Ecological restoration methods, devices, storage media and electronic equipment

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the field of ecological protection technology, specifically to an ecological restoration method, apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device. The ecological restoration method includes: establishing a first objective function with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive utility value of ecological restoration technologies in a target area, and establishing a second objective function with the goal of maximizing the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies; constructing a multi-objective function based on the first and second objective functions, and constructing constraints based on the budget, construction period, and feasibility of implementing the ecological restoration technologies to obtain a multi-objective optimization model; analyzing the multi-objective optimization model to obtain a preferred list of ecological restoration technologies for each unit area within the target area, and selecting target ecological restoration technologies for each unit area based on the preferred list of ecological restoration technologies. The ecological restoration method provided by this disclosure can systematically, quantitatively, and precisely address the complex problem of adapting ecological restoration technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of ecological protection technology, specifically to an ecological restoration method, an ecological restoration device, a storage medium, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Human activities have had widespread negative impacts on natural ecosystems, leading to functional degradation and biodiversity loss, directly threatening the foundation of human survival and development. Ecological restoration targets these damaged or degraded ecosystems, employing a series of intervention measures aimed at restoring their ecological functions, enhancing biodiversity, and rebuilding ecological balance.

[0003] Currently, for most areas, priority is given to relying on the ecosystem's self-regulation, self-purification, and self-recovery capabilities; for severely damaged systems, appropriate human intervention is used to accelerate the recovery process, which largely depends on human experience.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an ecological restoration method, ecological restoration device, storage medium, and electronic device, aiming to adapt ecological restoration technology to this complex problem in a systematic, quantitative, and precise manner.

[0006] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part from practice of this disclosure.

[0007] According to one aspect of this disclosure, an ecological restoration method is provided, comprising: A first objective function is established with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive utility value of ecological restoration technologies in the target area, and a second objective function is established with the goal of maximizing the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies. A multi-objective function is constructed based on the first objective function and the second objective function, and constraints are constructed based on the budget, construction period and feasibility of ecological restoration technology implementation, so as to obtain a multi-objective optimization model; The multi-objective optimization model is analyzed to obtain a preferred list of ecological restoration technologies for each unit area within the target region, and a target ecological restoration technology is selected for each unit area based on the preferred list of ecological restoration technologies.

[0008] Optionally, the establishment of the first objective function with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive utility value of ecological restoration technology in the target area includes: Based on the technical parameter vector corresponding to the ecological restoration technology and the regional feature vector corresponding to the target area, the technical applicability value of the ecological restoration technology in each unit area within the target area is calculated; and The unit utility value of ecological restoration technology in each unit region is calculated based on a pre-constructed multi-objective comprehensive evaluation function; the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation function includes an expected ecological benefit function, an economic cost function, a construction time function, a construction difficulty function, and an implementation risk function; The comprehensive utility value of the ecological restoration technology in the target area is calculated based on the technology applicability value, the unit utility value, and the decision variables. The first objective function is constructed by maximizing the overall utility value.

[0009] Optionally, the method further includes: constructing the expected ecological benefit function, wherein constructing the expected ecological benefit function includes: Calculate the ecological demand vector of each unit area within the target area, the intensity of the improvement effect of implementing ecological restoration technology on ecological indicators, the matching degree between ecological restoration technology and ecological problems, and the probability of occurrence of ecological problems in each unit area; The expected ecological benefit function is constructed based on the ecological demand vector, the intensity of the improvement effect, the probability of the problem occurring, and the matching degree.

[0010] Optionally, the establishment of the second objective function with the goal of maximizing the synergistic gain among various ecological restoration technologies includes: Calculate the ecological demand vector of each unit region within the target area; and Accessibility of ecological restoration technologies for construction; Calculate the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies based on the ecological demand vector, the construction accessibility conditions, and decision variables. The second objective function is constructed by maximizing the synergistic gain value.

[0011] Optionally, calculating the ecological demand vector of each unit region within the target area includes: Obtain ecological indicators, which include secondary indicators under primary indicators; For a given primary indicator, the initial observation values ​​of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator in the unit area within the target area are obtained, and the initial observation values ​​are dimensionless according to the type of the secondary indicator to obtain the indicator value. The objective weights of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator are calculated using the entropy method, and the subjective weights of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator are obtained, so as to calculate the fusion weight based on the objective weights and the subjective weights. The comprehensive value of the primary indicator is calculated based on the indicator values ​​of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator and the fusion weight; The ecological demand vector is obtained by traversing each of the primary indicators to obtain the comprehensive value corresponding to each primary indicator.

[0012] Optionally, the constraints on the budget, schedule, and feasibility of implementing ecological restoration technologies include: A budget constraint is established so that the total cost of ecological restoration technologies in the target area does not exceed the upper budget limit. A time constraint is established by ensuring that the estimated construction period for ecological restoration technologies within the target area does not exceed the upper limit of the construction period; and Feasibility constraints are constructed based on the constraint that the construction conditions of ecological restoration technology do not exceed the sum of spatial and temporal constraints.

[0013] Optionally, the method further includes: Acquire ecological monitoring data and technical construction data after implementing ecological restoration technologies in the target area; The parameters in the multi-objective optimization model are updated using Bayesian methods based on the ecological monitoring data and the technical construction data.

[0014] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, an ecological restoration device is provided, comprising: The objective function module is used to establish a first objective function with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive utility value of ecological restoration technologies in the target area, and to establish a second objective function with the goal of maximizing the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies. The model building module is used to construct a multi-objective function based on the first objective function and the second objective function, and to construct constraints based on the budget, construction period and feasibility of ecological restoration technology implementation, so as to obtain a multi-objective optimization model; The model solving module is used to parse the multi-objective optimization model to obtain a preferred list of ecological restoration technologies for each unit area within the target area, and to select target ecological restoration technologies for each unit area based on the preferred list of ecological restoration technologies.

[0015] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the ecological restoration method as described in the above embodiments.

[0016] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, characterized in that it includes: one or more processors; and a storage device for storing one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the ecological restoration method as described in the above embodiments.

[0017] The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein may have some or all of the following beneficial effects: In some embodiments of this disclosure, the technical solutions construct a multi-objective function with the objectives of maximizing the comprehensive utility of ecological restoration technologies in the target area and maximizing the synergistic gain among various ecological restoration technologies. Constraints are established based on the budget, construction period, and feasibility of ecological restoration technology implementation to construct a multi-objective optimization model. Finally, by solving the multi-objective optimization model, a preferred list of ecological restoration technologies for each unit area within the target area is obtained, which is used to select the optimal combination of ecological restoration technologies for different unit areas. On the one hand, by constructing a multi-objective optimization model, the complex adaptation of ecological restoration technologies is systematically, quantitatively, and precisely processed, providing a new method for selecting ecological restoration technologies and better achieving ecological restoration effects. On the other hand, the objective function, constructed with the objectives of maximizing the comprehensive utility of ecological restoration technologies in the target area and maximizing the synergistic gain among various ecological restoration technologies, can maximize the synergistic gain effect between ecological restoration technologies while enhancing their comprehensive utility, thus systematically adapting technologies.

[0018] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 The illustration schematically shows a process diagram of an ecological restoration method in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 The illustration schematically shows a flowchart for establishing a first objective function in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 The illustration schematically shows a flowchart for establishing a second objective function in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 This illustration schematically shows a flowchart for calculating an ecological demand vector in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 5 The illustration schematically shows a logical diagram of the execution of an ecological restoration method in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 6 This schematic diagram illustrates the composition of an ecological restoration device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 7 The schematic diagram illustrates the structure of a computer system of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0021] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this disclosure.

[0022] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0023] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily need to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The implementation details of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below.

[0025] Figure 1 This illustration schematically depicts a process flow diagram of an ecological restoration method according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the ecological restoration method includes steps S101 to S105: Step S101: Establish a first objective function with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive utility value of ecological restoration technology in the target area, and establish a second objective function with the goal of maximizing the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies; Step S103: Construct a multi-objective function based on the first objective function and the second objective function, and construct constraints based on the budget, construction period and feasibility of ecological restoration technology implementation, so as to obtain a multi-objective optimization model; Step S105: Analyze the multi-objective optimization model to obtain a preferred list of ecological restoration technologies for each unit area within the target area, and select target ecological restoration technologies for each unit area based on the preferred list of ecological restoration technologies.

[0026] This disclosure constructs a multi-objective function with the objectives of maximizing the comprehensive utility of ecological restoration technologies in the target area and maximizing the synergistic gain among various ecological restoration technologies. It also establishes constraints based on the budget, construction period, and feasibility of ecological restoration technology implementation to build a multi-objective optimization model. Finally, by solving the multi-objective optimization model, a preferred list of ecological restoration technologies for each unit area within the target area is obtained, which is used to select the optimal combination of ecological restoration technologies for different unit areas. On the one hand, by constructing a multi-objective optimization model, the complex adaptation of ecological restoration technologies is systematically, quantitatively, and precisely processed, providing a new method for selecting ecological restoration technologies and better achieving ecological restoration effects. On the other hand, the objective function, constructed to maximize the comprehensive utility of ecological restoration technologies in the target area and the synergistic gain among various ecological restoration technologies, can enhance the comprehensive utility of ecological restoration technologies while maximizing the synergistic gain effect between them, systematically adapting technologies.

[0027] The following will describe in more detail each step of the ecological restoration method in this exemplary embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] In step S101, a first objective function is established with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive utility value of ecological restoration technology in the target area, and a second objective function is established with the goal of maximizing the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies.

[0029] Specifically, the ecological restoration method provided in this disclosure includes two objective functions: one is to maximize the comprehensive utility value of ecological restoration technologies in the target area, and the other is to maximize the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies.

[0030] Figure 2 This schematically illustrates a flowchart of establishing a first objective function according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 As shown, establishing the first objective function specifically includes the following steps: Step S201: Based on the technical parameter vector corresponding to the ecological restoration technology and the regional feature vector corresponding to the target area, calculate the technical applicability value of the ecological restoration technology in each unit area within the target area; and Step S203: Calculate the unit utility value of ecological restoration technology in each unit region based on a pre-constructed multi-objective comprehensive evaluation function; the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation function includes an expected ecological benefit function, an economic cost function, a construction time function, a construction difficulty function, and an implementation risk function; Step S205: Calculate the comprehensive utility value of the ecological restoration technology in the target area based on the technology applicability value, the unit utility value, and the decision variables; Step S207: Construct the first objective function with the maximum comprehensive utility value.

[0031] Specifically, in order to analyze the target region in a fine-grained manner S How does China use ecological restoration technology (hereinafter referred to as technology)? t To better achieve ecological and environmental improvement, the target area can be... S Divided into multiple unit areas s .

[0032] In step S201, for each technology to be evaluated t In the unit area s To assess the applicability of a technology, an applicability function is introduced to calculate its applicability value. :

[0033] In the formula, Vector of technical parameters corresponding to ecological restoration technologies; This is the regional feature vector corresponding to the target area, which includes, for example, topography, soil type, water conditions, ecological level, etc. This is the Sigmoid mapping function, used to compress the linear response to the [0,1] interval.

[0034] In step S203, to establish a trade-off between benefits and costs, time, and risks, a multi-objective comprehensive evaluation function can be introduced. This mainly includes the technology. t In this unit area s Expected ecological benefits during implementation Economic costs Construction time Construction difficulty and implementation risks .

[0035] Regarding expected ecological benefits In one embodiment of this disclosure, constructing the expected ecological benefit function includes: Calculate the ecological demand vector of each unit area within the target area, the intensity of the improvement effect of implementing ecological restoration technology on ecological indicators, the matching degree between ecological restoration technology and ecological problems, and the probability of occurrence of ecological problems in each unit area; The expected ecological benefit function is constructed based on the ecological demand vector, the intensity of the improvement effect, the probability of the problem occurring, and the matching degree.

[0036] Specifically, for the ecological demand vector of each unit area within the target area This can be achieved by using preset ecological indicators (hereinafter referred to as indicators). , The assessment is based on observed values. Ecological indicators , include k Each primary indicator, and m There are two secondary indicators, and each primary indicator can correspond to one or more secondary indicators.

[0037] The intensity of the improvement effect of ecological restoration technologies on ecological indicators can be determined through technological means. For indicators , Indicator Improvement Effect Strength Coefficient With technology Ecological indicators , Indicator Improvement Effect Function It is represented by the product of .

[0038] The matching degree between ecological restoration technologies and ecological problems It can obtain technical results through methods including expert databases, literature knowledge extraction, and learning from historical restoration project experience, and through manual annotation or similarity models based on text embedding. t ecological issues j Matching degree matrix , .

[0039] The probability of ecological problems occurring in each unit area. This can be achieved through semantic segmentation by constructing a multimodal, multi-task network. Ecological issues j Examples include bare land / degraded land, encroached areas, runoff confluence / siltation areas, polluted water bodies, invasive patches, and mining disturbance areas.

[0040] Therefore, regarding technology In the unit area The expected ecological benefits are defined as follows:

[0041] Based on this, the model achieves dynamic weighted coupling of the three factors: problem distribution, ecological needs, and technological effects.

[0042] In addition, for the depiction technique t To account for resource consumption and uncertainties during implementation, four binding cost items are introduced: Regarding economic costs : ; Regarding construction time : ; Regarding the difficulty of construction : ; Regarding implementation risks : ; in, For unit region s The set of regional characteristic variables, such as terrain slope, road accessibility, seasonal constraints, and policy support; , , , These are coefficient vectors representing economic cost, construction time, construction difficulty, and implementation risk, which can be estimated through expert scoring or empirical regression.

[0043] Finally, a multi-objective comprehensive evaluation function is constructed. Expected ecological benefits The first constraint is a positive benefit, while the second constraint is a negative benefit, namely economic cost, construction time, construction difficulty, and implementation risk. as follows:

[0044] in: , , , , The weights are respectively the expected ecological benefits, economic costs, construction time, construction difficulty, and implementation risks.

[0045] It should be noted that the weighting coefficients can be determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) or the quadratic preference adjustment method. If there is no prior expert knowledge, the entropy weight or standardization deviation method can be used to estimate them automatically.

[0046] In step S205, for the evaluation technology t In the target area as a whole The comprehensive effect is first defined by the regional cumulative utility. for:

[0047] In the formula, The applicability value of the ecological restoration technology in each unit area within the target area is calculated by step S301; The unit utility value of the ecological restoration technology in each of the aforementioned unit regions is calculated by step S303.

[0048] It should be noted that, It can serve as a standard for comprehensively scoring and prioritizing various technologies, and can be used for the optimal selection and ranking of technical solutions in different regions.

[0049] Decision variables are , Indicate whether to select this technology t Finally, construct the first objective function:

[0050] Figure 3 This schematic diagram illustrates a flowchart for establishing a second objective function according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, establishing the second objective function specifically includes the following steps: Step S301: Calculate the ecological demand vector of each unit region within the target area; and Step S303: Obtain the conditions for the construction of ecological restoration technologies; Step S305: Calculate the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies based on the ecological demand vector, the construction accessibility conditions, and decision variables; Step S307: Construct the second objective function with the maximum synergistic gain value.

[0051] Specifically, for the ecological demand vector of each unit area within the target area In the same step S203, preset indicators can be used. , The assessment is based on observed values, while also considering the feasibility of construction using introduced technologies. A cc ( s To determine the synergistic gain coefficient between technologies. .

[0052] The cooperative gain coefficient is used to characterize the interaction between technologies. A positive value indicates a synergistic gain between technologies. A negative value indicates a conflict between technologies, such as "resource conflict" or "process incompatibility". The synergy gain value between any two technologies can be calculated based on the synergy gain coefficient.

[0053] Finally, construct the second objective function:

[0054] In the formula, To remove the selected technology t Other technologies besides those mentioned above.

[0055] Both constructing the first objective function and the second objective function require calculating the ecological demand vector of each unit region within the target area. Figure 4 This schematically illustrates a flowchart for calculating an ecological demand vector in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, such as... Figure 4 As shown, calculating the ecological demand vector includes the following steps: Step S401: Obtain ecological indicators, which include secondary indicators under primary indicators; Step S403: For the first-level indicator, obtain the initial observation value of the second-level indicator under the first-level indicator in the target area, and perform dimensionless processing on the initial observation value according to the type of the second-level indicator to obtain the indicator value. Step S405: The objective weights of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator are calculated using the entropy method, and the subjective weights of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator are obtained, so as to calculate the fusion weight based on the objective weights and the subjective weights. Step S407: Calculate the comprehensive value of the primary indicator based on the indicator values ​​of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator and the fusion weight; Step S409: Traverse each of the primary indicators to obtain the ecological demand vector composed of the comprehensive values ​​corresponding to each primary indicator.

[0056] In step S401, ecological indicators need to be obtained first. In order to achieve the goal of integrated assessment and comprehensive management of multiple elements of the ecosystem, an indicator system of six major systems, namely "mountain-water-forest-field-lake-grass-mineral", can be constructed in advance.

[0057] For example, let the set of primary indicators be: ,in: 1. For water source conservation; 2. Soil and water conservation; 3. Water environment protection; 4. For biodiversity; 5. Landscape construction; 6. Mine environment restoration.

[0058] In step S403, each primary indicator Includes several secondary indicators , Its original observation value is denoted as , ( Due to significant differences in the dimensions, magnitudes, and meanings of various indicators, range standardization is applied to the indicators to achieve unified quantification and comparability.

[0059] This normalization process ensures that all indicator values... This facilitates comprehensive evaluation calculations and visualization.

[0060] In step S405, to reduce subjective interference and improve the objectivity of indicator weight allocation, the entropy method can be used for calculation:

[0061] Based on this, the objective weights of each indicator are obtained:

[0062] Considering the experience of domain experts and regional policy orientation, subjective weights can be obtained using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) or Delphi method. .

[0063] Finally, a linear weighted fusion method is used to combine the advantages of both weighting methods:

[0064] in, These are weighting coefficients used to control the balance between objective and subjective weights. It can usually be taken as 0.5–0.7.

[0065] In step S407, the comprehensive score of each primary indicator is calculated based on the weighted normalization index:

[0066] In step S409, the final step is to iterate through each primary indicator to obtain the comprehensive ecological demand vector:

[0067] This vector is used for subsequent ecological zoning, restoration priority ranking, and spatial decision support.

[0068] Step S103: Construct a multi-objective function based on the first objective function and the second objective function, and construct constraints based on the budget, construction period and feasibility of ecological restoration technology implementation, so as to obtain a multi-objective optimization model.

[0069] Specifically, after completing the aforementioned technology selection and scoring, budget, schedule and construction feasibility constraints are further introduced to construct a combined optimization model with multiple constraints, thereby achieving global collaborative decision-making and optimal resource allocation for ecological restoration technologies.

[0070] Since the first objective function and the second objective function are constructed in step S102, the multi-objective function of the multi-objective optimization model is obtained by combining them as follows:

[0071] In the formula, For technology The overall utility value in the target region. For technology Other technologies The synergistic gain coefficient between '.

[0072] In addition to constructing the multi-objective function, it is also necessary to construct constraints. In one embodiment of this disclosure, the construction of constraints based on the budget, schedule, and feasibility of ecological restoration technology implementation includes: A budget constraint is established so that the total cost of ecological restoration technologies in the target area does not exceed the upper budget limit. A time constraint is established by ensuring that the estimated construction period for ecological restoration technologies within the target area does not exceed the upper limit of the construction period; and Feasibility constraints are constructed based on the constraint that the construction conditions of ecological restoration technology do not exceed the sum of spatial and temporal constraints.

[0073] Specifically, constraint one is a budget constraint, and constraint two is a schedule constraint, namely:

[0074] In the formula, , These are the total cost and estimated time for implementing the technology within the target area's spatial scope, respectively. B , T Do not specify the budget ceiling or the project duration ceiling. Among them:

[0075] In the formula, This is a value indicating the applicability of the technology. For economic costs; This refers to the construction period.

[0076] Constraint three is a feasibility constraint, which considers both spatial and temporal implementation limitations and must satisfy logical constraints such as seasonality, construction conflicts, and policy approvals.

[0077] In the formula, Indicates technical construction items, This represents the constraint value.

[0078] In addition, there are binary decision constraints on decision variables, i.e. .

[0079] Step S105: Analyze the multi-objective optimization model to obtain a preferred list of ecological restoration technologies for each unit area within the target area, and select target ecological restoration technologies for each unit area based on the preferred list of ecological restoration technologies.

[0080] Specifically, when solving this multi-objective optimization model, the uncertainties of ecological projects are considered, such as cost fluctuations, seasonal variations, and construction risks, and an opportunity constraint model is introduced:

[0081] In the formula, This is a preset probability threshold. This constraint means that the probability of budget overrun does not exceed [a certain threshold]. .

[0082] It can then be transformed into a solvable linear form using Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) or scenario set approximation linearization methods for robust optimization solutions.

[0083] The solution is obtained by using MIQP + CVaR, and convergence is achieved quickly through heuristic or swap strategies, resulting in the optimal combination of budget, schedule, and risk.

[0084] In one embodiment of this disclosure, , , All of these can be learned by constructing knowledge graphs.

[0085] Specifically, building a technical knowledge set Furthermore, a "technology-problem-indicator" effect mapping model was established to achieve quantitative coupling from restoration needs to technological responses, enabling precise matching and dynamic response assessment of ecological restoration technologies and ecological problems.

[0086] First, let's define the technology set: The technical content covers the six major systems of "mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and mines," down to specific restoration methods or engineering types, such as ecological slope protection, artificial wetlands, and habitat islands; microbial agents, graphene photocatalysis, saline-alkali land improvement, plant restoration / screening, and fish passage facilities; physical / chemical / biological remediation of mines; water-saving irrigation, shallow water zone construction, landscape water improvement / sluice gates, and recreational facilities. The technical knowledge spectrum is constructed based on literature, expert experience, and historical project data, forming a structured database for subsequent applicability, technology-problem matching, and indicator improvement effect response modeling.

[0087] Then, applicability modeling, technology-problem matching degree modeling, and indicator improvement effect function modeling are performed separately, as follows: Applicability modeling: for evaluating each technology t In the target area To determine the applicability of the above, an applicability function is introduced. ; Technology-Problem Matching Modeling: Measuring Technology t With ecological issues j The specificity is defined by defining the matching degree matrix obtained from expert knowledge or experience learning. ; Modeling the effect function of indicator improvement: a method for quantitative description Ecological indicators The repair and improvement effect is defined by the indicator change function. ,Right now:

[0088] In the formula, Input as region features; These are model parameters; To employ nonlinear response models such as the Generalized Additive Model (GAM) or Gaussian Process Regression (GPR).

[0089] By defining applicability functions for each technology ( Problem matching degree , and the indicator improvement function Δ , ( | This involves linking ecological problem types, indicator characteristics, and technological effects to form a knowledge graph, thereby achieving a structured correspondence between different restoration methods and ecological states.

[0090] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the method further includes: Acquire ecological monitoring data and technical construction data after implementing ecological restoration technologies in the target area; The parameters in the multi-objective optimization model are updated using Bayesian methods based on the ecological monitoring data and the technical construction data.

[0091] Specifically, to improve the accuracy and timeliness of the solution, Bayesian updates can be performed on relevant parameters after the implementation of ecological restoration technologies, and then the construction and solution of the multi-objective optimization model can be re-executed in the next rolling cycle, that is:

[0092] In the formula, , , For technology Ecological indicators , The improvement effect function parameter; Ω This indicates that the technology has been implemented. And obtain the set of unit regions of the monitoring samples; In the cell region Adopting technology Post-ecological indicators , The measured improvement amount; , , To feature in a given region , by parameters , , The predicted value of the improvement in the indicator by the technical effect model; (-; , 2) indicates that the mean is variance is 2 Gaussian distribution; 2represents the observation noise variance, used to characterize remote sensing inversion errors, field monitoring errors, and unmodeled environmental disturbances; Prior represents the prior distribution before the update, and Posterior represents the posterior distribution obtained by combining post-implementation ecological monitoring data and technical construction data.

[0093] The above updates allow for rolling correction of the technical effect parameters, and Δ can be recalculated in the next optimization cycle. , ( | Parameters such as ) . Further, economic cost parameters Construction time parameters and implementation risk parameters The same Bayesian update approach can also be used to make corrections based on project settlement data, construction logs, and risk event records.

[0094] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the specific implementation process of the above method is described: Step 1: Construct an ecological indicator system Based on the six major elements of an ecosystem (mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and minerals), a multi-level indicator system is constructed:

[0095] Step 2: Quantification of Construction Conditions

[0096] Introducing reachability Acc ( s ), road distance, slope, construction safety Safe ( s Constraints such as time series and seasonal windows; W ( s , t Define the optimization constraint form:

[0097] This is to ensure safety and operability during the construction period.

[0098] In the formula, Represents the feasibility constraint coefficient matrix; This represents the corresponding upper bound vector of constraints. and Accessibility can be achieved through the aforementioned reachability ( Construction safety ( ) and construction window ( , The results are obtained by combining the results after thresholding or linearization.

[0099] In one implementation, the technology can be targeted. Set minimum reachable threshold and minimum safety threshold And construct the following constraints: α t y s,t ≤ ( ); β t y s,t ≤ ( ); y s,t ≤ ( , ).

[0100] when y s,t When =1, the above inequality requires the unit region Accessibility is no less than that of technology Construction requirements must be met, construction safety must meet safety thresholds, and construction must be permitted within the corresponding seasonal window; if any condition is not met, only [construction is permitted]. , =0. By stacking all the aforementioned constraints on unit areas and technology, along with process conflict constraints, equipment / personnel capacity constraints, and policy-restricted operation constraints, row by row, a unified matrix form is obtained. ≤ For example, considering only the three basic constraints of accessibility, safety, and construction window, it can be written as:

[0101] in, , , Each unit area corresponds to ( ), ( ), ( , The values ​​are determined by the input parameters. Therefore, basic factors such as road distance and slope are not directly entered in their original form. ≤ Instead, it is first used for calculation. ( )and ( Then, it is entered into the matrix in the form of threshold constraints or linear constraints. sum vector ; ( , ) is used to limit technology In the unit area The permitted construction period and timing conditions.

[0102] Step 3: Data and Scenario Construction

[0103] Taking a mountainous lake basin as an example (such as the "Jentel Lake-sloping farmland combination scenario"): Input data: Sentinel-2 / SAR imagery, DEM, land use data; Extracted features: slope, water body boundary, CN value, NDVI / EVI; Generated samples: using ecological problem hotspots as supervised samples and matching corresponding technologies.

[0104] Step 4: Technology Integration and Synergy Coefficient

[0105] Representative restoration technologies, such as constructed wetlands, ecological slope protection, microbial agents, and ecological floating islands, are selected based on ecological demand vectors. S ( s ) and construction conditions Acc ( s ), determine the collaborative relationship: This is to reflect the synergistic or conflicting effects of "artificial wetland-floating island" and "wetland-microbial inoculant".

[0106] Step 5: Combinatorial optimization solution

[0107] Establish a multi-objective optimization model:

[0108] constraint: , ,

[0109] The solution is obtained by using MIQP + CVaR, and convergence is achieved quickly through heuristic or swap strategies, resulting in the optimal combination of budget, schedule, and risk.

[0110] Step 6: Result Output and Validation

[0111] The output includes: a list of preferred technologies and implementation location maps; visualization of collaborative networks and Pareto frontiers; and comparative analysis of indicator improvement predictions and monitoring.

[0112] The consistency of the model is verified by back-substituting observation data (NDVI, RUSLE index, etc.), and a comprehensive optimization implementation plan under multiple factors and constraints is realized.

[0113] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the target area can also be discretized into engineering units e according to engineering scale, such as constructable plots, river sections, slopes, ponds, etc. When setting decision variables, "whether to select a technology" can also be changed to "whether to implement a certain technology on an engineering unit," that is, setting a binary variable. , ∈{0,1} indicates whether it is in the engineering unit Implement repair technology Then the total regional utility, cost, and construction period can be expressed in terms of engineering unit scale. ( , ), ( , ), ( , The results are accumulated and solved using MIQP under constraints such as budget, schedule, and construction window.

[0114] Figure 5 This schematic diagram illustrates the logic of an ecological restoration method performed in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 5 As shown, the specific steps involved in implementing this ecological restoration method are as follows: The first step is data reception at the input layer, receiving multi-source input data such as the distribution of ecological problems and indicator requirements. The second step is technical analysis at the evaluation layer, obtaining relevant parameters by evaluating technologies through modules of applicability, effect, and matching. The third step is calculation at the comprehensive utility layer, establishing a comprehensive utility function to output a technology utility scoring table. The fourth step is solution at the optimization decision layer, solving for the optimal technology combination through mixed integer programming. The fifth step is feedback presentation at the output layer, outputting the technology optimization results and dynamically optimizing through feedback.

[0115] Figure 6 This schematic diagram illustrates the composition of an ecological restoration device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the ecological restoration device 600 may include an objective function module 601, a model building module 602, and a model solving module 603. Wherein: Objective function module 601 is used to establish a first objective function with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive utility value of ecological restoration technology in the target area, and to establish a second objective function with the goal of maximizing the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies. The model building module 602 is used to build a multi-objective function based on the first objective function and the second objective function, and to build constraints based on the budget, construction period and feasibility of ecological restoration technology implementation, so as to obtain a multi-objective optimization model; The model solving module 603 is used to parse the multi-objective optimization model to obtain a preferred list of ecological restoration technologies for each unit area within the target area, and to select target ecological restoration technologies for each unit area based on the preferred list of ecological restoration technologies.

[0116] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the objective function module 601 is further configured to calculate the technical applicability value of the ecological restoration technology in each unit region within the target region based on the technical parameter vector corresponding to the ecological restoration technology and the regional feature vector corresponding to the target region; and to calculate the unit utility value of the ecological restoration technology in each unit region based on a pre-constructed multi-objective comprehensive evaluation function; the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation function includes an expected ecological benefit function, an economic cost function, a construction time function, a construction difficulty function, and an implementation risk function; calculate the comprehensive utility value of the ecological restoration technology in the target region based on the technical applicability value, the unit utility value, and decision variables; and construct the first objective function with the maximum comprehensive utility value.

[0117] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the objective function module 601 is further configured to construct the expected ecological benefit function, including: calculating the ecological demand vector of each unit region within the target region, the intensity of the improvement effect of implementing ecological restoration technology on ecological indicators, the matching degree between ecological restoration technology and ecological problems, and the probability of occurrence of ecological problems in each unit region; and constructing the expected ecological benefit function based on the ecological demand vector, the intensity of the improvement effect, the probability of occurrence of problems, and the matching degree.

[0118] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the objective function module 601 is further configured to calculate the ecological demand vector of each unit region within the target region; obtain the construction accessibility conditions of ecological restoration technologies; calculate the synergistic gain value among ecological restoration technologies based on the ecological demand vector, the construction accessibility conditions, and decision variables; and construct the second objective function with the synergistic gain value being maximized.

[0119] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the objective function module 601 is further configured to calculate the ecological demand vector of each unit region within the target region, including: obtaining ecological indicators, the ecological indicators including secondary indicators under primary indicators; for a primary indicator, obtaining the initial observation value of the secondary indicator under the primary indicator in the unit region within the target region, and performing dimensionless processing on the initial observation value according to the type of the secondary indicator to obtain the indicator value; calculating the objective weight of the secondary indicator under the primary indicator using the entropy method, and obtaining the subjective weight of the secondary indicator under the primary indicator, so as to calculate the fusion weight based on the objective weight and the subjective weight; calculating the comprehensive value of the primary indicator according to the indicator value of the secondary indicator under the primary indicator and the fusion weight; traversing each primary indicator to obtain the ecological demand vector composed of the comprehensive values ​​corresponding to each primary indicator.

[0120] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the model building module 602 is used to build a budget constraint based on the total cost of ecological restoration technology in the target area not exceeding the upper limit of the budget; to build a construction period constraint based on the estimated construction period of ecological restoration technology in the target area not exceeding the upper limit of the construction period; and to build a feasibility constraint based on the construction conditions of ecological restoration technology not exceeding the sum of spatial and temporal constraints.

[0121] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the ecological restoration device 600 further includes an update module, configured to acquire ecological monitoring data and technical construction data after implementing ecological restoration technology in the target area; and to perform Bayesian updates on the parameters in the multi-objective optimization model based on the ecological monitoring data and the technical construction data.

[0122] The specific details of each module in the aforementioned ecological restoration device 600 have been described in detail in the corresponding ecological restoration methods, so they will not be repeated here.

[0123] It should be noted that although several modules or units for the device used to perform actions have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0124] In exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a storage medium capable of implementing the above-described methods is also provided. A portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) may be employed and includes program code, and can run on a terminal device, such as a mobile phone. However, the program product of this disclosure is not limited thereto. In this document, the readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0125] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, an electronic device capable of implementing the above-described method is also provided. Figure 7 The schematic diagram illustrates the structure of a computer system of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0126] It should be noted that, Figure 7 The computer system 700 of the electronic device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0127] like Figure 7 As shown, the computer system 700 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 701, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on programs stored in Read-Only Memory (ROM) 702 or programs loaded from storage section 708 into Random Access Memory (RAM) 703. The RAM 703 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. The CPU 701, ROM 702, and RAM 703 are interconnected via a bus 704. An Input / Output (I / O) interface 705 is also connected to the bus 704.

[0128] The following components are connected to I / O interface 705: an input section 706 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 707 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and speakers, etc.; a storage section 708 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 709 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card, modem, etc. The communication section 709 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 710 is also connected to I / O interface 705 as needed. A removable medium 711, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on drive 710 as needed so that computer programs read from it can be installed into storage section 708 as needed.

[0129] In particular, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the processes described below with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of this disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 709, and / or installed from removable medium 711. When the computer program is executed by central processing unit (CPU) 701, it performs various functions defined in the system of this disclosure.

[0130] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in the embodiments of this disclosure can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, optical fiber, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this disclosure, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such transmitted data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. The computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0131] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0132] The units described in the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in software or hardware, and the described units can also be located in a processor. The names of these units do not necessarily limit the unit itself.

[0133] In another aspect, this disclosure also provides a computer-readable medium, which may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the electronic device. The computer-readable medium carries one or more programs that, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0134] It should be noted that although several modules or units for the device used to perform actions have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0135] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, external hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, touch terminal, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0136] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein.

[0137] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An ecological restoration method, characterized in that, include: A first objective function is established with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive utility value of ecological restoration technologies in the target area, and a second objective function is established with the goal of maximizing the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies. A multi-objective function is constructed based on the first objective function and the second objective function, and constraints are constructed based on the budget, construction period and feasibility of ecological restoration technology implementation, so as to obtain a multi-objective optimization model; The multi-objective optimization model is analyzed to obtain a preferred list of ecological restoration technologies for each unit area within the target region, and a target ecological restoration technology is selected for each unit area based on the preferred list of ecological restoration technologies.

2. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The establishment of a first objective function, with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive utility of ecological restoration technology in the target area, includes: Based on the technical parameter vector corresponding to the ecological restoration technology and the regional feature vector corresponding to the target area, the technical applicability value of the ecological restoration technology in each unit area within the target area is calculated; and The unit utility value of ecological restoration technology in each unit region is calculated based on a pre-constructed multi-objective comprehensive evaluation function; the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation function includes an expected ecological benefit function, an economic cost function, a construction time function, a construction difficulty function, and an implementation risk function; The comprehensive utility value of the ecological restoration technology in the target area is calculated based on the technology applicability value, the unit utility value, and the decision variables. The first objective function is constructed by maximizing the overall utility value.

3. The ecological restoration method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: constructing the expected ecological benefit function, wherein constructing the expected ecological benefit function includes: Calculate the ecological demand vector of each unit area within the target area, the intensity of the improvement effect of implementing ecological restoration technology on ecological indicators, the matching degree between ecological restoration technology and ecological problems, and the probability of occurrence of ecological problems in each unit area; The expected ecological benefit function is constructed based on the ecological demand vector, the intensity of the improvement effect, the probability of the problem occurring, and the matching degree.

4. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second objective function, which aims to maximize the synergistic gain among various ecological restoration technologies, includes: Calculate the ecological demand vector of each unit region within the target area; and Accessibility of ecological restoration technologies for construction; Calculate the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies based on the ecological demand vector, the construction accessibility conditions, and decision variables. The second objective function is constructed by maximizing the synergistic gain value.

5. The ecological restoration method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The calculation of the ecological demand vector for each unit region within the target area includes: Obtain ecological indicators, which include secondary indicators under primary indicators; For a given primary indicator, the initial observation values ​​of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator in the unit area within the target area are obtained, and the initial observation values ​​are dimensionless according to the type of the secondary indicator to obtain the indicator value. The objective weights of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator are calculated using the entropy method, and the subjective weights of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator are obtained, so as to calculate the fusion weight based on the objective weights and the subjective weights. The comprehensive value of the primary indicator is calculated based on the indicator values ​​of the secondary indicators under the primary indicator and the fusion weight; The ecological demand vector is obtained by traversing each of the primary indicators to obtain the comprehensive value corresponding to each primary indicator.

6. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constraints on budget, schedule, and feasibility of implementing ecological restoration technologies include: A budget constraint is established so that the total cost of ecological restoration technologies in the target area does not exceed the upper budget limit. A time constraint is established by ensuring that the estimated construction period for ecological restoration technologies within the target area does not exceed the upper limit of the construction period; and Feasibility constraints are constructed based on the constraint that the construction conditions of ecological restoration technology do not exceed the sum of spatial and temporal constraints.

7. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire ecological monitoring data and technical construction data after implementing ecological restoration technologies in the target area; The parameters in the multi-objective optimization model are updated using Bayesian methods based on the ecological monitoring data and the technical construction data.

8. An ecological restoration device, characterized in that, include: The objective function module is used to establish a first objective function with the goal of maximizing the comprehensive utility value of ecological restoration technologies in the target area, and to establish a second objective function with the goal of maximizing the synergistic gain value among various ecological restoration technologies. The model building module is used to construct a multi-objective function based on the first objective function and the second objective function, and to construct constraints based on the budget, construction period and feasibility of ecological restoration technology implementation, so as to obtain a multi-objective optimization model; The model solving module is used to parse the multi-objective optimization model to obtain a preferred list of ecological restoration technologies for each unit area within the target area, and to select target ecological restoration technologies for each unit area based on the preferred list of ecological restoration technologies.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the ecological restoration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; A storage device for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the ecological restoration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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