A temperature and humidity detection device and method for tea fermentation

Abstract

This invention discloses a temperature and humidity detection device and method for tea fermentation, belonging to the field of tea production technology. The temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation includes a fermentation chamber with a cover plate on top. It also includes: a placement cylinder fixed inside the fermentation chamber by a connecting rod, with an airflow channel formed between the outer wall of the placement cylinder and the inner wall of the fermentation chamber, and air holes evenly distributed at the bottom of the placement cylinder; a temperature and humidity inlet assembly mounted on the fermentation chamber and connected to the internal cavity of the placement cylinder; a connecting shell including a fixedly connected upper shell and a lower shell, with a working cavity formed between the upper shell and the bottom of the placement cylinder, and a pneumatic cavity formed between the lower shell and the bottom inner wall of the fermentation chamber; and a temperature and humidity detection assembly located at the bottom of the placement cylinder. This invention, by installing a liftable temperature and humidity sensor inside the fermentation chamber, achieves undisturbed and accurate detection of tea leaves at different depths, solving the measurement blind zone problem of traditional fixed sensors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tea production technology, and in particular to a temperature and humidity detection device and method for tea fermentation. Background Technology

[0002] As one of the world's most popular beverages, the quality of tea is directly affected by every step in the production process. Among these, fermentation is a crucial step that determines the final flavor, aroma, and color of tea. Different types of tea (such as green tea, black tea, and oolong tea) have different requirements for fermentation conditions, and temperature and humidity control are important factors affecting the fermentation effect.

[0003] Existing fermentation equipment often uses single-point air supply from the top or side wall, which easily leads to the accumulation of hot and humid air in the upper part of the fermentation chamber, while the middle and lower parts suffer from insufficient temperature and humidity, creating a vertical gradient that results in uneven fermentation and energy waste. Furthermore, traditional temperature and humidity detection devices typically use fixed sensors, which can only monitor environmental parameters at fixed points within the chamber and cannot reflect the actual fermentation status at different depths within the tea pile in real time, resulting in significant measurement blind spots. Some improved solutions attempt to install movable detection probes inside the chamber, but their raising, lowering, or moving process easily disturbs the static fermentation environment of the tea, disrupting the continuity of the microbial community and enzymatic reactions, thus affecting fermentation quality. Simultaneously, existing equipment struggles to simultaneously fine-tune the pore size of the tea pile during detection, making it difficult for hot and humid airflow to penetrate the pile layer, easily leading to the formation of anaerobic or overheated areas in certain regions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art by proposing a temperature and humidity detection device and method for tea fermentation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation includes a fermentation chamber with a cover plate on top, and further includes: The placement cylinder is fixed inside the fermentation box by a connecting rod. An airflow channel is formed between the outer wall of the placement cylinder and the inner wall of the fermentation box. Air holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the placement cylinder. The temperature and humidity supply component is set on the fermentation box and connected to the internal cavity of the placement cylinder; The connecting shell includes an upper shell and a lower shell that are fixedly connected. A working cavity is formed between the upper shell and the bottom of the placement cylinder, and a pneumatic cavity is formed between the lower shell and the bottom inner wall of the fermentation tank. And a temperature and humidity detection component is provided at the bottom of the placement cylinder, and a lifting component for adjusting the detection position of the temperature and humidity detection component is provided inside the connecting shell. The lifting assembly is connected to an exhaust assembly for working with the pneumatic cavity to perform exhaust operations.

[0006] Preferably, the temperature and humidity delivery component includes a moisture delivery pipe and a hot air delivery pipe, both of which penetrate the side wall of the fermentation tank and are connected to the inside of the placement cylinder. A pressure relief valve is provided on the top of the cover plate.

[0007] Preferably, the temperature and humidity detection assembly includes several fixed tubes disposed at the bottom of the placement tube, a slide rod slidably connected inside the fixed tubes, a temperature and humidity sensor fixed on the slide rod, and an elastic element disposed between the top of the slide rod and the inner wall of the fixed tube. The lower side of the fixed tube is provided with a slot along its axial direction for exposing the temperature and humidity sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a reciprocating lead screw rotatably disposed at the bottom of the placement cylinder, a screw seat threadedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw, and a lifting plate fixedly connected to the screw seat. The bottoms of the sliding rods in the plurality of fixed tubes pass through the placement cylinder and are fixedly connected to the lifting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting assembly further includes a support plate fixed to the inner wall of the connecting shell, a drive motor mounted on the support plate, a rotating rod connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, a main bevel gear mounted on the rotating rod, a rotating rod rotatably mounted at the bottom of the placement cylinder, a secondary bevel gear mounted on the rotating rod and meshing with the main bevel gear, an arc-shaped rack fixedly connected to the rotating rod via a connecting plate, and a driven gear fixed to the bottom of the reciprocating screw and meshing with the arc-shaped rack.

[0010] Preferably, the exhaust assembly includes an eccentric shaft mounted on a rotating rod, a connecting rod rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft via a pin, a movable rod rotatably connected to the connecting rod and slidably connected to the connecting shell, and a piston plate fixed to the bottom of the movable rod and slidably connected to the inner wall of the working chamber.

[0011] Preferably, an air inlet valve is provided on the lower housing, an exhaust pipe is fixedly provided in the working chamber, an exhaust valve is provided at the bottom of the exhaust pipe, and an annular exhaust plate placed at the bottom of the placement cylinder is connected to the end of the exhaust pipe away from the working chamber. The annular exhaust plate has several exhaust holes.

[0012] Preferably, the annular exhaust plate is fixed with a plurality of conduits that communicate with its internal cavity. The end of the conduit away from the annular exhaust plate passes through the bottom of the placement cylinder and extends upward. The conduit is evenly distributed with micropores.

[0013] Preferably, a partition is fixed to the inner wall of the upper housing by bolts for receiving tea leaves falling from the air hole at the bottom of the placement cylinder.

[0014] This invention also discloses a method for detecting temperature and humidity during tea fermentation, which involves using the aforementioned temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation and includes the following steps: S1: Open the cover, pile the tea leaves evenly in the fermentation box, ensuring that the tea leaves cover the bottom of the placement cylinder and the conduit, close the cover, open the pressure relief valve, start the temperature and humidity feeding component, and send the medium into the placement cylinder through the moisture conveying pipe and the hot air conveying pipe to preheat the fermentation box. S2: Start the drive motor, and drive the temperature and humidity sensor to move up and down intermittently in the fixed tube through the lifting component to record the temperature and humidity data of the bottom, middle and top layers of the tea pile; S3: During the detection interval or set period, the hot air at the top is continuously drawn back to the bottom and released again using the exhaust assembly to achieve self-balance of temperature and humidity inside the chamber. The airflow discharged from the annular exhaust plate and duct keeps the tea leaves slightly fluffy, eliminating the need for manual turning. Based on the sensor feedback data, the temperature, humidity and flow rate parameters of the supplied hot air are adjusted until fermentation is complete. S4: After fermentation is complete, open the partition and take out the fermented tea leaves from the storage container.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a temperature and humidity detection device and method for tea fermentation, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, by setting up a height-adjustable temperature and humidity sensor inside the fermentation chamber, the sensor can be moved to different depths of the tea pile according to process requirements. The sensor is raised and lowered under the protection of the fixed tube, avoiding direct shearing friction with the tea leaves, and realizing "in-situ, non-stirring" measurement. This allows for the acquisition of gradient temperature and humidity data distributed along the height of the pile, reflecting the core fermentation process. This provides a key basis for accurately controlling the fermentation process and solves the technical problem of "inaccurate and incomplete measurement" in traditional methods.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the reciprocating motion of the piston plate actively collects and draws the hot and humid air accumulated at the top of the box to the bottom through the airflow channel, and then evenly reintroduces it into the tea pile through the annular exhaust plate and the microporous conduit. This top-down forced circulation path breaks the static heat stratification, allowing heat and humidity to diffuse efficiently and evenly in three-dimensional space, ensuring the consistency of fermentation conditions for the entire batch of tea and improving the uniformity of the finished product quality.

[0017] 3. In this invention, a single drive motor and mechanical transmission structure are used to achieve efficient linkage between lifting detection and airflow circulation. While driving the sensor to lift and lower to complete the detection task, the airflow circulation system can be driven to work synchronously without additional power. The pulsed airflow generated by the system seeps out from the air holes of the annular exhaust plate and the micropores of the duct, which can generate millimeter-level flexible disturbances on the compacted tea pile, effectively increasing porosity, preventing local caking, facilitating gas exchange, and ensuring the tea fermentation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting shell of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the fixing tube of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the rotating rod of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Fermentation chamber; 2. Cover plate; 3. Placement cylinder; 4. Upper shell; 5. Lower shell; 501. Air inlet valve; 6. Moisture conveying pipe; 7. Hot air conveying pipe; 8. Fixed pipe; 801. Sliding rod; 802. Temperature and humidity sensor; 803. Elastic element; 9. Support plate; 901. Drive motor; 902. Rotating rod; 9021. Main bevel gear; 10. Rotating rod; 1001. Secondary bevel gear; 1002. Arc rack; 11. Reciprocating screw; 111. Screw seat; 112. Lifting plate; 113. Driven gear; 12. Eccentric shaft; 121. Connecting rod; 122. Moving rod; 123. Piston plate; 13. Exhaust pipe; 131. Exhaust valve; 132. Annular exhaust plate; 14. Conduit; 15. Partition plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment proposes a temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation, including a fermentation chamber 1, with a cover plate 2 on the top of the fermentation chamber 1, and further including: Placement cylinder 3 is fixed inside fermentation box 1 by connecting rod. An airflow channel is formed between the outer wall of placement cylinder 3 and the inner wall of fermentation box 1. Air holes are evenly arranged at the bottom of placement cylinder 3. The temperature and humidity supply component is set on fermentation box 1 and connected to the internal cavity of placement cylinder 3; The connecting shell includes an upper shell 4 and a lower shell 5 that are fixedly connected. A working cavity is formed between the upper shell 4 and the bottom of the placement cylinder 3, and a pneumatic cavity is formed between the lower shell 5 and the bottom inner wall of the fermentation tank 1. And a temperature and humidity detection component is set at the bottom of the placement cylinder 3, and a lifting component for adjusting the detection position of the temperature and humidity detection component is set inside the connecting shell. The lifting assembly is connected to an exhaust assembly for working with the pneumatic chamber to perform exhaust operations. Specifically, open cover 2, evenly spread the tea leaves to be fermented in fermentation box 1, and pile the tea leaves in placement cylinder 3, then close cover 2; activate the temperature and humidity supply component to send air with specific temperature and humidity into the internal cavity of placement cylinder 3, regulating the temperature and humidity in fermentation box 1 to establish the environment required for fermentation; during fermentation, operate the lifting component to adjust the height of the temperature and humidity detection component in the tea pile, thereby detecting the temperature and humidity conditions at different depths. At the same time, the exhaust component linked to the lifting component is activated synchronously, working with the pneumatic chamber to perform exhaust and venting. This process promotes forced airflow in fermentation box 1, helps to balance the temperature and humidity in different areas of the box, and guides the hot and humid air accumulated at the top of the box back to the middle and lower parts, breaking the "thermal stratification" formed by the accumulation of hot and humid air at the top in traditional fermentation boxes 1, promoting the uniform diffusion of temperature and humidity in the tea pile, and improving fermentation uniformity; based on the detection results of the temperature and humidity detection component, continuously adjust the input air parameters through the temperature and humidity supply component, and optimize the microenvironment in the box through the coordinated work of lifting detection and exhaust, until fermentation is complete.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the temperature and humidity delivery component further includes a moisture delivery pipe 6 and a hot air delivery pipe 7, both of which penetrate the side wall of the fermentation tank 1 and are connected to the inside of the placement cylinder 3. The top of the cover plate 2 is equipped with a pressure relief valve. When the air pressure inside the box exceeds the preset safety value due to the input of hot air or the production of gas during fermentation, the pressure relief valve will automatically open to release the excess pressure and ensure the safety of the equipment. Specifically, during the initial stage of fermentation or when adjustments are needed, the input of the moisture delivery pipe 6 and the hot air delivery pipe 7 can be controlled independently. For example, hot air can be introduced first to increase the base temperature, and then moisture can be introduced to adjust the humidity, thus achieving decoupling and precise control of temperature and humidity. The moisture and hot air mix inside the placement cylinder 3 to form warm and humid air that meets the process requirements.

[0024] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the temperature and humidity detection assembly further includes several fixed tubes 8 disposed at the bottom of the placement tube 3, a slide rod 801 slidably connected in the fixed tubes 8, a temperature and humidity sensor 802 fixed on the slide rod 801, and an elastic element 803 disposed between the top of the slide rod 801 and the inner wall of the fixed tube 8. The lower side of the fixed tube 8 is provided with a slot along its axial direction for exposing the temperature and humidity sensor 802, and the length of the slot is the area where the temperature and humidity sensor 802 moves. Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a reciprocating screw 11 rotatably disposed at the bottom of the placement cylinder 3, a screw seat 111 threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw 11, and a lifting plate 112 fixedly connected to the screw seat 111. The bottoms of the sliding rods 801 in several fixed tubes 8 pass through the placement cylinder 3 and are all fixedly connected to the lifting plate 112. Furthermore, the lifting assembly also includes a support plate 9 fixed to the inner wall of the connecting shell, a drive motor 901 mounted on the support plate 9, a rotating rod 902 connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 901, a main bevel gear 9021 mounted on the rotating rod 902, a rotating rod 10 rotatably mounted at the bottom of the placement cylinder 3, a secondary bevel gear 1001 mounted on the rotating rod 10 and meshing with the main bevel gear 9021, an arc-shaped rack 1002 fixedly connected to the rotating rod 10 via a connecting plate, and a driven gear 113 fixed to the bottom of the reciprocating screw 11 and meshing with the arc-shaped rack 1002. Specifically, initially, the temperature and humidity sensor 802 is located at the bottom of the slot. When it is necessary to detect the temperature and humidity at different depths inside the tea pile, the drive motor 901 is started. The drive motor 901 drives the rotating rod 902 and the main bevel gear 9021 to rotate. The main bevel gear 9021 drives the meshing secondary bevel gear 1001 and the rotating rod 10 to rotate, thereby driving the arc-shaped rack 1002 fixed on the rotating rod 10 to perform circular motion. The arc-shaped rack 1002 meshes with the driven gear 113 fixed at the bottom of the reciprocating screw 11, driving the reciprocating screw 11 to rotate intermittently, with an interval of 2-3 minutes, so that the sensor can adapt to the current temperature and humidity. The rotation of the reciprocating screw 11... The motor drives the screw seat 111 and the lifting plate 112 connected to it to perform intermittent up-and-down reciprocating linear motion along the screw axis. The lifting plate 112 drives all the slide rods 801 to slide synchronously in their respective fixed tubes 8. When the sensor descends or rises to different depths with the slide rods 801, it stops and collects the temperature and humidity data at that point. After completing one lifting cycle, a series of measurement values ​​in the vertical direction can be obtained. After the measurement is completed, the drive motor 901 is stopped. The slotted design allows the sensor to directly contact the tea leaves, while the tube wall of the fixed tube 8 restricts the excessive displacement of the surrounding tea leaves. While acquiring longitudinal multi-point data inside the pile, it minimizes the interference with the static fermentation state of the tea leaves.

[0025] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the exhaust assembly further includes an eccentric shaft 12 disposed on the rotating rod 902, a connecting rod 121 rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft 12 via a pin, a movable rod 122 rotatably connected to the connecting rod 121 and slidably connected to the connecting shell, and a piston plate 123 fixed to the bottom of the movable rod 122 and slidably connected to the inner wall of the working chamber. A rubber sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the piston plate 123. Furthermore, an air inlet valve 501 is provided on the lower housing 5, an exhaust pipe 13 is fixedly provided in the working chamber, an exhaust valve 131 is provided at the bottom of the exhaust pipe 13, and an annular exhaust plate 132 placed at the bottom of the placement cylinder 3 is connected to the end of the exhaust pipe 13 away from the working chamber. Several exhaust holes are provided on the annular exhaust plate 132. Furthermore, a number of conduits 14 connected to its internal cavity are fixed on the annular exhaust plate 132. The end of the conduit 14 away from the annular exhaust plate 132 passes through the bottom of the placement cylinder 3 and extends upward. Micropores are evenly distributed on the conduit 14. Specifically, when the drive motor 901 starts and drives the rotating rod 902 to rotate continuously, the eccentric shaft 12 fixed on it moves in a circular motion. Through the transmission of the connecting rod 121, the rotational motion of the eccentric shaft 12 is converted into the vertical reciprocating linear motion of the moving rod 122 and the piston plate 123 in the working chamber. This eliminates the need for an additional independent fan or pump for airflow circulation, simplifying the structure and reducing energy consumption and cost. When the piston plate 123 moves upward under the drive of the transmission mechanism, the volume of the working chamber below it increases. The hot and humid air gathered at the top of the fermentation tank 1 is collected through the airflow channel to the air inlet valve 501 and drawn into the working chamber. When the piston plate 123 moves downward under the drive of the transmission mechanism, the volume of the working chamber below it decreases, the internal air pressure increases, and the compressed air is discharged through the exhaust pipe 13 and enters the annular exhaust plate 132. The air entering the inner cavity of the annular exhaust plate 132 is partially discharged directly upwards from the exhaust holes on its surface, acting on the bottom of the tea leaves in the area directly below the placement cylinder 3. The other part of the air is diverted into each of the guide tubes 14. The air diverted into the guide tubes 14 slowly and evenly seeps out from the micropores evenly distributed on its tube wall, directly acting on the deep interior of the tea pile. The gas discharged from the annular exhaust plate 132 and the guide tubes 14 can have a slight lifting or disturbing effect on the tea leaves, increasing the porosity, preventing caking, and directly replenishing the oxygen and humidity in this area, thus optimizing the microenvironment for deep fermentation. The flow rate of the gas discharged from the annular exhaust plate 132 and the guide tubes 14 can be adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the rotating rod 902, thereby adjusting the compression speed of the piston plate 123 in the pneumatic cavity. It should be noted that the airflow speed should not be too fast to avoid excessive disturbance to the tea leaves.

[0026] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, a partition 15 is further fixed to the inner wall of the upper shell 4 by bolts. This partition 15 is used to receive and collect tea leaves or residues that may accidentally fall from the air holes at the bottom of the placement cylinder 3 during the fermentation process. This effectively prevents the debris from entering and clogging the precision pneumatic working chamber and airflow channel below, ensuring that the exhaust and degassing components work stably and reliably for a long time, maintaining airflow circulation efficiency, significantly reducing the difficulty and workload of daily equipment maintenance, and improving equipment utilization and batch turnover efficiency.

[0027] This invention also discloses a method for detecting temperature and humidity during tea fermentation, which involves using the aforementioned temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation and includes the following steps: S1: Open the cover plate 2, pile the tea leaves evenly in the fermentation box 1, ensure that the tea leaves cover the bottom of the placement cylinder 3 and the conduit 14, close the cover plate 2, open the pressure relief valve, start the temperature and humidity feeding component, and send the medium into the placement cylinder 3 through the moisture conveying pipe 6 and the hot air conveying pipe 7 to preheat the fermentation box 1. S2: Start the drive motor 901, which drives the temperature and humidity sensor 802 to move up and down intermittently in the fixed tube 8 through the lifting component, recording the temperature and humidity data of the bottom, middle and top layers of the tea pile; S3: During the detection interval or set period, the hot air at the top is continuously drawn back to the bottom and released again using the exhaust assembly to achieve self-balance of temperature and humidity inside the chamber. The airflow discharged by the annular exhaust plate 132 and the duct 14 keeps the tea leaves in a slightly fluffy state, eliminating the need for manual turning. Based on the sensor feedback data, the temperature, humidity and flow rate parameters of the supplied hot air are adjusted until fermentation is complete. S4: After fermentation is complete, open the partition 15 and take out the fermented tea leaves from the placement cylinder 3.

[0028] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation, comprising a fermentation chamber (1), wherein the top of the fermentation chamber (1) is provided with a cover plate (2), characterized in that, Also includes: The placement cylinder (3) is fixed inside the fermentation box (1) by a connecting rod. An airflow channel is formed between the outer wall of the placement cylinder (3) and the inner wall of the fermentation box (1). Air holes are evenly arranged at the bottom of the placement cylinder (3). The temperature and humidity delivery component is set on the fermentation box (1) and connected to the internal cavity of the placement cylinder (3); The connecting shell includes an upper shell (4) and a lower shell (5) that are fixedly connected. A working cavity is formed between the upper shell (4) and the bottom of the placement cylinder (3), and a pneumatic cavity is formed between the lower shell (5) and the bottom inner wall of the fermentation box (1). And a temperature and humidity detection component is provided at the bottom of the placement cylinder (3), and a lifting component for adjusting the detection position of the temperature and humidity detection component is provided inside the connecting shell; The lifting assembly is connected to an exhaust assembly for working with the pneumatic cavity to perform exhaust operations.

2. The temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity delivery component includes a moisture delivery pipe (6) and a hot air delivery pipe (7), both of which penetrate the side wall of the fermentation tank (1) and are connected to the inside of the placement cylinder (3); A pressure relief valve is provided on the top of the cover plate (2).

3. The temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity detection assembly includes several fixed tubes (8) set at the bottom of the placement tube (3), a slide rod (801) slidably connected in the fixed tube (8), a temperature and humidity sensor (802) fixed on the slide rod (801), and an elastic element (803) set between the top of the slide rod (801) and the inner wall of the fixed tube (8). The lower side of the fixed tube (8) is provided with a slot along its axial direction for exposing the temperature and humidity sensor (802).

4. The temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes a reciprocating screw (11) rotatably disposed at the bottom of the placement cylinder (3), a screw seat (111) threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw (11), and a lifting plate (112) fixedly connected to the screw seat (111). The bottom of the sliding rods (801) in several of the fixed tubes (8) passes through the placement cylinder (3) and is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (112).

5. The temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting assembly also includes a support plate (9) fixed to the inner wall of the connecting shell, a drive motor (901) mounted on the support plate (9), a rotating rod (902) connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (901), a main bevel gear (9021) mounted on the rotating rod (902), a rotating rod (10) rotatably mounted at the bottom of the placement cylinder (3), a secondary bevel gear (1001) mounted on the rotating rod (10) and meshing with the main bevel gear (9021), an arc-shaped rack (1002) fixedly connected to the rotating rod (10) via a connecting plate, and a driven gear (113) fixed to the bottom of the reciprocating screw (11) and meshing with the arc-shaped rack (1002).

6. The temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The exhaust assembly includes an eccentric shaft (12) mounted on a rotating rod (902), a connecting rod (121) rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft (12) via a pin, a movable rod (122) rotatably connected to the connecting rod (121) and slidably connected to the connecting shell, and a piston plate (123) fixed to the bottom of the movable rod (122) and slidably connected to the inner wall of the working chamber.

7. The temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation according to claim 6, characterized in that, An air inlet valve (501) is provided on the lower housing (5), an exhaust pipe (13) is fixed in the working chamber, an exhaust valve (131) is provided at the bottom of the exhaust pipe (13), and an annular exhaust plate (132) placed at the bottom of the placement cylinder (3) is connected to one end of the exhaust pipe (13) away from the working chamber. Several exhaust holes are provided on the annular exhaust plate (132).

8. The temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The annular exhaust plate (132) is fixed with several conduits (14) that communicate with its internal cavity. The end of the conduit (14) away from the annular exhaust plate (132) passes through the bottom of the placement cylinder (3) and extends upward. Micropores are evenly distributed on the conduit (14).

9. The temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner wall of the upper shell (4) is fixed with a partition (15) by bolts, which is used to collect tea leaves falling from the bottom air hole of the placement cylinder (3).

10. A method for detecting temperature and humidity during tea fermentation, comprising using a temperature and humidity detection device for tea fermentation as described in claim 9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: Open the cover (2), pile the tea leaves evenly in the fermentation box (1), ensure that the tea leaves cover the bottom of the placement cylinder (3) and the conduit (14), close the cover (2), open the pressure relief valve, start the temperature and humidity feeding component, and feed the medium into the placement cylinder (3) through the moisture conveying pipe (6) and the hot air conveying pipe (7) to preheat the fermentation box (1). S2: Start the drive motor (901), and drive the temperature and humidity sensor (802) to move up and down intermittently in the fixed tube (8) through the lifting component to record the temperature and humidity data of the bottom, middle and top layers of the tea pile; S3: During the detection interval or set period, the hot air at the top is continuously drawn back to the bottom and released again using the exhaust assembly to achieve self-balance of temperature and humidity in the box. The airflow discharged by the annular exhaust plate (132) and the duct (14) keeps the tea leaves slightly fluffy and does not require manual turning. Based on the sensor feedback data, the temperature, humidity and flow rate parameters of the hot air are adjusted until fermentation is complete. S4: After fermentation, open the partition (15) and take out the fermented tea leaves from the placement tube (3).

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