A general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of data acquisition technology, specifically disclosing a general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations, comprising: a central processing unit (CPU), multiple sensor interfaces, a multiplexer, and a display; wherein, the interfaces are pluggable to connect to various types of sensors; the CPU has a built-in A / D converter and is loaded with a play-on module and a value correction module; the play-on module is used to control the multiplexer to select the corresponding sensor interface according to a preset sequence; the CPU sends a read request to the sensor connected to the currently selected sensor interface; the A / D converter is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the raw data returned by the sensor to obtain the observed values; the value correction module is used to automatically correct the observed values ​​by looking up a table; this invention can achieve high integration and compatibility of multiple sensors, ensuring the accuracy and comprehensiveness of data acquisition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data acquisition technology, and more specifically to a general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations. Background Technology

[0002] The collection of marine hydrological and meteorological observation data is fundamental to marine forecasting and marine disaster early warning, and is of paramount importance for disaster prevention and mitigation. Effective marine forecasting operations not only rely on real-time and stable data transmission, but also place extremely high demands on the real-time and continuous acquisition of observational data. With the increasing demands for marine scientific research, environmental protection, and disaster early warning, the real-time monitoring and accurate acquisition of marine environmental parameters have become crucial.

[0003] While traditional data acquisition devices have achieved intelligence, they still suffer from numerous drawbacks. The lack of unified design standards and technical specifications in hardware design means that acquisition devices from different manufacturers typically include a large number of digital and analog interface circuits and auxiliary circuits. Different sensors require independent and complex interface modules, increasing the overall system complexity, making the equipment bulky, energy-intensive, and unfavorable for installation, deployment, and long-term operation. my country's current market for marine hydrological and meteorological observation equipment is highly fragmented. Various manufacturers have developed multiple types of acquisition devices based on their own technologies and product positioning. These acquisition devices are mostly customized for specific brand and model sensors. Even acquisition devices from the same manufacturer of different types (such as hydrological data acquisition devices and hydrological and meteorological acquisition devices) may use different communication protocols and interfaces due to different application scenarios and requirements, making them difficult to interoperate. Furthermore, due to the lack of unified standards and open technical specifications in the industry, even if sensors of the same brand are selected, data acquisition devices produced by different manufacturers are difficult to connect seamlessly. This means that in order to meet the access needs of various types of sensors, users have to stock a large number of data acquisition device spare parts from different suppliers, and cannot centrally monitor the sensor devices connected to the data acquisition devices, which greatly increases the purchase cost and the difficulty of operation and maintenance.

[0004] The market lacks universal data acquisition devices that are widely compatible with existing sensors and support plug-and-play functionality, resulting in serious resource waste, difficulties in technology updates and iterations, and increased training costs for maintenance personnel in practical applications.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve a high degree of integration and compatibility of multiple sensors, and ensure the accuracy, security, effectiveness and comprehensiveness of data acquisition, is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations, so as to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations includes: a central processing unit, multiple sensor interfaces, a multiplexer, and a display; wherein the interfaces are pluggable to connect to various types of sensors; the central processing unit has a built-in A / D converter and is loaded with a video playback module and a numerical correction module;

[0009] The on-demand module is used to control the multiplexer to select the corresponding sensor interface according to a preset order; the central processing unit sends a read request to the sensor connected to the currently selected sensor interface.

[0010] The A / D converter is used to convert the raw data returned by the sensor from analog to digital to obtain the observed values;

[0011] The numerical correction module is used to automatically correct the observed values ​​by looking up a table;

[0012] The display is used to configure the parameters of the central processing unit and sensors, and to display the observation values ​​of each connected sensor in real time using a menu-driven adjustment method.

[0013] Furthermore, the sensor interface includes an RS-232 interface, an RS-485 interface, a digital input interface, a pulse signal interface, a 0~5V voltage interface, and a 4~20mA current interface, with at least one of each type of sensor interface provided.

[0014] Furthermore, each sensor's power supply line is equipped with a current monitoring unit to collect the sensor's power supply current.

[0015] Furthermore, the on-demand module includes a timing unit and a scheduling unit;

[0016] The timing unit is used to construct a task list of all connected sensor address IDs and corresponding data reading commands to be read at a specified time.

[0017] The scheduling unit is used to send read requests to each sensor in sequence according to the task list. After sending a read request to the last sensor in the task list, it returns to the first sensor in the task list after a preset time interval to perform the next round of read requests.

[0018] Furthermore, the calculation formula for correcting the sensor's observed values ​​by the numerical correction module is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] in, This indicates the current observed value from the sensor; This indicates that the value is less than the currently observed value. The most recent integer calibration reference point; This indicates that the value is greater than the currently observed value. The most recent integer calibration reference point; Indicates the reference point for integer calibration. The corresponding calibration correction value; Indicates the reference point for integer calibration. The corresponding calibration correction value; This indicates the corrected observation values; , , and All of these are obtained by searching a pre-set correction table.

[0021] Furthermore, the terminal also includes a cache module, and the central processing unit is also loaded with an automatic data header recognition module;

[0022] The caching module is used to cache the raw data streams returned by each sensor;

[0023] The automatic header identification module is used to retrieve raw data byte by byte from the cache and compare it with a preset header template. If it does not match the preset header template, the currently retrieved raw data is discarded and the matching continues. If it matches the preset header template, the identified header identifier is compared with a preset sensor data template to identify the sensor category from which the current header identifier originates. After matching the header identifier of the corresponding sensor, the frame start position is locked, and the complete raw data stream is extracted from the cache. The extracted complete raw data stream is then transmitted to the A / D converter for analog-to-digital conversion.

[0024] Furthermore, the terminal also includes a storage module, which is used to integrate and store the corrected observation values ​​according to the sensor address ID and time sequence.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes a communication module, which is connected to the central processing unit and the host computer respectively; the central processing unit is used to continuously send the corrected observation values ​​to the host computer, and when the network is abnormal, it temporarily stores the corrected observation values ​​in the storage module, and after the network is restored, it continues to transmit the temporarily stored observation data to the host computer.

[0026] Furthermore, a reverse insertion protection diode is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the power interface of the terminal; the reverse insertion protection diode is a fast recovery diode or a Schottky diode.

[0027] Furthermore, each of the sensor interfaces is connected to a surge protector.

[0028] Furthermore, the display is also used to issue an alarm message when the observed value exceeds or falls below a preset value.

[0029] Furthermore, the terminal also includes a solar power module.

[0030] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) This invention has strong versatility through a unified interface standard and modular design. Users do not need to equip themselves with a large number of dedicated data acquisition devices for different application scenarios, thereby greatly reducing the number of spare parts and related storage costs. It can be adapted to various observation facilities and platforms such as ocean stations, volunteer ships and buoys. At the same time, it reduces the complexity of maintenance and management caused by the wide variety of equipment, making the operation of the entire observation network more convenient and efficient.

[0032] (2) The present invention can automatically identify and efficiently collect various sensor data connected to the system. Whether it is hydrological and atmospheric parameters or meteorological information, it can accurately capture them in real time and realize intelligent analysis and correction of the sensors, further improving the reliability and response speed of the observation results.

[0033] (3) The overall operating power of the present invention is strictly controlled within 0.1W. It can be continuously powered by a small solar power system, completely eliminating the dependence on traditional mains power. It can work stably in remote areas or extreme environments, showing extremely high environmental adaptability and energy utilization efficiency.

[0034] (4) The present invention uses low-power components, which effectively reduces component losses and extends service life; in addition, multiple protection mechanisms such as anti-reverse insertion protection diodes and surge protectors are set for key interfaces to resist electrical interference and physical damage that may affect the normal operation of the equipment.

[0035] (5) This invention fully adopts industry-recognized standard interfaces. This standardized design not only simplifies the process of connecting with other devices and systems, but also facilitates the unification and standardization of data formats, and promotes the seamless integration of data sharing and remote monitoring functions. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a framework diagram of the general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations, sensors, and a host computer provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the on-demand module in this embodiment of the invention sequentially initiating "on-demand" data acquisition requests to each connected sensor;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the automatic data header recognition process provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the data acquisition process of the general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this invention discloses a general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations, including: a central processing unit, multiple sensor interfaces, a multiplexer, and a display; wherein, the interfaces are pluggable to connect to various types of sensors; the central processing unit has a built-in A / D converter and is loaded with a video playback module and a numerical correction module;

[0045] The on-demand module is used to control the multiplexer to select the corresponding sensor interfaces according to a preset order; the central processing unit sends a read request to the sensor connected to the currently selected sensor interface.

[0046] The A / D converter is used to convert the raw data returned by the sensor from analog to digital to obtain the observed values;

[0047] The numerical correction module is used to automatically correct observed values ​​by looking up tables.

[0048] The display is used to configure the parameters of the central processing unit and sensors, and to display the observation values ​​of each connected sensor in real time using a menu-driven adjustment method.

[0049] In one embodiment, the sensor interface includes an RS-232 interface, an RS-485 interface, a digital input interface, a pulse signal interface, a 0-5V voltage interface, and a 4-20mA current interface, with at least one of each type of sensor interface. Specifically, this embodiment includes eight RS-232 interfaces, one RS-485 interface, two digital input interfaces, one pulse signal interface, two 0-5V voltage interfaces, and four 4-20mA current interfaces, with one RS-232 interface serving as a display interface. Because there are various types and models of sensors, and the collected data information is also different, this embodiment configures multiple interfaces to accommodate the integration of various sensors. Furthermore, the terminal of this invention also includes a human-machine interface, as well as RAM, FLASH, RTC, and SD card interfaces.

[0050] More advantageously, this invention integrates an A / D converter within the central processing unit (CPU), ultimately integrating the A / D converter, on-chip low-noise analog power supply module, on-chip precision reference power supply module, input buffer / programmable gain amplifier, anti-aliasing filter, and digital self-calibration logic into the same CPU. Traditional methods often employ separate A / D conversion circuits and analog and reference power supply paths, resulting in a large number of components, large PCB area, high noise and interference, complex debugging and calibration, high power consumption, and low reliability. This invention, through its integrated on-chip power supply and reference design, shortest analog signal link, and real-time self-calibration, significantly reduces power consumption, increases operating speed, and simplifies circuit board design. Utilizing integrated circuit design technology allows for the high integration of various device interfaces, reducing the space occupied by components and improving the overall system integration and reliability.

[0051] In one embodiment, each sensor's power supply line is equipped with a current monitoring unit for acquiring the sensor's power supply current. Specifically, a series sampling resistor method can be used, in which a precision sampling resistor, typically 125Ω or 250Ω, is connected in series in the sensor's power supply circuit. The sensor's output current flows through the sampling resistor, converting the current signal into a standard voltage. An internal A / D converter acquires this voltage, and software is used to convert and reconstruct the current value.

[0052] The current monitoring unit monitors the current status of each sensor and records the data, displaying it on a monitor for staff to access and review. By comparing the recorded current values ​​of each sensor with the sensor's readings, staff can determine if there is a problem with the sensor itself if current is present but no parameters are transmitted back. Conversely, if the sensor transmits data but no current is transmitted, the current monitoring unit is faulty.

[0053] In one embodiment, the on-demand module includes a timing unit and a scheduling unit;

[0054] The timing unit is used to create a task list of all connected sensors whose data is to be read and their corresponding data reading commands at a specified time.

[0055] The scheduling unit sends read requests to each sensor sequentially according to the task list. After sending a read request to the last sensor in the task list, it returns to the first sensor in the task list after a preset time interval to start the next round of read requests.

[0056] This embodiment uses a polling or dynamic scheduling method, and the specific process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a "on-demand" data acquisition request is sequentially sent to each connected sensor, repeatedly completing the efficient synchronous acquisition of data from multiple sensors. First, the timing unit sets a timer according to a specified time, starting a cyclic timing mechanism. A task list is constructed from all connected digital sensors with data to be read and their corresponding data reading commands, arranged in a predetermined order: first sensor, second sensor, and so on. Each sensor is assigned a unique address ID. When the timer reaches the start of each round, the scheduling unit, based on the task list, controls the multiplexer to select the first sensor interface, then sends a specific "on-demand" read request to the first sensor, waiting for its response. After the central processing unit receives the data from the first sensor, it immediately processes the corresponding data through an A / D converter and a numerical correction module, storing the data in a designated memory area. Then, following the task list order, the multiplexer selects the second sensor interface, sending the same data request to the second sensor. This process continues until all connected sensors have been traversed, and after completing the last task, the system returns to the first sensor to begin the next round of the reading cycle.

[0057] This embodiment involves multiplexing technology, which refers to multiple sensors sharing a single signal acquisition channel (i.e., a multiplexer), thereby reducing hardware resource usage. If each sensor were allocated an independent acquisition channel, significant resources would be wasted, especially when multiple signals need to be acquired simultaneously. Therefore, the application of sensor multiplexing technology can improve system acquisition efficiency while reducing hardware costs. At any given time, only one interface is selected, and matching data read commands are sent to each sensor sequentially according to a polling mechanism. The sensors recognize the commands and transmit the new observation data back to the central processing unit via the bus. Multiplexing technology allows for time-division multiplexing of multiple signals and shares signals from multiple sensors through a single channel, reducing the number of channels and connections, saving hardware resources, and improving acquisition efficiency and system reliability.

[0058] In one embodiment, the calculation formula for the numerical correction module to correct the sensor's observed values ​​is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] in, This indicates the current observed value from the sensor; This indicates that the value is less than the currently observed value. The most recent integer calibration reference point; This indicates that the value is greater than the currently observed value. The most recent integer calibration reference point; Indicates the reference point for integer calibration. The corresponding calibration correction value; Indicates the reference point for integer calibration. The corresponding calibration correction value; This indicates the corrected observation values; , , and All of these are obtained by searching a pre-set correction table.

[0061] Taking air pressure as an example, if the observed value of the overcalibrated air pressure sensor needs to be corrected, the program has a built-in air pressure correction table. When the air pressure is 990, the correction value is -0.5, when it is 1000, the correction value is -0.3, and when it is 1010, the correction value is 0.1.

[0062] First, an uncorrected observation value A is read, A=997.5. The interval of A is determined to be between 990 and 1000. A1=990, A2=1000, B1=-0.5, B2=-0.3. Substituting these values ​​into the formula, we get:

[0063]

[0064] The calculated result B is rounded to one decimal place, i.e., B = -0.35 ≈ -0.4. Therefore, the correction value for this observation is -0.4, and the final output corrected air pressure = sensor observation value + correction value.

[0065] In one embodiment, the terminal further includes a cache module, and the central processing unit is also loaded with an automatic data header identification module. The cache module is used to cache the raw data streams returned by each sensor. The automatic data header identification module is used to retrieve the raw data byte by byte from the cache and compare it with a preset data header template. If it does not match the preset data header template, the currently retrieved raw data is discarded and the matching continues. If it matches the preset data header template, the identified data header identifier is compared with a preset sensor data template to identify the sensor category from which the current data header identifier originates. After matching the data header identifier of the corresponding sensor, the frame start position is locked, and the complete raw data stream is extracted from the cache. The extracted complete raw data stream is then transmitted to the A / D converter for analog-to-digital conversion.

[0066] Specifically, the data header is a set of fixed characteristic bytes (such as 0xAA, 0x55, 0xFF, etc.) located before the valid data in communication messages, sensor frames, and serial protocol frames. It marks the start of a data frame. The program does not need to manually configure a fixed start position; it automatically searches, matches, and locates the data header from the serial data stream, thus distinguishing each complete data frame. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the automatic header recognition process is as follows:

[0067] Step 1: Continuously receive the continuous, unordered byte data stream sent by the sensor and the host computer, and store it in the receiving buffer;

[0068] Step 2: The program has built-in preset data header features (single byte or multi-byte packet header, such as 0x55AA, 0xAA55). It slides and compares the data byte by byte from the buffer and retrieves the data to compare with the built-in data header template. If they do not match, they are discarded or shifted and the matching continues.

[0069] Step 3: Once consecutive bytes completely match the preset data header features, the frame start position is identified, the sliding search stops, and the data receiving state is entered; the identified data header identifier is compared with the preset sensor data template to identify the sensor category from which the current data header identifier originates.

[0070] Step 4: After matching the corresponding sensor, the corresponding results are sent to the central processing unit. The central processing unit starts the corresponding data reading program, receives subsequent data according to the protocol, and transmits the received complete raw data stream to the A / D converter for analog-to-digital conversion. The data is then automatically corrected by the numerical correction module to obtain specific environmental observation element values, including key observation indicators such as wind speed, temperature, humidity, air pressure, rainfall, visibility, temperature and salinity, and tide level.

[0071] Step 5: After receiving and parsing a frame of data, it automatically re-enters the next round of data header search state, and continuously and automatically identifies the header of the next frame.

[0072] More advantageously, the terminal also includes a storage module, which integrates and stores the corrected observation values ​​according to sensor address ID and time sequence. The storage module also provides short-term storage for files used for resource pool management and long-term storage for observation data files.

[0073] In one embodiment, the display is used to configure and display observation information for the entire terminal and connected sensors. Sensor configuration uses a menu-driven adjustment method, allowing users to select the corresponding sensor according to their needs. The display features a large touchscreen for easy configuration of the data acquisition unit. The menu-driven adjustment method involves clicking the wind sensor menu on the touchscreen to bring up the corresponding sensor model, allowing users to select the appropriate sensor model for configuration. The display mainly shows real-time time, real-time observation element information, and a list of sensor current status records.

[0074] In this embodiment, the display serves as a visualization component, possessing both configuration management and visualization functions. On one hand, it is used to set connection parameters, sensor sampling frequency, communication methods, etc. On the other hand, it displays the observation data at the current time point, the communication connection status, and records the sensor current status, thereby realizing data acquisition visualization.

[0075] In other embodiments, the terminal of the present invention is further provided with a communication interface and a wireless communication module, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the terminal connects to an external platform or host computer via a communication interface or wireless communication module. The central processing unit continuously sends the corrected observation values ​​to the host computer, and in the event of a network failure, temporarily stores the corrected observation values ​​in the storage module. After the network is restored, the temporarily stored observation data is transmitted back to the host computer.

[0076] In an advantageous embodiment, a reverse insertion protection diode is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the terminal's power interface to ensure that the device is not damaged due to incorrect polarity when connected to power. The reverse insertion protection diode is a fast recovery diode or a Schottky diode, which has a low forward voltage drop and a high reverse withstand voltage. Specifically, IN400x series rectifier diodes and IN58xx series Schottky barrier diodes can be used, suitable for reverse connection protection in low-voltage applications.

[0077] In addition, each sensor interface and communication interface is connected to a surge protector.

[0078] The data acquisition process of the terminal of this invention will be further explained below, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it specifically includes:

[0079] (1) The terminal assigns a unique address to each connected sensor according to the preset program, and presets the corresponding data reading command according to the sensor type;

[0080] (2) The terminal traverses all connected sensors to determine whether new observation data has been generated: if no new data is generated, it enters the loop traversal; if new data is generated, the data collector sends the corresponding data request instruction to the specified sensor according to the pre-stored sensor address and the corresponding data reading command.

[0081] (3) After receiving the data reading command, the sensor determines whether the received data reading command matches its own response command;

[0082] (4) If there is no match, the corresponding instruction is retrieved again and the data is requested to be read again; if there is a match, the sensor retrieves the newly observed data and sends it to the terminal.

[0083] (5) After receiving the data from the sensor, the terminal parses the data according to the pre-set information recognition rules and protocols, and converts the analog signal into a digital signal;

[0084] (6) The parsed data will be temporarily stored in RAM. The CPU will perform further quality control on the parsed data and automatically correct the calibrated sensor data.

[0085] (7) The terminal determines whether the communication network is working properly. If the communication network connection is abnormal, the data will be temporarily stored in the SD card and sent after the network is working properly. If the communication network connection is normal, the data will be sent directly.

[0086] The entire process can be divided into three parts: data acquisition, data processing, and data storage. During data acquisition, a clock system is used to periodically obtain observation data from the sensor. When the sensor receives a data acquisition request, it identifies whether the request matches its own response command according to preset rules and parameters, and automatically reads the observation data. The data acquisition unit automatically acquires the target data. Specifically, the serial port acquires 20 observation data points per second and calculates the average value, then acquires 60 data points per minute for 1 second and calculates the average value after that.

[0087] During data processing, a data processing program is run on the collected raw data to perform preliminary analysis and processing of the observation data, transforming the data into a recognizable and analyzable format. This process includes data cleaning and data conversion. The observation data analysis corresponds to hydrological and meteorological data from marine stations. This data is generally generated into data packets of a specified format according to the transmission protocols of different types of sensors. First, the terminal processes the observation data according to the transmission protocol to obtain the observation values ​​of various observation elements. It also performs structured processing on the acquired data according to preset rules and templates to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. Data cleaning refers to operations such as deduplication and outlier removal of the collected raw data to ensure the accuracy of subsequent processing and analysis. Data cleaning is an indispensable part of the data acquisition and processing process, and its results directly affect the accuracy of subsequent analysis. Data conversion is the process of converting analog signals (pulse signals, current, voltage) into digital signals through a program. Serial port data is converted into readable digital signals through RS-232 and RS-485 protocols.

[0088] Data storage is a crucial aspect of data acquisition, requiring stability, reliability, and security to ensure the effective recording, management, and utilization of the acquired marine environmental observation data. The data logger incorporates an SD card for storing observation data. This storage medium is shock-resistant, moisture-resistant, and corrosion-resistant, making it suitable for long-term use in marine environments. The terminal stores the acquired data digitally using standard data formats such as CSV, NetCDF, and JSON for subsequent data processing and analysis. A built-in program checks the communication link's connectivity. If the link is active, the observation data can be transmitted; otherwise, it is temporarily stored on the SD card. Once the link is established, the data is transmitted to the ground station or server via the communication device interface for real-time monitoring and access.

[0089] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 6As shown, the outer casing 1 of the terminal of this invention is a cuboid made of aluminum alloy, measuring 260mm x 180mm x 80mm. The display 2 is embedded in the front of the cuboid casing, and multiple interfaces 3 are provided on the side, including multiple sensor interfaces, power interfaces, and communication interfaces. In use, first check the casing for any damage; then, open the cover at the interface according to the label, insert the wiring into the corresponding interface, and rotate the knob on the wiring to secure it. Power on the device to check if it acquires data normally and if the display screen shows correctly; if normal, install the device in the designated location.

[0090] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0091] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A universal data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations, characterized in that, include: The system includes a central processing unit, multiple sensor interfaces, a multiplexer, and a display; wherein the interfaces are pluggable to connect to various types of sensors; the central processing unit has a built-in A / D converter and is loaded with a video-on-demand module and a numerical correction module. The on-demand module is used to control the multiplexer to select the corresponding sensor interface according to a preset order; the central processing unit sends a read request to the sensor connected to the currently selected sensor interface. The A / D converter is used to convert the raw data returned by the sensor from analog to digital to obtain the observed values; The numerical correction module is used to automatically correct the observed values ​​by looking up a table; The display is used to configure the parameters of the central processing unit and sensors, and to display the observation values ​​of each connected sensor in real time using a menu-driven adjustment method.

2. The general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor interfaces include RS-232 interface, RS-485 interface, digital input interface, pulse signal interface, 0~5V voltage interface and 4~20mA current interface, with at least one of each type of sensor interface provided.

3. The general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each sensor's power supply line is equipped with a current monitoring unit to collect the sensor's power supply current.

4. The general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The on-demand module includes a timing unit and a scheduling unit; The timing unit is used to construct a task list of all connected sensor address IDs and corresponding data reading commands to be read at a specified time. The scheduling unit is used to send read requests to each sensor in sequence according to the task list. After sending a read request to the last sensor in the task list, it returns to the first sensor in the task list after a preset time interval to perform the next round of read requests.

5. The general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation formula used by the numerical correction module to correct the sensor's observed values ​​is as follows: in, This indicates the current observed value from the sensor; This indicates that the value is less than the currently observed value. The most recent integer calibration reference point; This indicates that the value is greater than the currently observed value. The most recent integer calibration reference point; Indicates the reference point for integer calibration. The corresponding calibration correction value; Indicates the reference point for integer calibration. The corresponding calibration correction value; This indicates the corrected observation values; , , and All of these are obtained by searching a pre-set correction table.

6. The general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal also includes a cache module, and the central processing unit is also loaded with an automatic data header recognition module; The caching module is used to cache the raw data streams returned by each sensor; The automatic header identification module is used to retrieve raw data byte by byte from the cache and compare it with a preset header template. If it does not match the preset header template, the currently retrieved raw data is discarded and the matching continues. If it matches the preset header template, the identified header identifier is compared with a preset sensor data template to identify the sensor category from which the current header identifier originates. After matching the header identifier of the corresponding sensor, the frame start position is locked, and the complete raw data stream is extracted from the cache. The extracted complete raw data stream is then transmitted to the A / D converter for analog-to-digital conversion.

7. The general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal also includes a storage module, which is used to integrate and store the corrected observation values ​​according to the sensor address ID and time sequence.

8. The general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a communication module, which is connected to the central processing unit and the host computer respectively. The central processing unit is used to continuously send the corrected observation values ​​to the host computer, and when the network is abnormal, it temporarily stores the corrected observation values ​​in the storage module. After the network is restored, the temporarily stored observation data is continued to be transmitted to the host computer.

9. The general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A reverse insertion protection diode is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the power interface of the terminal; the reverse insertion protection diode is a fast recovery diode or a Schottky diode.

10. The general-purpose data and status information acquisition terminal for marine stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the sensor interfaces is connected to a surge protector.

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