Shell and tube heat exchangers and their heat exchange methods

Abstract

This application discloses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a heat exchange method, relating to the field of heat exchanger technology. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes a reciprocating roller, which drives baffles to reciprocate axially along the heat exchange tubes via a target motion. The reciprocating roller is disposed inside the shell and has an extension end extending to the outside of the shell. The reciprocating roller is arranged parallel to the heat exchange tubes and passes through reciprocating connection holes that pass through all the baffles. A driving component is used to drive the reciprocating roller to perform the target motion, and the driving component is drively connected to the extension end of the reciprocating roller. During heat exchange, the driving component drives the reciprocating roller to perform the target motion, thereby driving the baffles to reciprocate axially along the heat exchange tubes. By changing the baffles to a reciprocating motion type, the baffles can effectively sweep through the flow dead zone within the shell side during reciprocating motion; simultaneously, their edges can scrape the outer wall of the tube bundle and the inner wall of the shell, achieving online removal of fouling. This reduces the flow dead zone and fouling deposits formed during use, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and reducing the frequency of downtime maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, specifically to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and also to a heat exchange method for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] In the production process of thermal power plants, steam becomes low-temperature exhaust steam after being powered by the turbine. This exhaust steam is then discharged into the condenser to condense and release heat. Most of this condensation heat is absorbed by the circulating water and then directly discharged into the atmosphere through the cooling tower, resulting in significant energy waste and environmental thermal pollution. Therefore, a power plant circulating water heat energy recovery device has emerged. This device recovers the low-temperature waste heat (30~45℃) carried by the circulating water and converts it into usable heat energy. Its core applications include heating for the plant area and surrounding residents, preparing domestic hot water, and preheating industrial processes, achieving energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection.

[0003] Currently, power plant circulating water heat energy reuse devices mainly include heat exchange devices, heat pump devices, and heat storage devices. Among them, shell and tube heat exchangers are the most widely used heat exchange devices due to their high pressure resistance and adaptability to large flow rates. Their core consists of a shell, tube bundle, tube sheet, and baffles. Circulating water and secondary heat exchange medium achieve heat transfer through the tube bundle.

[0004] In existing technologies, shell-and-tube heat exchangers commonly employ fixed baffles that are permanently connected to the shell. Their core function is to alter the flow direction of the shell-side fluid, causing it to laterally scour the tube bundles, thereby disrupting the boundary layer, enhancing turbulence, and thus improving heat transfer. However, during operation, fixed baffles are prone to creating dead zones at their notches and tube bundle gaps, where fluid tends to stagnate and short-circuit, significantly reducing heat transfer efficiency. Furthermore, fouling easily accumulates in the static gaps between the baffles and the shell and tube bundles; this fouling cannot be cleaned online, requiring frequent shutdowns for maintenance, thus increasing operating costs.

[0005] In addition, fixed baffles cannot adapt to the fluctuating flow rate of circulating water in power plants. When the circulating water flow rate is too high, the high-speed fluid intensifies the scouring of the baffle edge and tube bundle, which can easily cause equipment wear. When the circulating water flow rate is too low, the fluid velocity is insufficient, the dead zone will expand further, and the scaling speed will accelerate. This restricts the stable and efficient operation of the circulating water heat energy reuse device.

[0006] Therefore, how to reduce the flow dead zone and fouling deposits formed during the use of shell-and-tube heat exchangers in order to improve heat exchange efficiency is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those in this technical field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, this application provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to reduce flow dead zones and fouling deposits formed during the use of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a shell, a plurality of heat exchange tubes disposed within the shell, and a baffle plate sleeved on the heat exchange tubes, wherein the baffle plate is slidably engaged with the heat exchange tubes along the axial direction of the heat exchange tubes.

[0009] The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes:

[0010] The reciprocating roller is capable of driving the baffle plate to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube by the target motion; the reciprocating roller is disposed inside the tube shell and has an extension end extending to the outside of the tube shell; the reciprocating roller is arranged parallel to the heat exchange tube and passes through the reciprocating connection holes of all the baffle plates in sequence.

[0011] A drive component for driving the reciprocating roller to perform the target motion, the drive component being connected to the extension end of the reciprocating roller in a transmission connection.

[0012] In the heat exchange process of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the driving component drives the reciprocating roller to perform the target motion, thereby driving the baffle plate to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the target motion is a rotary motion; the reciprocating roller rotatably passes through the reciprocating connecting hole;

[0014] The reciprocating roller and the reciprocating connecting hole are connected by a helical transmission structure, which can convert the rotational motion of the reciprocating roller into the axial movement of the baffle plate along the reciprocating roller.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a connecting sleeve is fixedly sleeved in each of the reciprocating connecting holes, and the reciprocating roller is rotatably inserted through the connecting sleeve;

[0016] The helical transmission structure includes:

[0017] A radial protrusion is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve, and the radial protrusion extends radially along the connecting sleeve;

[0018] A reciprocating guide spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the reciprocating roller, and the radial protrusion slides in cooperation with the reciprocating guide spiral groove; the reciprocating guide spiral groove includes a first spiral groove and a second spiral groove with opposite directions of rotation, which are arranged intersectingly, and the radial protrusion can selectively slide into the first spiral groove or the second spiral groove at the intersection of the reciprocating guide spiral grooves;

[0019] When the reciprocating roller rotates, the radial protrusion slides in the reciprocating guide spiral groove, and drives the connecting sleeve and the baffle to move back and forth along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller.

[0020] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove have multiple intersection positions in the axial direction of the reciprocating roller;

[0021] The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes:

[0022] A limiting block is used to limit the travel of the baffle plate along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller. The limiting block is detachably embedded in one of the intersection positions of the reciprocating guide spiral groove. The axial position of the limiting block on the reciprocating roller is adjustable.

[0023] A movable adjustment component is used to adjust the axial position of the limiting block on the reciprocating roller; the movable adjustment component is connected to the limiting block.

[0024] Optionally, in the above-described shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the limiting block has a first extension extending from the intersection position toward the groove segment of the first spiral groove away from the baffle plate and a second extension extending toward the groove segment of the second spiral groove away from the baffle plate.

[0025] The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes:

[0026] A switching component is used to drive the limiting block to switch between engaging and disengaging with the reciprocating guide spiral groove. The switching component is disposed on the moving adjustment component.

[0027] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the multiple intersections of the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove are located at the same circumferential position of the reciprocating roller;

[0028] The movable adjustment component includes:

[0029] A movable sleeve is movably sleeved on the outside of the reciprocating roller along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller;

[0030] A support plate is fixedly mounted on the movable sleeve;

[0031] The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the limiting block;

[0032] A positioning post is arranged radially along the reciprocating roller. One end of the positioning post is movably inserted into the support plate radially along the reciprocating roller, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0033] The switching component drives the connecting plate to move relative to the support plate along the radial direction of the reciprocating roller, thereby engaging or disengaging the limiting block from the reciprocating guide spiral groove.

[0034] After the limiting block separates from the reciprocating guide spiral groove, the moving sleeve moves the limiting block to another intersection position of the reciprocating guide spiral groove by moving along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller.

[0035] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the moving adjustment assembly further includes a moving drive structure for driving the moving sleeve to move axially along the reciprocating roller; the moving drive structure includes:

[0036] A movable column is movably disposed in the movable cavity of the reciprocating roller along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller, and the movable column extends along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller;

[0037] A fixed rod is fixedly connected to the movable column and the movable sleeve; a first guide groove penetrating the thickness of the movable cavity is provided on the side wall of the movable cavity, and the fixed rod is slidably inserted into the first guide groove along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller;

[0038] A movable plate is movably sleeved on the extension end of the reciprocating roller along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller, and the extension end of the reciprocating roller is provided with a second guide groove communicating with the movable cavity of the reciprocating roller.

[0039] A positioning rod is slidably inserted into the second guide groove along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller; one end of the positioning rod is fixedly connected to the movable plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the moving column; the movable plate drives the moving column and the moving sleeve to move through the positioning rod.

[0040] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the switching assembly includes:

[0041] The movable column is fixedly connected to the connecting plate and movably connected to the support plate along the radial direction of the reciprocating roller; the movable column is arranged parallel to the positioning column;

[0042] A rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the support plate; the rotating sleeve is rotatably fitted onto the movable column, and a third spiral groove is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the movable column; the rotating sleeve is provided with a guide protrusion that slides with the third spiral groove.

[0043] A rotation drive structure is provided for driving the rotating sleeve to rotate; the rotation drive structure is connected to the rotating sleeve.

[0044] When the rotating sleeve rotates, the guide protrusion slides in the third spiral groove, and drives the movable column and the connecting plate to move radially along the reciprocating roller, so that the limiting block engages or disengages from the reciprocating guide spiral groove.

[0045] Optionally, in the above-mentioned shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the rotation drive structure includes:

[0046] A rotating rod is fixed to one side of the rotating sleeve, and a groove extending radially along the rotating sleeve is provided on the rotating rod;

[0047] A movable rod, one end of which is slidably disposed in the groove via a connecting shaft; the connecting shaft is connected to the movable rod;

[0048] A movable plate, one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable rod, is movably disposed in the movable cavity of the reciprocating roller along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller;

[0049] A fixed plate is slidably disposed in the second guide groove along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller; the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable plate;

[0050] A threaded column is rotatably connected to the movable plate and threadedly connected to the fixed plate.

[0051] When the threaded column is rotated, the fixed plate, along with the moving plate and the moving rod, can be driven to move along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller, thereby driving the rotating rod and the rotating sleeve to rotate.

[0052] Optionally, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger described above also includes a locking structure for locking the movable plate and the reciprocating roller along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller;

[0053] The locking structure includes:

[0054] The positioning block is fixed to one side of the movable plate;

[0055] A limiting post is movably inserted into the positioning block along the radial direction of the reciprocating roller; the reciprocating roller has a plurality of limiting holes distributed along its axial direction, and the limiting post is positioned and engaged with one of the limiting holes;

[0056] The mounting block is disposed at the end of the limiting post away from the limiting hole;

[0057] An elastic element is used to apply a pulling force toward the limiting hole to the limiting post; one end of the elastic element is fixedly connected to the mounting block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the positioning block.

[0058] In a second aspect, this application provides a heat exchange method for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, wherein during the heat exchange process of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a baffle plate is moved back and forth along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube.

[0059] As can be seen from the above technical solution, in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in this application, the baffles slide along the axial direction of the heat exchange tubes, meaning the baffles can slide freely on the heat exchange tubes. When the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is working, after the medium requiring heat exchange, such as water (or circulating water), enters the shell, the drive unit is activated, driving the reciprocating rollers to perform a target motion. The reciprocating rollers, through this target motion, drive the baffles to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tubes, thus causing the baffles to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tubes during the heat exchange process.

[0060] The shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in this application replaces the fixed baffles with reciprocating moving baffles. This allows the baffles to effectively sweep through the flow dead zones within the shell side during reciprocating movement, preventing circulating water stagnation or short circuits; simultaneously, it continuously disturbs the flow field and tears the heat exchange boundary layer on the tube wall, significantly reducing thermal resistance. Furthermore, during reciprocating movement, the edges of the baffles can scrape the outer wall of the tube bundle and the inner wall of the shell, achieving online fouling removal. Therefore, it reduces the flow dead zones and fouling deposits that form in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger during operation, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency, reducing downtime for maintenance, and lowering operating costs.

[0061] Meanwhile, the heat exchange method for the shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in this application employs a reciprocating movement of the baffles during the heat exchange process. In this way, the baffles effectively sweep through the flow dead zones within the shell side during their reciprocating movement, preventing circulating water stagnation or short circuits; simultaneously, they continuously disturb the flow field and tear the heat exchange boundary layer on the tube wall, significantly reducing thermal resistance. Furthermore, during the reciprocating movement, the edges of the baffles can scrape the outer wall of the tube bundle and the inner wall of the shell, achieving online removal of fouling. Therefore, it can reduce the flow dead zones and fouling deposits formed during the use of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency, reducing the frequency of downtime for maintenance, and lowering operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0062] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0063] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the baffles, reciprocating rollers, and drive components of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0066] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the local structure;

[0067] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the reciprocating rollers of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the moving adjustment assembly and switching assembly of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0069] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the switching assembly portion of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0071] in, Figures 1-8 The reference numerals in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0072] 1. Shell and tube; 2. Heat exchange tubes; 3. Baffle plate; 4. Connecting sleeve;

[0073] 5. Reciprocating roller; 51. First guide groove; 52. Limiting hole; 53. Reciprocating guide spiral groove; 54. Movable cavity; 55. Second guide groove;

[0074] 6. Radial protrusions; 7. Limiting blocks;

[0075] 8. Adjustable moving assembly; 81. Moving sleeve; 82. Support plate; 83. Positioning post; 84. Connecting plate; 85. Moving post; 86. Fixing rod; 87. Movable plate; 871. Positioning block; 872. Limiting post; 873. Mounting block; 874. Elastic element; 88. Positioning rod;

[0076] 9 Switching component; 91 Movable column; 92 Rotating sleeve; 911 Third spiral groove; 93 Guide protrusion; 94 Rotating rod; 941 Slide groove; 95 Connecting shaft; 96 Moving rod; 97 Moving plate; 98 Fixed plate; 99 Threaded column;

[0077] 10. Drive components. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0079] These embodiments are provided to make the disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as exemplary only and not as limiting.

[0080] It should be noted that, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0081] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the permissible margin of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the permissible margin of error. Terms such as "including" or "contains" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.

[0082] It should also be noted that, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure depending on the specific circumstances. When a particular device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the particular device and the first or second device.

[0083] All terms used in this disclosure have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0084] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0085] This application provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger that can be used as a heat exchange device in a power plant circulating water heat energy reuse device. It can realize the heat transfer between circulating water and secondary heat exchange medium through tube bundles, recover the low-temperature waste heat (30~45℃) carried by the circulating water, and convert it into usable heat energy. It can be used for heating of the plant area and surrounding residents, preparation of domestic hot water, preheating of industrial processes, etc., to achieve energy saving, consumption reduction and environmental protection emission reduction.

[0086] For details, please refer to Figures 1-8 The shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes a shell 1, multiple heat exchange tubes 2 disposed inside the shell 1, and baffles 3 sleeved on the heat exchange tubes 2. The baffles 3 slide in cooperation with the heat exchange tubes 2 along the axial direction of the heat exchange tubes 2.

[0087] The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a reciprocating roller 5 and a drive unit 10; the reciprocating roller 5 can drive the baffle plate 3 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 2 through the target motion; the reciprocating roller 5 is disposed inside the shell 1 and has an extension end extending to the outside of the shell 1; the reciprocating roller 5 is arranged parallel to the heat exchange tube 2 and passes through the reciprocating connection holes of all the baffle plates 3 in sequence; the drive unit 10 is used to drive the reciprocating roller 5 to perform the target motion, and the drive unit 10 is connected to the extension end of the reciprocating roller 5 in a transmission connection.

[0088] In the heat exchange process of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the driving component 10 drives the reciprocating roller 5 to perform target motion, thereby driving the baffle plate 3 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 2.

[0089] It should be noted that the tube shell 1 is equipped with a circulating water inlet and outlet, as well as a water inlet and outlet for the water to be heated. One end of the reciprocating roller 5 extends to the outside of the tube shell 1, and the connection between the roller 5 and the tube shell 1 is sealed.

[0090] This application allows for manual or controller-controlled operation during the heat exchange process in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, where the drive unit 10 drives the reciprocating roller 5 to perform a target motion. When a controller is used, a detector is provided to detect whether the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is in the heat exchange process. For example, a flow meter that detects the water flow rate at the circulating water inlet or water flow inlet of the shell-and-tube 1 works in conjunction with the controller to automatically trigger the baffle plate 3 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 2.

[0091] As can be seen from the above technical solution, in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in this application embodiment, the baffle plate 3 is slidably engaged with the heat exchange tube 2 along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 2, that is, the baffle plate 3 can slide freely on the heat exchange tube 2. When the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is working, after the medium to be heat-exchanged, such as water (or circulating water), enters the shell 1, the drive component 10 is activated, and the drive component 10 drives the reciprocating roller 5 to perform the target movement. The reciprocating roller 5 drives the baffle plate 3 to move back and forth along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 2 through this target movement, thereby causing the baffle plate 3 to move back and forth along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 2 during the heat exchange process.

[0092] The shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in this embodiment changes the baffle plate 3 from a fixed type to a reciprocating type. In this way, the baffle plate 3 can effectively sweep through the flow dead zone within the shell side during its reciprocating movement, preventing circulating water stagnation or short circuits; simultaneously, it continuously disturbs the flow field and tears the heat exchange boundary layer of the tube wall, significantly reducing thermal resistance. Furthermore, during the reciprocating movement, the edges of the baffle plate 3 can scrape the outer wall of the tube bundle and the inner wall of the shell 1, achieving online removal of fouling. Therefore, it can reduce the flow dead zone and fouling deposits formed during the use of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency, while reducing the frequency of downtime for maintenance and lowering operating costs.

[0093] For example, the drive unit 10 is fixed to one side of the tube housing 1 by a mounting bracket, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the reciprocating roller 5. The drive unit 10 can be a drive motor, or it can be a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor, or a rotary actuator with a reducer.

[0094] In some embodiments, the target motion of the reciprocating roller 5 is rotational motion; the reciprocating roller 5 rotatably passes through the reciprocating connecting hole; wherein the reciprocating roller 5 and the reciprocating connecting hole are connected by a helical transmission structure, the helical transmission structure being able to convert the rotational motion of the reciprocating roller 5 into the axial movement of the baffle 3 along the reciprocating roller 5, such as... Figure 3 As shown. When the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is working, when the drive unit 10 drives the reciprocating roller 5 to rotate, the mating surfaces in the helical drive structure (such as the radial protrusion and the reciprocating guide helical groove in the embodiment below) will slide relative to each other. Since the axial position of the reciprocating roller 5 is restricted (specifically because it is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive unit 10), this relative sliding motion is converted into the axial movement of the baffle plate 3.

[0095] This helical drive structure converts rotary motion into linear reciprocating motion, offering advantages such as compact structure, smooth transmission, and high load-bearing capacity. It is particularly suitable for shell-and-tube heat exchangers with limited internal space and requiring long-term continuous operation. In other embodiments not shown, the helical drive structure can also use a ball screw pair instead of a sliding helical pair to further reduce friction, improve transmission efficiency, and extend service life. Alternatively, a rack can be installed on the outer circumference of the reciprocating roller 5, and gears can be installed on the baffle plate 3 to mesh with the rack, combined with a reversing mechanism to achieve reciprocating movement.

[0096] In other embodiments, the target motion of the reciprocating roller 5 can also be linear motion, for example, by directly driving the reciprocating roller 5 axially using a linear motor or cylinder, as long as it can drive the baffle plate 3 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 2. Furthermore, the number of reciprocating rollers 5 is not limited to one; two or more can be provided depending on the diameter of the heat exchanger to provide a smoother drive.

[0097] In some embodiments, a connecting sleeve 4 is fixedly sleeved in each reciprocating connecting hole, and a reciprocating roller 5 is rotatably inserted through the connecting sleeve 4. The helical drive structure includes a radial protrusion 6 and a reciprocating guide helical groove 53. Figure 5 As shown, a radial protrusion 6 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve 4, and the radial protrusion 6 extends radially along the connecting sleeve. Figure 4 As shown, the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the reciprocating roller 5, and the radial protrusion 6 slides in cooperation with the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53. The reciprocating guide spiral groove 53 includes a first spiral groove and a second spiral groove with opposite directions of rotation, which are arranged intersectingly (similar to an "X" shape). The radial protrusion 6 can selectively slide into the first spiral groove or the second spiral groove at the intersection position of the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53. When the reciprocating roller 5 rotates, the radial protrusion 6 slides in the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53 and drives the connecting sleeve 4 and the baffle plate 3 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5.

[0098] During operation, when the reciprocating roller 5 rotates continuously in one direction (e.g., clockwise), the radial protrusion 6 enters the first spiral groove (e.g., right-handed) at the intersection position, slides along the first spiral groove, and drives the baffle plate 3 to move in one direction (e.g., forward). When it reaches the end of the first spiral groove, the radial protrusion 6 naturally transitions to the intersection position and slides into the second spiral groove (e.g., left-handed). At this time, while the reciprocating roller 5 continues to rotate in the same direction, the radial protrusion 6 slides in the opposite direction along the second spiral groove, driving the baffle plate 3 to move in the opposite direction (e.g., backward). This process repeats, achieving the effect of automatically reversing the direction of the baffle plate 3 without changing the rotation direction of the reciprocating roller 5. In this way, by setting two spiral grooves with opposite rotation directions and intersection, the automatic reciprocating movement of the baffle plate 3 can be achieved simply by driving the reciprocating roller 5 to rotate continuously in one direction, eliminating the need for frequent forward and reverse rotation of the motor, simplifying the control logic, reducing motor losses, and improving the reliability and service life of the system.

[0099] In other embodiments, the radial protrusion 6 can be provided on the reciprocating roller 5, while the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve 4. The reciprocating guide spiral groove 53 can also include only one spiral groove with a single direction of rotation, such as a first spiral groove or a second spiral groove, so that reciprocating motion is achieved by changing the rotation direction of the reciprocating roller 5. The spiral drive structure can also adopt other structural forms, such as a threaded engagement structure, in which the outer circumferential surface of the reciprocating roller 5 is provided with an external thread, and the inner circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve 4 is provided with an internal thread, so that the rotational motion is converted into axial movement through the threaded engagement.

[0100] In addition, in this embodiment, a connecting sleeve 4 is fixedly fitted into the reciprocating connection hole of each baffle 3 for mounting the reciprocating roller 5, and a radial protrusion 6 of a helical drive structure is provided. This allows the connecting sleeve 4 to be fitted with the radial protrusion 6 before being installed into the reciprocating connection hole of the baffle 3, facilitating processing and assembly. Of course, this application may also omit the connecting sleeve 4 and directly provide the radial protrusion 6 in the reciprocating connection hole of the baffle 3.

[0101] For example, the cross-sectional shape of the spiral groove can be trapezoidal, rectangular, or semi-circular, as long as it can form a sliding fit with the radial protrusion 6. The reciprocating guide spiral groove 53 on the outer side of the reciprocating roller 5 is divided into multiple segments along the axial direction, each segment corresponding to a baffle 3, which allows the baffle 3 to move within a specified area.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first helical groove and the second helical groove have multiple intersection positions (i.e., points where the two helical grooves intersect) in the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a limit block 7 and a moving adjustment assembly 8, as shown. Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown. The limiting block 7 is used to limit the travel of the baffle plate 3 along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5. The limiting block 7 is detachably embedded in one of the intersection positions of the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53; the axial position of the limiting block 7 on the reciprocating roller 5 is adjustable. The moving adjustment component 8 is used to adjust the axial position of the limiting block 7 on the reciprocating roller 5; the moving adjustment component 8 is connected to the limiting block 7.

[0103] In this embodiment, the limiting block 7 is used to block the radial protrusion 6 from continuing to advance, thereby forcing the radial protrusion 6 to change direction in advance at the intersection position, thus limiting the movement stroke of the baffle 3. When the radial protrusion 6 slides to the intersection position where the limiting block 7 is located, it cannot continue to advance along the original spiral groove due to the obstruction of the limiting block 7, and is thus forced to slide into another spiral groove, thereby achieving early reversal.

[0104] The axial position of the limiting block 7 on the reciprocating roller 5 is adjustable. By adjusting the limiting block 7 to different intersection positions using the movable adjustment component 8, the radial protrusion 6 will be forced to change direction at different positions, thereby changing the stroke length of the reciprocating movement of the baffle 3. The closer the limiting block 7 is to the baffle 3, the shorter the stroke; the farther away the limiting block 7 is from the baffle 3, the longer the stroke. In this embodiment, by setting an adjustable limiting block 7, the flexible adjustment of the movement stroke of the baffle 3 is achieved, thereby optimizing the movement range of the baffle 3 according to different operating conditions (such as the size of the circulating water flow), ensuring that the dead zone is swept while avoiding unnecessary excessive movement. In this way, the baffle plate 3 can adaptively adjust its moving stroke and speed according to the inlet water flow rate, perfectly solving the problem that existing fixed baffle plates cannot adapt to fluctuations in circulating water flow: when the flow rate is too high, it automatically increases the moving stroke and speed to buffer the fluid impact force and reduce directional scouring and vibration wear of the tube bundle; when the flow rate is too low, it automatically reduces the moving stroke and speed to avoid excessive disturbance, while suppressing the expansion of dead zones and the deposition of fouling, ensuring that the heat exchanger can operate stably and efficiently under different operating conditions, and further improving the energy-saving effect and operational stability of the power plant's circulating water heat energy reuse device.

[0105] It is understood that the movable adjustment component 8 can be a manually adjustable structure or an electrically or pneumatically automatic adjustment structure. In other embodiments, the limit block 7 and the movable adjustment component 8 may be omitted, so that the reciprocating stroke of the baffle 3 remains constant.

[0106] In some embodiments, the limiting block 7 has a first extension extending from the intersection position toward the groove segment of the first spiral groove away from the baffle 3 and a second extension extending toward the groove segment of the second spiral groove away from the baffle 3. In this embodiment, referring to... Figure 6 The limiting block 7 has a special bifurcated structure. By blocking the channels on the side away from the baffle plate 3 in the two spiral grooves through the first extension section and the second extension section respectively, it can simultaneously block the two spiral grooves in different directions, ensuring that the radial protrusion 6 can be reliably blocked and trigger the reversal no matter which direction it reaches the intersection position from. At the same time, the limiting area is increased, which can improve the limiting effect.

[0107] Based on this, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a switching component 9, which is used to drive the limiting block 7 to switch between engaging and disengaging with the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53. The switching component 9 is mounted on the moving adjustment component 8.

[0108] If the inlet flow rate changes and the travel of the baffle plate 3 needs to be adjusted to adapt to the fluctuation, firstly, the limiting block 7 is lifted upwards by the switching component 9 (i.e., separated from the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53). At this point, the limiting block 7 no longer obstructs the radial protrusion 6. Then, the limiting block 7 is moved above the new intersection position by the moving adjustment component 8, and then the limiting block 7 is lowered into the new intersection position by the switching component 9, completing the travel adjustment. The first and second extensions of the limiting block 7 extend into the "far end" sections of the two spiral grooves, ensuring that the radial protrusion 6 is effectively blocked when it comes from both directions. In this way, the position of the limiting block 7 can be adjusted when it is separated from the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53, without the need to open an adjustment groove on the reciprocating roller 5 for sliding adjustment of the limiting block 7. This avoids the adjustment groove affecting the mating area between the radial protrusion 6 and the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53, thus ensuring the smoothness of the reciprocating movement.

[0109] In other embodiments, the limiting block 7 can block only the area on the side of the spiral groove intersection away from the baffle 3, which can also prevent the radial protrusion 6 from continuing to advance. In this case, the area where the limiting block 7 and the spiral groove cooperate is small, so the switching component 9 can be omitted. The intersection position where the limiting block 7 is engaged can be adjusted by opening an adjustment groove on the reciprocating roller 5 for sliding adjustment of the limiting block 7 or by using the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53 itself to directly guide the sliding of the limiting block 7.

[0110] In some embodiments, multiple intersections of the first and second helical grooves are located at the same circumferential position of the reciprocating roller 5. For example... Figure 4 As shown, all intersections of the two spiral grooves are on the same angular line of the reciprocating roller 5, for example, all directly above it; this makes it convenient for the limiting block 7 to switch between different intersection positions, requiring only axial movement without circumferential rotation; moreover, the pitch, spiral angle and other parameters of the two spiral grooves are the same, which is convenient for processing.

[0111] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the movable adjustment assembly 8 includes a movable sleeve 81, a support plate 82, a positioning post 83, and a connecting plate 84. The movable sleeve 81 is movably sleeved on the outside of the reciprocating roller 5 along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5. The support plate 82 is fixedly disposed on the movable sleeve 81; for example, as... Figure 6As shown, the support plate 82 is L-shaped. The connecting plate 84 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 7; the positioning post 83 is arranged radially along the reciprocating roller 5, one end of the positioning post 83 is movably inserted into the support plate 82 radially along the reciprocating roller 5, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 84. The switching assembly 9 drives the connecting plate 84 to move radially relative to the support plate 82 along the reciprocating roller 5, thereby engaging or disengaging the limiting block 7 from the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53; when the limiting block 7 disengages from the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53, the moving sleeve 81 moves axially along the reciprocating roller 5, thereby moving the limiting block 7 to another intersection position of the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53.

[0112] When it is necessary to adjust the axial position of the limiting block 7 on the reciprocating roller 5, firstly, the switching component 9 drives the connecting plate 84 to move radially outward relative to the support plate 82, thereby causing the limiting block 7 to lift upward and separate from the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53. After separation, the moving sleeve 81 can move freely along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5. Then, through the axial movement of the moving sleeve 81, the support plate 82, positioning post 83, connecting plate 84, and limiting block 7 are moved axially as a whole to above another intersection position. Next, the switching component 9 is reversed, causing the connecting plate 84 and the limiting block 7 to move radially inward, so that the limiting block 7 engages in the new intersection position.

[0113] In this way, by designing multiple intersecting positions in the same circumferential position, stroke adjustment only requires axial movement of the limiting block 7, eliminating the need for complex circumferential alignment, thus greatly simplifying the design and operation of the adjustment mechanism. The mating structure of the movable sleeve 81, support plate 82, connecting plate 84, and positioning column 83 is compact and the transmission is reliable. In other embodiments, a linear bearing or ball bearing can be provided between the movable sleeve 81 and the reciprocating roller 5 to reduce friction during axial movement. The support plate 82 is not limited to an L-shape; it can also be a rectangular plate or an arc-shaped plate, as long as it can provide radial guidance for the positioning column 83.

[0114] Furthermore, the movable adjustment assembly 8 also includes a movable drive structure for driving the movable sleeve 81 to move axially along the reciprocating roller 5. The movable drive structure includes a movable column 85, a fixed rod 86, a movable plate 87, and a positioning rod 88. Wherein:

[0115] like Figure 5 As shown, the movable column 85 is movably disposed in the movable cavity 54 of the reciprocating roller 5 along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5. The movable column 85 extends along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5 and is elongated.

[0116] Continue as Figure 5As shown, the fixed rod 86 is fixedly connected to the movable column 85 and the movable sleeve 81. A first guide groove 51, penetrating the thickness of the movable cavity 54 of the reciprocating roller 5, is provided on the side wall of the cavity. The fixed rod 86 is slidably inserted into the first guide groove 51 along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5. That is, the fixed rod 86 passes through the first guide groove 51 and can slide along the axial direction of the first guide groove 51.

[0117] like Figure 8 As shown, the movable plate 87 is movably sleeved on the extension end of the reciprocating roller 5 (i.e. the end outside the tube shell 1) along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5. The extension end of the reciprocating roller 5 is provided with a second guide groove 55 that communicates with the movable cavity 54 of the reciprocating roller 5.

[0118] Continue as Figure 8 As shown, the positioning rod 88 is slidably inserted into the second guide groove 55 along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5; one end of the positioning rod 88 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 87, and the other end extends into the movable cavity 54 and is fixedly connected to the moving column 85; the movable plate 87 drives the moving column 85 and the moving sleeve 81 to move through the positioning rod 88.

[0119] When the travel of the baffle plate 3 needs to be adjusted, the operator manually pushes or pulls the movable plate 87. The movable plate 87 drives the moving column 85 to move axially along the reciprocating roller 5 in the movable cavity 54 via the positioning rod 88. The moving column 85 drives the moving sleeve 81 to move axially synchronously along the outside of the reciprocating roller 5 via the fixing rod 86. Since the limiting block 7 and its associated components (connecting plate 84, positioning column 83, support plate 82) are all installed on the moving sleeve 81, the limiting block 7 also moves axially to the target intersection position.

[0120] In this way, by integrating the moving drive structure into the inside and end of the reciprocating roller 5, the axial position of the internal limiting block 7 can be adjusted from the outside of the tube shell 1 without damage; the tube shell 1 does not need to be opened during adjustment, and the stroke can be adjusted without stopping the machine, which greatly facilitates on-site operation.

[0121] In other embodiments, the movable plate 87 can be connected to an electric push rod or a micro motor to achieve electric automatic adjustment of the stroke. The number of the first guide slot 51 and the second guide slot 55 is not limited to one; multiple slots can be arranged circumferentially to balance the force.

[0122] In some embodiments, the switching component 9 includes a movable column 91, a rotating sleeve 92, and a rotation drive structure. Wherein:

[0123] like Figure 6 As shown, the movable column 91 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 84 and is movably connected to the support plate 82 along the radial direction of the reciprocating roller 5, that is, the movable column 91 can move relative to the support plate 82 along the radial direction of the reciprocating roller 5; the movable column 91 and the positioning column 83 are arranged in parallel.

[0124] like Figure 7 As shown, the rotating sleeve 92 is rotatably connected to the support plate 82, meaning the rotating sleeve 92 can rotate around its own axis, but its axial position is fixed relative to the support plate 82. The rotating sleeve 92 is rotatably fitted onto the movable column 91, and a third helical groove 911 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the movable column 91. The rotating sleeve 92 is provided with a guide protrusion 93 that slides with the third helical groove 911. Specifically, the guide protrusion 93 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the rotating sleeve 92 or fixed on the rotating sleeve 92 and extends inward.

[0125] The rotation drive structure is used to drive the rotating sleeve 92 to rotate; the rotation drive structure is connected to the rotating sleeve 92.

[0126] When the rotating sleeve 92 rotates, the guide protrusion 93 slides in the third spiral groove 911, and drives the movable column 91 and the connecting plate 84 to move radially along the reciprocating roller 5, so that the limiting block 7 engages or disengages from the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53.

[0127] When the rotating drive structure drives the rotating sleeve 92 to rotate, the third spiral groove 911 on the movable column 91 slides relative to the guide protrusion 93 on the rotating sleeve 92. Since the axial position of the rotating sleeve 92 is restricted by the support plate 82, while the movable column 91 can move radially along the reciprocating roller 5, this relative motion is converted into linear movement of the movable column 91 along the radial direction of the reciprocating roller 5. The movable column 91 synchronously drives the connecting plate 84 and the limiting block 7 to move radially, thereby completing the engagement or disengagement of the limiting block 7 with the reciprocating guide spiral groove 53.

[0128] This embodiment employs a cam-type structure of "rotating sleeve + movable column + spiral groove" to achieve radial movement, which has advantages such as compact structure, reliable motion conversion, and good self-locking. In other embodiments, an electromagnet can be used to directly drive the movable column 91 to move radially, or a fork structure can be used. The third spiral groove 911 can be formed on the rotating sleeve 92 while the guide protrusion 93 is provided on the movable column 91, with the same effect. The spiral direction of the spiral groove can be left-handed or right-handed, as long as it matches the rotation direction.

[0129] In a further embodiment, the rotation drive structure includes a rotating rod 94, a moving rod 96, a moving plate 97, a fixed plate 98, and a threaded post 99; as shown Figures 5-8 As shown, where:

[0130] A rotating rod 94 is fixed to one side of a rotating sleeve 92 and rotates together with the rotating sleeve 92. A groove 941 extending radially along the rotating sleeve 92 is provided on the rotating rod 94. One end of a movable rod 96 is slidably disposed within the groove 941 via a connecting shaft 95, which is connected to the movable rod 96; that is, one end of the movable rod 96 is fixed to the connecting shaft 95, which is slidably disposed within the groove 941. One end of a movable plate 97 is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable rod 96, and the movable plate 97 is movably disposed in the movable cavity 54 of the reciprocating roller 5 along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5. A fixed plate 98 is slidably disposed through the second guide groove 55 along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5; the fixed plate 98 is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable plate 97 (i.e., the end away from the movable rod 96). A threaded column 99 is rotatably connected (e.g., via a bearing) to the movable plate 87 and threadedly connected to the fixed plate 98. When the threaded column 99 is rotated, the fixed plate 98, together with the moving plate 97 and the moving rod 96, can be driven to move along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5, thereby driving the rotating rod 94 and the rotating sleeve 92 to rotate.

[0131] If the inlet water flow rate changes, and the travel of the baffle plate 3 needs to be adjusted to adapt to the fluctuations in water flow, the threaded column 99 is rotated. Since the axial position of the threaded column 99 is restricted by the movable plate 87 (it can only rotate, not move), and the fixed plate 98 is threadedly engaged with the threaded column 99, the fixed plate 98 will move axially along the reciprocating roller 5. The fixed plate 98 then simultaneously drives the movable plate 97 to move axially. The movable plate 97 drives the movable rod 96 to move axially. The movable rod 96 slides within the slide groove 941 via the connecting shaft 95, applying a thrust to the inner wall of the slide groove 941, thereby pushing the rotating rod 94 to rotate around the axis of the rotating sleeve 92. The rotating rod 94 then drives the rotating sleeve 92 to rotate, thereby triggering the aforementioned limiting block 7 to move radially.

[0132] In this embodiment, the rotational motion of the threaded column 99 is converted into the linear motion of the fixed plate 98 through the cooperation of the threaded column 99 with the movable plate 87 and the fixed plate 98. This, combined with the moving rod 96 and the rotating rod 94, achieves a force-amplifying effect of "small external torque input → large internal thrust output". Simultaneously, the threaded engagement has self-locking properties, ensuring the stability of the rotating sleeve 92 at any rotation angle without the need for an additional locking mechanism.

[0133] In other embodiments, a micro motor can be used to drive the rotating sleeve 92 to rotate, or a worm gear mechanism can be used. A handwheel or knob can be provided at the outer end of the threaded column 99 for convenient manual operation.

[0134] Based on the above embodiments, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a locking structure for locking the movable plate 87 and the reciprocating roller 5 along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5. The locking structure is used to lock the movable plate 87 and the reciprocating roller 5 axially after the stroke adjustment is completed, so as to prevent the movable plate 87 from moving accidentally due to vibration or other reasons and changing the set stroke.

[0135] like Figure 8 As shown, the locking structure includes a positioning block 871, a limiting post 872, a mounting block 873, and an elastic element 874. The positioning block 871 is fixed to one side of the movable plate 87. The limiting post 872 is radially movably inserted into the positioning block 871. The reciprocating roller 5 has multiple limiting holes 52 distributed along its axial direction, and the limiting post 872 is positioned and engaged with one of the limiting holes 52. The multiple limiting holes 52 are arranged in a straight line along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller 5 on the outer circumferential surface of the extended end of the reciprocating roller 5. The number and position of the limiting holes 52 correspond to the aforementioned multiple intersecting positions. The mounting block 873 is located at the end of the limiting post 872 away from the limiting hole 52 (i.e., the outer end). The elastic element 874 applies a tensile force towards the limiting hole 52 to the limiting post 872; one end of the elastic element 874 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 873, and the other end is fixedly connected to the positioning block 871. Specifically, the elastic element 874 is a tension spring.

[0136] Under normal operating conditions, the tension of the elastic element 874 pulls the limiting post 872 into the corresponding limiting hole 52, thereby locking the relative axial position of the movable plate 87 and the reciprocating roller 5. When it is necessary to adjust the reciprocating stroke of the baffle plate 3, the operator manually pulls the limiting post 872 outward, causing it to overcome the tension of the elastic element 874 and disengage from the limiting hole 52. At this time, the movable plate 87 can move freely axially. After moving to the new target position, the limiting post 872 is released, and it automatically engages in the new limiting hole 52 under the tension of the elastic element 874, completing the locking.

[0137] This locking structure is simple, reliable, and easy to operate, providing a clear "click" feedback for the operator. The elastic element 874 ensures that the limit post 872 remains in the locked position when not in operation, effectively preventing accidental stroke drift caused by equipment vibration. In other embodiments, the elastic element 874 can also be a compression spring (in which case the installation method needs to be adjusted accordingly) or a spring sheet. The limit hole 52 can be a through hole or a blind hole. A pull ring or handle can be provided at the outer end of the limit post 872 for easy operation. Alternatively, a set screw can be used instead of the limit post and spring structure, but the ease of operation is slightly reduced.

[0138] This application embodiment also provides a heat exchange method for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, wherein during the heat exchange process of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the baffle plate 3 is moved back and forth along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 2.

[0139] The heat exchange method for the shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in this application embodiment employs a reciprocating movement of the baffle 3 during the heat exchange process. In this way, the baffle 3 effectively sweeps through the flow dead zone within the shell side during its reciprocating movement, preventing circulating water stagnation or short circuits; simultaneously, it continuously disturbs the flow field and tears the heat exchange boundary layer of the tube wall, significantly reducing thermal resistance. Furthermore, during the reciprocating movement, the edges of the baffle 3 can scrape the outer wall of the tube bundle and the inner wall of the shell 1, achieving online removal of fouling. Therefore, it can reduce the flow dead zone and fouling deposits formed during the use of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency, while reducing the frequency of downtime for maintenance and lowering operating costs.

[0140] Specifically, the heat exchange method for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in this application embodiment can be applied to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided in any of the above embodiments. The specific implementation steps of this heat exchange method are as follows:

[0141] Start the drive unit 10 to drive the reciprocating roller 5 to rotate continuously in one direction. The reciprocating guide spiral groove 53 on the reciprocating roller 5 interacts with the radial protrusion 6 in the connecting sleeve 4 on the baffle plate 3, converting the rotational motion of the reciprocating roller 5 into the reciprocating linear movement of the baffle plate 3 along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 2.

[0142] During the reciprocating movement of the baffle 3, its body sweeps across areas within the shell that might otherwise form flow dead zones, driving stagnant fluid to participate in heat exchange and eliminating short-circuit flow. The movement of the baffle 3 continuously disturbs the shell-side flow field, constantly tearing the laminar boundary layer on the wall of the heat exchange tube 2, thinning the boundary layer, and thus significantly reducing the heat transfer resistance. The edges of the baffle 3 repeatedly scrape against the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2 and the inner wall of the shell 1 during its movement, removing dirt adhering to the surface and carrying it away with the fluid.

[0143] Compared with the traditional fixed baffle heat exchange method, this method has the following significant advantages:

[0144] ① Significantly improved heat exchange efficiency: Actively eliminating flow dead zones and boundary layers, thereby increasing both the effective heat exchange area and the heat transfer coefficient.

[0145] ② Achieve online self-cleaning: Remove dirt from the outer wall of the heat exchange tube and the inner wall of the shell without stopping the machine.

[0146] ③ Extend equipment maintenance cycle: Reduce the frequency of downtime for cleaning due to scaling, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0147] ④ Enhanced adaptability: Combined with the travel adjustment function, the movement parameters can be adjusted according to changes in flow rate to achieve adaptive optimization.

[0148] This method is not limited to using a rotary reciprocating roller drive; a linear motor can also be used to directly drive the baffle plate 3 to reciprocate. The moving frequency and stroke of the baffle plate 3 can be optimized according to factors such as the specific size of the heat exchanger, the properties of the medium, and the flow rate. For example, for media with high viscosity, the moving frequency can be appropriately reduced; for media prone to fouling, the moving frequency and stroke can be appropriately increased. This method is also applicable to other types of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, such as fixed tube sheet, floating head, or U-tube heat exchangers, simply by modifying the baffle plate into a movable structure.

[0149] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0150] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a shell (1), a plurality of heat exchange tubes (2) disposed within the shell (1), and baffles (3) sleeved on the heat exchange tubes (2), characterized in that, The baffle plate (3) is slidably fitted with the heat exchange tube (2) along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube (2); The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes: The reciprocating roller (5) can drive the baffle (3) to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube (2) by the target motion; the reciprocating roller (5) is disposed inside the tube shell (1) and has an extension end extending to the outside of the tube shell (1); the reciprocating roller (5) is arranged parallel to the heat exchange tube (2) and passes through the reciprocating connection holes of all the baffles (3) in sequence; A drive member (10) for driving the reciprocating roller (5) to perform the target motion, the drive member (10) being connected to the extension end of the reciprocating roller (5) in a transmission connection. During the heat exchange process of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the driving element (10) drives the reciprocating roller (5) to perform the target motion, thereby driving the baffle plate (3) to reciprocate along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube (2).

2. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target motion is a rotational motion; the reciprocating roller (5) can rotatably pass through the reciprocating connecting hole; The reciprocating roller (5) is connected to the reciprocating connecting hole by a helical transmission structure. The helical transmission structure can convert the rotational motion of the reciprocating roller (5) into the axial movement of the baffle plate (3) along the reciprocating roller (5).

3. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the reciprocating connecting holes is fixedly fitted with a connecting sleeve (4), and the reciprocating roller (5) is rotatably inserted through the connecting sleeve (4). The helical transmission structure includes: A radial protrusion (6) is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve (4), and the radial protrusion (6) extends radially along the connecting sleeve; A reciprocating guide spiral groove (53) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the reciprocating roller (5), and the radial protrusion (6) slides in cooperation with the reciprocating guide spiral groove (53); the reciprocating guide spiral groove (53) includes a first spiral groove and a second spiral groove with opposite directions of rotation, which are arranged intersectingly, and the radial protrusion (6) can selectively slide into the first spiral groove or the second spiral groove at the intersection position of the reciprocating guide spiral groove (53); When the reciprocating roller (5) rotates, the radial protrusion (6) slides in the reciprocating guide spiral groove (53) and drives the connecting sleeve (4) and the baffle plate (3) to reciprocate along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5).

4. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5), the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove have multiple intersection positions; The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes: A limiting block (7) is used to limit the travel of the baffle plate (3) along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5). The limiting block (7) is detachably embedded in one of the intersection positions of the reciprocating guide spiral groove (53). The axial position of the limiting block (7) on the reciprocating roller (5) is adjustable. The movable adjustment component (8) is used to adjust the axial position of the limiting block (7) on the reciprocating roller (5); the movable adjustment component (8) is connected to the limiting block (7).

5. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting block (7) has a first extension extending from the intersection position toward the groove segment of the first spiral groove away from the baffle (3) and a second extension extending toward the groove segment of the second spiral groove away from the baffle (3). The shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes: The switching component (9) is used to drive the limiting block (7) to switch between engaging and disengaging with the reciprocating guide spiral groove (53). The switching component (9) is disposed on the moving adjustment component (8).

6. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The multiple intersections of the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove are located at the same circumferential position of the reciprocating roller (5); The movable adjustment component (8) includes: A movable sleeve (81) is movably sleeved on the outside of the reciprocating roller (5) along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5); The support plate (82) is fixedly mounted on the movable sleeve (81); The connecting plate (84) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (7); The positioning column (83) is arranged radially along the reciprocating roller (5). One end of the positioning column (83) is movably inserted into the support plate (82) radially along the reciprocating roller (5), and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (84). The switching component (9) drives the connecting plate (84) to move radially relative to the support plate (82) along the reciprocating roller (5), thereby causing the limiting block (7) to engage or disengage from the reciprocating guide spiral groove (53). After the limiting block (7) separates from the reciprocating guide spiral groove (53), the moving sleeve (81) moves the limiting block (7) to another intersection position of the reciprocating guide spiral groove (53) by moving along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5).

7. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that, The movable adjustment assembly (8) further includes a movable drive structure for driving the movable sleeve (81) to move axially along the reciprocating roller (5); the movable drive structure includes: A movable column (85) is movably disposed in the movable cavity (54) of the reciprocating roller (5) along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5), and the movable column (85) extends along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5). A fixed rod (86) is fixedly connected to the movable column (85) and the movable sleeve (81); the side wall of the movable cavity (54) is provided with a first guide groove (51) that penetrates its thickness, and the fixed rod (86) is slidably inserted into the first guide groove (51) along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5). The movable plate (87) is movably sleeved on the extension end of the reciprocating roller (5) along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5), and the extension end of the reciprocating roller (5) is provided with a second guide groove (55) communicating with the movable cavity (54) of the reciprocating roller (5). The positioning rod (88) is slidably inserted into the second guide groove (55) along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5); one end of the positioning rod (88) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (87), and the other end is fixedly connected to the moving column (85); the movable plate (87) drives the moving column (85) and the moving sleeve (81) to move through the positioning rod (88).

8. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that, The switching component (9) includes: The movable column (91) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (84) and movably connected to the support plate (82) along the radial direction of the reciprocating roller (5); the movable column (91) and the positioning column (83) are arranged parallel to each other. Rotating sleeve (92) is rotatably connected to the support plate (82); the rotating sleeve (92) is rotatably sleeved on the movable column (91), and a third spiral groove (911) is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the movable column (91), and a guide protrusion (93) is provided on the rotating sleeve (92) to slide in cooperation with the third spiral groove (911). A rotation drive structure is provided for driving the rotating sleeve (92) to rotate; the rotation drive structure is connected to the rotating sleeve (92); When the rotating sleeve (92) rotates, the guide protrusion (93) slides in the third spiral groove (911) and drives the movable column (91) and the connecting plate (84) to move radially along the reciprocating roller (5), so that the limiting block (7) engages or disengages from the reciprocating guide spiral groove (53).

9. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rotation drive structure includes: A rotating rod (94) is fixed to one side of the rotating sleeve (92), and a groove (941) extending radially along the rotating sleeve (92) is provided on the rotating rod (94). A movable rod (96) has one end slidably disposed in the slide groove (941) via a connecting shaft (95); the connecting shaft (95) is connected to the movable rod (96); A movable plate (97) is fixedly connected at one end to the other end of the movable rod (96). The movable plate (97) is movably disposed in the movable cavity (54) of the reciprocating roller (5) along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5). A fixed plate (98) is slidably inserted through the second guide groove (55) along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5); the fixed plate (98) is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable plate (97); The threaded column (99) is rotatably connected to the movable plate (87) and threadedly connected to the fixed plate (98); When the threaded column (99) is rotated, the fixed plate (98) along with the moving plate (97) and the moving rod (96) can be driven to move along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5), thereby driving the rotating rod (94) and the rotating sleeve (92) to rotate.

10. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a locking structure for locking the movable plate (87) and the reciprocating roller (5) along the axial direction of the reciprocating roller (5). The locking structure includes: Positioning block (871) is fixed to one side of the movable plate (87); A limiting post (872) is movably inserted into the positioning block (871) along the radial direction of the reciprocating roller (5); the reciprocating roller (5) has a plurality of limiting holes (52) distributed along its axial direction, and the limiting post (872) is positioned and engaged with one of the limiting holes (52). Mounting block (873) is disposed at the end of the limiting post (872) away from the limiting hole (52); An elastic element (874) is used to apply a pulling force toward the limiting hole (52) to the limiting post (872); one end of the elastic element (874) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (873), and the other end is fixedly connected to the positioning block (871).

11. A heat exchange method for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, characterized in that, During the heat exchange process of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the baffle plate (3) is moved back and forth along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube (2).

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