A multi-speed gearbox configuration

Abstract

This invention provides a multi-speed gearbox configuration that reliably achieves more gear ratios while reducing the number of gear pairs, taking into account compact structure, high transmission efficiency, ease of manufacturing and maintenance, and meeting the multi-mode drive requirements of traditional fuel vehicles and hybrid / pure electric vehicles. It includes: a first input shaft; a second input shaft; a third input shaft; a hollow input shaft; an output shaft; and at least one intermediate shaft; the hollow input shaft is sleeved around the output end region of the first input shaft; the first, second, and third input shafts are arranged in parallel; the second and third input shafts are respectively located on both sides of the first input shaft; the input end of the first input shaft is connected to power source A; the input end of the second input shaft is connected to power source B; and the input end of the third input shaft is connected to power source C.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of gearbox configurations, specifically a multi-speed gearbox configuration. Background Technology

[0002] To improve fuel economy and power, multi-speed transmissions have become a trend. However, increasing the number of gears often requires more gear pairs, resulting in larger size, heavier weight, and higher cost. While existing multi-speed transmissions can effectively widen the speed ratio range and optimize the operating point of the power source, they typically require complex gear pairs, synchronizers, and shift actuators to achieve multiple forward gears. This complexity directly leads to increased system size and weight, higher manufacturing costs, and potential reliability risks due to the increased number of components. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new transmission configuration that can reliably achieve multiple gear ratios while reducing the number of gear pairs, and is compact, efficient, and easy to manufacture and maintain. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a multi-speed gearbox configuration that reliably achieves more gear ratios while reducing the number of gear pairs. It also features a compact structure, high transmission efficiency, ease of manufacturing and maintenance, and meets the multi-mode drive requirements of traditional fuel vehicles and hybrid / pure electric vehicles.

[0004] A multi-speed gearbox configuration, characterized in that it comprises: First input axis; Second input axis; Third input axis; Hollow input shaft; Output shaft; And at least one intermediate shaft; The hollow input shaft is sleeved around the output end region of the first input shaft. The first, second, and third input shafts are arranged in parallel. The second and third input shafts are respectively located on both sides of the first input shaft. The input end of the first input shaft is connected to power source A, the input end of the second input shaft is connected to power source B, and the input end of the third input shaft is connected to power source C. A first set of meshing gears is fixedly sleeved on the first input shaft at the front position corresponding to the hollow input shaft. The second input shaft is also fixedly sleeved with a first set of meshing gears. The first set of meshing gears is meshed with the first set of meshing gears. The output end of the third input shaft is fixedly sleeved with a second set of meshing gears. The input end of the hollow input shaft is also fixedly sleeved with a second set of meshing gears. The second set of meshing gears is meshed with the first set of meshing gears. The output end of the hollow input shaft is fixedly sleeved with... The system has a third set of meshing gears, a first gear, and an intermediate shaft with a third set of meshing gears, a second gear, and N sets of meshing gears, a first gear, fixedly mounted along the axial direction. N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2. The N sets of meshing gears include a fourth set of meshing gears. The first gear of the fourth set of meshing gears is located axially and rearward of the second gear of the third set of meshing gears. The output shaft has N sets of meshing gears, a second gear, mounted along the axial direction via bearings. The front end of the output shaft has a second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears mounted via bearings. The first and second gears of each set of meshing gears are meshed together. A first synchronization structure is fixedly mounted at the end of the first output shaft. This first synchronization structure is used for synchronizing or separating operations with the first gear of the third set of meshing gears and the second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears. A corresponding synchronization structure is provided on the output shaft corresponding to the second gear of the N sets of meshing gears. The synchronization structure performs gear switching operations on the second gear of the N sets of meshing gears.

[0005] Its further features are: When N is an even number, N equals 2M, and M is a natural number. In the second gear of N sets of meshing gears, every two adjacent second gears are paired one-to-one to form M pairs of paired second gears. A synchronization structure is set between each pair of paired second gears. The synchronization structure is used to switch gears between the two second gears. When N is an odd number, N equals 2M+1, where M is a natural number. In the second gear of N sets of meshing gears, every two adjacent second gears are paired one-to-one to form M pairs of paired second gears. Each pair of paired second gears is equipped with a synchronization structure. The remaining second gear is independently configured with a synchronization structure. The synchronization structure is used to switch gears between the two second gears.

[0006] Its further characteristic is: In the case of a hybrid vehicle, power source A is an engine, power source B is a first motor, and power source C is a second motor; In the case of pure electric vehicles, power source A, power source B, and power source C are the corresponding motors.

[0007] Its further characteristic is: When N is an even number, M equals 1, and N equals 2, the intermediate shaft is sequentially fitted with the second gear of the third set of meshing gears, the first gear of the fourth set of meshing gears, and the first gear of the fifth set of meshing gears along the axial direction. The output shaft is sequentially fitted with the second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears and the second gear of the fifth set of meshing gears through bearings along the axial direction. A second synchronization structure is provided between the second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears and the second gear of the fifth set of meshing gears. When N is an even number, and M equals 2, N equals 4. In this case, the intermediate shaft is sequentially fitted with the second gear of the third set of meshing gears, the first gear of the fourth set of meshing gears, the first gear of the fifth set of meshing gears, the first gear of the sixth set of meshing gears, and the first gear of the seventh set of meshing gears. The output shaft is sequentially fitted with the second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears, the second gear of the fifth set of meshing gears, the second gear of the sixth set of meshing gears, and the second gear of the seventh set of meshing gears through bearings. A second synchronization structure is provided between the second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears and the second gear of the fifth set of meshing gears, and a third synchronization structure is provided between the second gear of the sixth set of meshing gears and the second gear of the seventh set of meshing gears.

[0008] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) More gears and fewer gears: By sharing gears and reusing shifting elements, more gears can be achieved with fewer gear pairs, expanding the speed ratio coverage and improving power and economy; (2) Reduce costs and increase efficiency: reduce the number of parts and the need for high-precision machining, simplify assembly processes, and reduce manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty; (3) Flexible expansion: The modular design supports the rapid development of different gears and speed ratio versions, and is compatible with a variety of vehicle models and power forms.

[0009] (4) Multi-mode compatibility: It can integrate motor input and multi-power switching mechanism to achieve smooth driving and gear sharing in hybrid / pure electric modes, and enhance the application scope. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the configuration of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the configuration of a specific embodiment two of the present invention; The names corresponding to the serial numbers in the diagram are as follows: First input shaft 10, second input shaft 20, third input shaft 30, hollow input shaft 40, output shaft 50, intermediate shaft 60, first synchronization structure 70, second synchronization structure 80, and third synchronization structure 90; The first set of meshing gears consists of gear 1-1, gear 2-2, gear 1-1, gear 2-2, gear 3-1, gear 3-2, gear 4-1, gear 4-2, gear 5-1, gear 5-2, gear 6-1, gear 6-2, gear 7-1, and gear 7-2. Detailed Implementation

[0011] A multi-speed gearbox configuration, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 It includes a first input shaft 10, a second input shaft 20, a third input shaft 30, a hollow input shaft 40, an output shaft 50, and at least one intermediate shaft 60; The intermediate shaft 60 is arranged parallel to the output shaft 50, and the output shaft 50 is located behind the first output shaft 10 and arranged coaxially. A hollow input shaft 40 is fitted around the outer periphery of the output end region of the first input shaft 10. The first input shaft 10, the second input shaft 20, and the third input shaft 30 are arranged in parallel. The second input shaft 20 and the third input shaft 30 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first input shaft 10. The input end of the first input shaft 10 is connected to power source A, the input end of the second input shaft 20 is connected to power source B, and the input end of the third input shaft 30 is connected to power source C. A first set of meshing gears, the second gear 1-2, is fixedly fitted on the first input shaft 10 at the front position corresponding to the hollow input shaft 40. A first set of meshing gears, the first gear 1-1, is fixedly fitted on the second input shaft 20. The first set of meshing gears, the second gear 1-2, and the first set of meshing gears, the first gear 1-1, mesh together to form a first gear pair. A second set of meshing gears, the first gear 2-1, is fixedly fitted on the output end of the third input shaft 30. A second set of meshing gears, the second gear 2-2, is fixedly fitted on the input end of the hollow input shaft 40. The second set of meshing gears, the first gear 2-1, and the second set of meshing gears, the second gear 2-2, mesh together. The second gear 2-2 meshes to form a second gear pair. The output end of the hollow input shaft 40 is fixedly fitted with the first gear 3-1 of the third set of meshing gears. The intermediate shaft 60 is sequentially fitted with the second gear 3-2 of the third set of meshing gears and the first gear of N sets of meshing gears along the axial direction. N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2. The N sets of meshing gears include the fourth set of meshing gears. The first gear 4-1 of the fourth set of meshing gears is arranged adjacent to the second gear 3-2 of the third set of meshing gears axially. The output shaft 50 is sequentially fitted with the second gear of N sets of meshing gears through bearings along the axial direction. The front end of the output shaft 50 is fitted with the second gear 4-2 of the fourth set of meshing gears through bearings. The first gear and the second gear of each set of meshing gears mesh to form a corresponding gear pair. The end of the first output shaft 10 is fixedly provided with a first synchronization structure 70. The first synchronization structure 70 is used to perform synchronous or separate operations with the first gear 3-1 of the third set of meshing gears and the second gear 4-2 of the fourth set of meshing gears. When N is an even number, N equals 2M, and M is a natural number. In the second gear of N sets of meshing gears, every two adjacent second gears are paired one-to-one to form M pairs of paired second gears. A synchronization structure is set between each pair of paired second gears. The synchronization structure is used to switch gears between the two second gears. When N is an odd number, N equals 2M+1, where M is a natural number. In the second gear of N sets of meshing gears, every two adjacent second gears are paired one-to-one to form M pairs of paired second gears. Each pair of paired second gears is equipped with a synchronization structure. The remaining second gear is independently configured with a synchronization structure. The synchronization structure is used to switch gears between the two second gears.

[0012] In practical implementation, for hybrid vehicles, power source A is the engine, power source B is the first motor, and power source C is the second motor; In the case of pure electric vehicles, power source A, power source B, and power source C are the corresponding motors.

[0013] Specific Implementation Example 1, see Figure 1 The intermediate shaft 60 has one number, N is an even number, and when M equals 1, N equals 2. At this time, the intermediate shaft 60 is sequentially fitted with the second gear 3-2 of the third set of meshing gears, the first gear 4-1 of the fourth set of meshing gears, and the first gear 5-1 of the fifth set of meshing gears along the axial direction. The output shaft 50 is sequentially fitted with the second gear 4-2 of the fourth set of meshing gears and the second gear 5-2 of the fifth set of meshing gears through bearings along the axial direction. A second synchronization structure 80 is set between the second gear 4-2 of the fourth set of meshing gears and the second gear 5-2 of the fifth set of meshing gears. Gear 1-1 and gear 1-2 mesh to form the first gear pair, with a speed ratio of . ; Gears 2-1 and 2-2 mesh, forming the second gear pair with a speed ratio of [value missing]. ; Gear 3-1 and gear 3-2 mesh to form gear pair 3, with a speed ratio of [missing value]. ; And so on... Gears n-1 and n-2 mesh together and are called gear pair n, with a speed ratio of . .

[0014] The intermediate shaft is arranged parallel to the output shaft, and gear 3-2 is fixedly mounted on the axial position corresponding to gear 3-1, gear 4-1 is fixedly mounted on the axial position corresponding to gear 4-2, and gear 5-1 is fixedly mounted on the axial position corresponding to gear 5-2.

[0015] A first synchronization structure 70 is used between gears 3-1 and 4-2. Gears 3-1 and 4-2 are respectively provided with meshing connection devices on the corresponding sides of the first synchronization structure 70. The first synchronization structure 70 moves along the axial direction of the first input shaft or output shaft toward the meshing connection devices on both sides to selectively mesh and connect or not connect at all.

[0016] A second synchronization structure 80 is provided on the output shaft between gears 4-2 and 5-2. Gears 4-2 and 5-2 are respectively provided with meshing connection devices on the corresponding sides of the second synchronization structure 80. The second synchronization structure 80 moves along the axial direction of the output shaft toward the meshing connection devices on both sides to selectively mesh and connect or not connect at all.

[0017] Power source C selects gears via the second synchronization structure 80. Therefore, if m pairs of gears are arranged on the output shaft, power source C has m gears. Power sources A and B select gears through a combination of the first synchronization structure 70 and the second synchronization structure 80. Therefore, if m pairs of gears are arranged on the output shaft, power sources A and B have 2m gears. The list of gear combinations for different positions of the synchronization gears is as follows:

[0018] The above structure achieves two speed ratios for power source C and four speed ratios for power sources A and B using five pairs of gears. As can be seen from the principle, the simplest version, by eliminating the first and second gear pairs, can similarly generate the same number of speed ratios. Thus, power source C can achieve two speed ratios, and power sources A and B four speed ratios using only three pairs of gears. Similar structures support the rapid derivation of different gear and speed ratio versions. With N pairs of gears at the output shaft end, power source C can have N speed ratios, and power sources A and B can have 2N speed ratios. By combining shared gears, a single gear pair can participate in multiple gear engagements, significantly reducing the number of independent gear pairs.

[0019] See Specific Implementation Example 2 Figure 2 When N is an even number, and M equals 2, N equals 4. At this time, the intermediate shaft is sequentially fitted with the third set of meshing gears, the second gear 3-2, the fourth set of meshing gears, the first gear 4-1, the fifth set of meshing gears, the first gear 5-1, the sixth set of meshing gears, the first gear 6-1, and the first gear 7-1 along the axial direction. The output shaft 50 is sequentially fitted with the fourth set of meshing gears, the second gear 4-2, the second gear 5-2, the second gear 6-2, and the second gear 7-2 along the axial direction through bearings. A second synchronization structure 80 is set between the fourth set of meshing gears, the second gear 4-2, and the second gear 5-2, and a third synchronization structure 90 is set between the sixth set of meshing gears, the second gear 6-2, and the second gear 7-2.

[0020] With 4 pairs of gears at the output shaft end, power source C has 4 speed ratios, while power source A and power source B have 8 speed ratios.

[0021] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0022] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-speed gearbox configuration, characterized in that, It includes: First input axis; Second input axis; Third input axis; Hollow input shaft; Output shaft; And at least one intermediate shaft; The hollow input shaft is sleeved around the output end region of the first input shaft. The first, second, and third input shafts are arranged in parallel. The second and third input shafts are respectively located on both sides of the first input shaft. The input end of the first input shaft is connected to power source A, the input end of the second input shaft is connected to power source B, and the input end of the third input shaft is connected to power source C. A first set of meshing gears is fixedly sleeved on the first input shaft at the front position corresponding to the hollow input shaft. The second input shaft is also fixedly sleeved with a first set of meshing gears. The first set of meshing gears is meshed with the first set of meshing gears. The output end of the third input shaft is fixedly sleeved with a second set of meshing gears. The input end of the hollow input shaft is also fixedly sleeved with a second set of meshing gears. The second set of meshing gears is meshed with the first set of meshing gears. The output end of the hollow input shaft is fixedly sleeved with... The system has a third set of meshing gears, a first gear, and an intermediate shaft with a third set of meshing gears, a second gear, and N sets of meshing gears, a first gear, fixedly mounted along the axial direction. N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2. The N sets of meshing gears include a fourth set of meshing gears. The first gear of the fourth set of meshing gears is located axially and rearward of the second gear of the third set of meshing gears. The output shaft has N sets of meshing gears, a second gear, mounted along the axial direction via bearings. The front end of the output shaft has a second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears mounted via bearings. The first and second gears of each set of meshing gears are meshed together. A first synchronization structure is fixedly mounted at the end of the first output shaft. This first synchronization structure is used for synchronizing or separating operations with the first gear of the third set of meshing gears and the second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears. A corresponding synchronization structure is provided on the output shaft corresponding to the second gear of the N sets of meshing gears. The synchronization structure performs gear switching operations on the second gear of the N sets of meshing gears.

2. The multi-speed gearbox configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: When N is an even number, N equals 2M, and M is a natural number. In the second gear of N sets of meshing gears, every two adjacent second gears are paired one-to-one to form M pairs of paired second gears. A synchronization structure is set between each pair of paired second gears. The synchronization structure is used to switch gears between the two second gears.

3. The multi-speed gearbox configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: When N is an odd number, N equals 2M+1, where M is a natural number. In the second gear of N sets of meshing gears, every two adjacent second gears are paired one-to-one to form M pairs of paired second gears. Each pair of paired second gears is equipped with a synchronization structure. The remaining second gear is independently configured with a synchronization structure. The synchronization structure is used to switch gears between the two second gears.

4. The multi-speed gearbox configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the case of a hybrid vehicle, power source A is an engine, power source B is a first motor, and power source C is a second motor.

5. A multi-speed gearbox configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the case of pure electric vehicles, power source A, power source B, and power source C are the corresponding motors.

6. A multi-speed gearbox configuration according to claim 2, characterized in that: When N is an even number, M equals 1, and N equals 2, the intermediate shaft is sequentially fitted with the second gear of the third set of meshing gears, the first gear of the fourth set of meshing gears, and the first gear of the fifth set of meshing gears along the axial direction. The output shaft is sequentially fitted with the second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears and the second gear of the fifth set of meshing gears through bearings along the axial direction. A second synchronization structure is provided between the second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears and the second gear of the fifth set of meshing gears.

7. A multi-speed gearbox configuration according to claim 2, characterized in that: When N is an even number, and M equals 2, N equals 4. In this case, the intermediate shaft is sequentially fitted with the second gear of the third set of meshing gears, the first gear of the fourth set of meshing gears, the first gear of the fifth set of meshing gears, the first gear of the sixth set of meshing gears, and the first gear of the seventh set of meshing gears. The output shaft is sequentially fitted with the second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears, the second gear of the fifth set of meshing gears, the second gear of the sixth set of meshing gears, and the second gear of the seventh set of meshing gears through bearings. A second synchronization structure is provided between the second gear of the fourth set of meshing gears and the second gear of the fifth set of meshing gears, and a third synchronization structure is provided between the second gear of the sixth set of meshing gears and the second gear of the seventh set of meshing gears.

Images