A variable compression ratio piston and engine

Abstract

This invention provides a variable compression ratio piston and engine, relating to the field of engine technology. The piston body adjusts the compression ratio via a connecting rod mechanism and an adjusting mechanism. Specifically, the driving end of the adjusting mechanism can adjust the position of the actuator, driving a sliding pivot to rotate a rotating disk, thereby adjusting the top dead center position of the piston body in a first direction. The connecting rod mechanism in this invention includes a first connecting rod, a rotating disk, and a second connecting rod connected in sequence. This structure is simple and compact, effectively reducing the space required for assembly and lowering the requirements for assembly precision. Furthermore, based on the sliding pivot connection between the piston body, the connecting rod mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism, the burst pressure can be directly transmitted to the actuator (which is constrained by the cylinder block, essentially equivalent to direct transmission to the cylinder block) through the piston, the first connecting rod, and the rotating disk. This results in a short and direct force flow path and higher structural rigidity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engine technology, and in particular to a variable compression ratio piston and engine. Background Technology

[0002] Variable compression ratio technology is an important development direction in the engine field. Existing variable compression ratio technology mainly achieves this by changing the position of the piston's top dead center, thereby enabling the use of a low compression ratio under high load to prevent knocking, and a high compression ratio under low load to improve fuel economy.

[0003] Among existing variable compression ratio technologies, the most mature solution is Nissan's VC-T (Variable Compression Turbo) technology. This technology uses a multi-link mechanism, where a control arm with an eccentric shaft rotates to change the geometry of the multi-link, thereby altering the position of the piston's top dead center. While this solution achieves a change in compression ratio, it still has the following technical problems: First, the solution has a large number of components and a relatively complex structure, which requires high assembly precision and has a long force flow path. Secondly, the long eccentric shaft running through the bottom of the engine will occupy a large amount of crankcase space, which is not conducive to the overall weight reduction of the engine and the arrangement of the balance shaft. Third, the high pressure of the gas explosion acts directly on the eccentric shaft through the connecting rod, generating a large torque; correspondingly, the actuator needs to continuously output torque to maintain the position of the eccentric shaft, which places high demands on the torque and durability of the motor. Summary of the Invention In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a variable compression ratio piston and engine to solve the problems of complex structure, long power flow path, large space occupation, and high performance requirements of the existing Nissan VC-T technology.

[0004] In accordance with the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a variable compression ratio piston disposed within a cylinder, wherein the variable compression ratio piston comprises: The piston body is capable of reciprocating along the first direction; A linkage mechanism is hinged to the piston body; the linkage mechanism includes at least a first link, a rotating disk, and a second link that are hinged sequentially. An adjustment mechanism is formed with a drive end and an actuation end, and the rotating disk, the actuation end, and the piston body are movably connected by a sliding pivot; the cylinder body constrains the adjustment mechanism in the first direction. The drive end can adjust the position of the actuator end to drive the sliding pivot to rotate the rotating disk, thereby adjusting the top dead center position of the piston body in the first direction.

[0005] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism can drive the actuator to reciprocate along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction; When the actuator moves to the first state position, the rotating disk rotates forward to the first locking position, and the top dead center of the piston body is at the first limit position; when the actuator moves to the second state position, the rotating disk rotates in the reverse direction to the second locking position, and the top dead center of the piston body is at the second limit position.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a push rod, which includes a first rod body and a second rod body connected in sequence. The first rod body extends along the first direction, and the second rod body extends along the second direction, so that the push rod is formed into a T-shaped structure. The first rod body has an elongated hole that extends along the first direction to serve as the actuating end; the elongated hole is adapted to the sliding pivot.

[0007] Preferably, the piston body includes a column and a plate connected sequentially along the first direction, the plate including a main plate and a protruding plate, such that the plate is formed into a T-shaped structure; The protruding plate has an arc-shaped hole that corresponds to and is adapted to the sliding pivot; along the first direction, the first end of the arc-shaped hole is close to the column; along the second direction, the first end of the arc-shaped hole is close to the main board. When the piston body's top dead center is at the first limit position, the sliding pivot is located at the first end of the arc-shaped hole; when the piston body's top dead center is at the second limit position, the sliding pivot is located at the second end of the arc-shaped hole.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating disk has a first circular hole that corresponds to and is adapted to the sliding pivot; the sliding pivot passes through the first circular hole, the elongated hole, and the arc-shaped hole in sequence; the sliding pivot extends along a third direction; the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating disk further has a second circular hole and a third circular hole, the rotating disk being hinged to the first connecting rod through the second circular hole; the rotating disk being hinged to the second connecting rod through the third circular hole; the first circular hole, the second circular hole, and the third circular hole are distributed in a triangular shape; the first connecting rod is hinged to the column.

[0010] Preferably, the plate body is formed with a slide rail extending along the first direction, and a slider is correspondingly mounted on the slide rail; the slider is formed with a pin extending along the third direction, and the rotating disk is hinged to the pin through a fourth circular hole that is adapted to the pin.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a drive assembly, which includes a drive motor and a worm gear correspondingly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor; the worm gear extends along the second direction; The drive assembly further includes a drive shaft, on which a worm wheel meshes with the worm gear; a gear is also fitted on the drive shaft to serve as the drive end. The second rod has a recessed portion, and the recessed portion has a rack that meshes with the gear.

[0012] Preferably, the cylinder body has a limiting portion corresponding to the second rod body, so as to constrain the push rod in the first direction.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the invention, an engine is provided, wherein the engine includes a variable compression ratio piston as described above; the engine further includes a crankshaft, and a second connecting rod is correspondingly hinged to the crankshaft.

[0014] According to the variable compression ratio piston and engine of the present invention, the piston body achieves compression ratio adjustment through a linkage mechanism and an adjustment mechanism. That is, the driving end of the adjustment mechanism can drive the sliding pivot to rotate the rotating disk by adjusting the position of the actuator end, so as to adjust the top dead center position of the piston body in the first direction. The linkage mechanism of the present invention includes a first connecting rod, a rotating disk and a second connecting rod that are hinged in sequence. The structure is simple and compact, thereby effectively reducing the space required for assembly and reducing the requirements for assembly accuracy. In addition, based on the sliding pivot connection between the piston body, the linkage mechanism and the adjustment mechanism, the burst pressure can be directly transmitted to the actuator end through the piston, the first connecting rod and the rotating disk (the actuator end is constrained by the cylinder body, which is essentially equivalent to direct transmission to the cylinder body). The force flow path is short and direct, and the structural rigidity is higher. In addition, the actuator in this invention can only be driven by the drive end, that is, the power transmission in the adjustment mechanism is unidirectional. Under high pressure conditions, the high pressure cannot drive the actuator in reverse. The drive end only works when the compression ratio needs to be changed, which greatly reduces the performance requirements of the drive end (which can also be regarded as the drive motor).

[0015] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a variable compression ratio piston according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an explosion diagram of a variable compression ratio piston according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the piston body and the connecting rod mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the piston body when the top dead center is at the first extreme position according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the piston body when the top dead center is in the second extreme position according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial schematic diagram of an engine from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Icons: 1-Piston body; 11-Column; 111-Fixed shaft; 12-Plate body; 121-Slide rail; 122-Arc-shaped hole; 21-First connecting rod; 22-Rotating disk; 221-First circular hole; 222-Second circular hole; 223-Third circular hole; 224-Fourth circular hole; 23-Second connecting rod; 3-Slider; 41-Push rod; 411-Oblong hole; 412-Rack; 42-Drive motor; 43-Worm; 44-Transmission shaft; 441-Worm wheel; 442-Gear; 5-Cylinder body; 51-Limiting part. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following detailed embodiments are provided to help the reader gain a comprehensive understanding of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of this application. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to the order set forth herein; changes that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of this application are possible, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0020] The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided merely to illustrate some of the many feasible ways of implementing the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein that will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application.

[0021] Throughout the specification, when an element (such as a layer, region, or substrate) is described as being "on" another element, "connected to" another element, "bonded to" another element, "on" another element, or "covering" another element, it may be directly "on" another element, "connected to" another element, "bonded to" another element, "on" another element, or "covering" another element, or there may be one or more other elements in between. In contrast, when an element is described as being "directly on" another element, "directly connected to" another element, "directly bonded to" another element, "directly on" another element, or "directly covering" another element, there may be no other elements in between.

[0022] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one of the relevant items listed and any combination of any two or more items.

[0023] Although terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used herein to describe individual components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts, these components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts are not limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one component, assembly, region, layer, or part from another. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, the first component, assembly, region, layer, or part referred to as the second component, assembly, region, layer, or part may also be referred to as the second component, assembly, region, layer, or part.

[0024] For ease of description, spatial relation terms such as “above,” “upper,” “below,” and “lower” are used herein to describe the relationship between one element and another, as shown in the accompanying drawings. Such spatial relation terms are intended to include not only the orientation depicted in the drawings but also different orientations of the device during use or operation. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, an element described as being “above” or “upper” relative to another element will subsequently be “below” or “lower” relative to that other element. Therefore, the term “above” includes both “above” and “below” orientations depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be positioned in other ways (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relation terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0025] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” enumerate the stated features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof.

[0026] Variations in the shapes shown in the accompanying drawings may occur due to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes shown in the accompanying drawings, but include changes in shape that may occur during manufacturing.

[0027] The features of the examples described herein can be combined in various ways that will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application. Furthermore, although the examples described herein have a wide variety of constructions, other constructions are possible, as will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application.

[0028] According to a first aspect of the invention, a variable compression ratio piston is provided, which can be correspondingly disposed within the cylinder block 5 of an engine. For example... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the variable compression ratio piston in this embodiment includes a piston body 1, a connecting rod mechanism, and an adjusting mechanism. The adjusting mechanism has a driving end and an actuating end, so that the driving end can drive the rotating disk 22 to rotate accordingly by adjusting the position of the actuating end, thereby adjusting the top dead center position of the piston body 1 in the first direction. The connection relationships and motion relationships of the various mechanisms of the variable compression ratio piston according to the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0029] In this embodiment, the piston body 1 is set to reciprocate along a first direction (i.e. Figures 4 to 5 The reciprocating motion of piston 1 (in the vertical direction) is a fixed characteristic of the engine, and its function and purpose will not be elaborated further. Figures 2 to 3 As shown, the piston body 1 in this embodiment includes a column 11 and a plate 12 connected sequentially along a first direction, which is the axial direction of the main body. The plate 12 includes a main plate and a protruding plate, so that the plate 12 is formed into a T-shaped structure. Further, a receiving cavity is formed at the bottom of the column 11, and a fixed shaft 111 extending along the first radial direction of the column 11 (this radial direction is essentially the third direction described below) is provided on the inner wall of the receiving cavity. The first end of the main plate extends into the receiving cavity and is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the fixed shaft 111. Further, a slide rail 121 is formed on the end face of the main plate along the first radial direction of the column 11. The slide rail 121 extends along the first direction and is correspondingly equipped with a slider 3, that is, the slider 3 and the slide rail 121 can slide relative to each other in the first direction.

[0030] In addition, such as Figures 2 to 3 As shown, the protruding plate and the main plate are distributed along the second radial direction of the column 11 (this radial direction is essentially the second direction described below), and the protruding plate forms a through arc-shaped hole 122. The arc-shaped hole 122 has a first end and a second end, defined as follows: along the first direction, the first end of the arc-shaped hole 122 (relative to its second end) is closer to the column 11, and along the second direction, the first end of the arc-shaped hole 122 (relative to its second end) is closer to the main plate.

[0031] In this embodiment, the piston body 1 is also connected to a connecting rod mechanism, so that the piston body 1 can be correspondingly connected to the crankshaft of the engine through the connecting rod mechanism. Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the linkage mechanism includes a first link 21, a rotating disk 22, and a second link 23 that are sequentially hinged. Specifically, the first link 21 is formed into an elongated structure, with its first end sleeved on the outer side of the fixed shaft 111 and rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 111 to achieve the hinge connection between the first link 21 and the piston body 1. The second end of the first link 21 is correspondingly hinged to the rotating disk 22. Similarly, the second link 23 is also formed into an elongated structure, with its first end correspondingly hinged to the rotating disk 22 and its second end correspondingly hinged to the crankshaft.

[0032] More specifically, in this embodiment, the rotating disk 22 is formed as a triangular plate-like structure, with a first circular hole 221, a second circular hole 222, and a third circular hole 223 formed at its three vertices. The first circular hole 221 is movably connected to the aforementioned arc-shaped hole 122 of the piston body 1 and the actuator end of the drive mechanism via a sliding pivot, so as to adjust the position of the top dead center of the piston body 1. The second circular hole 222 is hinged to the second end of the first connecting rod 21 via a pin, and the third circular hole 223 is also hinged to the first end of the second connecting rod 23 via a pin. In addition, the rotating disk 22 also forms a fourth circular hole 224, which is also hinged to the aforementioned slider 3 via a pin.

[0033] In other words, the rotating disk 22 in this embodiment actually has four connection points. Its connection points with the first connecting rod 21 and the second connecting rod are all single hinge structures, thus ensuring the rigidity and efficiency of the power transmission path. The connection point between the rotating disk 22 and the slider 3 forms a compound kinematic pair, meaning the slider 3 can drive the rotating disk 22 to slide relative to the piston body 1, and the rotating disk 22 can also rotate relative to the slider 3. This decouples the rotation of the rotating disk 22 from the linear motion of the piston body 1 to avoid motion interference and compensate for deviations in the motion trajectory. Similarly, the connection point between the rotating disk 22 and the arc-shaped hole 122 of the piston body 1 and the actuating end also forms a compound kinematic pair.

[0034] The adjustment mechanism in this embodiment includes a push rod 41, which comprises a first rod body and a second rod body connected in sequence. The first rod body extends along a first direction, and the second rod body extends along a second direction (i.e., ...). Figures 4 to 5 The first rod body extends horizontally (in the first direction) to form a T-shaped structure; the first rod body has an elongated hole 411, which extends along the first direction to serve as the actuating end; the elongated hole 411, the arc-shaped hole 122 and the first circular hole 221 are all adapted to the sliding pivot, which extends along the third direction and passes through the first circular hole 221, the elongated hole 411 and the arc-shaped hole 122 in sequence (i.e., the rotating disk 22, the push rod 41 and the piston body 1 are arranged in sequence along the third direction); the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0035] Thus, at the connection point between the rotating disk 22 and the piston body 1 and the actuator end, the rotating disk 22 can rotate relative to the sliding pivot. The sliding pivot can slide in the arc-shaped hole 122 of the piston body 1 and the elongated hole 411 of the push rod 41 (sliding while rotating), forming a compound kinematic pair. Through this compound kinematic pair, the position of the top dead center of the piston body 1 can be adjusted and locked after adjustment. Figure 4 As shown, when it is necessary to adjust the engine to a high compression ratio state, the actuator (to the right) moves to the first state position. At this time, the rotating disk 22 is driven to the forward direction. Figure 4 The rotating disc 22 rotates clockwise and the first connecting rod 21 moves synchronously, so that the connection point between the rotating disc 22 and the first connecting rod 21 is at the highest point in the first direction (i.e., the rotating disc 22 is in the first locked position). At this time, the sliding pivot is located at the first end of the arc-shaped hole 122, and the top dead center of the piston body 1 is at its highest point in the first direction, i.e., the engine has a high compression ratio.

[0036] Similarly, when it is necessary to adjust the engine to a low compression ratio, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the actuator (to the left) moves to the second state position. At this time, the rotating disk 22 is driven to reverse ( Figure 5 The rotating disc 22 rotates counterclockwise and the first connecting rod 21 moves synchronously, so that the connection point between the rotating disc 22 and the first connecting rod 21 is at the lowest point in the first direction (i.e., the rotating disc 22 is in the second locked position). At this time, the sliding pivot is located at the second end of the arc-shaped hole 122, and the top dead center of the piston body 1 is at its lowest height in the first direction, i.e., the engine has a low compression ratio.

[0037] It should be noted that in this structure, the position of the top dead center is determined by the geometric dimensions of the rotating disk 22, the lengths of the first connecting rod 21 and the second connecting rod 23, and the extension length of the push rod 41. The variable is the extension length of the push rod 41 (in the second direction). When the push rod 41 (in the second direction) is locked, the top dead center of the piston body 1 is locked. That is to say, the first and second locking positions mentioned above essentially mean that in this state, the top dead center position of the piston body 1 is locked, but the three degrees of freedom of rotation, sliding, and oscillation are still retained at the connection point between the rotating disk 22 and the piston body 1 and the actuator. Based on this, combined with the kinematic pairs at the other connection points of the rotating disk 22, the piston body 1 and the entire connecting rod mechanism can operate normally.

[0038] Preferably, needle roller bearings are provided at each of the above-mentioned rotating connection positions to reduce friction loss.

[0039] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism further includes a drive component, such as... Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the drive assembly includes a drive motor 42 and a worm gear 43 correspondingly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 42; the worm gear 43 extends along a second direction; the drive assembly also includes a transmission shaft 44, on which a worm wheel 441 meshes with the worm gear 43; a gear 442 is also fitted on the transmission shaft 44 as the drive end; a second rod body has a recessed portion, and a rack 412 meshes with the gear 442. Thus, the drive assembly can drive the push rod 41 to reciprocate along the second direction to adjust the compression ratio. Based on the unique reverse self-locking characteristics of the worm wheel 441 and worm gear 43, under high-pressure conditions, the high pressure cannot reverse the drive end, and the drive motor 42 can only operate when the compression ratio needs to be changed (it can remain de-energized at other times), significantly reducing the performance requirements of the drive motor 42.

[0040] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cylinder block 5 of the engine has a limiting part 51 corresponding to the second rod, which can constrain the push rod 41 in the first direction. That is, the push rod 41 only has the degree of freedom in the second direction, which effectively ensures the stable adjustment of the compression ratio. Furthermore, based on the structural cooperation between the limiting part 51 of the cylinder block 5 and the push rod 41, the burst pressure can be directly transmitted to the cylinder block 5 through the piston, the first connecting rod 21, and the rotating disk 22. The force flow path is short and direct, and the structural rigidity is higher.

[0041] According to the variable compression ratio piston and engine of the present invention as described above, the piston body 1 achieves compression ratio adjustment through a linkage mechanism and an adjustment mechanism. That is, the driving end in the adjustment mechanism can drive the sliding pivot to rotate the rotating disk 22 by adjusting the position of the actuator end, so as to adjust the top dead center position of the piston body 1 in the first direction. The linkage mechanism in the present invention includes a first connecting rod 21, a rotating disk 22 and a second connecting rod 23 that are hinged in sequence. The structure is simple and compact, thereby effectively reducing the space required for assembly and reducing the requirements for assembly accuracy. In addition, based on the sliding pivot connection between the piston body 1, the linkage mechanism and the adjustment mechanism, the burst pressure can be directly transmitted to the actuator end through the piston, the first connecting rod 21 and the rotating disk 22 (the actuator end is constrained by the cylinder body 5, which is essentially equivalent to direct transmission to the cylinder body 5). The force flow path is short and direct, and the structural rigidity is higher. In addition, the actuator in this invention can only be driven by the drive end, that is, the power transmission in the adjustment mechanism is unidirectional. Under high pressure conditions, the high pressure cannot drive the actuator in reverse. The drive end only works when the compression ratio needs to be changed, which greatly reduces the performance requirements of the drive end (which can also be regarded as the drive motor 42).

[0042] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an engine is provided, comprising a variable compression ratio piston as described above; based on the engine's performance, the engine can be provided with a plurality of piston bodies 1, such as... Figures 6 to 7 As shown, each piston body 1 is equipped with a connecting rod mechanism and a push rod 41. To save space and improve the controllability of the mechanism, multiple piston bodies 1 can be driven by a single drive assembly, as shown in the figure, by mounting multiple gears 442 on a transmission shaft 44. The engine also includes a crankshaft, with each second connecting rod 23 hinged to the crankshaft.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the technical scope disclosed in this application. Such modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be defined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A variable compression ratio piston, disposed within a cylinder, characterized in that, The variable compression ratio piston includes: The piston body is capable of reciprocating along the first direction; A linkage mechanism is hinged to the piston body; the linkage mechanism includes at least a first link, a rotating disk, and a second link that are hinged sequentially. An adjustment mechanism is formed with a drive end and an actuation end, and the rotating disk, the actuation end, and the piston body are movably connected by a sliding pivot; the cylinder body constrains the adjustment mechanism in the first direction. The drive end can adjust the position of the actuator end to drive the sliding pivot to rotate the rotating disk, thereby adjusting the top dead center position of the piston body in the first direction.

2. The variable compression ratio piston according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism can drive the actuator to reciprocate along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. When the actuator moves to the first state position, the rotating disk rotates forward to the first locking position, and the top dead center of the piston body is at the first limit position; when the actuator moves to the second state position, the rotating disk rotates in the reverse direction to the second locking position, and the top dead center of the piston body is at the second limit position.

3. The variable compression ratio piston according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes a push rod, which includes a first rod body and a second rod body connected in sequence. The first rod body extends along the first direction, and the second rod body extends along the second direction, so that the push rod is formed into a T-shaped structure. The first rod body has an elongated hole that extends along the first direction to serve as the actuating end; the elongated hole is adapted to the sliding pivot.

4. The variable compression ratio piston according to claim 3, characterized in that, The piston body includes a column and a plate connected sequentially along the first direction. The plate includes a main plate and a protruding plate, such that the plate is formed into a T-shaped structure. The protruding plate has an arc-shaped hole, which is adapted to the sliding pivot; along the first direction, the first end of the arc-shaped hole is close to the column. Along the second direction, the first end of the arc-shaped hole is close to the motherboard; When the piston body's top dead center is at the first limit position, the sliding pivot is located at the first end of the arc-shaped hole; when the piston body's top dead center is at the second limit position, the sliding pivot is located at the second end of the arc-shaped hole.

5. The variable compression ratio piston according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating disk has a first circular hole that corresponds to and is adapted to the sliding pivot; the sliding pivot passes through the first circular hole, the elongated hole and the arc-shaped hole in sequence; the sliding pivot extends along a third direction; the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

6. The variable compression ratio piston according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotating disk also has a second circular hole and a third circular hole. The rotating disk is hinged to the first connecting rod through the second circular hole. The rotating disk is hinged to the second connecting rod through the third circular hole. The first circular hole, the second circular hole, and the third circular hole are distributed in a triangular shape. The first connecting rod is hinged to the column.

7. The variable compression ratio piston according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plate has a slide rail extending along the first direction, and a slider is correspondingly mounted on the slide rail; the slider has a pin extending along the third direction, and the rotating disk is hinged to the pin through a fourth circular hole that is adapted to the pin.

8. The variable compression ratio piston according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism further includes a drive assembly, which includes a drive motor and a worm gear correspondingly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor; the worm gear extends along the second direction. The drive assembly further includes a drive shaft, on which a worm wheel meshes with the worm gear; a gear is also fitted on the drive shaft to serve as the drive end. The second rod has a recessed portion, and the recessed portion has a rack that meshes with the gear.

9. The variable compression ratio piston according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cylinder body has a limiting portion corresponding to the second rod body, so as to constrain the push rod in the first direction.

10. An engine, characterized in that, The engine includes a variable compression ratio piston as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the engine also includes a crankshaft, wherein the second connecting rod is correspondingly hinged to the crankshaft.

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