A diagnostic system for a protective cover

Abstract

This invention discloses a diagnostic system for equipment protective covers. The system includes: a safety relay and at least one N-channel detection unit. The at least one N-channel detection unit is connected in series and connected to the safety relay. The N-channel detection units are installed at the edge of the protective cover. The at least one N-channel detection unit connected in series constitutes a protective detection group, which includes N switching channels, each with a first terminal contact and a second terminal contact. A diagnostic module has 2N signal terminals electrically connected to the 2N contacts of the protective detection group. The diagnostic module is used to determine the status of the N-channel detection units in the protective detection group based on the signals from the 2N contacts. The status of the N-channel detection units includes normal and faulty states. The diagnostic system provided by this invention is used for safety diagnostics of protective covers in equipment, eliminating the need for operators to check point by point, reducing equipment downtime, improving maintenance efficiency, and ultimately improving equipment operating efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of equipment testing technology, and in particular to a diagnostic system for equipment protective covers. Background Technology

[0002] The tobacco industry uses cigarette-making equipment, which operates at high speeds and is therefore equipped with multiple safety guards. These safety guards not only reduce noise and dust but also protect personnel from mechanical injuries.

[0003] When the safety guard is open, the cigarette-making equipment cannot start or operate, so it is necessary to locate the faulty guard within the equipment. Currently, this is mainly done by operators checking point by point, resulting in long downtime and low maintenance efficiency, thus affecting the overall efficiency of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a diagnostic system for equipment protective covers to solve the problem of low maintenance efficiency in cigarette manufacturing equipment.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a diagnostic system for a device protective cover is provided, comprising: A safety relay and at least one N-channel detection unit, wherein the at least one N-channel detection unit is connected in series and connected to the safety relay, the N-channel detection unit is installed at the edge of the protective cover, and the at least one N-channel detection unit connected in series constitutes a protective detection group, the protective detection group includes N switching channels, each switching channel having a first end contact and a second end contact, where N≥2; The diagnostic module has 2N signal terminals that are electrically connected to 2N contacts of the protection detection group. The diagnostic module is used to determine the status of the N-channel detection unit in the protection detection group based on the signals from the 2N contacts of the protection detection group. The status of the N-channel detection unit includes normal and fault.

[0006] This invention provides a diagnostic system for equipment protective covers, used for safety diagnostics of protective covers in equipment. This eliminates the need for operators to check each point individually, reducing equipment downtime, improving maintenance efficiency, and ultimately increasing equipment operating efficiency. Specifically, in the diagnostic system for equipment protective covers, at least one N-channel detection unit connected in series constitutes a protective detection group, which includes N switching channels. The diagnostic module's 2N signal terminals are electrically connected to the 2N contacts of the N switching channels in the protective detection group. The diagnostic module determines the status of the N-channel detection units in the protective detection group based on the signals from the 2N contacts. If a single N-channel detection unit constitutes the protective detection group, the diagnostic system can independently diagnose any single N-channel detection unit, thereby achieving accurate identification of the status of any N-channel detection unit and its protective cover within the equipment, facilitating precise fault location. If multiple N-channel detection units connected in series form a protective detection group, then the diagnostic system of the equipment protective cover can perform a unified diagnosis on multiple N-channel detection units, and then further refine the inspection until the faulty N-channel detection unit is found. This is beneficial because it eliminates the need for point-by-point troubleshooting during equipment maintenance, reduces equipment downtime, and improves maintenance efficiency.

[0007] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a diagnostic system for a device protective cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a diagnostic system for another equipment protective cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0010] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0011] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0012] Cigarette rolling equipment includes an automatic cigarette paper changer and the cigarette rolling machine. The automatic cigarette paper changer is designed to supply cigarette paper or tipping paper to the cigarette rolling machine, and its safe and stable operation directly affects the efficiency of the cigarette rolling machine. The automatic cigarette paper changer has a protective cover, and the condition of this cover affects its efficiency. The cigarette rolling machine itself also has a protective cover.

[0013] The safety switches of the protective covers in automatic cigarette paper changing machines mostly adopt dual-channel contact safety switches. Multiple safety switches for the protective covers of the automatic cigarette paper changing machine are connected in series. These safety switches and safety relays are connected in series in the same safety circuit. If any safety switch malfunctions or a protective cover opens, the entire safety circuit will alarm. Currently, the safety relays in the safety circuit can only report faults in the entire circuit and cannot accurately identify which specific protective cover or safety switch is malfunctioning. Furthermore, equipment maintenance requires point-by-point troubleshooting, resulting in long downtime and low maintenance efficiency. It is also prone to electrical interference, power crosstalk, and reverse fault effects on the safety circuit, which pose safety hazards and do not meet equipment safety standards.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a diagnostic system for a protective cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to diagnosing the protective covers of cigarette equipment. The diagnostic system can be implemented in hardware and / or software and can be configured in cigarette equipment. For example, a diagnostic system can be configured in an automatic paper changing machine of a cigarette machine, or in the cigarette machine itself, but it is not limited to cigarette machines. Any equipment with a protective cover falls within the protection scope of this invention. Figure 1As shown, the diagnostic system of the protective cover of the device includes: a safety relay 101 and at least one N-channel detection unit 102. The at least one N-channel detection unit 102 is connected in series and connected to the safety relay 101. The N-channel detection unit 102 is installed at the edge of the protective cover (not shown in the figure). The at least one N-channel detection unit 102 connected in series constitutes a protective detection group 120. The protective detection group 120 includes N switching channels, each with a first terminal contact and a second terminal contact, where N ≥ 2. A diagnostic module 103 is also included. The 2N signal terminals of the diagnostic module 103 are electrically connected to the 2N contacts of the protective detection group 120. The diagnostic module 103 is used to determine the status of the N-channel detection unit 102 in the protective detection group 120 based on the signals from the 2N contacts of the protective detection group 120. The status of the N-channel detection unit 102 includes normal and fault.

[0015] In this embodiment, the device includes at least one protective cover (not shown in the figure) and a diagnostic system. The protective cover reduces noise and dust, and prevents personnel from being mechanically injured. When the protective cover is open, the device cannot be started or operated. The diagnostic system includes a safety relay 101 and at least one N-channel detection unit 102. At least one N-channel detection unit 102 is installed at the edge of the protective cover. The N-channel detection unit 102 is electrically connected to the safety relay 101, where N ≥ 2. The N-channel detection unit 102 is a safety switch for the protective cover. When the protective cover is open, the N-channel detection unit 102 is in an open state; when the protective cover is closed, the N-channel detection unit 102 is in a closed state. The N-channel detection unit 102 can be used to characterize the state of the protective cover. An N-channel detection unit 102 in a closed state indicates that the protective cover is closed; an N-channel detection unit 102 in an open state indicates that the protective cover is open; and an N-channel detection unit 102 in a fault state indicates that there is a fault in the opening and closing of the protective cover.

[0016] In the case where the equipment includes one N-channel detection unit 102, the N-channel detection unit 102 is installed at the edge of the protective cover, and the N-channel detection unit 102 is connected in series with the safety relay 101. The series connection of the N-channel detection unit 102 and the safety relay 101 forms a safety loop. In the case where the equipment includes multiple protective covers, one or more N-channel detection units 102 are installed at the edge of the protective covers. The multiple protective covers of the equipment are connected in series, and the multiple N-channel detection units 102 of the corresponding diagnostic system are connected in series and connected to the safety relay 101. The series connection of the multiple N-channel detection units 102 and the safety relay 101 forms a safety loop.

[0017] by Figure 1For example, the diagnostic system includes five N-channel detection units 102. These five N-channel detection units 102 can be sequentially labeled as N-channel detection unit 102A, N-channel detection unit 102B, N-channel detection unit 102C, N-channel detection unit 102D, and N-channel detection unit 102E in series connection order. The five N-channel detection units 102A, N-channel detection unit 102B, N-channel detection unit 102C, N-channel detection unit 102D, and N-channel detection unit 102E are connected in series. The five N-channel detection units 102 are connected in series and connected to a safety relay 101. The series connection of the five N-channel detection units 102 and the safety relay 101 forms a safety circuit. It can be understood that the five N-channel detection units 102 can be installed at the edges of at least two protective covers.

[0018] In the diagnostic system, at least one N-channel detection unit 102 connected in series constitutes a protective detection group 120. This protective detection group 120 is not an actual structure, but rather a virtual detection group defined by relevant personnel based on product testing methods. (Reference) Figure 1 If the goal is to perform protective testing on a single N-channel detection unit 102A, then N-channel detection unit 102A can be considered as a protective testing group (labeled 120A). The diagnostic system performs status testing on protective testing group 120A, and the resulting test results characterize the N-channel detection unit 102A and its associated protective cover. Alternatively, if the goal is to perform protective testing on a unit group consisting of N-channel detection units 102C, 102D, and 102E connected in series, then these units can be considered as a protective testing group (labeled 120B). The diagnostic system performs status testing on protective testing group 120B, and the resulting test results characterize the unit group consisting of N-channel detection units 102C, 102D, and 102E and its associated protective cover. It is understood that relevant personnel can reasonably divide the protective testing groups according to the product testing requirements, and are not limited to this.

[0019] The diagnostic system of the equipment protective cover includes an N-channel detection unit 102 comprising N channels, sequentially defined as channel 1, channel 2, ..., channel N. Each channel of the N-channel detection unit 102 includes a first end contact and a second end contact. The first end contacts of the N channels of the N-channel detection unit 102 are located on the same side of the N-channel detection unit 102, and the second end contacts of the N channels are located on the same opposite side of the N-channel detection unit 102. That is, the first channel of the N-channel detection unit 102 includes a first end contact and a second end contact, the i-th channel of the N-channel detection unit 102 includes a first end contact and a second end contact, the N-th channel of the N-channel detection unit 102 includes a first end contact and a second end contact, 1≤i≤N, therefore the N-channel detection unit 102 includes 2N contacts.

[0020] Furthermore, the optional protection detection group 120 includes multiple N-channel detection units 102 connected in series. For two adjacent N-channel detection units 102, the second end contact of the i-th channel of one N-channel detection unit 102 is reused as the first end contact of the i-th channel of the other N-channel detection unit 102, where 1 ≤ i ≤ N. That is, for two adjacent N-channel detection units 102 connected in series, the second end contact of the first channel of the preceding N-channel detection unit 102 is also the first end contact of the first channel of the following N-channel detection unit 102. Similarly, the second end contact of the i-th channel of the preceding N-channel detection unit 102 is also the first end contact of the i-th channel of the following N-channel detection unit 102. Likewise, the second end contact of the N-th channel of the preceding N-channel detection unit 102 is also the first end contact of the N-th channel of the following N-channel detection unit 102.

[0021] In this embodiment, the protection detection group 120 includes N switching channels, each having a first terminal contact and a second terminal contact, where N ≥ 2. The protection detection group 120 includes one N-channel detection unit 102. The i-th channel of the N-channel detection unit 102 is the i-th switching channel of the protection detection group 120, the first terminal contact of the i-th channel of the N-channel detection unit 102 is the first terminal contact of the i-th switching channel in the protection detection group 120, and the second terminal contact of the i-th channel of the N-channel detection unit 102 is the second terminal contact of the i-th switching channel in the protection detection group 120. The protection detection group 120 includes multiple N-channel detection units 102 connected in series. The i-th channel of the multiple N-channel detection units 102 connected in series is the i-th switch channel of the protection detection group 120. The first end contact of the i-th channel of the first N-channel detection unit 102 is the first end contact of the i-th switch channel in the protection detection group 120. The second end contact of the i-th channel of the last N-channel detection unit 102 is the second end contact of the i-th switch channel in the protection detection group 120.

[0022] by Figure 1 The two protective detection groups 120 and the N-channel detection unit 102 of the diagnostic system are dual-channel detection units 102, as illustrated below. It is possible that both channels of the N-channel detection unit 102 are normally closed channels, but this is not a limitation.

[0023] The protection detection group 120A includes one N-channel detection unit 102A. The first channel of the N-channel detection unit 102A includes a first terminal contact P11 and a second terminal contact P12. The second channel of the N-channel detection unit 102A includes a first terminal contact P21 and a second terminal contact P22. Accordingly, the first channel of the N-channel detection unit 102A is the first switching channel of the protection detection group 120A, and the first terminal contact of the first switching channel is P11 and the second terminal contact is P12. The second channel of the N-channel detection unit 102A is the second switching channel of the protection detection group 120A, and the first terminal contact of the second switching channel is P21 and the second terminal contact is P22.

[0024] The protection detection group 120B includes N-channel detection units 102C, 102D, and 102E connected in series. The first channel of N-channel detection unit 102C includes a first terminal contact P13 and a second terminal contact P14; the second channel of N-channel detection unit 102C includes a first terminal contact P23 and a second terminal contact P24; the first channel of N-channel detection unit 102D includes a first terminal contact P14 and a second terminal contact P15; the second channel of N-channel detection unit 102D includes a first terminal contact P24 and a second terminal contact P25; the first channel of N-channel detection unit 102E includes a first terminal contact P15 and a second terminal contact P16; and the N-channel detection unit 102C... The second channel of 2E includes a first terminal contact P25 and a second terminal contact P26; the first channel of the corresponding series-connected N-channel detection unit 102C, the first channel of the N-channel detection unit 102D, and the first channel of the N-channel detection unit 102E constitutes the first switching channel of the protection detection group 120B, wherein the first terminal contact of the first switching channel is P13 and the second terminal contact is P16; the second channel of the series-connected N-channel detection unit 102C, the second channel of the N-channel detection unit 102D, and the second channel of the N-channel detection unit 102E constitutes the second switching channel of the protection detection group 120B, wherein the first terminal contact of the second switching channel is P23 and the second terminal contact is P26.

[0025] The diagnostic system also includes a diagnostic module 103, from which independent detection signal lines are led out from each contact of the N-channel detection unit 102 and connected to the signal terminals of the diagnostic module 103. The 2N signal terminals of the diagnostic module 103 are electrically connected to the 2N contacts of the protection detection group 120, respectively. The diagnostic module 103 is used to determine the status of the N-channel detection unit 102 in the protection detection group 120 based on the signals from the 2N contacts of the protection detection group 120. The status of the N-channel detection unit 102 includes normal and fault states. When a single N-channel detection unit 102 constitutes the protection detection group 120, the 2N contacts of the N-channel detection unit 102 constitute the 2N contacts of the protection detection group 120, which are electrically connected to the 2N signal terminals of the diagnostic module 103. When multiple N-channel detection units 102 connected in series form a protection detection group 120, the N first terminal contacts of the first N-channel detection unit 102 and the N second terminal contacts of the last N-channel detection unit 102 form 2N contacts of the protection detection group 120, which are electrically connected to the 2N signal terminals of the diagnostic module 103 respectively.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 As shown, in the N-channel detection unit 102A, the first terminal contact P11 of the first channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN11 of the diagnostic module 103, the second terminal contact P12 of the first channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN12 of the diagnostic module 103, the first terminal contact P21 of the second channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN21 of the diagnostic module 103, and the second terminal contact P22 of the second channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN22 of the diagnostic module 103. When a single N-channel detection unit 102A constitutes the protection detection group 120A, the diagnostic module 103 determines the state of the N-channel detection unit 102A based on the contact signals of contact P11, contact P12, contact P21, and contact P22 of the N-channel detection unit 102A. The determination result is used to characterize whether the N-channel detection unit 102A and its associated protective cover are in a normal state or a fault state.

[0027] In the N-channel detection unit 102B, the first terminal contact P12 of the first channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN12 of the diagnostic module 103, the second terminal contact P13 of the first channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN13 of the diagnostic module 103, the first terminal contact P22 of the second channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN22 of the diagnostic module 103, and the second terminal contact P23 of the second channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN23 of the diagnostic module 103. When a single N-channel detection unit 102B constitutes the protection detection group 120, the diagnostic module 103 determines the state of the N-channel detection unit 102B based on the contact signals of contact P12, contact P13, contact P22, and contact P23 of the N-channel detection unit 102B. The determination result is used to characterize whether the N-channel detection unit 102B and its associated protective cover are in a normal state or a fault state.

[0028] In the N-channel detection unit 102C, the first terminal contact P13 of the first channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN13 of the diagnostic module 103, the second terminal contact P14 of the first channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN14 of the diagnostic module 103, the first terminal contact P23 of the second channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN23 of the diagnostic module 103, and the second terminal contact P24 of the second channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN24 of the diagnostic module 103. When a single N-channel detection unit 102C constitutes the protection detection group 120, the diagnostic module 103 determines the state of the N-channel detection unit 102C based on the contact signals of contact P13, contact P14, contact P23, and contact P24 of the N-channel detection unit 102C. The determination result is used to characterize whether the N-channel detection unit 102C and its associated protective cover are in a normal state or a fault state.

[0029] In the N-channel detection unit 102D, the first terminal contact P14 of the first channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN14 of the diagnostic module 103, the second terminal contact P15 of the first channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN15 of the diagnostic module 103, the first terminal contact P24 of the second channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN24 of the diagnostic module 103, and the second terminal contact P25 of the second channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN25 of the diagnostic module 103. When a single N-channel detection unit 102D constitutes the protection detection group 120, the diagnostic module 103 determines the state of the N-channel detection unit 102D based on the contact signals of contact P14, contact P15, contact P24, and contact P25 of the N-channel detection unit 102D. The determination result is used to characterize whether the N-channel detection unit 102D and its associated protective cover are in a normal state or a fault state.

[0030] In the N-channel detection unit 102E, the first contact P15 of the first channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN15 of the diagnostic module 103, the second contact P16 of the first channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN16 of the diagnostic module 103, the first contact P25 of the second channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN25 of the diagnostic module 103, and the second contact P26 of the second channel is electrically connected to the signal terminal IN26 of the diagnostic module 103. When a single N-channel detection unit 102E constitutes the protection detection group 120, the diagnostic module 103 determines the status of the N-channel detection unit 102E based on the contact signals of contact P15, contact P16, contact P25, and contact P26 of the N-channel detection unit 102E. The determination result is used to characterize whether the N-channel detection unit 102E and its associated protective cover are in a normal or faulty state.

[0031] If multiple N-channel detection units 102 connected in series constitute a protection detection group 120, for example, N-channel detection units 102C, 102D, and 102E connected in series constitute a protection detection group 120B. The two first terminal contacts P13 and P23 of the first N-channel detection unit 102C and the two second terminal contacts P16 and P26 of the last N-channel detection unit 102E constitute the four contacts of the protection detection group 120B, which are electrically connected to the four signal terminals IN13, IN16, IN23, and IN26 of the diagnostic module 103, respectively. The diagnostic module 103 determines the status of the protection detection group 120B based on the contact signals of contact P13, contact P16, contact P23, and contact P26. The determination result is used to characterize whether the unit group composed of N-channel detection unit 102C, N-channel detection unit 102D, and N-channel detection unit 102E is in a normal state or a fault state.

[0032] Under any operating condition of the equipment, a single N-channel detection unit 102 in the equipment can form a protection detection group 120, which can realize independent detection of any N-channel detection unit 102, accurately identify the status of each N-channel detection unit 102, and also help to accurately identify the faulty N-channel detection unit 102 when the equipment fails.

[0033] Under any operating condition of the equipment, multiple N-channel detection units 102 can be configured into at least two protection detection groups 120. Diagnosis can be performed on each protection detection group 120 to achieve a coarse inspection. Furthermore, when a faulty protection detection group 120 is identified, the multiple N-channel detection units 102 within that faulty group can be reclassified into at least two more protection detection groups 120. Diagnosis can then be performed on each protection detection group 120 to achieve a fine inspection. This process continues until the faulty N-channel detection unit 102 is identified. This eliminates the need for point-by-point troubleshooting during equipment maintenance, reducing downtime and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0034] This invention provides a diagnostic system for equipment protective covers, used for safety diagnostics of protective covers in equipment. This eliminates the need for operators to check each point individually, reducing equipment downtime, improving maintenance efficiency, and ultimately increasing equipment operating efficiency. Specifically, in the diagnostic system for equipment protective covers, at least one N-channel detection unit connected in series constitutes a protective detection group, which includes N switching channels. The diagnostic module's 2N signal terminals are electrically connected to the 2N contacts of the N switching channels in the protective detection group. The diagnostic module determines the status of the N-channel detection units in the protective detection group based on the signals from the 2N contacts. If a single N-channel detection unit constitutes the protective detection group, the diagnostic system can independently diagnose any single N-channel detection unit, thereby achieving accurate identification of the status of any N-channel detection unit and its protective cover within the equipment, facilitating precise fault location. If multiple N-channel detection units connected in series form a protective detection group, then the diagnostic system of the equipment protective cover can perform a unified diagnosis on multiple N-channel detection units, and then further refine the inspection until the faulty N-channel detection unit is found. This is beneficial because it eliminates the need for point-by-point troubleshooting during equipment maintenance, reduces equipment downtime, and improves maintenance efficiency.

[0035] The optional diagnostic module is used to determine that the state of the N-channel detection units in the protection detection group is normal if it detects that the N first-terminal contact signals and N second-terminal contact signals are the same. The diagnostic module is also used to determine that there are N-channel detection units in the protection detection group that are faulty if it detects that the N first-terminal contact signals or N second-terminal contact signals are different. The normal state of the optional N-channel detection units includes closed and open states. The diagnostic module is used to determine that the state of the N-channel detection units in the protection detection group is closed if it detects that all 2N contact signals in the protection detection group are the same. The diagnostic module is also used to determine that there are N-channel detection units in the protection detection group that are open if it detects that the N first-terminal contact signals are all at a first level and the N second-terminal contact signals are all at a second level different from the first level. The optional first level and second level can be either high or low.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the device is powered on, if the N-channel detection unit is normal and the protective cover to which the N-channel detection unit belongs is closed, theoretically each contact of the N-channel detection unit will transmit an electrical signal, and the states of the N channels of the N-channel detection unit will be the same. For example, if each contact of the N-channel detection unit is at a high level, then the diagnostic module should detect that the N first terminal contact signals and N second terminal contact signals of the N-channel detection unit are the same. Similarly, if the protection detection group includes multiple N-channel detection units and the protection detection group is in a normal closed state, and the states of the N switch channels of the protection detection group are the same, then the diagnostic module should detect that the N first terminal contact signals and N second terminal contact signals of the protection detection group are the same.

[0037] When the device is powered on, if the N-channel detection unit is normal and the protective cover to which the N-channel detection unit belongs is in an open state, theoretically, one side of the contact of the open N-channel detection unit has an electrical signal transmission while the other side does not. The states of the N channels of the N-channel detection unit are the same. Therefore, the diagnostic module should detect that the N first terminal contact signals of the N-channel detection unit are the same and the N second terminal contact signals are the same. Similarly, if there is an open N-channel detection unit in the protective detection group, the protective detection group is in a normal open state, and the states of the N switch channels of the protective detection group are the same. Therefore, the diagnostic module should detect that the N first terminal contact signals of the protective detection group are the same and the N second terminal contact signals are the same. Specifically, the diagnostic module detects that the N first terminal contact signals of the protective detection group are all at the first level and the N second terminal contact signals are all at the second level, with one of the first level and the other at the low level.

[0038] Conversely, if the N-channel detection unit fails while the device is powered on, the diagnostic module will detect that the contact signals of the N contacts on one side of the protection detection group or the N-channel detection unit are different.

[0039] Based on this, if the diagnostic module detects that N first-terminal contact signals and N second-terminal contact signals of the protection detection group are the same, it determines that the N-channel detection unit in the protection detection group is in a normal state. Conversely, if the diagnostic module detects that N first-terminal contact signals or N second-terminal contact signals of the protection detection group are different, it determines that there is a fault in the N-channel detection unit in the protection detection group.

[0040] refer to Figure 1As shown, taking the N-channel detection unit 102B as an example, if the diagnostic module 103 detects that the contact signals of the two first terminal contacts P12 and P22 of the N-channel detection unit 102B are the same, and the contact signals of the two second terminal contacts P13 and P23 of the N-channel detection unit 102B are the same, then the states of the N channels of the N-channel detection unit 102B are the same, and the state of the N-channel detection unit 102B is determined to be normal; if the contact signals of the two first terminal contacts P12 and P22 and the two second terminal contacts P13 and P23 of the N-channel detection unit 102B are the same, then the states of the N channels of the N-channel detection unit 102B are the same, and the state of the N-channel detection unit 102B is determined to be normal. If the contact signals of the second terminal contacts P13 and P23 are identical, then all N channels of the N-channel detection unit 102B are closed, and the state of the N-channel detection unit 102B is closed. If the two first terminal contacts P12 and P22 of the N-channel detection unit 102B have the same first level, and the contact signals of the two second terminal contacts P13 and P23 have the same second level, then all N channels of the N-channel detection unit 102B are open, and the state of the N-channel detection unit 102B is open. Conversely, if the diagnostic module 103 detects that the contact signals of the two first terminal contacts P12 and P22 of the N-channel detection unit 102B are different, or that the contact signals of the two second terminal contacts P13 and P23 are different, then the state of the N-channel detection unit 102B is determined to be faulty.

[0041] refer to Figure 1 As shown, taking the protection detection group 120B as an example, the diagnostic module 103 detects that the contact signals of the two first terminal contacts P13 and P23 of the protection detection group 120B are the same, and the contact signals of the two second terminal contacts P16 and P26 of the protection detection group 120B are the same, and determines that the states of the three N-channel detection units 102 in the protection detection group 120B are all normal; if the contact signals of the two first terminal contacts P13 and P23 and the two second terminal contacts P16 and P26 of the protection detection group 120B are all the same, then the state of each N-channel detection unit 102 in the protection detection group 120B is closed; if the two first terminal contacts P13 and P23 of the protection detection group 120B are at the same first level, and the contact signals of the two second terminal contacts P16 and P26 are at the same second level, then at least one N-channel detection unit 102 in the protection detection group 120B is open. Conversely, if the diagnostic module 103 detects that the contact signals of the two first terminal contacts P13 and P23 of the protection detection group 120B are different or the contact signals of the two second terminal contacts P16 and P26 are different, it determines that there is a fault in the N-channel detection unit 102 in the protection detection group 120B.

[0042] In this embodiment, if the contact signal of the contact is high, it can be set to logic "1"; if the contact signal of the contact is low, it can be set to logic "0". Table 1 below shows the judgment logic of the N-channel detection unit 102B.

[0043] Table 1 refer to Figure 1 As shown in Table 1, the N-channel detection unit 102B is used as an example.

[0044] In the first case, the contact signals of the two first terminal contacts P12 and P22 of the N-channel detection unit 102B are high level, i.e., logic "1", and the contact signals of the two second terminal contacts P13 and P23 are low level, i.e. logic "0". This indicates that the state of each channel of the N-channel detection unit 102B is open. In this open state, it indicates that the protective cover of the N-channel detection unit 102B is open.

[0045] In the second case, the contact signals of the two first terminal contacts P12 and P22 of the N-channel detection unit 102B are high level, i.e., logic "1", and the contact signals of the two second terminal contacts P13 and P23 are high level, i.e., logic "1", indicating that the state of each channel of the N-channel detection unit 102B is closed. This closed state indicates that the protective cover to which the N-channel detection unit 102B belongs is closed.

[0046] In the third scenario, the contact signals of the two first terminal contacts P12 and P22 of the N-channel detection unit 102B are at a high level (logo "1"), the contact signal of the second terminal contact P13 is at a low level (logo "0"), and the contact signal of the second terminal contact P23 is at a high level (logo "1"). This indicates that the first channel of the N-channel detection unit 102B is in an open state and the second channel is in a closed state. Therefore, the N-channel detection unit 102B and the protective cover are faulty or damaged.

[0047] In the fourth scenario, the contact signals of the two first terminal contacts P12 and P22 of the N-channel detection unit 102B are high (logic "1"), the contact signal of the second terminal contact P13 is high (logic "1"), and the contact signal of the second terminal contact P23 is low (logic "0"). This indicates that the first channel of the N-channel detection unit 102B is closed and the second channel is open. Therefore, the N-channel detection unit 102B and the protective cover are faulty or damaged.

[0048] Table 2 below shows the judgment logic for the 120B protection detection group.

[0049] Table 2 refer to Figure 1 As shown in Table 2, the protection test group 120B is used as an example.

[0050] In the first scenario, the contact signals of the two first-terminal contacts P13 and P23 of the protection detection group 120B are at a high level (logo "1"), and the contact signals of the two second-terminal contacts P16 and P26 are at a low level (logo "0"), indicating that the state of each switch channel of the protection detection group 120B is open. Further, referring to the judgment logic of the N-channel detection unit 102 in Table 1, logical judgments are performed on the N-channel detection units 102C, 102D, and 102E in the protection detection group 120B to determine the state of each N-channel detection unit 102.

[0051] In the second scenario, the contact signals of the two first-end contacts P13 and P23 of the protection detection group 120B are at a high level, i.e., logic "1", and the contact signals of the two second-end contacts P16 and P26 are at a high level, i.e., logic "1". This indicates that the state of each switch channel of the protection detection group 120B is closed. Therefore, the N-channel detection units 102C, 102D, and 102E in the protection detection group 120B are all in a closed state.

[0052] In the third scenario, the contact signals of the two first-end contacts P13 and P23 of the protection detection group 120B are high (logo "1"), the contact signal of the second-end contact P16 is low (logo "0"), and the contact signal of the second-end contact P26 is high (logo "1"). This indicates that the first channel of the protection detection group 120B is open and the second channel is closed, thus the protection detection group 120B is faulty. Further, referring to the judgment logic of the N-channel detection unit 102 in Table 1, logical judgments are performed on the N-channel detection units 102C, 102D, and 102E in the protection detection group 120B to identify the faulty N-channel detection unit 102.

[0053] In the fourth scenario, the contact signals of the two first-end contacts P13 and P23 of the protection detection group 120B are high (logic "1"), the contact signal of the second-end contact P16 is high (logic "1"), and the contact signal of the second-end contact P26 is low (logic "0"). This indicates that the first channel of the protection detection group 120B is closed and the second channel is open, thus the protection detection group 120B is faulty. Further, referring to the judgment logic of the N-channel detection unit 102 in Table 1, logical judgments are performed on the N-channel detection units 102C, 102D, and 102E in the protection detection group 120B to identify the faulty N-channel detection unit 102.

[0054] An optional diagnostic module is electrically connected to the safety relay; the diagnostic module is used to collect the contact signals of the protection detection group and perform diagnosis when the safety relay alarm is detected.

[0055] In this embodiment, the diagnostic module can be electrically connected to a safety relay. A fault in the safety circuit consisting of the N-channel detection unit and the safety relay causes the safety relay to alarm. This could be due to a fault in the N-channel detection unit or an abnormality in the safety relay itself. Therefore, when the safety relay alarms, the diagnostic module collects and diagnoses the contact signals of the protection detection group to determine whether the N-channel detection unit is abnormal. This helps in accurately identifying the faulty N-channel detection unit when equipment malfunctions. If the diagnostic module determines that all N-channel detection units are normal when the safety relay alarms, then the safety relay is abnormal, which also helps in accurately identifying the faulty component when equipment malfunctions.

[0056] Optional diagnostic modules include: an electrical isolation unit and a signal processing unit. The signal processing unit is electrically connected to 2N contacts of the protection detection group via the electrical isolation unit. Optional electrical isolation units include at least one of optocoupler isolators and relay isolators. Optional signal processing units include a PLC controller.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a diagnostic system for another equipment protective cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the diagnostic module 103 includes an electrical isolation unit 131 and a signal processing unit 132. The signal processing unit 132 is electrically connected to 2N contacts of the protection detection group 120 through the electrical isolation unit 131. Optional electrical isolation unit 131 includes at least one of an optocoupler isolator and a relay isolator. Optional signal processing unit 132 includes a PLC controller.

[0058] In this embodiment, to improve system stability, a precision positioning system with an electrically isolated safety shield is designed. Specifically, the contact signals of the 2N contacts of the N-channel detection unit 102 are transmitted to the signal processing unit 132 after passing through the electrical isolation unit 131. If the contact signals of the safety circuit are directly connected to the signal processing unit 132, electrical interference, power crosstalk, and the reverse impact of a fault in the signal processing unit 132 on the safety circuit may easily occur, which does not meet the equipment safety standard requirements.

[0059] The electrical isolation unit 131, as a component or structure for achieving electrical isolation in a circuit or system, can cut off the direct path of electrical signal flow from the N-channel detection unit 102 to the signal processing unit 132, avoiding mutual interference between the N-channel detection unit 102 and the signal processing unit 132, and improving diagnostic accuracy. Specifically, the detection signal line led from the contacts of the N-channel detection unit 102 is connected to the signal processing unit 132 after electrical isolation. The diagnostic module 102 then forms an independent diagnostic circuit, and the N-channel detection unit 102 and the safety relay 102 form a safety main circuit. The safety main circuit and the diagnostic circuit are completely electrically isolated through the electrical isolation unit 131. The power supply of the safety main circuit and the power supply of the diagnostic circuit are not connected, and the grounding of the safety main circuit and the grounding of the diagnostic circuit are not connected, which improves diagnostic accuracy. The contact signal of the safety circuit is connected to the signal processing unit 132 through the electrical isolation unit 131, which can avoid safety hazards such as electrical interference, power supply crosstalk, and the reverse impact of a fault in the signal processing unit 132 on the safety circuit, thus improving equipment safety standards.

[0060] Electrical isolation unit 131 can be an optocoupler isolator, or electrical isolation unit 131 can be a relay isolator, or electrical isolation unit 131 can be both an optocoupler isolator and a relay isolator.

[0061] The detection signal lines leading from the contacts of the N-channel detection unit 102 are connected to the signal terminal IN of the electrical isolation unit 131. The signal from the signal terminal IN of the electrical isolation unit 131 is transmitted to the signal terminal I11 of the signal processing unit 132. Specifically, the detection signal line leading from contact P11 is connected to the signal terminal IN11 of the electrical isolation unit 131. The P11 contact signal received by the signal terminal IN11 of the electrical isolation unit 131 is transmitted to the signal terminal I11 of the signal processing unit 132 after electrical isolation. The detection signal line leading from contact P12 is connected to the signal terminal IN12 of the electrical isolation unit 131. The P12 contact signal received by the signal terminal IN12 of the electrical isolation unit 131 is transmitted to the signal terminal I12 of the signal processing unit 132 after electrical isolation. Similarly, the detection signal line leading from contact P26 is connected to the signal terminal IN26 of the electrical isolation unit 131. The P26 contact signal received by the signal terminal IN26 of the electrical isolation unit 131 is transmitted to the signal terminal I26 of the signal processing unit 132 after electrical isolation.

[0062] In this embodiment, the signal processing unit 132 includes a PLC controller. A PLC controller is a programmable logic controller, primarily designed as a control computer for industrial environments, used for automated control of machinery or production processes. It can execute instructions for logical operations, sequential control, timing, counting, and arithmetic operations, and includes at least a CPU, memory, input / output interfaces, and a power supply. The detection signal lines led from the contacts of the N-channel detection unit 102 are electrically isolated and then connected to the input terminal I of the PLC controller. The PLC controller forms an independent diagnostic circuit, and the N-channel detection unit 102 and the safety relay 102 form a safety main circuit. The safety main circuit and the diagnostic circuit are completely electrically isolated by the electrical isolation unit 131. The safety main circuit operates independently, and the PLC controller operates independently without interference. The PLC controller performs independent diagnostics.

[0063] When the safety relay alarms, the PLC controller synchronously reads the contact levels of all N-channel detection units 102 through the electrical isolation unit 131. The PLC controller can determine the high or low contact levels of each N-channel detection unit 102 through detection, and thus accurately determine the fault point of the safety main circuit.

[0064] As described above, the electrical isolation unit 131 can be an optocoupler isolator. The electrical isolation unit 131 uses light to transmit signals, completely disconnecting the safety main circuit from the diagnostic circuit electrically, transmitting only status information and not voltage or current. Internally, the electrical isolation unit 131 contains a light-emitting diode (LED) and a photosensitive receiver. The LED's status changes depending on whether the contacts are energized, turning on / off. The photosensitive receiver provides an on / off signal to the PLC controller based on whether it receives light. The electrical isolation unit 131 uses optocouplers for signal transmission, and there is no direct electrical connection between the input side of the electrical isolation unit 131 (connected to the safety main circuit) and the output side (connected to the PLC controller). When the input circuit is energized, the internal light-emitting element lights up, and the output-side photosensitive element receives the light signal, triggering output conduction, achieving complete electrical isolation between the input and output.

[0065] For example, the contact state of the N-channel detection unit indicates that there is power; the LED is lit when it is lit, and the photosensitive receiver receives light and provides a conduction signal (logo "1") to the PLC controller. Conversely, the contact state of the N-channel detection unit indicates that there is no power; the LED is off when it is lit, and the photosensitive receiver does not receive light and provides a disconnect signal (logo "0") to the PLC controller. The safety main circuit and the diagnostic circuit are completely electrically disconnected, with no wires connecting them. Information is transmitted entirely by light, thus achieving opto-isolation, preventing PLC burnout, preventing interference, and meeting safety requirements.

[0066] The electrical isolation unit 131 can also be a dual-channel optocoupler safety isolation device, installed between the safety guard and the PLC, to achieve complete electrical isolation between the field detection circuit and the PLC control circuit, block ground potential difference, strong crosstalk and electromagnetic interference, ensure system safety and reliability, and achieve accurate identification of individual guard faults.

[0067] The PLC controller provides digital inputs (DI / switching inputs) with only two states: 0 and 1 (on / off). The contact signals of the N-channel detection units are electrically isolated by the electrical isolation unit 131 before being connected to the corresponding independent safety digital input channels of the PLC controller. The PLC controller performs a fixed-cycle scan of all safety input channels, acquiring the high and low level states of each channel in real time. It converts the electrical signals into internal logic state quantities to identify the on / off, normal, disconnected, or faulty state of each safety detection module.

[0068] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The optional diagnostic system includes: a display screen 104; a diagnostic module 103 electrically connected to the display screen 104, which controls the display screen 104 to display the status judgment results of the N-channel detection units 102 in the protection detection group 120. The optional diagnostic module 103 includes a PLC controller and an electrical isolation unit 131, with the PLC controller electrically connected to the display screen 104. The PLC controller reads the contact levels of all N-channel detection units 102 through the electrical isolation unit 131. By detecting these levels, the PLC controller can determine the high or low contact levels of each N-channel detection unit 102, thereby accurately determining the fault point of the safety main circuit. The PLC controller then displays the judgment results on the display screen 104.

[0069] For example, if the PLC controller determines that the N-channel detection unit 102B is in an off state, the PLC controller will drive the display screen 104 to display the judgment result. The display screen 104 will display the alarm text: "The protective cover of the N-channel detection unit 102B has been opened".

[0070] For example, if the PLC controller determines that the N-channel detection unit 102E is in a fault state, the PLC controller will drive the display screen 104 to display the judgment result. The display screen 104 will display the alarm text: "The protective cover of the N-channel detection unit 102E is damaged".

[0071] This invention provides a diagnostic system for equipment protective covers, used for safety diagnostics of protective covers within equipment. Specifically, the diagnostic system for equipment protective covers may include a PLC controller, an electrical isolation unit, a display screen, etc. While retaining the main safety circuit composed of safety relays and N-channel detection units, detection signal lines can be led out from each contact of the N-channel detection units and connected to the diagnostic module. The detection signal lines led out from the contacts of the N-channel detection units are electrically isolated by the electrical isolation unit before being connected to the input terminal of the PLC controller. The PLC controller constitutes an independent diagnostic circuit, thus not reducing the safety level. Simultaneously, the main safety circuit and the diagnostic circuit are completely electrically isolated through the electrical isolation unit, improving diagnostic accuracy.

[0072] In addition, the PLC controller determines the status of the N-channel detection units by detecting them. The PLC controller then drives the display screen to show the determination results. The display screen shows the status information of each N-channel detection unit, or it mainly shows the fault status information of the N-channel detection units. This is helpful for accurately locating the fault point when the equipment fails. The screen can directly identify whether the protective cover is open or damaged, improve the efficiency of fault handling, effectively distinguish the fault type, and identify the protective cover opening, contact breakage, module damage, etc.

[0073] Furthermore, the contacts of the N-channel detection unit are not new contacts; instead, they directly utilize the initial contacts of the safety switch in the main safety circuit. Therefore, the diagnostic system requires no auxiliary contacts and is suitable for the N-channel detection unit with two sets of normally closed contacts, i.e., the safety switch of the protective cover, offering strong versatility. The diagnostic system has a simple structure, low cost, and can be easily upgraded to realize the diagnostic system.

[0074] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0075] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A diagnostic system for a protective cover of equipment, characterized in that, include: A safety relay and at least one N-channel detection unit, wherein the at least one N-channel detection unit is connected in series and connected to the safety relay, the N-channel detection unit is installed at the edge of the protective cover, and the at least one N-channel detection unit connected in series constitutes a protective detection group, the protective detection group includes N switching channels, each switching channel having a first end contact and a second end contact, where N≥2; The diagnostic module has 2N signal terminals that are electrically connected to 2N contacts of the protection detection group. The diagnostic module is used to determine the status of the N-channel detection unit in the protection detection group based on the signals from the 2N contacts of the protection detection group. The status of the N-channel detection unit includes normal and fault.

2. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diagnostic module is used to detect that N first terminal contact signals of the protection detection group are the same and N second terminal contact signals are the same, and to determine that the state of the N channel detection unit in the protection detection group is normal. The diagnostic module is also used to detect that the N first terminal contact signals of the protection detection group are different or that the N second terminal contact signals are different, and to determine that there is a fault in the N-channel detection unit in the protection detection group.

3. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The normal states of the N-channel detection unit include closed and open; The diagnostic module is used to detect that all 2N contact signals of the protection detection group are the same, and to determine that the state of the N-channel detection unit in the protection detection group is closed. The diagnostic module is further configured to detect that all N first terminal contact signals of the protection detection group are at a first level and all N second terminal contact signals are at a second level different from the first level, and to determine that there is an N-channel detection unit in the protection detection group that is in an open state.

4. The diagnostic system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Of the first level and the second level, one is a high level and the other is a low level.

5. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diagnostic module is electrically connected to the safety relay; The diagnostic module is used to collect the contact signals of the protection detection group and perform diagnosis when the safety relay alarm is detected.

6. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection detection group includes: multiple N-channel detection units connected in series; For two adjacent N-channel detection units, the second end contact of the i-th channel of one N-channel detection unit is reused as the first end contact of the i-th channel of the other N-channel detection unit, where 1≤i≤N.

7. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diagnostic module includes an electrical isolation unit and a signal processing unit, wherein the signal processing unit is electrically connected to 2N contacts of the protection detection group through the electrical isolation unit.

8. The diagnostic system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electrical isolation unit includes at least one of an optocoupler isolator and a relay isolator.

9. The diagnostic system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The signal processing unit includes a PLC controller.

10. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diagnostic system includes: a display screen; The diagnostic module is electrically connected to the display screen, and the diagnostic module is used to control the display screen to display the status judgment results of the N-channel detection unit in the protection detection group.

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