A Multi-Field Coupled Integrated Composite Rock Breaking Test Method Adapted to Complex Environments

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-field coupled integrated composite rock breaking test method adapted to complex environments; it relates to the field of geotechnical engineering technology; it employs a test system device, which includes a drilling module, a drilling monitoring module, a multi-field coupled loading module, and a multi-mode rock breaking module; the method includes the following steps: S1, configuring the test environment to simulate a complex multi-field coupled environment; S2, selecting at least one rock breaking mode from the multi-mode rock breaking module to perform rock breaking operation; S3, collecting multi-dimensional drilling mechanical parameters during the rock breaking process; S4, calculating the dimensionless parameter comprehensive index λ of rock mechanical fragility; S5, classifying the rock mechanical fragility level C based on the comprehensive index λ; this invention deeply integrates composite rock breaking methods under multi-field coupled environments such as high ground pressure, high water pressure, and high temperature difference, providing real-time, accurate, and reliable test data support for engineering geological rock mass testing, design scheme optimization, disaster early warning, and safety risk assessment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering technology, and in particular to a multi-field coupled integrated composite rock breaking test method adapted to complex environments. Background Technology

[0002] As human demand for the development of deep Earth resources, utilization of deep sea space, and exploration of deep space becomes increasingly urgent, resource exploration and engineering development are continuously extending into extreme environments such as deep earth, deep sea, and deep space. The study of the fracturing mechanism and tool adaptability of rock masses under the coupling of multiple physical fields in the extreme environments of the "three deeps" has become a key technical challenge restricting resource exploration and development engineering.

[0003] Existing indoor physical model testing devices mostly focus on simulating single or dual-field environments, making it difficult to achieve full-domain coupling of "high ground pressure-high water pressure-temperature difference-microgravity-disturbance". Furthermore, the field parameter control range is narrow and the accuracy is low, resulting in significant deviations from the real "three-deep" environment. At the same time, "three-deep" test equipment is mostly independently designed, with low module reuse rate and high test costs, failing to meet the needs of cross-scenario integrated research. Moreover, existing devices have a single rock breaking method, lack a multi-mode rapid switching mechanism, and the dimensionality of drilling monitoring data is too low. They lack high-frequency, multi-dimensional drilling monitoring and real-time data analysis capabilities, making it impossible to establish an accurate mapping relationship between drilling rock breaking parameters and rock mass characteristics. The impact of multi-field coupling on rock breaking characteristics lacks an accurate quantitative model, making it impossible to achieve real-time inversion and classification of the mechanical fracturing properties of ore and rock.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field to develop an experimental system that can highly integrate multi-field coupled environment simulation, multi-mode rock breaking operation, real-time parameter monitoring and intelligent data analysis, in order to fill the gaps in existing technologies and improve the reliability and engineering applicability of rock breaking mechanism research under extreme environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To facilitate teaching and scientific research in the interdisciplinary fields of geotechnical engineering, marine engineering, and deep space exploration engineering, and to provide real-time, accurate, and reliable experimental data support for the study of non-explosive mechanical rock breaking mechanisms and process optimization under extreme environments, this application provides a multi-field coupled integrated composite rock breaking test method adapted to complex environments.

[0006] This application provides a multi-field coupled integrated composite rock breaking test method adapted to complex environments, employing the following technical solution:

[0007] The test system is equipped with a drilling module, a drilling monitoring module, a multi-field coupled loading module, and a multi-mode rock breaking module.

[0008] Includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Configure the test environment and simulate a complex multi-field coupling environment through the multi-field coupling loading module;

[0010] S2. Select at least one rock breaking mode from the multi-mode rock breaking module and perform the rock breaking operation;

[0011] S3. Collect multi-dimensional drilling mechanical parameters during the rock breaking process through the drilling monitoring module;

[0012] S4. Calculate the dimensionless comprehensive index λ of mechanical fragility of ore and rock using drilling mechanical parameters.

[0013] S5. Based on the comprehensive index λ of the mechanical crushability of ore and rock, classify the mechanical crushability level of ore and rock into C, so as to provide optimization guidance for subsequent engineering operation plans;

[0014] The multi-field coupling loading module includes a test chamber, which includes a test compartment and a flange end cover. Four loading blocks are horizontally arranged in the test compartment, and a cavity for accommodating the sample is formed between the four loading blocks. A microgravity air flotation platform and a temperature difference control circulation pipeline are provided at the bottom of the cavity. A pressure relief hole is also provided at the bottom of the test compartment.

[0015] The loading block is equipped with a through hole with a valve, and an array of osmotic pressure holes are arranged at one end near the sample. The osmotic pressure holes are connected to the through hole. The test chamber is also equipped with two loading cylinders, and the telescopic ends of the two loading cylinders abut against the two loading blocks respectively.

[0016] The test chamber is also equipped with a spoiler and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the spoiler is connected to the bottom of the test chamber by a hinge, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the spoiler to rotate. The spoiler is also equipped with a clearance hole for avoiding the loading block, and the size of the clearance hole is larger than the size of the loading block.

[0017] Optionally, the drilling module includes a feed beam, which is vertically arranged; a drilling rig is slidably connected to the feed beam along the vertical direction; a traction hydraulic cylinder for driving the drilling rig to feed is provided on the feed beam; and a multi-cylinder clamp for clamping the drill rod of the drilling rig is also provided on the feed beam.

[0018] Optionally, the drilling monitoring module includes: a speed-torque composite sensor integrated on the drilling rig spindle, a composite stress sensor installed in the traction hydraulic cylinder and at the connection, a wire displacement sensor installed on the drilling rig push rod, and an acoustic emission and vibration sensor assembled at the drilling rig drill pipe interface.

[0019] Optionally, the multi-field coupling loading module includes a test chamber and a movable platform; the movable platform is provided with a threaded rotating rod and two sliding rods arranged in parallel at intervals, and the two sliding rods are fixedly connected to the movable platform; the threaded rotating rod is rotatably connected to the movable platform, and its rotation axis is set in the horizontal direction; a movable slider is slidably sleeved on the two sliding rods, and a threaded slider is threadedly connected to the threaded rotating rod, and the movable slider and the threaded slider are connected to a movable chassis; the test chamber is connected to the movable chassis; the movable platform is also provided with a bidirectional servo motor for driving the rotation of the threaded rotating rod; the rotation of the threaded rotating rod drives the movable chassis to slide, thereby driving the test chamber away from or towards the drilling rig.

[0020] Optionally, the flange end cover has a liquid filling interface and a magnetic fluid sealing shaft for connecting the drill rod of the drilling rig to the top; the magnetic fluid sealing shaft end assembly adopts a combination structure of magnetic fluid and permanent magnet, with its upper part connected to the drill rod and its lower part connected to the multi-mode cutter head; an air-filling sealing groove is provided around the flange end cover, and a multi-parameter sensor array and a binocular camera are also provided on the side of the flange end cover near the test chamber.

[0021] Optionally, the temperature difference control circulation pipeline is arranged in a ring shape and is in close contact with the mineral rock sample. The temperature conduction medium inside the pipeline is brine. The microgravity air flotation platform is arranged in a multi-pore array and is connected to a wind compressor at the bottom.

[0022] Optionally, the multi-mode rock breaking module includes various rock breaking cutter heads, specifically: core drill bit, roller cone drill bit, ball tooth drill bit, twist drill bit, cutting tooth cutter head, and hob cutter head; each cutter head is connected to the end of the magnetic fluid sealing shaft by mortise and tenon locking.

[0023] Optionally, the specific calculation formula for the comprehensive index λ of the mechanical fragility of ore and rock in step S4 is as follows:

[0024] ;

[0025] in: As the benchmark breakage index, ;

[0026] in, The specific energy of the standard concrete sample; This represents the specific energy of the current rock sample under the current working conditions.

[0027] The specific formula for calculating rock breaking energy is as follows: ;

[0028] Where T is the drilling torque, F is the drilling propulsion force, N is the rotational speed, V is the drilling speed, A is the total contact area between the cutting tooth and the rock, and is the inherent property of the cutting tooth;

[0029] The rock-breaking mode influence function, : This represents the rock-breaking efficiency coefficient of the current cutting tooth under standard conditions. The efficiency coefficient of rock breaking mode under standard conditions;

[0030] This is a multi-field coupling influence function used to characterize the additional corrections to rock-breaking behavior caused by the interaction of high water pressure, low temperature, and disturbance fields.

[0031] ;

[0032] in This is the single-game impact coefficient. This represents the inter-field interaction influence coefficient. These are higher-order terms and error terms; and All are normalized field strength parameters;

[0033] Normalized field strength parameters of the pressure field: ;

[0034] Normalized field strength parameters for temperature field: ;

[0035] Normalized field strength parameters of the perturbation field: ;

[0036] Normalized field strength parameters of the gravitational field: ;

[0037] Where P is the magnitude of the test pressure field. ΔT represents the magnitude of the standard pressure field; ΔT represents the magnitude of the temperature field. f represents the magnitude of the standard temperature field; f represents the magnitude of the perturbation field frequency. g is the magnitude of the standard perturbation field frequency; g is the magnitude of the gravitational field. This is the standard gravitational constant.

[0038] Optionally, in step S5, the mechanical fragility level of the ore and rock includes four levels;

[0039] when At this stage, it is the first level, indicating that it is extremely soft and easily broken;

[0040] when At that time, it was the second level, indicating that the soft rock was moderately fractured;

[0041] when At this time, it is the third level, indicating that the medium-hard rock is moderately fractured;

[0042] when At this time, it is level four, indicating that the rock is hard and difficult to break;

[0043] The threshold score is used to classify the cutoff level.

[0044] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0045] This application utilizes a multi-field coupling loading module based on relevant equipment components within the test chamber to achieve a high degree of simulation of extreme environments in deep earth, deep sea, and deep space, thereby simulating complex working conditions. The multi-mode rock-breaking module, based on a multi-mode rock-breaking cutter head, can realize composite rock-breaking methods such as "impact-rotation." This invention deeply integrates composite rock-breaking methods under multi-field coupling environments such as "high ground pressure-high water pressure-high temperature difference," making it suitable for teaching and scientific research in fields such as mining engineering, marine engineering, and deep space exploration. It also provides real-time, accurate, and reliable experimental data support for engineering geological rock mass testing, design scheme optimization, disaster early warning, and safety risk assessment. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental apparatus used in this application;

[0047] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mobile test bench and test chamber.

[0048] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structural principle of the mobile platform;

[0049] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the flange end cap top and the multi-blade rock-breaking module;

[0050] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the overall component layout inside the test chamber;

[0051] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the loading block and the microgravity air buoyancy platform.

[0052] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drilling module.

[0053] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0054] 1. Drilling Module; 1-1. Drill Rig; 1-2. Traction Hydraulic Cylinder; 1-3. Feed Beam; 1-4. Drill Rod; 1-5. Multi-Cylinder Clamp; 2. Drilling Monitoring Module; 2-1. Speed-Torque Composite Sensor; 2-2. Wire Displacement Sensor; 2-3. Pressure Sensor; 2-4. Acoustic Emission and Vibration Sensor; 3. Multi-Field Coupled Loading Module; 4. Hydraulic Power Module; 6. Wastewater Treatment System; 7. Multi-Mode Rock Breaking Module; 7-1. Roller Cone Bit; 7-2. Core Bit; 7-3. Twist Bit; 7-4. Ball Tooth Bit; 7-5. Pick-Type Cutting Tooth; 7-6. Hob Cutting Cutter; 8. Flange End Cap; 8-1. Magnetohydrodynamic Seal Shaft End Assembly; 8 -2. Multi-parameter sensor array; 8-3. Binocular camera; 8-4. Liquid filling interface; 8-5. Inflatable sealing groove; 9. Test chamber; 10. Moving platform; 10-1. Threaded rotating rod; 10-2. Threaded slider; 10-3. Sliding rod; 10-4. Moving slider; 10-5. Bidirectional servo motor; 10-6. Moving chassis; 11. Air compressor; 12. Loading cylinder; 13. Loading block; 13-1. Through hole; 13-2. Through hole control valve; 13-3. Osmotic pressure hole; 14. Cavity; 14-1. Microgravity air flotation platform; 14-2. Temperature difference control circulation pipeline; 15. Baffle; 15-1. Telescopic cylinder; 16. Pressure relief hole. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0056] This application discloses a multi-field coupled integrated composite rock breaking test method adapted to complex environments, which uses a test system device, including a drilling module 1, a drilling monitoring module 2, a multi-field coupled loading module 3, and a multi-mode rock breaking module 7.

[0057] The drilling module 1 includes a feed beam 1-3, which is vertically arranged; a drilling rig 1-1 is slidably connected to the feed beam 1-3 along the vertical direction; a traction hydraulic cylinder 1-2 for driving the feed of the drilling rig 1-1 is provided on the feed beam 1-3; a multi-cylinder clamp 1-5 for clamping the drill rod 1-4 of the drilling rig 1-1 is also provided on the feed beam 1-3;

[0058] The drilling monitoring module 2 includes: a speed-torque composite sensor 2-1 integrated on the spindle of the drilling rig 1-1, a composite stress sensor installed in and at the connection of the traction hydraulic cylinder 1-2, a wire displacement sensor 2-2 installed at the push rod of the drilling rig 1-1, and an acoustic emission and vibration sensor mounted at the drill bit of the drilling rig 1-1;

[0059] The multi-field coupling loading module 3 includes a test chamber 9 and a movable platform 10. The movable platform 10 has a threaded rotating rod 10-1 and two sliding rods 10-3 arranged parallel to each other, with the two sliding rods 10-3 fixedly connected to the movable platform 10. The threaded rotating rod 10-1 is rotatably connected to the movable platform 10, with its rotation axis set horizontally. A movable slider 10-4 is slidably sleeved on the two sliding rods 10-3, and a threaded slider 10-2 is threadedly connected to the threaded rotating rod 10-1. The movable slider 10-4 and the threaded slider 10-2 are connected together to a movable base 10-6. The test chamber 9 is connected to the movable base 10-6. The movable platform 10 is also equipped with a bidirectional servo motor 10-5 for driving the threaded rotating rod 10-1 to rotate. The movable base 10-6 slides to drive the test chamber 9 away from or towards the drilling rig 1-1.

[0060] The test chamber 9 includes a test chamber and a flange end cover 8; four loading blocks 13 are horizontally arranged in the test chamber, and the four loading blocks 13 are arranged in a circle to form a cavity 14 for accommodating the sample. The bottom of the cavity 14 is provided with a microgravity air flotation platform 14-1 and a temperature difference control circulation pipeline 14-2; the bottom of the test chamber is also provided with a pressure relief hole 16, through which the test waste liquid can flow into the sewage treatment system 6;

[0061] The loading block 13 is provided with a through hole 13-1 equipped with a valve. At the end of the loading block 13 near the sample, there are arrayed osmotic pressure holes 13-3. The osmotic pressure holes 13-3 are connected to the through hole 13-1. The valve can further control the amount of communication between the osmotic pressure holes and the through hole 13-1. The test chamber 9 is also provided with two loading cylinders 12. The telescopic ends of the two loading cylinders 12 respectively abut against the two loading blocks 13.

[0062] The test chamber is also equipped with a spoiler 15 and a telescopic cylinder 15-1. The bottom of the spoiler 15 is connected to the bottom of the test chamber by a hinge. The telescopic cylinder 15-1 is used to drive the spoiler 15 to rotate, simulating ocean current disturbance. The spoiler 15 is also equipped with a clearance hole for avoiding the loading block 13. The size of the clearance hole is larger than the size of the loading block 13.

[0063] The flange end cover 8 has a liquid filling interface 8-4 and a magnetic fluid sealing shaft end assembly 8-1 for connecting the drill rod 1-4 of the drilling rig 1-1. The magnetic fluid sealing shaft end assembly 8-1 adopts a combination structure of magnetic fluid and permanent magnet to achieve contactless sealing at the transmission shaft through the chamber. It can realize radial and rotary cutting motion of the transmission shaft. Its upper part is connected to the drill rod 1-4 and its lower part is connected to the multi-mode cutter head. At the same time, the component can withstand "high pressure + high temperature difference". The flange end cover 8 is surrounded by an air-filling sealing groove 8-5. The flange end cover 8 is also equipped with a multi-parameter sensor array 8-2 on the side near the test chamber.

[0064] The temperature difference control circulation pipeline 14-2 adopts a ring arrangement and is in close contact with the mineral rock sample. The temperature conduction medium inside the pipeline is brine. The microgravity air flotation platform 14-1 adopts a multi-pore array arrangement and is connected to a wind compressor 11 at the bottom.

[0065] The multi-mode rock breaking module 7 includes various rock breaking cutter heads, specifically: core drill bit 7-2, roller cone drill bit 7-1, ball tooth drill bit 7-4, twist drill bit 7-3, cutting tooth cutter head 7-5, and hobbing cutter head 7-6; each cutter head is connected to the end of the magnetic fluid sealing shaft by mortise and tenon locking.

[0066] The specific steps are as follows:

[0067] S1. Configure the test environment and simulate a complex multi-field coupling environment through the multi-field coupling loading module 3;

[0068] S2. Select at least one rock breaking mode from the multi-mode rock breaking module 7 and perform the rock breaking operation;

[0069] S3. Collect multi-dimensional drilling rig parameters during the rock breaking process through the drilling monitoring module 2;

[0070] Specifically:

[0071] T1: Continuous rock breaking test of mechanical cutter under multi-field coupling environment of "high ground pressure-high temperature-high osmotic pressure" in deep earth;

[0072] The simulation examines the rock-breaking performance of drilling tools under the coupled effects of high temperature, high ground stress, and high pore water pressure during deep mineral resource mining.

[0073] Test equipment and sample assembly: Place the mineral rock sample on the cavity 14 in the center of the multi-field coupled loading test chamber 9; install the pick-type cutting tooth head 7-5 below the magnetohydrodynamic sealing shaft end assembly 8-1; set the multi-physics target parameters;

[0074] Construction of multi-physics coupling environment: High ground pressure field simulation: The loading cylinder 12 is activated to apply bidirectional pressure to the loading block 13 to achieve high ground stress loading in the circumferential and axial directions of the sample; High ground temperature field simulation: The temperature difference control circulation pipeline 14-2 is activated to pump high-temperature brine CaCl into the pipeline, and the sample is uniformly heated to the set temperature through heat conduction; High osmotic pressure simulation: The opening of the liquid channel is adjusted by controlling the valve through the through hole 13-1 on the loading block 13 to apply high pressure permeable water flow to the sample surface to simulate the deep high pore water pressure environment.

[0075] Rock breaking test process: The test chamber 9 is precisely moved to the drilling position by the moving platform 10; the multi-functional drill rod 1-4 is connected to the interface above the magnetic fluid sealing shaft end assembly 8-1; the drilling module 1 is controlled to start the servo drill 1-1 to drive the cutting tooth head to continuously break rocks in the "impact-rotation" compound mode; the traction hydraulic cylinder 1-2 is started to provide constant thrust, and the multi-cylinder clamp 1-5 suppresses the vibration of the drill rod 1-4.

[0076] Data acquisition and real-time feedback: The drilling monitoring module 2 collects parameters such as torque T, rotational speed N, thrust F, and thrust speed V in real time, and captures rock fracture signals through acoustic emission and vibration sensors 2-4; the system observes the rock breaking process and cuttings transport status in real time through the binocular camera 8-3 of the visualization system; if a sudden change in torque or abnormal vibration is detected, the system can automatically adjust the drilling parameters or trigger a safety shutdown.

[0077] Test completion and handling: After rock breaking is completed, drilling and environmental loading are stopped; the pressure relief hole 16 is opened to discharge the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid in the chamber, which is then treated by the sewage treatment system 6 and discharged; the test chamber 9 is moved out through the central threaded screw moving system, and rock samples and rock cuttings are taken out for analysis.

[0078] T2: Continuous rock-breaking test of mechanical cutter under multi-field coupling environment of "high water pressure-low temperature-large disturbance" in deep sea;

[0079] The simulation of rock-breaking behavior and tool wear characteristics of cutting tools under multi-physical field coupling environments such as high pressure, low temperature and ocean current disturbance in deep-sea mining or drilling operations.

[0080] Test equipment and sample assembly: Place the seabed cobalt-rich crust sample on the rock sample clamping platform in the center of the multi-field coupling loading test chamber 9; install the roller cutter head 7-6 below the magnetohydrodynamic sealing shaft end assembly 8-1; set the multi-physics target parameters.

[0081] Multi-physics coupling environment construction: High water pressure field simulation, simulated seawater medium is injected into the test chamber 9 through liquid filling interface 8-4 to simulate the high static water pressure in the deep sea; Low temperature field simulation, the temperature difference control circulation pipeline 14-2 is activated to circulate low temperature brine to stabilize the sample environment temperature in the low temperature state of the deep sea; Disturbance field simulation, the telescopic cylinder 15-1 is activated to drive the baffle 15, and the swing frequency and amplitude are set to simulate the fluid disturbance of the seabed current on the drill bit-rock coupling system.

[0082] Rock breaking test process: The test chamber 9 is precisely moved to the drilling position by the moving platform 10; the multi-functional drill rod 1-4 is connected to the interface above the magnetic fluid sealing shaft end assembly 8-1; the drilling module 1 is controlled by the intelligent control module to start the servo drill 1-1 to drive the roller cutter head 7-6 to carry out the rock breaking test in pure rotary cutting mode; the traction hydraulic cylinder 1-2 is started to provide constant thrust, and the multi-cylinder clamp 1-5 suppresses the vibration of the drill rod 1-4.

[0083] Data acquisition and real-time feedback: The monitoring module 2 synchronously acquires mechanical parameters and vibration signals, and observes the rock breaking process and cuttings transport status in real time through the binocular camera 8-3 of the visualization system; the multi-parameter sensor array 8-2 monitors the changes in temperature, hydraulic pressure and disturbance field inside the chamber to ensure the stability of the environmental simulation. If the chamber pressure overload or abnormal disturbance is detected, the system can automatically adjust the drilling parameters or trigger a safety shutdown.

[0084] Test completion and handling: After the test, the pressure was slowly released through the pressure relief hole 16, and the seawater medium was discharged to the sewage treatment system; the test chamber 9 was moved out through the central threaded screw moving system, and the rock samples and rock debris were taken out for analysis. The baffle 15 and residual rock debris in the chamber were cleaned to keep the system clean.

[0085] T3: Continuous rock-breaking test of mechanical cutting tools under multi-field coupling environment of "high temperature difference-microgravity-high ground pressure" in deep space;

[0086] The rock-breaking adaptability of drilling tools under the coupled effects of multiple physical fields such as extreme temperature differences, low gravity, and pressure of the original rock of the celestial body during simulated drilling on the surface of celestial bodies such as the moon or Mars.

[0087] Test equipment and sample assembly: Place the lunar soil simulant or basalt sample on the rock sample clamping platform in the center of the multi-field coupling loading test chamber 9; install the core drill bit 7-2 below the magnetohydrodynamic sealing shaft end assembly 8-1; set the multi-physics target parameters.

[0088] Construction of multi-physics coupling environment: microgravity field simulation, the wind compressor 11 is started to supply air to the microgravity air flotation platform 14-1, forming a uniform air film at the bottom of the sample, which significantly reduces contact stress and simulates a low gravity environment; high temperature difference field simulation, the circulation pipeline 14-2 is controlled by temperature difference to quickly switch between high temperature and low temperature brine, so as to realize the periodic temperature impact of the sample within the set temperature difference range; star shell original rock pressure simulation, the equivalent confining pressure of the star shell is applied by the biaxial confining pressure loading cylinder 12.

[0089] Rock breaking test process: The test box 9 is precisely moved to the drilling position through the central threaded screw moving system; the multi-functional drill rod 1-4 is connected to the interface above the magnetic fluid sealing shaft end assembly 8-1; the drilling module 1 is controlled to start the servo drill 1-1 to drive the core drill bit 7-2 to perform continuous core sampling in the "rotational slow feed" mode; the traction hydraulic cylinder 1-2 is started to provide constant thrust, and the multi-cylinder clamp 1-5 suppresses the vibration of the drill rod 1-4.

[0090] Data acquisition and real-time feedback: The drilling monitoring module 2 synchronously acquires mechanical parameters and vibration signals; the binocular camera 8-3 observes the rock breaking process and cuttings transport status in real time, and the multi-parameter sensor array 8-2 monitors the multi-field coupling changes in the chamber to ensure the stability of the environmental simulation.

[0091] Test completion and processing: After core sampling, the temperature, pressure and air buoyancy loads were gradually removed; the test chamber 9 was moved out using the central threaded screw moving system, and the rock sample and rock fragments were taken out for analysis.

[0092] After the above three tests are completed, the intelligent control module will extract the single-field coefficient k under the current operating condition based on the calibration table. i With interaction coefficient k ij The system quantifies the influence weight of each field on rock breaking efficiency, and calculates the real-time rock breaking specific energy SE and comprehensive index λ based on the formula, and dynamically displays the rock breaking level according to the λ value.

[0093] S4. Calculate the dimensionless comprehensive index λ of mechanical fragility of ore and rock using drilling mechanical parameters.

[0094] Specifically:

[0095] Comprehensive index of mechanical crushability of ore and rock The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0096] ;

[0097] in: As the benchmark breakage index, ;

[0098] in, The specific energy of the standard concrete sample; This represents the specific energy of the current rock sample under the current working conditions.

[0099] The specific formula for calculating rock breaking energy is as follows: ;

[0100] Where T is the drilling torque, F is the drilling propulsion force, N is the rotational speed, V is the drilling speed, A is the total contact area between the cutting tooth and the rock, and is the inherent property of the cutting tooth;

[0101] The rock-breaking mode influence function, : This represents the rock-breaking efficiency coefficient of the current cutting tooth under standard conditions. The efficiency coefficient of rock breaking mode under standard conditions;

[0102] Rockbreaking Mode Core drill bit Ball tooth drill bit Twist drill bit roller cone drill bit Tooth cutting head hobbing cutter head <![CDATA[Φ m ]]> <![CDATA[Φ1]]> <![CDATA[Φ2]]> <![CDATA[Φ2]]> <![CDATA[Φ3]]> <![CDATA[Φ4]]> <![CDATA[Φ5]]>

[0103] This is a multi-field coupling influence function used to characterize the additional corrections to rock-breaking behavior caused by the interaction of high water pressure, low temperature, and disturbance fields.

[0104] ;

[0105] in This is the single-game impact coefficient. This represents the inter-field interaction influence coefficient. These are higher-order terms and error terms; and All are normalized field strength parameters;

[0106] Normalized field strength parameters of the pressure field: ;

[0107] Normalized field strength parameters for temperature field: ;

[0108] Normalized field strength parameters of the perturbation field: ;

[0109] Normalized field strength parameters of the gravitational field: ;

[0110] Where P is the magnitude of the test pressure field. ΔT represents the magnitude of the standard pressure field; ΔT represents the magnitude of the temperature field. f represents the magnitude of the standard temperature field; f represents the magnitude of the perturbation field frequency. g is the magnitude of the standard perturbation field frequency; g is the magnitude of the gravitational field. It is the standard gravitational constant;

[0111] S5. Based on the comprehensive index of mechanical fragility of ore and rock Classification of mechanical crushability of ore and rock This will provide guidance for subsequent engineering operations.

[0112] The mechanical fragility of ore and rock is classified into four levels;

[0113] when At this stage, it is the first level, indicating that it is extremely soft and easily broken;

[0114] when At that time, it was the second level, indicating that the soft rock was moderately fractured;

[0115] when At this time, it is the third level, indicating that the medium-hard rock is moderately fractured;

[0116] when At this time, it is level four, indicating that the rock is hard and difficult to break;

[0117] The threshold score is used to classify the cutoff level.

[0118] Specific construction examples:

[0119] Calculation of the performance of 150 MPa granite under multi-field coupling conditions of "high water pressure-low temperature-disturbance":

[0120] This embodiment uses the coring drill bit mode as an example to fully explain the calculation process and grading process of the comprehensive index of rock mechanical fracturing. For other rock breaking modes such as roller cone bits, ball tooth bits, twist bits, cutting tooth bits, or hobbing cutter bits, the same method can be used to obtain the corresponding drilling mechanical parameters and determine the corresponding Φ. m Afterwards, the corresponding comprehensive index calculations and mechanical crushability level determinations are completed.

[0121] To illustrate the comprehensive index of rock mechanical fracturing in this application, this application uses a 150 MPa granite sample as an example to calculate and explain the rock breaking adaptability of the core drill bit mode in complex environments.

[0122] 1. Setting of test subjects and standard conditions;

[0123] In this embodiment, a granite sample with a uniaxial compressive strength of approximately 150 MPa was selected as the test object. The mechanical rock breaking mode was first selected using a core drill bit mode, with an inner radius of 28 mm, an outer radius of 38 mm, and 10 cutting teeth.

[0124] First, define the standard conditions as follows:

[0125] Standard hydraulic field: ;

[0126] Standard low temperature field: ;

[0127] Standard perturbation frequency: ;

[0128] Standard gravitational acceleration:

[0129] Under standard conditions, the specific energy of the selected standard sample (concrete) is:

[0130] ;

[0131] The core drilling mode was selected as the standard mode. After calibration, its rock breaking mode influence function was set as follows: .

[0132] 2. Setting of test environment parameters;

[0133] This implementation case simulates a deep-sea environment characterized by "high water pressure, low temperature, and disturbance," and its environmental parameters are set as follows:

[0134] Current water pressure field: ;

[0135] Current low temperature field: ;

[0136] Current perturbation frequency: ;

[0137] Current gravitational acceleration: ;

[0138] Then the normalized field strength parameters for each field are:

[0139] Normalized field strength parameters of the pressure field: ;

[0140] Normalized field strength parameters for temperature field: ;

[0141] Normalized field strength parameters of the perturbation field: ;

[0142] In this example, the gravitational field is constant, and the normalized field strength parameters are as follows: ;

[0143] 3. Statistics of monitoring data while drilling;

[0144] Average torque: ;

[0145] Average thrust: ;

[0146] Average speed: ;

[0147] Total stroke change in the stable region: h = 251 mm;

[0148] The sampling interval is 1 second, with a total of 253 time intervals. Therefore, the average drilling speed is: .

[0149] The total contact area of ​​the cutting teeth is: ;

[0150] 4. Rock breaking energy (SE) calculation, ;

[0151] 5. Benchmark breakage index;

[0152] In this embodiment, the benchmark fragility index is determined based on the ratio of the specific fragility energy of the current rock sample under these conditions to that of the standard sample under standard conditions, i.e.:

[0153] ;

[0154] 6. Calibration of single-event influence coefficient and interaction influence coefficient;

[0155] In this example, the results were obtained through pre-calibration experiments:

[0156] Single match impact coefficient:

[0157] When a high water pressure field acts alone: ;

[0158] When a low-temperature field acts alone: ;

[0159] When the disturbance field acts alone: ;

[0160] Two-field interaction influence coefficient:

[0161] Interaction between high water pressure and low temperature fields: ;

[0162] High water pressure – interaction with disturbance field: ;

[0163] Low temperature-perturbation field interaction effects: ;

[0164] Substituting these values ​​into the calculation yields: ,

[0165] If we set a=1, b=2, c=3, we can get λ>c, so we can determine that the rock is a hard rock that is difficult to break in this environment.

[0166] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-field coupled integrated composite rock-breaking test method adapted to complex environments, characterized in that: The test system is equipped with a drilling module, a drilling monitoring module, a multi-field coupled loading module, and a multi-mode rock breaking module. Includes the following steps: S1. Configure the test environment and simulate a complex multi-field coupling environment through the multi-field coupling loading module; S2. Select at least one rock breaking mode from the multi-mode rock breaking module and perform the rock breaking operation; S3. Collect multi-dimensional drilling mechanical parameters during the rock breaking process through the drilling monitoring module; S4. Calculate the dimensionless comprehensive index λ of mechanical fragility of ore and rock using drilling mechanical parameters. S5. Based on the comprehensive index λ of the mechanical crushability of ore and rock, classify the mechanical crushability level of ore and rock into C, so as to provide optimization guidance for subsequent engineering operation plans; The multi-field coupling loading module includes a test chamber, which includes a test compartment and a flange end cover. Four loading blocks are horizontally arranged in the test compartment, and a cavity for accommodating the sample is formed between the four loading blocks. A microgravity air flotation platform and a temperature difference control circulation pipeline are provided at the bottom of the cavity. A pressure relief hole is also provided at the bottom of the test compartment. The loading block is equipped with a through hole with a valve, and an array of osmotic pressure holes are arranged at one end near the sample. The osmotic pressure holes are connected to the through hole. The test chamber is also equipped with two loading cylinders, and the telescopic ends of the two loading cylinders abut against the two loading blocks respectively. The test chamber is also equipped with a spoiler and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the spoiler is connected to the bottom of the test chamber by a hinge, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the spoiler to rotate. The spoiler is also equipped with a clearance hole for avoiding the loading block, and the size of the clearance hole is larger than the size of the loading block.

2. The multi-field coupled integrated composite rock-breaking test method adapted to complex environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling module includes a feed beam, which is vertically arranged; a drilling rig is slidably connected to the feed beam along the vertical direction; a traction hydraulic cylinder for driving the drilling rig to feed is provided on the feed beam; and a multi-cylinder clamp for holding the drill rod of the drilling rig is also provided on the feed beam.

3. The multi-field coupled integrated composite rock-breaking test method adapted to complex environments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drilling monitoring module includes: a speed-torque composite sensor integrated on the drilling rig spindle, a composite stress sensor installed in the traction hydraulic cylinder and at the connection, a wire displacement sensor installed at the drilling rig push rod, and an acoustic emission and vibration sensor assembled at the drilling rig drill pipe interface.

4. The multi-field coupled integrated composite rock-breaking test method adapted to complex environments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-field coupling loading module includes a test chamber and a movable platform. A threaded rotating rod and two sliding rods are arranged parallel to each other on the movable platform, with the two sliding rods fixedly connected to the movable platform. The threaded rotating rod is rotatably connected to the movable platform, with its rotation axis set horizontally. A movable slider is slidably sleeved on the two sliding rods, and a threaded slider is threadedly connected to the threaded rotating rod. The movable slider and the threaded slider are connected to a movable chassis. The test chamber is connected to the movable chassis. The movable platform is also equipped with a bidirectional servo motor for driving the rotation of the threaded rotating rod. The movable chassis slides to drive the test chamber away from or towards the drilling rig.

5. The multi-field coupled integrated composite rock-breaking test method adapted to complex environments according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flange end cover has a liquid filling interface and a magnetic fluid sealing shaft for connecting the drill rod of the drilling rig to the top. The magnetic fluid sealing shaft end assembly adopts a combination structure of magnetic fluid and permanent magnet. Its upper part is connected to the drill rod and its lower part is connected to the multi-mode cutter head. An air-filling sealing groove is provided around the flange end cover. A multi-parameter sensor array and a binocular camera are also provided on the side of the flange end cover near the test chamber.

6. The multi-field coupled integrated composite rock-breaking test method adapted to complex environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature difference control circulation pipeline is arranged in a ring shape and is in close contact with the mineral rock sample. The temperature conduction medium inside the pipeline is brine. The microgravity air flotation platform is arranged in a multi-pore array and is connected to a wind compressor at the bottom.

7. The multi-field coupled integrated composite rock-breaking test method adapted to complex environments according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-mode rock breaking module includes various rock breaking cutter heads, specifically: core drill bit, roller cone drill bit, ball tooth drill bit, twist drill bit, cutting tooth cutter head, and hobbing cutter head; each cutter head is connected to the end of the magnetic fluid sealing shaft by mortise and tenon locking.

8. The multi-field coupled integrated composite rock breaking test method adapted to complex environments according to claim 7, characterized in that: The comprehensive index of mechanical fragility of ore and rock in step S4 The specific calculation formula is as follows: ； in: As the benchmark breakage index, ; in, The specific energy of the standard concrete sample under standard working conditions; This represents the specific energy of the current rock sample under the current working conditions. The specific formula for calculating rock breaking energy is as follows: ; Where T is the drilling torque, F is the drilling propulsion force, N is the rotational speed, V is the drilling speed, A is the total contact area between the cutting tooth and the rock, and is the inherent property of the cutting tooth; The rock-breaking mode influence function, : This represents the rock-breaking efficiency coefficient of the current cutting tooth under standard conditions. The efficiency coefficient of rock breaking mode under standard conditions; This is a multi-field coupling influence function used to characterize the additional corrections to rock-breaking behavior caused by the interaction of high water pressure, low temperature, and disturbance fields. ； in This is the single-game impact coefficient. This represents the inter-field interaction influence coefficient. These are higher-order terms and error terms; and All are normalized field strength parameters; Normalized field strength parameters of the pressure field: ; Normalized field strength parameters for temperature field: ; Normalized field strength parameters of the perturbation field: ; Normalized field strength parameters of the gravitational field: ; Where P is the magnitude of the test pressure field. ΔT represents the magnitude of the standard pressure field; ΔT represents the magnitude of the temperature field. f represents the magnitude of the standard temperature field; f represents the magnitude of the perturbation field frequency. g is the magnitude of the standard perturbation field frequency; g is the magnitude of the gravitational field. This is the standard gravitational constant.

9. The multi-field coupled integrated composite rock-breaking test method adapted to complex environments according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S5, the mechanical fragility grade of the ore and rock includes four grades; when At this stage, it is the first level, indicating that it is extremely soft and easily broken; when At that time, it was the second level, indicating that the soft rock was moderately fractured; when At this time, it is the third level, indicating that the medium-hard rock is moderately fractured; when At this time, it is level four, indicating that the rock is hard and difficult to break; The threshold score is used to classify the cutoff level.

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