A method, device and system for high-precision detection of nuclear radiation

Abstract

This application relates to the field of nuclear radiation measurement technology, specifically to a high-precision nuclear radiation detection method, device, and system. The method includes: determining pulse confidence based on the difference between each peak in a suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal within a high-range counter tube; determining the suspected skewness of the voltage signal based on the time interval between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and its corresponding adjacent peak in the voltage signal within a low-range counter tube, combined with the time interval between all adjacent peaks in the voltage signal within the low-range counter tube, and the pulse confidence; and determining the dose rate of the nuclear radiation region to be measured based on the suspected skewness, the number of nuclear radiation pulse clusters, and the number of all elements in the suspected pulse clusters. This application solves the problem of inaccurate measurement at the range switching point of dual GM counter tubes, and improves the measurement accuracy of nuclear radiation dose rate by correcting the "dead time" error.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nuclear radiation measurement technology, specifically to a high-precision nuclear radiation detection method, device, and system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern technology, accelerator equipment is used in various fields, such as medical radiotherapy and industrial testing. When accelerators accelerate charged particles to high energies, their interaction with target materials generates nuclear radiation. Nuclear radiation is highly harmful to the human body; therefore, areas with nuclear radiation require high-precision monitoring to ensure public health and safety and prevent the contamination and spread of nuclear radiation. GM counters are widely used due to their high efficiency and convenience, but their inherent "dead time" effect limits their measurement range to only 3-4 orders of magnitude, failing to meet the needs of wide-range monitoring. To solve this problem, modern technology typically employs dual GM counters with high and low ranges for switching measurements.

[0003] Traditional dual-GM counter switching methods typically set a fixed threshold in the overlap region of their measurement ranges. When the radiation level is below the threshold, the lower-range counter is activated; when it is above the threshold, the higher-range counter is switched to. This threshold is generally taken as the midpoint of the overlap range. However, this hard-switching method has a significant drawback: when the radiation concentration approaches the boundary of the overlap region, the lower-range counter suffers from severe count omissions due to the "dead time" effect, while the higher-range counter exhibits significant statistical fluctuations due to a lower count rate. Therefore, in the critical region, regardless of which counter is used, the fixed threshold method can lead to significant deviations in the measurement results, reducing the accuracy of nuclear radiation dose rate measurements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a high-precision method for detecting nuclear radiation, the method comprising the following steps: A high-precision nuclear radiation detection device is set up in the area to be measured to obtain the voltage signals in the low- and high-range counting tubes of the high-precision nuclear radiation detection device. Cluster all peaks in the voltage signal within the low-range counter tube to screen out nuclear radiation pulse clusters and suspected pulse clusters; based on the difference between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal within the high-range counter tube, determine the deviation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster to determine the pulse confidence of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster. Based on the time interval between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and its adjacent peak at the corresponding position on the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube, the fluctuation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is determined. Combined with the time interval between all adjacent peaks in the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube and the pulse confidence, the pulse mutual exclusion of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is determined to determine the suspected skewness of the voltage signal. The dose rate of the region to be tested is determined based on the suspected skewness and the number of all elements in the nuclear radiation pulse cluster and the suspected pulse cluster.

[0005] Preferably, the screening of nuclear radiation pulse clusters and suspected pulse clusters includes: Calculate the mean of all peaks in each cluster, and sort all clusters in descending order of peak mean. The top two clusters in the results are denoted as the nuclear radiation pulse cluster and the suspected pulse cluster, respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the deviation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is the minimum difference between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal inside the high-range counter tube.

[0007] Preferably, the pulse confidence of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is the ratio of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster to the corresponding normalized deviation value.

[0008] Preferably, the fluctuation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is the minimum value of the time interval between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and its left and right adjacent peaks at the corresponding positions on the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube.

[0009] Preferably, the expression for the pulse mutual repulsion of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is: In the formula, This represents the pulse mutual exclusion degree of peak i in the suspected pulse cluster; This represents the minimum time interval between all adjacent pulses in the voltage signal within the low-range counter tube. This represents the volatility of peak value i within the suspected pulse cluster; represents the pulse confidence of peak i in the suspected pulse cluster; norm() represents the normalization function.

[0010] Preferably, the method for determining the suspected skewness of the voltage signal is as follows: The maximum value of the pulse mutual repulsion among all peaks in the suspected pulse cluster is used as the segmentation threshold, and the number of all peaks in the suspected pulse cluster whose pulse mutual repulsion is greater than or equal to the segmentation threshold is used as the suspected skewness of the voltage signal.

[0011] Preferably, the expression for the dose rate of the region to be tested for nuclear radiation is: In the formula, This indicates the dose rate of the area to be tested for nuclear radiation; Indicates the suspected skewness of the voltage signal; This represents the total amount of all elements in a nuclear radiation pulse cluster and a suspected pulse cluster; , These represent the dose rates measured by the high- and low-range counters, respectively. This indicates the preset correction factor.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a high-precision nuclear radiation detection device, wherein the device stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements a high-precision nuclear radiation detection method as described in any of the above claims.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a high-precision nuclear radiation detection system, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements any one of the above-described high-precision nuclear radiation detection methods.

[0014] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the high-precision nuclear radiation detection method provided in this application has at least the following beneficial effects: This application effectively separates suspected pulse clusters caused by the "dead time" effect in low-range counters using a clustering algorithm. Combined with standard pulses from high-range counters, it comprehensively evaluates the confidence level of each suspected nuclear radiation pulse from two dimensions: pulse amplitude and time synchronization. This accurately identifies real nuclear radiation events missed by traditional methods, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent precise dose rate correction. Furthermore, this application constructs pulse mutual exclusion by comprehensively analyzing the internal crowding degree and cross-tube synchronization of suspected pulses. This accurately quantifies the probability that each suspected nuclear radiation pulse is a real missed event within the "dead time." Finally, the suspected skewness, a macroscopic parameter, intuitively reflects the degree of dose rate underestimation caused by the "dead time" effect in low-range counters, providing a crucial basis for subsequent precise compensation correction. Finally, this application uses suspected skewness to dynamically evaluate the impact of the "dead time" effect in low-range counters and intelligently adjusts the weights of high- and low-range measurement results accordingly. Simultaneously, it performs precise compensation amplification on the low-range results, improving the measurement accuracy of nuclear radiation dose rate. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a high-precision nuclear radiation detection method provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a dose rate measurement process provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this application to achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of a high-precision nuclear radiation detection method, apparatus, and system proposed in this application. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0019] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of the high-precision nuclear radiation detection method, device, and system provided in this application.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a high-precision nuclear radiation detection method according to an embodiment of this application, which includes the following steps: S1: Set up a high-precision nuclear radiation detection device in the area to be tested for nuclear radiation, and obtain the voltage signals in the low-range and high-range counting tubes of the high-precision nuclear radiation detection device.

[0021] A high-precision nuclear radiation detection device includes a power supply, a low-range GM counter, a high-range GM counter, a high-voltage control circuit, a counter switching circuit, a concentration-dosage system, and indicator lights and buzzers. The power supply provides power to the entire device; the low-range and high-range GM counters are used for detection. The system processes radiation and converts the generated current signal into a voltage signal, which contains multiple pulses. A high-voltage control circuit provides the necessary high voltage for the two GM counters. A counter switching circuit intelligently switches between high-range and low-range GM counters based on the nuclear radiation concentration. A concentration dose system processes the voltage signal and converts it into a dose rate of nuclear radiation. An indicator light and buzzer issue an audible and visual alarm when the dose rate exceeds a preset threshold.

[0022] First, the high-precision nuclear radiation detection device is placed in the area of ​​nuclear radiation to be measured, and the original voltage signals from the low-range and high-range GM counters in the high-precision nuclear radiation detection device are collected respectively. The sampling frequency is set to f, which is 1000kHz in this embodiment. In actual applications, as other implementation methods, the implementer can set it according to the specific situation. This embodiment does not impose any special restrictions. Next, a filtering algorithm is used to denoise the original voltage signal. In order to eliminate the influence of dimensions, this embodiment normalizes the denoised voltage signal. Next, the denoised and normalized voltage signal is input into a pulse shaping circuit to convert the pulses in the voltage signal into standard square wave pulse signals. Thus, a pre-processed voltage signal is obtained. The pre-processed voltage signal is used as a concentration dose system to calculate the dose rate corresponding to the voltage signals measured by the low-range and high-range counters respectively.

[0023] It should be noted that there are many commonly used filtering algorithms and normalization methods. In this embodiment, the SG filtering algorithm is used to denoise the voltage signal, and the maximum-minimum normalization method is used to normalize the voltage signal. In practical applications, as other implementation methods, implementers may also use other filtering methods such as Gaussian filtering algorithm to denoise the voltage signal and z-score normalization method to normalize the voltage signal, depending on the specific circumstances. This embodiment does not impose any special restrictions on the selection of filtering algorithms and normalization methods.

[0024] The SG filtering algorithm and the maximum-minimum normalization method are both well-known techniques. The specific process of using the SG filtering algorithm to denoise the voltage signal and the specific process of using the maximum-minimum normalization method to normalize the voltage signal will not be described in detail here.

[0025] Additionally, in this embodiment, the switching logic between the low-range and high-range GM counters in the high-precision nuclear radiation detection device is as follows: First, both the high-range and low-range GM counters are simultaneously activated for a 1-second measurement. If the high-range dose rate is greater than or equal to... If the radiation scenario is high, the low-range GM counter is turned off and high-range data is used; if the low-range dose rate is less than or equal to If the radiation level is within a certain range, the scenario is considered low-radiation; the high-range GM counter is turned off, and low-range data is used. During this period, the system enters a dual-tube collaborative working mode, keeping both counting tubes on simultaneously to execute the high-precision correction algorithm in subsequent steps.

[0026] S2: The measurement error is quantified by analyzing the confidence and repulsion of suspected pulses, and the dose rate of the dual counter tubes is corrected accordingly to achieve high-precision detection of nuclear radiation.

[0027] The detection principle of the GM counter tube is based on gas ionization and electron avalanche effect: a single nuclear radiation particle can generate a strong current pulse. However, after each pulse, the anodic electric field inside the tube needs to undergo a recovery period, or "dead time," during which the counting function is temporarily disabled. It is worth noting that if a particle is incident during the "dead time," although a complete pulse cannot be formed, it will still excite a weak current signal. These weak peaks, which are ignored by traditional measurements, are precisely the information that affects the measurement accuracy and can be used.

[0028] In regions of moderate radiation intensity, the low-range GM counter frequently misses counts due to the "dead time" effect, while the high-range GM counter continues to function normally. Therefore, this embodiment utilizes this difference: when the low-range counter detects a weak peak, and this peak is time-synchronized with a standard pulse from the high-range counter, it can be determined that this weak peak represents a real nuclear radiation event masked by the "dead time." Thus, this embodiment quantifies the measurement error by analyzing the confidence and repulsion of suspected pulses, and accordingly corrects the dose rate of the dual counters, identifying and correcting these missed signals to improve the accuracy of dose rate measurement. A schematic diagram of the dose rate measurement process provided in this embodiment is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the specific measurement process is as follows: S2.1 Cluster all peaks in the voltage signal within the low-range counter tube to filter out nuclear radiation pulse clusters and suspected pulse clusters; Based on the difference between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal within the high-range counter tube, determine the deviation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster to determine the pulse confidence of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster.

[0029] During the simultaneous activation of the high and low range GM counters, the voltage signals of the low and high range GM counters are first used as inputs to the peak detection algorithm, and all peak values ​​in the output voltage signal are then processed.

[0030] Furthermore, in this embodiment, all peak values ​​in the voltage signal of the low-range GM counter are used as input to the clustering algorithm. The metric distance is set to the absolute difference between peak values, the number of clusters is set to 3, and all clusters are output.

[0031] In this embodiment, the mean of all peak values ​​in each cluster is calculated, and the top two clusters in the results of sorting all clusters in descending order of peak mean are denoted as the nuclear radiation pulse cluster and the suspected pulse cluster, respectively. These clusters are used to characterize the set of peak values ​​generated in the voltage signal due to nuclear radiation and the set of peak values ​​suspected to be generated in the voltage signal due to nuclear radiation.

[0032] It should be noted that there are many commonly used clustering algorithms. In this embodiment, the k-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster the peak values. In practical applications, as other implementation methods, implementers may also choose other clustering methods such as density clustering algorithm according to specific circumstances. This embodiment does not impose any special restrictions on the selection of clustering algorithms.

[0033] Among them, the k-means clustering algorithm is a well-known technique, and the specific process of using it to cluster peaks will not be elaborated here.

[0034] It should be noted that the reason why the number of clusters is set to 3 in this embodiment is that, from a physical point of view, the output signal of the GM counter in a complex radiation field naturally exists in three categories: the full nuclear radiation pulse with the highest amplitude, the real pulse with medium amplitude but weakened by the "dead time" effect, and the low pulse signal corresponding to non-nuclear radiation. These three types of signals have significant differences in value, which makes it possible for the k-means clustering algorithm to effectively separate the peak values ​​corresponding to these signals when the number of clusters is set to 3.

[0035] Furthermore, this embodiment determines the deviation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster based on the difference between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal within the high-range counter tube, thereby determining the pulse confidence of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster. Specifically: In this embodiment, the minimum difference between each peak value in the suspected pulse cluster and all peak values ​​in the voltage signal within the high-range counter tube is taken as the deviation of each peak value in the suspected pulse cluster.

[0036] It should be noted that there are many methods to measure the difference between data. In this embodiment, the absolute difference between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal in the high-range counter tube is taken as the difference between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal in the high-range counter tube. In practical applications, as other implementation methods, implementers may also use other methods to measure the difference, such as the square or ratio of the difference, depending on the specific circumstances. This embodiment does not impose any special restrictions.

[0037] Based on the deviation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster, it can be understood that the deviation reflects the best temporal alignment between a suspected nuclear radiation pulse in the low-range GM counter and all standard pulses in the high-range counter. In other words, the deviation represents the peak position deviation between each suspected nuclear radiation pulse in the low-range GM counter and the peak position of the pulse that is closest in time in the high-range GM counter. If the absolute difference between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal in the high-range counter is smaller, that is, the smaller the deviation, it means that the current peak has found a "twin" in the high-range GM counter, and the two occur almost simultaneously. This indicates that the pulse corresponding to the current peak is more likely to come from the same real nuclear radiation time. Conversely, if the absolute difference between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal in the high-range counter tube is larger, i.e. the deviation is larger, it means that the current peak cannot find any corresponding pulse in time in the high-range GM counter tube. It is more like an isolated interference signal that is unrelated to the real radiation event. This means that the pulse corresponding to the current peak is less likely to come from the same real nuclear radiation time.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the ratio of each peak value in the suspected pulse cluster to the corresponding normalized deviation value is used as the pulse confidence of each peak value in the suspected pulse cluster.

[0039] Based on the pulse confidence of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster, it can be understood that the pulse confidence is used to quantify the probability that each suspected pulse in the low-range GM counter is the actual nuclear radiation time. If the current peak is larger, it means that the pulse signal corresponding to the current peak is stronger and less like random noise. At the same time, if the deviation of the current peak is smaller, it means that the pulse signal corresponding to the current peak matches the standard pulse of the high-range GM counter more in time. Therefore, the higher the pulse confidence of the current peak, the more likely the pulse signal corresponding to the current peak is a real signal weakened by "dead time". Conversely, the smaller the current peak value, the weaker the pulse signal corresponding to the current peak value, and the more likely it is to be random noise. At the same time, the larger the deviation of the current peak value, the less the pulse signal corresponding to the current peak value matches the standard pulse of the high-range GM counter tube in time. Therefore, the lower the pulse confidence of the current peak value, the more likely the pulse signal corresponding to the current peak value is an interference signal unrelated to real nuclear radiation.

[0040] Thus, this embodiment effectively separates suspected pulse clusters generated by the "dead time" effect in low-range counters using a clustering algorithm, and combines them with standard pulses from high-range counters to comprehensively evaluate the confidence level of each suspected nuclear radiation pulse from two dimensions: pulse amplitude and time synchronization. This accurately identifies real nuclear radiation events that were missed by traditional methods, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent accurate dose rate correction.

[0041] S2.2 Based on the time interval between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and its adjacent peak at the corresponding position on the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube, determine the fluctuation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster, and combine the time interval between all adjacent peaks in the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube and the pulse confidence to determine the pulse mutual exclusion of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster, so as to determine the suspected skewness of the voltage signal.

[0042] For suspected pulse signals generated by low-range GM counters, if they occur within the "dead time," they are more likely to be caused by actual nuclear radiation particles. The smaller the time interval between a suspected pulse signal and an adjacent pulse, the more likely it is to be "stuck" within the "dead time" interval of the previous pulse, thus confirming its authenticity as an undercount event. The more such undercounted events there are, the greater the impact on the accuracy of traditional measurement results; therefore, they need to be accurately identified and corrected.

[0043] Therefore, based on the above analysis, this embodiment determines the fluctuation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster based on the time interval between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and its adjacent peak at the corresponding position on the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube. Combined with the time interval between all adjacent peaks in the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube and the pulse confidence, the pulse mutual exclusion of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is determined to determine the suspected skewness of the voltage signal. The specific process is as follows: In this embodiment, firstly, based on the time interval between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and its adjacent peak at the corresponding position on the voltage signal within the low-range counter tube, the fluctuation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is determined. Specifically: The minimum value between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and its corresponding left and right adjacent peaks at the same position on the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube is taken as the fluctuation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster.

[0044] Based on the fluctuation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster, it can be understood that the fluctuation reflects the degree of crowding of the suspected nuclear radiation pulse in all pulses of the voltage signal of the low-range GM counter tube. If the minimum value of the time interval between the current peak in the suspected pulse cluster and the left and right adjacent peaks at the corresponding position on the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube is smaller, the fluctuation is smaller. This means that the suspected nuclear radiation pulse corresponding to the current peak is sandwiched between two adjacent pulses with a very short time interval. This situation means that the suspected nuclear radiation pulse is in the "dead time" interval of the previous pulse, because under normal circumstances, the probability of two independent nuclear radiation particles arriving at such close times is very low. Conversely, if the minimum value of the time interval between the current peak value in the suspected pulse cluster and the corresponding left and right adjacent peak values ​​at the corresponding position on the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube is larger, the fluctuation is larger. This indicates that the interval between the suspected nuclear radiation pulse corresponding to the current peak value and the adjacent pulse is loose. This situation means that the suspected nuclear radiation pulse is more like an independent and normal pulse event, and the possibility that it is within the "dead time" interval of the previous pulse is very low.

[0045] Furthermore, this embodiment determines the pulse repulsion of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster based on the fluctuation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster, combined with the time interval between all adjacent peaks in the voltage signal within the low-range counter tube, and the pulse confidence, in order to determine the suspected skewness of the voltage signal. Specifically: As one implementation method, in this embodiment, the pulse mutual repulsion of peak i in the suspected pulse cluster is... The expression is: In the formula, This represents the minimum time interval between all adjacent pulses in the voltage signal within the low-range counter tube. This represents the volatility of peak value i within the suspected pulse cluster; represents the pulse confidence of peak i in the suspected pulse cluster; norm() represents the normalization function.

[0046] Based on the pulse repulsion of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster, it can be understood that pulse repulsion is used to determine whether the pulse signal corresponding to each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is within the "dead time" of the missed count. First, the difference between the minimum value of the time interval between all adjacent pulses in the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube and the fluctuation of peak i in the suspected pulse cluster is used to determine whether the pulse corresponding to peak i is within the "dead time". The larger, the better A value close to 1 indicates that internal evidence strongly supports that it is within the dead time. At the same time, if the pulse confidence of peak i is higher, the corresponding pulse repulsion is greater, indicating that the pulse corresponding to peak i is more likely to be a real missed nuclear radiation pulse within the "dead time", thus providing a reliable data basis for subsequent dose correction. Conversely, if The smaller, A value close to 0 indicates that internal evidence does not support that it is an event within the dead time. At the same time, the lower the pulse confidence of peak i, the smaller the corresponding pulse mutual repulsion, indicating that the pulse corresponding to peak i is less likely to be a real missed nuclear radiation pulse within the "dead time". This signal is more likely to be regarded as invalid noise or interference and should be ignored in subsequent dose correction.

[0047] Furthermore, for elements with high pulse mutual repulsion in the suspected pulse cluster, it is more likely that they are real missed events within the "dead time". Therefore, the more such high mutual repulsion elements there are, the more serious the missed recording phenomenon of the low-range GM counter tube is, and the greater the degree to which its original measurement result is underestimated. In order to quantify this degree of missed recording, this embodiment uses the maximum value of the pulse mutual repulsion of all peaks in the suspected pulse cluster as the segmentation threshold, and uses the number of all peaks in the suspected pulse cluster with pulse mutual repulsion greater than or equal to the segmentation threshold as the suspected skewness of the voltage signal.

[0048] Based on the suspected bias of the voltage signal, it can be understood that the suspected bias represents the total number of missed events within the "dead time" identified with high confidence within a unit measurement time. If the suspected bias is larger, it means that the "dead time" effect of the low-range GM counter is more severe under the current radiation field, the more nuclear radiation particles are missed by traditional methods, and the greater the degree to which the dose rate measured in the low-range GM counter is underestimated. Conversely, the smaller the suspected bias, the less severe the "dead time" effect of the low-range GM counter under the current radiation field, the fewer nuclear radiation particles missed by traditional methods, the less the dose rate measured in the low-range GM counter is underestimated, and the more reliable its original measurement results are.

[0049] Thus, this embodiment constructs pulse repulsion by comprehensively analyzing the internal congestion and cross-tube synchronization of suspected pulses, thereby accurately quantifying the probability that each suspected nuclear radiation pulse is a real missed event within the "dead time". Finally, the macroscopic parameter of suspected skewness intuitively reflects the degree of dose rate underestimation caused by the "dead time" effect of the low-range counter tube, providing a key basis for subsequent accurate compensation and correction.

[0050] S2.3 Based on the suspected skewness and the number of all elements in the nuclear radiation pulse cluster and the suspected pulse cluster, the dose rate of the nuclear radiation region to be measured is determined.

[0051] Based on the suspected skewness obtained from S2.2 analysis, and combined with the quantities of all elements in the nuclear radiation pulse cluster and the suspected pulse cluster, the dose rate of the nuclear radiation region to be measured is determined, specifically: In this embodiment, the dose rate of the nuclear radiation region to be measured The expression is: In the formula, Indicates the suspected skewness of the voltage signal; This represents the total amount of all elements in a nuclear radiation pulse cluster and a suspected pulse cluster; , These represent the dose rates measured by the low-range and high-range counters, respectively. This indicates the preset correction factor.

[0052] It should be noted that the preset correction factor The value is set manually; in this embodiment, a preset correction factor is used. The value is 0.5. In practical applications, as other implementation methods, implementers can also set it according to specific circumstances. This embodiment does not impose any special restrictions.

[0053] Based on the dose rate of the area to be tested for nuclear radiation, it can be understood that the greater the suspected bias, the more likely it is to cause adverse reactions. Increase The decrease indicates that the dose rate obtained from the high-range GM counter is more reliable, reducing the dependence on the dose rate from the low-range GM counter. Simultaneously, through... Compensatory amplification is applied to low-range GM counters; conversely, the smaller the suspected bias, the better. Decrease An increase indicates that the dose rate obtained from the low-range GM counter is more reliable, increasing the dependence on the dose rate from the low-range GM counter, while simultaneously... The compensatory amplification of the low-range GM counter is also correspondingly weakened.

[0054] Thus, this embodiment utilizes suspected skewness to dynamically assess the impact of the "dead time" of the low-range counter tube, and intelligently adjusts the weights of the high and low-range measurement results accordingly. At the same time, it performs precise compensation amplification on the low-range results, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of nuclear radiation dose rate.

[0055] Based on the same inventive concept as the above method, this application also provides a high-precision nuclear radiation detection device, wherein the device stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the high-precision nuclear radiation detection method described in any of the above claims.

[0056] Based on the same inventive concept as the above methods, this application also provides a high-precision nuclear radiation detection system, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements any one of the above-described high-precision nuclear radiation detection methods.

[0057] It should be noted that the order of the embodiments described above is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, specific embodiments of this specification have been described above. Additionally, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some implementations, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0058] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A high-precision method for detecting nuclear radiation, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: A high-precision nuclear radiation detection device is set up in the area to be measured to obtain the voltage signals in the low- and high-range counting tubes of the high-precision nuclear radiation detection device. Cluster all peaks in the voltage signal within the low-range counter tube to screen out nuclear radiation pulse clusters and suspected pulse clusters; based on the difference between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal within the high-range counter tube, determine the deviation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster to determine the pulse confidence of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster. Based on the time interval between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and its adjacent peak at the corresponding position on the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube, the fluctuation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is determined. Combined with the time interval between all adjacent peaks in the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube and the pulse confidence, the pulse mutual exclusion of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is determined to determine the suspected skewness of the voltage signal. The dose rate of the region to be tested is determined based on the suspected skewness and the number of all elements in the nuclear radiation pulse cluster and the suspected pulse cluster.

2. The high-precision nuclear radiation detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The screening process identified nuclear radiation pulse clusters and suspected pulse clusters, including: Calculate the mean of all peaks in each cluster, and sort all clusters in descending order of peak mean. The top two clusters in the results are denoted as the nuclear radiation pulse cluster and the suspected pulse cluster, respectively.

3. The high-precision nuclear radiation detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The deviation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is the minimum difference between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and all peaks in the voltage signal inside the high-range counter tube.

4. The high-precision nuclear radiation detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse confidence level of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is the ratio of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster to the corresponding normalized deviation value.

5. The high-precision nuclear radiation detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fluctuation of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is the minimum value of the time interval between each peak in the suspected pulse cluster and its corresponding left and right adjacent peaks at the corresponding positions on the voltage signal in the low-range counter tube.

6. The high-precision nuclear radiation detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The expression for the pulse mutual repulsion of each peak in the suspected pulse cluster is: In the formula, This represents the pulse mutual exclusion degree of peak i in the suspected pulse cluster; This represents the minimum time interval between all adjacent pulses in the voltage signal within the low-range counter tube. This represents the volatility of peak value i within the suspected pulse cluster; represents the pulse confidence of peak i in the suspected pulse cluster; norm() represents the normalization function.

7. The high-precision nuclear radiation detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining the suspected skewness of the voltage signal is as follows: The maximum value of the pulse mutual repulsion among all peaks in the suspected pulse cluster is used as the segmentation threshold, and the number of all peaks in the suspected pulse cluster whose pulse mutual repulsion is greater than or equal to the segmentation threshold is used as the suspected skewness of the voltage signal.

8. The high-precision nuclear radiation detection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The expression for the dose rate of the region to be tested for nuclear radiation is: In the formula, This indicates the dose rate of the area to be tested for nuclear radiation; Indicates the suspected skewness of the voltage signal; This represents the total amount of all elements in a nuclear radiation pulse cluster and a suspected pulse cluster; , These represent the dose rates measured by the high- and low-range counters, respectively. This indicates the preset correction factor.

9. A high-precision nuclear radiation detection device, wherein the device stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a high-precision nuclear radiation detection method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A high-precision nuclear radiation detection system, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements a high-precision nuclear radiation detection method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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