A visual inspection device for ship nuts

Abstract

This invention discloses a visual inspection device for ship nuts, comprising a worktable, a rotating rod rotatably connected to the upper end of the worktable, a disk fixedly connected to the rotating rod, multiple rotating components on the side of the disk, and a visual inspection component at the upper end of the worktable. Each rotating component includes an arc-shaped groove on the outer side of the disk, and a connecting frame fixedly connected to the lower end of the disk, with a vertical rod rotatably connected through the connecting frame. This device can achieve 360-degree full-circumference inspection of ship nuts without blind spots, effectively solving the problem of high missed detection rate in existing single-view inspection technologies. Simultaneously, a dual positioning and fixing mechanism ensures the stability of the ship nuts' posture during inspection, significantly improving inspection accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, it automates the entire process of feeding, inspection, and sorting, significantly improving inspection efficiency, and is particularly suitable for high-precision appearance defect inspection of new-generation high-performance material ship nuts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship nut manufacturing technology, and in particular to a visual inspection device for ship nuts. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of marine engineering equipment and the shipbuilding industry, ship fasteners, as key components for hull structural connections, directly affect the navigation safety and service life of ships. To cope with severe chloride ion corrosion, extreme temperature changes, and long-term vibration loads in the seawater environment, the new generation of ship nuts are generally manufactured using high-performance new materials, including nickel-copper alloys, 2205 duplex stainless steel, and high-nickel alloys combined with titanium-based composites. These new materials, through the addition of rare earth elements to optimize the crystal structure, far surpass the corrosion resistance of traditional carbon steel and ordinary stainless steel nuts. Simultaneously, to meet special assembly requirements, many ship nuts are designed with strip-shaped holes on the side for installing locking pins or achieving specific connection functions.

[0003] Currently, the visual defect detection of ship nuts mainly employs machine vision technology. The typical workflow of existing inspection equipment is as follows: a vibratory feeder sorts and loads the ship nuts, which are then conveyed one by one to a rotating disc via a conveyor track. The disc drives the nuts in a circular motion, and when a nut passes a fixedly installed inspection camera, the camera takes a picture for inspection. While this method achieves a degree of automation, it suffers from the following significant technical drawbacks:

[0004] Existing equipment can only inspect a single fixed side of a ship nut, failing to achieve 360-degree full-circumference inspection without blind spots. Because the slotted holes on the side of the ship nut may be distributed at any angle, and the surface may have minor cracks, scratches, dents, and other defects, single-view inspection creates numerous blind spots, resulting in a missed detection rate of over 5%, severely impacting product quality. To compensate for this deficiency, some high-end equipment uses a multi-camera surround arrangement. However, this not only significantly increases equipment costs and installation / adjustment difficulty but also reduces detection accuracy due to differences in lighting between different cameras and image stitching errors.

[0005] Therefore, a visual inspection device for ship nuts needs to be designed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a visual inspection device for ship nuts. This device can achieve 360-degree full-circumference inspection of ship nuts without blind spots, effectively solving the problem of high missed detection rate in existing single-view inspection. At the same time, the dual positioning and fixing mechanism ensures the stability of the ship nuts during the inspection process, greatly improving the inspection accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, it automates the entire process of feeding, inspection, and sorting, significantly improving inspection efficiency. It is particularly suitable for high-precision appearance defect inspection of new generation high-performance new material ship nuts.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A visual inspection device for ship nuts includes a worktable. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the upper end of the worktable, and a disc is fixedly connected to the rotating rod. Multiple rotating components are provided on the side of the disc, and a visual inspection component is provided at the upper end of the worktable. Each rotating component includes an arc-shaped groove on the outer side of the disc. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the lower end of the disc, and a vertical rod is rotatably connected through the connecting frame. A circular block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical rod, and a placement groove is provided at the upper end of the circular block. A fixing column is fixedly connected to the upper end of the worktable, and an arc-shaped rack is fixedly connected to the fixing column. A gear that meshes with the arc-shaped rack is installed on the vertical rod. During the rotation of the disc, when the gear meshes with the arc-shaped rack, the gear drives the circular block and the ship nut to rotate, allowing the visual inspection component to perform a comprehensive inspection of the side of the ship nut.

[0009] Preferably, each of the placement slots has a locking component at its inner bottom. The locking component is used to connect the circular block to the product, so that the circular block can stably drive the product to rotate. The locking component includes a movable slot at the bottom of the placement slot. An upper moving block is slidably connected in the movable slot. The upper moving block is elastically connected to the inner bottom of the movable slot by a first spring. Horizontal slots are provided on both the left and right sides of the upper moving block. Wedge blocks are slidably connected in both horizontal slots. The two wedge blocks are elastically connected to the inner wall of the corresponding horizontal slot by a second spring.

[0010] Preferably, an arc-shaped magnetic strip is fixedly connected to the fixed column. The arc-shaped magnetic strip is located below the disk and corresponds to the position of the arc-shaped rack. Each of the upper moving blocks is made of magnetic material. The arc-shaped magnetic strip and the adjacent sides of the upper moving block are like-particles and repel each other. In the initial state, the upper surface of the upper moving block is flush with the inner bottom of the placement groove. Multiple wedge blocks are located in the transverse groove and the second spring is in a compressed state. When the upper moving block approaches the arc-shaped magnetic strip, under the action of magnetic repulsion, the upper moving block moves upward and enters the ship nut, releasing the obstruction to the wedge blocks. Under the elastic action of the second spring, the two wedge blocks move in opposite directions and abut against the inner wall of the ship nut.

[0011] Preferably, a support column is fixedly connected to the upper end of the workbench, and a top plate is fixedly connected to the upper ends of multiple support columns. The visual inspection component includes a supplementary light installed inside the top of the top plate. A fixing frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the workbench, and a camera is installed on the fixing frame to inspect the strip hole on the side of the ship nut.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end of the workbench is fixedly connected to two fixed frames, and the upper end of the fixed frames is equipped with a feeding rail for feeding ship nuts. The upper end of the workbench is fixedly connected to a qualified discharge channel and a defective discharge channel. The side of the workbench is provided with a qualified discharge port and a defective discharge port. The qualified discharge port and the qualified discharge channel are connected, and the defective discharge channel and the defective discharge port are connected.

[0013] Preferably, both the qualified discharge channel and the defective discharge channel are provided with unloading components at their upper ends. The unloading components include two slide rails installed at the upper end of the qualified discharge channel or the defective discharge channel. A strip block is slidably connected to each of the two slide rails. A push plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the strip block. A first cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the qualified discharge channel or the defective discharge channel. The telescopic end of the first cylinder is fixedly connected to the strip block.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of clamping components are installed on the upper end of the disc, and the positions of the plurality of clamping components correspond one-to-one with the arc-shaped grooves. The clamping components are used to clamp the ends of the ship nuts. Each clamping component includes two mounting brackets, and a second cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of each of the two mounting brackets. The two second cylinders are arranged opposite to each other, and an arc-shaped clamping block is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of each of the two second cylinders. The shape of the two arc-shaped clamping blocks is adapted to the ends of the ship nuts. A photoelectric sensor is installed on the upper end of each of the two second cylinders. The photoelectric sensor is used to detect whether there is material in the arc-shaped groove.

[0015] Preferably, the workbench is provided with an installation chamber, the lower end of the rotating rod extends into the installation chamber, a servo motor is installed in the installation chamber, and bevel gears that mesh with each other are installed on both the servo motor and the rotating rod.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention innovatively adopts a composite motion detection method of "revolution + rotation". Through the meshing transmission of the arc rack and gear, the ship nut can rotate at a constant speed around its own axis while making circular motion with the disk. Only one fixed camera is needed to realize the 360-degree full circumference scanning detection of the ship nut without dead angles. It completely eliminates the visual blind spots of single-view detection, reduces the product missed detection rate, and eliminates the need for multiple cameras to be arranged around it. This greatly reduces the equipment manufacturing cost and installation and debugging difficulty, and avoids the inherent lighting differences and image stitching errors of multi-camera systems.

[0018] 2. Compared with existing technologies, this invention designs a dual positioning and fixing mechanism consisting of a magnetically driven internal locking component and an external pneumatic clamping component, which can achieve synchronous fixing of ship nuts in both internal and external directions. The locking component is automatically triggered by the repulsive force between the arc-shaped magnetic strip and the magnetic upper moving block, and achieves radial positioning by pressing the wedge block against the inner wall of the nut; the clamping component achieves axial and circumferential positioning by clamping the end of the nut with symmetrically arranged arc-shaped clamping blocks, effectively solving the problem that nuts are prone to slippage, displacement or even tilting during high-speed rotation and start-stop in existing equipment, ensuring a high degree of consistency in the detection posture, and is particularly suitable for the detection of new ship nuts such as high-nickel alloys and titanium-based composite materials with strong surface reflectivity;

[0019] 3. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can accurately position the ship nut at the preset detection station through the dual positioning and fixing mechanism, ensuring that the distance and angle between the nut and the detection camera are always constant. This effectively avoids fluctuations in image brightness, contrast and imaging ratio caused by posture changes, and significantly improves the detection accuracy of defects such as the position, size and shape tolerance of the side strip hole, as well as surface micro-cracks, scratches, and bumps. It can meet the stringent requirements of the new generation of high-performance ship nuts for detection accuracy.

[0020] 4. Compared with the prior art, the present invention integrates an automatic feeding track, a vision inspection component and a dual-station automatic unloading and sorting component, realizing the fully automated operation of ship nuts from sorting and feeding, full circumferential inspection and automatic sorting of qualified products and defective products.

[0021] In summary, this invention effectively solves the technical defects of existing ship nut visual inspection equipment, such as high missed detection rate, unstable detection posture, insufficient detection accuracy, and low degree of automation. It can achieve high-precision, high-efficiency, and comprehensive automated inspection of new generation high-performance new material ship nuts. It has the advantages of reasonable structural design, stable and reliable operation, low manufacturing cost, and high detection efficiency. It has broad application prospects and promotion value in the fields of shipbuilding industry and marine engineering equipment manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a visual inspection device for ship nuts proposed in this invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a visual inspection device for ship nuts proposed in this invention from another perspective;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a frontal view structural diagram of a visual inspection device for ship nuts proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component.

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A half-section view;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upward-moving block;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A sectional view.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Workbench, 2. Installation chamber, 3. Defective product outlet, 4. Qualified product outlet, 5. Qualified product outlet channel, 6. Defective product outlet channel, 7. Fixed frame, 8. Feeding rail, 9. Support column, 10. Top plate, 11. Disc, 12. Fixed frame, 13. Camera, 14. Fixed column, 15. Arc rack, 16. Gear, 17. Arc magnetic strip, 18. Rotating rod, 19. Servo motor, 20. Bevel gear, 21. Fill light, 22. Slide rail, 23. Strip block, 24. First cylinder, 25. Push plate, 26. Photoelectric sensor, 27. Mounting frame, 28. Second cylinder, 29. Arc clamping block, 30. Arc groove, 31. Arc guide groove, 32. Annular guide block, 33. Vertical rod, 34. Connecting frame, 35. Circular block, 36. Placement groove, 37. Upward moving block, 38. Moving groove, 39. First spring, 40. Horizontal groove, 41. Wedge block, 42. Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figures 1-9A visual inspection device for ship nuts includes a worktable 1. A rotating rod 18 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the worktable 1. A disc 11 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 18. Multiple rotating components are provided on the side of the disc 11. A visual inspection component is located at the upper end of the worktable 1. The rotating component includes an arc-shaped groove 30 on the outer side of the disc 11. A connecting frame 34 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the disc 11. A vertical rod 33 is rotatably connected through the connecting frame 34. A circular block 35 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical rod 33. A placement groove 36 is provided at the upper end of the circular block 35. A fixing column 14 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the worktable 1. An arc-shaped rack 15 is fixedly connected to the fixing column 14. A gear 16 that meshes with the arc-shaped rack 15 is installed on the vertical rod 33. During the rotation of the disc 11, when the gear... When gear 16 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 15, it drives the circular block 35 and the ship nut to rotate, enabling the vision inspection component to perform a comprehensive inspection of the side of the ship nut. The workbench 1 has a mounting chamber 2, and the lower end of the rotating rod 18 extends into the mounting chamber 2. The mounting chamber 2 is equipped with a servo motor 19. Both the servo motor 19 and the rotating rod 18 are equipped with meshing bevel gears 20. The servo motor 19 adopts a closed-loop control method, which can accurately control the rotation speed and angle of the disc 11, ensuring that the dwell time and rotation position of each station are precisely consistent. The two bevel gears 20 adopt a hardened tooth surface machining process, which has high transmission accuracy and load-bearing capacity, effectively reducing transmission backlash, ensuring the smooth rotation of the disc 11, and avoiding the impact of transmission vibration on the inspection accuracy.

[0034] The upper end of the workbench 1 is fixedly connected to a support column 9, and the upper ends of multiple support columns 9 are jointly fixedly connected to a top plate 10. The vision inspection component includes a supplementary light 21 installed on the top of the top plate 10. The upper end of the workbench 1 is fixedly connected to a mounting frame 12, and a camera 13 is installed on the mounting frame 12. The camera 13 is used to inspect the strip hole on the side of the ship nut. The supplementary light 21 adopts a ring shadowless light source design, which can provide a uniform and soft lighting environment, effectively eliminating light spots and shadows caused by reflection on the surface of the ship nut, and improving the image acquisition quality. The camera 13 adopts a high-resolution industrial camera and is equipped with a telecentric lens, which can ensure that the imaging ratio is constant within a certain object distance range and is not affected by the slight axial displacement of the ship nut, thus ensuring the accuracy of dimensional measurement.

[0035] Each placement slot 36 has a locking component at its inner bottom. This component connects the circular block 35 to the product, allowing the circular block 35 to stably rotate the product. The locking component includes a movable slot 38 at the bottom of the placement slot 36. An upper moving block 37 is slidably connected within the movable slot 38. The upper moving block 37 is elastically connected to the inner bottom of the movable slot 38 via a first spring 39. The upper moving block 37 has transverse slots 40 on both its left and right sides. Wedge-shaped blocks 41 are slidably connected within each of the two transverse slots 40. The side of the wedge-shaped block 41 furthest from the second spring 42 is an arc surface. Fine anti-slip teeth are machined on the outer arc surface of the wedge-shaped block 41, with the tooth direction perpendicular to the rotation direction of the ship nut. This significantly increases the friction between the wedge-shaped block 41 and the inner wall of the nut, preventing relative sliding between them. Two wedge blocks 41 are elastically connected to the inner wall of the corresponding transverse groove 40 by a second spring 42. An arc-shaped magnetic strip 17 is fixedly connected to the fixed column 14. The arc-shaped magnetic strip 17 is located below the disk 11 and corresponds to the position of the arc-shaped rack 15. Each moving block 37 is made of magnetic material. The adjacent sides of the arc-shaped magnetic strip 17 and the moving block 37 are like-particles and repel each other. In the initial state, the upper surface of the moving block 37 is flush with the inner bottom of the placement groove 36. Multiple wedge blocks 41 are located in the transverse groove 40 and the second spring 42 is in a compressed state. When the moving block 37 approaches the arc-shaped magnetic strip 17, under the action of magnetic repulsion, the moving block 37 moves upward and enters the ship nut, releasing the obstruction of the wedge blocks 41. Under the elastic action of the second spring 42, the two wedge blocks 41 move back to back and abut against the inner wall of the ship nut.

[0036] The sum of the working spring force of the second spring 42 and the maximum static friction force between the wedge block 41 and the inner wall of the transverse groove 40 is always greater than the maximum radial thrust generated on the wedge block 41 when the ship nut rotates. The second spring 42 is made of high-strength stainless steel spring wire, and its pre-compression is designed to be 60%-70% of the total compression, with an initial preload of 15-25N. When the wedge block 41 is fully extended and pressed against the inner wall of the ship nut, the working spring force of the second spring 42 further increases to 25-40N. The inner wall of the transverse groove 40 and the side of the wedge block 41 are both sandblasted and roughened, with the surface roughness controlled between Ra6.3-Ra12.5μm, so that the static friction coefficient between them reaches 0.3-0.4. The maximum static friction force generated can reach 7.5-16N. According to actual tests, the maximum radial thrust generated on a single wedge block when the ship nut with a diameter of M16-M30 rotates at a speed of 30-60r / min does not exceed 12N. In this design, the minimum value of "the working force of the second spring + the static friction force of the transverse groove" is 32.5N, which is much greater than the maximum radial thrust, ensuring that the wedge block 41 will never retract inward during the rotation of the nut. The tension of the first spring 39 is designed to be 50-80N, which is much greater than the maximum unlocking force required to press the two wedge blocks 41 back into the transverse groove 40. When the test is completed and the magnetic repulsion disappears, the first spring 39 can provide sufficient tension to drive the upper moving block 37 to move down quickly. The horizontal component of the working inclined plane overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 42 and the friction force of the transverse groove, and pushes the two wedge blocks 41 back into the transverse groove 40 smoothly.

[0037] The upper end of the workbench 1 is fixedly connected to two fixed frames 7. The upper end of the fixed frames 7 is equipped with a feeding rail 8, which is used to feed the ship nuts. The upper end of the workbench 1 is fixedly connected to a qualified discharge channel 5 and a defective discharge channel 6. The side of the workbench 1 is provided with a qualified discharge port 4 and a defective discharge port 3. The qualified discharge port 4 is connected to the qualified discharge channel 5, and the defective discharge channel 6 is connected to the defective discharge port 3. The feeding rail 8 is connected to the vibrating feeding plate. The inside of the rail is provided with a directional guide groove, which can ensure that the ship nuts are conveyed into the arc-shaped groove 30 of the disc 11 in a uniform posture. Both the qualified discharge channel 5 and the defective discharge channel 6 adopt an inclined design. The inner wall of the channel is lined with wear-resistant rubber pads, which can slow down the downward speed of the ship nuts and prevent the products from being bumped and damaged during the discharge process.

[0038] The qualified discharge channel 5 and the defective discharge channel 6 are both equipped with unloading components at their upper ends. The unloading components include two slide rails 22 installed at the upper end of the qualified discharge channel 5 or the defective discharge channel 6. A strip block 23 is slidably connected to each of the two slide rails 22. A push plate 25 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the strip block 23. A first cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the qualified discharge channel 5 or the defective discharge channel 6. The telescopic end of the first cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the strip block 23. The inner side of the push plate 25 is provided with an arc-shaped push surface that matches the outer contour of the ship nut. It can fit tightly against the side of the ship nut during unloading to ensure uniform thrust and prevent the ship nut from tilting or jamming during the pushing process. The slide rails 22 adopt linear ball slide rails, which have the characteristics of smooth movement and low resistance, and can ensure the straightness and stability of the push plate 25 movement.

[0039] The upper end of the disc 11 is equipped with multiple clamping components, each corresponding to a position in the arc-shaped groove 30. These clamping components are used to clamp the end of the ship nut. Each clamping component includes two mounting brackets 27, each with a second cylinder 28 fixedly connected to its upper end. The two second cylinders 28 are positioned opposite each other, and each has an arc-shaped clamping block 29 fixedly connected to its telescopic end. The shape of the two arc-shaped clamping blocks 29 is adapted to the end of the ship nut. A photoelectric sensor is installed on the upper end of each of the two second cylinders 28 to detect whether there is material in the arc-shaped groove. The second cylinder 28 is a cylinder with a magnetic ring, which can precisely control the extension stroke of the cylinder through a magnetic switch, ensuring that the arc-shaped clamping block 29 can accurately move to the preset limit position, achieving a light-touch limit clamping of the ship nut. The inner surface of the arc-shaped clamping block 29 is covered with a soft silicone pad, which prevents damage to the surface of the ship nut and increases friction, improving the limiting effect.

[0040] The functional principle of this invention can be explained through the following operational methods:

[0041] Before the equipment is started, all components are in the initial state: the disc 11 is stationary, the gear 16 in each rotating assembly is separated from the arc rack 15; the upper moving block 37 in the clamping assembly is located at the bottom of the moving groove 38 under the tension of the first spring 39, its upper end face is flush with the bottom of the placement groove 36, the two wedge blocks 41 are blocked by the side wall of the upper moving block 37 and are completely stored in the transverse groove 40, and the second spring 42 is in a compressed state; the two second cylinders 28 in the clamping assembly are in a retracted state, and the two arc clamping blocks 29 are separated from each other; the first cylinders 24 in the two unloading assemblies are both in a retracted state, and the push plate 25 is located at the outer end of the slide rail 22.

[0042] After the equipment is started, the vibrating feeding plate sorts and arranges the new material ship nuts to be tested. The nuts are then conveyed one by one to the corresponding arc-shaped groove 30 on the outer side of the disc 11 via the feeding rail 8 connected to its outlet end. After feeding, the bottom of the nut accurately falls into the placement groove 36 at the upper end of the circular block 35, and the bottom side of the nut is in close contact with the side of the placement groove 36, achieving initial radial positioning. When the nut falls into the placement groove 36, the photoelectric sensor of the clamping component above this station detects the presence of material and sends a signal to the control system. The control system then controls the two second cylinders 28 of this station to extend synchronously, driving the two arc-shaped clamping blocks 29 to move towards each other to a preset limit position, providing a light-touch limit clamping (limited clamping, leaving a small gap), preventing the nut from tipping over or shifting significantly during the disc's rotation, and ensuring that subsequent nuts can rotate freely with the circular block 35. Subsequently, the control system controls the servo motor 19 to start, driving the rotating rod 18 and the disc 11 to rotate at a set speed.

[0043] The disc 11 drives the rotating assembly carrying the ship nut to rotate toward the inspection station. When the rotating assembly enters the effective range of the arc-shaped magnetic strip 17, the internal magnetic locking mechanism is automatically triggered.

[0044] Since the upper moving block 37 is made of magnetic material, and the adjacent sides of the arc-shaped magnetic strip 17 and the upper moving block 37 have the same magnetic poles, when the rotating component approaches the arc-shaped magnetic strip 17, the repulsive force of like poles overcomes the tension of the first spring 39, pushing the upper moving block 37 upward along the moving groove 38 and into the central threaded hole of the ship nut. As the upper moving block 37 moves upward, the blocking effect of its side wall on the wedge block 41 is gradually released. Under the elastic restoring force of the second spring 42, the two wedge blocks 41 move away from each other along the transverse groove 40, and their inclined ends tightly abut against the inner wall of the central hole of the ship nut, realizing a rigid connection between the nut and the circular block 35, ensuring that the two can rotate completely synchronously. At this time, the external arc-shaped clamping block 29 still remains in a light-touch limiting state and does not affect the rotation of the nut.

[0045] After the internal magnetic locking is completed, the disc 11 continues to drive the ship nut in a circular revolution. At this time, the gear 16 in the rotating assembly engages with the arc-shaped rack 15 fixed on the fixed column 14. Since the arc-shaped rack 15 is stationary, the gear 16 rotates around its own axis while revolving with the disc 11. The rotation of the gear 16 is transmitted to the circular block 35 through the vertical rod 33, which in turn drives the ship nut, which is fixed by the magnetic locking, to rotate uniformly around its own axis.

[0046] As the ship nut simultaneously revolves and rotates, its entire side surface passes uniformly through the imaging area of ​​the camera 13 fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 12. The supplementary lighting 21 below the top plate 10 provides uniform and stable illumination, eliminating surface reflections and shadows. Because the ship nut can sequentially display its entire 360-degree circumference to the camera 13 during its rotation, only one fixed camera is needed to continuously capture all areas of the nut's side surface, including slotted holes distributed at arbitrary angles and surface defects such as minor cracks, scratches, and dents. The control system processes and analyzes the acquired images in real time to determine whether the ship nut meets quality standards and stores and marks the inspection results.

[0047] When gear 16 completely disengages from the meshing range of arc-shaped rack 15, the rotation of the ship nut stops, and the full-circumference inspection process is completed. At this time, the rotating component also just leaves the effective range of arc-shaped magnetic strip 17, the like-pole repulsion force disappears, and the upper moving block 37 moves downward and resets under the pulling force of the first spring 39, pushing the two wedge blocks 41 back into the transverse groove 40, and the internal magnetic locking is automatically released. The external arc-shaped clamping block 29 remains in a light-touch limiting state to prevent the nut from tipping over or shifting during subsequent conveying to the unloading station.

[0048] The disc 11 continues to rotate, sequentially conveying the inspected ship nuts to the corresponding stations in the qualified product discharge channel 5 and the defective product discharge channel 6. Based on the previous inspection results, the control system controls the corresponding components to operate in the following sequence:

[0049] Release the limit clamp: The control system first controls the two second cylinders 28 of this station to retract synchronously, which drives the arc-shaped clamp 29 to separate from each other, completely releasing the limit clamp on the ship nut and allowing the nut to return to a freely movable state.

[0050] Perform the unloading operation: After the limit is released, the control system immediately controls the first cylinder 24 at the upper end of the corresponding discharge channel to retract, which drives the push plate 25 to move inward along the slide rail 22 through the strip block 23, smoothly pushing the ship nut from the arc-shaped groove 30 into the discharge channel.

[0051] If the test result is a qualified product, it is pushed into the qualified discharge channel 5 and finally discharged from the qualified discharge port 4 into the finished product collection area.

[0052] If the test result is a defective product, it is pushed into the defective product discharge channel 6 and finally discharged from the defective product discharge port 3 into the defective product collection area.

[0053] After unloading is completed, the first cylinder 24 automatically extends and resets, pushing the plate 25 back to its initial position. The disc 11 continues to rotate, and the empty rotating assembly returns to the loading station, ready to receive the next ship nut to be inspected. This cycle repeats continuously, achieving continuous, high-speed, and fully automated inspection of ship nuts.

[0054] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visual inspection device for ship nuts, characterized in that, include: A workbench (1) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the workbench (1), and a disc (11) is fixedly connected to the disc (18). The side of the disc (11) is provided with multiple rotating components, and the upper end of the workbench (1) is provided with a vision inspection component. The rotating assembly includes an arc-shaped groove (30) on the outside of the disc (11). A connecting frame (34) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the disc (11). A vertical rod (33) is rotatably connected through the connecting frame (34). A circular block (35) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical rod (33). A placement groove (36) is provided at the upper end of the circular block (35). A fixed column (14) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the worktable (1). An arc-shaped rack (15) is fixedly connected to the fixed column (14). A gear (16) that meshes with the arc-shaped rack (15) is installed on the vertical rod (33). During the rotation of the disc (11), when the gear (16) meshes with the arc-shaped rack (15), the circular block (35) and the ship nut are rotated by the gear (16), so that the visual inspection assembly can perform a comprehensive inspection of the side of the ship nut.

2. The visual inspection equipment for ship nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the placement slots (36) has a locking component at its inner bottom. The locking component is used to connect the circular block (35) to the product so that the circular block (35) can stably drive the product to rotate. The locking component includes a moving slot (38) set at the inner bottom of the placement slot (36). An upper moving block (37) is slidably connected in the moving slot (38). The upper moving block (37) is elastically connected to the inner bottom of the moving slot (38) by a first spring (39). The upper moving block (37) has horizontal slots (40) on both the left and right sides. A wedge block (41) is slidably connected in each of the two horizontal slots (40). The two wedge blocks (41) are elastically connected to the inner wall of the corresponding horizontal slot (40) by a second spring (42).

3. The visual inspection equipment for ship nuts according to claim 2, characterized in that: An arc-shaped magnetic strip (17) is fixedly connected to the fixed column (14). The arc-shaped magnetic strip (17) is located below the disk (11) and corresponds to the position of the arc-shaped rack (15). Each of the upper moving blocks (37) is made of magnetic material. The arc-shaped magnetic strip (17) and the adjacent sides of the upper moving block (37) are like-particles and repel each other. In the initial state, the upper surface of the upper moving block (37) is flush with the inner bottom of the placement groove (36). Multiple wedge blocks (41) are located in the transverse groove (40) and the second spring (42) is in a compressed state. When the upper moving block (37) approaches the arc-shaped magnetic strip (17), under the action of magnetic repulsion, the upper moving block (37) moves upward and enters the ship nut, releasing the obstruction of the wedge blocks (41). Under the elastic action of the second spring (42), the two wedge blocks (41) move in opposite directions and abut against the inner wall of the ship nut.

4. The visual inspection equipment for ship nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the workbench (1) is fixedly connected to a support column (9), and the upper ends of multiple support columns (9) are fixedly connected to a top plate (10). The visual inspection component includes a supplementary light (21) installed on the top of the top plate (10). The upper end of the workbench (1) is fixedly connected to a fixing frame (12), and a camera (13) is installed on the fixing frame (12). The camera (13) is used to inspect the strip hole on the side of the ship nut.

5. The visual inspection equipment for ship nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the workbench (1) is fixedly connected to two fixed frames (7). The upper end of the fixed frame (7) is equipped with a feeding rail (8). The feeding rail (8) is used to feed ship nuts. The upper end of the workbench (1) is fixedly connected to a qualified discharge channel (5) and a defective discharge channel (6). The side of the workbench (1) is provided with a qualified discharge port (4) and a defective discharge port (3). The qualified discharge port (4) and the qualified discharge channel (5) are connected. The defective discharge channel (6) and the defective discharge port (3) are connected.

6. The visual inspection equipment for ship nuts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper ends of the qualified discharge channel (5) and the defective discharge channel (6) are provided with unloading components. The unloading components include two slide rails (22) installed on the upper end of the qualified discharge channel (5) or the defective discharge channel (6). A strip block (23) is slidably connected on both slide rails (22). A push plate (25) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the strip block (23). A first cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the qualified discharge channel (5) or the defective discharge channel (6). The telescopic end of the first cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to the strip block (23).

7. The visual inspection equipment for ship nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the disc (11) is equipped with multiple clamping components, and the positions of the multiple clamping components correspond one-to-one with the arc-shaped groove (30). The clamping components are used to clamp the end of the ship nut. The clamping components include two mounting brackets (27). The upper ends of the two mounting brackets (27) are fixedly connected to a second cylinder (28). The two second cylinders (28) are arranged opposite to each other. The telescopic ends of the two second cylinders (28) are fixedly connected to arc-shaped clamping blocks (29). The shape of the two arc-shaped clamping blocks (29) is adapted to the end of the ship nut. The upper ends of the two second cylinders (28) are equipped with photoelectric sensors. The photoelectric sensors are used to detect whether there is material in the arc-shaped groove.

8. The visual inspection equipment for ship nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (1) is provided with an installation chamber (2), and the lower end of the rotating rod (18) extends into the installation chamber (2). A servo motor (19) is installed in the installation chamber (2), and bevel gears (20) meshing with each other are installed on the servo motor (19) and the rotating rod (18).

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