Heat recovery system for vehicles and its control method

Abstract

This invention discloses a heat recovery system for vehicles and its control method. The control method includes: acquiring the estimated hot-end temperature of different generator sets; calculating the target power; adjusting the load resistance value of different generator sets to the total internal resistance value; and the heat recovery system outputting maximum power. By acquiring the estimated hot-end temperature of each generator set and adjusting the load resistance value of each generator set to be close to the corresponding total internal resistance value in real time, the output power of each generator set is maximized. This allows the heat recovery system to output maximum power and generate electricity through heat recovery, achieving single-unit control and advance adjustment of generator sets, improving the power generation, response time, and control accuracy of the heat recovery system, and enhancing its reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle exhaust energy recovery and utilization technology, and in particular to a heat energy recovery system for vehicles and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing technology, the control methods for heat recovery systems are usually complex, have slow response time, and the control accuracy is affected by the temperature difference under different conditions, resulting in low power generation of the heat recovery system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a control method for a heat recovery system that can improve the power generation capacity of the heat recovery system.

[0004] The second objective of this invention is to provide a heat recovery system for vehicles, employing the control method of the heat recovery system described in the above embodiments.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a control method for a heat recovery system includes: Obtain the estimated hot-end temperature of different generator sets; The target power is calculated; Adjust the load resistance values ​​of the different generator sets to the total internal resistance value; The heat recovery system outputs maximum power.

[0006] According to the control method of the heat recovery system of the present invention, by obtaining the estimated temperature of the hot end of each power generation unit and adjusting the load resistance value of each power generation unit to be close to the total internal resistance value of the corresponding power generation unit in real time, the output power of each power generation unit is maximized, thereby enabling the heat recovery system to output power at maximum power and perform heat recovery and power generation, realizing single control and advance adjustment of power generation units, improving the power generation power, response time and control accuracy of the heat recovery system, and improving the reliability of the heat recovery system.

[0007] In some embodiments, the method for obtaining the estimated hot-end temperature of different power generation cell groups includes: obtaining the hot-end temperature of the first power generation cell in each power generation cell group located away from the collector inlet on the thermal power feed module; performing Jacobi iteration on the obtained hot-end temperature of the first power generation cell in each power generation cell group located away from the collector inlet; and obtaining the iteration error.

[0008] In some embodiments, the method includes: stopping the iteration when the iteration error is less than a preset threshold; and obtaining the estimated temperature of the hot end of the first power generation cell.

[0009] In some embodiments, the method for obtaining the hot-end temperature of the first power generation cell in each power generation cell group on the thermal power supply module that is away from the collector inlet includes: forming a temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermal power supply module, and the power generation cell generating electricity; obtaining the voltage of any second power generation cell in the power generation cell group adjacent to the collector inlet; and obtaining the voltage of the first power generation cell in the power generation cell group that is located in the same direction as the second power generation cell along the fluid flow direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, after obtaining the voltage of the first power generation cell in the power generation cell group located in the same direction as the second power generation cell along the fluid flow direction, which is included in the power generation cell group away from the collector inlet, the method includes: obtaining the cold end temperature corresponding to the first power generation cell; obtaining the hot end temperature of the second power generation cell corresponding to the power generation cell group adjacent to the collector inlet; and obtaining the hot end temperature of the first power generation cell corresponding to the second power generation cell in a plurality of power generation cell groups away from the collector inlet.

[0011] In some embodiments, the method of obtaining the hot end temperature of the first power generation cell in each power generation cell group on the thermal power supply module that is away from the collector inlet includes: obtaining the fluid temperature adjacent to the collector inlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the method for obtaining the iteration error includes: obtaining the voltage of any first power generation cell in a plurality of power generation cell groups located away from the collector inlet and any second power generation cell in a plurality of power generation cell groups located adjacent to the collector inlet. : ; Obtain the hot-end temperature of the other first power generating cells in the plurality of power generating cell groups located away from the inlet of the solar collector. : ,in The Seebeck coefficient of the generator; the hot-end temperature of the first generator is obtained. : ,in k Let e ​​be the number of iterations; obtain the iteration error e: e = max| |, where e is the iteration error. Let t be the temperature of the hot end of the generator at iteration time t.

[0013] In some embodiments, after obtaining the estimated hot-end temperature of different power generation cell groups, the method includes: estimating the hot-end temperature of the first power generation cell included in the plurality of power generation cell groups using an iterative method; and calculating the internal resistance of the plurality of power generation cell groups.

[0014] In some embodiments, after the target power is calculated and before adjusting the load resistance of the different generator sets, the method includes: obtaining the current of the generators included in the generator set; and obtaining the total internal resistance value of each generator set.

[0015] According to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention, a heat recovery system for a vehicle employs the control method of any one of the above embodiments. The heat recovery system for a vehicle includes: an engine, a cooling system, a heat energy feeding module, a controller, and a regulating module. The engine has an exhaust port. The cooling system is connected to the engine. The heat energy feeding module includes a solar collector, multiple generator sets, and a cooling water tank. The multiple generator sets are disposed between the cooling water tank and the solar collector. The solar collector has an inlet connected to the exhaust port to provide a hot-end temperature for the generator sets. The cooling water tank is connected to the cooling system to provide a cold-end temperature for the generator sets. The controller is electrically connected to the heat energy feeding module. The regulating module is electrically connected to the controller to store the electricity generated by the heat energy feeding module in a battery.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a control method for a heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a thermal power supply module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of a thermal power supply module according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure label: 100. Heat recovery system; 10. Thermal power supply module; 11. Generator assembly; 111. First generator; 112. Second generator; 12. Solar collector; 13. Inlet; 14. Cooling water tank; 20. Engine; 21. Cooling system; 22. Controller; 23. Adjustment module; 24. Battery; 30. First path; 31. Second path; 33. Third path; A. First direction; B. Second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. Figures 1-4 A control method for a heat recovery system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the control method for the heat recovery system 100 includes: Obtain the estimated hot-end temperature of different generator cell groups 11; The target power is calculated; Adjust the load resistance values ​​of different generator sets 11 to the total internal resistance value; The heat recovery system 100 outputs maximum power.

[0020] Specifically, in combination Figure 2 In the heat recovery system 100, the solar collector 12 has m rows and n columns of power generating cells evenly distributed on both sides along the height direction. Power generating cells in the same column form a power generating cell group 11. First, the hot-end temperature of the first column of power generating cell groups 11 adjacent to the inlet 13 of the solar collector 12 is obtained through temperature sensors or other methods such as temperature estimation. Based on the hot-end temperature of the first column of power generating cell groups 11, the estimated hot-end temperature of each non-first column of power generating cell groups 11 far from the inlet 13 of the solar collector 12 is obtained through temperature iteration estimation. Then, the target power is calculated, and the load resistance value of each power generating cell group 11 is adjusted so that the load resistance value of each power generating cell group 11 is close to the total internal resistance value of the corresponding power generating cell group 11, thereby maximizing the output power of each power generating cell group 11. If a temperature sensor is used to obtain the temperature of the multiple power generating cells included in the power generating cell group 11, the temperature sensor can be a type K thermocouple sensor. In this application, the temperature of the first row of generator cells 11 can be obtained by acquiring the current and voltage of the generator cells. The temperature of the hot end of the non-first row of generator cells 11 can be estimated based on the temperature iterative estimation to calculate the target power, thereby realizing the adjustment of the load resistance and ensuring the output power of the generator cell group 11.

[0021] According to the control method of the heat recovery system 100 of the present invention, by obtaining the estimated temperature of the hot end of each power generation unit 11 and adjusting the load resistance value of each power generation unit 11 to be close to the total internal resistance value of the corresponding power generation unit 11 in real time, the output power of each power generation unit 11 is maximized, thereby enabling the heat recovery system 100 to output power at the maximum and perform heat recovery and power generation, realizing single control and advance adjustment of the power generation unit 11, improving the power generation power, response time and control accuracy of the heat recovery system 100, and improving the reliability of the heat recovery system 100.

[0022] Optionally, the power generation unit includes a first power generation unit 111 and a second power generation unit 112. The power generation unit in the non-first row of power generation unit group 11 that is far away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12 is the first power generation unit 111, and the power generation unit in the first row of power generation unit group 11 that is adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12 is the second power generation unit 112.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for obtaining the estimated hot-end temperature of different power generation unit groups 11 includes: obtaining the hot-end temperature of the first power generation unit 111 included in each power generation unit group 11 located away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12 on the thermal power feed module 10; performing Jacobi iteration on the obtained hot-end temperature of the first power generation unit 111 included in each power generation unit group 11 located away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12; and obtaining the iteration error.

[0024] Before obtaining the estimated hot-end temperature of each non-first row of power generation cells 11 located away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12, it is necessary to obtain the hot-end temperature of the first power generation cells 111 included in each non-first row of power generation cells 11 located away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12 on the thermal energy feed module 10. Jacobian iteration is then performed on the obtained hot-end temperatures of the first power generation cells 111 included in each non-first row of power generation cells 11 located away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12. Subsequently, the convergence of the thermal energy recovery system 100 is judged, and the maximum error between two iterations is calculated to obtain the iteration error. Specifically, the hot-end temperatures of the multiple first power generation cells 111 included in the non-first row of power generation cells 111 located away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12 need to be estimated individually to improve estimation accuracy and reduce iteration error. Therefore, the obtained iteration error is more accurate, which helps to improve the accuracy of the calculated hot-end temperatures of the multiple first power generation cells 111 in the non-first row, and is beneficial to improving power generation.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method includes: stopping the iteration when the iteration error is less than a preset threshold; and obtaining the estimated temperature of the hot end of the first power generation cell 111.

[0026] In this application, after obtaining the iteration error, if the iteration error is less than a preset threshold, the heat recovery system 100 stops iterating. The temperature obtained at this time is the estimated hot-end temperature of the first power generation unit 111 at the current moment, thereby obtaining the estimated hot-end temperature of the non-first row of power generation units 11 that is far from the inlet 13 of the collector 12. Thus, by setting a preset threshold according to requirements, the iteration error is automatically stopped after meeting the corresponding conditions, so that the estimated hot-end temperature obtained based on the iteration error is more accurate.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the hot end temperature of the first power generation piece 111 included in each power generation piece group 11 of the thermal energy feeding module 10 away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12 is obtained by means of: forming a temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermal energy feeding module 10, and generating electricity by the power generation piece; obtaining the voltage of any second power generation piece 112 included in the power generation piece group 11 adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12; obtaining the voltage of the first power generation piece 111 included in the power generation piece group 11 away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12, which is located in the same direction as the second power generation piece 112 along the fluid flow direction.

[0028] In this application, utilizing the semiconductor properties of the thermoelectric material in the power generation cells, when a temperature difference is formed between the cold and hot ends of the thermal energy feeding module 10, the multiple power generation cells included in the power generation cell group 11 begin to operate, converting low-quality thermal energy into high-quality electrical energy. Optionally, both the hot and cold ends of the thermal energy feeding module 10 are jointly composed of the hot and cold ends of multiple power generation cells, and the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the power generation cells is the same as the temperature difference between the cold and hot ends of the thermal energy feeding module 10. After the power generation cell group 11 operates, the voltage of any second power generation cell 112 in the first row of power generation cell group 11 adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12 is obtained by the controller 22. The controller 22 acquires the voltage of the first power generation unit 111 in the non-first row of power generation units 11, which is located away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12 and is opposite to the second power generation unit 112 along the fluid flow direction. The fluid flow direction is... Figure 2 The first direction A is directed away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12, and the fluid can be high-temperature exhaust gas or coolant. For any natural number greater than 0, 1 ≤ ≤n. When =1, This represents the voltage of any generator in the first row and first column, and so on.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after obtaining the voltage of the first power generation piece 111 of the power generation piece group 11 located in the same direction as the second power generation piece 112 along the fluid flow direction, which is included in the power generation piece group 11 away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12, the method includes: obtaining the cold end temperature corresponding to the first power generation piece 111; obtaining the hot end temperature of the second power generation piece 112 corresponding to the power generation piece group 11 adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12; and obtaining the hot end temperature of the first power generation piece 111 corresponding to the second power generation piece 112 in a plurality of power generation piece groups 11 away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12.

[0030] After the controller 22 acquires the voltage of the first power generation cell 111 in the non-first row of power generation cells 11 that is opposite to the second power generation cell 112 along the fluid flow direction in the non-first row of power generation cells 11 away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12, it acquires the cold end temperature of the corresponding first power generation cell 111 through the flow meter in the cooling water tank 14. Subsequently, the hot end temperature of the second generator 112 in the first row of generator units 11, which is opposite to the first generator unit 111 in the non-first row of generator units 11 along the fluid flow direction, is obtained by means of temperature sensors or temperature estimation. Subsequently, the hot end temperature of the first power generation element 111 corresponding to the second power generation element 112 in multiple power generation element groups 11 located away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12 is obtained. .

[0031] Optionally, if temperature estimation is used, the voltage and current of each second generator 112 in the first row of generator fins 11 near the inlet 13 of the solar collector 12 can be collected first. Then, the power generation of each second generator 112 can be calculated based on the voltage and current of each second generator 112. After obtaining the cold end temperature of the second generator 112 in the first row of generator fins 11 near the inlet 13 of the solar collector 12 and the attribute parameters of the multiple second generator fins 112 in the first row of generator fins 11 near the inlet 13 of the solar collector 12, the hot end temperature of the multiple second generator fins 112 in the first row of generator fins 11 near the inlet 13 of the solar collector 12 at time tn and time t(n+1) can be calculated. Then, the hot end temperature error of each second generator fin 112 in the first row of generator fins 11 can be calculated. PID control can be used to reduce the estimated temperature error, thereby obtaining the hot end temperature of the second generator fin 112 in the first row of generator fins 11 near the inlet 13 of the solar collector 12 more accurately.

[0032] Optionally, the cold end temperature of the second generator 112 of the first generator array 11 can be obtained by a flow meter in the cooling water tank 14.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the hot end temperature of the first power generation cell 111 included in each power generation cell group 11 on the thermal power supply module 10 away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12 is obtained by: obtaining the fluid temperature adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12.

[0034] In this embodiment, to obtain the hot end temperature of the first power generating element 111 that is far from the inlet 13 of the collector 12, it is necessary to obtain the voltage of the second power generating element 112 that is adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12 and the voltage of the first power generating element 111 that is far from the inlet 13 of the collector 12, and also to combine the fluid temperature obtained at the inlet 13 of the collector 12 to calculate the hot end temperature of the first power generating element 111.

[0035] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for obtaining the iteration error includes: obtaining the voltage of any first power generation cell 111 in a plurality of power generation cell groups 11 that are far from the inlet 13 of the collector 12 and any second power generation cell 112 in a plurality of power generation cell groups 11 that are adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12. : ; Obtain the hot end temperature of other first generator cells 111 in multiple generator cell groups 11 located away from the inlet 13 of collector 12. : ,in The Seebeck coefficient of the generator cell; the hot-end temperature of the first generator cell 111 is obtained. : ,in k Let e ​​be the number of iterations; obtain the iteration error e: e = max| |, where e is the iteration error. Let t be the temperature of the hot end of the generator at iteration time t.

[0036] Before acquiring the iteration error, the controller 22 acquires the voltage of any first generator 111 in the non-first row of generator slabs 11 that is far from the inlet 13 of the collector 12 and any second generator 112 in the first row of generator slabs 11 that is adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12. Combining the formula, ,in, The parameter is the inverted voltage value of any generator, for example... =1, indicating the voltage of the generator at the first position in the nth column and the position in the mth row, then according to the formula This allows us to obtain the hot-end temperature of the first power generation element 111 corresponding to the second power generation element 112 in multiple power generation element groups 11 located away from the inlet 13 of the collector 12, and then obtain the hot-end temperature of the first power generation element 111. : Discretize the above equation, assume the initial state is the same for each iteration, and use the Jacobi iteration method to calculate the hot end temperature of the first generator 111 of the non-first row of generator 11 after t iterations: Where C and D are the system state equation matrices, and L is the first-order approximation of the Taylor expansion of the discrete coefficient matrix. Satisfy: 0≤ ≤t 1, Indicates the range from 0 to t The summation formula is used to calculate the number of times the summation occurs within time 1. Then, the convergence of the heat recovery system is assessed, and the maximum error e between two iterations is calculated: e = max| If the iteration error is less than a preset threshold, the heat recovery system 100 stops iterating. The temperature obtained at this time is the estimated hot-end temperature of the first power generation unit 111 at the current moment, thereby obtaining the estimated hot-end temperature of the non-first row of power generation units 11 that are far from the inlet 13 of the collector 12. The estimated hot-end temperatures of multiple non-first rows of first power generation units 111 can be calculated sequentially.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after obtaining the estimated hot-end temperature of different power generation cell groups 11, the method includes: calculating the total internal resistance of the power generation cell group 11.

[0038] The estimated hot-end temperature of the first generator cells 111 in multiple non-first-row generator cell groups 11 is obtained by iterative method, thereby obtaining the estimated hot-end temperature of each generator cell group 11. Combined with the cold-end temperatures of the first and non-first-row generator cell groups 11, the target power P of the corresponding generator cell group 11 can be calculated. Since the generator cells in each generator cell group 11 use a current acquisition module to collect series current, combined with... , Given the load resistance value, the total internal resistance of the corresponding generator cells in generator cell group 11 under that temperature difference can be calculated. .

[0039] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after calculating the target power and before adjusting the load resistance of different generator sets 11, the method includes: obtaining the current of the generators included in the generator set 11; and obtaining the total internal resistance value of each generator set 11.

[0040] After calculating the target power P of the corresponding generator set 11 by combining the cold end temperatures of the first and non-first generator set 11, the total internal resistance of the generators in the corresponding generator set 11 under that temperature difference is then calculated. ,when = At this time, the output power of the heat recovery system 100 is at its maximum, and the controller 22 adjusts the load resistance value of each generator set 11. This ensures that the load resistance value of each generator set 11 is close to the total internal resistance value of the generators in that generator set 11. This maximizes the output power of each generator set 11.

[0041] According to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention, a heat recovery system 100 for a vehicle employs the control method of any of the above embodiments of the heat recovery system 100, such as... Figures 2-4As shown, the heat recovery system 100 for a vehicle includes: an engine 20, a cooling system 21, a heat energy feeding module 10, a controller 22, and a regulating module 23. The engine 20 has an exhaust port. The cooling system 21 is connected to the engine 20. The heat energy feeding module 10 includes a collector 12, multiple generator sets 11, and a cooling water tank 14. The multiple generator sets 11 are located between the cooling water tank 14 and the collector 12. The collector 12 has an inlet 13, which is connected to the exhaust port to provide a hot end temperature for the generators. The cooling water tank 14 is connected to the cooling system 21 to provide a cold end temperature for the generators. The controller 22 is electrically connected to the heat energy feeding module 10. The regulating module 23 is electrically connected to the controller 22 to store the electricity generated by the heat energy feeding module 10 in a battery 24.

[0042] The heat recovery system 100 is suitable for recovering and reusing some of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the engine 20, and the heat collector 12 along... Figure 2 An inlet 13 is formed at one end of the first direction A, and the inlet 13 is connected to the exhaust port of the engine 20. The cooling water tank 14 is located along the heat collector 12. Figure 2 On both sides of the second direction B, and between the solar collector 12 and the cooling water tank 14, multiple power generation unit groups 11 are arranged. Each power generation unit group 11 includes multiple power generation units. Utilizing the semiconductor characteristics of the thermoelectric materials in the power generation units and the Seebeck effect, the heat energy generated by the temperature difference between the two ends is converted into electrical energy, realizing waste heat recovery. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated when the vehicle engine 20 is working can enter the solar collector 12 through the inlet 13. The exhaust temperature is transferred to the solar collector 12 through heat conduction, providing a hot-end temperature for the power generation units. Cooling water flows through the cooling water tank 14 to provide a cold-end temperature for the power generation units. The controller 22 regulates and controls the thermal energy feed module 10 to generate electricity. The electricity generated by the thermal energy feed module 10 is stored in the battery 24 after being regulated by the regulating module 23. The controller 22 supplies the electrical energy to a series of electrical equipment such as the cooling system 21. The regulating module 23 is a DC / DC regulating module.

[0043] Optionally, combined Figure 4The heat recovery system 100 has a first path 30, a second path 31, and a third path 33. The first path 30 is the flow path for high-temperature exhaust gas in the heat recovery system 100. At least part of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated when the vehicle engine 20 is working enters the collector 12 through the inlet 13. The high-temperature exhaust gas exchanges heat with the generator and is discharged from the collector 12. The second path 31 is the flow path for coolant in the heat recovery system 100. The coolant flows along the cooling pipe through the engine 20 and the heat energy feeding module 10 to cool down and then returns to the cooling system 21. The coolant exchanges heat with the generator. The third path 33 is the flow path for electrical energy generated by the heat energy feeding module 10. The controller 22 regulates the heat energy feeding module 10 to generate electricity. The electricity generated by the heat energy feeding module 10 is stored in the battery 24 after being regulated by the regulating module 23. The controller 22 controls the battery 24 to supply electrical energy to a series of electrical equipment such as the cooling system 21.

[0044] Because the temperature of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe of the vehicle engine 20 decreases with the length of the pipe, the temperature distribution at the hot end is uneven. Adding baffles to the collector 12 can make the temperature inside the collector 12 more uniform, but it will affect the exhaust back pressure. Therefore, the effect of using baffles is limited. To improve the power generation of the vehicle's heat recovery system 100, the power generation cells can be divided into multiple power generation cell groups 11 in series and parallel according to the temperature distribution of the hot end structure. However, since the number of power generation cell groups 11 may vary depending on the temperature distribution, the control is more complex. To solve this problem, the power generation status of the first cell in a non-first row of power generation cell groups 11 is compared with the power generation status of a single cell in the first row of power generation cell groups 11. The hot end temperature of each power generation cell group 11 is estimated by iterative method, and the total internal resistance of each power generation cell group 11 under this temperature difference is calculated. At this time, the controller 22 adjusts the load resistance of each power generation cell group 11 to make it close to the total internal resistance of the corresponding power generation cell group 11, so that the heat recovery system 100 can recover and generate electricity at maximum power.

[0045] In this application, when a temperature difference is formed between the two ends of the power generation unit in the thermal energy feeding module 10, the power generation unit starts to work and generate electricity. At this time, the controller 22 acquires the voltage of any first power generation unit 111 in the non-first row of power generation unit groups 11 that is far from the inlet 13 of the collector 12, and acquires the voltage of any second power generation unit 112 in the first row of power generation unit groups 11 that is adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12. That is, it acquires the voltage of any first power generation unit 111 in the non-first row of power generation unit groups 11 and any second power generation unit 112 in the first row of power generation unit groups 11. At the same time, it acquires the fluid temperature adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12. Then, it obtains the hot end temperature of the first row of power generation unit groups 11 adjacent to the inlet 13 of the collector 12 through temperature sensors or other methods such as temperature estimation, and then calculates the temperature according to the formula. The hot-end temperature of the first generator 111 in each non-first row generator group 11 is obtained, and the hot-end temperature of the first generator 111 in each non-first row generator group 11 is obtained by Jacobian iteration to obtain the hot-end temperature of the first generator 111 in each non-first row generator group 11 at time t. The maximum error between two iterations is calculated to obtain the iteration error. It is then determined whether the iteration error is less than a preset threshold. If the iteration error is less than the preset threshold, the heat recovery system 100 stops iterating. The temperature obtained at this time is the estimated hot end temperature of the first generator 111 of the non-first row generator group 11 at the current moment. Thus, the estimated hot end temperature of each generator group 11 is obtained, which means the estimated hot end temperature of different generator groups 11 is obtained. Subsequently, combined with the cold end temperature of the first row generator group 11 and the non-first row generator group 11, the target power P is calculated. The controller 22 adjusts the load resistance value of the generators in different generator groups 11 in real time, so that the load resistance value of each generator group 11 is close to the calculated total internal resistance value of the corresponding generator group 11. This enables the heat recovery system 100 to output maximum power, realizes single control and advance adjustment of generator group 11, improves the power generation, response time and control accuracy of the heat recovery system 100, enables the heat recovery system 100 to generate electricity with optimal power, and improves the reliability of the heat recovery system 100.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] In the description of this invention, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more. In the description of this invention, "above" or "below" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or it may include contact between the first and second features not being in direct contact but through another feature between them. In the description of this invention, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0048] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control method for a heat recovery system (100), characterized in that, include: The estimated hot-end temperature of different generator sets (11) was obtained; The target power is calculated; Adjust the load resistance values ​​of the different generator sets (11) to the total internal resistance value; The heat recovery system (100) outputs maximum power.

2. The control method for the heat recovery system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the estimated hot-end temperature of different power generation cell groups (11) includes: The hot end temperature of the first power generation cell (111) of each power generation cell group (11) on the thermal energy feed module (10) that is far from the inlet (13) of the collector (12) is obtained; Jacobi iteration is performed on the hot end temperature of the first power generation cell (111) of each power generation cell group (11) located away from the inlet (13) of the collector (12); Obtain the iteration error.

3. The control method for the heat recovery system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The methods include: If the iteration error is less than a preset threshold, the iteration stops. The estimated temperature of the hot end of the first power generation cell (111) is obtained.

4. The control method for the heat recovery system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the hot end temperature of the first power generation cell (111) of each power generation cell group (11) on the thermal energy feed module (10) away from the inlet (13) of the collector (12) includes: The hot end and cold end of the thermal energy feeding module (10) form a temperature difference, and the power generation cell generates electricity; Obtain the voltage of any second power generation cell (112) included in the power generation cell group (11) adjacent to the inlet (13) of the collector (12); Obtain the voltage of the first power generation cell (111) of the power generation cell group (11) located in the same direction as the second power generation cell (112) along the fluid flow direction, which is located away from the inlet (13) of the collector (12).

5. The control method for the heat recovery system (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, After obtaining the voltage of the first power generation cell (111) of the power generation cell group (11) located in the same direction as the second power generation cell (112) along the fluid flow direction, which is part of the power generation cell group (11) away from the inlet (13) of the collector (12), the method includes: Obtain the cold end temperature of the first power generation cell (111); Obtain the hot end temperature of the second power generation cell (112) corresponding to the power generation cell group (11) adjacent to the inlet (13) of the collector (12); Obtain the hot end temperature of the first power generation piece (111) corresponding to the second power generation piece (112) in a plurality of power generation piece groups (11) that are far from the inlet (13) of the collector (12).

6. The control method for the heat recovery system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the hot end temperature of the first power generation cell (111) of each power generation cell group (11) on the thermal energy feed module (10) away from the inlet (13) of the collector (12) includes: Obtain the fluid temperature near the inlet (13) of the solar collector (12).

7. The control method for the heat recovery system (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the iteration error includes: Obtain the voltage of any first power generation cell (111) in any of the plurality of power generation cell groups (11) located away from the inlet (13) of the collector (12) and any second power generation cell (112) in any of the plurality of power generation cell groups (11) located adjacent to the inlet (13) of the collector (12). : ; Obtain the hot end temperature of the other first power generating cells (111) in the plurality of power generating cell groups (11) located away from the inlet (13) of the collector (12). : ,in The Seebeck coefficient of the generator sheet; Obtain the hot end temperature of the first power generation cell (111) : ,in k This represents the number of iterations. Obtain the iteration error e: e = max| |, where e is the iteration error. Let t be the temperature of the hot end of the generator at iteration time t.

8. The control method for the heat recovery system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the estimated hot-end temperature of different power generation cell groups (11), the method includes: The hot-end temperature of the first power generation cell (111) included in multiple power generation cell groups (11) is estimated by an iterative method; Calculate the internal resistance of the plurality of the power generation units (11).

9. The control method for the heat recovery system (100) according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, After the target power is calculated, and before adjusting the load resistance of the different generator sets (11), the method includes: Obtain the current of the generator cells included in the generator cell group (11); Obtain the total internal resistance value of each generator set (11).

10. A heat recovery system (100) for a vehicle, employing the control method of the heat recovery system (100) according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: An engine (20) having an exhaust port; A cooling system (21) is connected to the engine (20); A thermal energy feeding module (10) includes a collector (12), multiple generator sets (11) and a cooling water tank (14). The multiple generator sets (11) are located between the cooling water tank (14) and the collector (12). The collector (12) has an inlet (13) which is connected to the exhaust port to provide a hot end temperature for the generator. The cooling water tank (14) is connected to the cooling system (21) to provide a cold end temperature for the generator. The controller (22) is electrically connected to the thermal power supply module (10); The regulating module (23) is electrically connected to the controller (22) so that the electricity generated by the thermal energy feeding module (10) is stored in the battery (24).

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