A pipe section type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection

Abstract

The application discloses a pipe section type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection, which comprises a first pipeline, a mounting platform, a microwave detection plate, a microprocessor, a signal generator, a power divider and a demodulator; the mounting platform comprises a mounting block fixedly connected to the first pipeline and a protective cover, the mounting block is at least partially located in the first pipeline, and the protective cover is fixedly connected with the mounting block; the microwave detection plate is arranged inside the first pipeline and parallel to the axial direction of the first pipeline, is arranged between the mounting block and the protective cover, and is filled with a buffer between the microwave detection plate and the mounting block and the protective cover. The application significantly improves the vibration resistance, pressure resistance and thermal expansion adaptability through the innovative buffer filling structure and the microwave detection plate surface micro-groove and via design. The buffer is filled between the detection plate and the fixed structure, can absorb pipeline vibration and prevent crude oil from seeping in, and can dynamically flow when the gap changes due to high temperature and high pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of crude oil pipeline water content analyzers, and in particular to a segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection. Background Technology

[0002] Pipeline-type crude oil water content analyzers are used for online measurement of the water content of crude oil in pipelines and are important metering equipment in oilfield gathering, transportation, refining, and other processes. Analyzers based on microwave detection principles calculate water content by measuring the phase change or amplitude attenuation of microwave signals after they pass through an oil-water mixture. They offer advantages such as non-contact operation, fast response, and immunity to oil contamination.

[0003] In related technologies, such as Chinese utility model patent publication number CN223449864U, a pipeline-type water content analyzer is disclosed. This analyzer coats the surface of the sensing electrodes with an insulating coating to reduce charge accumulation and dielectric loss on the electrode surface, thereby stabilizing the dielectric constant and improving measurement sensitivity. However, this approach has the following shortcomings: The insulating coating is a rigid, thin layer that cannot absorb the mechanical vibrations generated during crude oil transportation. Under long-term vibration and impact, the coating is prone to cracking and peeling, leading to electrode short circuits or measurement failure.

[0004] The wide temperature range of crude oil pipelines and the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the coating and the substrate materials may cause the coating to detach or develop microcracks, forming air gaps and affecting the stable transmission of microwave signals.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection, in order to solve the problem of accurate measurement of microwave detection plates under high temperature and high pressure measurement environment.

[0007] The technical solution of the tube-section crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection provided in this application is as follows: A segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection includes a first pipeline for connecting a measuring pipeline; an installation platform including a mounting block and a protective cover fixedly connected to the first pipeline, the mounting block being at least partially located inside the first pipeline, and the protective cover being fixedly connected to the mounting block; and a microwave detection plate disposed inside the first pipeline and arranged parallel to the axis of the first pipeline, the microwave detection plate being disposed between the mounting block and the protective cover, and a buffer material being filled between the microwave detection plate, the mounting block, and the protective cover.

[0008] By adopting the above solution, the buffer material is filled between the microwave detection plate and the mounting structures on both sides, serving both a fixing and supporting function, absorbing pipeline vibration, compensating for differences in thermal expansion, and preventing crude oil from seeping into the gaps in the detection plate. Compared with the rigid coatings of the prior art, the buffer material of this application has the characteristics of large thickness, compressibility, and flowability, fundamentally solving the problem of structural failure caused by vibration.

[0009] Preferably, the microwave detection board includes a substrate, and a copper circuit is provided on the surface of the substrate. The copper circuit forms a raised structure with a height of 0.03mm to 0.08mm on the surface of the substrate, and a microgroove is formed between adjacent raised structures.

[0010] By adopting the above solution, when the gap between the mounting block and the protective cover is compressed due to high temperature and pressure, the buffer material is squeezed, and some of the buffer material flows from the main gap area into the microgroove instead of being squeezed out of the edge of the probe plate. The microgroove acts as an "oil reservoir" or "pressure relief groove," preventing the formation of air gaps due to the buffer material being squeezed out.

[0011] When the temperature decreases or the pressure decreases and the gap is restored, the buffer material stored in the micro-groove flows back to the main gap area under the action of capillary action or rebound force, and always maintains a continuous filling state.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the microwave detection board is provided with a plurality of vias, which are through holes that penetrate the substrate and the copper circuit. The diameter of the vias is 0.2mm to 0.5mm, and the buffer fills the microgroove and the interior of the vias.

[0013] By adopting the above solution, when the protective cover is subjected to pressure, the buffer material will flow to the other side through the through hole, which increases the pressure between the microwave detection board and the mounting block, effectively buffering the gap changes on both sides of the microwave detection board.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the protective cover is 0.1mm to 0.8mm.

[0015] By adopting the above scheme, when the thickness of the protective cover exceeds 0.8mm, the phase and amplitude difference will become smaller, resulting in a larger measurement error; when the thickness of the protective cover is less than 0.1mm, firstly, the actual processing cannot be realized, and the pressure resistance is insufficient.

[0016] Preferably, the microwave detection board is connected to a temperature sensor.

[0017] By adopting the above scheme, the temperature sensor transmits the detected temperature data to the microprocessor for temperature compensation calculation, correcting the measurement error caused by the change in dielectric constant of the medium due to temperature changes.

[0018] Preferably, the distance 'a' between the surface of the protective cover and the inner wall of the first pipe on the opposite side is 'a', and the inner diameter of the first pipe is 'd', where 0.8d <= a <= 0.95d.

[0019] By adopting the above scheme, when 'a' is too small and the gap is too narrow, the Venturi effect will cause a sharp increase in flow velocity and a sudden drop in pressure under the impact of high-speed fluid. This can easily lead to the precipitation of bubbles in crude oil or the vaporization of light components, and the bubbles have a significant impact on microwaves. When 'a' is too large, the microwave signal emitted from the detector plate will diverge and attenuate in an excessively large pipe space, and may even cause complex multiple reflections after hitting the pipe wall, before being transmitted back to the receiving end.

[0020] Preferably, the first pipe sidewall is provided with an opening, the mounting block is provided with a first step and a second step, the first step is provided with a first fixing frame, the opening abuts against the first step, and the first step, the opening and the first fixing frame are fixedly connected. The second step is provided with a second fixing frame, and the protective cover is fixedly connected to the mounting block through the second fixing frame.

[0021] By adopting the above scheme, the opening of the first pipe is aligned and abutted against the first step of the mounting block and locked and fixed by the first fixing frame, resulting in accurate assembly positioning, good sealing and firm connection; at the same time, the second step is used in conjunction with the second fixing frame to realize the quick disassembly and assembly of the protective cover. The structure has a reasonable layered layout, is easy to assemble, has strong overall structural stability, and can also play an effective protective role for internal components.

[0022] Preferably, it also includes a microprocessor, a signal generator, a power divider, and a demodulator; The signal generator is used to generate multi-frequency microwave signals; The power divider has its input terminal connected to the signal generator, its first output terminal connected to the transmitter of the microwave detector board, and its second output terminal connected to the reference input terminal of the demodulator. The demodulator has its signal input terminal connected to the receiving terminal of the microwave detection board, and its output terminal connected to the microprocessor. A microprocessor is used to control the signal generator and process the signal output by the demodulator to calculate the water content of crude oil.

[0023] By adopting the above scheme, the signal generator outputs a multi-frequency microwave signal, which is split into two paths by a power divider. One path is sent to the microwave detection board for microwave transmission detection, and the other path is used as a reference signal input to the demodulator. The demodulator demodulates the echo signal received by the microwave detection board and the reference signal, and transmits the processed signal to the microprocessor. The microprocessor synchronously controls the signal generator to work and performs calculations and analysis on the demodulated signal, thereby accurately calculating the water content of crude oil.

[0024] Preferably, the buffer is one or more of insulating sealing grease, lubricating grease, or damping grease.

[0025] By adopting the above solution and selecting insulating grease-based materials as buffers, the system combines insulation and sealing, cushioning and shock absorption, and lubrication and protection. The materials are highly adaptable and can prevent leakage, wear and structural impact between electrical components. At the same time, it can also prevent dust and moisture, seal gaps, and improve the operational stability and service life of the device.

[0026] Preferably, it further includes a turbulence structure disposed at the upstream end of the first pipeline; the turbulence structure includes a second flange that is connected to the first flange at the upstream end of the first pipeline, and a cylinder fixed to the second flange; the cylinder is a cylinder that is closed at one end and connected to the second flange at the other end, and has a plurality of annularly distributed through holes with a diameter of not less than 10 mm on its cylinder wall.

[0027] By adopting the above scheme, the oil-water two-phase fluid, which may have already separated upstream, rushes into the cylinder from the pipe section. Most of the fluid is forced to be ejected at high speed from the through-holes in the cylinder wall, forming multiple jets. These jets generate strong shearing, impact, and eddies with the fluid outside the cylinder; the crude oil, after being uniformly mixed by the turbulent structure, then enters the measurement area where the microwave detection plate is located. This effectively eliminates the water content measurement deviation caused by gravity stratification or flow velocity stratification, making the water content detected by the microwave detection plate closer to the true average water content in the pipeline, significantly improving the representativeness and stability of the measurement.

[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: Through an innovative buffer filling structure and a microgroove and via design on the surface of the microwave detector plate, the vibration resistance, pressure resistance, and thermal expansion adaptability are significantly improved. The buffer fills the space between the detector plate and the fixed structure, which can absorb pipeline vibration and prevent crude oil seepage, and can also flow dynamically when the gap changes due to high temperature and high pressure. The microgrooves store the squeezed buffer when under pressure, and the vias allow it to flow in both directions. After the pressure is released, the buffer backfills the main gap, avoiding the formation of air gaps that would cause microwave signal distortion. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system in this application; Figure 3 This application Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the microwave detection board in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 5 This application Figure 3Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. First pipe; 11. First flange; 12. Opening; 2. Microwave detection plate; 21. First protrusion; 22. Second protrusion; 23. Third protrusion; 24. First filling area; 25. Second filling area; 26. Copper circuit; 261. Microgroove; 27. Through hole; 3. Mounting platform; 31. Mounting block; 311. First step; 312. Second step; 313. Platform surface; 32. Protective cover; 321. First groove; 322. Second groove; 323. Third groove; 33. First fixing frame; 34. Second fixing frame; 4. First housing; 5. Circuit board; 6. Second flange; 61. Cylinder; 62. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0032] This application discloses a segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection.

[0033] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection includes a first pipeline 1, a mounting platform 3, a microwave detection board 2, a microprocessor, a signal generator, a power divider, and a demodulator. The mounting platform 3 is disposed on the side wall of the first pipeline 1, and the microwave detection board 2 is disposed on the mounting platform 3, arranged parallel to the axis of the first pipeline 1. A first housing 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting platform 3. The microprocessor, signal generator, power divider, and demodulator are integrated into a circuit board 5 and disposed within the first housing 4. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the demodulator and the signal transmitter. The output of the signal generator is connected to the power divider. One end of the power divider is connected to the demodulator, and the other end is connected to the microwave detection board 2.

[0034] The measurement method includes the following steps: Step S1: The microprocessor controls the signal generator to generate a high-frequency signal; Step S2: The high-frequency signal is split into two identical output signals by a power divider; the first output of the power divider is directly connected to the local oscillator signal input of the demodulator with phase detection function as a reference signal; the second output of the power divider is connected to the microwave detection board 2 as a measurement signal. Step S3: The measurement signal is transmitted via microwave detector 2 and received by the receiver after passing through the crude oil medium being measured. Due to the different water content in the crude oil, the measurement signal will experience a certain amplitude attenuation and phase shift relative to the reference signal, i.e., an amplitude difference and a phase difference are formed.

[0035] Step S4: The received measurement signal is input to the signal input terminal of the demodulator. The demodulator performs phase and amplitude discrimination processing on the reference signal and the measurement signal, and outputs a first voltage signal corresponding to the phase difference and a second voltage signal corresponding to the amplitude difference.

[0036] Step S5: The first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are respectively input to the input terminal of the ADC unit, and after analog-to-digital conversion, they are converted into the first digital signal and the second digital signal.

[0037] Step S6: The microprocessor reads the first digital signal and the second digital signal, and calculates the water content of the measured medium according to the phase difference (or combined with the amplitude difference) using the built-in algorithm.

[0038] refer to Figure 1 The first pipe 1 has first flanges 11 at both ends and openings 12 on its sidewalls. The mounting platform 3 includes a mounting block 31 and a protective cover 32. The mounting block 31 has a first step 311, a second step 312, and a platform surface 313. The first step 311 has a first fixing frame 33 and abuts against the outer wall of the first pipe 1. The first fixing frame 33, the first step 311, and the opening 12 are fixedly connected by bolts. The second step 312 has a second fixing frame 34. The protective cover 32 covers the platform surface 313 and has a side platform located between the second step 312 and the second fixing frame 34. The second fixing frame 34 is connected to the second step 312 by bolts.

[0039] refer to Figures 3-4 The microwave detection plate 2 is disposed between the platform surface 313 and the protective cover 32. The microwave detection plate 2 includes a substrate. The thickness of the protective cover 32 is 0.1mm to 0.8mm. In this embodiment 1, the thickness of the protective cover 32 is 0.8mm. The protective cover 32 is made of a composite medium based on polytetrafluoroethylene resin or hydrocarbon resin. When the thickness is less than 0.1mm, the substrate is difficult to process, and its mechanical properties decrease significantly. When the thickness is greater than 0.8mm, the thermal response slows down, and the weight of temperature influence increases significantly.

[0040] refer to Figure 4A copper foil circuit 26 is provided on the substrate surface. The copper foil circuit 26 forms a raised structure with a height of 0.03mm to 0.08mm on the substrate surface, and microgrooves 261 are formed between adjacent raised structures. The copper foil circuit 26 refers to a conductive pattern formed on the substrate surface of the microwave detector board 2 by etching, deposition, or electroplating. Its material includes, but is not limited to, copper, copper alloy, or other metal layers with high conductivity. The thickness of the conductive pattern is 0.03mm to 0.08mm, which forms raised circuit traces on the substrate surface. The exposed substrate area between adjacent traces constitutes the microgrooves 261 structure. Copper foil with a thickness of less than 0.03mm has too small a raised height, and the height difference with the substrate surface is insufficient to form an effective microgrooves 261 space. When the copper foil thickness is greater than 0.08mm, although the DC resistance is reduced, the excessively thick copper foil will enhance the edge radiation effect, change the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line, and is not conducive to signal consistency.

[0041] refer to Figure 4 The microwave detection board 2 has several vias 27 on its surface. Each via 27 is a through-hole 62 penetrating the substrate and copper circuitry 26. The diameter of the via 27 is 0.2mm to 0.5mm. A buffer fills the microgrooves 261 and the interior of the vias 27. When the hole diameter is less than 0.2mm, laser drilling is required, significantly increasing manufacturing costs and reducing the yield of metallization of the through-holes 62. While holes larger than 0.5mm are easier to process, they occupy excessive wiring area.

[0042] The microwave detection plate 2 is filled with a buffer material on both sides. The buffer material is a non-flowing semi-solid used to fill the gap. It does not melt, leak, or volatilize. It does not leak under high pressure and is resistant to oil, gas, acids, and alkalis. The solid particles can form a dry lubricating film to prevent thread seizing and reduce loading and unloading torque. One application can last for several years. In Example 1, the buffer material is one or more of the following: sealing grease, lubricating grease, or damping grease. Specifically, it can be 7605-1 oil-resistant high-temperature sealing grease, 7405 high-temperature and high-pressure thread sealing grease, HG-332A high-temperature damping lubricating grease, TK400 acid and alkali resistant sealing grease, HG300 / 301 / 302 damping grease, etc.

[0043] When the protective cover 32 is subjected to external pressure, the gap between the protective cover 32 and the microwave detection plate 2 changes. Because the gap is filled with a buffer material, which can flow and deform under pressure, it maintains contact with both side walls and expels any air from the gap. This avoids changes in the equivalent dielectric constant caused by fluctuations in the air gap thickness due to gap changes, thereby reducing the impact on microwave measurement accuracy.

[0044] When the gap between the protective cover 32 and the microwave detector plate 2 decreases due to pressure fluctuations, excess buffer material is squeezed into the microgroove 261 for temporary storage, preventing a large amount of buffer material from being squeezed out from the edge of the detector plate and causing localized material shortages. When the gap increases again, the buffer material stored in the microgroove 261 flows back under the action of capillary force and elastic restoring force, always maintaining continuous filling of the main gap area.

[0045] When pressure fluctuations within the pipeline or external vibrations cause the protective cover 32 to be compressed, the gap between the protective cover 32 and the microwave detection plate 2 is compressed, and the pressure of the buffer material within this gap increases. Driven by the pressure difference, the buffer material on the high-pressure side flows to the low-pressure side through the through hole 27. The cross-plate flow of the buffer material makes the static pressure on both sides of the microwave detection plate 2 tend to be uniform, preventing the microwave detection plate 2 from bending deformation or displacement due to unilateral overpressure; the high-pressure side gap is allowed to be further compressed due to the outflow of the buffer material, while the low-pressure side gap is compensated and expanded due to the inflow of the buffer material, so that the changes in the size of the gaps on both sides cancel each other out, and the mid-plane of the microwave detection plate 2 in the pipeline remains basically unchanged; the viscous flow of the buffer material in the through hole 27 consumes the energy of the pressure impact, acting as a hydraulic damper, further buffering the impact of instantaneous pressure spikes on the detection plate.

[0046] refer to Figure 1 The distance 'a' between the surface of the protective cover 32 and the inner wall of the first pipe 1 on the opposite side, and the inner diameter 'd' of the first pipe 1, are given. The values ​​are 0.8d <= a <= 0.95d. When 'a' is less than 0.8d, the flow portion of the pipe is small, leading to pressure buildup. Actual measurements show that the pressure buildup only disappears when 'a' is not less than 0.8d. When 'a' is greater than 0.95d, the microwave signal emitted from the detector plate diffuses and attenuates within an excessively large pipe space, and may even experience complex multiple reflections after hitting the pipe wall, before returning to the receiving end, thus reducing measurement accuracy.

[0047] A temperature sensor is connected to the microwave detection plate 2. The temperature sensor can be one of a surface-mount thermistor, thermocouple, platinum resistance thermometer, or semiconductor temperature sensor. In this embodiment 1, the temperature sensor is attached to one side of the surface of the microwave detection plate 2, or it can be embedded inside the substrate of the microwave detection plate 2, or fixed to the edge of the detection plate with thermally conductive adhesive. Regardless of the method used, it is necessary to ensure good thermal contact between the temperature sensor and the crude oil being measured or the body of the microwave detection plate 2 to reflect the temperature of the measured medium in real time and accurately. The temperature sensor measures and acquires the temperature of the microwave detection plate 2. The temperature sensor signal is transmitted to the microprocessor for temperature compensation calculation to correct the measurement error caused by the change in dielectric constant of the medium due to temperature changes. Temperature compensation calculation is a commonly used technique in this field, for example, the temperature compensation technique described in CN212060025U, an oil-water content analyzer.

[0048] The implementation principle of a segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection in this application embodiment is as follows: During measurement, the crude oil to be measured flows through the first pipe 1. The microprocessor controls the signal generator to generate a high-frequency microwave signal, which is split into two paths by a power divider: one path is transmitted to the microwave detection board 2 as a measurement signal, and the other path is directly input to the demodulator as a reference signal.

[0049] The measurement signal is transmitted via microwave detector 2 and received after passing through the crude oil medium. Because the dielectric constant of crude oil varies with water content, the measurement signal experiences amplitude attenuation and phase shift relative to the reference signal. The demodulator performs phase and amplitude discrimination processing on the two signals, outputting voltage signals corresponding to the phase and amplitude differences. These signals are then converted from analog to digital and read by the microprocessor, which calculates the real-time water content of the crude oil using a built-in algorithm.

[0050] During measurement, the microwave probe plate 2 is clamped between the mounting block 31 and the protective cover 32. The paste-like buffer material filling both sides of the plate flows under pressure, filling the macroscopic gaps and the microgrooves 261 and through holes 27 on the probe plate surface, eliminating air gaps and forming mechanical anchoring. When pressure fluctuations cause gap changes, the buffer material is temporarily stored through the microgrooves 261 and flows between the two sides of the probe plate through the through holes 27, achieving pressure self-balancing and dimensional compensation, and maintaining the stability of the probe plate position.

[0051] Example 2, Reference Figure 5 The gaps on both sides of the microwave detector plate 2 are further defined. A first protrusion 21 is provided on the side of the microwave detector plate 2 facing the protective cover 32, and the first protrusion 21 encloses the edge of the microwave detector plate 2 to form a closed first filling area 24. A first groove 321 is provided on the inner side of the protective cover 32, the shape of which is adapted to the first protrusion 21. During assembly, the first protrusion 21 is embedded into the first groove 321 and abuts against it, forming a sealed boundary. The buffer material is confined within the filling area and cannot overflow outside the filling area.

[0052] On the other side of the microwave detection board 2, there is a second protrusion 22 and a third protrusion 23. The third protrusion 23 is located in the central area of ​​the microwave detection board 2 and is in the form of a closed ring (such as a circle, rectangle, or racetrack shape), enclosing a connection area. This connection area is used to accommodate the signal input / output interface of the microwave detection board 2. The signal lines of the power divider and demodulator are introduced from the outside of the first conduit 1, pass through the mounting block 31, and extend into this connection area, where they are electrically connected to the signal input and output terminals of the microwave detection board 2. Because the connection area is sealed by the third protrusion 23 and the third groove 323 on the mounting block 31, buffer materials cannot enter this area.

[0053] The second protrusion 22 is disposed on the edge region of the microwave detector plate 2, arranged circumferentially along the microwave detector plate 2, forming a closed annular boundary. The area between the second protrusion 22 and the third protrusion 23 constitutes the second filling area 25. This second filling area 25 is used to accommodate buffer material.

[0054] The patent publication numbers CN223449864U and CN216646328U are the disclosed prior art. The probe in both patents is a slender rod with an insulating coating on its surface. The insulating coating can reduce charge accumulation and dielectric loss on the electrode surface, thereby reducing the fluctuation of the dielectric constant.

[0055] However, since the detector is a slender rod, its signal receiving capability is limited, which can lead to signal instability. This application changes the detector structure, improving the existing rod shape to a long plate shape, which increases signal output and receiving capability and improves the stability of the inspection.

[0056] In the two existing patents, the insulating coating on the surface of the detector is directly exposed to the oil. Prolonged use causes the insulating coating to detach, leading to detector failure. This application, compared to the prior art, eliminates the traditional insulating coating and uses a protective cover 32 to isolate the microwave detector plate 2 from the oil, thus improving the lifespan of the detector.

[0057] However, under high temperature and pressure conditions, the protective cover 32 can actually have negative effects. The high pressure causes deformation of the protective cover 32, altering the gap between it and the microwave detector plate 2, leading to changes in the dielectric constant and thus measurement errors. In this application, the buffer material filling the first filling area 24 and the second filling area 25 achieves dynamic compensation for gap changes through the temporary storage function of the microgroove 261 and the cross-plate flow function of the through-hole 27. During compression, the buffer material is absorbed rather than extruded; during stretching, it is replenished rather than left empty. This ensures that the microwave detector plate 2 is always completely enveloped by the buffer material, and the equivalent dielectric constant does not change significantly due to the deformation of the protective cover, completely solving the technical problem of "adding a protective cover introducing measurement errors."

[0058] Example 3: During long-distance pipeline transportation of crude oil, localized oil-water stratification often occurs due to density differences between the oil and water phases, uneven flow velocity distribution, and undulating pipeline routes. Specifically, this includes gravity stratification, velocity stratification, and diversion stratification. These stratification phenomena lead to uneven water content distribution across the pipeline cross-section. To address the abnormal water content measurements caused by localized stratification...

[0059] refer to Figure 6The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a turbulent flow structure is provided at the upstream end of the first pipeline 1. The turbulent flow structure includes a second flange 6 that abuts against the first flange 11. The first flange 11 and the second flange 6 can be fixed by bolt connection. A sealing gasket is provided between the first flange 11 and the second flange 6.

[0060] The second flange 6 is provided with a cylindrical body 61, which is a cylindrical structure with one end open 12 and the other end closed. The inner wall of the cylindrical body 61 has several annularly distributed through holes 62. The through holes 62 penetrate the cylindrical wall, allowing crude oil to flow through. To prevent impurities such as sand and wax particles in the crude oil from clogging the flow and to generate sufficient turbulence, the diameter of the through holes 62 is not less than 10 mm. These through holes 62 can be evenly distributed along the circumference of the cylindrical body 61, forming one or more rings of through holes 62 array.

[0061] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A pipe section based water-in-crude oil analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection, characterized in that: include The first pipe (1) is used to connect the pipe to be measured; The installation platform (3) includes an installation block (31) and a protective cover (32) fixedly connected to the first pipe (1). The installation block (31) is at least partially located inside the first pipe (1), and the protective cover (32) is fixedly connected to the installation block (31). A microwave detection plate (2) is disposed inside the first pipe (1) and arranged parallel to the axis of the first pipe (1). The microwave detection plate (2) is disposed between the mounting block (31) and the protective cover (32), and a buffer is filled between the microwave detection plate (2), the mounting block (31), and the protective cover (32). The microwave detection board (2) includes a substrate, and a copper circuit (26) is provided on the surface of the substrate. The copper circuit (26) forms a protrusion structure with a protrusion height of 0.03mm to 0.08mm on the surface of the substrate, and a microgroove (261) is formed between adjacent protrusion structures. The surface of the microwave detection board (2) is provided with several vias (27). The vias (27) are through holes (62) that penetrate the substrate and the copper circuit (26). The diameter of the vias (27) is 0.2mm to 0.5mm. The buffer fills the micro groove (261) and the inside of the vias (27). The buffer is one or a mixture of insulating grease, lubricating grease or damping grease, and the buffer is flowable.

2. The multi-frequency microwave detection based pipe section crude oil water cut analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the protective cover (32) is 0.1mm to 0.8mm.

3. The multi-frequency microwave detection based pipe section crude oil water cut analyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The microwave detection board (2) is connected to a temperature sensor.

4. The segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance a between the surface of the protective cover (32) and the inner wall of the first pipe (1) on the opposite side, and the inner diameter d of the first pipe (1), is 0.8d <= a <= 0.95d.

5. The segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pipe (1) has an opening (12) on its side wall. The mounting block (31) has a first step (311) and a second step (312). The first step (311) has a first fixing frame (33). The opening (12) abuts against the first step (311). The first step (311), the opening (12), and the first fixing frame (33) are fixedly connected. The second step (312) is provided with a second fixing frame (34), and the protective cover (32) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (31) through the second fixing frame (34).

6. The segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It also includes microprocessors, signal generators, power dividers, and demodulators; The signal generator is used to generate multi-frequency microwave signals; The power divider has its input terminal connected to the signal generator, its first output terminal connected to the transmitter of the microwave detector board (2), and its second output terminal connected to the reference input terminal of the demodulator. The demodulator has its signal input end connected to the receiving end of the microwave detection board (2) and its output end connected to the microprocessor. A microprocessor is used to control the signal generator and process the signal output by the demodulator to calculate the water content of crude oil.

7. The segment-type crude oil water content analyzer based on multi-frequency microwave detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a turbulent structure disposed at the upstream end of the first pipe (1); the turbulent structure includes a second flange (6) that is connected to the first flange (11) at the upstream end of the first pipe (1), and a cylinder (61) fixed on the second flange (6); the cylinder (61) is a cylinder (61) that is closed at one end and connected to the second flange (6) at the other end, and has a plurality of annularly distributed through holes (62) with a diameter of not less than 10 mm on its cylinder wall.

Images