A brush-type toothed sealing structure

Abstract

A brush-type grate seal structure belongs to the field of sealing technology for aero-engines and gas turbines. The structure includes a stator component and a rotating component. The stator component is equipped with a brush-type seal assembly, including a brush filament bundle, a front baffle, a rear baffle, and a mounting base. One end of the brush filament bundle is fixed, while the other end extends freely to form a sealing end face. The rotating component has multiple grates arranged axially on its outer periphery. A radial gap is provided between the tip of the grates and the free end of the brush filament bundle. During operation, the grates deform and cut into the brush filament bundle, passing through it sequentially. The brush filaments elastically deflect and recover, forming a dynamic sealing barrier. This invention combines the low leakage of brush seals with the anti-interference capability of grate structures, solving the problems of unstable performance and easy wear of existing seals under high speed, high temperature, and variable operating conditions. It is suitable for high-temperature and high-speed applications such as aero-engines and gas turbines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sealing technology for aero-engines and gas turbines, and in particular to a brush-type comb seal structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the operating environment of aero engines and gas turbines, the sealing structure between the rotor and stator has a decisive impact on the overall efficiency, reliability and service life of the machine.

[0003] Traditional toothed sealing technology uses axially arranged teeth on the rotor surface, forming a corresponding cavity on the stator side, relying on the throttling effect of gas passing through the gap between the teeth to suppress leakage. However, this type of sealing structure faces severe challenges in actual operating conditions: when the engine undergoes high-temperature thermal deformation or external vibration, the gap between the teeth and the cavity is prone to unexpected changes, leading to increased gap or direct contact, causing significant deterioration of sealing performance or even complete failure; at the same time, repeated friction between the tooth tips and the stator material causes mechanical wear, further shortening the seal life.

[0004] Brush seals, as an alternative, use densely packed flexible brush filaments fixed to the stator components. Their structure can dynamically adapt to the radial displacement of the rotor, effectively reducing the leakage rate. However, brush seals also have inherent drawbacks in application. When the brush filaments are in contact with the smooth rotor surface, under continuous high temperature and high speed rotation conditions, the brush filaments are prone to fatigue fracture, localized ablation, or thermal degradation, resulting in damage to the integrity of the sealing barrier and insufficient long-term operational stability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to propose a brush-type comb sealing structure to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a brush-type grate sealing structure, comprising a stationary component and a rotating component. The stationary component is equipped with a brush-type sealing assembly, which includes a brush filament bundle, a front baffle, a rear baffle, and a mounting base. The brush filament bundle is composed of multiple high-temperature resistant metal wires or composite material wires densely arranged, with one end fixed in the mounting base and the other end extending freely to form a sealing end face. The outer periphery of the rotating component is provided with multiple grates arranged axially to form a grate structure. The tips of the grates are positioned opposite to the free end of the brush filament bundle of the brush-type sealing assembly, and a radial gap is provided between them. When the rotating component rotates, the grates undergo radial deformation and cut into the brush filament bundle. The grates pass through the brush filament bundle in sequence, and the brush filaments undergo elastic deflection when passing through the grates and return to their original position after passing through the grates, forming a dynamic sealing barrier.

[0007] Furthermore, the filaments of the brush bundle are made of nickel-based high-temperature alloys, cobalt-based alloys, or silicon carbide fiber composite materials, with a temperature resistance of not less than 800℃.

[0008] Furthermore, the teeth of the grating are rectangular, trapezoidal, or arc-shaped, with a tooth tip width of 0.1–0.5 mm and a spacing between adjacent grating teeth of 0.5–2.0 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the brush filament bundle is 0.05–0.15 mm, and the filament density is 1500–3000 filaments per square centimeter.

[0010] Furthermore, the radial clearance is 0.1–0.3 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the radial clearance is 0.15 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the bristle bundle is installed at an angle of 15° to 45° relative to the radial direction, and the direction of the tilt is in the same direction as the rotation of the rotating component.

[0013] Furthermore, the filament bundle has an inclination angle of 30°.

[0014] Furthermore, the front baffle and the rear baffle are welded to the mounting base and together with the mounting base form a cavity for accommodating the brush filament bundle.

[0015] Furthermore, the axial width of the brush filament bundle covers the axial arrangement range of the comb structure.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) When the rotating part rotates, the grating teeth undergo radial deformation and cut into the brush filament bundle. The grating teeth pass through the brush filament bundle in sequence. The brush filaments undergo elastic deflection when the grating teeth pass through and return to their original position after the grating teeth pass through, forming a dynamic sealing barrier. Through the dynamic synergistic effect of the grating teeth and the brush filament bundle, it effectively adapts to the rotor's thermal deformation and vibration, suppresses the gas leakage path, and has the ability to dynamically adapt to the rotor's radial displacement, effectively reducing the gas leakage rate, reducing brush filament wear, improving sealing reliability and long-term operational stability.

[0017] (2) The bristles are made of high-temperature resistant metal or composite material, which can work stably in environments above 800℃ for a long time and are suitable for key parts such as high-pressure compressors and turbine stage seals of aero engines. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an axial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the brush-type comb sealing structure provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged view of the comb teeth and bristle bundle in this invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined installation structure of the brush filament bundle in this invention.

[0022] The reference numerals in the attached diagrams are as follows: 1. Stator component; 2. Brush seal assembly; 3. Brush bristle bundle; 4. Front baffle; 5. Rear baffle; 6. Mounting base; 7. Rotating component; 8. Grate teeth; 9. Radial clearance. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0025] In high-speed rotating machinery such as aero-engines and gas turbines, the sealing performance between the rotor and stator has a significant impact on the overall efficiency and reliability of the machine. Traditional grate seals are prone to changes in the tooth tip clearance under thermal deformation or vibration conditions, leading to contact wear or increased leakage, and ultimately seal failure. While brush seals offer flexibility and adaptability, the brush filaments are prone to wear and have limited thermal stability when mating with smooth rotor surfaces. Currently, no sealing solution has been disclosed that effectively combines the low-leakage characteristics of brush seals with the anti-interference capabilities of grate structures, while overcoming the limitations of each.

[0026] Combination Figure 1As shown, this application proposes a brush-type grate sealing structure, including a stationary component 1 and a rotating component 7. The stationary component 1 is equipped with a brush-type sealing assembly 2, which includes a brush filament bundle 3, a front baffle 4, a rear baffle 5, and a mounting base 6. The brush filament bundle 3 is composed of multiple high-temperature resistant metal wires or composite material wires densely arranged, with one end fixed within the mounting base 6 and the other end extending freely to form a sealing end face. The outer periphery of the rotating component 7 is provided with multiple grates 8 arranged axially, forming a grate structure. The tips of the grates 8 are positioned opposite to the free ends of the brush filament bundle 3 of the brush-type sealing assembly 2, with a radial gap 9 between them. When the rotating component 7 rotates, the grates 8 undergo radial deformation and cut into the brush filament bundle 3. The grates 8 sequentially pass through the brush filament bundle 3, and the brush filaments elastically deflect as they pass through the grates 8, returning to their original position after passing through, forming a dynamic sealing barrier.

[0027] For ease of understanding, the following explains some key terms in this embodiment: The stator component 1 typically refers to the stationary part in an aircraft engine or gas turbine that does not rotate with the rotor. The stator component 1 provides the mounting base for the brush seal assembly 2.

[0028] Rotating component 7 typically refers to a component in an aircraft engine or gas turbine that rotates with the rotor. Its outer periphery is provided with grates 8 to cooperate with the brush-type sealing assembly 2 to achieve the sealing function.

[0029] The brush seal assembly 2 is a flexible sealing structure, which consists of a brush bristle bundle 3, a front baffle 4, a rear baffle 5, and a mounting base 6, for forming a dynamic seal with the grates 8 on the rotating component 7.

[0030] The brush filament bundle 3 is composed of multiple high-temperature resistant metal wires or composite material wires arranged densely. One end of the bundle is fixed in the mounting base 6, and the other end extends freely to form a sealing end face. This free end cooperates with the comb teeth 8 and achieves sealing through elastic deformation.

[0031] The comb teeth 8 are tooth-like structures arranged axially on the outer periphery of the rotating component 7. When rotating, they interact with the bristle bundle 3, guiding the bristles to deflect and forming a seal.

[0032] The radial clearance 9 is the radial distance between the tip of the comb 8 and the free end of the brush filament bundle 3 of the brush seal assembly 2. The setting of this clearance affects the sealing performance and wear characteristics.

[0033] When the rotating component 7 rotates, the grating teeth 8 undergo radial deformation, eliminating the radial clearance 9 before cutting into the bristle bundle 3. The radial deformation of the grating teeth 8 can be caused by factors such as centrifugal force, thermal expansion, or vibration of the rotating component 7. The grating teeth 8 pass sequentially through the bristle bundle 3, and the bristles elastically deflect as they pass through. The elastic deflection capability of the bristle bundle 3 depends on its material properties, filament diameter, and density. The bristles return to their original position after passing through the grating teeth 8, achieved through their own elastic restoring force, ensuring the dynamic adaptability of the seal. This forms a dynamic sealing barrier, effectively preventing fluid leakage.

[0034] By adopting the above structure, and cleverly combining the brush seal assembly 2 on the stator component 1 with the grate structure 8 on the rotating component 7, the problem of traditional grate seals being prone to failure under thermal deformation or vibration conditions is effectively solved. At the same time, it avoids the limitations of brush seals in terms of brush filament wear and poor thermal stability when mated with a smooth rotor. This structure can adapt to rotor radial runout and form a dynamic sealing barrier through the elastic deflection of the brush filaments, thereby significantly improving the stability, durability, and overall performance of the seal between the rotor and stator in aero-engines and gas turbines.

[0035] The brush-type grate sealing structure proposed in this application achieves sealing through dynamic contact between the brush filament bundle 3 and the grate teeth 8 on the rotating component 7. However, in practical applications, especially in high-temperature rotating machinery such as aero-engines and gas turbines, the sealing area often faces extremely high operating temperatures. If the material of the brush filament bundle 3 has insufficient temperature resistance, the brush filaments may soften, oxidize, creep, or lose elasticity under high-temperature conditions, thereby affecting the dynamic response capability and sealing performance of the brush filament bundle 3, and may even lead to premature failure of the sealing structure, reducing the operating efficiency and reliability of the equipment.

[0036] In this regard, this application further proposes to optimize the filament material of the brush filament bundle 3. Specifically, the filament material of the brush filament bundle 3 can be selected from nickel-based high-temperature alloys, cobalt-based alloys or silicon carbide fiber composite materials, and its temperature resistance is required to be not less than 800°C.

[0037] Nickel-based superalloys are alloy materials formed by adding various alloying elements such as aluminum, titanium, chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten to nickel as the base material. These materials exhibit excellent strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance at high temperatures and are widely used in critical hot-end components of aero-engines, such as turbine blades and combustion chambers. Applying them to brush filament bundle 3 ensures that the brush filaments maintain sufficient mechanical strength and elasticity even when subjected to high-temperature airflow and mechanical stress, thereby maintaining the effectiveness of the seal.

[0038] Cobalt-based alloys are alloys formed with cobalt as the base material and the addition of elements such as chromium, tungsten, and nickel. Their notable characteristics include excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high strength and good toughness at high temperatures. Using cobalt-based alloys as the filament material for the brush bristle bundle 3 helps improve the wear resistance of the bristles and extend their service life. Especially under dynamic sealing conditions where the teeth 8 and the brush bristle bundle 3 frequently come into contact, it can effectively resist wear and maintain the stability of the sealing performance.

[0039] Silicon carbide fiber composites are composite materials reinforced with high-strength, high-modulus silicon carbide fibers. Silicon carbide fibers themselves possess extremely high temperature resistance limits, excellent strength, modulus, and oxidation resistance. Applying silicon carbide fiber composites to brush filament bundles 3 can significantly improve the extreme temperature resistance and fatigue resistance of the brush filaments, enabling them to adapt to more extreme high-temperature working environments and providing a wider range of applications and higher reliability for sealing structures.

[0040] By employing the aforementioned technical solutions, nickel-based high-temperature alloys, cobalt-based alloys, or silicon carbide fiber composite materials are selected as the filaments for the brush filament bundle 3, ensuring that their temperature resistance is not lower than 800℃. This effectively solves the problem of performance degradation of brush filaments under high-temperature environments. These high-performance materials maintain excellent strength, elasticity, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance at high temperatures, enabling the brush filament bundle 3 to continuously and stably provide the necessary support and restoring force during the high-speed rotation of the rotating component 7 and the frequent cutting of the grate teeth 8 into the brush filament bundle 3 and the resulting elastic deflection. This not only ensures the structural integrity and dynamic sealing performance of the brush filament bundle 3 under high-temperature conditions, effectively preventing the leakage of high-temperature gases and improving sealing efficiency, but also significantly extends the service life of the brush-type grate sealing structure, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the operational reliability and economy of the entire rotating machinery.

[0041] In some embodiments described above in this application, a brush-type grate sealing structure is proposed, which achieves sealing through dynamic contact between the grates 8 on the rotating component 7 and the brush filament bundle 3 of the brush-type sealing assembly 2. However, in practical applications, if the tooth shape, tooth tip width, and spacing between adjacent grates 8 are not properly designed, the interaction between the grates 8 and the brush filament bundle 3 may not be optimized, thereby affecting the sealing efficiency, the wear life of the brush filament bundle 3, and the overall reliability of the sealing structure.

[0042] In this regard, this application further proposes that the tooth shape of the grating tooth 8 is rectangular, trapezoidal or arc-shaped, the tooth tip width is 0.1 to 0.5 mm, and the distance between adjacent grating teeth is 0.5 to 2.0 mm.

[0043] The tooth profile of the bristles 8 is a key factor affecting its interaction with the bristle bundle 3. Rectangular tooth profiles are relatively simple, easy to manufacture, and provide direct contact when cutting into the bristle bundle 3. Trapezoidal tooth profiles, while ensuring sufficient strength, have a beveled design that helps guide the bristles 3 to deflect smoothly, reducing impact and wear. Arc-shaped tooth profiles have a smooth surface, minimizing wear on the bristles 3 and promoting smooth recovery of the bristles 3 after passing through the bristles 8. These tooth profile choices aim to optimize the mechanical properties of the bristles 8 when cutting into the bristle bundle 3, the deflection behavior of the bristles 3, and wear conditions to adapt to different operating conditions.

[0044] The tooth tip width directly affects the contact area and local pressure between the bristles 8 and the bristle bundle 3. A smaller tooth tip width (e.g., 0.1 mm) allows for finer cutting into the bristle bundle 3, reducing impact on individual bristles 3 and thus reducing wear, but the strength of the bristles 8 must be considered. A larger tooth tip width (e.g., 0.5 mm) provides stronger cutting ability but may increase wear on the bristle bundle 3. Limiting the tooth tip width to the range of 0.1–0.5 mm aims to balance the mechanical strength of the bristles 8, wear on the bristle bundle 3, and sealing performance, ensuring that the bristles 3 can effectively deflect without excessive damage during dynamic contact.

[0045] The spacing between adjacent grates determines the space and time for the bristle bundle 3 to recover between two grates 8. A smaller spacing (e.g., 0.5 mm) means the grates 8 are more densely packed, providing a more continuous sealing effect, but may cause the bristles 3 to deflect and recover frequently in a short period of time, increasing fatigue. A larger spacing (e.g., 2.0 mm) provides the bristles 3 with more time and space for elastic recovery, helping to extend the fatigue life of the bristles 3. Limiting the spacing between adjacent grates to the range of 0.5 to 2.0 mm aims to optimize the elastic recovery characteristics of the bristles 3, balance the sealing effect with the fatigue life of the bristles 3, and thus improve the overall reliability of the sealing structure.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the tooth shape, tooth tip width, and spacing between adjacent teeth of the grate 8 are optimized, resulting in smoother dynamic contact between the grate 8 and the bristle bundle 3. This effectively reduces local stress concentration and wear of the bristles 3, while ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the seal. This optimized design significantly improves the sealing performance and service life of the brush-type grate sealing structure under high-speed rotation conditions, thereby improving the operational reliability of the entire device.

[0047] In this embodiment, the brush seal assembly 2 on the stationary component 1 cooperates with the grating teeth 8 on the rotating component 7, forming a dynamic seal by the grating teeth 8 cutting into the brush filament bundle 3. However, if the characteristics of the filament material, the diameter of a single filament, and the arrangement density of the filaments are not properly selected, the brush filament bundle 3 may not provide sufficient sealing resistance when in contact with the grating teeth 8, or the seal life may be affected due to excessive wear, thereby reducing the overall sealing effect and failing to fully utilize the advantages of the brush seal.

[0048] To address this, this application further proposes optimizations to the filament diameter and density of the bristle bundle 3. Specifically, the filament diameter of the bristle bundle 3 is limited to 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm. The filament diameter refers to the diameter of a single bristle constituting the bristle bundle 3, and its size directly affects the flexibility, strength, and deformation capacity of the bristles when in contact with the bristles 8. Controlling the filament diameter within this range ensures that the bristles possess appropriate flexibility when cut by the bristles 8, allowing for elastic deflection without easily breaking or generating excessive reaction force, while maintaining sufficient strength to resist wear. Simultaneously, the bristle density is limited to 1500 to 3000 filaments per square centimeter. Within this density range, the bristle bundle 3 can form a sufficiently dense and uniform sealing barrier, effectively preventing fluid leakage. Too low a density may result in poor sealing, while too high a density may increase the resistance when the bristles 8 cut in, accelerating wear or causing overheating.

[0049] Through the above technical solution, the filament diameter and density of the brush filament bundle 3 are precisely optimized, enabling the brush filament bundle 3 to form a sealing interface that is both flexible and sufficiently dense when in dynamic contact with the grating teeth 8 of the rotating component 7. This optimized configuration ensures that the brush filament bundle 3 can undergo effective elastic deflection and quickly return to its original position when the grating teeth 8 pass through, thereby providing reliable sealing performance while significantly reducing frictional wear between the grating teeth 8 and the brush filament bundle 3, extending the service life of the entire brush-type grating sealing structure, and effectively reducing fluid leakage.

[0050] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the radial clearance 9 between the teeth 8 and the free end of the bristle bundle 3 is crucial for sealing performance and component lifespan. Improper setting of the radial clearance 9 may lead to poor sealing or excessive wear between the bristle bundle 3 and the teeth 8, thus affecting the reliability and service life of the sealing structure.

[0051] In this regard, this application further proposes that the radial clearance 9 be between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm. The radial clearance 9 refers to the radial distance between the tips of the teeth 8 and the free ends of the brush filament bundle 3 of the brush seal assembly 2 when the rotating component 7 is stationary. Setting the radial clearance 9 within the range of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm aims to achieve an optimized balance between sealing performance and component wear. Specifically, when the radial clearance 9 is set to 0.1 mm, sufficient interference is ensured between the teeth 8 and the brush filament bundle 3 when the rotating component 7 rotates, thereby forming an effective dynamic sealing barrier, while avoiding excessive initial contact stress or excessive wear of the brush filament bundle 3 due to excessively small clearance. On the other hand, when the radial clearance 9 is set to 0.3 mm, sufficient space is provided for the radial deformation of the teeth 8 and the elastic deflection of the brush filament bundle 3 while ensuring a certain sealing effect, effectively reducing the wear risk of the sealing structure under extreme operating conditions and allowing adjustments within manufacturing tolerances and assembly errors. This range allows the sealing structure to adapt to different working environments and operational requirements. For example, a smaller gap value can be selected when higher sealing efficiency is required, while a larger gap value can be selected when longer service life or greater radial deformation is required.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, the radial clearance 9 is set to 0.15 mm. This effectively balances sealing efficiency and structural reliability. When the rotating component 7 rotates, the grating teeth 8 enter the bristle bundle 3 at the optimal cutting depth, allowing the bristles 3 to form a tight and uniform dynamic sealing barrier when elastically deflected, significantly reducing fluid leakage. Simultaneously, the 0.15 mm radial clearance 9 ensures that the bristles 3 do not experience excessive compressive stress, thereby effectively reducing frictional wear between the bristles 3 and the grating teeth 8, extending the service life of the brush seal assembly 2 and the grating tooth structure. This precise clearance control allows the sealing structure to maintain high sealing performance while also possessing excellent durability and stability, especially providing more reliable sealing protection under high-speed rotation and high-temperature environments.

[0053] A dynamic seal is formed between the brush bristle bundle 3 of the brush seal assembly 2 and the grating teeth 8 of the rotating component 7. However, when the rotating component 7 rotates, the grating teeth 8 radially cut into the brush bristle bundle 3, causing the bristles to deflect. If the brush bristle bundle 3 is installed only in a parallel radial manner, the bristles may be subjected to large impact loads and friction during deflection, affecting the lifespan and sealing effect of the bristles. Especially under high-speed rotation or frequent cutting, the recovery performance of the bristles may also be affected.

[0054] To address this, this application further proposes a brush-type comb-shaped sealing structure, wherein the brush filament bundle 3 is installed at an angle of 15° to 45° relative to the radial direction, and the angle is aligned with the rotation direction of the rotating component 7. Specifically, as follows... Figure 3As shown.

[0055] The bristle bundle 3 is installed at an angle, specifically forming a preset angle with the radial direction. This angled installation alters the initial force state and deflection path of the bristles when they contact the grating teeth 8. This design allows the bristle bundle 3 to have a certain pre-deflection angle even when not under force, providing favorable initial conditions for subsequent dynamic contact with the grating teeth 8. With the bristle bundle 3 installed at an angle, and the angle aligned with the rotation direction of the rotating component 7, when the grating teeth 8 cut into the bristle bundle 3, the bristles no longer directly bear the radial impact, but can deflect in accordance with the rotation direction of the grating teeth 8. This unidirectional angled installation makes the contact between the grating teeth 8 and the bristle bundle 3 gentler, effectively reducing the impact load and friction force borne by the bristles during deflection, thereby significantly reducing bristle wear and extending the service life of the bristle bundle 3.

[0056] Furthermore, this application proposes that the inclination angle of the bristle bundle 3 is 30°, which enables the contact and deflection process between the bristle teeth 8 and the bristle bundle 3 to achieve optimal balance when the rotating component 7 rotates at high speed. When the bristle teeth 8 cuts into the bristle bundle 3, the 30° inclination angle can effectively reduce the initial impact force on the bristles, allowing the bristles to undergo more smooth and gradual elastic deflection, thereby significantly reducing the stress concentration and wear rate of the bristles.

[0057] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the front baffle 4 and the rear baffle 5 are welded to the mounting base 6, forming a cavity with the mounting base 6 to accommodate the brush filament bundle 3. This welded connection provides extremely high structural strength and rigidity, ensuring that the front baffle 4, the rear baffle 5, and the mounting base 6 form an inseparable whole, effectively preventing loosening, displacement, or deformation of the fixing structure of the brush filament bundle 3 under harsh working conditions such as high temperature, high speed, and dynamic impact. The cavity provides reliable axial constraint on the brush filament bundle 3, enabling it to maintain the expected density and arrangement, thereby ensuring the stability of the elastic deflection and recovery performance of the brush filament bundle 3 when in dynamic contact with the bristles 8.

[0058] In some embodiments described above in this application, a brush-type grate sealing structure is proposed, in which a seal is formed through the dynamic contact between the grates 8 on the rotating component 7 and the brush filament bundle 3 on the stationary component 1. However, in practical applications, if the axial width of the brush filament bundle 3 fails to adequately cover the entire axial arrangement range of the grate structure, some grates 8 may not be effectively sealed in the axial direction, thus forming a potential leakage path and affecting the overall sealing efficiency and reliability.

[0059] To address this, this application further proposes that the axial width of the brush bristle bundle 3 covers the axial arrangement range of the grate structure. This ensures that the brush bristle bundle 3 can make full and continuous contact with all the grate teeth 8 on the rotating component 7 throughout the entire axial region. This effectively eliminates leakage paths that may occur due to incomplete axial coverage, thereby significantly improving the overall sealing performance and reliability of the brush-type grate sealing structure. When the rotating component 7 rotates, the grate teeth 8 can form a dynamic sealing barrier with the brush bristle bundle 3 throughout the entire axial arrangement range. This comprehensive axial coverage ensures the uniformity and stability of the sealing effect, especially under conditions such as axial displacement or thermal expansion, enabling the continuous maintenance of a highly efficient sealing state and reducing the risk of fluid leakage.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brush-type toothed sealing structure, comprising a stationary component (1) and a rotating component (7), characterized in that: The stator component (1) is provided with a brush sealing assembly (2), which includes a brush filament bundle (3), a front baffle (4), a rear baffle (5) and a mounting base (6). The brush filament bundle (3) is composed of multiple high-temperature resistant metal wires or composite material wires arranged in a dense manner. One end is fixed in the mounting base (6), and the other end extends freely to form a sealing end face. The outer periphery of the rotating component (7) is provided with a plurality of grating teeth (8) arranged along the axial direction to form a grating structure. The tips of the grating teeth (8) are arranged opposite to the free end of the brush filament bundle (3) of the brush sealing assembly (2), and a radial gap (9) is provided between them. When the rotating component (7) rotates, the grating teeth (8) undergo radial deformation and cut into the bristle bundle (3). The grating teeth (8) pass through the bristle bundle (3) in sequence. The bristles undergo elastic deflection when the grating teeth (8) pass through and return to their original position after the grating teeth (8) pass through, forming a dynamic sealing barrier.

2. The brush-type toothed sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filaments of the brush bundle (3) are made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy, cobalt-based alloy or silicon carbide fiber composite material, and the temperature resistance is not lower than 800℃.

3. The brush-type toothed sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The teeth of the grating (8) are rectangular, trapezoidal or arc-shaped, with a tooth tip width of 0.1 to 0.5 mm and a spacing between adjacent grating teeth of 0.5 to 2.0 mm.

4. The brush-type toothed sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the brush filament bundle (3) is 0.05-0.15 mm, and the filament density is 1500-3000 filaments per square centimeter.

5. The brush-type toothed sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial clearance (9) is 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

6. The brush-type toothed sealing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radial clearance (9) is 0.15 mm.

7. The brush-type toothed sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bristle bundle (3) is installed at an angle of 15° to 45° relative to the radial direction, and the direction of the inclination is along the rotation direction of the rotating component (7).

8. The brush-type toothed sealing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the bristle bundle (3) is 30°.

9. The brush-type toothed sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front baffle (4) and the rear baffle (5) are welded to the mounting base (6) and together with the mounting base (6) form a cavity for accommodating the bristle bundle (3).

10. The brush-type toothed sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial width of the bristle bundle (3) covers the axial arrangement range of the comb structure.

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