A simulation device for servo loading of convergent and divergent blades in an aero-engine nozzle

Abstract

This invention provides a servo-load simulation device for the convergent and dilatant plates of an aero-engine nozzle, relating to the field of aero-engine testing technology. It includes a test bench base, a drive unit, a test device, a loading device, and a heating device. The drive unit, via a servo motor reducer, drives the convergent plate to reciprocate through a first crank, connecting rod, second crank, and intermediate shaft, and drives the dilatant plate and slider to perform simulated crank-slider motion on a guide rail. The loading device employs a hydraulic cylinder, traction rope, and pulley mechanism, using an angle sensor to adjust the pulley height in real time. The heating device consists of a heating shroud and a temperature sensor forming a closed-loop temperature system to simulate real high-temperature conditions. This invention enables dynamic servo-load under thermo-mechanical coupling, effectively solving the shortcomings of traditional devices such as slow dynamic response, directional deviation, and lack of high-temperature environment simulation, providing a high-fidelity test device for the study of friction and wear and resistance forces of moving pairs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine testing technology, and more particularly to a simulation device for the follow-up loading of aero-engine nozzle convergent and dilatant plates. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component for adjusting thrust and direction, the nozzle of an aero-engine experiences extremely complex aerodynamic and thermal loads on its internal convergent and diffracting plates during actual flight. In existing aero-engine testing, traditional convergent and diffracting plate loading devices often employ mechanical actuators or hydraulic systems to apply static or low-frequency loads. This approach often relies on preset loading curves, resulting in a lack of responsiveness to real-time conditions such as engine thrust adjustment and afterburner combustion. While some solutions introduce closed-loop control with displacement feedback, insufficient bandwidth still prevents effective tracking of rapid load fluctuations such as transonic flutter. Furthermore, aerodynamic simulation loading technologies generally suffer from low control precision, bulky equipment, and the limitation of passive hydraulic systems to suppressing only specific frequency vibrations.

[0003] For the dynamic loading of specific aerospace components, some targeted attempts have emerged in the prior art. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN117168749A discloses a simulation device and method for dynamic loading of aerodynamic loads on a space multi-link thrust reverser mechanism, utilizing multi-degree-of-freedom electro-hydraulic servo drive and adaptive algorithms to reproduce the aerodynamic environment. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN116067631A discloses a test fixture for dynamic loading of a flow-blocking gate mechanism, used to simulate the dynamic load conditions of the flow-blocking gate under airflow, combining force sensors, displacement sensors, and closed-loop control to achieve precise load application at different opening degrees. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN118817218A discloses a simulation device and method for dynamic loading of aerodynamic loads on a two-dimensional nozzle mechanism, using a dynamic loading system to simulate the aerodynamic load of the nozzle under different operating conditions in real time, and combining sensor feedback and a control system to achieve precise dynamic adjustment of the load.

[0004] While the aforementioned devices have played a role in their respective fields, they still exhibit significant limitations when facing the specific requirements of convergent and dilator plates in aero-engines. First, existing devices generally suffer from system complexity, reliance on high-precision servo valves, high cost, and difficult maintenance. Furthermore, they are prone to phase lag in multi-link synchronous control, making it difficult to meet the simulation requirements of ultra-high frequency (>100Hz) gas pulses. Second, existing technologies exhibit poor environmental adaptability, often only suitable for ambient temperature laboratory environments, failing to consider the impact of high-temperature airflow on the mechanism during simulation loading. Third, because the convergence-dilation adjustment mechanism involves complex geometric relationships during movement, existing solutions are often optimized for specific configurations, lacking versatility, and continuous dynamic loading leads to enormous energy consumption, severely impacting the economics of long-term fatigue testing.

[0005] In summary, traditional loading methods and existing servo devices are insufficient to accurately reproduce the dynamic loads on aero-engine nozzles under complex aero-thermal conditions, especially in simulating the friction, wear, and drag force variations of moving joints. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-fidelity servo loading system that can respond in real-time to changes in operating conditions, ensure that the loading force direction is always perpendicular to the loaded surface, and effectively integrate thermal field simulation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a simulation device for the dynamic loading of convergent and dilatant plates in an aero-engine nozzle. The invention drives the motion via a servo motor crank mechanism and utilizes hydraulic pulleys for dynamic adjustment to ensure the load remains perpendicular to the surfaces of the convergent and dilatant plates, achieving high-fidelity dynamic loading under thermodynamic conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a simulation device for the follow-up loading of convergent and divergent blades of an aero-engine nozzle, comprising: a test bench base plate, a drive device, a test device, a loading device, and a heating device; The drive device includes a servo motor reducer fixed to the test bench base via a motor bracket. The motor shaft of the servo motor reducer transmits power to the intermediate shaft in sequence via a first crank, a connecting rod, and a second crank. The first crank, the connecting rod, and the second crank are connected by a pin to form a rotating pair. The test apparatus includes a convergent plate and an expansion plate rotatably connected to the convergent plate via a pin. The convergent plate is connected to the intermediate shaft via a connecting convergent plate block. The expansion plate is connected to the slider shaft via an expansion block. The slider shaft is connected to a slider, and the slider is mounted on a guide rail. The loading device includes a bracket fixed to the test bench base plate via a base plate, and a first loading mechanism for loading the expansion piece and a second loading mechanism for loading the convergence piece are mounted on the bracket. The heating device includes a heating shroud for covering and heating the converging plate and the expanding plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive device also includes: a torque sensor installed between the second crank and the intermediate shaft, the torque sensor being fixed to the test bench base plate via a torque sensor base; The intermediate shaft is connected to the torque sensor via a coupling, and one end of the intermediate shaft is connected to a bearing housing, which is fixed to the base plate of the test bench via a bearing housing base.

[0009] Furthermore, the testing device also includes: a support base for supporting the guide rail, the support base being fixed to the base plate of the testing platform; The slider shaft is connected to the slider via a bearing on the slider, and the slider moves on the guide rail in a simulated crank-slider motion under the drive of the driving device.

[0010] Furthermore, the first loading mechanism includes: a first hydraulic cylinder, a first slide rail, a first traction rope, and a second hydraulic cylinder; The first hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the left side of the bracket; The first slide rail is vertically fixed on the bracket, and a first pulley is fitted on the first slide rail; The second hydraulic cylinder is fixed above the bracket, and the front end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first pulley for controlling the lifting and lowering of the first pulley; One end of the first traction rope is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder, and the other end passes around the first pulley and is perpendicularly connected to the expansion plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the second loading mechanism includes: a fourth hydraulic cylinder, a second slide rail, a third hydraulic cylinder, and a second traction rope; The fourth hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the right side of the bracket; The second slide rail is vertically fixed on the bracket, and a second pulley is fitted on the second slide rail; The third hydraulic cylinder is fixed above the bracket, and the front end of the third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the second pulley for controlling the lifting and lowering of the second pulley; One end of the second traction rope is connected to the fourth hydraulic cylinder, and the other end passes around the second pulley and is perpendicularly connected to the convergent plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the loading device also includes a force sensor and an angle sensor; The force sensor is used to measure the magnitude of the loading force applied by the first hydraulic cylinder and the fourth hydraulic cylinder and form a closed-loop feedback. The angle sensor is used to detect the angle of the converging plate and the expanding plate, and feeds it back to the second hydraulic cylinder and the third hydraulic cylinder, so that the first traction rope and the second traction rope are always perpendicular to the expanding plate and the converging plate, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the heating device also includes a temperature sensor installed inside the heating cover, used to measure the temperature of the environment where the converging plate and the expanding plate are located in real time and to form a closed-loop temperature control.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive device, loading device, and heating device are connected to form a closed-loop control system, and the servo motor reducer simulates the movement of a crank-rocker through the combined movement of the first crank, connecting rod, and second crank.

[0015] Furthermore, the connecting convergence plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the intermediate shaft, and the connecting convergence plate and the convergence plate are rigidly connected; the intermediate shaft, the bearing seat, and the torque sensor are kept coaxial on the assembly axis.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. The present invention provides a servo motor combined with a multi-stage crank-connecting rod mechanism to simulate the real reciprocating oscillation law, and uses an angle sensor to drive a hydraulic cylinder in real time to adjust the pulley height, ensuring that the traction rope loading force is always perpendicular to the surface of the convergent and expander plates, effectively solving the problems of incomplete load application and directional deviation caused by mechanism interference in traditional loading methods.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides a servo loading simulation device for the convergent and divergent plates of an aero-engine nozzle. By integrating a heating shroud and a closed-loop temperature control system, it can simulate the high-temperature environment of the engine under different operating conditions. It solves the problem that existing servo loading devices are unable to reproduce the high-temperature airflow interference in real flight. It provides a high-fidelity test device for studying the friction, wear and drag force variation law of the kinematic pairs of the adjustment mechanism under complex environment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a simulation device for the follow-up loading of the converging and expanding plates of an aero-engine nozzle, as described in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive device structure in a simulation device for the follow-up loading of the converging and expanding plates of an aero-engine nozzle, as described in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the loading device structure in the following simulation device for the servo loading of the converging and expanding plates of an aero-engine nozzle, as described in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heating device structure in a simulation device for the follow-up loading of the converging and expanding plates of an aero-engine nozzle, as described in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Test bench base plate; 2. Support seat; 3. Upper bearing of the slider; 4. Slider; 5. Expansion block; 6. Guide rail; 7. Slider shaft; 8. Expansion plate; 9. Pin; 10. Converging plate; 11. Connecting converging plate block; 12. Bearing seat; 13. Intermediate shaft; 14. Bearing seat base; 15. Coupling; 16. Torque sensor; 17. Pin; 18. First crank; 19. Motor bracket; 20. Servo motor reducer; 21. Connecting rod; 22. Second crank; 23. Torque sensor base; 24. Bracket; 25. First hydraulic cylinder; 26. First slide rail; 27. First pulley; 28. First traction rope; 29. ​​Second hydraulic cylinder; 30. Third hydraulic cylinder; 31. Second pulley; 32. Second traction rope; 33. Second slide rail; 34. Fourth hydraulic cylinder; 35. Heating cover. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0024] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples listed and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0026] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the present invention provides a simulation device for the follow-up loading of convergent and dilatant blades of an aero-engine nozzle, comprising: a test bench base plate 1, a driving device, a test device, a loading device, and a heating device.

[0029] The test bench base plate 1 is a horizontally placed metal plate with T-slots or threaded holes machined on its upper surface for mounting various components, and for supporting and fixing the entire simulation device.

[0030] The drive unit provides the test apparatus with reciprocating oscillating power to simulate the crank-rocker motion. Specifically, the motor bracket 19 is bolted to the upper surface of the test bench base plate 1. The housing of a servo motor reducer 20 is bolted to the motor bracket 19. The output shaft of the servo motor reducer 20 is keyed to one end of a first crank 18. The other end of the first crank 18 has a through hole, and one end of a connecting rod 21 also has a through hole. A pin 17 passes through the through holes of the first crank 18 and the connecting rod 21, forming a revolute joint that can rotate relative to each other in the same plane. The other end of the connecting rod 21 is hinged to one end of a second crank 22 via another pin 17, forming another revolute joint. The first crank 18, connecting rod 21, and second crank 22 together constitute a crank-connecting rod mechanism.

[0031] The other end of the second crank 22 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of a torque sensor 16 via a flat key. The housing of the torque sensor 16 is bolted to a torque sensor base 23, which is then bolted to the test bench base plate 1. The output shaft of the torque sensor 16 is coaxially fixed to one end of an intermediate shaft 13 via a coupling 15. The coupling 15 can be a diaphragm coupling or a perforated coupling to compensate for minor angular and radial deviations during installation and ensure coaxiality of the transmission. The other end of the intermediate shaft 13 passes through the inner hole of a bearing housing 12 and is rotated by a rolling bearing within the bearing housing 12. The housing of the bearing housing 12 is bolted to a bearing housing base 14, which is bolted to the test bench base plate 1.

[0032] The experimental setup is the core mechanism simulating the motion of the convergent and dilatant plates. A convergent plate block 11 has a rectangular groove at one end and is fixedly mounted on the other end of an intermediate shaft 13 by screws, thus swinging synchronously with the intermediate shaft 13. The other end of the convergent plate block 11 is rigidly connected to the left end face of a convergent plate 10 by bolts, forming a rigid integral swing arm. The right end of the convergent plate 10 is rotatably connected to one end of a dilatant plate 8 by a pin 9, forming a rotating pair. The other end of the dilatant plate 8 is fixedly connected to a dilatant block 5 by bolts. A mounting hole is machined on the lower end face of the dilatant block 5, and the upper end of a slider shaft 7 is fixedly inserted into this mounting hole by an interference fit or key connection. The lower end of the slider shaft 7 is rotatably connected to a slider 4 by a slider upper bearing 3. Specifically, the outer ring of the slider upper bearing 3 is press-fitted into the center hole of the slider 4, and the lower end of the slider shaft 7 is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the slider upper bearing 3. The bottom of slider 4 is machined with a groove that matches the cross-sectional shape of a guide rail 6. Sliding slider 4 is mounted on guide rail 6 through this groove. The bottom surface of guide rail 6 is fixed to a support base 2 by bolts, and the bottom surface of support base 2 is fixed to the test bench base plate 1 by bolts. Thus, when the converging plate 10 reciprocates under the drive of the drive device, it drives the expanding plate 8 to move through the pin 9, which in turn pushes slider 4 to slide linearly back and forth on guide rail 6 through the connection of expanding block 5 and slider shaft 7, completely simulating the motion of crank-slider mechanism.

[0033] The loading device is used to apply simulated aerodynamic loads to the moving convergent plate 10 and expander plate 8. A bracket 24 is bolted to the test bench base plate 1 via a flange plate at its bottom. The loading device includes a first loading mechanism and a second loading mechanism that are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides and have the same structural principle.

[0034] The first loading mechanism applies a load to the expansion plate 8. A first hydraulic cylinder 25 is fixedly mounted on the left side of the bracket 24 via a trunnion or flange. A first slide rail 26 is vertically fixed to the bracket 24 via bolts on its back, with its extension direction perpendicular to the ground. A first pulley 27 has its wheel seat bolted to a slider that can slide along the first slide rail 26. A second hydraulic cylinder 29 is vertically fixed to the top of the bracket 24 via a flange, and the front end of its piston rod is fixedly connected to the wheel seat of the first pulley 27 via a connector, for driving the first pulley 27 to move up and down along the first slide rail 26. One end of a first traction rope 28 is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 25 via a shackle. The other end of the first traction rope 28 passes through the groove of the first pulley 27, is transferred via a tension sensor, and is finally vertically fixed to a fixed point on the upper surface of the expansion plate 8.

[0035] Similarly, the second loading mechanism is used to apply a load to the convergent plate 10. The cylinder body of a fourth hydraulic cylinder 34 is fixedly mounted on the right side of the bracket 24. A second slide rail 33 is vertically fixed to the bracket 24, on which a second pulley 31 is slidably mounted. The cylinder body of a third hydraulic cylinder 30 is vertically fixedly mounted on the top of the bracket 24, and the front end of its piston rod is fixedly connected to the wheel seat of the second pulley 31 for controlling its lifting and lowering. One end of a second traction rope 32 is connected to the piston rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 34, and the other end passes over the second pulley 31 and is vertically fixedly connected to a fixed point on the upper surface of the convergent plate 10.

[0036] In terms of closed-loop control, force sensors are connected in series at the piston rod ends of the first hydraulic cylinder 25 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 34, or at their connection points with the traction rope, to measure the applied loading force in real time and feed the signal back to the control system of the hydraulic cylinders, forming a closed-loop control of the loading force. Simultaneously, angle sensors are installed on the pin 9 or the intermediate shaft 13 to detect the swing angle of the converging plate 10 and the expanding plate 8 in real time. The angle signal is fed back to the control system of the second hydraulic cylinder 29 and the third hydraulic cylinder 30. By controlling the extension and retraction of these two hydraulic cylinders, the vertical height of the first pulley 27 and the second pulley 31 is adjusted in real time, thereby ensuring that when the converging plate 10 and the expanding plate 8 swing to any angle, the first traction rope 28 is always perpendicular to the surface of the expanding plate 8, and the second traction rope 32 is always perpendicular to the surface of the converging plate 10, thus guaranteeing the accuracy and authenticity of the load application.

[0037] The heating device is used to simulate the high-temperature environment of an engine nozzle. A box-type or arched heating shroud 35 is installed on the outside of the converging plate 10 and the expanding plate 8 in an openable manner, enclosing its internal space to form a heating chamber. Resistance wires or infrared heating tubes are embedded in the inner wall of the heating shroud 35, and its bottom is fixed to the test bench base plate 1 by bolts or magnetic suction. Inside the heating shroud 35, at least one temperature sensor is installed near the converging plate 10 and the expanding plate 8 to collect the temperature of the test area in real time. The signal from the temperature sensor is fed back to the power controller of the heating shroud 35 to form a closed-loop temperature control, which can accurately adjust and stabilize the temperature field in the heating chamber within the range from room temperature to a preset high temperature range.

[0038] Workflow: First, the controllers of the drive device, loading device, and heating device are connected to the host computer via an industrial Ethernet bus, forming a large closed-loop control system. Before testing, the various mechanisms of the test bench are in their initial state. At the start of the test, the host computer synchronously issues commands to start the servo motor reducer 20 to drive the convergent plate 10 and the expander plate 8 to reciprocate, while simultaneously activating the first hydraulic cylinder 25 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 34 to apply the initial load. Based on the preset pneumatic load spectrum, combined with the real-time feedback data of the swing angle and loading force from the angle sensor and tension sensor, the host computer dynamically adjusts the loading force of the two hydraulic cylinders, and the second hydraulic cylinder 29 and the third hydraulic cylinder 30 continuously adjust the pulley height to maintain the real-time verticality of the loading force direction. At the same time, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature inside the heating hood 35 in real time and controls the heating power in a closed loop, ensuring that the sample is in the target high-temperature atmosphere. Finally, by collecting full parameter data such as torque, force, angle, and temperature, the principle-level friction and wear and resistance force variation law of the kinematic pair of the adjustment mechanism under complex thermo-mechanical coupling conditions is tested.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation device for the follow-up loading of convergent and dilator plates in an aero-engine nozzle, characterized in that, include: Test bench base plate (1), drive device, test device, loading device and heating device; The drive device includes a servo motor reducer (20) fixed on the test bench base plate (1) via a motor bracket (19). The motor shaft of the servo motor reducer (20) transmits power to the intermediate shaft (13) in sequence via a first crank (18), a connecting rod (21), and a second crank (22). The first crank (18), the connecting rod (21), and the second crank (22) are connected by a pin (17) to form a rotating pair. The test apparatus includes a guide rail (6) fixed on the test bench base plate (1), a convergent plate (10), and an expansion plate (8) rotatably connected to the convergent plate (10) by a pin (9). The convergent plate (10) is connected to the intermediate shaft (13) by a connecting convergent plate block (11). The expansion plate (8) is connected to the slider shaft (7) by an expansion block (5). The slider shaft (7) is connected to a slider (4), and the slider (4) is fitted onto the guide rail (6). The loading device includes a bracket (24) fixed on the test bench base plate (1), and the bracket (24) is equipped with a first loading mechanism for loading the expansion piece (8), a second loading mechanism for loading the convergence piece (10), and a detection component. The heating device includes a heating cover (35) for covering and heating the converging plate (10) and the expanding plate (8).

2. The simulation device for the follow-up loading of convergent and dilator plates of an aero-engine nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive device further includes a torque sensor (16) installed between the second crank (22) and the intermediate shaft (13), the torque sensor (16) being fixed on the test bench base plate (1) by a torque sensor base (23); The intermediate shaft (13) is connected to the torque sensor (16) via a coupling (15), and one end of the intermediate shaft (13) is connected to a bearing seat (12), which is fixed to the test bench base plate (1) via a bearing seat base (14).

3. The simulation device for the follow-up loading of convergent and dilator plates of an aero-engine nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test apparatus further includes a support base (2) for supporting the guide rail (6), the support base (2) being fixed on the test bench base plate (1); The slider shaft (7) is connected to the slider (4) through the upper bearing (3) of the slider. The slider (4) moves in a simulated crank-slider motion on the guide rail (6) under the drive of the driving device.

4. The simulation device for the follow-up loading of the convergent and divergent plates of an aero-engine nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first loading mechanism includes: a first hydraulic cylinder (25), a first slide rail (26), a first traction rope (28), and a second hydraulic cylinder (29); The first hydraulic cylinder (25) is fixed to the left side of the bracket (24); The first slide rail (26) is vertically fixed on the bracket (24), and a first pulley (27) is installed on the first slide rail (26). The second hydraulic cylinder (29) is fixed above the bracket (24), and the front end of the second hydraulic cylinder (29) is connected to the first pulley (27) to control the lifting and lowering of the first pulley (27); One end of the first traction rope (28) is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder (25), and the other end passes around the first pulley (27) and is vertically connected to the expansion plate (8).

5. The simulation device for the follow-up loading of the convergent and divergent plates of an aero-engine nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second loading mechanism includes: a fourth hydraulic cylinder (34), a second slide rail (33), a third hydraulic cylinder (30), and a second traction rope (32); The fourth hydraulic cylinder (34) is fixed to the right side of the bracket (24); The second slide rail (33) is vertically fixed on the bracket (24), and a second pulley (31) is installed on the second slide rail (33). The third hydraulic cylinder (30) is fixed above the bracket (24), and the front end of the third hydraulic cylinder (30) is connected to the second pulley (31) to control the lifting and lowering of the second pulley (31); One end of the second traction rope (32) is connected to the fourth hydraulic cylinder (34), and the other end passes around the second pulley (31) and is vertically connected to the convergent plate (10).

6. The simulation device for the follow-up loading of the convergent and divergent plates of an aero-engine nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection components include a force sensor and an angle sensor; The force sensor is used to measure the magnitude of the loading force applied by the first hydraulic cylinder (25) and the fourth hydraulic cylinder (34); The angle sensor is used to detect the angle of the converging plate (10) and the expanding plate (8), and feeds it back to the second hydraulic cylinder (29) and the third hydraulic cylinder (30) so that the first traction rope (28) and the second traction rope (32) are always perpendicular to the expanding plate (8) and the converging plate (10), respectively.

7. The simulation device for the follow-up loading of the convergent and divergent plates of an aero-engine nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating device also includes a temperature sensor installed inside the heating cover (35) for real-time measurement of the temperature of the environment where the converging plate (10) and the expanding plate (8) are located.

8. The simulation device for the follow-up loading of the convergent and divergent plates of an aero-engine nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The converging plate block (11) and the converging plate (10) are rigidly connected; the intermediate shaft (13), the bearing seat (12) and the torque sensor (16) are coaxial on the assembly axis.

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