Servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of shield tunneling model testing technology, specifically disclosing a servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device. The device includes a soil tank and a loading box assembly placed inside the soil tank. A shield tunneling mechanism is located in the center of the soil tank. The loading box assembly includes a loading box body placed inside the soil tank, with a box cover on top. Earth pressure loading cylinders are arrayed on the top of the box cover. This servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device solves the problems of existing technologies in simulating soil-water coupling pressure, insufficient pressure regulation accuracy, weak sealing and pressure retention effects, and limited test conditions under complex conditions such as water-rich strata and overburden stress strata. It can realistically simulate the soil-water pressure environment of the strata, achieve precise servo control, has high test accuracy, wide applicability, and stable and reliable operation, meeting the needs of earth pressure balance and slurry mode shield tunneling model tests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shield tunneling model testing technology, specifically to a servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling testing device. Background Technology

[0002] Shield tunneling test equipment is a key device for conducting research on tunnel excavation mechanisms and simulating earth pressure balance control, and is widely used in the field of underground engineering model testing. Currently, existing shield tunneling model test equipment typically consists only of a soil box and a shield mechanism, with a simple structure and single function, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision and multi-condition testing.

[0003] like Figure 12 As shown, the existing shield tunneling test device only includes a soil box and a shield mechanism. When simulating high water pressure and high overburden stress, the device can only realize the simple cutting and tunneling actions of the shield mechanism. It cannot apply controllable soil pressure to the soil, nor can it realize the loading and pressure holding of water pressure. It cannot simulate the complex working conditions of the combined action of overburden stress and groundwater pressure in real strata. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device to overcome the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device, comprising a soil box and a loading box assembly placed inside the soil box, wherein a shield tunneling mechanism is disposed in the middle of the soil box; the loading box assembly comprises a loading box body placed inside the soil box, wherein a box cover is provided on the top of the loading box body, and earth pressure loading cylinders are arrayed on the top of the box cover; a loading plate is installed at the output end of the earth pressure loading cylinders; a shield tunneling connection port and a drainage port are provided on the outer side of the loading box body, and a shield tunneling mechanism is adapted to be connected inside the shield tunneling connection port; a first connection port and a second connection port are provided on the top of the box cover, wherein the first connection port is connected to a hydraulic loading system, and the second connection port is connected to a pneumatic loading system, thereby realizing independent adjustment of earth pressure and hydraulic pressure inside the box.

[0006] In the above, the first connection port and the second connection port provide channels for water pressure and air pressure loading, respectively, so that the device can independently control earth pressure and water pressure to simulate the real soil-water coupling working conditions.

[0007] In a servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the loading box assembly is connected to the hydraulic loading system and the pneumatic loading system through a first connection port and a second connection port, respectively.

[0008] The above-mentioned components enable the loading box assembly to simultaneously possess water pressure and air pressure loading capabilities, and work in conjunction with the earth pressure loading cylinder to achieve multi-field coupled loading of soil, water, and air, thus broadening the range of test conditions.

[0009] In a servo-hydraulic-regulated earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic loading system includes an externally connected flow pump, safety valve and pressure sensor.

[0010] In the above, the flow pump provides a stable water source and water pressure, the safety valve prevents overpressure from damaging the loading tank, and the pressure sensor realizes real-time water pressure monitoring and closed-loop control to ensure constant and controllable water pressure.

[0011] In a servo-hydraulic regulated earth pressure balance shield test device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the pneumatic loading system includes an externally connected air pump.

[0012] In the above, the air pump inputs air pressure into the loading box through the second connection port to help maintain the pressure stability inside the box and improve the accuracy and reliability of the earth pressure balance simulation.

[0013] In a servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield test device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the shield mechanism includes a base connected to a soil box, and the upper end of the base is movably connected to a shield machine tail cover. The middle part of the shield machine tail cover is provided with an X-axis moving mechanism, a drive shaft, a slurry pipe, and a soil discharge device.

[0014] In the above, the base provides stable support for the tunnel boring machine (TBM); the tail cover of the TBM integrates and installs various moving parts; the X-axis moving mechanism realizes the tunneling advance and retreat, the drive shaft transmits cutting torque, the slurry pipe transports slurry, and the excavator discharges excavated soil, with a high degree of functional integration.

[0015] In a servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield test device according to an embodiment of the present invention, a connecting seat hinged to the output end of the X-axis moving mechanism is installed on the outside of the soil box; a slider and a slide rail are provided between the tail cover of the shield machine and the base.

[0016] In the above, the connecting seat provides a fixed fulcrum for the X-axis moving mechanism, and the slider and slide rail reduce the movement resistance of the shield machine tail cover, ensuring that the tunneling direction is straight and the movement is stable.

[0017] In a servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield test device according to an embodiment of the present invention, a servo motor one and a servo motor two for driving a transmission shaft and a soil excavator are respectively installed on the outer side of the shield machine tail cover; a locator is connected to the end of the transmission shaft, and a stirring rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the locator; a cutterhead is provided on one side of the locator.

[0018] In the above, servo motor one and servo motor two achieve precise control of speed and torque; the casing is used to install the cutterhead; the mixing rod mixes the soil in the soil chamber to prevent arching; and the cutterhead performs soil cutting to ensure continuous and stable tunneling.

[0019] In a servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield test device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the cutterhead includes a cutter holder connected to the mounting base by bolts, and a scraper is installed on the outer side of the cutter holder by bolts; a double-edged positive rolling cutter and a single-edged side rolling cutter are movably connected in the middle of the cutter holder; and a filter screen is provided on the inner side of the cutter holder.

[0020] In the above description, the cutter holder provides a mounting base for the cutters; the scraper cuts loose soil, while the double-edged forward cutter and the single-edged side cutter break up hard soil, resulting in high cutting efficiency; the filter screen prevents large particles from entering the soil chamber, protecting the internal components.

[0021] In a servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield test device according to an embodiment of the present invention, there are two sets of mud and water pipes, and one end of the mud and water pipe extends to one side of the mounting base; the tail of the soil excavator is connected to a soil excavation pipe, and a ball valve is installed at the end of the soil excavation pipe.

[0022] In the above, the excavation pipe is used for slag discharge, and the end ball valve can close the opening to maintain the water pressure inside the loading box and achieve pressure-maintaining tunneling.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the servo-hydraulic regulated earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device: 1. By adding a loading box assembly inside the soil box, and in conjunction with the earth pressure loading cylinder, the first connection port and the second connection port, independent servo adjustment and coupled loading of earth pressure, water pressure and air pressure can be achieved. This solves the problems of existing technologies in simulating soil-water coupling pressure, insufficient pressure adjustment accuracy, weak sealing and pressure retention effect and limited test conditions under complex working conditions such as water-rich strata and overburden stress strata.

[0024] 2. The shield connection port is sealed with the shield mechanism, and a ball valve is installed at the end of the excavation pipe to achieve sealing and pressure maintenance at the excavation port. The overall device has excellent pressure maintenance performance and can stably maintain the water pressure and air pressure inside the box, making up for the defects of existing technologies that cannot maintain pressure and are prone to water leakage and pressure loss.

[0025] 3. The shield tunneling mechanism integrates an X-axis moving mechanism, servo motor drive, cutterhead, mixing rod, slurry pipe and excavator, with complete cutting, mixing and slag discharge functions. The cutterhead adopts a combination of scraper, double-edged positive roller cutter and single-edged side roller cutter for cutting, which has high cutting efficiency, small soil disturbance, and is not easy to block the chamber, making the device more stable in operation. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a servo-hydraulic-regulated earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the loading box assembly in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the box cover in this invention; Figure 4 This is a partial side-section structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shield tunneling mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine mechanism in this invention; Figure 9 This is a partial side sectional view of the shield tunneling mechanism in this invention; Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine mechanism in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the card holder structure in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the existing shield tunneling test device.

[0027] In the picture: 1. Soil box; 2. Loading box assembly; 21. Loading box body; 22. Box cover; 23. Earth pressure loading cylinder; 24. Loading plate; 25. Shield connection port; 26. Drainage outlet; 27. First connection port; 28. Second connection port; 3. Shield mechanism; 31. Base; 32. Shield machine shell; 33. Shield machine tail cover; 34. X-axis moving mechanism; 35. Connecting seat; 36. Drive shaft; 37. Card seat; 371. Mixing rod; 38. Cutterhead; 381. Cutter holder; 382. Scraper; 383. Double-edged positive cutter; 384. Single-edged side cutter; 385. Filter screen; 39. Slurry pipe; 310. Excavator; 311. Excavation pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example: Figure 1-11 As shown, the servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield test device includes a soil box 1 and a loading box assembly 2 placed inside the soil box 1. A shield mechanism 3 is set in the middle of the soil box 1. The loading box assembly 2 includes a loading box body 21 placed inside the soil box 1. The top of the loading box body 21 is provided with a box cover 22, and an array of earth pressure loading cylinders 23 are installed on the top of the box cover 22. A loading plate 24 is installed at the output end of the earth pressure loading cylinder 23. The outer side of the loading box body 21 is provided with a shield connection port 25 and a drainage port 26, and a shield mechanism 3 is adapted to be connected inside the shield connection port 25. The top of the box cover 22 is provided with a first connection port 27 and a second connection port 28. The first connection port 27 is connected to a water pressure loading system, and the second connection port 28 is connected to a pneumatic pressure loading system, so as to realize independent adjustment of earth pressure and water pressure inside the box.

[0030] It should be noted that the first connection port 27 and the second connection port 28 provide channels for water pressure and air pressure loading, respectively, so that the device can independently control earth pressure and water pressure to simulate the real soil-water coupling working conditions.

[0031] In this embodiment, the loading box assembly 2 is connected to the water pressure loading system and the air pressure loading system through the first connection port 27 and the second connection port 28, respectively.

[0032] It should be noted that the loading box assembly 2 is equipped with both water pressure and air pressure loading capabilities, and works in conjunction with the earth pressure loading cylinder 23 to achieve multi-field coupled loading of soil, water and air, thus broadening the range of test conditions.

[0033] In this embodiment, the water pressure loading system includes an externally connected flow pump, safety valve, and pressure sensor.

[0034] It should be noted that the flow pump provides a stable water source and water pressure, the safety valve prevents overpressure from damaging the loading tank 21, and the pressure sensor realizes real-time water pressure monitoring and closed-loop control to ensure constant and controllable water pressure.

[0035] In this embodiment, the pneumatic loading system includes an externally connected air pump.

[0036] It should be noted that the air pump inputs air pressure into the loading box 21 through the second connection port 28 to help maintain the pressure inside the box and improve the accuracy and reliability of the earth pressure balance simulation.

[0037] In this embodiment, the shield mechanism 3 includes a base 31 connected to the soil box 1, and the upper end of the base 31 is movably connected to the shield machine tail cover 33. The middle part of the shield machine tail cover 33 is provided with an X-axis moving mechanism 34, a transmission shaft 36, a mud pipe 39, and a soil excavator 310.

[0038] It should be noted that the base 31 provides stable support for the shield machine mechanism 3; the shield machine tail cover 33 integrates and installs various moving parts; the X-axis moving mechanism 34 realizes the tunneling advance and retreat, the drive shaft 36 transmits cutting torque, the mud pipe 39 transports mud, and the excavator 310 discharges slag, with a high degree of functional integration.

[0039] In this embodiment, a connecting seat 35 hinged to the output end of the X-axis moving mechanism 34 is installed on the outside of the soil box 1; a slider and a slide rail are provided between the shield machine tail cover 33 and the base 31.

[0040] It should be noted that the connecting seat 35 provides a fixed fulcrum for the X-axis moving mechanism 34, and the slider and slide rail reduce the movement resistance of the shield machine tail cover 33, ensuring that the tunneling direction is straight and the movement is stable.

[0041] In this embodiment, the outer side of the shield machine tail cover 33 is respectively equipped with a drive shaft 36 and a servo motor 1 and a servo motor 2 for the soil excavator 310; the end of the drive shaft 36 is connected to a bracket 37, and a stirring rod 371 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bracket 37; a cutterhead 38 is provided on one side of the bracket 37.

[0042] It should be noted that servo motor one and servo motor two achieve precise control of speed and torque; the casing 37 is used to install the cutterhead 38; the mixing rod 371 mixes the soil in the soil chamber to prevent arching; the cutterhead 38 performs soil cutting to ensure continuous and stable tunneling.

[0043] In this embodiment, the cutter head 38 includes a cutter holder 381 that is bolted to the card holder 37, and a scraper 382 is bolted to the outer side of the cutter holder 381; a double-edged positive rolling cutter 383 and a single-edged side rolling cutter 384 are movably connected to the middle of the cutter holder 381; and a filter screen 385 is provided on the inner side of the cutter holder 381.

[0044] It should be noted that the tool holder 381 provides a mounting base for the cutting tools; the scraper 382 cuts loose soil, while the double-edged hob 383 and the single-edged hob 384 break hard soil, resulting in high cutting efficiency; the filter screen 385 prevents large particles from entering the soil chamber, protecting the internal components.

[0045] In this embodiment, there are two sets of mud and water pipes 39, and one end of the mud and water pipe 39 extends to one side of the card seat 37; the tail of the excavator 310 is connected to the excavation pipe 311, and a ball valve is installed at the end of the excavation pipe 311.

[0046] It should be noted that the excavation pipe 311 is used for slag discharge. A receiving box is provided at the bottom of the excavation pipe 311, and the end ball valve can close the opening to keep the water pressure inside the loading box 21 from leaking, so as to achieve pressure-maintaining tunneling.

[0047] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, the test soil is filled into the loading chamber 21 before the test, and the chamber cover 22 is closed and sealed. The earth pressure loading cylinder 23 is activated, and the cylinder pushes the loading plate 24 downward to apply vertical pressure to the soil. The pressure is adjusted in real time by the servo control system to achieve constant earth pressure loading and simulate the stress of the real soil cover.

[0048] Secondly, the water pressure loading system is connected through the first connection port 27. The flow pump injects water into the loading tank 21, the pressure sensor monitors the water pressure in real time, and the safety valve ensures that the pressure does not exceed the limit, thus achieving constant water pressure control.

[0049] Next, an air pump is connected through the second connection port 28 to replenish the air pressure in the box, which helps to maintain the stability of the soil chamber pressure and form a soil, water and air coupled loading environment, which is closer to the actual high water pressure stratum working conditions.

[0050] Next, the X-axis moving mechanism 34 is activated, pushing the shield machine tail cover 33 to move along the slide rail of the base 31 towards the soil, thereby realizing the tunneling feed.

[0051] Next, the servo motor is started, which drives the drive shaft 36, the cassette 37 and the cutter head 38 to rotate; the scraper 382, ​​the double-edged forward hob 383 and the single-edged side hob 384 on the cutter head 38 work together to cut the soil, and the filter screen 385 blocks large particles from entering the soil chamber and protects the internal structure.

[0052] Next, the stirring rod 371 on the card seat 37 rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 36 to stir the soil in the soil chamber, prevent the soil from arching and blocking the chamber, and ensure the fluidity of the soil and the stability of the earth pressure balance. Two sets of mud and water pipes 39 inject mud or foam into the soil chamber to improve the fluidity of the soil, adjust the pressure of the soil chamber, realize the dual-mode switching of earth pressure balance / mud and water balance, and ensure the stability of the tunnel face.

[0053] Next, the servo motor 2 drives the soil excavator 310 to rotate, transporting the excavated soil in the soil chamber to the soil excavation pipe 311; the ball valve at the end of the soil excavation pipe 311 can adjust the opening size to control the excavation rate, and at the same time, it is completely sealed when not excavating to prevent water and air leakage in the loading box 21, maintain stable pressure in the box, and achieve pressure-maintaining tunneling.

[0054] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device, comprising a soil box (1), characterized in that, It also includes a loading box assembly (2) placed inside the soil box (1), and a shield mechanism (3) is provided in the middle of the soil box (1). The loading box assembly (2) includes a loading box body (21) placed inside the soil box (1), the top of the loading box body (21) is provided with a box cover (22), and the top of the box cover (22) is equipped with an array of earth pressure loading cylinders (23). The output end of the earth pressure loading cylinder (23) is equipped with a loading plate (24); The outer side of the loading box (21) is provided with a shield connection port (25) and a drainage port (26), and the shield connection port (25) is adapted to be connected to a shield mechanism (3). The top of the box cover (22) is provided with a first connection port (27) and a second connection port (28). The first connection port (27) is connected to the water pressure loading system, and the second connection port (28) is connected to the air pressure loading system, so as to realize independent adjustment of soil pressure and water pressure inside the box.

2. The servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic loading system includes an externally connected flow pump, safety valve, and pressure sensor.

3. The servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic loading system includes an externally connected air pump.

4. The servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shield mechanism (3) includes a base (31) connected to the soil box (1), and the upper end of the base (31) is movably connected to the shield machine tail cover (33). The middle part of the shield machine tail cover (33) is provided with an X-axis moving mechanism (34), a drive shaft (36), a mud pipe (39), and a soil excavator (310).

5. The servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the soil box (1) is fitted with a connecting seat (35) that is hinged to the output end of the X-axis moving mechanism (34). A slider and a slide rail are provided between the tail cover (33) of the tunnel boring machine and the base (31).

6. The servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the shield machine tail cover (33) is respectively equipped with a drive transmission shaft (36) and a servo motor one and a servo motor two for the excavator (310). The end of the drive shaft (36) is connected to a retainer (37), and a stirring rod (371) is fixedly connected to the outside of the retainer (37). A cutter head (38) is provided on one side of the card holder (37).

7. The servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cutter head (38) includes a cutter holder (381) that is bolted to the card holder (37), and a scraper (382) is bolted to the outside of the cutter holder (381). The tool holder (381) is movably connected in the middle to a double-edged forward hob (383) and a single-edged side hob (384). A filter screen (385) is provided on the inner side of the blade holder (381).

8. The servo-hydraulic adjustable earth pressure balance shield tunneling test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of mud pipes (39) is two sets, and one end of the mud pipe (39) extends to one side of the card seat (37); The tail of the excavator (310) is connected to an excavation pipe (311), and a ball valve is installed at the end of the excavation pipe (311).

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