Flat bottomed structure supported by prestressed expansion props and its construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a flat-bottomed ore receiving structure of a prestressed expansion support and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of underground mineral resource mining. The application discloses a flat-bottomed ore receiving structure of a prestressed expansion support and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of underground mineral resource mining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground mineral resource mining technology, and in particular relates to a flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure supported by prestressed expansion struts and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of underground metal mining, the bottom ore receiving structure is an important part of the stope. Although mines at home and abroad have made a lot of improvements and applications to the bottom ore receiving structure, the existing flat bottom ore receiving structure still has the following shortcomings in practical application.

[0003] 1) When the ore blocks after mining are large, they cannot be directly extracted and are prone to accumulating and blocking at the ore outlet. Therefore, secondary blasting and crushing are required to extract the ore smoothly, resulting in low mining efficiency.

[0004] 2) The mining area is easily affected by blasting vibrations, resulting in poor stability of the roof of the mining roadway. This can easily cause the roof of the mining roadway to sink and split rapidly, so it is necessary to strengthen the support. However, the strengthening support has the disadvantages of slow installation speed and inconvenient maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a flat-bottomed ore receiving structure supported by prestressed expansion props and its construction method. By connecting adjacent lower access roads, the ore outlet is enlarged, providing necessary space for trackless mining equipment such as loaders to enter and exit the mining area, meeting the needs of efficient and flexible mechanized mining, optimizing the operation route of loaders, and improving the working efficiency of mining equipment. By simultaneously carrying out bottom pulling and bottom pillar mining, the bottom pulling and bottom pillar mining are combined into one, effectively reducing the amount of cutting work and further improving construction efficiency. After the adjacent lower access roads are connected, the roof support is completed using prestressed expansion props, which features fast erection speed and convenient maintenance. The prestressed expansion props, erected with large spacing, create a larger exposed space at the lower access road, allowing larger ore blocks to be directly extracted, eliminating the need for secondary blasting and crushing, and providing more ample space for mining machinery operations, further accelerating the efficiency of mining operations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure supported by prestressed expansion props, comprising an upper external vein horizontal tunnel, an upper access road, an upper drilling horizontal tunnel, a lower external vein horizontal tunnel, a lower access road, a lower bottom-pulling horizontal tunnel, a cutting riser, and prestressed expansion props; the upper external vein horizontal tunnel is horizontally arranged within the upper surrounding rock of the footwall of the ore body; the upper access road is located between the ore body and the upper external vein horizontal tunnel; the upper drilling horizontal tunnel is horizontally arranged at the top of the ore body, and the upper access road connects to the upper section... The rock drilling tunnel and the upper vein external tunnel; the lower vein external tunnel is horizontally set in the lower section of the footwall of the ore body; the lower access road is set between the ore body and the lower vein external tunnel, the lower access roads are distributed at intervals and after the adjacent lower access roads are connected, prestressed expansion columns are erected for roof support; the lower bottom haulage tunnel is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the ore body, and the lower access road connects the lower bottom haulage tunnel and the lower vein external tunnel; the cutting riser is vertically arranged in the middle of the ore body, and the cutting riser connects the upper rock drilling tunnel and the lower bottom haulage tunnel.

[0007] The upper section of the external horizontal tunnel is distributed along the vein direction of the ore body. The upper section of the drilling horizontal tunnel and the upper section of the access road intersect and connect at the inter-mining pillar. The upper section of the access road is perpendicular to the vein direction of the ore body and is laid out horizontally.

[0008] The lower section of the external horizontal tunnel is distributed along the vein direction of the ore body, and the lower section of the access road is perpendicular to the vein direction of the ore body and is laid out horizontally.

[0009] The distance between the upper section of the horizontal tunnel and the ore body is set to 6m to 8m.

[0010] The distance between the lower section of the horizontal tunnel and the ore body is set to 4m to 5m.

[0011] The cross-sectional dimensions of the upper section of the horizontal tunnel are determined by pedestrian traffic and ventilation requirements.

[0012] The cross-sectional dimensions of the lower section of the external horizontal tunnel are determined by the dimensions and models of the mining equipment and transportation equipment.

[0013] The spacing between the prestressed expansion struts is determined by geological conditions.

[0014] A construction method for a flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure, employing the aforementioned prestressed expansion strut-supported flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure, includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct an upper external vein horizontal tunnel within the upper section of the footwall of the ore body, maintaining a distance of 6m to 8m between the upper external vein horizontal tunnel and the ore body. The upper external vein horizontal tunnel will serve as a passage for pedestrians and underground ventilation. Simultaneously, construct a lower external vein horizontal tunnel within the lower section of the footwall of the ore body, maintaining a distance of 4m to 5m between the lower external vein horizontal tunnel and the ore body. The lower external vein horizontal tunnel will serve as a passage for mining equipment and transportation equipment. Step 2: Starting from the upper section of the external horizontal tunnel, construct the upper section access road between the upper section of the external horizontal tunnel and the inter-stop pillar until the end of the upper section access road reaches the ore-rock boundary line; at the same time, starting from the lower section of the external horizontal tunnel, construct the lower section access road between the lower section of the external horizontal tunnel and the bottom of the ore body until the end of the lower section access road reaches the ore-rock boundary line. Step 3: Starting from the upper section approach, construct the upper section drilling tunnel at the top of the ore body between the pillars in the stope; at the same time, starting from the lower section approach, construct the lower section bottom-pulling tunnel at the bottom of the ore body between the pillars in the stope; subsequently, construct a cutting riser in the middle of the ore body between the upper section drilling tunnel and the lower section bottom-pulling tunnel, and use the cutting riser as a free face for blasting and ore falling and a ventilation passage. Step 4: Mining the surrounding rock between the lower access sections until all lower access sections are connected. Whenever two adjacent lower access sections are connected, a prestressed expansion strut is erected to support the roof. Step 5: Install transportation equipment on the side away from the ore body in the lower bottom pull tunnel, and install mining equipment on the side closer to the ore body in the lower bottom pull tunnel. The mining equipment and transportation equipment work together to carry out ore extraction operations. Step Six: Starting from the lower section of the bottom level roadway, use shallow hole blasting to mine the ore body layer by layer upwards. After each ore drop, only 1 / 3 of the total ore pile is released. Personnel and mining equipment continue mining operations on the remaining 2 / 3 of the ore pile until the ore body in the entire stope is mined. Finally, the entire ore pile is released.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The prestressed expansion prop support flat-bottom ore receiving structure and its construction method of the present invention expand the ore outlet by connecting adjacent lower access roads, providing necessary space for trackless mining equipment such as loaders to enter and exit the mining area, meeting the needs of efficient and flexible mechanized mining, optimizing the operation route of loaders, and improving the working efficiency of mining equipment; by simultaneously carrying out bottom pulling and bottom pillar mining, the bottom pulling and bottom pillar mining are combined into one, effectively reducing the amount of mining and cutting work and further improving construction efficiency; after the adjacent lower access roads are connected, the roof support is completed using prestressed expansion props, which has the characteristics of fast erection speed and convenient maintenance; through the prestressed expansion props erected at large intervals, a larger exposed space is formed at the lower access road, which not only allows larger ore blocks to be directly extracted, saving the workload of secondary blasting and crushing, but also leaves more space for mining machinery operations, further accelerating the efficiency of mining operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a flat-bottomed ore receiving structure supported by a prestressed expansion strut according to the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA; Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB section view; In the diagram, 1—upper section external tunnel, 2—upper section access road, 3—upper section drilling tunnel, 4—lower section external tunnel, 5—lower section access road, 6—lower section bottom-pulling tunnel, 7—cutting riser, 8—ore pile, 9—inter-stope pillar, 10—ore body, 11—prestressed expansion support. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure supported by prestressed expansion struts includes an upper external vein horizontal tunnel 1, an upper access road 2, an upper drilling horizontal tunnel 3, a lower external vein horizontal tunnel 4, a lower access road 5, a lower bottom-pulling horizontal tunnel 6, a cutting riser 7, and prestressed expansion struts 11. The upper external vein horizontal tunnel 1 is horizontally arranged in the upper surrounding rock of the footwall of the ore body 10. The upper access road 2 is located between the ore body 10 and the upper external vein horizontal tunnel 1. The upper drilling horizontal tunnel 3 is horizontally arranged at the top of the ore body 10, and the upper access road 2 connects the upper drilling horizontal tunnel 3 with the upper external vein horizontal tunnel. 1; The lower section external horizontal tunnel 4 is horizontally set in the lower section of the surrounding rock of the footwall of the ore body 10; The lower section access road 5 is set between the ore body 10 and the lower section external horizontal tunnel 4, and the lower section access roads 5 are distributed at intervals and prestressed expansion columns 11 are erected after the adjacent lower section access roads 5 are connected for roof support; The lower section bottom pulling horizontal tunnel 6 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the ore body 10, and the lower section access road 5 connects the lower section bottom pulling horizontal tunnel 6 and the lower section external horizontal tunnel 4; The cutting riser 7 is vertically arranged in the middle of the ore body 10, and the cutting riser 7 connects the upper section drilling horizontal tunnel 3 and the lower section bottom pulling horizontal tunnel 6.

[0019] The upper section of the external horizontal tunnel 1 is distributed along the vein direction of the ore body 10. The upper section of the drilling horizontal tunnel 3 and the upper section of the access road 2 intersect and connect at the inter-mining pillar 9. The upper section of the access road 2 is perpendicular to the vein direction of the ore body 10 and is laid out horizontally.

[0020] The lower section external horizontal tunnel 4 is distributed along the vein direction of the ore body 10, and the lower section access road 5 is perpendicular to the vein direction of the ore body 10 and is laid out horizontally.

[0021] The distance between the upper section of the external horizontal tunnel 1 and the ore body 10 is set to 6m to 8m.

[0022] The distance between the lower section of the external horizontal tunnel 4 and the ore body 10 is set to 4m to 5m.

[0023] The cross-sectional dimensions of the upper section of the outer horizontal alley 1 are determined by the needs of pedestrian passage and ventilation.

[0024] The cross-sectional dimensions of the lower section external horizontal tunnel 4 are determined by the dimensions and models of the mining equipment and transportation equipment.

[0025] The spacing of the prestressed expansion struts 11 is determined by geological conditions.

[0026] A construction method for a flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure, employing the aforementioned prestressed expansion strut-supported flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure, includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct the upper external vein horizontal tunnel 1 within the upper section of the footwall of ore body 10, maintaining a distance of 6m to 8m between the upper external vein horizontal tunnel 1 and ore body 10. The upper external vein horizontal tunnel 1 will serve as a passage for pedestrians and underground ventilation. Simultaneously, construct the lower external vein horizontal tunnel 4 within the lower section of the footwall of ore body 10, maintaining a distance of 4m to 5m between the lower external vein horizontal tunnel 4 and ore body 10. The lower external vein horizontal tunnel 4 will serve as a passage for mining equipment and transportation equipment. In this embodiment, the mining equipment is a side-discharge loader, and the transportation equipment is a railcar. Step 2: Starting from the upper section external horizontal tunnel 1, construct the upper section access road 2 between the upper section external horizontal tunnel 1 and the inter-stop pillar 9 until the end of the upper section access road 2 reaches the ore-rock boundary line; simultaneously, starting from the lower section external horizontal tunnel 4, construct the lower section access road 5 between the lower section external horizontal tunnel 4 and the bottom of the ore body 10 until the end of the lower section access road 5 reaches the ore-rock boundary line; in this embodiment, the cross-sectional dimensions of the upper section access road 2 and the lower section access road 5 are 2m×3m, and the interval distance of the lower section access road 5 is 5m; Step 3: Starting from the upper section approach 2, construct the upper section drilling tunnel 3 at the top of the ore body 10 between the inter-stop pillars 9; at the same time, starting from the lower section approach 5, construct the lower section bottom-pulling tunnel 6 at the bottom of the ore body 10 between the inter-stop pillars 9; subsequently, construct the cutting riser 7 in the middle of the ore body 10 between the upper section drilling tunnel 3 and the lower section bottom-pulling tunnel 6, and use the cutting riser 7 as the free face for blasting and ore falling and the ventilation passage. Step 4: Mining the surrounding rock between the lower access routes 5 until all lower access routes 5 are connected. Whenever two adjacent lower access routes 5 are connected, a prestressed expansion support 11 is erected to support the roof. Step 5: Install transportation equipment on the side away from the ore body 10 in the lower bottom pull roadway 6, and install mining equipment on the side close to the ore body 10 in the lower bottom pull roadway 6. The mining equipment and transportation equipment work together to carry out ore extraction operations. Step Six: Starting from the lower section of the bottom level roadway 6, use shallow hole blasting to mine the ore body 10 layer by layer upwards. After each ore drop, only 1 / 3 of the total ore pile 8 is released. Personnel and mining equipment continue mining operations on the remaining 2 / 3 of the ore pile 8 until the ore body 10 in the entire ore room is mined. Finally, all the ore pile 8 is released.

[0027] The solutions in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the present invention are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct an upper external vein horizontal tunnel within the upper section of the footwall of the ore body, maintaining a distance of 6m to 8m between the upper external vein horizontal tunnel and the ore body. The upper external vein horizontal tunnel will serve as a passage for pedestrians and underground ventilation. Simultaneously, construct a lower external vein horizontal tunnel within the lower section of the footwall of the ore body, maintaining a distance of 4m to 5m between the lower external vein horizontal tunnel and the ore body. The lower external vein horizontal tunnel will serve as a passage for mining equipment and transportation equipment. Step 2: Starting from the upper section of the external horizontal tunnel, construct the upper section access road between the upper section of the external horizontal tunnel and the inter-stop pillar until the end of the upper section access road reaches the ore-rock boundary line; at the same time, starting from the lower section of the external horizontal tunnel, construct the lower section access road between the lower section of the external horizontal tunnel and the bottom of the ore body until the end of the lower section access road reaches the ore-rock boundary line. Step 3: Starting from the upper section approach, construct the upper section drilling tunnel at the top of the ore body between the pillars in the stope; at the same time, starting from the lower section approach, construct the lower section bottom-pulling tunnel at the bottom of the ore body between the pillars in the stope; subsequently, construct a cutting riser in the middle of the ore body between the upper section drilling tunnel and the lower section bottom-pulling tunnel, and use the cutting riser as a free face for blasting and ore falling and a ventilation passage. Step 4: Mining the surrounding rock between the lower access sections until all lower access sections are connected. Whenever two adjacent lower access sections are connected, a prestressed expansion strut is erected to support the roof. Step 5: Install transportation equipment on the side away from the ore body in the lower bottom pull tunnel, and install mining equipment on the side closer to the ore body in the lower bottom pull tunnel. The mining equipment and transportation equipment work together to carry out ore extraction operations. Step Six: Starting from the lower section of the bottom level roadway, use shallow hole blasting to mine the ore body layer by layer upwards. After each ore drop, only 1 / 3 of the total ore pile is released. Personnel and mining equipment continue mining operations on the remaining 2 / 3 of the ore pile until the ore body in the entire stope is mined. Finally, the entire ore pile is released.

2. The construction method of the flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional dimensions of the upper section of the horizontal tunnel are determined by pedestrian traffic and ventilation requirements.

3. The construction method of the flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional dimensions of the lower section of the external horizontal tunnel are determined by the dimensions and models of the mining equipment and transportation equipment.

4. The construction method of the flat-bottomed ore-receiving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the prestressed expansion struts is determined by geological conditions.

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