A shield tunnel measuring device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of shield tunnel measurement technology, and discloses a shield tunnel measurement method and device, including a mounting plate, a total station, a lifting assembly, connecting parts, a leveling mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a protective frame, and a cleaning mechanism. The total station can be detachably installed on the top surface of the mounting plate. By installing the total station on the integrated device at the tail of the shield machine, the tedious process of repeatedly setting up, leveling, and calibrating the total station manually is completely eliminated. The lifting assembly, leveling mechanism, and adjusting mechanism enable automatic adjustment of height, level, and angle, significantly shortening the measurement preparation time and improving construction efficiency. The protective frame and cleaning mechanism can isolate and remove tunnel dust, preventing the total station from being contaminated, maintaining measurement accuracy over a long period, and adapting to the harsh working conditions of high dust in shield tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shield tunnel measurement technology, specifically a shield tunnel measurement device and method. Background Technology

[0002] A total station is the core equipment for shield tunnel surveying, capable of acquiring high-precision data on the tunnel's three-dimensional coordinates, axis deviation, and structural deformation, providing crucial information for shield machine attitude control and directional correction. It can complete the entire process of station setup and orientation, point monitoring, and breakthrough measurement, ensuring the tunnel is precisely formed according to the design and avoiding rework or safety risks due to excessive deviations. In complex underground conditions, the total station is stable, reliable, and highly adaptable, making it an irreplaceable surveying tool for achieving tunnel construction quality control, safety early warning, and efficiency improvement.

[0003] Currently, shield tunnel measurement mainly relies on total stations. After the tunnel is formed, measuring points are set up in sections to detect deformation. As the tunnel extends, the number of measuring points increases, requiring repeated manual setup, leveling, and calibration of the instrument. This process is cumbersome, time-consuming, and inefficient. In addition, the tunnel is dusty, and the total station is easily contaminated. The lack of reasonable cleaning and protection measures affects the accuracy and stability. Traditional methods cannot be used to measure synchronously with the shield machine, making it difficult to meet the needs of continuous, efficient, and high-precision construction measurement. Therefore, we propose a shield tunnel measurement method and device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention proposes a method and apparatus for measuring shield tunnels.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A shield tunnel measurement method and apparatus includes a mounting plate, a total station, a lifting assembly, connectors, a leveling mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a protective frame, and a cleaning mechanism. The total station can be detachably installed on the top surface of the mounting plate; The lifting assembly is connected to the mounting plate via a transmission mechanism, and is used to drive the mounting plate and the total station to move vertically to adjust the measurement height; The connector is fixed to the top of the lifting assembly and is used to rigidly connect the entire device to the tail of the tunnel boring machine. The leveling mechanism is located between the mounting plate and the adjustment mechanism and is used to adjust the horizontal attitude of the total station. The adjustment mechanism is fixed to the movable end of the lifting assembly and is used to drive the leveling mechanism and the total station to rotate around the vertical axis to adjust the measurement angle. The protective frame is fixed to the side wall of the lifting assembly and covers the outside of the total station; The cleaning mechanism is symmetrically arranged inside the protective frame to automatically remove dust and contaminants from the surface of the total station.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: the lifting assembly includes a cylindrical box, an electric telescopic rod, and an L-shaped sliding plate; The cylindrical box has a vertical groove on its side wall, and an L-shaped sliding plate is slidably connected in the groove; The electric telescopic rod is vertically and detachably connected inside the cylindrical box, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top surface of the L-shaped sliding plate; the connector is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical box, and the protective frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylindrical box facing the mounting plate.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the cleaning mechanism includes two U-shaped connecting pipes, two pump bodies, and multiple suction heads; Two U-shaped connecting pipes are symmetrically and detachably installed on the left and right inner walls of the protective frame one, and multiple dust collection heads are evenly fixed and connected to the two U-shaped connecting pipes on the side facing the total station; The two pump bodies are detachably installed on the inner walls of the two sides of the protective frame. The air inlet of the two pump bodies is detachably connected to two U-shaped connecting pipes through air inlet pipes. The exhaust end of the two pump bodies is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe, and the bottom end of the two exhaust pipes extends to the bottom of the protective frame.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the leveling mechanism includes a universal ball sleeve, a universal ball, a support rod, a support plate, and three electric push rods; The universal ball sleeve is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the mounting plate, the universal ball is fitted inside the universal ball sleeve, the top of the support rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the universal ball, and the bottom of the support rod is fixedly connected to the center of the top surface of the support plate. Three electric actuators are vertically and detachably installed at the three top corners of the support plate. The telescopic ends of the three electric actuators are equipped with spherical abutments that abut against the bottom surface of the mounting plate. The top surface of the mounting plate is also equipped with leveling bubbles.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a connecting plate, a round rod, a drive motor, a main gear, and a speed reduction gear; The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped sliding plate; the round rod is rotatably connected to the center of the top surface of the connecting plate through the bearing, the top end of the round rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support plate, the speed reduction gear is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the round rod, the drive motor is vertically installed on the top surface of the connecting plate, the output end of the drive motor is detachably connected to the bottom end of the main gear, and the main gear and the speed reduction gear mesh for transmission.

[0010] Preferably, two protective frames are also fixed on the top surface of the connecting plate. The two protective frames are respectively covered on the outside of the main gear and the speed reduction gear of the drive motor for dust and water protection.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: a sealing cover is detachably installed on the top surface of the protective frame via a snap fastener.

[0012] Preferably, the sidewall of the connector is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical box, and the surface of the connector is provided with multiple bolt mounting holes for fastening to the shield tail shell of the tunnel boring machine.

[0013] A method for measuring shield tunnels includes the following steps: S1. Secure the entire measuring device to the upper side of the shield tail shell of the tunnel boring machine using the connecting parts, detachably install the total station on the top surface of the mounting plate, and cover the sealing cover of the protective frame. S2. Start the cleaning mechanism inside the protective frame. The pump body extracts the dust inside the protective frame through the U-shaped connecting pipe and the dust suction head to complete the pre-measurement cleaning. S3. Close the cleaning mechanism, remove the sealing cover, start the lifting assembly to adjust the total station to the preset measurement height, start the adjustment mechanism to rotate the total station so that its lens is aligned with the fixed backsight reference prism in the tunnel, and start the leveling mechanism to adjust the total station to a horizontal state. S4. During the tunnel boring machine's excavation, the total station moves synchronously with the tunnel boring machine, automatically completing real-time measurements of tunnel axis deviation and segment deformation, and wirelessly transmitting the measurement data to the tunnel boring machine control room terminal. S5. After the tunnel excavation is completed, a full measurement data report will be automatically generated; S6. After measuring the structure, the lifting assembly drives the total station back into the protective frame. The cleaning mechanism is activated again to remove dust from the total station, keep the total station lens and body clean, and install the sealing cover.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention completely eliminates the tedious process of repeatedly setting up, leveling, and calibrating the total station manually by installing it on the integrated device at the tail of the tunnel boring machine. It achieves automatic adjustment of height, level, and angle by relying on the lifting components, leveling mechanism, and adjustment mechanism, which greatly shortens the measurement preparation time and improves construction efficiency. The protective frame and cleaning mechanism can isolate and remove tunnel dust, prevent the total station from being contaminated, maintain measurement accuracy for a long time, and adapt to the harsh working conditions of high dust in shield tunnels.

[0015] 2. This invention enables simultaneous shield tunneling and tunnel measurement, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional measurement methods such as lag, numerous measurement points, and low efficiency. It acquires real-time data on axial deviation and segment deformation, providing a reliable basis for shield machine correction and ensuring tunnel forming accuracy. The device is rigidly fixed to the shield machine, ensuring stable and reliable operation. Cleaning and adjustment are fully automated, reducing the frequency of manual operation in the shaft, lowering construction safety risks, and meeting the requirements for continuous, efficient, and high-precision shield tunnel measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] Legend: 1. Mounting plate; 2. Total station; 3. Lifting assembly; 4. Leveling mechanism; 5. Adjustment mechanism; 6. Protective frame one; 7. Cleaning mechanism; 8. Connecting parts; 31. Column box; 32. Electric telescopic rod; 33. L-shaped sliding plate; 41. Universal ball sleeve; 42. Universal ball; 43. Support rod; 44. Electric push rod; 45. Support plate; 51. Round rod; 52. Connecting plate; 53. Drive motor; 54. Main gear; 55. Speed ​​reduction gear; 56. Protective frame two; 71. U-shaped connecting pipe; 72. Pump body; 73. Air inlet pipe; 74. Exhaust pipe; 75. Dust suction head. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-5 This application provides a shield tunnel measurement method and device, including a mounting plate 1, a total station 2, a lifting assembly 3, a connector 8, a leveling mechanism 4, an adjustment mechanism 5, a protective frame 6, and a cleaning mechanism 7; The entire device is fixed to the tail of the shield machine via connector 8 and can move synchronously with the shield machine. This solves the problem of traditional surveying requiring manual repeated entry into the tunnel to set up total station 2, which is cumbersome and inefficient. It enables shield tunneling and tunnel surveying to be carried out simultaneously. The total station 2 can be detachably installed on the top surface of the mounting plate 1; it adopts a quick-installation fixing structure, which facilitates the rapid disassembly and maintenance of the total station 2, while ensuring installation and positioning accuracy and avoiding deviations caused by repeated installation; The lifting assembly 3 is connected to the mounting plate 1 for driving the mounting plate 1 and the total station 2 to move vertically to adjust the measurement height; it can automatically adjust the height of the total station 2 to avoid obstacles in the tunnel from obstructing the measurement line of sight, and does not require manual raising and lowering of the instrument; Connector 8 is fixed to the top of lifting assembly 3 and is used to rigidly connect the entire device to the tail of the tunnel boring machine. The rigid connection structure can withstand the tunneling vibration of the tunnel boring machine, ensuring that the entire device is stable and does not loosen, and maintaining the stability of the measurement benchmark. The leveling mechanism 4 is located between the mounting plate 1 and the adjustment mechanism 5, and is used to adjust the horizontal attitude of the total station 2. It can automatically complete the horizontal correction of the total station 2, replacing the traditional manual leveling operation, shortening the leveling time and improving the leveling accuracy. The adjustment mechanism 5 is fixed to the movable end of the lifting component 3 and is used to drive the leveling mechanism 4 and the total station 2 to rotate around the vertical axis to adjust the measurement angle; it can automatically rotate 360° to adjust the measurement direction and quickly align with the tunnel back-view reference prism without the need for manual movement of the instrument to adjust the angle. The protective frame 6 is fixed to the side wall of the lifting component 3 and covers the outside of the total station 2, preventing dust and mud inside the shield tunnel from adhering to the surface of the total station 2, and is suitable for harsh working conditions with high dust in tunnels. The cleaning mechanism 7 is symmetrically arranged inside the protective frame 6 to automatically remove dust inside the frame and contaminants on the surface of the total station 2; it automatically absorbs dust and cleans the instrument without the need for manual opening and wiping, solving the problem that the total station 2 is easily contaminated and inconvenient to clean, which affects the measurement accuracy. The lifting assembly 3 includes a cylindrical box 31, an electric telescopic rod 32, and an L-shaped sliding plate 33. The cylindrical box 31 has a vertical groove on its side wall, and the L-shaped sliding plate 33 is slidably connected in the groove. The electric telescopic rod 32 is vertically and detachably connected in the cylindrical box 31, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 32 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the L-shaped sliding plate 33. The connector 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical box 31, and the protective frame 6 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylindrical box 31 facing the mounting plate 1. The cylindrical box 31 provides support for the lifting assembly 3, and the vertical groove limits the movement trajectory of the L-shaped sliding plate 33 to ensure that the lifting action is linear, stable, and without deviation. It should be noted that the protective frame 6 has a long slot for the L-shaped sliding plate 33 to pass through; Specifically, by extending and retracting the electric telescopic rod 32, the L-shaped sliding plate 33 is driven to slide up and down along the vertical groove of the cylindrical box 31, which in turn drives the adjustment mechanism 5, the leveling mechanism 4, the mounting plate 1 and the total station 2 to rise and fall synchronously, automatically completing the adjustment of the measurement height of the total station 2 without manual intervention.

[0020] The cleaning mechanism 7 includes two U-shaped connecting pipes 71, two pump bodies 72, and multiple suction heads 75. The two U-shaped connecting pipes 71 are symmetrically and detachably installed on the left and right inner walls of the protective frame 6. The multiple suction heads 75 are evenly and fixedly connected to the two U-shaped connecting pipes 71 on the side facing the total station 2. The two pump bodies 72 are detachably installed on the inner walls of the two sides of the protective frame 6. The air inlet of the two pump bodies 72 is detachably connected to the two U-shaped connecting pipes 71 through air inlet pipes 73. The exhaust end of the two pump bodies 72 is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe 74, and the bottom end of the two exhaust pipes 74 extends to the bottom of the protective frame 6. The symmetrically arranged U-shaped connecting pipes 71 and suction heads 75 can cover the entire area of ​​the total station 2, achieving thorough cleaning without dead angles. Specifically, by starting the pump body 72 to generate negative pressure, the dust inside the protective frame 6 is sucked into the U-shaped connecting pipe 71 through the dust suction head 75, and then discharged to the outside of the protective frame 6 through the air inlet pipe 73, the pump body 72, and the exhaust pipe 74 in sequence, so as to keep the inside of the protective frame 6 and the surface of the total station 2 clean and avoid dust from interfering with the measurement accuracy.

[0021] Furthermore, the leveling mechanism 4 includes a universal ball sleeve 41, a universal ball 42, a support rod 43, a support plate 45, and three electric push rods 44. The universal ball sleeve 41 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the mounting plate 1, the universal ball 42 is fitted inside the universal ball sleeve 41, the top end of the support rod 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the universal ball 42, and the bottom end of the support rod 43 is fixedly connected to the center of the top surface of the support plate 45. The three electric push rods 44 are vertically and detachably installed at the three top corners of the support plate 45. The telescopic ends of the three electric push rods 44 are provided with spherical abutments that abut against the bottom surface of the mounting plate 1. The top surface of the mounting plate 1 is also provided with a leveling bubble. The three-point electric push rods 44, in conjunction with the universal ball hinge structure and the leveling bubble visualization calibration, enable the total station 2 to achieve precise horizontal adjustment in all directions. Specifically, the extension and retraction lengths of the three electric push rods 44 are controlled respectively, which push the mounting plate 1 to rotate around the universal ball 42. In conjunction with the leveling bubble on the top surface of the mounting plate 1, the total station 2 is automatically corrected to a horizontal state. The spherical abutment fits the bottom surface of the mounting plate 1 adaptively to avoid jamming during the adjustment process.

[0022] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism 5 includes a connecting plate 52, a round rod 51, a drive motor 53, a main gear 54, and a speed-reducing gear 55; the connecting plate 52 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped sliding plate 33; the round rod 51 is rotatably connected to the center of the top surface of the connecting plate 52 through a bearing, the top end of the round rod 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support plate 45, the speed-reducing gear 55 is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the round rod 51, the drive motor 53 is vertically mounted on the top surface of the connecting plate 52, and the output end of the drive motor 53 is detachably connected to the bottom end of the main gear 54, and the main gear 54 and the speed-reducing gear 55 mesh for transmission; the speed reduction transmission structure ensures smooth and accurate angle adjustment without inertial sway, and improves the angle alignment accuracy; Specifically, the drive motor 53 drives the main gear 54 to rotate, and the main gear 54 meshes with the speed reduction gear 55 and the round rod 51 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the support plate 45, the leveling mechanism 4, the mounting plate 1 and the total station 2 to rotate around the vertical axis, automatically completing the measurement angle adjustment and quickly aligning with the rearview reference prism inside the tunnel.

[0023] Preferably, two protective frames 56 are also fixed on the top surface of the connecting plate 52. The two protective frames 56 are respectively covered on the outside of the drive motor 53, the main gear 54 and the speed reduction gear 55 for dust and water protection. The fully enclosed protective structure isolates tunnel dust and water vapor from entering the transmission components, avoids gear jamming and motor short circuit, and extends the service life of the adjustment mechanism 5. Specifically, the drive motor 53 and gear transmission assembly are covered by the protective frame 2 56 to prevent dust and mud from entering the shield tunnel, ensuring that the adjustment mechanism 5 operates stably under harsh working conditions and reducing the probability of equipment failure.

[0024] Preferably, the top surface of the protective frame 6 is equipped with a detachable sealing cover via a snap-fit ​​mechanism; the snap-fit ​​sealing cover seals the protective frame 6 to prevent dust when the measurement is not in use, and can be quickly removed during measurement without affecting the normal operation of the total station 2.

[0025] Furthermore, the side wall of the connector 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical box 31. The surface of the connector 8 is provided with multiple bolt mounting holes for fastening with the shield tail shell of the tunnel boring machine. The multi-bolt hole fastening design ensures that the device is rigidly connected to the shield tail of the tunnel boring machine and moves synchronously with the tunnel boring machine without shifting or loosening.

[0026] Example 2 This embodiment provides a shield tunnel measurement method based on Embodiment 1, including the following steps: S1. Secure the entire measuring device to the upper side of the shield tail shell of the tunnel boring machine by bolting the connector 8, detachably install the total station 2 on the top surface of the mounting plate 1, and cover the sealing cover of the protective frame 6. S2. Start the cleaning mechanism 7 inside the protective frame 6. The pump body 72 extracts the dust inside the protective frame 6 through the U-shaped connecting pipe 71 and the dust suction head 75 to complete the pre-measurement cleaning. S3. Close the cleaning mechanism 7, remove the sealing cover, start the lifting assembly 3 to adjust the total station 2 to the preset measurement height, start the adjustment mechanism 5 to rotate the total station 2 so that its lens is aligned with the fixed rear-view reference prism in the tunnel, and start the leveling mechanism 4 to adjust the total station 2 to a horizontal state. S4. During the tunnel boring machine's excavation, the total station 2 moves synchronously with the tunnel boring machine, automatically completing real-time measurements of tunnel axis deviation and segment deformation, and wirelessly transmitting the measurement data to the tunnel boring machine control room terminal. S5. After the tunnel excavation is completed, a full measurement data report is automatically generated. S6. After the measurement is completed, the lifting component 3 drives the total station 2 back into the protective frame 6, and the cleaning mechanism 7 is activated again to remove the dust on the total station 2 and keep the lens and body of the total station 2 clean.

[0027] Specifically, the measuring device is fixed to the tail of the tunnel boring machine, replacing the traditional method of manually setting up instruments in sections. The height, angle, and level of the total station 2 are automatically adjusted through the lifting component 3, the adjustment mechanism 5, and the leveling mechanism 4. The protective frame 6 and the cleaning mechanism 7 solve the problem of tunnel dust contamination of the instrument. This allows the tunnel boring and measurement to be carried out simultaneously, greatly improving measurement efficiency, reducing the intensity of manual operation, and meeting the continuous, efficient, and high-precision measurement requirements of the tunnel boring machine.

Claims

1. A shield tunnel measuring device, characterized in that: Includes mounting plate (1), total station (2), lifting assembly (3), connector (8), leveling mechanism (4), adjustment mechanism (5), protective frame (6), and cleaning mechanism (7); The total station (2) can be detachably installed on the top surface of the mounting plate (1); The lifting assembly (3) is connected to the mounting plate (1) for driving the mounting plate (1) and the total station (2) to move vertically to adjust the measurement height; The connector (8) is fixed to the top of the lifting assembly (3) to rigidly connect the entire device to the tail of the tunnel boring machine. The leveling mechanism (4) is located between the mounting plate (1) and the adjustment mechanism (5) and is used to adjust the horizontal attitude of the total station (2); The adjustment mechanism (5) is fixed to the movable end of the lifting assembly (3) and is used to drive the leveling mechanism (4) and the total station (2) to rotate around the vertical axis to adjust the measurement angle; The protective frame 1 (6) is fixed to the side wall of the lifting assembly (3) and covers the outside of the total station (2); The cleaning mechanism (7) is symmetrically arranged inside the protective frame (6) to automatically remove dust inside the frame and contaminants on the surface of the total station (2).

2. The shield tunnel measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (3) includes a cylindrical box (31), an electric telescopic rod (32), and an L-shaped sliding plate (33). The cylindrical box (31) has a vertical groove on its side wall, and the L-shaped sliding plate (33) is slidably connected in the groove; the electric telescopic rod (32) is vertically and detachably connected in the cylindrical box (31), and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (32) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the L-shaped sliding plate (33); The connector (8) is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical box (31), and the protective frame (6) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylindrical box (31) facing the mounting plate (1).

3. The shield tunnel measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism (7) includes two U-shaped connecting pipes (71), two pump bodies (72) and multiple suction heads (75); Two U-shaped connecting pipes (71) are symmetrically and detachably installed on the left and right inner walls of the protective frame (6), and multiple dust suction heads (75) are evenly fixed and connected to the two U-shaped connecting pipes (71) on the side facing the total station (2); Two pump bodies (72) are detachably installed on the inner walls of the two sides of the protective frame (6). The air inlet of the two pump bodies (72) is detachably connected to two U-shaped connecting pipes (71) through the air inlet pipe (73). The exhaust end of the two pump bodies (72) is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe (74), and the bottom end of the two exhaust pipes (74) extends to the bottom of the protective frame (6).

4. The shield tunnel measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leveling mechanism (4) includes a universal ball sleeve (41), a universal ball (42), a support rod (43), a support plate (45), and three electric push rods (44). The universal ball sleeve (41) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the mounting plate (1), the universal ball (42) is sleeved inside the universal ball sleeve (41), the top of the support rod (43) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the universal ball (42), and the bottom of the support rod (43) is fixedly connected to the center of the top surface of the support plate (45). Three electric push rods (44) are vertically and detachably installed at the three top corners of the support plate (45). The telescopic ends of the three electric push rods are provided with spherical abutment joints and abut against the bottom surface of the mounting plate (1). The top surface of the mounting plate (1) is also provided with leveling bubbles.

5. A shield tunnel measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism (5) includes a connecting plate (52), a round rod (51), a drive motor (53), a main gear (54), and a speed reduction gear (55); The connecting plate (52) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped sliding plate (33); the round rod (51) is rotatably connected to the center of the top surface of the connecting plate (52) through the bearing, the top end of the round rod (51) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support plate (45), the speed reduction gear (55) is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the round rod (51), the drive motor (53) is vertically installed on the top surface of the connecting plate (52), the output end of the drive motor (53) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the main gear (54), and the main gear (54) and the speed reduction gear (55) mesh and drive each other.

6. A shield tunnel measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two protective frames (56) are also fixed on the top surface of the connecting plate (52). The two protective frames (56) are respectively covered on the outside of the main gear (54) and the speed reduction gear (55) of the drive motor (53) for dust and water protection.

7. A shield tunnel measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the protective frame (6) is detachably fitted with a sealing cover via a buckle.

8. A shield tunnel measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the connector (8) is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical box (31). The surface of the connector (8) is provided with multiple bolt mounting holes for fastening to the shield tail shell of the tunnel boring machine.

9. A method for measuring a shield tunnel, applied to the shield tunnel measuring device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Secure the entire measuring device to the upper side of the shield tail shell of the tunnel boring machine by bolting the connecting piece (8), and detachably install the total station (2) on the top surface of the mounting plate (1) and cover the sealing cover of the protective frame (6). S2. Start the cleaning mechanism (7) inside the protective frame (6). The pump body (72) extracts the dust inside the protective frame (6) through the U-shaped connecting pipe (71) and the dust suction head (75) to complete the pre-measurement cleaning. S3. Close the cleaning mechanism (7), remove the sealing cover, start the lifting assembly (3) to adjust the total station (2) to the preset measurement height, start the adjustment mechanism (5) to rotate the total station (2) so that its lens is aligned with the fixed rear-view reference prism in the tunnel, start the leveling mechanism (4) to adjust the total station (2) to a horizontal state. S4. During the tunnel boring machine excavation process, the total station (2) moves synchronously with the tunnel boring machine and automatically completes the real-time measurement of tunnel axis deviation and segment deformation. The measurement data is wirelessly transmitted to the terminal of the tunnel boring machine control room. S5. After the tunnel excavation is completed, a full measurement data report will be automatically generated; S6. After measuring the structure, the lifting component (3) drives the total station (2) back into the protective frame (6), and the cleaning mechanism (7) is started again to remove the dust on the total station (2) and keep the lens and body of the total station (2) clean.

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