Partial discharge location methods, devices and electronic equipment for switchgear

Abstract

This invention discloses a method, apparatus, and electronic device for partial discharge location in switchgear. Relating to the field of smart grid technology, the method includes: acquiring multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of a target switchgear, wherein each candidate partial discharge pulse signal corresponds one-to-one with multiple preset positions within the target switchgear; determining the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals; determining a set of homologous pulse signals of the target switchgear based on the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals; determining the time delay characteristics of the homologous pulse signal set; and determining the target partial discharge position coordinates of the target switchgear based on the time delay characteristics and the position coordinates corresponding to each of the multiple preset positions. This invention solves the technical problem of low partial discharge location accuracy in switchgear due to relying on a single threshold to detect pulse arrival time in the face of complex electromagnetic environments within switchgear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smart grid technology, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, and electronic device for locating partial discharge in a switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] Partial discharge is a major sign and early manifestation of insulation degradation in switchgear. Accurate location of partial discharge is crucial for maintenance personnel to quickly identify fault intervals, formulate maintenance strategies, and prevent equipment breakdown accidents. Among related technologies, location methods based on time difference of arrival have become the mainstream technology for locating partial discharge sources inside switchgear due to their flexibility in deployment and the fact that they do not require global absolute time synchronization. However, these technologies have significant shortcomings in locating partial discharge sources in switchgear, mainly in the following aspects:

[0003] Estimating time delay by detecting the first point of the pulse signal exceeding a preset threshold using a threshold method is severely inadequate in complex electromagnetic environments. Because partial discharge pulses are affected by multiple reflections, refractions, and attenuation as they propagate within the metal cabinet, waveform leading-edge distortion and morphological blurring occur. Furthermore, the presence of numerous strong electromagnetic interference sources within the switchgear, such as frequency converters, circuit breaker operations, and communication equipment, exacerbates the instability of single-point timing extraction due to background noise superimposed on the partial discharge pulse. This results in large deviations in single-point timing detection results, poor anti-interference capabilities, and ultimately, significant positioning errors, making it difficult to meet the maintenance requirements for centimeter-level precise positioning within the confined space of the switchgear. While related technologies for partial discharge positioning in switchgear can achieve coarse location of partial discharge sources within a certain range, their reliance on a single threshold to detect pulse arrival time leads to low positioning accuracy in complex electromagnetic environments within switchgear.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, apparatus, and electronic device for partial discharge location of switchgear, which at least solves the technical problem of low partial discharge location accuracy of switchgear due to relying on a single threshold to detect the arrival time of pulses when facing the complex electromagnetic environment inside the switchgear.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for locating partial discharge in a switchgear is provided, comprising: acquiring a plurality of candidate partial discharge pulse signals of a target switchgear, wherein the plurality of candidate partial discharge pulse signals correspond one-to-one with a plurality of preset positions in the target switchgear, and the candidate partial discharge pulse signals are obtained by preprocessing initial partial discharge pulse signals acquired at the corresponding preset positions; determining a target pulse signal corresponding to each of the plurality of candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the target pulse signal is used to indicate a pulse signal segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset amplitude and whose duration of being greater than the preset amplitude exceeds a preset duration; and determining a set of homologous pulse signals of the target switchgear based on the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the plurality of candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the set of homologous pulse signals includes pulses from the target switchgear and the target switchgear. The target pulse signal for partial discharge feature matching; the time delay characteristics of the set of pulse signals from the same source are determined, wherein the time delay characteristics are used to indicate the pulse propagation time delay of the second pulse signal relative to the first pulse signal in the set of pulse signals from the same source, the first pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the target preset position among multiple preset positions, the second pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the other preset positions besides the target preset position among multiple preset positions, and the target preset position represents the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the largest signal-to-noise ratio among multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals; based on the time delay characteristics and the position coordinates corresponding to each of the multiple preset positions, the target partial discharge position coordinates of the target switchgear are determined, wherein the target partial discharge position coordinates are used to indicate the position of the partial discharge source corresponding to the partial discharge feature in the target switchgear.

[0007] According to another aspect of the present invention, a partial discharge locating device for a switchgear is also provided, comprising: a candidate partial discharge pulse signal acquisition module, configured to acquire multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of a target switchgear, wherein the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals correspond one-to-one with multiple preset positions in the target switchgear, and the candidate partial discharge pulse signals are obtained by preprocessing initial partial discharge pulse signals acquired at the corresponding preset positions; a target pulse signal determination module, configured to determine a target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the target pulse signal is used to indicate a pulse signal segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset amplitude and whose duration of being greater than the preset amplitude exceeds a preset duration; and a homogeneous pulse signal set determination module, configured to determine a homogeneous pulse signal set of the target switchgear based on the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the homogeneous pulse signals are determined by the target pulse signals. The pulse signal set includes a target pulse signal that matches the partial discharge characteristics; a time delay characteristic determination module is used to determine the time delay characteristics of the same source pulse signal set, wherein the time delay characteristics are used to indicate the pulse propagation time delay of the second pulse signal in the same source pulse signal set relative to the first pulse signal, the first pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at a target preset position among multiple preset positions, the second pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the other preset positions besides the target preset position among multiple preset positions, and the target preset position represents the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the largest signal-to-noise ratio among multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals; a target partial discharge position coordinate determination module is used to determine the target partial discharge position coordinates of the target switchgear based on the time delay characteristics and the position coordinates corresponding to each of the multiple preset positions, wherein the target partial discharge position coordinates are used to indicate the position of the partial discharge source corresponding to the partial discharge characteristics in the target switchgear.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present invention, a non-volatile storage medium is also provided, the non-volatile storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted for loading by a processor and executing any one of the partial discharge location methods for switchgear described herein.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including one or more processors and a memory, the memory being used to store one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to implement the partial discharge location method for switchgear as described in any one of the present invention.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the partial discharge location method for switchgear as described in any one of the present invention.

[0011] In this embodiment of the invention, multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of the target switchgear are acquired, wherein each candidate partial discharge pulse signal corresponds one-to-one with multiple preset positions in the target switchgear, and the candidate partial discharge pulse signals are obtained by preprocessing the initial partial discharge pulse signals acquired at the corresponding preset positions; a target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals is determined, wherein the target pulse signal is used to indicate a pulse signal segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset amplitude and whose duration of being greater than the preset amplitude exceeds a preset duration; based on the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals, a set of homologous pulse signals of the target switchgear is determined, wherein the set of homologous pulse signals includes target pulse signals that match the partial discharge characteristics; a time delay characteristic of the set of homologous pulse signals is determined, wherein the time delay characteristic is used to indicate the pulse propagation time delay of the second pulse signal in the set of homologous pulse signals relative to the first pulse signal, and the first pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the target preset position among the multiple preset positions. The second pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at each of the multiple preset positions other than the target preset position. The target preset position represents the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio among the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals. Based on the time delay characteristics and the position coordinates corresponding to each of the multiple preset positions, the target partial discharge position coordinates of the target switchgear are determined. The target partial discharge position coordinates are used to indicate the position of the partial discharge source corresponding to the partial discharge characteristics in the target switchgear. This achieves the goal of accurately determining the target partial discharge position coordinates by extracting the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of the target switchgear, determining the same source pulse signal set based on all target pulse signals, and further determining the time delay characteristics of the same source pulse signal set. This improves the technical effect of partial discharge position positioning accuracy of the switchgear and solves the technical problem of low partial discharge positioning accuracy of the switchgear due to relying on a single threshold to detect the pulse arrival time when facing the complex electromagnetic environment inside the switchgear. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a partial discharge location method for a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an optional method for determining the coordinates of a target partial discharge location according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3This is a flowchart of an optional partial discharge location method for a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial discharge positioning device for a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a partial discharge positioning electronic device for a switch cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0020] First, to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, some terms or nouns involved in the present invention will be explained below:

[0021] Partial discharge (PD) refers to a transient, repetitive, low-energy discharge phenomenon that occurs in the insulation system of high-voltage electrical equipment, where the local electric field strength exceeds the breakdown threshold of the dielectric, resulting in a small area between conductors where a complete conductive path has not been formed. This phenomenon typically occurs at locations of electric field distortion, such as air gaps, impurities, interface defects, metal electrode tips, or aging areas within the insulation material.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for locating partial discharge in a switch cabinet is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a partial discharge location method for a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0024] Step S102: Acquire multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of the target switchgear. The multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals correspond one-to-one with multiple preset positions in the target switchgear. The candidate partial discharge pulse signals are obtained by preprocessing the initial partial discharge pulse signals acquired at the corresponding preset positions.

[0025] Optionally, sensors can be deployed at multiple preset locations inside the target switchgear to simultaneously collect initial partial discharge pulse signals from these locations. This ensures that the signal collected by each sensor corresponds to a specific physical location, forming spatially locatable raw observation data. However, due to the complex electromagnetic environment inside the target switchgear, the collected initial partial discharge pulse signals inevitably contain high-frequency noise, power frequency interference, equipment operation coupling signals, and multipath reflection distortion, directly affecting the accuracy of subsequent time delay estimation. Therefore, each initial partial discharge pulse signal needs to be preprocessed. This preprocessing includes, but is not limited to: using bandpass filtering to suppress interference in non-partial discharge frequency bands, using wavelet denoising to preserve pulse leading-edge details, and using baseline correction to eliminate DC drift. This significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio and waveform fidelity without altering the physical nature of the signal. The preprocessed signal is the candidate partial discharge pulse signal, which provides high-quality and high-stability input data for subsequent steps. This effectively solves the problems of false triggering, missed detection and time delay drift caused by the direct use of the original noise interference signal in related technologies, and lays a solid data foundation for the accurate positioning of the discharge source.

[0026] Step S104: Determine the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals. The target pulse signal is used to indicate the pulse signal segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset amplitude and whose duration of being greater than the preset amplitude exceeds a preset duration.

[0027] Optionally, the target pulse signal refers to a pulse segment extracted from the candidate partial discharge pulse signal that meets dual constraints. Specifically, the target pulse signal is a pulse segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude exceeds a preset amplitude threshold, and whose duration exceeding the preset amplitude threshold exceeds a preset duration threshold. Extracting the target pulse signal can filter out interference such as spurious pulses caused by instantaneous electromagnetic pulses, contact discharges, or sampling jitter. Ultimately, the obtained target pulse signal is a reliable signal segment with sufficient energy intensity in the time domain and stable propagation characteristics in space, which can significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of subsequent matching of pulses from the same source.

[0028] Step S106: Based on the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals, determine the set of homologous pulse signals of the target switchgear, wherein the set of homologous pulse signals includes target pulse signals that match the characteristics of partial discharge.

[0029] Optionally, a set of pulse signals originating from the same source can be determined. The core of this method lies in identifying a set of signals with the same partial discharge characteristic from multiple target pulse signals, based on the characteristics of the corresponding signals. By constructing this set of pulse signals originating from the same source, the problems of time delay misjudgment and positioning drift caused by signal mixing and pulse source ambiguity in related technical methods can be solved, significantly improving the accuracy and engineering reliability of partial discharge source positioning.

[0030] In one optional embodiment, when there are multiple other preset positions, the set of homogeneous pulse signals of the target switchgear is determined based on the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals. This includes: extracting features from the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals to obtain multiple pulse features, wherein the multiple pulse features correspond one-to-one with the multiple target pulse signals, and the pulse features are used to indicate the waveform features of the corresponding target pulse signals; determining the pulse feature corresponding to the target preset position among the multiple pulse features as the first pulse feature; determining the pulse features corresponding to the other preset positions among the multiple pulse features as multiple second pulse features; and determining the set of homogeneous pulse signals based on the first pulse feature and the multiple second pulse features.

[0031] Optionally, when there are multiple other preset positions, an intelligent matching mechanism is constructed that uses the target preset position as a benchmark and verifies the other preset positions collaboratively to determine the set of homologous pulse signals. Specifically, firstly, feature extraction is performed on multiple target pulse signals to obtain pulse features that quantitatively represent the pulse features corresponding to each of the multiple target pulse signals, thereby upgrading waveform recognition from time-domain signal matching to statistical similarity determination in the feature space. The pulse characteristics include, but are not limited to, envelope peak value, half-width at half-maximum (HWHM), rise time, and energy centroid offset. The envelope peak value indicates the instantaneous energy intensity carried by the corresponding target pulse signal in the time domain, reflecting the magnitude of the electromagnetic response amplitude excited by the partial discharge characteristics at the sensor channel. The HWHM indicates the time span during which the envelope of the corresponding target pulse signal drops to 50% of its peak value, and is an important basis for judging the degree of distortion of the target pulse signal. The rise time indicates the time required for the envelope of the corresponding target pulse signal to rise from the first preset amplitude to the second preset amplitude, reflecting the initial transient characteristics of the partial discharge process and the breakdown speed of the insulating medium. The energy centroid offset indicates the offset of the center position of the energy distribution of the corresponding target pulse signal along the time axis relative to the origin of its time window, reflecting the symmetry of the discharge pulse waveform and the time domain displacement of the main energy concentration area, and is a sensitive criterion for assisting in determining whether pulses from the same source have experienced the same propagation path. Next, the pulse feature corresponding to the target pulse signal at the target preset position (i.e., the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio) is selected as the first pulse feature, which serves as the reference template for homology determination. The pulse features of the target pulse signals corresponding to all other preset positions are the second pulse features, forming a set to be matched. Further, it is determined whether each second pulse feature corresponds to the same partial discharge feature as the first pulse feature, thereby determining the set of homologous pulse signals. By determining the set of homologous pulse signals using the method of this embodiment, pseudo-pulses generated by interference from sources other than the specified partial discharge power source can be effectively filtered out, which is a key step in achieving accurate positioning of the internal discharge power source in the switch cabinet.

[0032] In one optional embodiment, determining a set of homologous pulse signals based on a first pulse feature and multiple second pulse features includes: obtaining multiple target Mahalanobis distances corresponding to the first pulse feature based on the first pulse feature and multiple second pulse features, wherein the multiple target Mahalanobis distances correspond one-to-one with the multiple second pulse features, and the target Mahalanobis distances are used to indicate the degree of correlation between the first pulse feature and the corresponding second pulse feature; taking the second pulse feature corresponding to the target Mahalanobis distance that is smaller than a preset Mahalanobis distance from the multiple target Mahalanobis distances as the target pulse feature corresponding to the first pulse feature; and obtaining a set of homologous pulse signals based on the target pulse signal corresponding to the target pulse feature and the target pulse signal corresponding to the first pulse feature.

[0033] Optionally, in determining the set of pulse signals from the same source, firstly, the Mahalanobis distances between the first pulse feature and multiple second pulse features are calculated to form multiple target Mahalanobis distances. Each target Mahalanobis distance reflects the similarity between two corresponding target pulse signals in the feature space; that is, the smaller the Mahalanobis distance, the more likely the two target pulses originate from the same discharge source. When the multiple pulse features are in vector form, any target Mahalanobis distance can be obtained as follows: ,in, Represents the first pulse vector. Represents any second pulse vector. Represents the index of any second pulse vector. The index representing the Mahalanobis distance of any target. Indicates transpose. Denotes the inverse matrix of the covariance matrix. , This represents any one of multiple target pulse vectors. Indicates the index of any target pulse vector. This represents the mean vector corresponding to multiple target pulse vectors. This represents the total number of target pulse vectors. Next, the second pulse feature whose Mahalanobis distance is less than a preset Mahalanobis distance among the multiple targets is determined to be a target pulse feature with the same origin as the first pulse feature. Finally, the target pulse signals corresponding to the selected target pulse features are combined with the target pulse signals corresponding to the first pulse feature to form a set of homologous pulse signals. When there are multiple sets of homologous pulse signals (i.e., multiple partial discharge features exist), each set of homologous pulse signals is obtained using the same method as in this embodiment. In this embodiment, by introducing Mahalanobis distance to determine the homologous pulse signal set, it can adaptively adapt to different sensor response characteristics, significantly improve the accuracy of homologous pulse identification, and ensure that the signal sets participating in the discharge source location calculation correspond to the same discharge feature.

[0034] Step S108: Determine the time delay characteristics of the set of pulse signals from the same source. The time delay characteristics are used to indicate the pulse propagation time delay of the second pulse signal relative to the first pulse signal in the set of pulse signals from the same source. The first pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the target preset position among multiple preset positions. The second pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the other preset positions besides the target preset position among multiple preset positions. The target preset position represents the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the largest signal-to-noise ratio among multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals.

[0035] Optionally, determining the time delay characteristics of the same-source pulse signal set is a crucial step in converting multiple target pulse signals confirmed to be from the same source into precise time difference information that can be directly used for source location. Specifically, firstly, a preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio is taken as the target preset position. The target pulse signal corresponding to this target preset position is defined as the first pulse signal. This first pulse signal is least affected by noise interference, has the clearest waveform, and best reflects the characteristics of partial discharge. The target pulse signals at the remaining preset positions that have been determined to be from the same source are taken as the second pulse signals. Although the second pulse signal originates from the same source as the first pulse signal, its arrival time has a microsecond delay relative to the first pulse signal due to different propagation paths, sensor response differences, and local electromagnetic coupling effects. Further, by accurately calculating the arrival time difference between the second pulse signal and the first pulse signal, a time delay characteristic characterizing the spatial propagation path difference is formed. When there are multiple sets of same-source pulse signals, the same method as in this embodiment is used to obtain the time delay characteristics corresponding to each of the multiple sets of same-source pulse signal sets. This time delay feature not only includes the relative distance information between the discharge source and each preset position, but also ensures that the time delay features all originate from the same partial discharge feature because it is built on a set of pulse signals from the same source.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, when there are multiple second pulse signals, determining the time delay characteristics of a set of common pulse signals includes: determining multiple cross-correlation functions of the common pulse signal set based on a first pulse signal and multiple second pulse signals, wherein each cross-correlation function corresponds one-to-one with a multiple second pulse signal, and the cross-correlation function is used to indicate the degree of correlation between the first pulse signal and the corresponding second pulse signal; determining the peak sharpness corresponding to each of the multiple cross-correlation functions, wherein the peak sharpness is used to indicate the steepness of the peak point in the corresponding cross-correlation function; determining multiple target offsets based on the multiple cross-correlation functions and the peak sharpness corresponding to each of the multiple cross-correlation functions, wherein each target offset corresponds one-to-one with a multiple cross-correlation function, and the target offset is used to indicate the pulse arrival time difference of the corresponding second pulse signal relative to the first pulse signal; and obtaining the time delay characteristics based on the multiple target offsets.

[0037] Optionally, when there are multiple second pulse signals, the first pulse signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio is used as the reference, and cross-correlation is calculated with each of the remaining second pulse signals to generate multiple cross-correlation functions. The peak position of each cross-correlation function is a rough estimate of the time offset. Any cross-correlation function can be obtained as follows: First, calculate the cross-power spectrum between the first pulse signal and any second pulse signal. ,in, This represents the frequency domain signal of the first pulse signal after Fourier transform. This represents the complex conjugate frequency domain signal of any second pulse signal after Fourier transform. Indicates Fourier transform, This represents the complex conjugate operation. Indicates the target's preset location. This indicates the remaining preset positions corresponding to any second pulse signal. This represents any sampling frequency point in the frequency domain; then, based on the cross-power spectrum, the phase transformation weighting function of the first pulse signal and any second pulse signal is obtained. This phase transform weighting function retains only the phase information of the cross-power spectrum while suppressing its amplitude information, thereby eliminating the negative impacts of signal amplitude attenuation, frequency response unevenness, and noise interference on time delay estimation. Furthermore, based on the cross-power spectrum and the phase transform weighting function, the cross-correlation function between the first pulse signal and any second pulse signal can be obtained, i.e., any cross-correlation function... ,in, , Here, n represents the sampling period and the number of sampling frequency points. However, due to the complex electromagnetic environment inside the switchgear, severe distortion of the pulse leading edge, frequent reverberation interference, and problems such as broadening, blurring, and even shifting of the cross-correlation peak, peak point detection in related technologies cannot meet the requirements for positioning delay accuracy. Therefore, this embodiment introduces peak sharpness. By calculating the normalized steepness of the main peak region of the cross-correlation function, it determines whether the correlation result is affected by noise or multipath propagation, thereby calculating a corresponding target offset for each second pulse signal, i.e., the precise arrival time difference between the second pulse signal and the first pulse signal. The peak sharpness of any cross-correlation function can be obtained as follows: ,in, This represents the sampling point corresponding to the peak point in any cross-correlation function. This indicates the sampling point preceding the peak point. This indicates the sampling point following the peak point. Represent any cross-correlation function, This indicates the peak amplitude corresponding to the peak point. This indicates the peak amplitude corresponding to the sampling point preceding the peak point. This represents the peak amplitude corresponding to the sampling point following the peak point. Finally, all target offsets are integrated into a complete time delay feature, which can be obtained as a vector. The time delay vector is represented as follows: , where any element in the time delay vector , K represents the offset of any target, and K represents the number of multiple second pulse signals.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, multiple target offsets are determined based on multiple cross-correlation functions and the peak sharpness corresponding to each of the multiple cross-correlation functions, including: if the peak sharpness of any cross-correlation function is greater than a preset sharpness, then, based on any cross-correlation function, any one of the multiple target offsets is determined in the following manner:

[0039] ;

[0040] in, This represents the offset of any target. This represents the sampling point corresponding to the peak point in any cross-correlation function. This indicates the sampling point preceding the peak point. This indicates the sampling point following the peak point. Represent any cross-correlation function, Indicates the target's preset location. This indicates the remaining preset positions corresponding to the second pulse signal. This indicates the peak amplitude corresponding to the peak point. This indicates the peak amplitude corresponding to the sampling point preceding the peak point. This represents the peak amplitude corresponding to the sampling point following the peak point; or, if the peak sharpness of any cross-correlation function is less than or equal to a preset sharpness, the target offset is determined based on any cross-correlation function in the following manner:

[0041] ;

[0042] in, This represents the offset of any target. This represents the sampling point corresponding to the peak point in any cross-correlation function. This represents the number of sampling points offset from the peak point, where m represents the index of the predetermined number of sampling points. Represent any cross-correlation function, Indicates the target's preset location. This indicates the remaining preset positions corresponding to the second pulse signal. The peak amplitude corresponding to a predetermined number of sampling points representing the offset peak point; multiple target offsets are obtained by using the method of obtaining any target offset.

[0043] Optionally, based on multiple cross-correlation functions and the peak sharpness corresponding to each cross-correlation function, two different subsampling interpolation strategies are adaptively selected to accurately calculate any target offset. Specifically, when the peak sharpness of any cross-correlation function is greater than a preset sharpness, it indicates that the waveform of the second pulse signal corresponding to the preset position is clear and the main peak is steep. At this time, the three-sampling-point parabolic interpolation method is adopted. Using the amplitude of the peak point and its two adjacent points, the subsampling-level peak position on the continuous time axis is accurately calculated through quadratic fitting, thereby obtaining the target offset. Conversely, when the peak sharpness of any cross-correlation function is less than or equal to the preset sharpness, it indicates that the second pulse signal corresponding to the preset position has been severely contaminated by noise or strong multipath interference, with the main peak becoming broadened, distorted, or even exhibiting multi-peak interference. In this case, if parabolic interpolation is forcibly used, the offset will deviate significantly from the true value. Therefore, a five-point centroid interpolation method is adopted instead. This method involves weighted averaging of the amplitude within a local region centered on the peak point and extending a predetermined number of sampling points above and below it, replacing the geometric peak with the energy centroid. This allows for a stable estimation of the average offset trend and the determination of the target offset even in harsh environments with blurred waveforms and dominated by noise. The two methods for determining the target offset are intelligently switched using peak sharpness as an adaptive criterion, ensuring reliable and continuous target offset output from clear pulses with high signal-to-noise ratios to distorted signals with low signal-to-noise ratios. This achieves adaptive optimization of partial discharge pulse delay estimation in complex electromagnetic environments, preventing the positioning results from becoming inaccurate due to environmental fluctuations.

[0044] Step S110: Based on the time delay characteristics and the position coordinates corresponding to each of the multiple preset positions, determine the target partial discharge position coordinates of the target switchgear. The target partial discharge position coordinates are used to indicate the position of the partial discharge source corresponding to the partial discharge characteristics in the target switchgear.

[0045] Optionally, based on the physical mapping relationship between time delay characteristics and the position coordinates of multiple preset locations, the target partial discharge position coordinates are finally obtained. These target partial discharge position coordinates can accurately indicate the real coordinate position of the partial discharge source in the switchgear. This process can achieve accurate mapping from signal arrival time difference to physical spatial coordinates, breaking through the bottleneck of positioning methods in related technologies that rely on human experience and have large errors. This enables maintenance personnel to quickly locate the discharge point inside the narrow switchgear, significantly improving fault diagnosis efficiency and maintenance safety, thereby providing core technical support that can be implemented in engineering for online monitoring and condition-based maintenance of smart distribution networks.

[0046] In one optional embodiment, the target partial discharge location coordinates of the target switchgear are determined based on time delay characteristics and the location coordinates corresponding to multiple preset locations. This includes: obtaining a partial discharge location model corresponding to the partial discharge location coordinates based on time delay characteristics, the location coordinates corresponding to multiple preset locations, and the partial discharge location coordinates of the target switchgear; wherein the partial discharge location model is used to indicate the distance difference relationship between the location corresponding to the partial discharge location coordinates and the multiple preset locations; determining the initial partial discharge location coordinates of the target switchgear based on the partial discharge location model; and obtaining the target partial discharge location coordinates based on the partial discharge location model and the initial partial discharge location coordinates.

[0047] Optionally, based on time delay characteristics and the location coordinates of multiple preset locations, this embodiment first establishes a partial discharge localization model describing the distance difference between the coordinates of the partial discharge location to be determined and each preset location. This partial discharge localization model is in the form of a system of equations. Any partial discharge localization equation in the following form can be constructed. ,in, It is represented as the propagation path difference between the local discharge source and the target preset position and any other preset position; the time delay feature is in vector form. is any element in the time delay vector; Indicates the target's preset location; The index represents any other preset position; x represents the x-coordinate in the coordinates of the partial discharge position to be determined. This represents the ordinate in the coordinate system for determining the location of the partial discharge; This represents the vertical coordinate in the coordinate system of the partial discharge location to be determined; This represents the x-coordinate of the target's preset position; This represents the ordinate in the position coordinates of the target's preset location; This represents the vertical coordinate in the position coordinates of the target's preset position; The x-coordinate of any other preset position; The ordinate of any other preset position; Represents the vertical coordinate in the position coordinates of any other preset position; This represents the propagation speed of the pulse signal. By obtaining any partial discharge location equation, multiple partial discharge location equations can be obtained from the partial discharge location equation set. Furthermore, to efficiently solve this partial discharge location equation set, the Chan-Taylor cooperative algorithm is employed. Specifically, firstly, the Chan algorithm is used to linearize any partial discharge location equation in the partial discharge location equation set by introducing an intermediate variable, namely the distance between the partial discharge source and any other preset location. Transform any partial discharge localization equation into ,in, Next, the same linearization process is applied to multiple partial discharge location equations. The linearized partial discharge location equations are then solved to obtain the initial partial discharge location coordinates. Although these initial coordinates exhibit some deviation under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions, they possess advantages such as no initial value dependence, stable convergence, and high computational efficiency, providing a reliable starting point for subsequent iterations. Furthermore, using these initial partial discharge location coordinates as the initial point, a first-order Taylor expansion is performed on the partial discharge location model to finally obtain the target partial discharge location coordinates. This embodiment, through the Chan-Taylor collaborative mechanism, not only avoids the divergence risk caused by inaccurate initial values ​​in the pure Taylor method but also overcomes the accuracy degradation defect of the pure Chan method in complex electromagnetic environments. This ensures that the final output target partial discharge location coordinates not only converge mathematically to the optimal solution but also possess strong stability in engineering applications, resisting interference, multipath propagation, and noise.

[0048] In one alternative embodiment, Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an optional method for determining the coordinates of a target partial discharge location according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, based on the partial discharge localization model and the initial partial discharge location coordinates, the target partial discharge location coordinates are obtained, including:

[0049] Step S202: Based on the initial partial discharge position coordinates, perform a first-order Taylor expansion on the partial discharge location model to obtain the error model of the initial partial discharge position coordinates. The error model is used to indicate the relationship between the measured time delay and the theoretical time delay calculated based on the initial partial discharge position coordinates.

[0050] Step S204: Based on the error model, obtain the position correction amount of the initial partial discharge position coordinates, wherein the position correction amount is used to indicate the coordinate offset that needs to be adjusted for the initial partial discharge position coordinates;

[0051] Step S206: Based on the position correction amount and the initial partial discharge position coordinates, the optimized partial discharge position coordinates are obtained, where the optimized partial discharge position coordinates represent the partial discharge position coordinates after position correction of the initial partial discharge position coordinates.

[0052] Step S208: Use the optimized partial discharge position coordinates as the new initial partial discharge position coordinates, and repeat the first-order Taylor expansion operation until a preset termination condition is reached. The preset termination condition includes at least one of the following: the position correction amount is less than a preset convergence threshold, or a preset number of iterations.

[0053] Step S210: Based on the optimized partial discharge position coordinates obtained when the preset termination condition is met, the target partial discharge position coordinates are obtained.

[0054] Optionally, this embodiment, based on the obtained initial partial discharge location coordinates, introduces an iterative refinement mechanism based on first-order Taylor expansion to construct a closed-loop optimization process from coarse estimation to high-precision positioning. Specifically, firstly, based on the partial discharge positioning model, the initial partial discharge location coordinates are calculated, and the partial discharge positioning model is processed by first-order Taylor expansion to obtain the error model in the following form. ,in, The residual vector represents the difference between the measured time delay corresponding to the target preset position and any other preset position under the initial partial discharge position coordinates and the theoretical time delay estimated based on the initial partial discharge position coordinates. The Jacobian matrix is ​​represented by any element of the Jacobian matrix, which represents the partial derivative of the initial partial discharge position coordinates with respect to any coordinate direction in the three-dimensional coordinates of the discharge source. This represents the correction vector for the position to be determined; x represents the lateral correction amount in the position correction vector to be determined; This represents the vertical correction amount in the position correction vector to be determined; This represents the vertical correction amount in the position correction vector to be determined; Let represent a noise vector, where each element represents the interference included in the time delay measurement process between the target preset position and any other preset position. This error model is the projection of the deviation between the initial partial discharge position coordinates and the true partial discharge position coordinates in the time delay space. Next, this error model is solved to obtain an optimal position correction, which is in vector form. This position correction vector indicates the direction and magnitude of the initial partial discharge position coordinates to be moved horizontally, vertically, and laterally in space, thereby achieving directional correction of the initial partial discharge position coordinates and obtaining optimized partial discharge position coordinates that are closer to the true value. Furthermore, this optimized coordinate is used as a new iteration starting point, and the first-order Taylor expansion process is repeated to form an iterative refinement closed loop. Each iteration gradually approaches the global optimal solution of the nonlinear model. This iterative process continues until the magnitude of the position correction is less than a preset convergence threshold, or the maximum number of iterations is reached. The optimized coordinates at this point are the final target partial discharge position coordinates. By combining the mathematical advantages of Taylor expansion in accurately approximating nonlinear systems in local neighborhoods, and by using an iterative mechanism to avoid the problem of severe accuracy degradation of simple closed-form solutions under low signal-to-noise ratios, the stability and accuracy of positioning results can be significantly improved, thereby enabling the continuous output of reliable power supply spatial coordinates in the complex multipath interference and noise background inside the switch cabinet.

[0055] Through the above steps S102 to S110, the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of the target switchgear can be extracted, and the same source pulse signal set can be determined based on all the target pulse signals. The time delay characteristics of the same source pulse signal set can be further determined to accurately determine the target partial discharge position coordinates. This achieves the technical effect of improving the partial discharge position positioning accuracy of the switchgear, and solves the technical problem of low partial discharge positioning accuracy of the switchgear caused by relying on a single threshold to detect the pulse arrival time when facing the complex electromagnetic environment inside the switchgear.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments and optional embodiments, the present invention proposes an optional implementation method. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an optional partial discharge location method for a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the method includes:

[0057] S1: Synchronous acquisition and preprocessing of multi-channel pulse signals, specifically including: sampling the initial partial discharge pulse signal at multiple preset locations in the switch cabinet using sensors; performing preprocessing processes such as bandpass filtering and wavelet transform on the acquired initial partial discharge pulse signal to obtain candidate partial discharge pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple preset locations; extracting pulse signal segments from the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals to obtain multiple target pulse signals. The specific implementation process is the same as in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0058] S2: Grouping and truncation of homologous pulses, specifically including: extracting features from multiple target pulse signals to obtain multiple pulse features, wherein the pulse features include, but are not limited to, envelope peak value, half-peak width, rise time, and energy centroid shift; taking the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio as the target preset position; calculating the Mahalanobis distance between the pulse features corresponding to the other preset positions and the pulse features of the target preset position; determining that the target pulse signals corresponding to the other preset positions and the target pulse signals corresponding to the target preset position are homologous pulses only when the Mahalanobis distance is less than the preset Mahalanobis distance, thus obtaining a set of homologous pulse signals. The specific implementation process is the same as in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0059] S3: High-precision time delay estimation based on cross-correlation analysis, specifically including: using the target preset position as a reference, calculating the cross-correlation function for multiple other preset positions respectively, thereby calculating the peak sharpness, and selecting parabolic interpolation or five-point centroid interpolation method according to the peak sharpness to determine the target offset between the target preset position and the corresponding other preset positions, and finally obtaining the time delay characteristics of the same source pulse signal set. The specific implementation process is the same as the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0060] S4: Preliminary localization based on the Chan algorithm, specifically including: converting time delay features into propagation path differences, constructing a partial discharge localization model containing the coordinates of the partial discharge location to be determined, solving the partial discharge localization model to obtain the initial partial discharge location coordinates of the switch cabinet, and using the initial partial discharge location coordinates as the initial point of Taylor iteration. The specific implementation process is the same as the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0061] S5: Refine the position based on Taylor series expansion and output the discharge source positioning result. Specifically, this includes: performing a first-order Taylor expansion on the partial discharge positioning model based on the initial partial discharge position coordinates, establishing an error model containing the position correction amount to be determined, solving the error model to obtain the position correction amount, thereby determining the optimized partial discharge position coordinates after position correction, repeating the first-order Taylor expansion operation until a preset termination condition is reached, and finally determining that the optimized partial discharge position coordinates obtained when the preset termination condition is reached are the target partial discharge position coordinates. The specific implementation process is the same as the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0062] This embodiment can achieve at least one of the following effects: (1) By combining waveform cross-correlation technology with intelligent optimization algorithms, and replacing single-point moment detection in correlation technology with high-precision time delay estimation at the sub-sampling point level, the positioning error problem caused by pulse leading-edge distortion and noise interference can be fundamentally solved; (2) The method of this embodiment does not require upgrading the hardware synchronization system, and all core algorithms can run in real time on existing portable detection instruments, which has the outstanding advantages of high-precision positioning, strong environmental robustness, low deployment cost, and high interpretability. By performing waveform cross-correlation analysis and particle swarm optimization iterative calculation between multiple sensor channels, the location of the power supply can be accurately locked in the complex structure inside the switch cabinet, which fully meets the actual needs of on-site maintenance personnel for rapid fault finding and accurate repair; (3) The promotion and application of the method for locating the location of the power supply in this embodiment will greatly improve the intelligent level of switch cabinet status perception and fault diagnosis, and provide key technical support for the digital transformation of power distribution network equipment operation and maintenance.

[0063] This embodiment also provides a partial discharge locating device for a switchgear, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the terms "module" and "device" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus embodiment for implementing the above-described partial discharge location method for switchgear is also provided. Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a partial discharge locating device for a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the partial discharge location device for the switchgear includes: a candidate partial discharge pulse signal acquisition module 400, a target pulse signal determination module 402, a homogeneous pulse signal set determination module 404, a time delay characteristic determination module 406, and a target partial discharge position coordinate determination module 408, wherein:

[0065] The candidate partial discharge pulse signal acquisition module 400 is used to acquire multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of the target switchgear. The multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals correspond one-to-one with multiple preset positions in the target switchgear. The candidate partial discharge pulse signals are obtained by preprocessing the initial partial discharge pulse signals acquired at the corresponding preset positions.

[0066] The target pulse signal determination module 402 is connected to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal acquisition module 400 and is used to determine the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals. The target pulse signal is used to indicate the pulse signal segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset amplitude and whose duration of being greater than the preset amplitude exceeds a preset duration.

[0067] The same source pulse signal set determination module 404 is connected to the target pulse signal determination module 402 and is used to determine the same source pulse signal set of the target switch cabinet based on the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals. The same source pulse signal set includes the target pulse signal that matches the partial discharge characteristics.

[0068] The delay feature determination module 406 is connected to the same source pulse signal set determination module 404 and is used to determine the delay feature of the same source pulse signal set. The delay feature is used to indicate the pulse propagation delay of the second pulse signal in the same source pulse signal set relative to the first pulse signal. The first pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the target preset position among multiple preset positions. The second pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the other preset positions besides the target preset position among multiple preset positions. The target preset position represents the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the largest signal-to-noise ratio among multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals.

[0069] The target partial discharge location coordinate determination module 408, together with the time delay feature determination module 406, is used to determine the target partial discharge location coordinates of the target switchgear based on the time delay features and the location coordinates corresponding to multiple preset locations. The target partial discharge location coordinates are used to indicate the location of the partial discharge source corresponding to the partial discharge feature in the target switchgear.

[0070] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For example, for the latter, it can be implemented in the following ways: the above modules can be located in the same processor; or the above modules can be located in different processors in any combination.

[0071] It should be noted that the candidate partial discharge pulse signal acquisition module 400, target pulse signal determination module 402, homogeneous pulse signal set determination module 404, time delay feature determination module 406, and target partial discharge position coordinate determination module 408 mentioned above correspond to steps S102 to S110 in the embodiments. The instances and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the above embodiments. It should be noted that the above modules, as part of the device, can run in a computer terminal.

[0072] It should be noted that the optional or preferred implementation methods of this embodiment can be found in the relevant descriptions in the embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] The partial discharge positioning device of the switchgear described above may also include a processor and a memory. The candidate partial discharge pulse signal acquisition module 400, the target pulse signal determination module 402, the same source pulse signal set determination module 404, the time delay characteristic determination module 406, and the target partial discharge position coordinate determination module 408 are all stored in the memory as program modules. The processor executes the program modules stored in the memory to realize the corresponding functions.

[0074] The processor contains a core that retrieves the corresponding program modules from memory. One or more cores may be configured. Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0075] According to an embodiment of this application, an embodiment of a non-volatile storage medium is also provided. Optionally, in this embodiment, the non-volatile storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, it controls the device containing the non-volatile storage medium to execute any of the aforementioned partial discharge location methods for switchgear.

[0076] Optionally, in this embodiment, the non-volatile storage medium may be located in any computer terminal in a group of computer terminals in a computer network, or in any mobile terminal in a group of mobile terminals, and the non-volatile storage medium includes stored programs.

[0077] Optionally, during program execution, the device containing the non-volatile storage medium performs the following functions: acquiring multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of the target switchgear, wherein each candidate partial discharge pulse signal corresponds one-to-one with multiple preset locations in the target switchgear, and the candidate partial discharge pulse signals are obtained by preprocessing the initial partial discharge pulse signals acquired at the corresponding preset locations; determining the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the target pulse signal is used to indicate a pulse signal segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset amplitude and whose duration of being greater than the preset amplitude exceeds a preset duration; and determining the set of homologous pulse signals of the target switchgear based on the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the set of homologous pulse signals includes those related to the partial discharge pulse signals. The target pulse signal for discharge feature matching is determined; the time delay characteristics of the set of pulse signals from the same source are determined, wherein the time delay characteristics are used to indicate the pulse propagation time delay of the second pulse signal relative to the first pulse signal in the set of pulse signals from the same source, the first pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the target preset position among multiple preset positions, the second pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the other preset positions besides the target preset position among multiple preset positions, and the target preset position represents the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the largest signal-to-noise ratio among multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals; based on the time delay characteristics and the position coordinates corresponding to each of the multiple preset positions, the target partial discharge position coordinates of the target switchgear are determined, wherein the target partial discharge position coordinates are used to indicate the position of the partial discharge source corresponding to the partial discharge feature in the target switchgear.

[0078] According to an embodiment of this application, an embodiment of a processor is also provided. Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor is used to run a program, wherein the program executes any of the aforementioned partial discharge location methods for switchgear.

[0079] According to an embodiment of this application, an embodiment of a computer program product is also provided. Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the partial discharge location method for switchgear described above.

[0080] Optionally, when the above-mentioned computer program product is executed on a data processing device, it is suitable to execute an initialization program with the following method steps: acquiring multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of the target switchgear, wherein the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals correspond one-to-one with multiple preset positions in the target switchgear, and the candidate partial discharge pulse signals are obtained by preprocessing the initial partial discharge pulse signals acquired at the corresponding preset positions; determining the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the target pulse signal is used to indicate a pulse signal segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset amplitude and whose duration of being greater than the preset amplitude exceeds a preset duration; and determining a set of homogeneous pulse signals of the target switchgear based on the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the homogeneous pulse signals... The signal set includes target pulse signals that match the partial discharge characteristics; the time delay characteristics of the same source pulse signal set are determined, wherein the time delay characteristics are used to indicate the pulse propagation time delay of the second pulse signal in the same source pulse signal set relative to the first pulse signal, the first pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at a target preset position among multiple preset positions, the second pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the other preset positions among multiple preset positions excluding the target preset position, and the target preset position represents the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the largest signal-to-noise ratio among multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals; based on the time delay characteristics and the position coordinates corresponding to each of the multiple preset positions, the target partial discharge position coordinates of the target switchgear are determined, wherein the target partial discharge position coordinates are used to indicate the position of the partial discharge source corresponding to the partial discharge characteristics in the target switchgear.

[0081] like Figure 5As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an electronic device 10, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it performs the following steps: acquiring multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of a target switchgear, wherein each candidate partial discharge pulse signal corresponds one-to-one with multiple preset locations in the target switchgear, and the candidate partial discharge pulse signals are obtained by preprocessing initial partial discharge pulse signals acquired at the corresponding preset locations; determining the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the target pulse signal indicates a pulse signal segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset amplitude and whose duration of the amplitude exceeds a preset duration; and determining the homogeneous pulses of the target switchgear based on the target pulse signals corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals. The system comprises: a set of pulse signals, wherein the set of pulse signals originating from the same source includes a target pulse signal that matches the partial discharge characteristics; determining the time delay characteristics of the set of pulse signals originating from the same source, wherein the time delay characteristics are used to indicate the pulse propagation time delay of the second pulse signal in the set of pulse signals originating from the same source relative to the first pulse signal, wherein the first pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at a target preset position among multiple preset positions, and the second pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the other preset positions among multiple preset positions excluding the target preset position, wherein the target preset position represents the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio among multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals; and determining the target partial discharge position coordinates of the target switchgear based on the time delay characteristics and the position coordinates corresponding to each of the multiple preset positions, wherein the target partial discharge position coordinates are used to indicate the position of the partial discharge source corresponding to the partial discharge characteristics in the target switchgear.

[0082] The order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0083] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0084] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of modules described above can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, or indirect coupling or communication connection between modules, and may be electrical or other forms.

[0085] The modules described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. Similarly, the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0086] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules.

[0087] If the aforementioned integrated modules are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable non-volatile storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a non-volatile storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned non-volatile storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0088] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for locating partial discharge in a switchgear, characterized in that, include: Multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of the target switchgear are acquired, wherein the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals correspond one-to-one with multiple preset positions in the target switchgear, and the candidate partial discharge pulse signals are obtained by preprocessing the initial partial discharge pulse signals acquired at the corresponding preset positions. Determine the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the plurality of candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the target pulse signal is used to indicate a pulse signal segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset amplitude and whose duration of being greater than the preset amplitude exceeds a preset duration; Based on the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the plurality of candidate partial discharge pulse signals, a set of common pulse signals of the target switchgear is determined, wherein the set of common pulse signals includes the target pulse signal that matches the partial discharge characteristics; Determine the time delay characteristics of the set of homologous pulse signals, wherein the time delay characteristics are used to indicate the pulse propagation time delay of the second pulse signal in the set of homologous pulse signals relative to the first pulse signal, the first pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the target preset position among the plurality of preset positions, the second pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the other preset positions besides the target preset position among the plurality of preset positions, and the target preset position represents the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the largest signal-to-noise ratio among the plurality of candidate partial discharge pulse signals; Based on the time delay characteristics and the position coordinates corresponding to the plurality of preset positions, the target partial discharge position coordinates of the target switchgear are determined, wherein the target partial discharge position coordinates are used to indicate the position of the partial discharge source corresponding to the partial discharge characteristics in the target switchgear.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When there are multiple remaining preset positions, determining the set of homologous pulse signals for the target switchgear based on the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals includes: Feature extraction is performed on the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals to obtain multiple pulse features, wherein the multiple pulse features correspond one-to-one with the multiple target pulse signals, and the pulse features are used to indicate the waveform features of the corresponding target pulse signal; The pulse feature corresponding to the preset position of the target among the plurality of pulse features is identified as the first pulse feature; Among the plurality of pulse features, the pulse features corresponding to each of the plurality of other preset positions are determined to be a plurality of second pulse features; Based on the first pulse feature and the plurality of second pulse features, the set of pulse signals originating from the same source is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the set of homologous pulse signals based on the first pulse feature and the plurality of second pulse features includes: Based on the first pulse feature and the plurality of second pulse features, a plurality of target Mahalanobis distances corresponding to the first pulse feature are obtained, wherein the plurality of target Mahalanobis distances correspond one-to-one with the plurality of second pulse features, and the target Mahalanobis distances are used to indicate the degree of correlation between the first pulse feature and the corresponding second pulse feature; Among the plurality of target Mahalanobis distances, the second pulse feature corresponding to the target Mahalanobis distance that is smaller than the preset Mahalanobis distance is taken as the target pulse feature corresponding to the first pulse feature; Based on the target pulse signal corresponding to the target pulse feature and the target pulse signal corresponding to the first pulse feature, the set of homologous pulse signals is obtained.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When there are multiple second pulse signals, determining the time delay characteristics of the set of homologous pulse signals includes: Based on the first pulse signal and multiple second pulse signals of the same source pulse signal set, multiple cross-correlation functions of the same source pulse signal set are determined, wherein the multiple cross-correlation functions correspond one-to-one with the multiple second pulse signals, and the cross-correlation functions are used to indicate the degree of correlation between the first pulse signal and the corresponding second pulse signal; Determine the peak sharpness corresponding to each of the plurality of cross-correlation functions, wherein the peak sharpness is used to indicate the steepness of the peak point in the corresponding cross-correlation function; Based on the plurality of cross-correlation functions and the peak sharpness corresponding to each of the plurality of cross-correlation functions, a plurality of target offsets are determined, wherein the plurality of target offsets correspond one-to-one with the plurality of cross-correlation functions, and the target offsets are used to indicate the pulse arrival time difference of the corresponding second pulse signal relative to the first pulse signal; The time delay characteristics are obtained based on the multiple target offsets.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of multiple target offsets based on the multiple cross-correlation functions and the peak sharpness corresponding to each of the multiple cross-correlation functions includes: If the peak sharpness of any cross-correlation function among the plurality of cross-correlation functions is greater than a preset sharpness, then, based on any cross-correlation function, any one of the plurality of target offsets is determined in the following manner: ； in, This represents the offset of any of the aforementioned targets. This represents the sampling point corresponding to the peak point in any of the cross-correlation functions. This indicates the sampling point preceding the peak point. This indicates the sampling point following the peak point. Let represent any of the cross-correlation functions. Indicates the preset position of the target. This indicates the remaining preset positions corresponding to the second pulse signal. This indicates the peak amplitude corresponding to the peak point. This indicates the peak amplitude corresponding to the sampling point preceding the peak point. This represents the peak amplitude corresponding to the next sampling point after the peak point; or If the peak sharpness of any cross-correlation function is less than or equal to the preset sharpness, the target offset is determined based on the cross-correlation function in the following manner: ； in, This represents the offset of any of the aforementioned targets. This represents the sampling point corresponding to the peak point in any of the cross-correlation functions. This indicates the sampling point offset from the peak point by a predetermined number of sampling points, where m represents the index of the predetermined number of sampling points. Let represent any of the cross-correlation functions. Indicates the preset position of the target. This indicates the remaining preset positions corresponding to the second pulse signal. This represents the peak amplitude corresponding to the sampling point that is offset from the peak point by the predetermined number of sampling points; The multiple target offsets are obtained by using the method of obtaining any one of the target offsets.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the target partial discharge location coordinates of the target switchgear based on the time delay characteristics and the location coordinates corresponding to each of the multiple preset locations includes: Based on the time delay characteristics, the position coordinates corresponding to each of the multiple preset positions, and the partial discharge position coordinates of the target switch cabinet, a partial discharge positioning model corresponding to the partial discharge position coordinates is obtained. The partial discharge positioning model is used to indicate the distance difference relationship between the position corresponding to the partial discharge position coordinates and the multiple preset positions. Based on the partial discharge location model, the initial partial discharge location coordinates of the target switchgear are determined; Based on the partial discharge localization model and the initial partial discharge location coordinates, the target partial discharge location coordinates are obtained.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the target partial discharge location coordinates based on the partial discharge localization model and the initial partial discharge location coordinates includes: Based on the initial partial discharge location coordinates, a first-order Taylor expansion is performed on the partial discharge location model to obtain an error model of the initial partial discharge location coordinates. The error model is used to indicate the relationship between the measured time delay and the theoretical time delay calculated based on the initial partial discharge location coordinates. Based on the error model, the position correction amount of the initial partial discharge position coordinates is obtained, wherein the position correction amount is used to indicate the coordinate offset that needs to be adjusted for the initial partial discharge position coordinates; Based on the position correction amount and the initial partial discharge position coordinates, optimized partial discharge position coordinates are obtained, wherein the optimized partial discharge position coordinates represent the partial discharge position coordinates after position correction of the initial partial discharge position coordinates. The optimized partial discharge position coordinates are used as the new initial partial discharge position coordinates, and the first-order Taylor expansion operation is repeated until a preset termination condition is reached. The preset termination condition includes at least one of the following: the position correction amount is less than a preset convergence threshold, or a preset number of iterations. The target partial discharge position coordinates are obtained based on the optimized partial discharge position coordinates obtained when the preset termination condition is met.

8. A partial discharge locating device for a switchgear, characterized in that, include: A candidate partial discharge pulse signal acquisition module is used to acquire multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals of the target switchgear, wherein the multiple candidate partial discharge pulse signals correspond one-to-one with multiple preset positions in the target switchgear, and the candidate partial discharge pulse signals are obtained by preprocessing the initial partial discharge pulse signals acquired at the corresponding preset positions. The target pulse signal determination module is used to determine the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the plurality of candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the target pulse signal is used to indicate a pulse signal segment in the corresponding candidate partial discharge pulse signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset amplitude and whose duration of being greater than the preset amplitude exceeds a preset duration; A homogeneous pulse signal set determination module is used to determine the homogeneous pulse signal set of the target switchgear based on the target pulse signal corresponding to each of the plurality of candidate partial discharge pulse signals, wherein the homogeneous pulse signal set includes the target pulse signal that matches the partial discharge characteristics; A delay feature determination module is used to determine the delay feature of the set of homologous pulse signals, wherein the delay feature is used to indicate the pulse propagation delay of the second pulse signal in the set of homologous pulse signals relative to the first pulse signal, the first pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the target preset position among the plurality of preset positions, the second pulse signal represents the target pulse signal at the other preset positions besides the target preset position among the plurality of preset positions, and the target preset position represents the preset position corresponding to the candidate partial discharge pulse signal with the largest signal-to-noise ratio among the plurality of candidate partial discharge pulse signals; The target partial discharge location coordinate determination module is used to determine the target partial discharge location coordinates of the target switchgear based on the time delay characteristics and the location coordinates corresponding to the plurality of preset locations, wherein the target partial discharge location coordinates are used to indicate the location of the partial discharge power source corresponding to the partial discharge characteristics in the target switchgear.

9. A non-volatile storage medium, characterized in that, The non-volatile storage medium stores multiple instructions, which are adapted to be loaded by a processor and executed by the partial discharge location method for the switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes one or more processors and a memory, the memory being used to store one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to implement the partial discharge location method for switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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