A tooling and construction method for assembling offshore wind turbine blades

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of offshore wind turbine construction, and proposes an assembly fixture for offshore wind turbine rotor blades, including a fixture base. The fixture base is hollow inside and open at both ends. A transition flange is coaxially connected to the top of the inner cavity of the fixture base, and the transition flange is used to connect to a locking flange at the bottom of the rotor hub. Several long diagonal braces are welded to several connecting flanges corresponding to the rotor hub on the outer periphery of the fixture base. Two short diagonal braces are also welded to the outer periphery of the fixture base, and the two short diagonal braces are respectively located on opposite sides of a long diagonal brace and are symmetrically distributed about the corresponding long diagonal brace. The fixture base, the long diagonal braces, and the short diagonal braces are all welded and fixed to the deck. This application has the effect of improving the connection strength between the assembly fixture and the deck, and limiting the deformation and cracking at the connection between the assembly fixture and the deck during blade installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of offshore wind turbine construction, and in particular to an assembly tooling and construction method for offshore wind turbine blades. Background Technology

[0002] The impeller hub of an offshore wind turbine is the core component connecting the blades and the tower, such as... Figure 1 The impeller hub 1 has several connecting flanges 12 evenly distributed around its outer periphery for connecting blades, and a locking flange 11 at the bottom for fixing to the top of the tower. To ensure sealing performance, a sealing gasket is also fitted to the outer end of the locking flange 11.

[0003] Currently, during the assembly of offshore wind turbine blades, it is necessary to first weld assembly fixtures to support the hub on the deck of the construction vessel or in a designated area on the offshore platform. Then, the turbine hub is lifted onto the assembly fixture using lifting equipment, and the locking flange at the bottom of the hub is temporarily fixed to the assembly fixture. Finally, each blade is lifted and installed onto the corresponding connecting flange on the outer circumference of the hub. After the blades are assembled, the hub is lifted and installed onto the top of the tower.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, during the sequential installation of the blades, the weight of the wind turbine blades causes radial loads to be generated at the connection between the assembly tooling and the deck when the blades are installed to the hub. This prevents the welding points between the assembly tooling and the deck from being evenly stressed, easily leading to localized stress concentration in these areas. When the radial load acts on the weak points of the welding between the assembly tooling and the deck, it can easily cause deformation and cracking of the welding joints at the connection between the assembly tooling and the deck. In severe cases, it can directly cause the hub and the assembly tooling to overturn. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the connection strength between the assembly tooling and the deck and limit the cracking and deformation at the connection between the assembly tooling and the deck caused by the radial load of the wind turbine blades during the assembly of the impeller blades, this application provides an assembly tooling and construction method for offshore wind turbine blades.

[0006] This application provides a tooling and construction method for assembling offshore wind turbine blades, which adopts the following technical solution: A tooling for assembling offshore wind turbine blades includes a tooling base, which is hollow inside and open at both ends; a transition flange is coaxially connected to the top of the inner cavity of the tooling base, and the transition flange is used to connect to the locking flange at the bottom of the turbine hub. The tooling base has several long diagonal braces welded to several connecting flanges corresponding to the impeller hub on its outer periphery; the tooling base also has two short diagonal braces welded to its outer periphery, the two short diagonal braces being located on opposite sides of one of the long diagonal braces and symmetrically distributed about the corresponding long diagonal braces. The tooling base, the long diagonal brace, and the short diagonal brace are all welded and fixed to the deck; When the locking flange of the impeller hub is connected to the adapter flange at the top of the tooling base, several of the long diagonal braces are located below several connecting flanges of the impeller hub.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the contact area between the assembly tooling and the deck is increased by using long diagonal braces, thereby improving the overall connection strength between the assembly tooling and the deck. At the same time, the long diagonal braces and the impeller hub locking flange are located below the impeller hub connecting flange. When the blades are subsequently installed to the outer circumference of the impeller hub, the long diagonal braces can directly bear the radial load generated by the blades and distribute it to the deck, limiting the radial load concentration at the connection between the tooling base and the deck. With the setting of two short diagonal braces, when installing the first blade section, the blade is moved above the long diagonal braces with short diagonal braces on both sides, and then connected to the impeller hub connecting flange. The long diagonal braces, together with the two short diagonal braces, form a stable support structure, which is conducive to better transferring the radial load generated by the first blade section to the deck.

[0008] Preferably, the tooling base cavity is further provided with a support airbag, the support airbag is coaxially supported on the inner circumference of the adapter flange, and the top of the support airbag extends out of the adapter flange. When the locking flange of the impeller hub is connected to the adapter flange, the support airbag inflates and presses against the inner circumference of the adapter flange and the inner circumference of the locking flange.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the supporting airbag is inflated to form a ring support structure, which is used to radially support and limit the impeller hub. On the one hand, it can constrain the radial displacement of the hub, which is conducive to the impeller hub being more stably supported on the assembly fixture. On the other hand, it is conducive to dispersing the radial load generated by the subsequent installation of blades and limiting the radial load acting on the connection between the assembly fixture and the deck.

[0010] Preferably, the tooling base has a support seat corresponding to the support airbag in its inner cavity. The support seat includes a support plate and a support rod is vertically connected to the support plate. The support airbag is annular and is sleeved around the outer periphery of the support rod.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the support rod guides and limits the expansion of the support airbag, preventing radial displacement or tilting of the support airbag during inflation and ensuring that the support airbag accurately abuts against the inner circumference of the adapter flange and the locking flange; at the same time, the support plate can improve the overall support rigidity of the support airbag and limit the excessive vertical deformation of the support airbag due to the pressure of the wheel hub.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of connecting rods are welded to the outer periphery of the support plate, and the end of the connecting rod away from the support plate is welded and fixed to the inner periphery of the tooling base.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the support base is stably supported in the tooling base, which limits the displacement of the support base when the subsequent support airbag is subjected to force.

[0014] Preferably, the tooling base is provided with a plurality of limiting parts on its outer periphery, and the limiting parts are evenly distributed around the axial direction of the tooling base; The limiting part includes a limiting support, and a limiting cylinder is provided on the limiting support. The limiting cylinder is axially arranged towards the tooling base, and the piston rod end of the limiting cylinder is connected to a limiting block. When the locking flange of the impeller hub is connected to the adapter flange of the assembly fixture, the limiting cylinder drives the corresponding limiting block to abut against the outer periphery of the locking flange to temporarily limit the locking of the impeller hub.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting block is driven by the limiting cylinder to abut against the outer periphery of the locking flange of the impeller hub, so as to form a multi-point annular limiting constraint, which effectively restricts the displacement of the impeller hub during the docking process, ensures the precise docking of the transition flange and the locking flange, and at the same time helps to disperse the radial load acting on the assembly tooling during subsequent blade installation.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting part further includes a limiting base, the limiting base is located below the limiting support, and the limiting base is provided with a lifting cylinder for driving the limiting support to rise and fall. When the impeller hub is hoisted above the assembly fixture, the lifting cylinder drives the limiting support to move the limiting cylinder upward, so that the limiting block is opposite to the locking flange of the impeller hub. The limiting cylinder drives the corresponding limiting block to abut against the inner circumference of the locking flange of the impeller hub to position the impeller hub.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, during the wheel hub hoisting process, the lifting cylinder can first drive the limit support to raise the limit cylinder to the height corresponding to the locking flange, and then the limit cylinder can drive the limit block to abut and position the locking flange, which facilitates the position adjustment of the impeller hub and improves the docking efficiency between the impeller hub and the assembly tooling.

[0018] Preferably, the limiting block has a locking groove corresponding to the locking flange of the impeller hub, and the locking groove is used for the outer periphery of the locking flange to be engaged.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the limiting cylinder drives the limiting block to abut against the locking flange, the limiting block can be nested in the outer circumference of the locking flange through the snap-fit ​​groove, which helps to increase the contact area between the limiting block and the locking flange, and thus helps the limiting block to abut against the inner circumference of the locking flange more stably.

[0020] Preferably, a method for assembling offshore wind turbine blades, using the aforementioned offshore wind turbine blade assembly fixture, includes the following steps: S1: Assembly tooling installation: After hoisting the assembly tooling onto the deck of the assembled hull, weld and fix the tooling base, long diagonal brace and short diagonal brace to the deck. S2: Impeller hub hoisting: The impeller hub is hoisted onto the assembly fixture using hoisting equipment, so that the bottom locking flange of the impeller hub is aligned with the transition flange of the assembly fixture, and the long diagonal braces on the assembly fixture are positioned below the connecting flanges of the impeller hub. S3: Impeller hub fixing: Connect the adapter flange and the locking flange with bolts and nuts; S4: First blade installation: Hoist the first blade to the top of the long diagonal brace with short diagonal braces on both sides, and connect and fix the blade to the corresponding connecting flange on the impeller hub; S5: Remaining blade installation: Hoist the blades one by one onto the corresponding long diagonal brace of the assembly fixture, and connect and fix the blades to the connecting flange opposite the impeller hub.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when installing the impeller hub onto the assembly fixture, by positioning the long diagonal brace below the connecting flange corresponding to the impeller hub, the radial load generated during subsequent blade installation can be borne by the long diagonal brace located directly below the blade, effectively reducing the concentration of radial load at the connection between the assembly fixture and the deck.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By setting long diagonal braces on the outer periphery of the tooling base, it is beneficial to reinforce the connection between the assembly tooling and the deck. On the other hand, the long diagonal braces can bear the radial load generated during blade installation and distribute it to the deck, reducing the radial load concentration at the weld between the tooling base and the deck.

[0023] 2. By using long diagonal bracing and two short diagonal bracing to form a stable support structure, the eccentric load generated by the installation of the first blade section can be better transferred and distributed to the deck.

[0024] 3. By setting up the support airbag in the inner cavity of the tooling base, the expanded support airbag will support and limit the impeller hub installed on the assembly tooling. This helps to limit the displacement of the impeller hub when it is docked with the assembly tooling. At the same time, during the subsequent blade installation, the radial load generated during blade installation can be dispersed by the support airbag. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller hub used in this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram used in this application to illustrate the assembly tooling.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the tooling base used in this application.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram used in this application to illustrate the connection between the support airbag and the limiting support.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting part used in this application.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram used in this application to illustrate the installation of the impeller hub and assembly tooling.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Impeller hub; 11. Locking flange; 12. Connecting flange; 2. Tooling base; 20. Construction interface; 21. Adapter flange; 22. Long diagonal brace; 23. Short diagonal brace; 3. Support airbag; 31. Support plate; 311. Connecting rod; 32. Support rod; 4. Limiting part; 40. Limiting base; 401. Lifting cylinder; 41. Limiting support; 411. Limiting cylinder; 412. Limiting block. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 The impeller hub 1 is provided with a locking flange 11 at the bottom end, and three connecting flanges 12 for connecting blades are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the impeller hub 1.

[0034] This application discloses an assembly fixture and construction method for offshore wind turbine blades, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2The system includes a tooling base 2, which is hollow inside and open at both ends. A transition flange 21 is located at the top of the tooling base 2 and is coaxially welded to the top of the inner cavity of the tooling base 2. The transition flange 21 is used to connect to the locking flange 11 at the bottom of the impeller hub 1. Three long diagonal braces 22 are welded to the tooling base 2 at three connecting flanges 12 corresponding to the outer periphery of the impeller hub 1. The tooling base 2, the long diagonal braces 22, and the short diagonal braces 23 are all welded and fixed to the deck.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 When the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1 is connected to the transition flange 21 at the top of the tooling base 2, the overall position of the impeller hub 1 is adjusted so that the three long diagonal braces 22 on the outer periphery of the tooling base 2 are respectively located below the three connecting flanges 12 of the impeller hub 1. By using the long diagonal braces 22 to increase the contact area between the assembly tooling and the deck, the connection strength between the two is improved. At the same time, when the blades are subsequently installed to the connecting flanges 12, the long diagonal braces 22 can bear the radial load generated by the blade installation and distribute it to the deck, avoiding the radial load being concentrated at the connection between the tooling base 2 and the deck.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 Two short diagonal braces 23 are welded to the outer periphery of the tooling base 2. The two short diagonal braces 23 are located on opposite sides of a long diagonal brace 22 and are symmetrically distributed about the long diagonal brace 22. When installing the first blade section, the first blade section is moved above the long diagonal brace 22 with the short diagonal braces 23 distributed on both sides, and then the blade is connected to the connecting flange 12 corresponding to the impeller hub 1. The support structure formed by the two short diagonal braces 23 and the corresponding long diagonal brace 22 is used to better transfer and distribute the eccentric load generated during the installation of the first blade section to the deck.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 A construction interface 20 is provided on the outer periphery of the tooling base 2. The construction interface 20 is used for construction personnel to enter and exit the tooling base 2 in order to connect the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1 to the adapter flange 21 at the top of the tooling base 2.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3The tooling base 2 also has a supporting airbag 3 inside its cavity. The supporting airbag 3 is coaxially supported on the inner circumference of the transition flange 21, and the top of the supporting airbag 3 extends out of the transition flange 21. When the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1 is connected to the transition flange 21, the supporting airbag 3 inflates and presses against the inner circumference of the transition flange 21 and the inner circumference of the locking flange 11. Using the supporting airbag 3 to provide radial support and limit the impeller hub 1 helps to constrain the radial displacement of the impeller hub 1. At the same time, the supporting airbag 3 can disperse the radial load generated by the subsequent installation of blades, limiting the impact of the radial load on the connection between the assembly tooling and the deck.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The tooling base 2 has a support seat corresponding to the airbag 3 in its inner cavity. The support seat includes a support plate 31 coaxially supported in the inner cavity of the tooling base 2. Several connecting rods 311 are evenly welded to the outer periphery of the support plate 31. The end of the connecting rod 311 away from the support plate 31 is welded and fixed to the inner cavity of the tooling base 2, so as to stably support the support seat in the tooling base 2. A support rod 32 is coaxially welded on the support plate 31.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The support airbag 3 is annular and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the support rod 32. When the support airbag 3 is inflated, the support rod 32 and the support plate 31 can be used to guide and limit the expansion of the support airbag 3, ensuring that the support airbag 3 accurately abuts against the inner periphery of the adapter flange 21 and the locking flange 11. At the same time, the support seat can be used to increase the overall support rigidity of the support airbag 3 and limit the displacement and deformation of the support airbag 3 when it is subjected to force.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 Specifically, the tooling base 2 is supported by several limiting parts 4 on its outer periphery. The limiting parts 4 are evenly distributed around the axial direction of the tooling base 2. Each limiting part 4 includes a limiting base 40, which is welded and fixed to the deck. A limiting support 41 is supported above the limiting base 40. A lifting cylinder 401 for driving the limiting support 41 to rise and fall is provided on the limiting base 40. A limiting cylinder 411 is provided on the limiting support 41 and is fixed to the limiting support 41 by a fixing seat. The limiting cylinders 411 are all oriented towards the axial direction of the tooling base 2. The piston rod end of each limiting cylinder 411 is connected to a limiting block 412. The limiting block 412 has a snap-fit ​​groove corresponding to the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1. The snap-fit ​​groove is used for the outer periphery of the locking flange 11 to snap into.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6When the impeller hub 1 is hoisted above the assembly fixture, the lifting cylinder 401 drives the limiting support 41 to move the limiting cylinder 411 upward, so that the limiting block 412 at the piston rod end of the limiting cylinder 411 is aligned with the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1. Then, the limiting cylinder 411 drives the corresponding limiting block 412 to abut against the outer periphery of the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1 to position the impeller hub 1.

[0043] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 When the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1 is connected to the transition flange 21 of the assembly fixture, the lifting cylinder 401 drives the limiting support 41 to move the limiting cylinder 411 down to reset. The limiting cylinder 411 then drives the corresponding limiting block 412 to engage with the locking flange 11. The limiting blocks 412 of several limiting cylinders 411 provide circumferential limiting constraints on the impeller hub 1, effectively limiting the displacement of the impeller hub 1 during the connection process. This ensures the precise connection between the transition flange 21 and the locking flange 11. Furthermore, during subsequent blade installation, the radial load acting on the assembly fixture can be dispersed by the combination of several limiting blocks 412 abutting against the outer periphery of the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1. This reduces local stress concentration at the connection between the assembly fixture and the deck, improving the service life and safety of the assembly fixture.

[0044] A method for assembling offshore wind turbine blades, using the aforementioned offshore wind turbine blade assembly fixture, with reference to... Figures 1 to 6 This includes the following steps: S1: Assembly tooling installation: S1.1: The assembly tooling is hoisted onto the deck of the assembled hull using hoisting equipment; S1.2: Weld and fix the tooling base 2, long diagonal brace 22 and short diagonal brace 23 of the assembly tooling to the deck; after welding, inspect each weld point to ensure that the weld is continuous and without obvious defects; S1.3: Hoist each limiting part 4 to the outer periphery of the tooling base 2 of the assembly tooling, and adjust the position of the limiting part 4 with the help of the total station to ensure that each limiting cylinder 411 on the limiting part 4 is set towards the outer periphery of the tooling base 2. S1.4: Weld and fix the limiting base 40 of each limiting part 4 to the deck.

[0045] S2: Impeller hub 1 hoisting: Use hoisting equipment to hoist the impeller hub 1 onto the assembly fixture, so that the bottom locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1 aligns with the transition flange 21 of the assembly fixture; and ensure that the long diagonal braces 22 on the assembly fixture are positioned below the connecting flanges 12 of the impeller hub 1; the specific steps are as follows: S2.1: Coarse positioning of impeller hub 1: S2.1.1: The impeller hub 1 is initially lifted onto the assembly fixture using hoisting equipment, and the locking flange 11 at the bottom of the impeller hub 1 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the support airbag 3 of the assembly fixture. S2.1.2: By inflating the support airbag 3, the support airbag 3 expands and abuts against the inner circumference of the adapter flange 21 of the assembly tool and the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1. The expanded support airbag 3 drives the locking flange 21 to be initially aligned, thereby achieving the coarse positioning of the impeller hub 1.

[0046] S2.2: Precision positioning of impeller hub 1: S2.2.1: The lifting cylinder 401 of the limiting part 4 drives the limiting support 41 to move the limiting cylinder 411 upward until the limiting block 412 at the piston rod end of the limiting cylinder 411 is opposite to the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1. S2.2.2: The limiting cylinder 411 drives the limiting block 412 to abut against the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1 through the snap-fit ​​groove; while using the limiting blocks 412 of several limiting parts 4 to perform precise positioning of the locking flange 11, the limiting blocks 412 of several limiting parts 4 also achieve circumferential limiting constraint on the locking flange 11. S2.2.3: Release the gas inside the support airbag 3.

[0047] S2.3: Impeller hub 1 moves down into position: The impeller hub 1 continues to be lifted down by the hoisting equipment until the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1 abuts against the transition flange 21 of the assembly tooling. During this process, the lifting cylinder 401 of the limiting part 4 drives the limiting support 41 to move the limiting cylinder 411 down, so as to guide and limit the downward movement of the impeller hub 1.

[0048] S3: Impeller hub 1 fixing: The specific steps are as follows: S3.1: By inflating the support airbag 3, the support airbag 3 expands and abuts against the inner circumference of the adapter flange 21 of the assembly tooling and the locking flange 11 of the impeller hub 1; S3.2: Connect the adapter flange 21 and the locking flange 11 with bolts and nuts.

[0049] S4: First blade installation: The specific steps are as follows. S4.1: The first blade section is hoisted onto the long diagonal brace 22, which is equipped with short diagonal braces 23 on both sides, using hoisting equipment; S4.2: Connect and fix the blades to the corresponding connecting flanges 12 on the impeller hub 1.

[0050] S5: Installation of remaining blades: The specific steps are as follows: S5.1: The blade is hoisted onto the long diagonal brace 22 corresponding to the assembly fixture using hoisting equipment; S5.2: And connect and fix the blades to the connecting flange 12 opposite to the impeller hub 1; S5.3: Repeat steps S5.1 to S5.2 until the remaining blades are installed.

[0051] This implementation improves the connection strength between the assembly tooling and the deck by arranging several long diagonal braces 22 and short diagonal braces 23 on the outer periphery of the assembly tooling. At the same time, the support airbags 3 and limiting parts 4 arranged inside and outside the assembly tooling respectively provide auxiliary support and limit the impeller, effectively limiting the radial load generated during blade installation to be concentrated at the connection between the tooling base 2 and the deck, avoiding problems such as deformation and cracking at the connection between the assembly tooling and the deck, and improving the stability and safety of the impeller blade assembly process.

[0052] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A tooling for assembling offshore wind turbine blades, comprising a tooling base (2), wherein the tooling base (2) is hollow inside and open at both ends; a transition flange (21) is coaxially connected to the top of the inner cavity of the tooling base (2), the transition flange (21) being used to connect to a locking flange (11) at the bottom of the turbine hub (1); characterized in that: The tooling base (2) has several long diagonal bracing members (22) welded to several connecting flanges (12) of the impeller hub (1) on its outer periphery; the tooling base (2) also has two short diagonal bracing members (23) welded to its outer periphery, the two short diagonal bracing members (23) being located on opposite sides of one of the long diagonal bracing members (22) and symmetrically distributed about the corresponding long diagonal bracing member (22); The tooling base (2), the long diagonal brace (22), and the short diagonal brace (23) are all welded and fixed to the deck; When the locking flange (11) of the impeller hub (1) is connected to the adapter flange (21) at the top of the tooling base (2), a number of the long diagonal braces (22) are located below a number of connecting flanges (12) of the impeller hub (1).

2. The offshore wind turbine blade assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling base (2) is also provided with a support airbag (3) in its inner cavity. The support airbag (3) is coaxially supported on the inner circumference of the adapter flange (21), and the top of the support airbag (3) extends out of the adapter flange (21). When the locking flange (11) of the impeller hub (1) is connected to the transition flange (21), the support airbag (3) is inflated and pressed against the inner circumference of the transition flange (21) and the inner circumference of the locking flange (11).

3. The offshore wind turbine blade assembly fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooling base (2) has a support seat in the inner cavity corresponding to the support airbag (3). The support seat includes a support plate (31) and a support rod (32) is vertically connected to the support plate (31). The support airbag (3) is annular and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the support rod (32).

4. The offshore wind turbine blade assembly fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting rods (311) are welded to the outer periphery of the support plate (31), and one end of the connecting rod (311) away from the support plate (31) is welded and fixed to the inner periphery of the tooling base (2).

5. The offshore wind turbine blade assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling base (2) is provided with a plurality of limiting parts (4) on its outer periphery, and the limiting parts (4) are evenly distributed around the tooling base (2) along its axial direction. The limiting part (4) includes a limiting support (41), and a limiting cylinder (411) is provided on the limiting support (41). The limiting cylinder (411) is axially arranged towards the tooling base (2), and the piston rod end of the limiting cylinder (411) is connected to a limiting block (412). When the locking flange (11) of the impeller hub (1) is connected to the transition flange (21) of the assembly fixture, the limiting cylinder (411) drives the corresponding limiting block (412) to abut against the outer periphery of the locking flange (11) to temporarily limit the locking of the impeller hub (1).

6. The offshore wind turbine blade assembly fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting part (4) also includes a limiting base (40), which is located below the limiting support (41). The limiting base (40) is provided with a lifting cylinder (401) for driving the limiting support (41) to rise and fall. When the impeller hub (1) is hoisted above the assembly fixture, the lifting cylinder (401) drives the limiting support (41) to move the limiting cylinder (411) upward so that the limiting block (412) is opposite to the locking flange (11) of the impeller hub (1). The limiting cylinder (411) drives the corresponding limiting block (412) to abut against the inner circumference of the locking flange (11) of the impeller hub (1) to position the impeller hub (1).

7. The offshore wind turbine blade assembly fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting block (412) has a snap-fit ​​groove on the locking flange (11) of the impeller hub (1), and the snap-fit ​​groove is used for the outer periphery of the locking flange (11) to snap into.

8. A method for assembling offshore wind turbine blades, using the offshore wind turbine blade assembly fixture described in any one of 1 to 7 above, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Assembly tooling installation: After hoisting the assembly tooling onto the deck of the assembled hull, weld and fix the tooling base (2), long diagonal brace (22) and short diagonal brace (23) of the assembly tooling to the deck. S2: Impeller hub (1) hoisting: The impeller hub (1) is hoisted onto the assembly fixture using hoisting equipment, so that the bottom locking flange (11) of the impeller hub (1) is connected to the transition flange (21) of the assembly fixture; and the long diagonal bracing (22) on the assembly fixture is located below the connecting flange (12) of the impeller hub (1); S3: Impeller hub (1) fixed: The adapter flange (21) and the locking flange (11) are connected by bolts and nuts; S4: First blade installation: Hoist the first blade to the top of the long diagonal brace (22) with short diagonal braces (23) on both sides, and connect and fix the blade to the connecting flange (12) on the impeller hub (1); S5: Remaining blade installation: The blades are hoisted sequentially onto the corresponding long diagonal brace (22) of the assembly fixture, and the blades are connected and fixed to the connecting flange (12) opposite to the impeller hub (1).

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