A coordinated control device for temperature control and paving of mixed materials based on BeiDou and IoT.

Abstract

This application discloses a mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on BeiDou and the Internet of Things (IoT). A sensing unit collects location information, temperature information, identification information of the mixed material during transportation, and material level information from the paver. An IoT transmission unit transmits the information collected by the sensing unit to an intelligent control unit. The intelligent control unit incorporates a coupled model of transportation timeliness and temperature decay, calculates transportation status parameters and paving adaptation parameters based on the collected information, and generates scheduling instructions and temperature control early warning instructions. A collaborative execution unit controls the order of transport vehicle entry and unloading priority according to the scheduling instructions, and controls the paver's working parameters and the handling of the mixed material according to the temperature control early warning instructions. Belonging to the field of road construction technology, this structure can achieve full-process temperature control of mixed material transportation, intelligent collaborative scheduling of transportation and paving, and full-link traceability of construction data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road construction technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of asphalt pavement construction, the temperature stability of the mixture directly determines the final quality of the pavement.

[0003] Traditional construction methods have the following problems: 1. During the transportation of mixed materials, temperature can only be detected at a single point during the loading and unloading stages. There is a lack of real-time temperature control throughout the entire process, making it impossible to grasp the temperature decay pattern during transportation, which can easily lead to temperature segregation.

[0004] 2. There is no intelligent coordination mechanism between transportation and paving. The process relies entirely on manual scheduling of vehicles entering and unloading, which not only results in low scheduling efficiency but also easily leads to situations where pavers stop waiting for materials or transport vehicles wait for a long time, further aggravating the temperature loss of the mixture.

[0005] 3. Temperature segregation can lead to a decrease in the bonding strength of the mixture and insufficient compaction, which in turn can cause quality defects such as road surface cracking and loosening, and significantly shorten the service life of the road surface.

[0006] 4. In traditional construction, core data such as transportation trajectories, temperature data, scheduling records, and paving parameters are scattered and not stored in a standardized manner, and there are even cases of missing data. Once a road quality problem occurs, it is impossible to accurately locate the responsible link and troubleshoot the cause of the failure, making it difficult to achieve full-process control of construction quality.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and the Internet of Things to solve the problems in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and the Internet of Things, which can realize temperature control throughout the transportation of mixed materials, intelligent collaborative scheduling of transportation and paving, and full-link traceability of construction data. It aims to solve the core problems of traditional construction such as lagging temperature control, lack of coordination, large scheduling deviation, and lack of quality traceability. Moreover, it has a simple structure and is easy to use, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The BeiDou and IoT-based mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device includes a sensing unit, an IoT transmission unit, an intelligent control unit, and a collaborative execution unit. The sensing unit collects location, temperature, and identification information of the mixed material during transportation, as well as material level information from the paver. The IoT transmission unit transmits the information collected by the sensing unit to the intelligent control unit. The intelligent control unit incorporates a coupled model of transportation timeliness and temperature decay, calculates transportation status parameters and paving adaptation parameters based on the collected information, and generates scheduling instructions and temperature control early warning instructions. The collaborative execution unit, based on the scheduling instructions, controls the order of transport vehicle entry and the priority of unloading, and based on the temperature control early warning instructions, controls the paver's working parameters and handles the mixed material. This device solves the problems of traditional mixed material transportation lacking end-to-end temperature control, disconnect between transportation and paving, large deviations in manual scheduling, temperature segregation causing fluctuations in construction quality, and lack of traceability of construction data. It achieves collaborative management and control of the mixed material mixing, transportation, and paving processes, and full-process closed-loop temperature control, suppressing temperature segregation, ensuring the construction performance of the mixed material, and forming a full-process traceability system for construction data.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solutions and through the coordinated operation of the four core units, temperature control throughout the transportation of the mixture and intelligent collaborative scheduling of the transportation and paving processes are achieved, solving many pain points in traditional construction, forming a closed-loop temperature control system and a data traceability system, and ensuring the construction performance of the mixture and the quality of road construction from the source.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the sensing unit includes a Beidou positioning module, a temperature sensing module, a radio frequency identification module, and a material level detection module; the Beidou positioning module acquires the real-time trajectory and speed information of the transport vehicle, the temperature sensing module collects the real-time temperature information of the mixture, the radio frequency identification module binds and reads the identity information of the mixture, and the material level detection module collects the material level height information of the paver.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solutions, and through the collaborative collection of multi-dimensional construction data by multiple types of sensing modules, a complete and accurate data foundation is provided for the intelligent control, collaborative scheduling and precise execution of the equipment, supporting subsequent intelligent management and control of the entire process.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the intelligent control unit includes a data fusion module, a model calculation module, and an instruction generation module; the data fusion module unifies the spatiotemporal reference of the perceived information and completes data integration; the model calculation module calculates the temperature decay trend of the mixture and the matching degree of transportation timeliness based on the integrated data and the temperature decay coupling model; and the instruction generation module generates corresponding scheduling instructions and temperature control early warning instructions based on the calculation results.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solutions, and through the step-by-step processing of data integration, model calculation and instruction generation, the system can accurately output scheduling and temperature control early warning instructions adapted to the construction scenario, ensuring the scientific nature of the device's control logic and the accuracy of its execution.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: the collaborative execution unit determines the entry sequence and departure interval of the transport vehicles according to preset rules, thereby realizing the seamless unloading connection between the transport vehicles and the paver.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solutions and planning the operation sequence of transport vehicles according to preset rules, seamless and continuous unloading of transport vehicles and pavers can be achieved, eliminating paver downtime and ensuring continuous and stable paving operations.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention: the collaborative execution unit performs priority unloading of mixtures with temperatures below a preset threshold, and performs waste treatment on mixtures with temperatures significantly below a preset standard.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solutions, graded treatment is carried out based on the temperature state of the mixture, qualified mixtures are selected for priority construction, and unqualified mixtures are handled in accordance with regulations, thus avoiding road quality defects caused by low-temperature mixtures from the source.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention: the collaborative execution unit adjusts the working parameters of the screed and the tamping hammer of the paver according to the temperature control early warning command to adapt to the temperature state of the mixture.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the working parameters of the paver are dynamically adapted according to the temperature warning of the mixture, so that the paving operation conditions are matched with the state of the mixture, thereby improving the paving quality and road uniformity.

[0021] As a further aspect of the present invention: the intelligent control unit stores the data of the entire process of transportation, temperature control, and paving in a structured manner to form an unalterable quality traceability data archive.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, the data of the entire construction process is stored in a standardized and structured manner, and an immutable quality traceability archive is constructed, so as to realize that the data of the entire construction process can be queried, verified and traced.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention, the Internet of Things transmission unit uses wireless communication to realize real-time data interaction between the sensing unit, the intelligent control unit, and the collaborative execution unit.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, a full-link data interaction channel is established using wireless communication, ensuring the real-time performance and stability of data transmission between various modules of the device, and providing communication support for real-time intelligent control of the entire process.

[0025] As a further aspect of the present invention: a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader is fixedly installed at the discharge port of the mixing plant, and an anti-rolling temperature sensor is embedded in the middle of the asphalt mixture transport vehicle's hopper. The RFID reader binds a unique electronic tag to each truckload of mixture. The temperature sensor collects mixture temperature data at fixed intervals and transmits it to the vehicle terminal. The intelligent control unit calculates the entry sequence and departure interval of the transport vehicles based on the paver's material level height, the real-time position of the transport vehicle, and the predicted temperature of the mixture. It then performs a streamlined connection operation to ensure that the following vehicle arrives at the work position before the preceding vehicle has finished unloading.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solutions, through specific hardware deployment and multi-parameter linkage calculation, the streamlined operation of transport vehicles and pavers can be accurately implemented, and the implementation details of coordinated control between transport and paving can be refined.

[0027] As a further aspect of the present invention: the intelligent control unit stores all the data on the temperature of the mixed material transportation, the dispatching records of the transport vehicles, the adjustment records of the working parameters of the paver, and the disposal results of the mixed material into the blockchain storage system to form an unalterable construction data archive. For mixed materials with a temperature lower than the preset construction threshold, the intelligent control unit sequentially generates a priority unloading instruction, a paver working parameter adjustment instruction, and a waste disposal instruction.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solutions and relying on blockchain for evidence storage, construction data is fully preserved, graded disposal instructions are generated for low-temperature mixtures, and closed-loop execution of data traceability and temperature control is completed.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention enables intelligent coordination and closed-loop temperature control throughout the entire process of asphalt mixture mixing, transportation, and paving, precisely suppressing temperature segregation, ensuring the construction performance of the mixture, reducing pavement cracking, loosening and other defects, and significantly improving the stability and service life of pavement construction quality. This invention constructs a blockchain-based, tamper-proof data traceability system to replace manual scheduling, reduce operational errors, optimize construction coordination efficiency, reduce material waste and rework rates, and improve the intelligence, standardization, and economy of asphalt pavement construction.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in detail in the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and the Internet of Things in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, a mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on BeiDou and the Internet of Things is described below. Figure 1 As shown, it consists of a sensing unit, an IoT transmission unit, an intelligent control unit, and a collaborative execution unit. Each unit achieves bidirectional real-time linkage through wireless communication, forming a closed-loop control system covering the entire process of data acquisition, transmission, processing, command, execution, feedback, and data storage. It is suitable for the construction management and control of asphalt pavement mixtures in various types of asphalt pavement projects.

[0034] I. Perception Unit The sensing unit is the core of the device's data acquisition, comprising a BeiDou positioning module, a temperature sensing module, a radio frequency identification module, and a material level detection module. Each module is precisely deployed according to the construction scenario and works collaboratively. 1. Radio frequency identification (RFID) readers are fixedly installed at the discharge port of the mixing plant. When the mixture is loaded onto trucks, each truckload of mixture is bound with a unique electronic tag. The tag contains identification information such as the batch number of the mixture, the mix ratio, and the factory temperature, so as to realize the full-process identification of the mixture.

[0035] 2. An anti-rolling temperature sensor is embedded in the middle of the asphalt mixture transport vehicle's hopper. The sensor is embedded in the inner wall of the hopper to avoid damage from the mixture due to compression. The temperature data of the mixture is collected at a fixed period, and the collection period can be flexibly adjusted according to the ambient temperature of the construction environment.

[0036] 3. A Beidou positioning module is fixedly installed on the top of the driver's cab of the transport vehicle to accurately collect positioning information such as the vehicle's real-time trajectory, driving speed, and current location, providing spatial data support for vehicle dispatching.

[0037] 4. A material level detection module is installed above the paver's hopper to collect the material level height information of the paver in real time and accurately determine the paver's working status, such as waiting for material, full material, and normal operation.

[0038] The identity information, temperature data, location information, and material level information collected by the sensing unit are all uploaded to the IoT transmission unit in real time.

[0039] II. Internet of Things Transmission Unit The IoT transmission unit serves as a data exchange bridge between various units, employing LoRa and 4G / 5G wireless communication to establish a dual-mode transmission link, which can be flexibly switched according to the communication conditions at the construction site. 1. LoRa communication is used in remote construction areas to meet the requirements of long-distance, low-power, and small-data-volume transmission. 2. 4G / 5G communication is used in urban areas and areas with good communication to ensure high-speed transmission of large amounts of data.

[0040] This unit encrypts all data uploaded by the sensing unit and transmits it to the intelligent control unit in real time; at the same time, it receives scheduling instructions and temperature control warning instructions issued by the intelligent control unit and accurately forwards them to the corresponding execution components of the collaborative execution unit, realizing bidirectional, secure, and delay-free data interaction between the units.

[0041] III. Intelligent Control Unit The intelligent control unit is the core control hub of the device, containing a data fusion module, a model calculation module, and an instruction generation module. It also has a built-in coupling model of transportation timeliness and temperature decay. The specific working logic is as follows: 1. The data fusion module receives the encrypted sensing data, performs data deduplication, error correction, and standardization, unifies the spatiotemporal reference of all data, and forms a complete and consistent construction dataset.

[0042] 2. The model calculation module is based on the integrated dataset and combines the transportation timeliness and temperature decay coupling model to calculate the temperature decay trend of the mixture, the remaining transportation time, the amount of temperature loss, the transportation timeliness matching degree, and the paver adaptation parameters.

[0043] 3. Based on the model calculation results, the instruction generation module generates targeted vehicle dispatch instructions and temperature control warning instructions. The instructions are clear and specific and can be directly executed by the collaborative execution unit.

[0044] At the same time, the intelligent control unit will simultaneously store all construction data, such as the temperature data of the mixed material transportation, the dispatch records of the transport vehicles, the parameter adjustment records of the paver, and the results of the mixed material disposal, into the blockchain storage system. By utilizing the immutability of blockchain, a standardized and complete construction data archive will be formed.

[0045] IV. Collaborative Execution Unit The collaborative execution unit is the core of command execution, consisting of vehicle dispatching components, paver control components, and mixture handling components. It operates strictly according to the instructions issued by the intelligent control unit. 1. Vehicle dispatching: Based on the distance between the transport vehicle and the paving site, the real-time temperature of the mixture, and the material level of the paver, determine the order of vehicle entry and departure interval, and implement a streamlined unloading connection so that the next vehicle has arrived before the previous vehicle has finished unloading, to prevent the paver from stopping to wait for material or vehicles from waiting for a long time.

[0046] 2. Mixture disposal: For mixtures whose temperature is below the preset construction threshold but are still usable, priority unloading and paving operations shall be carried out; for mixtures whose temperature is significantly below the preset standard, waste disposal operations shall be carried out, and unqualified mixtures shall be prohibited from entering the paving stage.

[0047] 3. Paver control: Based on the temperature control warning command, the temperature of the paver screed, the vibration frequency, and the striking frequency and force of the tamping hammer are adjusted in real time to ensure that the paving operation parameters are precisely matched with the temperature state of the mixture.

[0048] After the collaborative execution unit completes the instruction execution, it feeds back the execution result to the intelligent control unit in real time, forming a control closed loop.

[0049] V. Overall Workflow of the Equipment 1. Loading stage of the mixture: The radio frequency identification reader binds a unique electronic tag to the mixture, and the temperature sensor collects the factory temperature and starts the periodic collection.

[0050] 2. Transportation phase: The Beidou positioning module collects vehicle positioning data, the temperature sensor continuously collects temperature data, and all data is encrypted and uploaded to the intelligent control unit via the Internet of Things transmission unit.

[0051] 3. Intelligent decision-making stage: The intelligent control unit completes data fusion and model calculation, generates scheduling instructions and temperature control early warning instructions, and issues them.

[0052] 4. Paving coordination phase: The coordination execution unit performs vehicle scheduling, paver parameter adjustment, and mixture classification and treatment, and provides feedback on the execution results.

[0053] 5. Data storage stage: The intelligent control unit stores all process data into the blockchain storage system to form a permanent and tamper-proof quality traceability file.

[0054] Example 1 This embodiment comprises a sensing unit, an IoT transmission unit, an intelligent control unit, and a collaborative execution unit. Each unit achieves bidirectional real-time linkage through wireless communication, forming a closed-loop control system covering the entire process of data acquisition, transmission, processing, instruction, execution, feedback, and evidence storage. This system is suitable for the construction management and control of asphalt pavement mixtures in various types of projects.

[0055] I. The sensing unit is used to accurately collect core data throughout the entire process of mixture transportation and paving. The specific deployment location, hardware parameters, and data collection process are as follows: Install one radio frequency identification (RFID) reader directly above the discharge port of the mixing plant. The reader supports the ISO18000-6C standard and has a communication distance of 8-12m.

[0056] After the asphalt mixture is mixed, the workers will deliver a document containing the batch number, mix proportions, and factory outlet temperature. Electronic tags containing information such as mixing time, model: Alien Higgs-9, are affixed to the outside of the transport vehicle's hopper. The reader reads the tag information in real time and binds it to the corresponding vehicle, completing the identification binding of the mixed material.

[0057] A temperature sensor (PT100 platinum resistance anti-rollover sensor) is installed at the discharge port of the silo below the mixing plant's discharge port. The sensor has a temperature measurement range of -50℃ to 200℃ and an accuracy of ±0.1℃. It is used to collect the initial temperature of the mixture at the moment of discharge, serving as the core input parameter for the coupled model. .

[0058] Three PT100 platinum resistance temperature sensors are embedded in the inner wall of the hopper of each transport vehicle. The sensors are arranged in an equilateral triangle with a spacing of 50cm. They are encapsulated in stainless steel and have a compressive strength of ≥10MPa. They can withstand the vibration during the rolling and transportation of the mixture and collect real-time temperature data of the mixture every 30 seconds.

[0059] A Beidou-3 positioning module, model: Hexin Xingtong UM220-IV, is installed on the top of the driver's cab of the transport vehicle. The module supports Beidou-3 B1C / B2a signals and is also compatible with GPS / GLONASS systems. The positioning accuracy is ±0.5m, the update frequency is 1Hz, and it collects information such as the vehicle's real-time location, speed, and trajectory in real time.

[0060] Paver end layout An ultrasonic material level detection module, model: Siemens 7ML1201, is installed inside the hopper above the paver. It has a detection range of 0-5m, an accuracy of ±1cm, and an update frequency of 2Hz. It collects the material level height in the paver's hopper in real time, which serves as the core basis for generating scheduling instructions.

[0061] II. The IoT transmission unit is responsible for the encrypted transmission of data collected by the sensing unit and the reverse transmission of commands. It adopts LoRa (long-range low-power wireless communication) and 4G / 5G dual-mode communication. The specific implementation process is as follows: Hardware configuration Each module of the sensing unit integrates a LoRa communication submodule, model: Semtech SX1276, operating frequency band 433MHz, transmit power 27dBm, transmission distance ≥5km; the transport vehicle and paver end additionally integrate a 4G / 5G communication module, model: Qualcomm Snapdragon X55, supporting Sub-6GHz frequency band.

[0062] The intelligent control unit is equipped with a dual-band communication receiving module, which can simultaneously receive LoRa and 4G / 5G signals to achieve stable data reception.

[0063] Transmission process When the construction area is in a remote mountainous area with no 4G / 5G signal coverage, the sensing unit transmits the collected temperature, location, material level and other data to the nearest LoRa gateway via the LoRa module. The LoRa gateway then uploads the data to the cloud server of the intelligent control unit via the 4G / 5G network.

[0064] When the construction area is in an urban area or a road section with good signal coverage, the sensing unit directly uploads data to the cloud server through the 4G / 5G module, reducing data transmission latency.

[0065] All data transmission is encrypted using the AES-256 encryption algorithm. After receiving the data, the cloud server first decrypts and verifies it to ensure that the data is not tampered with or stolen.

[0066] III. The intelligent control unit is the core of the device, responsible for data fusion, coupled model calculation, instruction generation, and data storage. The specific implementation process is as follows: Data fusion includes: After receiving the raw data uploaded by the sensing unit, the cloud server completes data preprocessing through the data fusion module: First, it deduplicates and corrects data such as temperature and location, and removes outliers caused by sensor malfunctions, such as sudden temperature rises / falls and location drift; then, it unifies the spatiotemporal reference of the data, synchronizes the timestamps of different acquisition devices to the atomic clock time, and converts the location data into a unified WGS-84 coordinate system to complete data integration.

[0067] The coupled model calculation of transport time and temperature decay includes: The intelligent control unit's built-in model calculation module calls the coupled model of transportation timeliness and temperature decay, and performs real-time calculations based on the integrated input parameters. The model formula and specific calculation process are as follows: Coupled model formula: in: The temperature of the mixture leaving the plant is collected by the temperature sensor at the mixing plant, with a range of 140℃~160℃. Temperature decay coefficient, determined by the asphalt grade. In this embodiment, SBS modified asphalt (grade ID) is used. The value is 0.008; Transportation time is calculated from the vehicle's departure time and the current time collected by the BeiDou positioning module, in minutes. Vehicle speed, collected by the BeiDou positioning module, in km / h; Insulation layer thickness: In this embodiment, a 5cm thick polyurethane insulation layer is used. cm; Standard insulation layer thickness, taken as 10cm.

[0068] Specific calculation example: A transport vehicle departed at 8:00 and arrived at the construction site at 8:30. min; average speed during driving km / h; Substitute into the formula to calculate: The model output is as follows: The real-time temperature of the mixture is 141.27℃, the temperature decay rate is 0.29℃ / min, and the predicted temperature at the construction site is 141.27℃.

[0069] The model calculates once per minute, updating the temperature and decay trend of the mixture in real time, providing data support for scheduling instructions and temperature control early warning.

[0070] The instruction generation module generates two types of core instructions based on the model calculation results and preset thresholds: Temperature control warning command: When the calculated real-time temperature of the mixture is below 120℃, a first-level temperature control warning command is generated; when the temperature is below 100℃, a second-level temperature control warning command, i.e., a waste disposal command, is generated.

[0071] Dispatch instructions: Based on the paver material level, real-time location of transport vehicles, and temperature forecast, generate instructions for vehicle entry sequence and entry time interval. The preset rule is: when the paver material level is below 1 / 3 of the hopper capacity, prioritize dispatching the nearest vehicle with a temperature forecast ≥120℃; the vehicle entry time interval is 30 seconds to ensure continuous paver operation.

[0072] The intelligent control unit integrates all process data, including temperature, location, material level, instructions, and execution results, and stores them in a structured format according to timestamps, equipment numbers, and data content. It then uploads the data to a blockchain-based evidence storage system to generate an unalterable quality traceability archive with a storage period of ≥5 years.

[0073] IV. The collaborative execution unit is responsible for receiving and executing instructions from the intelligent control unit, and simultaneously feeding back the execution results. The specific implementation process is as follows: The transport vehicle driver receives dispatch instructions through the vehicle terminal. The instructions include information such as the order of entry, entry time, and unloading location. The driver then drives to the designated unloading area at the construction site according to the instructions.

[0074] One RFID reader is installed in the unloading area of ​​the construction site. When the transport vehicle arrives at the unloading area, the reader reads the vehicle's electronic tag, verifies the identity information of the mixture, and allows unloading after confirming that there is no error.

[0075] When the temperature of the mixture collected by the temperature sensor is ≥120℃ during unloading, the collaborative execution unit unloads the material according to the normal process, and after the unloading is completed, it feeds back the execution result to the intelligent control unit.

[0076] When the temperature is below 120℃ but above 100℃ during unloading, the collaborative execution unit executes the priority unloading process and records the temperature of the batch of mixture, which is then fed back to the intelligent control unit for data archiving.

[0077] When the temperature is below 100℃ during unloading, the collaborative execution unit immediately stops unloading and executes the waste disposal process. The staff transfers the batch of mixed material to the waste area, and at the same time, the waste disposal results, such as vehicle number, temperature, and processing time, are fed back to the intelligent control unit in real time.

[0078] When the intelligent control unit generates a temperature control early warning command, the collaborative execution unit sends parameter adjustment commands to the paver: When the mixture temperature is 120℃~130℃, adjust the paver screed temperature to 150℃, and maintain the tamping hammer frequency at 28Hz and the hammer force at 80%. When the mixture temperature is 110℃~120℃, adjust the paver screed temperature to 160℃, increase the tamping frequency to 30Hz, and maintain 85% of the tamping force. After receiving the control command, the paver automatically adjusts the parameters and feeds the adjusted parameters back to the intelligent control unit, forming a closed-loop control.

[0079] Each time the collaborative execution unit completes the execution of an instruction, it feeds back the execution result, including success / failure, specific parameters, and abnormal situations, to the intelligent control unit via the 4G / 5G module. The intelligent control unit verifies the feedback result. If an abnormality occurs, such as scheduling failure or waste processing not being executed, it regenerates the instruction and sends it out.

[0080] This invention provides a mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and the Internet of Things, which can realize temperature control throughout the transportation of mixed materials, intelligent collaborative scheduling of transportation and paving, and full-link traceability of construction data. It aims to solve the core problems of traditional construction such as lagging temperature control, lack of coordination, large scheduling deviation, and lack of quality traceability.

[0081] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0082] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on BeiDou and IoT, characterized in that, It includes a sensing unit, an IoT transmission unit, an intelligent control unit, and a collaborative execution unit. The sensing unit collects location information, temperature information, identification information, and material level information of the transported mixture. The IoT transmission unit transmits the information collected by the sensing unit to the intelligent control unit. The intelligent control unit has a built-in coupled model of transport timeliness and temperature decay, calculates transport status parameters and paving adaptation parameters based on the collected information, and generates scheduling instructions and temperature control warning instructions. The collaborative execution unit performs the control of the order of transport vehicle entry and the priority of unloading according to the scheduling instructions, and performs the control of paver working parameters and the handling of the mixture according to the temperature control warning instructions.

2. The mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and IoT as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing unit includes a Beidou positioning module, a temperature sensing module, an RFID module, and a material level detection module. The Beidou positioning module acquires the real-time trajectory and speed information of the transport vehicle, the temperature sensing module collects the real-time temperature information of the mixture, the RFID module binds to and reads the identity information of the mixture, and the material level detection module collects the material level height information of the paver.

3. The mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and IoT as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control unit includes a data fusion module, a model calculation module, and an instruction generation module; The data fusion module unifies the spatiotemporal reference of perceived information and completes data integration. The model calculation module calculates the matching degree between the temperature decay trend of the mixture and transportation timeliness based on the integrated data and the temperature decay coupling model. The instruction generation module generates corresponding scheduling instructions and temperature control early warning instructions based on the calculation results.

4. The mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and IoT as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The collaborative execution unit determines the entry sequence and departure interval of transport vehicles according to preset rules, so as to realize the seamless unloading connection between transport vehicles and pavers.

5. The mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and IoT as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The collaborative execution unit prioritizes unloading mixtures with temperatures below a preset threshold and treats mixtures with temperatures significantly below a preset standard as waste.

6. The mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and IoT as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The collaborative execution unit adjusts the working parameters of the screed and tamping hammer of the paver according to the temperature control early warning command to adapt to the temperature state of the mixture.

7. The mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and IoT as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control unit stores the data from the entire process of transportation, temperature control, and paving in a structured manner, forming an immutable quality traceability data archive.

8. The mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and IoT as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The Internet of Things (IoT) transmission unit uses wireless communication to enable real-time data interaction between the sensing unit, intelligent control unit, and collaborative execution unit.

9. The mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and IoT as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Radio frequency identification (RFID) readers are fixedly installed at the discharge port of the mixing plant. Anti-rolling temperature sensors are buried in the middle of the asphalt mixture transport vehicle's hopper. The RFID reader binds a unique electronic tag to each truck's mixture. The temperature sensor collects the mixture temperature data at fixed intervals and transmits it to the vehicle terminal. The intelligent control unit calculates the truck entry sequence and departure interval based on the paver's material level height, the real-time location of the transport vehicle, and the predicted temperature of the mixture. It then performs a streamlined connection operation to ensure that the following truck arrives at the work position before the previous truck has finished unloading.

10. The mixed material transportation temperature control and paving collaborative control device based on Beidou and IoT as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control unit stores all data on the temperature of the mixed material during transportation, the dispatch records of the transport vehicles, the adjustment records of the working parameters of the paver, and the results of the disposal of the mixed material into the blockchain storage system, forming an immutable construction data archive. For mixed materials with a temperature lower than the preset construction threshold, the intelligent control unit generates priority unloading instructions, paver working parameter adjustment instructions, and waste disposal instructions in sequence.

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