A multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit and device

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit and device, belonging to the field of electronic control. It includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a multi-input sub-circuit, a voltage detection sub-circuit, a switching optocoupler, a status indication sub-circuit, and a power supply interface. The multi-input sub-circuit collects several input voltages and outputs them to the voltage detection sub-circuit for detection. When all input voltages meet a preset voltage condition, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned on, causing the switching optocoupler to turn off and the status indication sub-circuit to issue a normal operation signal. When at least one input voltage does not meet the preset voltage condition, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned off, causing the switching optocoupler to turn on and issuing a fault indication signal to the status indication sub-circuit, thus completing the multi-channel voltage fault detection process. The circuit disclosed in this invention can improve the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit and optimize the status indication logic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic control, and in particular relates to a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit and device. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing integration of electronic devices, multi-channel power supply systems are widely used in industrial control, communication equipment, and aerospace. To ensure stable system operation, it is essential to monitor the status of each output voltage in real time. If any voltage anomaly occurs, a fault signal must be issued immediately for maintenance personnel to handle.

[0003] Current mainstream multi-channel voltage fault detection solutions mostly employ microcontroller (MCU) control combined with software. However, MCU solutions suffer from high costs, complex software development, and high maintenance costs. Especially in high-reliability systems such as aerospace and industrial control, MCUs may exhibit software defects during operation, reducing the overall reliability of the circuit fault detection system and placing higher technical demands on software developers. Secondly, in terms of circuit structure, to achieve comprehensive judgment of multiple voltages, existing technologies often require complex signal summarization circuits or multiple independent detection points, resulting in numerous circuit components and complex wiring. This not only increases production costs but also reduces the overall reliability of the system due to the increased number of components. Furthermore, in terms of indication logic, traditional multi-channel voltage detection systems show indicator lights off during normal operation and illuminate when an output is abnormal. This fault indicator lighting logic contradicts the common perception that the lights illuminate immediately upon power-on, hindering maintenance personnel from intuitively and quickly judging the system status and increasing the risk of misjudgment. Therefore, existing multi-channel voltage fault detection circuits suffer from low circuit structure reliability and unintuitive status indication logic. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit and device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, improve the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit, and optimize the status indication logic.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this invention provides a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit, comprising a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a multi-channel input sub-circuit, a voltage detection sub-circuit, a switching optocoupler, a status indication sub-circuit, and a power supply interface; wherein: The input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the multiple input sub-circuit; The output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switch optocoupler, and is also electrically connected to one end of the second resistor; The output terminal of the switch optocoupler is electrically connected to the input terminal of the status indicator sub-circuit, and is also electrically connected to one end of the third resistor; The multiple input sub-circuit is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor; The power supply interface is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor, the other end of the second resistor, and the other end of the third resistor. The multi-input sub-circuit is used to acquire several input voltages and output the input voltages to the voltage detection sub-circuit for detection. When all input voltages meet the preset voltage conditions, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned on to turn off the switching optocoupler, and the status indication sub-circuit sends a normal operation signal. When at least one input voltage does not meet the preset voltage condition, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned off to turn on the switch optocoupler and sends a fault indication signal to the status indication sub-circuit to complete the multi-channel voltage fault detection process.

[0006] In the above scheme, several input voltages are collected and output to the voltage detection subcircuit for voltage detection. The on / off state of the voltage detection subcircuit controls the on / off state of the optocoupler, thereby realizing the detection of the output voltage of multiple loops. This pure hardware circuit avoids the low reliability problem of relying on microcontroller software in the prior art, thus improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit. When the output voltage of all loops meets the preset voltage conditions, the status indication subcircuit outputs a normal operation signal. When the output voltage of one loop does not meet the preset voltage conditions, the status indication subcircuit issues a fault indication signal to indicate a voltage fault, thereby optimizing the status indication logic.

[0007] Furthermore, the voltage detection sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a fourth resistor, and a first capacitor; wherein: the base of the first transistor serves as the input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit, is electrically connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and is also electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor; the collector of the first transistor serves as the output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit; the emitter of the first transistor is grounded; the other end of the fourth resistor is grounded; and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0008] It should be noted that when all input voltages meet the preset voltage conditions, the base of the first transistor is turned on, that is, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned on. The collector and emitter of the first transistor are turned on to form a CE voltage drop, which increases the voltage drop of the second resistor, making the switch optocoupler unable to reach the turn-on threshold. Therefore, the switch optocoupler is turned off.

[0009] In the above scheme, the input voltage status collected by the multi-input sub-circuit is input to the base of the first transistor through the specific connection relationship of the first transistor, the fourth resistor and the first capacitor. This hardware circuit design controls the opening or closing of the optocoupler by the switching on and off of the transistor, and uses analog circuits to ensure the stability of the voltage detection process, avoiding voltage detection failure caused by unstable software operation, thereby ensuring that the status indication sub-circuit can accurately issue normal operation signals or fault indication signals, and improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-input sub-circuit includes several voltage acquisition optocouplers, each of which includes a pre-stage and a post-stage; wherein: the pre-stage of each voltage acquisition optocoupler is electrically connected to an external power supply circuit for acquiring several corresponding input voltages from the external power supply circuit; the post-stages of each voltage acquisition optocoupler are connected in series to form an acquisition branch; one end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to the base of the first transistor.

[0011] It should be noted that the voltage acquisition optocoupler can be a TLP291. The acquisition branch can only be activated when all voltage acquisition optocouplers are conducting.

[0012] In the above scheme, several voltage acquisition optocouplers are connected in series to form an acquisition branch. When any of the external power supply circuits is abnormal, the acquisition branch is cut off, causing the base of the first transistor to be non-conductive, thereby cutting off the voltage detection sub-circuit. This simulates the circuit to trigger changes in the state of subsequent circuits. This purely hardware-based multi-channel acquisition structure further avoids detection errors caused by software defects, ensuring that the voltage detection sub-circuit can accurately determine the input voltage state, thereby improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, when all preset power supply circuits are powered normally, the acquisition branch is turned on, causing the first transistor to turn on, thereby turning on the voltage detection sub-circuit.

[0014] Furthermore, when at least one preset power supply circuit fails to supply power normally, the acquisition branch is cut off, causing the first transistor to be cut off, thereby cutting off the voltage detection sub-circuit.

[0015] It should be noted that when all external power supply circuits are functioning normally, the front stage of any voltage acquisition optocoupler receives sufficient drive current, causing all the rear stages of the optocouplers to conduct. This, in turn, turns on the acquisition branch and provides current to the base of the first transistor, causing the first transistor to conduct, ultimately achieving the conduction state of the voltage detection sub-circuit. When any external power supply circuit fails to function normally, the rear stage of the corresponding voltage acquisition optocoupler is cut off. Since the rear stages of the optocouplers are connected in series, the entire acquisition branch is cut off, and there is no current input to the base of the first transistor, causing the first transistor to cut off, ultimately achieving the cut-off state of the voltage detection sub-circuit.

[0016] In the above scheme, by utilizing the interconnected characteristics of the optocoupler's subsequent stages, a logical judgment of overall shutdown is achieved when a single fault occurs. The state of all preset power supply circuits is directly converted into the conduction or cutoff signal of the first transistor. When at least one preset power supply circuit is abnormal, the driving current of the first transistor can be cut off immediately, thereby triggering the subsequent circuit state change. This purely hardware fault response mechanism further avoids detection delays or failures caused by software defects, ensuring that the voltage detection sub-circuit can accurately determine the input voltage state, thereby improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit.

[0017] Furthermore, the status indicator sub-circuit includes a second capacitor and an LED, wherein: one end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the LED, and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the switch optocoupler, and is electrically connected to one end of the third resistor; the other end of the second capacitor is grounded; and the negative terminal of the LED is grounded.

[0018] In the above scheme, the on / off state of the LED directly reflects the input voltage status collected by the multi-input sub-circuit. When all input voltages are normal, the optocoupler is cut off and the LED lights up; when at least one input voltage is abnormal, the optocoupler is turned on and the LED turns off. This "normal on, fault off" indication method conforms to the daily cognitive habit of maintenance personnel that the LED lights up as soon as it is powered on, making the status indication more intuitive. At the same time, with the cooperation of the second capacitor, the signal output of the status indication sub-circuit is further stabilized, avoiding false indications. Combined with the pure hardware circuit design, the technical effect of improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit and making the status indication more intuitive is finally achieved.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a switching optocoupler control sub-circuit, which includes a second transistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a third capacitor, wherein: one end of the fifth resistor serves as the input terminal of the switching optocoupler control sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the power supply interface; the other end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor, and is also electrically connected to one end of the sixth resistor and one end of the third capacitor; the collector of the second transistor is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switching optocoupler; the emitter of the second transistor is grounded; the other end of the sixth resistor is grounded; and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded.

[0020] In the above scheme, the switching optocoupler control sub-circuit, composed of the second transistor, the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, and the third capacitor, can provide a stable drive signal to the input terminal of the switching optocoupler. The capacitor's characteristics are used to delay the operation and prevent malfunctions caused by voltage fluctuations. This hardware delay mechanism further avoids detection errors caused by instantaneous interference, ensuring that the switching optocoupler can accurately respond to the state of the voltage detection sub-circuit, thereby improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a multi-channel voltage fault detection device, comprising a housing, a DC power interface disposed on the housing, a plurality of input interfaces, and a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit disposed inside the housing; the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a multi-channel input sub-circuit, a voltage detection sub-circuit, a switching optocoupler, a status indication sub-circuit, and a power supply interface; wherein: the DC power interface is electrically connected to the power supply interface; the input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the multi-channel input sub-circuit; the output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switching optocoupler and to one end of the second resistor; the output terminal of the switching optocoupler is electrically connected to the input terminal of the status indication sub-circuit and to one end of the third resistor; the multi-channel input... The sub-circuit is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor; the power supply interface is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor, the other end of the second resistor, and the other end of the third resistor; wherein, the input terminal of the multi-input sub-circuit is electrically connected to several input interfaces for acquiring several input voltages and outputting the input voltages to the voltage detection sub-circuit, so that the voltage detection sub-circuit can perform detection: when all input voltages meet the preset voltage conditions, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned on to turn off the optocoupler, and the status indication sub-circuit sends a normal operation signal; when at least one input voltage does not meet the preset voltage conditions, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned off to turn on the optocoupler and sends a fault indication signal to the status indication sub-circuit to complete the multi-channel voltage fault detection process.

[0022] Furthermore, the voltage detection sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a fourth resistor, and a first capacitor; wherein: the base of the first transistor serves as the input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit, is electrically connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and is also electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor; the collector of the first transistor serves as the output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit; the emitter of the first transistor is grounded; the other end of the fourth resistor is grounded; and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0023] Furthermore, the multi-input sub-circuit includes several voltage acquisition optocouplers, each of which includes a pre-stage and a post-stage; wherein: the pre-stage of any voltage acquisition optocoupler is electrically connected to the input interface, the input interface is electrically connected to an external power supply circuit, and the voltage acquisition optocoupler is used to acquire several corresponding input voltages from the external power supply circuit; the post-stages of any voltage acquisition optocoupler are connected in series to form an acquisition branch; one end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to the base of the first transistor.

[0024] In the above solution, by integrating the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit inside the housing and providing connection interfaces for external connections using DC power and input interfaces, the modularity and integration of the detection equipment are achieved, enhancing the circuit's anti-interference capability. Simultaneously, through the detection logic of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit, the status indicator subcircuit issues a normal operation signal when all input voltages are normal, and issues a fault warning signal when at least one input voltage is abnormal, forming a normal indicator light on and a fault indicator light off, conforming to the daily cognitive habits of maintenance personnel and making the status indication more intuitive. Combined with the specific hardware structure of the voltage detection subcircuit, detection errors caused by software defects are further avoided, ensuring that the switching optocoupler can accurately respond to voltage states, ultimately achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit and making the status indication more intuitive. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a switch optocoupler control sub-circuit, a switch optocoupler, and a status indicator sub-circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a multi-channel voltage fault detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Among them: 1. First resistor; 2. Second resistor; 3. Third resistor; 4. Multiple input sub-circuit; 5. Voltage detection sub-circuit; 6. Switch optocoupler; 7. Status indicator sub-circuit; 8. Power supply interface. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0027] The following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further detailed explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this invention is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit provided in the first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention. The circuit includes a first resistor 1, a second resistor 2, a third resistor 3, a multi-channel input sub-circuit 4, a voltage detection sub-circuit 5, a switching optocoupler 6, a status indication sub-circuit 7, and a power supply interface 8; wherein: The input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the multiple input sub-circuit; The output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switch optocoupler, and is also electrically connected to one end of the second resistor; The output terminal of the switch optocoupler is electrically connected to the input terminal of the status indicator sub-circuit, and is also electrically connected to one end of the third resistor; The multiple input sub-circuit is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor; The power supply interface is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor, the other end of the second resistor, and the other end of the third resistor. The multi-input sub-circuit is used to acquire several input voltages and output the input voltages to the voltage detection sub-circuit for detection. When all input voltages meet the preset voltage conditions, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned on to turn off the switching optocoupler, and the status indication sub-circuit sends a normal operation signal. When at least one input voltage does not meet the preset voltage condition, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned off to turn on the switch optocoupler and sends a fault indication signal to the status indication sub-circuit to complete the multi-channel voltage fault detection process.

[0029] In this embodiment, several input voltages are collected and output to the voltage detection subcircuit for voltage detection. The on / off state of the voltage detection subcircuit controls the switching of the optocoupler, enabling the detection of output voltages from multiple circuits. This hardware-based circuit avoids the low reliability issues inherent in existing microcontroller-based circuits, thereby improving the reliability of multi-channel voltage fault detection circuits. When the output voltages of all circuits meet the preset voltage conditions, the status indication subcircuit outputs a normal operation signal. When the output voltage of one circuit fails to meet the preset voltage conditions, the status indication subcircuit issues a fault indication signal to indicate a voltage fault, thus optimizing the status indication logic.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the voltage detection sub-circuit includes a first transistor Q1, a fourth resistor R4, and a first capacitor C1; wherein: the base of the first transistor serves as the input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit, is electrically connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and is also electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor; the collector of the first transistor serves as the output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit; the emitter of the first transistor is grounded; the other end of the fourth resistor is grounded; and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0031] It should be noted that when all input voltages meet the preset voltage conditions, the base of the first transistor Q1 is turned on, that is, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned on. The collector and emitter of the first transistor Q1 are turned on to form a CE voltage drop, which increases the voltage drop of the second resistor, making the switch optocoupler unable to reach the turn-on threshold. Therefore, the switch optocoupler is turned off.

[0032] In this embodiment, the input voltage status collected by the multi-channel input sub-circuit is input to the base of the first transistor through the specific connection relationship of the first transistor, the fourth resistor, and the first capacitor. This hardware circuit design controls the opening or closing of the optocoupler by switching the transistor on and off, and uses analog circuits to ensure the stability of the voltage detection process, avoiding voltage detection failure caused by unstable software operation. This ensures that the status indication sub-circuit can accurately issue normal operation signals or fault indication signals, and improves the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit.

[0033] Furthermore, the multi-input sub-circuit includes several voltage acquisition optocouplers, each of which includes a pre-stage and a post-stage; wherein: the pre-stage of each voltage acquisition optocoupler is electrically connected to an external power supply circuit for acquiring several corresponding input voltages from the external power supply circuit; the post-stages of each voltage acquisition optocoupler are connected in series to form an acquisition branch; one end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to the base of the first transistor.

[0034] It should be noted that the voltage acquisition optocoupler can be a TLP291. The acquisition branch can only be activated when all voltage acquisition optocouplers are conducting.

[0035] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a circuit diagram of a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit provided in this embodiment. The multi-channel input sub-circuit in this embodiment includes four voltage acquisition optocouplers U1, U2, U3, and U4. The front end of each voltage acquisition optocoupler is connected to an external power supply circuit. Therefore, the external power supply circuit provided in this embodiment includes four channels X1, X2, X3, and X4. The rear stages of the four voltage acquisition optocouplers are connected in series, forming an acquisition branch. One end K1+ is electrically connected to the first resistor R1, and the other end K1- is electrically connected to the base of the first transistor Q1.

[0036] In this embodiment, several voltage acquisition optocouplers are connected in series to form an acquisition branch. When any of the external power supply circuits is abnormal, the acquisition branch is cut off, causing the base of the first transistor to be non-conductive, thereby cutting off the voltage detection sub-circuit. This simulates the circuit triggering changes in the state of subsequent circuits. This purely hardware-based multi-channel acquisition structure further avoids detection errors caused by software defects, ensuring that the voltage detection sub-circuit can accurately determine the input voltage state, thereby improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit.

[0037] Furthermore, when all preset power supply circuits are powered normally, the acquisition branch is turned on, causing the first transistor to turn on, thereby turning on the voltage detection sub-circuit.

[0038] Furthermore, when at least one preset power supply circuit fails to supply power normally, the acquisition branch is cut off, causing the first transistor to be cut off, thereby cutting off the voltage detection sub-circuit.

[0039] It should be noted that when all external power supply circuits are functioning normally, the front stage of any voltage acquisition optocoupler receives sufficient drive current, causing all the rear stages of the optocouplers to conduct. This, in turn, turns on the acquisition branch and provides current to the base of the first transistor, causing the first transistor to conduct, ultimately achieving the conduction state of the voltage detection sub-circuit. When any external power supply circuit fails to function normally, the rear stage of the corresponding voltage acquisition optocoupler is cut off. Since the rear stages of the optocouplers are connected in series, the entire acquisition branch is cut off, and there is no current input to the base of the first transistor, causing the first transistor to cut off, ultimately achieving the cut-off state of the voltage detection sub-circuit.

[0040] In this embodiment, by utilizing the interconnected characteristics of the optocoupler's subsequent stages, a logical judgment is achieved that the entire circuit will be shut down if a single fault occurs. The state of all preset power supply circuits is directly converted into the conduction or cutoff signal of the first transistor. When at least one preset power supply circuit is abnormal, the driving current of the first transistor can be cut off immediately, thereby triggering a change in the state of subsequent circuits. This purely hardware-based fault response mechanism further avoids detection delays or failures caused by software defects, ensuring that the voltage detection sub-circuit can accurately determine the input voltage state, thereby improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the status indicator sub-circuit includes a second capacitor C2 and an LED, wherein: one end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the positive terminal LED+ of the LED, and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the switch optocoupler, and is electrically connected to one end of the third resistor R3; the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded; and the negative terminal LED- of the LED is grounded.

[0042] In this embodiment, the switching optocoupler U5 is turned on when the preceding stage voltage is greater than 1.1V. When the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned on, the collector voltage of the first transistor is pulled down to below 1V, causing the voltage drop across the second resistor R2 to increase, thus preventing the switching optocoupler from meeting the turn-on condition and turning it off. When the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned off, the voltage drop across the second resistor decreases, so the preceding stage voltage of the switching optocoupler will be greater than 1.1V, thus turning it on.

[0043] In this embodiment, the on / off state of the LED directly reflects the input voltage status collected by the multi-input sub-circuit. When all input voltages are normal, the optocoupler is cut off and the LED lights up; when at least one input voltage is abnormal, the optocoupler is turned on and the LED turns off. This "normal on, fault off" indication method conforms to the daily cognitive habit of maintenance personnel that the LED lights up as soon as it is powered on, making the status indication more intuitive. At the same time, with the cooperation of the second capacitor, the signal output of the status indication sub-circuit is further stabilized, avoiding false indications. Combined with the pure hardware circuit design, the technical effect of improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit and making the status indication more intuitive is finally achieved.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, it also includes a switching optocoupler control sub-circuit, which includes a second transistor Q2, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, and a third capacitor C3. One end of the fifth resistor R5 serves as the input terminal of the switching optocoupler control sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the power supply interface. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor Q2, and is also electrically connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6 and one end of the third capacitor C3. The collector of the second transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switching optocoupler U5. The emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded. The other end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded. The other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0045] In this embodiment, the switching optocoupler control sub-circuit, composed of the second transistor, the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, and the third capacitor, can provide a stable drive signal to the input terminal of the switching optocoupler. The capacitor's characteristics serve as a delay function to prevent malfunctions caused by voltage fluctuations. This hardware delay mechanism further avoids detection errors caused by transient interference, ensuring that the switching optocoupler can accurately respond to the state of the voltage detection sub-circuit, thereby improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit.

[0046] like Figure 4The second aspect of the present invention provides a multi-channel voltage fault detection device, including a housing, a DC power interface 9 disposed on the housing, a plurality of input interfaces 10, and a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit disposed inside the housing; the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit includes a first resistor 1, a second resistor 2, a third resistor 3, a multi-channel input sub-circuit 4, a voltage detection sub-circuit 5, a switching optocoupler 6, a status indication sub-circuit 7, and a power supply interface 8; wherein: the DC power interface 9 is electrically connected to the power supply interface 8; the input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit 5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the multi-channel input sub-circuit 4; the output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit 5 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switching optocoupler 6 and to one end of the second resistor 2; the output terminal of the switching optocoupler 6 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the status indication sub-circuit 7 and to one end of the third resistor 3. The circuit is connected as follows: the multi-channel input sub-circuit 4 is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor 1; the power supply interface 8 is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor 1, the other end of the second resistor 2, and the other end of the third resistor 3; wherein, the input terminal of the multi-channel input sub-circuit 4 is electrically connected to several input interfaces 10 for acquiring several input voltages and outputting the input voltages to the voltage detection sub-circuit, so that the voltage detection sub-circuit can perform detection: when all input voltages meet the preset voltage conditions, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned on to turn off the switch optocoupler, so that the status indication sub-circuit sends a normal operation signal; when at least one input voltage does not meet the preset voltage conditions, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned off to turn on the switch optocoupler and sends a fault indication signal to the status indication sub-circuit to complete the multi-channel voltage fault detection process.

[0047] Furthermore, the voltage detection sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a fourth resistor, and a first capacitor; wherein: the base of the first transistor serves as the input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit, is electrically connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and is also electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor; the collector of the first transistor serves as the output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit; the emitter of the first transistor is grounded; the other end of the fourth resistor is grounded; and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0048] Furthermore, the multi-input sub-circuit includes several voltage acquisition optocouplers, each of which includes a pre-stage and a post-stage; wherein: the pre-stage of any voltage acquisition optocoupler is electrically connected to the input interface, the input interface is electrically connected to an external power supply circuit, and the voltage acquisition optocoupler is used to acquire several corresponding input voltages from the external power supply circuit; the post-stages of any voltage acquisition optocoupler are connected in series to form an acquisition branch; one end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to the base of the first transistor.

[0049] In this embodiment, by integrating the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit inside the housing and providing connection interfaces for external connections using DC power interfaces and input interfaces, the modularity and integration of the detection equipment are achieved, enhancing the circuit's anti-interference capability. Simultaneously, through the detection logic of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit, the status indicator subcircuit issues a normal operation signal when all input voltages are normal, and issues a fault warning signal when at least one input voltage is abnormal, forming a normal indicator light on and a fault indicator light off, conforming to the daily cognitive habits of maintenance personnel and making the status indication more intuitive. Combined with the specific hardware structure of the voltage detection subcircuit, detection errors caused by software defects are further avoided, ensuring that the switching optocoupler can accurately respond to voltage states, ultimately achieving the technical effect of improving the reliability of the multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit and making the status indication more intuitive.

[0050] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit, characterized in that, It includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a multi-input sub-circuit, a voltage detection sub-circuit, a switching optocoupler, a status indication sub-circuit, and a power supply interface; wherein: The input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the multiple input sub-circuit; The output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switch optocoupler, and is also electrically connected to one end of the second resistor; The output terminal of the switch optocoupler is electrically connected to the input terminal of the status indicator sub-circuit, and is also electrically connected to one end of the third resistor; The multiple input sub-circuit is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor; The power supply interface is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor, the other end of the second resistor, and the other end of the third resistor. The multi-input sub-circuit is used to acquire several input voltages and output the input voltages to the voltage detection sub-circuit for detection. When all input voltages meet the preset voltage conditions, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned on to turn off the switching optocoupler, and the status indication sub-circuit sends a normal operation signal. When at least one input voltage does not meet the preset voltage condition, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned off to turn on the switch optocoupler and sends a fault indication signal to the status indication sub-circuit to complete the multi-channel voltage fault detection process.

2. The multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage detection sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a fourth resistor, and a first capacitor; wherein: The base of the first transistor serves as the input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit, is electrically connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and is also electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor. The collector of the first transistor serves as the output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit; The emitter of the first transistor is grounded; The other end of the fourth resistor is grounded; The other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

3. The multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-input sub-circuit includes several voltage acquisition optocouplers, each of which includes a pre-stage and a post-stage; wherein: The preamp of any of the voltage acquisition optocouplers is electrically connected to an external power supply circuit, and is used to acquire several corresponding input voltages from the external power supply circuit; The optocoupler outputs of any of the voltage acquisition optocouplers are connected in series to form an acquisition branch; One end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to the base of the first transistor.

4. The multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, When all preset power supply circuits are powered normally, the acquisition branch is turned on, which turns on the first transistor, thereby turning on the voltage detection sub-circuit.

5. A multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, When at least one preset power supply circuit fails to supply power normally, the acquisition branch is cut off, causing the first transistor to be cut off, thereby cutting off the voltage detection sub-circuit.

6. A multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status indicator sub-circuit includes a second capacitor and an LED, wherein: One end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the LED, and is also electrically connected to the output terminal of the switching optocoupler, and to one end of the third resistor; The other end of the second capacitor is grounded; The negative terminal of the LED is grounded.

7. A multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a switching optocoupler control sub-circuit, which comprises a second transistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a third capacitor, wherein: One end of the fifth resistor serves as the input terminal of the switch optocoupler control sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the power supply interface; The other end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor, and is electrically connected to one end of the sixth resistor and one end of the third capacitor; The collector of the second transistor is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switching optocoupler; The emitter of the second transistor is grounded; The other end of the sixth resistor is grounded; The other end of the third capacitor is grounded.

8. A multi-channel voltage fault detection device, characterized in that, The system includes a housing, a DC power interface mounted on the housing, several input interfaces, and a multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit disposed inside the housing. The multi-channel voltage fault detection circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a multi-input sub-circuit, a voltage detection sub-circuit, a switching optocoupler, a status indication sub-circuit, and a power supply interface. The DC power interface is electrically connected to the power supply interface; The input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the multiple input sub-circuit; The output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switch optocoupler, and is also electrically connected to one end of the second resistor; The output terminal of the switch optocoupler is electrically connected to the input terminal of the status indicator sub-circuit, and is also electrically connected to one end of the third resistor; The multiple input sub-circuit is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor; The power supply interface is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor, the other end of the second resistor, and the other end of the third resistor. The input terminal of the multi-input sub-circuit is electrically connected to several input interfaces for acquiring several input voltages and outputting the input voltages to the voltage detection sub-circuit for detection. When all input voltages meet the preset voltage conditions, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned on to turn off the switching optocoupler, and the status indication sub-circuit sends a normal operation signal. When at least one input voltage does not meet the preset voltage condition, the voltage detection sub-circuit is turned off to turn on the switch optocoupler and sends a fault indication signal to the status indication sub-circuit to complete the multi-channel voltage fault detection process.

9. A multi-channel voltage fault detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The voltage detection sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a fourth resistor, and a first capacitor; wherein: The base of the first transistor serves as the input terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit, is electrically connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and is also electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor. The collector of the first transistor serves as the output terminal of the voltage detection sub-circuit; The emitter of the first transistor is grounded; The other end of the fourth resistor is grounded; The other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

10. A multi-channel voltage fault detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The multi-input sub-circuit includes several voltage acquisition optocouplers, each of which includes a pre-stage and a post-stage; wherein: The front-end of any of the voltage acquisition optocouplers is electrically connected to the input interface, the input interface is electrically connected to an external power supply circuit, and the voltage acquisition optocoupler is used to acquire several corresponding input voltages from the external power supply circuit; The optocoupler outputs of any of the voltage acquisition optocouplers are connected in series to form an acquisition branch; One end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the acquisition branch is electrically connected to the base of the first transistor.

Images