An electrically operated arc-induced failure battery burn test device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of failed battery testing, in particular to a device for testing combustion of failed batteries induced by electrically broken arc, which comprises a main frame, a battery fixing mechanism, a power supply circuit, an electrode mechanism containing at least one conductive end part kept in an initial closed state of contact with a conductive contact part forming a part of the power supply circuit, a power transmission mechanism, and a jet flow inducing mechanism arranged in thermal contact with the power battery. The conductive contact part is a conductive end part of another electrode mechanism, and the two conductive end parts are kept in an initial closed state of contact with each other in the form of a tip at a predetermined spatial coordinate in the space domain. The testing device can be used in a testing scene simulating thermal runaway of a vehicle-mounted power battery induced by a broken arc due to loose connection, and can solve the problems that existing devices cannot electrically adjust the electrode breaking speed and cannot perform breakdown testing on jet flow substances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery failure testing technology, specifically to an electrically operated arc-induced combustion testing device for battery failure. Background Technology

[0002] During vehicle operation, vibrations and bumps can cause the busbars or connecting pieces of the on-board power battery system to become loose, resulting in increased local contact resistance. During continuous charging and discharging of high current, the loose connection will continue to heat up and generate local electric arcs. The instantaneous high temperature generated by the electric arc can directly ignite the surrounding flammable battery materials, ultimately inducing thermal runaway, fire, and explosion of the entire battery pack.

[0003] Existing testing methods for battery thermal runaway mostly rely on external triggering methods such as overcharging, over-discharging, nail penetration, and compression, which cannot reproduce the scenario where a loose connection in a vehicle-mounted power battery causes an arc breakage that induces thermal runaway. Therefore, the development of devices that simulate arc-induced battery thermal runaway has attracted research attention. Existing arc fault generation devices have limitations in analyzing the breakdown of jet materials in failed batteries, such as the inability to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the jet battery breakdown process and the inability to generate an electrified arc breakage.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a device that can generate an electrified, adjustable-speed interrupted arc and perform arc breakdown testing on the jet material generated by a failed battery, so as to more realistically recreate the complete accident scenario of loose connection generating interrupted arc and inducing thermal runaway.

[0005] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, an electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion test device is provided, which can be used in test scenarios simulating the runaway of vehicle power batteries caused by arc-induced thermal failure due to loose connections. This solves the problems of existing devices being unable to electrically adjust the electrode breaking speed and being unable to perform breakdown tests on jet materials.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, an electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion test device is provided, comprising: Main framework; A battery securing mechanism, which is installed at a predetermined position on the main frame, is configured to hold the test power battery in the predetermined position. The power supply circuit is configured to provide an adjustable output voltage; An electrode mechanism includes at least one conductive end, which is held in an initial closed state in contact with a conductive contact forming part of the power supply circuit; An electric drive mechanism is configured to receive control commands and drive the conductive end to linearly separate from the conductive contact at an adjustable separation speed, so that the gap generated during the separation process is broken down by the voltage of the power supply circuit to form a breaking arc. The jet induction mechanism is configured to be in thermal contact with the power battery so as to be selectively activated and actively trigger the power battery to undergo thermal runaway, and to spray a jet of material containing combustible gas from the pressure relief area of ​​the power battery into the space between the conductive end and the conductive contact part. The conductive contact portion is the conductive end of another electrode mechanism, and the two conductive ends are suspended and held at predetermined spatial coordinates within the spatial domain in an initial closed state with their tips in contact with each other.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the battery fixing mechanism aligns the pressure relief area of ​​the power battery with a preset arc generation space, and the two conductive ends are suspended and held in the arc generation space above the pressure relief area in an initial closed state with their tips in contact with each other.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the jet induction mechanism includes a heating element that contacts or is adjacent to the surface of the power battery in a manner that conducts heat into the interior of the power battery; the jet induction mechanism is arranged near the pressure relief area such that the ejection path of the jet material overlaps with the spatial domain of the separation gap between the two conductive ends.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the heating element is a high-power heating element with a power ≥ 300 W and a power density ≥ 5 W / cm³. 2 .

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the electric transmission mechanism includes: a drive motor configured to output a rotational motion with an adjustable angular velocity in response to a received control command; a transmission assembly connected to the rotational output end of the drive motor and converting the rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion; and a slider driven by the transmission assembly to move along a linear guide mechanism, the conductive end being fixed to the slider.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the transmission assembly includes a connecting rod, one end of which is eccentrically connected to the rotating shaft of the drive motor, and the other end is hinged to the slider, thereby forming a crank-slider mechanism.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the electric drive mechanism includes at least two sets of independently controlled motion units. Each set of motion units drives the corresponding conductive end to move in a predetermined direction. Through the control of the motion units, the two conductive ends can separate in at least one of the horizontal front-back direction, the horizontal left-right direction, and the vertical up-down direction, generating electric arcs with different spatial distribution patterns.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the power supply circuit includes a high-voltage DC power supply, the output voltage of which is continuously adjustable in the range of 0 to 1500V; the output terminal of the high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the electrode mechanism via a sliding rheostat, the resistance of which is configured to be adjustable between 10Ω and 30Ω.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the testing device further includes a temperature measurement system, which includes multiple temperature sensors and a data acquisition device connected to the temperature sensors. The multiple temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the root of the tab of the power battery, on the housing surface facing the electrode mechanism, on the housing surface facing away from the electrode mechanism, and near the jet induction mechanism. The data acquisition device is configured to synchronously acquire the temperature signals of each temperature sensor at a sampling rate of not less than 10Hz. The data acquisition device is connected to the temperature sensor and the Hall sensor, and the Hall sensor is connected in series in the power supply circuit to measure the arc current and voltage.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the testing device further includes a laser-assisted positioning module, which includes a laser emitter fixedly mounted on the main frame or independent support. The laser emitter is configured to emit a crosshair or a spot of light to mark the spatial coordinates of the center of the pressure relief valve port of the power battery. The electric drive mechanism is configured to, in response to a positioning command during the test preparation phase, move the tip contact points of the two conductive ends to a position coinciding with the intersection of the spot of light or the crosshair, and record the coordinate values ​​of each motion axis at that position as a zero-position reference for the jet test.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following technical effects: This solution employs a jet induction mechanism that can actively trigger thermal runaway, and a pair of conductive ends that are suspended at specific spatial coordinates within the space domain where the separation gap is located, in an initial closed state with their tips in contact with each other. This solves the technical problem that existing technologies cannot perform controlled arc testing on the jet material generated after battery thermal runaway.

[0018] The active introduction of the jet induction mechanism establishes a complete and reproducible test condition from "active induction - jet ejection - arc breakdown ignition," extending the test object from the static battery casing to the dynamic thermal runaway ejection. The configuration of a pair of conductive ends in point-to-point contact and suspended at the separation gap within the jet space domain, unlike the contact method that breaks down the casing, establishes a controllable arc generation point along the jet ejection path. This allows the generated arc to directly act on the newly ejected high-temperature mixture containing combustible gas and particles when the electrically driven mechanism separates the conductive ends. This more realistically recreates the actual thermal runaway propagation failure scenario where a loose connection arc ignites surrounding combustible ejection, leading to fire expansion. The concentrated high electric field formed at the moment of separation by the electrode tip configuration reliably breaks down the jet medium and ignites it, providing a direct testing method for quantitatively assessing the ignition risk of the ejection by the arc.

[0019] This application can include multiple independent motion units working together to achieve multi-dimensional separation of electrodes, overcoming the limitation of existing technologies that can only separate along a single direction. Horizontal separation can simulate lateral ignition scenarios, and vertical separation can simulate axial ignition scenarios. This allows for a systematic study of the impact of the separation direction on the jet ignition process, providing a testing method for comprehensively evaluating the ignition risk under loose connection fracture modes.

[0020] This application can actively trigger continuous thermal runaway chemical reactions inside the power battery by precisely controlling the heating power and heating time of the high-power heating element.

[0021] The proposed solution enables the generation of an electrified, adjustable-speed, interrupted arc and provides a device for arc breakdown testing of jet materials generated by a failed battery, thereby more realistically recreating the complete accident scenario where loose connections generate interrupted arcs, leading to thermal runaway. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion test device according to some embodiments of this application; In the diagram: the spacing or dimensions between parts have been exaggerated to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only. Among them, 100 is the power battery; 101 is the battery tab; 102 is the jet material containing combustible gas; 201 is the left side clamp of the battery; 202 is the right side clamp of the battery; 203 is the heating element; 301 is the electrode mechanism; 401 is the drive motor; 402 is the connecting rod; 403 is the slider; 501 is the wire; 502 is the Hall sensor; 503 is the high voltage DC power supply; 504 is the sliding rheostat; and 600 is the computer. Detailed Implementation

[0024] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0025] In some embodiments of this application, an electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion test device is provided, comprising: Main framework; The battery fixing mechanism is installed at a predetermined position on the main frame and is configured to hold the test power battery 100 in the predetermined position. The power supply circuit is configured to provide an adjustable output voltage; The electrode mechanism 301 includes at least one conductive end, which is held in an initial closed state in contact with a conductive contact portion forming part of the power supply circuit. An electric drive mechanism is configured to receive control commands and drive the conductive end to linearly separate from the conductive contact at an adjustable separation speed, so that the gap generated during the separation process is broken down by the voltage of the power supply circuit to form a breaking arc. The jet induction mechanism is configured to make thermal contact with the power battery 100 so as to be selectively activated and actively trigger the power battery 100 to undergo thermal runaway, and to spray jet material 102 containing combustible gas from the pressure relief area of ​​the power battery 100 into the space domain where the separation gap between the conductive end and the conductive contact part is located. The conductive contact portion is the conductive end of another electrode mechanism 301, and the two conductive ends are suspended and held at predetermined spatial coordinates within the spatial domain in an initial closed state with their tips in contact with each other.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, the battery fixing mechanism aligns the pressure relief area of ​​the power battery 100 with a preset arc generation space domain, and the two conductive ends are suspended and held in the arc generation space domain above the pressure relief area in an initial closed state with their tips in contact with each other.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, the jet induction mechanism includes a heating element 203 that contacts or is adjacent to the surface of the power battery 100 in such a way as to conduct heat into the interior of the power battery 100; the jet induction mechanism is arranged near the pressure relief area such that the ejection path of the jet material overlaps with the spatial domain of the separation gap between the two conductive ends.

[0028] In some embodiments of this application, the heating element 203 is a high-power heating element with a power ≥ 300 W and a power density ≥ 5 W / cm³. 2 The high-power heating element is configured to cause the interior of the power battery 100 to undergo sequential processes after being powered on, including SEI membrane decomposition, separator shrinkage and melting leading to internal short circuit, positive electrode material decomposition and oxygen release, and electrolyte oxidation. This causes the internal temperature and pressure of the power battery 100 to rise sharply until the pressure relief valve opens, and the jet material containing at least one combustible gas among hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, and electrolyte vapor is ejected.

[0029] In some embodiments of this application, the electric transmission mechanism includes: a drive motor 401 configured to output a rotational motion with an adjustable angular velocity in response to a received control command; a transmission component connected to the rotational output end of the drive motor 401 and converting the rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion; and a slider 403 driven by the transmission component to move along a linear guide mechanism, wherein the conductive end is fixed to the slider 403.

[0030] In some embodiments of this application, the transmission assembly includes a connecting rod 402, one end of which is eccentrically connected to the rotating shaft of the drive motor 401, and the other end is hinged to the slider 403, thereby forming a crank-slider 403 mechanism. The angular velocity of the drive motor 401 and the separation linear velocity of the conductive end are functionally related through the eccentricity of the eccentric connection and the length of the connecting rod 402, so that the separation speed can be continuously adjusted within the range of 0.1 mm / s to 5 mm / s by adjusting the angular velocity of the drive motor 401.

[0031] In some embodiments of this application, the electric drive mechanism includes at least two sets of independently controlled motion units. The motion units are mounted on the main frame. Each set of motion units drives the corresponding conductive end to move in a predetermined direction. Through the control of the motion units, the two conductive ends can separate in at least one of the horizontal front-back direction, the horizontal left-right direction, and the vertical up-down direction, generating electric arcs with different spatial distribution patterns.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, the electric drive mechanism includes three sets of motion units, which are respectively configured to drive the conductive end to move along mutually orthogonal X-axis horizontal front-back direction, Y-axis horizontal left-right direction and Z-axis vertical up-down direction.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the electric drive mechanism further includes a multi-axis motion controller configured to receive parameters of the separation direction vector and resolve the parameters into velocity component commands for each axis to control the synchronous operation of each drive motor 401, so that the relative separation trajectories of the two conductive ends are synthesized into a spatial trajectory defined by the desired separation direction vector.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, the power supply circuit includes a high-voltage DC power supply 503, the output voltage of which is continuously adjustable in the range of 0 to 1500V; the output terminal of the high-voltage DC power supply 503 is connected to the electrode mechanism 301 via a sliding rheostat 504, the resistance of which is configured to be adjustable between 10Ω and 30Ω.

[0035] In some embodiments of this application, the testing device further includes a temperature measurement system, which includes multiple temperature sensors and a data acquisition device connected to the temperature sensors. The multiple temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the root of the battery tab 101 of the power battery 100, on the housing surface facing the electrode mechanism 301, on the housing surface facing away from the electrode mechanism 301, and near the jet induction mechanism. The data acquisition device is configured to synchronously acquire the temperature signals of each temperature sensor at a sampling rate of not less than 10Hz.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, the data acquisition device is connected to the temperature sensor and the Hall sensor 502, the Hall sensor 502 being connected in series in the power supply circuit for measuring arc current and voltage.

[0037] In some embodiments of this application, the testing device further includes a laser-assisted positioning module, which includes a laser emitter fixedly mounted on the main frame or independent support. The laser emitter is configured to emit a crosshair or a spot of light to mark the spatial coordinates of the center of the pressure relief valve port of the power battery 100. The electric drive mechanism is configured to, in response to a positioning command during the test preparation phase, move the tip contact points of the two conductive ends to a position coinciding with the intersection of the spot of light or the crosshair, and record the coordinate values ​​of each motion axis at that position as a zero-position reference for the jet test.

[0038] In some embodiments of this application, the high-voltage DC power supply 503 and sliding rheostat 504 of the power supply circuit, the drive motor 401 of the electric transmission mechanism, the heating element 203 of the jet induction mechanism, and the temperature measurement system are all configured to communicate with the computer 600; the computer 600 is internally loaded with a control module and a measurement and control module. The control module provides a user interface for setting the separation speed, separation direction vector, heating power, and output voltage parameters, and converts the parameters into control commands for each actuator; the measurement and control module collects the arc current, voltage, and temperature at each point in real time, and simultaneously calculates the arc resistance, arc power, and accumulated arc energy, and displays the calculation results visually.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the conductive end is conical, and its tip radius of curvature is set such that the electric field strength generated at the tip during the separation process can reduce the breakdown voltage threshold of the air or jet medium.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, the conical conductive end is made of copper, aluminum or magnesium metal, or is made of a tungsten, cerium-tungsten or thorium-tungsten composite coating coated on the surface of a metal substrate.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the battery fixing mechanism fixes the power battery 100 so that its pressure relief valve port is vertically upward or facing a specific direction, aligned with a preset arc generation space region. This arc generation space region is a virtual space area located above the pressure relief valve port, and the conductive end of the electrode mechanism 301 is suspended and positioned within this region.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the battery fixing mechanism is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, ceramic or a specific grade of engineering plastic to prevent creepage or breakdown during high-voltage discharge and to withstand the high temperatures generated when the battery burns.

[0043] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to the appendix. Figure 1The battery fixing mechanism secures the test power battery 100 in a predetermined position, and aligns the pressure relief area of ​​the power battery 100 with a preset arc generation space. The battery fixing mechanism includes a left battery clamping plate 201 and a right battery clamping plate 202. The left battery clamping plate 201 has a clamping surface adapted to the shape of the left side of the battery; the right battery clamping plate 202 also has a clamping surface adapted to the shape of the right side of the battery. The left battery clamping plate 201 and the right battery clamping plate 202 are arranged opposite to each other, and the distance between the two clamping plates is adjustable, for example, by a manual or electric screw mechanism or gear. The strip mechanism or pneumatic mechanism is used for adjustment to accommodate power batteries 100 of different sizes and models; the high-power heating element is a sheet-shaped heating element with a heating surface for contacting the power battery 100, and the heating surface faces the housing of the power battery 100; the electrode mechanism 301 includes two conductive ends, namely a first conical electrode and a second conical electrode, the conductive ends being configured as separable or movable contacts that form a conductive path in the power supply circuit; the two conductive ends are suspended in an initial closed state with their tips in contact with each other at predetermined spatial coordinates in the arc generation space above the pressure relief area.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, the electric transmission mechanism includes a drive motor 401, a transmission assembly, and a slider 403; the drive motor 401 is selected as a servo motor or a stepper motor; the transmission assembly connects the rotational output end of the drive motor 401 and the slider 403; the transmission assembly also includes a connecting rod 402, one end of which is mounted on the rotational shaft of the drive motor 401 via an eccentric wheel or a crank pin, and the other end is hinged to the slider 403 via a pin or a spherical bearing.

[0045] Because an electric drive mechanism is used to replace the non-adjustable manual or fixed-ratio mechanical link structure, the breaking speed becomes a controllable experimental variable, allowing for systematic study of the arc generation mechanism under different breaking rates.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, the power supply circuit includes a high-voltage DC power supply 503, a sliding rheostat 504, a Hall sensor 502, and a wire 501. The high-voltage DC power supply 503 provides an adjustable output voltage that is continuously adjustable from 0 to 1500 volts and a current that is in the range of 0 to 50 amps.

[0047] The output terminal of the high-voltage DC power supply 503 is connected to the electrode mechanism 301 via a sliding rheostat 504, forming a discharge circuit. The sliding rheostat 504 is a power-type adjustable resistor, whose resistance is configured to be adjusted between 10 ohms and 30 ohms. The sliding rheostat 504 is connected in series in the circuit, and its main function is to limit the short-circuit current of the circuit. Two wires 501 are connected to the first conical electrode and the second conical electrode, respectively.

[0048] In some embodiments of this application, the battery fixing mechanism includes a front clamp, a rear clamp, and two bolts. The front clamp and the rear clamp clamp the power battery 100 in the middle, and then the two bolts are used to clamp and fix the power battery 100 through the front clamp and the rear clamp.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, during the test, the first and second conical electrodes are brought into contact and their positions are adjusted to a specific location within the jet region, such as the distance from the battery valve port, thereby forming a high-voltage path. Next, the high-voltage DC power supply 503 is adjusted, and the resistance of the sliding rheostat is set between 10Ω and 30Ω to form circuit protection. Subsequently, the drive motor 401 is activated, causing the first and second conical electrodes to separate, inducing an electric arc. The separation process can be multi-dimensional, such as horizontally forward / backward, horizontally left / right, and vertically. Different arcs are formed through separation at different speeds and in multiple directions, breaking down the jet material and inducing its combustion. The Hall sensor 502 records the circuit current and voltage, calculates the arc resistance and power, and the temperature rise of the battery is obtained using a temperature sensor.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion testing device, characterized in that, include: Main framework; A battery securing mechanism, which is installed at a predetermined position on the main frame, is configured to hold the test power battery in the predetermined position. The power supply circuit is configured to provide a continuously adjustable output voltage; An electrode mechanism includes at least one conductive end, which is held in an initial closed state in contact with a conductive contact forming part of the power supply circuit; An electric drive mechanism is configured to receive control commands and drive the conductive end to linearly separate from the conductive contact at an adjustable separation speed, so that the gap generated during the separation process is broken down by the voltage of the power supply circuit to form a breaking arc. The jet induction mechanism is configured to be in thermal contact with the power battery so as to be selectively activated and actively trigger the power battery to undergo thermal runaway, and to spray a jet of material containing combustible gas from the pressure relief area of ​​the power battery into the space between the conductive end and the conductive contact part. The conductive contact portion is the conductive end of another electrode mechanism, and the two conductive ends are suspended and held at predetermined spatial coordinates within the spatial domain in an initial closed state with their tips in contact with each other. The conductive end is conical, and the radius of curvature of its tip is set such that the electric field strength generated at the tip during the separation process can reduce the breakdown voltage threshold of the air or jet medium. The angular velocity of the drive motor of the electric transmission mechanism and the offline velocity of the conductive end are established as a function relationship through the eccentricity of the eccentric connection and the length of the connecting rod. The separation speed is continuously adjustable within the range of 0.1 mm / s to 5 mm / s by adjusting the angular velocity of the drive motor. The jet induction mechanism is arranged near the pressure relief area so that the ejection path of the jet material overlaps with the spatial domain of the separation gap between the two conductive ends.

2. The electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery fixing mechanism aligns the pressure relief area of ​​the power battery with a preset arc generation space, and the two conductive ends are suspended and held in the arc generation space above the pressure relief area in an initial closed state with their tips in contact with each other.

3. The electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet induction mechanism includes a heating element that contacts or is adjacent to the surface of the power battery in a manner that conducts heat into the interior of the power battery; the jet induction mechanism is arranged near the pressure relief area such that the ejection path of the jet material overlaps with the spatial domain of the separation gap between the two conductive ends.

4. The electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion test device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heating element is a high-power heating element with a power ≥300 W and a power density ≥5 W / cm².

5. The electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric transmission mechanism includes: a drive motor configured to output a rotational motion with an adjustable angular velocity in response to a received control command; a transmission assembly connected to the rotational output end of the drive motor and converting the rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion; and a slider driven by the transmission assembly to move along a linear guide mechanism, the conductive end of which is fixed to the slider.

6. The electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion test device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a connecting rod, one end of which is eccentrically connected to the rotating shaft of the drive motor, and the other end is hinged to the slider, thereby forming a crank-slider mechanism.

7. The electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric drive mechanism includes at least two sets of independently controlled motion units. Each set of motion units drives the corresponding conductive end to move in a predetermined direction. Through the control of the motion units, the two conductive ends can separate in at least one of the horizontal front-back direction, horizontal left-right direction, and vertical up-down direction, generating electric arcs with different spatial distribution patterns.

8. The electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit includes a high-voltage DC power supply, the output voltage of which is continuously adjustable in the range of 0 to 1500V; the output terminal of the high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the electrode mechanism via a sliding rheostat, the resistance of which is configured to be adjustable between 10Ω and 30Ω.

9. The electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing device also includes a temperature measurement system, which includes multiple temperature sensors and a data acquisition device connected to the temperature sensors. The multiple temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the root of the tab of the power battery, on the housing surface facing the electrode mechanism, on the housing surface facing away from the electrode mechanism, and near the jet induction mechanism. The data acquisition device is configured to synchronously acquire the temperature signals of each temperature sensor at a sampling rate of not less than 10Hz. The data acquisition device is connected to the temperature sensor and the Hall sensor, and the Hall sensor is connected in series in the power supply circuit to measure the arc current and voltage.

10. The electrically operated arc-induced failure battery combustion testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing device also includes a laser-assisted positioning module, which includes a laser emitter fixedly mounted on the main frame or independent support. The laser emitter is configured to emit a crosshair or a spot of light to mark the spatial coordinates of the center of the pressure relief valve port of the power battery. The electric drive mechanism is configured to respond to a positioning command during the test preparation phase, move the tip contact points of the two conductive ends to a position that coincides with the intersection of the spot of light or the crosshair, and record the coordinate values ​​of each motion axis at that position as the zero-position reference for the jet test.

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