A directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of soil sampling device technology, and in particular to a directional sampling device for heavy metal detection in soil. The device comprises a housing equipped with an electric cylinder, a pad fixed to the electric cylinder, and a motor mounted on top of the pad. A sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the housing, and a support plate is slidably connected along the groove. A spring is installed inside the groove and connected to the support plate. A sampling cylinder is rotatably connected to the support plate. A spiral tunneling head is installed inside the sampling cylinder via a flange. An active protection structure is provided between the motor and the sampling cylinder. This active protection structure can quickly disconnect the transmission connection between the motor and the spiral tunneling head if the sampling encounters hard foreign objects such as stones or concrete fragments that cause obstruction. This allows the motor to idle and the sampling end to stop immediately, effectively preventing the spiral tunneling head from cracking or deforming, eliminating the problem of motor stalling and burning out the windings, significantly reducing equipment failure rate and maintenance costs, and ensuring the stable and safe conduct of field sampling operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil sampling device technology, and in particular to a directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil. Background Technology

[0002] Soil environmental testing is an important foundation for ecological meteorological services and environmental meteorological assessments. Soil heavy metal content is a core indicator for assessing regional ecological quality and meteorological environmental evolution. It has important reference value for climate change impact analysis, ecological restoration assessment, and agricultural meteorological services. Soil samples are taken in the field using soil sampling devices, and then the soil is tested to analyze meteorological conditions.

[0003] A search revealed that patent CN204228449U proposes a "soil electric sampler," which includes a sampling mechanism, a power mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a drill shank mechanism, and a frame. It uses an electric device, and the circumference of the excavation head is equipped with densely packed serrations. In addition, the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical hollow drill body is provided with spiral cutting blades along the axial direction consistent with the forward movement direction of the serrations. The excavation speed is extremely fast, and it is also conducive to the removal of the cylindrical hollow drill body, resulting in particularly significant work efficiency.

[0004] This motor-driven soil sampling system uses a motor-driven tunneling head to rotate and press down to collect soil samples. However, in actual field operations, the soil layer often contains foreign objects such as stones and concrete fragments. When the tunneling head encounters such hard foreign objects during the sampling process, the sampling resistance will increase sharply and instantaneously, while the motor continues to output power. This can easily cause the spiral cutting blades of the tunneling head to break. At the same time, the overload torque will have a reaction effect on the motor, causing the motor to stall, the windings to burn out, etc., increasing the equipment maintenance cost.

[0005] When the tunneling head collects sticky, moist soil, the soil tends to adhere to the cylinder wall of the tunneling head and is difficult to detach on its own. The adhered soil tends to clump together and block the inner cavity of the tunneling head. Manual cleaning is time-consuming and labor-intensive, making it difficult to ensure continuous and efficient sampling operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a directional sampling device for soil heavy metal detection, comprising a housing, an electric cylinder mounted on the housing, a pad fixed to the electric cylinder, a motor mounted on the top of the pad, a sliding groove provided on the side wall of the housing, and a support plate slidably connected along the sliding groove, a first spring connected to the support plate inside the sliding groove, a sampling cylinder rotatably connected to the support plate, a spiral tunneling head mounted inside the sampling cylinder via a flange, an active protection structure between the motor and the sampling cylinder, an alarm structure between the active protection structure and the pad, an anti-adhesion structure for the sampling cylinder, and the active protection structure including a connecting column fixed to the motor output end, a slot inside the connecting column, an insert slidably connected inside the slot, and a second spring connected between the insert and the slot.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the connecting column is provided with an opening in the slot, the insert is fixed with a horizontal plate, and the horizontal plate extends through the opening, the horizontal plate has a slot through it, and an iron block is embedded in the inner wall of the slot.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a No. 1 disk is fixed at the top of the sampling cylinder, the top of the spiral tunneling head protrudes from the No. 1 disk, and a slot is provided at the top of the spiral tunneling head, the slot cooperating with the insert block.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the top of the first disc is provided with a first groove and a second groove. A vertical plate is slidably connected in the first groove, and a magnet is fixed at the top of the vertical plate. The magnet cooperates with an iron block. The vertical plate is provided with a wedge-shaped opening. A third spring is provided inside the first groove and connected to the vertical plate. A stop bar is slidably connected in the second groove along a limiting groove. A damping block is embedded at the bottom of the second groove. One end of the stop bar is used to limit the third spring, and the other end of the stop bar is provided with a wedge-shaped edge that cooperates with the wedge-shaped opening.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the alarm structure includes a second disk fixed to the outside of the connecting column, a third groove provided on the top of the second disk, a slider slidably connected inside the third groove and a fourth spring connected thereto, and an arc-shaped inclined block fixed on the top of the slider.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the pad is slidably connected to a movable rod in the vertical direction, a No. 5 spring is provided on the outside of the movable rod, and the bottom end of the No. 5 spring is connected to the pad. A striking rod is fixed to the movable rod, and a gong is installed on the top of the pad directly below the striking rod.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the anti-adhesion structure includes an air storage box installed on the inner wall of the box, a piston plate slidably connected inside the air storage box, an electric heating wire installed on the piston plate, a circular groove provided on the top of the second plate, the circular groove including an inclined groove, and a connecting rod fixed to the piston plate.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the end of the connecting rod is located above the second disk, and a protrusion is fixed to the end of the connecting rod, with the end of the protrusion inserted into the circular groove.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, an empty chamber is provided at the connection between the support plate and the sampling cylinder, a gas storage tank is provided on the wall of the sampling cylinder, a pressure valve is installed in the gas storage tank, an air inlet is provided above the gas storage tank, the air inlet is located inside the empty chamber, air bladders are distributed in a circular array on the inner wall of the gas storage tank, the air bladders are connected to the gas storage tank, the gas storage box is connected to the empty chamber through an air pipe, and the gas storage box is provided with an air inlet.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the sampling cylinder is equipped with a removable sealing plate.

[0017] The present invention provides a directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil, which has the following advantages: 1. This invention features an active protection structure. When encountering hard foreign objects such as stones or concrete fragments that cause obstruction during sampling, the transmission connection between the motor and the auger head can be quickly cut off, causing the motor to idle and the sampling end to stop immediately. This effectively prevents the auger head from cracking or deforming, eliminates the problem of motor stalling and burning out the windings, significantly reduces equipment failure rate and maintenance costs, and ensures the stable and safe conduct of field sampling operations.

[0018] 2. The present invention is equipped with an anti-adhesion structure. The reciprocating motion of the piston generates high-temperature gas to heat the inner wall of the sampling cylinder, reducing the adhesion of moist clay. At the same time, the air bladder in the cylinder wall expands and contracts periodically with the air pressure, pushing and pulling the adhering soil. The dual action completely avoids soil clumping and blockage, eliminating the need for frequent manual cleaning and greatly improving the efficiency of continuous sampling operations.

[0019] 3. This invention adds an alarm structure. When the active protection is triggered and the motor is idling, the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation drives the impact rod to periodically strike the gong, emitting a continuous warning sound. This promptly reminds the operator that the equipment is obstructed by foreign objects, facilitating quick handling measures and improving operational safety and controllability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling device proposed in this invention; Figure 2 The present invention proposes Figure 1 A schematic diagram after removing the casing; Figure 3 The present invention proposes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a partial structure; Figure 4 The present invention proposes Figure 3 Partial cross-section view; Figure 5 The present invention proposes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 6 The present invention proposes Figure 4 Display image after rotation; Figure 7 The present invention proposes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B; Figure 8 The present invention proposes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a partial structure; Figure 9 The present invention proposes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a partial structure.

[0021] 1. Housing; 2. Electric cylinder; 3. Pad plate; 4. Motor; 5. Slide groove; 6. Support plate; 7. Sampling cylinder; 8. Spiral tunneling head; 9. Connecting column; 10. Empty slot; 11. Spring No. 1; 12. Insert block; 13. Spring No. 2; 14. Opening; 15. Horizontal plate; 16. Groove; 17. Iron block; 18. Disc No. 1; 19. Slot; 20. Groove No. 1; 21. Groove No. 2; 22. Vertical plate; 23. Wedge-shaped opening; 24. Spring No. 3; 25. Limiting groove; 26. Stop bar; 27. Wedge-shaped edge; 2 8. Plate No. 2; 29. ​​Groove No. 3; 30. Slider; 31. Spring No. 4; 32. Arc-shaped inclined block; 33. Movable rod; 34. Spring No. 5; 35. Bumper rod; 36. Gong; 37. Air tank; 38. Piston plate; 39. Heating wire; 40. Circular groove; 41. Inclined groove; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Protrusion; 44. Empty chamber; 45. Air tank; 46. Pressure valve; 47. Air inlet groove; 48. Airbag; 49. Air pipe; 50. Air inlet; 51. Sealing plate; 52. Damping block; 53. Magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," and "set up" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The following describes embodiments of the invention based on its overall structure.

[0024] This invention proposes a directional sampling device for heavy metal detection in soil, comprising a housing 1, an electric cylinder 2 installed in the housing 1, a pad 3 fixed to the electric cylinder 2, a motor 4 installed on the top of the pad 3, a sliding groove 5 provided on the side wall of the housing 1, and a support plate 6 slidably connected along the sliding groove 5, a spring 11 provided inside the sliding groove 5 and connected to the support plate 6, and a sampling cylinder 7 rotatably connected to the support plate 6.

[0025] Furthermore, the sampling tube 7 is equipped with a detachable sealing plate 51, and the auger head 8 is installed inside the sampling tube 7 via a flange. After sampling, the sealing plate 51 is opened to release the soil sample, and the flange facilitates the replacement, disassembly and maintenance of the auger head 8.

[0026] Specifically, an active protection structure is provided between the motor 4 and the sampling cylinder 7, an alarm structure is provided between the active protection structure and the pad 3, and an anti-adhesion structure is provided for the sampling cylinder 7.

[0027] Furthermore, the active protection structure includes a connecting post 9 fixed to the output end of the motor 4, a slot 10 is provided inside the connecting post 9, a plug 12 is slidably connected inside the slot 10, and a second spring 13 is connected between the plug 12 and the slot 10.

[0028] Furthermore, the connecting column 9 is provided with an opening 14 at the empty slot 10, the insert block 12 is fixed with a horizontal plate 15, and the horizontal plate 15 extends through the opening 14. The horizontal plate 15 passes through a slot 16, and an iron block 17 is embedded in the inner wall of the slot 16.

[0029] Furthermore, a No. 18 is fixed to the top of the sampling tube 7, and the No. 18 extends through the top of the spiral tunneling head 8. A slot 19 is provided at the top of the spiral tunneling head 8, and the slot 19 cooperates with the insert block 12.

[0030] Furthermore, the top of the first disk 18 is provided with a first groove 20 and a second groove 21. A vertical plate 22 is slidably connected in the first groove 20. A magnet 53 is fixed on the top of the vertical plate 22. The magnet 53 cooperates with the iron block 17.

[0031] Furthermore, the vertical plate 22 is provided with a wedge-shaped opening 23, the interior of the first groove 20 is provided with a third spring 24 connected to the vertical plate 22, the second groove 21 is slidably connected with a stop bar 26 along the limiting groove 25, and the bottom of the second groove 21 is embedded with a damping block 52.

[0032] Furthermore, one end of the stop lever 26 is used to restrict the third spring 24, and the other end of the stop lever 26 is provided with a wedge-shaped edge 27 that cooperates with the wedge-shaped opening 23.

[0033] The above active protection structure shows that before the device is started, it is in the initial state. The electric cylinder 2 drives the pad plate 3 and the motor 4 to move downward smoothly. The connecting column 9 at the output end of the motor 4 moves downward accordingly. Then the bottom surface of the connecting column 9 contacts the top surface of the spiral tunneling head 8. After that, the horizontal plate 15 is pressed manually. The horizontal plate 15 is pressed down and the insert block 12 is lowered and the second spring 13 is compressed. Then the insert block 12 is inserted into the slot 19. As the horizontal plate 15 descends, the slot 16 on it descends to the magnet 53. As it continues to descend, the magnet 53 is inserted into the slot 16. Then, the magnet 53 and the iron block 17 in the slot 16 are precisely aligned and magnetically attracted. At this time, the magnetic attraction between the magnet 53 and the iron block 17 is greater than the restoring force of the second spring 13. Therefore, the second spring 13 can be kept in a stretched state to prevent it from leaving the slot 19 with the insert 12. This is the premise for the device to realize force transmission. By inserting the plug 12 into the slot 19 as described above, a reliable transmission connection between the power end of the motor 4 and the sampling execution end is achieved. like Figure 7 As shown, the third spring 24 in the first groove 20 is in a semi-extended state. One end of the stop lever 26 abuts against the semi-extended third spring 24, thereby firmly restricting the semi-extended third spring 24 and preventing it from retracting and returning to its original position. Here, the third spring 24 is set to semi-extended before the device is working. The purpose is to ensure that when the vertical plate 22 returns to its original position, it is not in the middle of the first groove 20 but at the left end of the first groove 20, in preparation for the active protection described below. After the motor 4 is started, the motor 4 drives the connecting column 9 to rotate at a constant speed. Because the insert block 12 is engaged with the slot 19, the torque of the connecting column 9 can be stably transmitted to the spiral tunneling head 8, which in turn drives the sampling cylinder 7 and the spiral tunneling head 8 to rotate synchronously. The spiral cutting structure of the spiral tunneling head 8 gradually cuts into the soil to complete the directional drilling sampling operation. During this process, the output end of the electric cylinder 2 extends accordingly to achieve rotation and descent. Then the soil sample comes into the interior of the sampling cylinder 7 and is collected. The rotation of the sampling cylinder 7 and the spiral tunneling head 8 will synchronously rotate the first disk 18. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the first disk 18 acts on the vertical plate 22, pushing the vertical plate 22 to move towards the right end of the first groove 20. Figure 7 During operation, due to the rotation of disk 18, vertical plate 22 is always positioned at the right end of groove 20 under centrifugal force. When the vertical plate 22 moves to the right, the wedge-shaped opening 23 on it presses the wedge-shaped edge 27 at the end of the stop bar 26. Under the guidance of the wedge, the stop bar 26 moves along the limiting groove 25, so that the stop bar 26 releases the limiting position of the third spring 24 in the half-stretched state. The damping block 52 embedded at the bottom of the second groove 21 provides stable damping for the sliding stop lever 26, so that it is completely locked after sliding and will not automatically reset, thus completely releasing the limiting constraint of the stop lever 26 on the third spring 24. The wedge-shaped opening 23 always maintains close contact with the wedge-shaped edge 27 and will not completely cross the wedge-shaped edge 27 of the stop bar 26, thus preventing the vertical plate 22 from being jammed due to excessive displacement, ensuring that it can be smoothly reset when encountering foreign objects in the future, and maintaining the reversibility of the protective structure. During sampling, if the spiral tunneling head 8 touches hard foreign objects such as stones or concrete blocks mixed in the soil, it will be subject to great resistance instantly, causing the sampling cylinder 7 and the spiral tunneling head 8 to get stuck, the speed to drop suddenly or even stop. Then the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the first disc 18 will disappear instantly. After the centrifugal force disappears, the No. 3 spring 24, which was previously stretched and stored by the centrifugal force, quickly releases its elastic potential energy and moves the vertical plate 22 to the left along the No. 1 groove 20. The reset distance is greater than the initial standby position. The purpose is to move the magnet 53 at the top of the vertical plate 22 to the blank area on the left side of the slot 16 where there is no iron block 17. Then the magnetic attraction between the magnet 53 and the iron block 17 disappears instantly. After the magnetic attraction disappears, the insert 12 is no longer constrained by the downward magnetic attraction. The second spring 13 resets in the empty slot 10 and moves the insert 12 upward, causing the horizontal plate 15 to slide upward synchronously along the opening 14. Finally, the insert 12 completely disengages from the slot 19 at the top of the spiral tunneling head 8. The transmission connection between the motor 4 and the spiral tunneling head 8 and the sampling cylinder 7 is completely cut off. At this time, the motor 4 only drives the connecting column 9 to rotate freely and no longer transmits any torque to the spiral tunneling head 8 and the sampling cylinder 7. Therefore, the spiral tunneling head 8 and the sampling cylinder 7 will stop immediately, realizing active protection when touching hard objects. The purpose of active protection is to prevent the spiral tunneling head 8 and the sampling cylinder 7 from cracking, deforming or breaking due to instantaneous excessive resistance when the spiral tunneling head 8 encounters hard foreign objects such as rocks or concrete and is jammed and overloaded. At the same time, it prevents the motor 4 from burning out the windings and damaging internal parts due to reverse overload torque generated by stalling. This effectively reduces the equipment failure rate and maintenance costs, and ensures the safe and stable operation of field sampling.

[0034] In addition, the alarm structure includes a second disk 28 fixed to the outside of the connecting column 9. The top of the second disk 28 is provided with a third groove 29. The inside of the third groove 29 is slidably connected to a slider 30 and connected to a fourth spring 31. The top of the slider 30 is fixed with an arc-shaped inclined block 32.

[0035] Furthermore, the pad 3 is slidably connected to a movable rod 33 in the vertical direction. A No. 5 spring 34 is provided on the outside of the movable rod 33, and the bottom end of the No. 5 spring 34 is connected to the pad 3. A striking rod 35 is fixed to the movable rod 33, and a gong 36 is installed on the top of the pad 3 directly below the striking rod 35.

[0036] The above alarm structure shows that when motor 4 drives connecting column 9 to rotate idling, the load of the whole machine is greatly reduced, the speed of motor 4 increases rapidly, connecting column 9 drives the second disk 28 to rotate synchronously at high speed, and the centrifugal force generated by the second disk 28 increases significantly. During normal sampling, the motor 4 drives the sampling cylinder 7 to rotate. The rotation speed is lower than that when idling. Therefore, the centrifugal force generated by the second disk 28 is insufficient to overcome the resistance of the fourth spring 31 to the slider 30. However, when idling, the centrifugal force is greatly increased and can completely overcome the resistance of the fourth spring 31, pushing the slider 30 and the arc-shaped inclined block 32 to the left side of the third groove 29, so that the arc-shaped inclined block 32 moves to the position directly below the movable rod 33.

[0037] As the second disc 28 rotates, the arc-shaped inclined block 32 and the movable rod 33 form line contact. Because the surface of the arc-shaped inclined block 32 is arc-shaped and inclined, when it rotates from the lower part of the arc-shaped inclined block 32 to the upper part, it will push the movable rod 33 upward and simultaneously stretch the fifth spring 34 to store energy. When the arc-shaped inclined block 32 rotates to the moment it disengages from the movable rod 33, the fifth spring 34 quickly returns to its original position, causing the movable rod 33 and the impact rod 35 to move downward rapidly. The impact rod 35 strikes the gong 36 and makes a sound. During the continuous rotation of the second disc 28, the arc-shaped inclined block 32 will periodically push and release the movable rod 33, causing the gong 36 to produce an intermittent but continuous warning sound, thereby reminding the operator that the equipment has come into contact with hard foreign objects such as stones, so that the operator can take corresponding measures.

[0038] The next step is that the anti-adhesion structure includes an air storage box 37 installed on the inner wall of the box 1, a piston plate 38 slidably connected inside the air storage box 37, and an electric heating wire 39 installed on the piston plate 38.

[0039] The top of the second disk 28 is provided with a circular groove 40, which includes an inclined groove 41. The piston plate 38 is fixed with a connecting rod 42. The end of the connecting rod 42 is located above the second disk 28. The end of the connecting rod 42 is fixed with a protrusion 43, and the end of the protrusion 43 is inserted into the circular groove 40.

[0040] Next, an empty chamber 44 is provided at the connection between the support plate 6 and the sampling cylinder 7. An air storage tank 45 is provided on the cylinder wall of the sampling cylinder 7. A pressure valve 46 is installed in the air storage tank 45. An air inlet 47 is provided above the air storage tank 45 and is located inside the empty chamber 44.

[0041] Next, the inner wall of the gas storage tank 45 is arranged in a circumferential array with air bladders 48. The air bladders 48 are made of aging-resistant silicone or polyurethane elastomer material, which has high elasticity, strong wear resistance and high temperature resistance, good toughness and tear resistance, and can resist the friction and scraping of sand and gravel and hard impurities in the soil. They are not easily damaged and are suitable for repeated expansion and contraction conditions, and can stably peel off wet and sticky soil. The air bladders 48 are connected to the gas storage tank 45, and the gas storage box 37 is connected to the empty chamber 44 through the air pipe 49. The gas storage box 37 is provided with an air inlet 50.

[0042] The above-mentioned anti-adhesion structure indicates that when the device is running, the second disk 28 rotates continuously with the connecting column 9. Since the protrusion 43 at the end of the connecting rod 42 extends into the circular groove 40 at the top of the second disk 28, under the guidance of the inclined groove 41 inside the circular groove 40, the protrusion 43 will make periodic reciprocating motion along the inclined groove 41, thereby driving the connecting rod 42 to move synchronously back and forth, and driving the piston plate 38 to continuously slide back and forth in the gas storage box 37. When the piston plate 38 moves inward toward the gas storage tank 37, the one-way air inlet valve at the air inlet 50 is automatically closed by the internal air pressure. At the same time, the one-way exhaust valve in the air pipe 49 is opened by the air pressure. The gas inside the gas storage tank 37 is compressed by the piston plate 38 and heated by the heating wire 39 to form high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas is transported along the air pipe 49 to the gas storage tank 45 inside the sampling cylinder 7, continuously heating the inside of the gas storage tank 45 and raising the cylinder wall temperature to reduce the adhesion of wet clay, thereby reducing soil adhesion from the source. When the piston plate 38 moves in reverse to reset, a negative pressure is formed inside the gas storage tank 37. The one-way exhaust valve in the gas pipe 49 is automatically closed under the action of the negative pressure to prevent the high-temperature gas in the gas storage tank 45 from flowing back in reverse and to ensure the heat stability in the gas storage tank 45. At the same time, the one-way air intake valve at the air inlet 50 opens automatically under the action of external air pressure, and outside air smoothly enters the air storage tank 37 to complete the air replenishment. The one-way air intake valve and the one-way exhaust valve rely on the positive and negative pressure generated by the reciprocating motion of the piston plate 38 to achieve precise alternating opening and closing, ensuring continuous one-way delivery of high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas entering the gas storage tank 45 causes the air bladder 48 on the inner wall of the gas storage tank 45 to inflate. The air bladder 48 expands outward and pushes the moist clay adhering to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 7. When the internal pressure of the gas storage tank 45 rises to the set threshold of the pressure valve 46, the pressure valve 46 automatically opens to release pressure, and the air bladder 48 contracts and resets. When the air bladder 48 expands, it pushes the adhering soil, and when it contracts, it rebounds quickly, forming an instantaneous negative pressure and contraction pulling force, which tears the adhesive layer between the soil and the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 7, allowing the adhering soil to fall off quickly. Combined with the heating and drying effect of the high-temperature gas on the cylinder wall, the dual action effectively prevents soil adhesion, clumping and blockage on the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 7, ensuring continuous and efficient sampling operations.

[0043] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil, characterized in that, The system includes a housing (1), on which an electric cylinder (2) is installed. A pad (3) is fixed to the electric cylinder (2). A motor (4) is installed on the top of the pad (3). A sliding groove (5) is provided on the side wall of the housing (1), and a support plate (6) is slidably connected along the sliding groove (5). A first spring (11) is provided inside the sliding groove (5) and connected to the support plate (6). A sampling cylinder (7) is rotatably connected to the support plate (6). A spiral tunneling device is installed inside the sampling cylinder (7) through a flange. The head (8), the motor (4) and the sampling cylinder (7) are provided with an active protection structure, the active protection structure and the pad (3) are provided with an alarm structure, the sampling cylinder (7) is provided with an anti-adhesion structure, the active protection structure includes a connecting column (9) fixed at the output end of the motor (4), the connecting column (9) is provided with a slot (10), the slot (10) is slidably connected with a plug (12), and a second spring (13) is connected between the plug (12) and the slot (10).

2. The directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting column (9) is provided with an opening (14) at the empty slot (10). The insert (12) is fixed with a horizontal plate (15), and the horizontal plate (15) passes through the opening (14). The horizontal plate (15) has a slot (16) through it, and an iron block (17) is embedded in the inner wall of the slot (16).

3. The directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the sampling tube (7) is fixed with a No. 1 disk (18), the top of the spiral tunneling head (8) extends out of the No. 1 disk (18), and the top of the spiral tunneling head (8) is provided with a slot (19), which cooperates with the insert block (12).

4. The directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the first plate (18) is provided with a first groove (20) and a second groove (21). A vertical plate (22) is slidably connected in the first groove (20). A magnet (53) is fixed on the top of the vertical plate (22). The magnet (53) cooperates with the iron block (17). The vertical plate (22) is provided with a wedge-shaped opening (23). A third spring (24) is provided inside the first groove (20) and connected to the vertical plate (22). A stop bar (26) is slidably connected in the second groove (21) along the limiting groove (25). A damping block (52) is embedded at the bottom of the second groove (21). One end of the stop bar (26) is used to limit the third spring (24). The other end of the stop bar (26) is provided with a wedge-shaped edge (27) that cooperates with the wedge-shaped opening (23).

5. A directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alarm structure includes a second disk (28) fixed to the outside of the connecting column (9). The top of the second disk (28) is provided with a third groove (29). The inside of the third groove (29) is slidably connected to a slider (30) and connected to a fourth spring (31). The top of the slider (30) is fixed with an arc-shaped inclined block (32).

6. A directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pad (3) is slidably connected to a movable rod (33) in the vertical direction. A No. 5 spring (34) is provided on the outside of the movable rod (33), and the bottom end of the No. 5 spring (34) is connected to the pad (3). A striking rod (35) is fixed to the movable rod (33), and a gong (36) is installed on the top of the pad (3) directly below the striking rod (35).

7. A directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-adhesion structure includes an air storage box (37) installed on the inner wall of the box body (1), a piston plate (38) is slidably connected inside the air storage box (37), an electric heating wire (39) is installed on the piston plate (38), a circular groove (40) is provided on the top of the second plate (28), the circular groove (40) includes an inclined groove (41), and a connecting rod (42) is fixed on the piston plate (38).

8. A directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the connecting rod (42) is located above the second disk (28), and a protrusion (43) is fixed to the end of the connecting rod (42). The end of the protrusion (43) is inserted into the circular groove (40).

9. A directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil according to claim 8, characterized in that, An empty chamber (44) is provided at the connection between the support plate (6) and the sampling cylinder (7). A gas storage tank (45) is provided on the wall of the sampling cylinder (7). A pressure valve (46) is installed in the gas storage tank (45). An air inlet (47) is provided above the gas storage tank (45). The air inlet (47) is located inside the empty chamber (44). Airbags (48) are arranged in a circular array on the inner wall of the gas storage tank (45). The airbags (48) are connected to the gas storage tank (45). The gas storage box (37) is connected to the empty chamber (44) through an air pipe (49). The gas storage box (37) is provided with an air inlet (50).

10. A directional sampling device for detecting heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling tube (7) is equipped with a removable sealing plate (51).

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