Window modules, display devices and electronic devices

Abstract

This disclosure relates to window modules, display devices, and electronic devices. The window module includes a substrate and an anti-reflective layer. The anti-reflective layer includes: a plurality of first refractive layers located on the substrate, comprising a first inorganic material, and each of the plurality of first refractive layers having a first refractive index; a plurality of second refractive layers located between the plurality of first refractive layers, comprising a second inorganic material, and each of the plurality of second refractive layers having a second refractive index greater than the first refractive index; and a plurality of third refractive layers located between the plurality of first refractive layers and the plurality of second refractive layers, comprising a third inorganic material, and each of the plurality of third refractive layers having a third refractive index greater than the first refractive index and less than the second refractive index.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments relate to a window module, a display device including the window module, and an electronic device including the display device. Background Technology

[0002] A display device may include a display panel and a window module located on the display panel to protect it. With the use of various types of display devices, various forms of window modules can be implemented for them. In some cases, to improve the display quality of the display device, structures that enhance its durability and reduce its reflectivity are being developed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiment provides a window module with improved optical properties and durability.

[0004] An embodiment provides a display device including a window module.

[0005] An embodiment provides an electronic device including a display device.

[0006] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the window module includes a substrate and an anti-reflective layer. The anti-reflective layer may include: a plurality of first refractive layers located on the substrate, comprising a first inorganic material, and each of the plurality of first refractive layers having a first refractive index; a plurality of second refractive layers located between the plurality of first refractive layers, comprising a second inorganic material, and each of the plurality of second refractive layers having a second refractive index greater than the first refractive index; and a plurality of third refractive layers located between the plurality of first refractive layers and the plurality of second refractive layers, comprising a third inorganic material, and each of the plurality of third refractive layers having a third refractive index greater than the first refractive index and smaller than the second refractive index.

[0007] In an embodiment, the first refractive index of each of the plurality of first refractive layers may be in the range of about 1.45 to about 1.5.

[0008] In an embodiment, the second refractive index of each of the plurality of second refractive layers may be in the range of about 1.95 to about 2.1.

[0009] In an embodiment, the third refractive index of each of the plurality of third refractive layers may be in the range of about 1.54 to about 1.7.

[0010] In the embodiments, the first inorganic material may include materials derived from silicon dioxide (SiO2), silicon oxide (SiO2), etc. x ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y ), silicon aluminum oxide (Si) x Al y O zMagnesium fluoride (MgF2), magnesium oxide (MgO), and germanium oxide (GeO) x At least one selected from the group consisting of ).

[0011] In the embodiments, the second inorganic material may include materials derived from silicon nitride (Si3N4), aluminum nitride (AlN), and aluminum silicon nitride (SiAl). x N y Germanium nitride (GeN) x ), silicon germanium nitride (SiGe) x N y At least one of the following is selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2).

[0012] In the embodiments, the third inorganic material may include aluminum oxide (Al2O3), aluminum oxynitride (AlO3), and other inorganic materials. x N y ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y ) and silicon-aluminum oxynitride (SiAl) x O y N z At least one selected from the group consisting of ).

[0013] In an embodiment, the third inorganic material may have a hardness greater than that of the first inorganic material and less than that of the second inorganic material.

[0014] In an embodiment, the plurality of first refractive layers may include: a 1-1 refractive layer; a 1-2 refractive layer located on the 1-1 refractive layer; and a 1-3 refractive layer located on the 1-2 refractive layer. The plurality of second refractive layers may include: a 2-1 refractive layer; a 2-2 refractive layer located on the 2-1 refractive layer; and a 2-3 refractive layer located on the 2-2 refractive layer. The plurality of third refractive layers may include: a 3-1 refractive layer; a 3-2 refractive layer located on the 3-1 refractive layer; and a 3-3 refractive layer located on the 3-2 refractive layer.

[0015] In the embodiment, the 1-1 refractive layer, the 3-1 refractive layer, the 1-2 refractive layer, the 2-1 refractive layer, the 3-2 refractive layer, the 2-2 refractive layer, the 3-3 refractive layer, the 2-3 refractive layer, and the 1-3 refractive layer can be sequentially located on the substrate.

[0016] In the embodiments, the thickness of the 1-1 refractive layer can be in the range of about 20 nm to about 40 nm. The thickness of the 1-2 refractive layer can be in the range of about 50 nm to about 70 nm. The thickness of the 1-3 refractive layer can be in the range of about 95 nm to about 105 nm. The thickness of the 2-1 refractive layer can be in the range of about 20 nm to about 30 nm. The thickness of the 2-2 refractive layer can be in the range of about 80 nm to about 100 nm. The thickness of the 2-3 refractive layer can be in the range of about 45 nm to about 55 nm. The thickness of the 3-1 refractive layer can be in the range of about 20 nm to about 40 nm. The thickness of the 3-2 refractive layer can be in the range of about 45 nm to about 65 nm. The thickness of the 3-3 refractive layer can be in the range of about 5 nm to about 20 nm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the thickness of the antireflective layer can be in the range of about 400 nm to about 500 nm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the hardness of the window module can be in the range of about 10 GPa to about 15 GPa.

[0019] In an embodiment, the substrate may include: a planar region; and a curved region located on at least one side of the planar region and having a predetermined curvature.

[0020] In an embodiment, the window module may further include: a hard coating layer located between the substrate and the anti-reflective layer; and an anti-fingerprint layer located on the anti-reflective layer.

[0021] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a display device includes: a display panel; a window module located on the display panel; and an adhesive layer for attaching the display panel and the window module. The window module includes a substrate and an anti-reflective layer. The anti-reflective layer may include: a plurality of first refractive layers located on the substrate, comprising a first inorganic material, and each of the plurality of first refractive layers having a first refractive index; a plurality of second refractive layers located between the plurality of first refractive layers, comprising a second inorganic material, and each of the plurality of second refractive layers having a second refractive index greater than the first refractive index; and a plurality of third refractive layers located between the plurality of first refractive layers and the plurality of second refractive layers, comprising a third inorganic material, and each of the plurality of third refractive layers having a third refractive index greater than the first refractive index and smaller than the second refractive index, and the thickness of the anti-reflective layer is in the range of about 400 nm to about 500 nm.

[0022] In an embodiment, the first refractive index of each of the plurality of first refractive layers is in the range of about 1.45 to about 1.5. The second refractive index of each of the plurality of second refractive layers is in the range of about 1.95 to about 2.1. The third refractive index of each of the plurality of third refractive layers is in the range of about 1.54 to about 1.7. The first inorganic material may include materials composed of silicon dioxide (SiO2), silicon oxide (SiO2), etc. x ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y ), silicon aluminum oxide (Si) x Al y O z Magnesium fluoride (MgF2), magnesium oxide (MgO), and germanium oxide (GeO) x The second inorganic material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride (Si3N4), aluminum nitride (AlN), and aluminum silicon nitride (SiAl). x N y Germanium nitride (GeN) x ), silicon germanium nitride (SiGe) x N y The third inorganic material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). x N y ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y ) and silicon-aluminum oxynitride (SiAl) x O y N z At least one selected from the group consisting of ).

[0023] In an embodiment, the plurality of first refractive layers may include: a 1-1 refractive layer; a 1-2 refractive layer located on the 1-1 refractive layer; and a 1-3 refractive layer located on the 1-2 refractive layer. The plurality of second refractive layers may include: a 2-1 refractive layer; a 2-2 refractive layer located on the 2-1 refractive layer; and a 2-3 refractive layer located on the 2-2 refractive layer. The plurality of third refractive layers may include: a 3-1 refractive layer; a 3-2 refractive layer located on the 3-1 refractive layer; and a 3-3 refractive layer located on the 3-2 refractive layer.

[0024] In the embodiment, the 1-1 refractive layer, the 3-1 refractive layer, the 1-2 refractive layer, the 2-1 refractive layer, the 3-2 refractive layer, the 2-2 refractive layer, the 3-3 refractive layer, the 2-3 refractive layer, and the 1-3 refractive layer can be sequentially located on the substrate.

[0025] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the electronic device includes: a display device; and a processor for controlling the display device. The display device includes: a display panel; a window module located on the display panel; and an adhesive layer for attaching the display panel and the window module.

[0026] The window module according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include a substrate and an anti-reflective layer. The anti-reflective layer may include a plurality of first refractive layers, a plurality of second refractive layers, and a plurality of third refractive layers. The second refractive index of the second refractive layer may be greater than the first refractive index of the first refractive layer, and the third refractive index of the third refractive layer may be greater than the first refractive index and less than the second refractive index. Therefore, color difference occurring at the edges of the display device can be reduced.

[0027] In some aspects, the third inorganic material of the third refractive layer can have a higher hardness than the first inorganic material of the first refractive layer, and a lower hardness than the second inorganic material of the second refractive layer. Therefore, the hardness of the window module can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The illustrative, non-limiting embodiments will become clearer from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a perspective view showing a display device according to an embodiment.

[0030] Figure 2 It shows the basis Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of a portion of the configuration of an embodiment of a display device.

[0031] Figure 3 It is shown schematically. Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the display device.

[0032] Figure 4 It is shown that it includes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the display panel in the display device.

[0033] Figure 5 It is along Figure 2 The cross-sectional view of the window module intercepted by line I-I'.

[0034] Figure 6 It is shown Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the base of the window module.

[0035] Figure 7 It is shown Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the anti-reflective layer of the window module.

[0036] Figure 8 It is shown Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the anti-reflective layer.

[0037] Figure 9 It shows including Figure 1 A block diagram of the electronic device for displaying the device.

[0038] Figure 10 It is shown Figure 9 The electronic device is implemented as an example view of a television set.

[0039] Figure 11 It is shown Figure 9 The view shows an example of an electronic device implemented as a smartphone. Detailed Implementation

[0040] In the following description, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals / symbols are used for the same components, and for the sake of brevity, redundant descriptions of the same components will not be provided.

[0041] Embodiments supported by this disclosure will now be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one or more exemplary embodiments. However, aspects supported by this disclosure may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of exemplary aspects of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0042] Terms such as "first" and "second" can be used to describe various components, but these components should not be limited by these terms. Terms as used herein can distinguish one component from others and are not limited by these terms. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, a first component can be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component can be referred to as a first component. Unless otherwise stated, singular terms may include plural forms.

[0043] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, “a,” “an,” “the,” and “at least one” do not indicate a limitation on quantity and are intended to include both the singular and the plural. For example, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, “element” has the same meaning as “at least one element.” “At least one” should not be construed as limiting “a” or “an.” “Or” means “and / or.” As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will also be understood that, when used in this specification, the terms “comprises and / or comprising” or “includes and / or including” indicate the presence of the stated features, areas, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, areas, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components.

[0044] Given the measurements discussed and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity, the terms “about” or “approximately” as used herein include the stated value and a suitable range of deviations from the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, the term “about” may mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of the stated value.

[0045] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “down,” “above,” and “above” are used herein to describe the relationship of an element or feature as shown in the accompanying drawings to other elements (multiple elements) or features (multiple features). It will be understood that, in addition to the orientations depicted in the accompanying drawings, the spatial relative terms are also intended to cover different orientations of the device during use or operation. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” other elements or features will then be oriented “above” other elements or features. Thus, the term “below” can cover both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0046] Embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional views as exemplary examples. Therefore, variations in the shapes illustrated will be expected due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or deviations. Consequently, the embodiments described herein should not be construed as limited to the specific shapes of the regions shown herein, but will include, for example, deviations in shape due to manufacturing processes. For example, regions shown or described as flat may generally have rough and / or non-linear characteristics. Furthermore, acute angles shown may be rounded. Therefore, the regions shown in the figures are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to illustrate precise shapes of the regions and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will also be understood that, unless expressly stated herein, terms (such as those defined in a general dictionary) shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and in this disclosure, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.

[0048] It should be understood that the various embodiments of this disclosure and the terminology used in the various embodiments of this disclosure are not intended to limit the technical features set forth herein to the specific embodiments, and include various changes, equivalents, or substitutions for the corresponding embodiments. Regarding the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used to refer to similar or related elements. It will be understood that, unless the relevant context explicitly indicates otherwise, a singular noun corresponding to an item may include one or more things. As used herein, each of the phrases such as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “A, B, or C,” and “at least one of A, B, and C” may include any combination or all possible combinations of the items listed together in the corresponding one of the phrases.

[0049] It will be understood that if an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to as being "coupled" to, "coupled to" another element, "connected" to, or "connected to" another element, with or without the terms "operably" or "communically," this means that the element can be coupled to the other element directly (e.g., wired), wirelessly, or via a third element.

[0050] In this specification, a plane may be defined by a first direction D1 and a second direction D2 intersecting the first direction D1. For example, the second direction D2 may be perpendicular to the first direction D1. In some aspects, a third direction D3 may be the normal direction of the plane. That is, the third direction D3 may be perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction D1 and the second direction D2.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a perspective view showing a display device according to an embodiment.

[0052] refer to Figure 1 The display device DD can be a device activated by an electrical signal. For example, the display device DD can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a wearable device, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0053] The display device DD according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a planar region PA and a curved region CA located on at least one side of the planar region PA and having a predetermined curvature. The curved region CA can be bent from each edge of the planar region PA with a predetermined curvature.

[0054] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the entire portion of the display device DD located at the edge of the planar region PA can be defined as a curved region CA. In this case, the curvatures of the curved regions CA can be the same or different from each other. However, this disclosure is not limited to this.

[0055] For example, a portion of the display device DD located at the edge of the planar region PA can be defined as the curved region CA.

[0056] Figure 2 It shows the basis Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of a portion of the configuration of an embodiment of a display device. Figure 3 It is shown schematically. Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the display device.

[0057] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the display device DD may include a display panel DP, an adhesive layer AD, and a window module WM. In some aspects, the window module WM may include a substrate BS, a hard coating HC, an anti-reflective layer AR, and an anti-fingerprint layer AF.

[0058] Display panels (DPs) can display images. For example, a display panel (DP) may include transistor TFTs (such as...). Figure 4 (as shown) and light-emitting elements (LEDs) electrically connected to transistor TFTs (such as...) Figure 4 (As shown in the diagram). The transistor TFT can provide drive current to the light-emitting element LED, and the light-emitting element LED can emit light based on the drive current. See later... Figure 4 Describe the display panel (DP) in detail.

[0059] In some respects, although Figure 2 and Figure 3Not shown, but the display panel DP may include a bent portion corresponding to the shape of the window module WM.

[0060] Since the display device DD includes a planar region PA and a curved region CA, the display panel DP may also include a planar region PA and a curved region CA. The planar region PA of the display panel DP may be an area capable of generating light or displaying an image by controlling the transmittance of light provided from an external light source. The curved region CA of the display panel DP may be an area where no image is displayed. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this, and at least a portion of the curved region CA of the display panel DP may display an image.

[0061] The adhesive layer AD can be located on the display panel DP. The adhesive layer AD can include adhesive materials and can adhere the window module WM to the display panel DP. In embodiments, the adhesive layer AD can include pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA), optically clear adhesive (OCA), and / or optically clear resin (OCR), etc. These materials can be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0062] In some respects, although Figure 2 and Figure 3 Not shown, but the adhesive layer AD located below the window module WM may include a bent portion corresponding to the shape of the window module WM.

[0063] The substrate BS can be located on the adhesive layer AD. In embodiments, the substrate BS can be formed of glass, quartz, or plastic, etc. Examples of plastics that can be used as the substrate BS may include polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PS), polysulfone (PSU), polyethylene (PE), polyphthalamide (PPA), polyethersulfone (PES), polyarylate (PAR), polycarbonate oxide (PCO), and / or modified polyphenylene ether (MPPO), etc. These materials can be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0064] However, the substrate BS is not limited to the materials described herein, and embodiments of this disclosure may include, without limitation, any material having optical transparency capable of providing an image provided in the display panel DP of the display device DD to a user.

[0065] The hard coating HC can be located on the substrate BS. In an embodiment, the hard coating HC can be in contact with the substrate BS. However, this disclosure is not limited to this, and an organic or inorganic layer can additionally be located between the hard coating HC and the substrate BS. The hard coating HC can protect the substrate BS. For this purpose, the hard coating HC can have a predetermined hardness.

[0066] The hard coating HC may include a light-curing resin. For example, the light-curing resin may be a polymer of a compound that undergoes a polymerization reaction when irradiated with light, such as ultraviolet light, and conventional light-curing resins in the art can be used. For example, the light-curing resin may include acrylate oligomers and / or multifunctional acrylate monomers, etc. These materials may be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0067] The hard coating HC may also include microparticles dispersed in a UV-curable resin. The microparticles dispersed in the UV-curable resin can be organic or inorganic. For example, the microparticles may include organic microparticles such as acrylic resins, styrene resins, epoxy resins, and / or nylon resins. These materials may be used alone or in combination with each other. Optionally, the microparticles may include metal oxide microparticles such as oxides of zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), indium (In), zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), aluminum (Al), and / or antimony (Sb). These materials may be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0068] The anti-reflective layer (AR) can be located on the hard coating layer (HC). In some aspects, the anti-reflective layer (AR) can reduce the reflectivity of the display panel (DP). For example, the anti-reflective layer (AR) can suppress the reflection of external light by stacking refractive layers with different refractive indices so that the incident and reflected light interfere with each other destructively. See later for further details. Figure 7 and Figure 8 Describe the anti-reflective layer AR in detail.

[0069] The anti-fingerprint layer AF can be located on the anti-reflective layer AR. In an embodiment, the anti-fingerprint layer AF can be formed by coating the anti-reflective layer AR with an anti-fingerprint material. Examples of anti-fingerprint materials that can be used as the anti-fingerprint layer AF may include metal oxides (e.g., titanium oxide (TiO2)). x These materials include, for example, silicon-based compounds and / or fluorine-based compounds. These materials can be used alone or in combination with each other. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto, and anti-fingerprint materials are not limited to any common materials known to those skilled in the art. In some aspects, the coating method may include a wet coating method or a dry coating method. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0070] Figure 4 It is shown that it includes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the display panel in the display device.

[0071] refer to Figure 4The display panel DP may include a substrate SUB, a buffer layer BFR, a transistor TFT, a first insulating layer ISL1, a second insulating layer ISL2, a third insulating layer ISL3, a pixel defining layer PDL, a light-emitting element LED, and an encapsulation layer ENC. The transistor TFT may include an active pattern ACT, a gate electrode GAT, a first connection electrode CE1, and a second connection electrode CE2. The light-emitting element LED may include a first electrode ED1, a light-emitting layer EL, and a second electrode ED2.

[0072] In the embodiments, the substrate SUB can be formed of glass, quartz, or plastic, etc. Examples of plastics that can be used as the substrate SUB include polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PS), polysulfone (PSU), polyethylene (PE), polyphthalamide (PPA), polyethersulfone (PES), polyarylate (PAR), polycarbonate oxide (PCO), and / or modified polyphenylene ether (MPPO), etc. These materials can be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0073] The buffer layer (BFR) may be located on the substrate (SUB). In embodiments, the buffer layer (BFR) may include an insulating material. Examples of materials that may be used in the buffer layer (BFR) may include silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride, etc. These materials may be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0074] The active pattern ACT can be located on the buffer layer BFR. In embodiments, the active pattern ACT can include oxide semiconductors or silicon semiconductors, etc.

[0075] The first insulating layer ISL1 may be located on the buffer layer BFR and may cover the active pattern ACT. In embodiments, the first insulating layer ISL1 may include an insulating material. Examples of materials that can be used as the first insulating layer ISL1 include silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride. These materials may be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0076] The gate electrode GAT can be located on the first insulating layer ISL1 and can overlap with the active pattern ACT. In embodiments, the gate electrode GAT can include metals, alloys, metal nitrides, conductive metal oxides, or transparent conductive materials. Examples of materials that can be used as the gate electrode GAT include silver (Ag), silver-containing alloys, molybdenum (Mo), molybdenum-containing alloys, aluminum (Al), aluminum-containing alloys, tungsten (W), tungsten nitride (WN), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), chromium nitride (CrN), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), platinum (Pt), scandium (Sc), indium tin oxide (ITO), and / or indium zinc oxide (IZO). These materials can be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0077] The second insulating layer ISL2 may be located on the first insulating layer ISL1 and may cover the gate electrode GAT. In embodiments, the second insulating layer ISL2 may include an insulating material. Examples of materials that can be used as the second insulating layer ISL2 include silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride. These materials may be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0078] The first connecting electrode CE1 and the second connecting electrode CE2 can be located on the second insulating layer ISL2 and can be in contact with the active pattern ACT. In embodiments, the first connecting electrode CE1 and the second connecting electrode CE2 can include metals, alloys, metal nitrides, conductive metal oxides, or transparent conductive materials, etc. Examples of materials that can be used as the first connecting electrode CE1 and the second connecting electrode CE2 can include silver (Ag), silver-containing alloys, molybdenum (Mo), molybdenum-containing alloys, aluminum (Al), aluminum-containing alloys, tungsten (W), tungsten nitride (WN), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), chromium nitride (CrN), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), platinum (Pt), scandium (Sc), indium tin oxide (ITO), and / or indium zinc oxide (IZO), etc. These materials can be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0079] The third insulating layer ISL3 may be located on the second insulating layer ISL2 and may cover the first connecting electrode CE1 and the second connecting electrode CE2. In embodiments, the third insulating layer ISL3 may include an insulating material. Examples of materials that can be used as the third insulating layer ISL3 may include photoresist, polyacrylic resins, polyimide resins, and / or acrylic resins. These materials may be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0080] The first electrode ED1 may be located on the third insulating layer ISL3 and may be in contact with the second connecting electrode CE2. The pixel defining layer PDL may be located on the third insulating layer ISL3 and may include an opening exposing the first electrode ED1. The light-emitting layer EL may be located on the first electrode ED1. The second electrode ED2 may be located on the light-emitting layer EL.

[0081] The encapsulation layer ENC can be located on the second electrode ED2. The encapsulation layer ENC can prevent moisture and air from penetrating into the light-emitting element LED. In an embodiment, the encapsulation layer ENC can have a structure in which an inorganic insulating layer, an organic insulating layer, and an inorganic insulating layer are stacked in sequence.

[0082] Figure 5 It is along Figure 2 The cross-sectional view of the window module intercepted by line I-I'. Figure 6 It is shown Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the base of the window module. Figure 7It is shown Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the anti-reflective layer of the window module.

[0083] refer to Figure 5 According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the window module WM may have a structure in which a substrate BS, a hard coating HC, an anti-reflective layer AR, and an anti-fingerprint layer AF are stacked in sequence.

[0084] As described herein, the display device DD may include a planar region PA and a curved region CA. Since the display device DD includes a planar region PA and a curved region CA, the window module WM, and each of the configurations included in the window module WM, may also include a planar region PA and a curved region CA.

[0085] refer to Figure 6 In this embodiment, the curved region CA of the substrate BS can have a constant thickness overall. However, this disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the curved region CA of the substrate BS can have a thickness that varies as the curved region CA moves away from the planar region PA.

[0086] refer to Figure 7 One end of the curved region CA of the antireflective layer AR can be defined as the boundary surface between the planar region PA and the curved region CA. In this figure, the boundary surface is shown by dashed lines. The other end of the curved region CA can be defined as the side surface RS opposite the boundary surface.

[0087] The anti-reflective layer AR can define a virtual first extended surface S1 extending along the boundary surface and a virtual second extended surface S2 extending along the side surface RS.

[0088] In an embodiment, the curved region CA of the antireflective layer AR may have a thickness that varies as the curved region CA moves away from the planar region PA. For example, the thickness of the planar region PA adjacent to the boundary surface may be defined as a planar thickness T1. In some aspects, the thickness of the curved region CA adjacent to the side surface RS may be defined as a curved thickness T2.

[0089] In an embodiment, the planar thickness T1 may be greater than the bending thickness T2. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0090] In the embodiment, the bending thickness T2 can be defined according to the following mathematical formula 1.

[0091] [Mathematical Formula 1] T2=T1×cosθ Here, θ is the angle formed by the virtual first extended surface S1 and the virtual second extended surface S2. For example, the angle (θ) can be less than or equal to about 45 degrees.

[0092] Therefore, when depositing the antireflective layer AR, the bending thickness T2 of the curved region CA is reduced compared to the planar thickness T1 of the planar region PA, and thus, due to the change in film thickness, an optical path difference may occur in the curved region CA. As a result, chromatic aberration may occur in the curved region CA.

[0093] In the embodiment, when θ is 45 degrees, the curved region CA of the window module WM can have a saturation of about 4 or less ( Saturation () () can be limited according to the following mathematical formula 2.

[0094] [Mathematical Formula 2] =

[0095] here, yes Saturation in the color coordinate system yes The difference in the red-green direction in the color coordinate system, and yes The difference in the yellow-blue direction in the color coordinate system.

[0096] Figure 8 It is shown Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the anti-reflective layer.

[0097] refer to Figure 8 The anti-reflective layer AR may include nine refractive layers. In an embodiment, the anti-reflective layer AR may include multiple first refractive layers 1, multiple second refractive layers 2, and multiple third refractive layers 3.

[0098] The first refractive layer 1 can be located on the substrate BS (see...). Figure 5 )superior.

[0099] In an embodiment, the first refractive layer 1 may include a 1-1 refractive layer 1-1, a 1-2 refractive layer 1-2, and a 1-3 refractive layer 1-3.

[0100] In an embodiment, the first refractive layer 1 can be sequentially positioned on the substrate BS as refractive layer 1-1, refractive layer 1-2, and refractive layer 1-3.

[0101] The refracting layer 1-1 may have a first thickness TH1. In an embodiment, the first thickness TH1 may have a range of about 20 nm to about 40 nm.

[0102] The refracting layer 1-2 may have a third thickness TH3. In an embodiment, the third thickness TH3 may have a range of about 50 nm to about 70 nm.

[0103] The refracting layer 1-3 may have a ninth thickness TH9. In an embodiment, the ninth thickness TH9 may have a range of about 95 nm to about 105 nm.

[0104] For visible light, the first refractive layer 1 may have a first refractive index. In an embodiment, the first refractive index may have a range of about 1.45 to about 1.5.

[0105] The first refractive layer 1 may include a first inorganic material. For example, the first inorganic material may include silicon dioxide (SiO2) or silicon oxide (SiO2). x ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y ), silicon aluminum oxide (Si) x Al y O z Magnesium fluoride (MgF2), magnesium oxide (MgO), and / or germanium oxide (GeO) x These materials can be used alone or in combination with each other. In an embodiment, the first refractive layer 1 may include silicon dioxide (SiO2).

[0106] The second refractive layer 2 can be located on the substrate BS.

[0107] In an embodiment, the second refractive layer 2 may be located between the first refractive layers 1.

[0108] In an embodiment, the second refractive layer 2 may include a 2-1 refractive layer 2-1, a 2-2 refractive layer 2-2, and a 2-3 refractive layer 2-3.

[0109] In an embodiment, the second refractive layer 2 can be sequentially positioned on the substrate BS as refractive layer 2-1, refractive layer 2-2, and refractive layer 2-3.

[0110] 2-1 The refractive layer 2-1 may have a fourth thickness TH4. In an embodiment, the fourth thickness TH4 may have a range of about 20 nm to about 30 nm.

[0111] The 2-2 refractive layer 2-2 may have a sixth thickness TH6. In an embodiment, the sixth thickness TH6 may have a range of about 80 nm to about 100 nm.

[0112] The second and third refractive layers may have an eighth thickness TH8. In an embodiment, the eighth thickness TH8 may have a range of about 45 nm to about 55 nm.

[0113] For visible light, the second refractive layer 2 may have a second refractive index. In an embodiment, the second refractive index may have a range of about 1.95 to about 2.1.

[0114] The second refractive layer 2 may include a second inorganic material. For example, the second inorganic material may include silicon nitride (Si3N4), aluminum nitride (AlN), or aluminum silicon nitride (SiAl). x N y Germanium nitride (GeN) x ), silicon germanium nitride (SiGe) x N y Materials such as tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and / or zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) can be used individually or in combination. In an embodiment, the second refractive layer 2 may include silicon nitride (Si3N4).

[0115] The third refractive layer 3 can be located on the substrate BS.

[0116] In an embodiment, the third refractive layer 3 may be located between the first refractive layer 1 and the second refractive layer 2.

[0117] In an embodiment, the third refractive layer 3 may include a 3-1 refractive layer 3-1, a 3-2 refractive layer 3-2, and a 3-3 refractive layer 3-3.

[0118] In an embodiment, the third refractive layer 3 can be sequentially positioned on the substrate BS as refractive layer 3-1 (3-1), refractive layer 3-2 (3-2), and refractive layer 3-3 (3-3).

[0119] The 3-1 refractive layer 3-1 may have a second thickness TH2. In an embodiment, the second thickness TH2 may have a range of about 20 nm to about 40 nm.

[0120] The 3-2 refractive layer 3-2 may have a fifth thickness TH5. In an embodiment, the fifth thickness TH5 may have a range of about 45 nm to about 65 nm.

[0121] The 3-3 refractive layer 3-3 may have a seventh thickness TH7. In an embodiment, the seventh thickness TH7 may have a range of about 5 nm to about 20 nm.

[0122] For visible light, the third refractive layer 3 may have a third refractive index. In an embodiment, the third refractive index may have a range of about 1.54 to about 1.7.

[0123] The third refractive layer 3 may include a third inorganic material. For example, the third inorganic material may include aluminum oxide (Al2O3) or aluminum oxynitride (AlO3). x N y ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y ) and / or silicon-aluminum oxynitride (SiAl) x O yMaterials such as N2 can be used alone or in combination with each other. In an embodiment, the third refractive layer 3 may include silicon oxynitride (SiON).

[0124] In the embodiment, 1-1 refractive layer 1-1, 3-1 refractive layer 3-1, 1-2 refractive layer 1-2, 2-1 refractive layer 2-1, 3-2 refractive layer 3-2, 2-2 refractive layer 2-2, 3-3 refractive layer 3-3, 2-3 refractive layer 2-3 and 1-3 refractive layer 1-3 can be sequentially located on the substrate BS.

[0125] In this embodiment, the planar region PA of the antireflective layer AR may have a cross-sectional reflectivity of about 1% or less. Cross-sectional reflectivity is expressed as the percentage (%) of a D65 standard light source reflected from the surface of the antireflective layer AR.

[0126] In this embodiment, the thickness TH of the antireflective layer AR can range from approximately 400 nm to approximately 500 nm. In this case, if the thickness TH of the antireflective layer AR is less than 400 nm, the stiffness of the window module WM may not be improved. If the thickness TH of the antireflective layer AR is greater than 500 nm, the stiffness of the window module WM (see...) Figure 5 The bending region CA (see) Figure 5 The color difference was not improved in the process, so red spots may appear.

[0127] In the embodiments, the second and third inorganic materials may have a hardness greater than that of the first inorganic material. For example, the third inorganic material may have a hardness greater than that of the first inorganic material and less than that of the second inorganic material. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0128] In an embodiment, the hardness of the window module WM can be in the range of about 10 GPa to about 15 GPa. Preferably, the hardness of the window module WM can be in the range of about 12 GPa to about 15 GPa. More preferably, the hardness of the window module WM can be in the range of about 13 GPa to about 15 GPa.

[0129] The effects of the comparative examples and embodiments of this disclosure will be described below.

[0130] A window module including an anti-reflective layer according to a comparative example was manufactured. Referring to Table 1 below, the anti-reflective layer according to the comparative example has been formed as a seven-layer structure having a refractive layer formed of SiO2 and a refractive layer formed of Si3N4 repeatedly stacked on a substrate BS. At this time, the refractive index of the refractive layer formed of SiO2 is 1.48 and the refractive index of the refractive layer formed of Si3N4 is 2.06.

[0131] [Table 1]

[0132] A window module WM including an anti-reflective layer AR was manufactured according to Examples 1 to 9. The anti-reflective layer AR is formed as a structure in which a 1-1 refractive layer 1-1, a 3-1 refractive layer 3-1, a 1-2 refractive layer 1-2, a 2-1 refractive layer 2-1, a 3-2 refractive layer 3-2, a 2-2 refractive layer 2-2, a 3-3 refractive layer 3-3, a 2-3 refractive layer 2-3, and a 1-3 refractive layer 1-3 are sequentially stacked on a substrate BS. The first refractive layer 1, including the 1-1 refractive layer 1-1, the 1-2 refractive layer 1-2, and the 1-3 refractive layer 1-3, has a refractive index of 1.48 and is formed of SiO2. The second refractive layer 2, including the 2-1 refractive layer 2-1, the 2-2 refractive layer 2-2, and the 2-3 refractive layer 2-3, has a refractive index of 2.06 and is formed of Si3N4.

[0133] In Examples 1 and 2, the third refractive layer 3, which includes a 3-1 refractive layer 3-1, a 3-2 refractive layer 3-2, and a 3-3 refractive layer 3-3, has a refractive index of 1.54 and is formed of SiON.

[0134] In Examples 3 and 4, the third refractive layer 3 has a refractive index of 1.58 and is formed of SiON.

[0135] In Examples 5 and 6, the third refractive layer 3 has a refractive index of 1.63 and is formed of SiON.

[0136] In Example 7, the third refractive layer 3 has a refractive index of 1.7 and is formed of SiON.

[0137] In Examples 8 and 9, the third refractive layer 3 has a refractive index of 1.67 and is formed of Al2O3.

[0138] The thickness of each refractive layer of the antireflective layer AR is shown in Table 2 below.

[0139] [Table 2]

[0140] Based on the comparative examples and Examples 1 to 9, the hardness and saturation of the bending region CA of the window module WM including the anti-reflective layer AR, as well as the cross-sectional reflectivity and thickness of the anti-reflective layer AR, were measured.

[0141] The hardness was obtained by measuring the hardness of the planar region PA of the window module WM, including the anti-reflective layer AR, and the saturation of the curved region CA was determined by measuring the hardness of the planar region PA at θ = 40°. The color coordinate system measures the saturation in the curved region CA, the cross-sectional reflectivity is obtained by measuring the ratio of reflection from the surface of the antireflective layer AR by a D65 standard light source, and the thickness is obtained by measuring the thickness of the planar region PA of the antireflective layer AR.

[0142] [Table 3]

[0143] As a result, referring to Table 3 above, it can be confirmed that the antireflective layer AR satisfying Examples 1 to 9 has a cross-sectional reflectivity of about 1% or less, a saturation of the curved region CA of the window module WM of about 2.7, a thickness of the antireflective layer AR of about 440 nm to about 460 nm, and a hardness of the window module WM of about 14 GPa to about 15 GPa. In contrast, it can be confirmed that the antireflective layer according to the comparative example has a cross-sectional reflectivity of about 1% or less, a saturation of the curved region of the window module of about 2.7, a thickness of less than about 400 nm, and a hardness of less than about 14 GPa.

[0144] In other words, the window module WM including the anti-reflective layer AR according to the embodiments of this disclosure has the same saturation value of the curved region CA as the comparative example, and the cross-sectional reflectance is about 1% or less, which is also the same level of cross-sectional reflectance value as the comparative example. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the embodiments have significantly lower saturation values ​​of the curved region CA and cross-sectional reflectance values ​​than the comparative examples. In some aspects, the thickness and stiffness of the embodiments have increased values ​​compared to the comparative examples.

[0145] As a result, the window module WM of this disclosure includes an anti-reflective layer AR, which includes three first refractive layers having a first refractive index, three second refractive layers having a second refractive index higher than the first refractive index, and three third refractive layers having a third refractive index between the first and second refractive indices, such that the cross-sectional reflectivity and the saturation of the curved region CA are maintained at a significantly lower level compared to the comparative example, but the thickness of the anti-reflective layer AR is increased compared to the comparative example, thereby significantly improving the stiffness of the window module WM.

[0146] Figure 9 It shows including Figure 1 A block diagram of the electronic device for displaying the device. Figure 10 It is shown Figure 9 The electronic device is implemented as an example view of a television set. Figure 11 It is shown Figure 9 The view shows an example of an electronic device implemented as a smartphone.

[0147] Reference Figure 9 , Figure 10and Figure 11 In this embodiment, the electronic device 900 may include a processor 910, a memory device 920, a storage device 930, an input / output (I / O) device 940, a power supply 950, and a display device 960. In this case, the display device 960 may be connected to a reference... Figures 1 to 8 The described display device DD corresponds to this. The electronic device 900 may also include several ports capable of communicating with video cards, sound cards, memory cards, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) devices.

[0148] In an embodiment, such as Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device 900 can be implemented as a television set. In another embodiment, as... Figure 11 As shown, electronic device 900 can be implemented as a smartphone. However, electronic device 900 is not limited to this, and for example, electronic device 900 can be implemented as a mobile phone, video phone, smart tablet, smartwatch, tablet PC, vehicle navigation system, computer monitor, laptop computer, or head-mounted display (HMD), etc.

[0149] Processor 910 can perform specific calculations or tasks. Processor 910 can control display device 960. In embodiments, processor 910 can be a microprocessor, central processing unit (CPU), or application processor (AP), etc. Processor 910 can be connected to other components via address bus, control bus, or data bus, etc. Processor 910 can also be connected to an expansion bus such as a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0150] The memory device 920 can store data for the operation of the electronic device 900. For example, the memory device 920 may include non-volatile memory devices such as erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) devices, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) devices, flash memory devices, phase-change random access memory (PRAM) devices, resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices, nanofloating gate memory (NFGM) devices, polymer random access memory (PoRAM) devices, magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices, or ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM) devices, and / or volatile memory devices such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM) devices, static random access memory (SRAM) devices, or mobile DRAM devices.

[0151] Storage device 930 may include solid-state drives (SSDs), hard disk drives (HDDs), or optical disc drives (CD-ROMs), etc.

[0152] The input / output device 940 may include input devices such as a keyboard, keypad, touchpad, touch screen or mouse, and output devices such as a speaker or printer.

[0153] Power supply 950 can supply power for the operation of electronic device 900. Display device 960 can be connected to other components via a bus or other communication link. In an embodiment, display device 960 may be included in input / output device 940.

[0154] Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described herein with reference to them, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as described in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A window module, wherein, The window module includes: Matrix substrate; and The anti-reflective layer includes: A plurality of first refractive layers are located on the substrate, comprising a first inorganic material, and each of the plurality of first refractive layers has a first refractive index; A plurality of second refractive layers, located between the plurality of first refractive layers, comprising a second inorganic material, and each of the plurality of second refractive layers having a second refractive index greater than the first refractive index; and A plurality of third refractive layers, located between the plurality of first refractive layers and the plurality of second refractive layers, comprising a third inorganic material, and each of the plurality of third refractive layers having a third refractive index that is greater than the first refractive index and smaller than the second refractive index.

2. The window module according to claim 1, wherein, The first refractive index of each of the plurality of first refractive layers is in the range of 1.45 to 1.

5.

3. The window module according to claim 1, wherein, The second refractive index of each of the plurality of second refractive layers is in the range of 1.95 to 2.

1.

4. The window module according to claim 1, wherein, The third refractive index of each of the plurality of third refractive layers is in the range of 1.54 to 1.

7.

5. The window module according to claim 1, wherein, The first inorganic material includes silicon dioxide (SiO2) and silicon oxide (SiO2). x ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y ), silicon aluminum oxide (Si) x Al y O z Magnesium fluoride (MgF2), magnesium oxide (MgO), and germanium oxide (GeO) x At least one selected from the group consisting of ).

6. The window module according to claim 1, wherein, The second inorganic material includes silicon nitride (Si3N4), aluminum nitride (AlN), and aluminum silicon nitride (SiAl). x N y Germanium nitride (GeN) x ), silicon germanium nitride (SiGe) x N y At least one of the following is selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2).

7. The window module according to claim 1, wherein, The third inorganic material includes aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and aluminum oxynitride (AlO2). x N y ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y ) and silicon-aluminum oxynitride (SiAl) x O y N z At least one selected from the group consisting of ).

8. The window module according to claim 1, wherein, The third inorganic material has a hardness greater than that of the first inorganic material and less than that of the second inorganic material.

9. The window module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The plurality of first refractive layers include: 1-1 Refractive layer; 1-2 refractive layers, located on the 1-1 refractive layer; and Refractive layers 1-3 are located on refractive layers 1-2. The plurality of second refractive layers include: 2-1 Refractive layer; 2-2 refractive layer, located on the 2-1 refractive layer; and 2-3 refractive layer, located on the 2-2 refractive layer, and The plurality of third refractive layers include: 3-1 Refractive layer; 3-2 refractive layer, located on the 3-1 refractive layer; and 3-3 refractive layer is located on the 3-2 refractive layer.

10. The window module according to claim 9, wherein, The 1-1 refractive layer, the 3-1 refractive layer, the 1-2 refractive layer, the 2-1 refractive layer, the 3-2 refractive layer, the 2-2 refractive layer, the 3-3 refractive layer, the 2-3 refractive layer, and the 1-3 refractive layer are sequentially located on the substrate.

11. The window module according to claim 10, wherein: The thickness of the 1-1 refractive layer is in the range of 20 nm to 40 nm. The thickness of the first and second refractive layers is in the range of 50 nm to 70 nm. The thickness of the 1-3 refractive layers is in the range of 95 nm to 105 nm. The thickness of the 2-1 refractive layer is in the range of 20 nm to 30 nm. The thickness of the 2-2 refractive layer is in the range of 80 nm to 100 nm. The thickness of the 2-3 refractive layers is in the range of 45 nm to 55 nm. The thickness of the 3-1 refractive layer is in the range of 20 nm to 40 nm. The thickness of the 3-2 refractive layer is in the range of 45 nm to 65 nm, and The thickness of the 3-3 refractive layer is in the range of 5 nm to 20 nm.

12. The window module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The thickness of the antireflective layer is in the range of 400nm to 500nm.

13. The window module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The hardness of the window module is in the range of 10 GPa to 15 GPa.

14. The window module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The substrate includes: planar area; and A curved region, located on at least one side of the planar region and having a predetermined curvature.

15. The window module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The window module also includes: A hard coating layer is located between the substrate and the antireflective layer; and An anti-fingerprint layer is located on the anti-reflective layer.

16. A display device, wherein, The display device includes: Display panel; Window module, located on the display panel; and An adhesive layer is used to attach the display panel and the window module. The window module includes: Matrix substrate; and The anti-reflective layer includes: A plurality of first refractive layers are located on the substrate, comprising a first inorganic material, and each of the plurality of first refractive layers has a first refractive index; A plurality of second refractive layers, located between the plurality of first refractive layers, comprising a second inorganic material, and each of the plurality of second refractive layers having a second refractive index greater than the first refractive index; and A plurality of third refractive layers, located between the plurality of first refractive layers and the plurality of second refractive layers, comprise a third inorganic material, and each of the plurality of third refractive layers has a third refractive index that is greater than the first refractive index and smaller than the second refractive index. The thickness of the antireflective layer is in the range of 400nm to 500nm.

17. The display device according to claim 16, wherein: The first refractive index of each of the plurality of first refractive layers is in the range of 1.45 to 1.

5. The second refractive index of each of the plurality of second refractive layers is in the range of 1.95 to 2.

1. The third refractive index of each of the plurality of third refractive layers is in the range of 1.54 to 1.

7. The first inorganic material includes silicon dioxide (SiO2) and silicon oxide (SiO2). x ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y ), silicon aluminum oxide (Si) x Al y O z Magnesium fluoride (MgF2), magnesium oxide (MgO), and germanium oxide (GeO) x At least one selected from the group consisting of ) The second inorganic material includes silicon nitride (Si3N4), aluminum nitride (AlN), and aluminum silicon nitride (SiAl). x N y Germanium nitride (GeN) x ), silicon germanium nitride (SiGe) x N y At least one of the following is selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentoxide (Ta₂O₅), titanium dioxide (TiO₂), and zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂): The third inorganic material includes aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and aluminum oxynitride (AlO2). x N y ), silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y ) and silicon-aluminum oxynitride (SiAl) x O y N z At least one selected from the group consisting of ).

18. The display device according to any one of claims 16 and 17, wherein: The plurality of first refractive layers include: 1-1 Refractive layer; 1-2 refractive layers, located on the 1-1 refractive layer; and Refractive layers 1-3 are located on refractive layers 1-2. The plurality of second refractive layers include: 2-1 Refractive layer; 2-2 refractive layer, located on the 2-1 refractive layer; and 2-3 refractive layer, located on the 2-2 refractive layer, and The plurality of third refractive layers include: 3-1 Refractive layer; 3-2 refractive layer, located on the 3-1 refractive layer; and 3-3 refractive layer is located on the 3-2 refractive layer.

19. The display device according to claim 18, wherein, The 1-1 refractive layer, the 3-1 refractive layer, the 1-2 refractive layer, the 2-1 refractive layer, the 3-2 refractive layer, the 2-2 refractive layer, the 3-3 refractive layer, the 2-3 refractive layer, and the 1-3 refractive layer are sequentially located on the substrate.

20. An electronic device, wherein, The electronic device includes: Display device; and The processor controls the display device. in: The display device includes: Display panel; Window module, located on the display panel; and An adhesive layer is used to attach the display panel and the window module, and The window module is the window module according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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