A method for evaluating the results of a tobacco field trial.

Abstract

This invention provides a method for evaluating the results of tobacco field trials, comprising: selecting flue-cured tobacco varieties and setting up at least three graded treatment groups for the field trial; during the field trial, measuring agronomic traits and investigating disease resistance 7-10 days after topping the tobacco, and measuring economic traits, physical characteristics, appearance quality, conventional chemical components, and sensory quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves, involving a total of seven indicators; ranking the seven indicators for each treatment group within the group, assigning corresponding preset scores according to the ranking, and obtaining individual scores for each indicator; preset weight values ​​for each of the seven indicators; multiplying the individual scores of each indicator by their corresponding weight values ​​and summing the results to calculate the comprehensive evaluation score for each treatment group. The evaluation method of this invention is systematically quantified, and the results are accurate and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tobacco technology, and in particular to a method for evaluating the results of tobacco field trials. Background Technology

[0002] To determine the optimal cultivation practices for new varieties, a series of key agronomic trials are typically designed and implemented concurrently around the variety. These trials may include multiple field experiments focusing on nitrogen fertilizer application gradients, organic fertilizer application rates, planting density optimization, adjustment of leaf retention after topping, and exploration of the optimal transplanting date. In conducting these trials, researchers set multiple treatment levels for each experimental factor to cover a wider range of operational conditions. To select the optimal agronomic combination from these levels, subsequent evaluation relies on data from one or more key experimental indicators. Throughout the experimental period, a comprehensive range of data types can be systematically collected, including seven core categories: agronomic traits at the topping stage, disease resistance, economic yield, tobacco leaf physical characteristics, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition, and sensory evaluation quality. However, currently, the industry often focuses only on single-dimensional data such as disease resistance, appearance quality, or sensory quality when evaluating experimental results, resulting in a one-sided assessment. A systematic and comprehensive evaluation system that integrates all eight categories of data is still lacking.

[0003] Therefore, this invention aims to propose a novel and more scientific and comprehensive method for evaluating the results of tobacco field trials, in order to make up for the shortcomings of existing evaluation methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the results of tobacco field trials. The method of the present invention is scientific, comprehensive and accurate.

[0005] This invention provides a method for evaluating the results of tobacco field trials, comprising:

[0006] A) Select flue-cured tobacco varieties and set up at least three treatment groups with different gradients for field trials;

[0007] B) During the field trial, agronomic traits and disease resistance were measured 7-10 days after the tobacco was topped. Economic traits, physical properties, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition and sensory quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves were measured, involving a total of seven indicators. C) The seven indicators for each treatment group were ranked within the group, and a corresponding preset score was assigned according to the ranking to obtain the individual score for each indicator.

[0008] The seven indicators are assigned weight values ​​as follows: agronomic traits 0.05, disease resistance 0.05, economic traits 0.10, physical properties 0.05, appearance quality 0.10, conventional chemical composition 0.20, and sensory quality 0.45.

[0009] The individual scores of each indicator are multiplied by their corresponding weight values ​​and summed to calculate the overall evaluation score for each treatment group.

[0010] Overall score = ∑Score of test data i × Weight;

[0011] Wherein, test data i represents test data for agronomic traits, disease resistance, economic traits, physical properties, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition, and sensory quality.

[0012] In some specific embodiments, the field trials include nitrogen fertilizer application rate, organic fertilizer application rate, planting density, maturity, number of leaves retained after topping, or transplanting period.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, when there are 5 processing groups, the first-ranked group is assigned 100 points, the second-ranked group is assigned 85 points, the third-ranked group is assigned 70 points, the fourth-ranked group is assigned 60 points, and the fifth-ranked group is assigned 50 points; when there are 3 processing groups, the first-ranked group is assigned 100 points, the second-ranked group is assigned 85 points, and the third-ranked group is assigned 70 points.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, the flue-cured tobacco variety is Zhongyan Texiang 301; the field trial refers to the nitrogen application rate, and the at least three gradients include 4.5 kg / mu, 5.0 kg / mu, 5.5 kg / mu and 6.0 kg / mu.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, the flue-cured tobacco variety is Zhongyan Texiang 301; the field trial refers to the planting density, and the at least three gradients include row spacing of 120cm and plant spacing of 45cm, row spacing of 120cm and plant spacing of 50cm, and row spacing of 120cm and plant spacing of 55cm; each treatment group is planted with 8 rows, and each row has no less than 25 tobacco plants.

[0016] In some specific embodiments, the agronomic traits include: plant height, number of harvestable leaves, stem circumference, internode distance, length of the middle leaf, and width of the middle leaf; wherein plant height, number of harvestable leaves, stem circumference, internode distance, length of the middle leaf, and width of the middle leaf are completed within 7 days after topping; the criteria for judging the middle leaf are: plant height is from the root to the top of the ridge, and the middle leaf is approximately 2-3 leaves above and below the root to 1 / 3 of the height; for each variety, 5 representative plants need to be measured, and then the mean and standard deviation are calculated;

[0017] The disease types evaluated for disease resistance include root black rot, black shank, bacterial wilt, red spot disease, climate spot disease, wildfire disease, TMV, CMV, and PVY. When disease is detected, follow-up investigations are conducted, with the results at the time of most severe disease as the standard, noting the period of disease onset, and expressing the overall incidence rate.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, the physical characteristics include stem content, leaf length, leaf width, and single leaf weight;

[0019] The appearance quality includes color, maturity, structure, identity, oil content, chroma, and quality grade.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, the economic traits include yield per mu (kg / mu), average price (yuan / kg), output value per mu, proportion of high-grade tobacco (%), and proportion of medium-grade tobacco;

[0021] The conventional chemical components refer to the chemical composition content of the flue-cured tobacco leaves, including total sugar (%), reducing sugar (%), nicotine (%), total nitrogen (%), potassium oxide (%), chlorine (%), sugar-to-alkali ratio (reducing sugar / nicotine), nitrogen-to-alkali ratio (total nitrogen / nicotine), and potassium-to-chlorine ratio (potassium / chlorine).

[0022] In some specific embodiments, the sensory quality is determined by slicing and rolling the cured tobacco leaves into single-material tobacco, and then conducting a comprehensive evaluation by sensory evaluation experts based on sensory evaluation methods; including aroma quality, aroma quantity, permeability, off-flavors, concentration, strength, irritation, aftertaste, and gray index.

[0023] This invention provides a method for cultivating flue-cured tobacco, which involves cultivating the tobacco using the treatment parameters corresponding to the highest comprehensive score obtained from the evaluation method described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the results of tobacco field trials, including: A) selecting flue-cured tobacco varieties to participate in the field trial and conducting field trials on nitrogen fertilizer application, planting density, transplanting period, number of leaves left after topping, maturity, etc., and setting up at least three gradient treatment groups for each field trial; B) during the field trial, measuring agronomic traits and investigating disease resistance 7-10 days after topping of tobacco, and measuring economic traits, physical characteristics, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves, involving a total of seven indicators; C) For each treatment group, the seven indicator data are ranked within the group, and a corresponding preset score is assigned according to the ranking to obtain the individual score of each indicator; a preset weight value is set for each of the seven indicators, specifically: agronomic traits 0.05, disease resistance 0.05, economic traits 0.10, physical characteristics 0.05, appearance quality 0.10, conventional chemical composition 0.20, and sensory quality 0.45; the individual score of each indicator is multiplied by its corresponding weight value and summed to calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of each treatment group. The evaluation method of this invention is systematically quantified, and the results are accurate and reliable. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This invention provides a method for evaluating the results of tobacco field trials. Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this document and appropriately modify the process parameters to achieve the desired result. It should be particularly noted that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and fall within the scope of protection of this invention. The method and application of this invention have been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can clearly modify or appropriately change and combine the method and application described herein without departing from the content, spirit, and scope of this invention to implement and apply the technology of this invention.

[0026] This invention provides a method for evaluating the results of tobacco field trials, comprising:

[0027] A) Select flue-cured tobacco varieties and set up at least three treatment groups with different gradients for field trials;

[0028] B) During the field trial, agronomic traits and disease resistance were measured 7-10 days after the tobacco was topped. Economic traits, physical properties, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition and sensory quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves were measured, involving a total of seven indicators.

[0029] C) Sort the seven indicators for each processing group within the group, assign a corresponding preset score according to the ranking, and obtain the individual score for each indicator.

[0030] The seven indicators are assigned weight values ​​as follows: agronomic traits 0.05, disease resistance 0.05, economic traits 0.10, physical properties 0.05, appearance quality 0.10, conventional chemical composition 0.20, and sensory quality 0.45.

[0031] The individual scores of each indicator are multiplied by their corresponding weight values ​​and summed to calculate the overall evaluation score for each treatment group.

[0032] Overall score = ∑Score of test data i × Weight;

[0033] Wherein, test data i represents test data for agronomic traits, disease resistance, economic traits, physical properties, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition, and sensory quality.

[0034] The method for evaluating the results of tobacco field trials provided by this invention sets up at least three treatment groups with different gradients in the field trial; there may be three, four, or five treatment groups.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, the flue-cured tobacco variety is Zhongyan Texiang 301; the field trial refers to the nitrogen application rate, and the at least three gradients include 4.5 kg / mu, 5.0 kg / mu, 5.5 kg / mu and 6.0 kg / mu.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the flue-cured tobacco variety is Zhongyan Texiang 301; the field trial refers to the planting density, and the at least three gradients include row spacing of 120cm and plant spacing of 45cm, row spacing of 120cm and plant spacing of 50cm, and row spacing of 120cm and plant spacing of 55cm; each treatment group is planted with 8 rows, and each row has no less than 25 tobacco plants.

[0037] Each treatment group was replicated at least three times. Field management was carried out according to the standardized cultivation techniques for flue-cured tobacco production in the local area. After the flue-cured tobacco grew to the appropriate harvest period, corresponding flue-cured tobacco leaf samples were collected according to the treatment group. Seven days after the tobacco was topped, agronomic traits and disease resistance were measured. Actual data of seven indicators, including economic traits, physical characteristics, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition and sensory quality, were measured on the flue-cured tobacco leaves.

[0038] (1) Agronomic traits are generally the growth status of tobacco plants after topping and entering the flat-top stage. They generally include indicators such as plant height, number of harvestable leaves, stem circumference, internode distance, waist leaf length, and waist leaf width. Among them, plant height, number of harvestable leaves, stem circumference, internode distance, waist leaf length, and waist leaf width are completed by fixed personnel within 7 days after topping; the criteria for judging waist leaves are: plant height is from the root to the top of the ridge, and waist leaves are about 2-3 leaves above and below the root to 1 / 3 of the height; 5 representative plants of each variety need to be measured, and then the average value and standard deviation are calculated; the ranking is based on the waist leaf area, and the larger the value, the higher the ranking. Waist leaf area = waist leaf length × waist leaf width × 0.675.

[0039] After the measurement was completed, the agronomic trait data under different density treatments were classified and organized. The influence trend of different planting densities on the agronomic traits of Zhongyan Texiang 301 was compared and analyzed. Combined with the results of subsequent measurement of other indicators, the suitable planting density range for this variety was comprehensively judged, providing data support at the agronomic trait level for the promotion and planting of this variety.

[0040] (2) Disease resistance refers to the degree to which tobacco plants resist a certain disease. It can generally be divided into two results: resistance to disease acquired through artificial inoculation and resistance to natural diseases in the field. The types of diseases involved in the disease resistance evaluation generally include black rot, black shank, red spot, bacterial wilt, climate spot, wildfire, angular leaf spot, TMV, CMV, and PVY. When disease is discovered, a follow-up investigation is conducted, and the result at the most severe stage of disease is used as the standard. The incidence rate of all diseases involved in the investigation is calculated and expressed as the comprehensive incidence rate. The ranking is based on the comprehensive incidence rate, and the lower the value, the higher the ranking.

[0041] During the survey and statistics, 100 plants were sampled from different density treatment zones to count the number of diseased plants, and the average incidence rate of the corresponding treatments was calculated. The differences in resistance of Zhongyan Texiang 301 to various major diseases under different densities were compared to clarify the relationship between planting density and the disease resistance performance of this variety, and to provide a reference for the selection of planting density for this variety in the field.

[0042] (3) Physical characteristics refer to the physical characteristics of the tobacco leaves after curing, which generally include stem content, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, and single leaf weight; the ranking is based on stem content, and the lower the value, the higher the ranking.

[0043] During the testing, samples of tobacco leaves of corresponding grades after curing were extracted according to different density treatments and various indicators were tested. The average values ​​of various physical property indicators under different densities were obtained. The influence of planting density changes on the physical properties of cured tobacco leaves of China Tobacco Special Fragrance 301 were compared and analyzed. Combined with the evaluation results of appearance quality and internal quality, the appropriate planting density for this variety was further clarified, providing data reference on physical properties for producing tobacco leaves that meet industrial needs.

[0044] (4) Appearance quality refers to the appearance quality of the tobacco leaves after curing, which generally includes color, maturity, structure, identity, oil content and chroma. The qualitative description and scoring are based on the national standard GB2635-92, and the comprehensive score is calculated for reference. The ranking is based on the comprehensive score, and the higher the value, the higher the ranking.

[0045] During the testing, three or more professionals with qualifications in flue-cured tobacco appearance grading were organized to score and evaluate the flue-cured tobacco leaves under different density treatments according to the current national standards for flue-cured tobacco. The comprehensive score of appearance quality for each treatment was obtained by statistical analysis. The influence of different planting densities on the appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves of China Tobacco Special Fragrance 301 was analyzed, and the trend of appearance quality change of this variety under different densities was clarified, providing support for density optimization at the appearance quality level.

[0046] (5) The main economic traits generally include indicators such as yield per mu (kg / mu), average price (yuan / kg), output value per mu, proportion of high-grade tobacco (%), and proportion of medium-grade tobacco; the ranking is based on the output value per mu, and the higher the value, the higher the ranking.

[0047] During the measurement, yields were calculated separately for different density treatments. The actual yields of each treatment were weighed and converted into yield per unit area. The average price and per-acre value were calculated based on the purchase price of tobacco leaves of each grade. At the same time, the proportion of high-grade and medium-grade tobacco in each treatment was counted. The results of the main economic traits of each treatment were summarized. The differences of various economic indicators of Zhongyan Texiang 301 under different planting densities were compared. The impact of density changes on the economic benefits of planting this variety was analyzed. The density range that can take into account yield, quality and income was selected, providing a basis for the economic benefits of field production density configuration of this variety.

[0048] (6) Conventional chemical components refer to the chemical component content of flue-cured tobacco leaves, which generally include total sugar (%), reducing sugar (%), nicotine (%), total nitrogen (%), potassium oxide (%), chlorine (%), sugar-to-alkali ratio (reducing sugar / nicotine), nitrogen-to-alkali ratio (total nitrogen / nicotine), potassium-to-chlorine ratio (potassium / chlorine), etc. The chemical component usability index (CCUI) is calculated by the method described in the reference (Xue Chaoqun, Yin Qisheng, Wang Xinmin, et al. Application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation in chemical component evaluation of tobacco leaf usability [J]. Tobacco Science and Technology, 2007). The ranking is based on CCUI, and the higher the value, the higher the ranking.

[0049] During the testing, C3F grade leaves of flue-cured tobacco leaves from each treatment were selected, and the above-mentioned conventional chemical components were tested according to the methods specified in the current tobacco industry standards. The test results of each indicator under different density treatments were obtained. The effects of different planting densities on the content of conventional chemical components and the coordination of each chemical component in flue-cured tobacco leaves of China Tobacco Special Fragrance 301 were analyzed. The law of density change affecting the intrinsic chemical components of this variety of tobacco leaves was clarified, providing a reference for the screening of suitable planting densities for this variety at the level of intrinsic chemical quality.

[0050] (7) Sensory quality refers to the evaluation of tobacco leaves after they have been shredded and rolled into single-material tobacco by multiple sensory evaluation experts with reference to the industry standard YC / T 138-1998 Tobacco and Tobacco Products Sensory Evaluation Method, and the calculation of the total sensory quality score (SQS). Generally, it includes nine indicators such as aroma quality, aroma quantity, permeability, off-flavors, concentration, strength, irritation, aftertaste and grayness. The ranking is based on the SQS, and the higher the value, the higher the ranking.

[0051] During the testing, C3F grade leaves of flue-cured tobacco leaves from each treatment were selected. According to the sensory evaluation methods stipulated in the current tobacco industry standards, a qualified professional evaluation expert group scored and evaluated each sensory indicator. The evaluation results of each indicator under different density treatments were obtained. The influence of different planting densities on the sensory quality scores of various indicators and the overall sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves of China Tobacco Special Fragrance 301 were analyzed. The study clarified the pattern of density change affecting the sensory smoking quality of this variety of tobacco leaves, and provided a basis for the selection of suitable planting densities for this variety at the smoking quality level.

[0052] For each processing group, the seven indicator data are sorted within the group, and a corresponding preset score is assigned according to the ranking to obtain the individual score of each indicator.

[0053] Specifically, for the same indicator data of all processing groups, the data of all processing groups are uniformly sorted according to the quality of the indicator. The better the indicator performance, the higher the ranking. After sorting, a corresponding score is assigned to each processing group for the indicator according to the preset scoring rules, so as to obtain the individual score of each indicator of a single processing group.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, when there are 5 processing groups, the first-ranked group is assigned 100 points, the second-ranked group is assigned 85 points, the third-ranked group is assigned 70 points, the fourth-ranked group is assigned 60 points, and the fifth-ranked group is assigned 50 points; when there are 3 processing groups, the first-ranked group is assigned 100 points, the second-ranked group is assigned 85 points, and the third-ranked group is assigned 70 points.

[0055] The seven indicators are assigned weight values ​​as follows: agronomic traits 0.05, disease resistance 0.05, economic traits 0.10, physical properties 0.05, appearance quality 0.10, conventional chemical composition 0.20, and sensory quality 0.45.

[0056] The individual scores of each indicator are multiplied by their corresponding weight values ​​and summed to calculate the overall evaluation score for each treatment group.

[0057] Overall score = ∑Score of test data i × Weight;

[0058] Wherein, test data i represents test data for agronomic traits, disease resistance, economic traits, physical properties, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition, and sensory quality.

[0059] The overall evaluation score for each treatment group is obtained by multiplying the individual scores by the preset weights of the corresponding indicators and summing them up. Finally, the experimental effects of different treatment groups are ranked according to the overall evaluation scores. The higher the overall score, the better the experimental effect of the treatment. This completes the quantitative evaluation of the tobacco field trial results.

[0060] This invention provides a method for cultivating flue-cured tobacco, which involves cultivating the tobacco using the treatment parameters corresponding to the highest comprehensive score obtained from the evaluation method described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0061] This invention provides a method for fertilization decision-making in flue-cured tobacco, which uses the nitrogen application rate optimization method described in the above technical solution to determine the recommended nitrogen application rate for the target planting area and then applies the fertilizer.

[0062] The present invention also provides a method for the layout of flue-cured tobacco planting, which uses the planting density optimization method described in the above technical solution to determine the recommended planting density of the target planting area and then transplants the plants.

[0063] This method quantifies and calculates multiple key indicators from tobacco field trials by assigning reasonable weights, enabling the scientific and accurate selection of cultivation treatments with optimal overall performance. Applying this treatment to actual flue-cured tobacco cultivation can stably guarantee the overall production performance of flue-cured tobacco, improving both yield and final quality, thus helping growers obtain better production returns. It also provides clear and practical technical evidence for the selection of flue-cured tobacco cultivation trial results, solving the problems of traditional evaluation methods that rely on experience, are highly subjective, and have inaccurate evaluation results.

[0064] It should be understood that the expression “one or more of…” individually includes each of the objects described after the expression, as well as various different combinations of two or more of the described objects, unless otherwise understood from the context and usage. The expression “and / or” combined with three or more described objects should be understood to have the same meaning, unless otherwise understood from the context.

[0065] The terms “including,” “having,” or “containing,” including the use of their grammatical synonyms, should generally be understood as open-ended and non-restrictive, for example, not excluding other unstated elements or steps, unless otherwise specifically stated or understood from the context.

[0066] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0067] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items.

[0068] It should be understood that the order of the steps or the order in which certain actions are performed is not important as long as the invention remains operational. Furthermore, two or more steps or actions can be performed simultaneously.

[0069] The use of any and all instances or exemplary language such as “e.g.” or “including” in this document is merely intended to better illustrate the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention unless the claims are made. No language in this specification should be construed as indicating that any unclaimed element is essential to the practice of the invention.

[0070] Furthermore, the numerical ranges and parameters used to define the present invention are approximate values, and the relevant values ​​in the specific embodiments have been presented as precisely as possible. However, any value inevitably contains standard deviations due to individual test methods. Therefore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, it should be understood that all ranges, quantities, values, and percentages used in this disclosure are modified with the word "approximately". Here, "approximately" generally means that the actual value is within plus or minus 10%, 5%, 1%, or 0.5% of a specific value or range.

[0071] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above processes does not imply the order of execution. Some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0072] The embodiments and comparative examples of this invention describe some examples, in which the embodiments illustrate certain implementations of the invention. However, this does not mean that the effects of the invention can only be achieved in these examples.

[0073] To further illustrate the present invention, the following describes in detail, with reference to embodiments, a method for evaluating the results of tobacco field trials provided by the present invention.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] A nitrogen fertilizer application trial was conducted in Shandong Province on the T71 variant of the new flue-cured tobacco variety Zhongyan Texiang 301. Five experimental levels were set up: T1 = 5.0 kg pure nitrogen / mu; T2 = 6.5 kg pure nitrogen / mu; T3 = 8.0 kg pure nitrogen / mu; T4 = 9.5 kg pure nitrogen / mu; T5 = 11.0 kg pure nitrogen / mu. Each treatment was planted in 6 rows, with at least 30 tobacco plants per row. Data were collected on agronomic traits, disease resistance, economic traits, physical characteristics, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition, and sensory quality.

[0076] (1) Among the agronomic traits, the area of ​​the waist leaf = the length of the waist leaf × the width of the waist leaf × 0.675, and the overall ranking is: T5>T3>T2>T4>T1.

[0077] Table 1-1 Agronomic traits (mean values)

[0078]

[0079] (2) Disease resistance: The incidence rates of leaf diseases (TMV, CMV, red spot disease, climate spot disease, wildfire disease) and root and stem diseases (black shank disease, bacterial wilt and root black rot) were statistically analyzed. The sum of the incidence rates of all surveyed diseases represents the overall incidence rate. The lower the value, the higher the disease resistance. Based on the overall incidence rate, the disease resistance is ranked from low to high as follows: T2>T5>T4>T3>T1.

[0080] Table 1-2 Field Disease Incidence Rate

[0081]

[0082] (3) Economic traits, ranked by output per mu: T2>T3>T1>T4>T5.

[0083] Table 1-3 Economic Traits

[0084]

[0085] (4) Physical characteristics: The stem content, leaf length, leaf width and single leaf weight of the flue-cured tobacco leaves are measured. The lower the stem content, the higher the economic value. The leaves are sorted from low to high stem content as follows: T1>T2>T4>T3>T5.

[0086] Table 1-4 Physical Properties

[0087]

[0088] (5) Appearance quality: Refer to the qualitative description and scoring of the national standard GB2635-92. The six indicators, namely color, maturity, structure, identity, oil content and chroma, are all scored out of 10, with weight values ​​of 0.25, 0.25, 0.10, 0.10, 0.20 and 0.10, respectively. The total score is calculated according to the formula (total score = ∑ indicator score × weight × 10), and the ranking is based on the total score: T2>T4=T1>T3>T5.

[0089] Table 1-5 Qualitative Description of Appearance Quality

[0090]

[0091] Table 1-6 Appearance Quality Scoring

[0092]

[0093] (6) Conventional chemical components were qualitatively described and scored according to the national standard GB2635-92. The membership function method (reference: Xue Chaoqun, Yin Qisheng, Wang Xinmin, et al. Application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation in chemical component evaluation of tobacco leaf usability [J]. Tobacco Science and Technology, 2007) was used to convert the evaluation indicators such as total sugar, reducing sugar, total alkaloids, total nitrogen, potassium, chlorine, sugar-alkaloid ratio, nitrogen-alkaloid ratio and potassium-chlorine ratio into dimensionless values ​​(0~1). Among them, potassium and potassium-chlorine ratio adopted S-type functions, and other indicators adopted parabolic functions. The indicator weights were 10.00%, 15.00%, 25.00%, 10.00%, 10.00%, 5.00%, 12.00%, 5.00% and 8.00%, respectively. The formula for calculating the chemical components usability index (CCUI) is:

[0094] CCUI =ΣC i ×W i ×100, where C i Let W be the dimensionless value of the i-th chemical component index. i The weight value of the i-th chemical component index. Sorted according to CCUI: T1>T2>T4>T3>T5.

[0095] Table 1-7 Common Chemical Compositions (7)

[0097] (8) Sensory quality is evaluated with reference to the industry standard YC / T 138-1998 Tobacco and Tobacco Products Sensory Evaluation Method, and the total sensory quality score (SQS) is calculated. It generally includes 9 indicators such as aroma quality, aroma quantity, transparency, off-flavors, concentration, strength, irritation, aftertaste and grayness. The full score for each indicator is 9 points, and the weights of the indicators are 18.00%, 16.20%, 10.80%, 9.00%, 9.90%, 9.90%, 9.90%, 10.80%, and 5.50%, respectively.

[0098] Reference formula (SQS=ΣA) i ×W i ×100 / 9, A i For the score of the i-th indicator, W i The weight value of the i-th indicator is calculated (SQS maximum score 100). The order based on SQS is: T2 > T4 > T3 > T1 > T5.

[0099] Table 1-8 Sensory Quality Evaluation Results

[0100]

[0101] Based on expert experience, the weight values ​​for the experimental data of agronomic traits, disease resistance, economic traits, physical properties, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition, and sensory quality were assigned as 0.05, 0.05, 0.10, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.45, respectively. Individual data items were ranked, with rankings 1-5 corresponding to scores of 100, 85, 70, 60, and 50, respectively. The ranking and scoring of individual data items are shown in the table below. The overall results indicate that T2>T4>T1>T3>T5, meaning that experimental level T2 performed best overall.

[0102]

[0103] Example 2

[0104] A planting density trial was conducted on the new flue-cured tobacco variety Zhongyan Texiang 301 in Jilin Province, with three experimental levels: T1 (row spacing 120cm, plant spacing 45cm, approximately 1230 plants / mu), T2 (row spacing 120cm, plant spacing 50cm, approximately 1110 plants / mu), and T3 (row spacing 120cm, plant spacing 55cm, approximately 1010 plants / mu). Each treatment involved planting eight rows, with at least 25 plants per row. Data collection yielded experimental data on agronomic traits, disease resistance, economic traits, physical characteristics, appearance quality, conventional chemical components, and sensory quality. Based on expert experience, the weight values ​​for the experimental data of agronomic traits, disease resistance, economic traits, physical properties, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition, and sensory quality were assigned as 0.05, 0.05, 0.10, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.45, respectively. Following the method in Example 1, different treatments for individual data items were ranked, with rankings 1-3 corresponding to scores of 100, 85, and 70, respectively. The ranking and scoring of individual data items are shown in the table below. The overall results indicate that T2 > T3 > T1, meaning that experimental level T2 performed best overall, followed by T3.

[0105]

[0106] Comparative Example 1

[0107] Taking Example 1 as an example, the individual data sorting and scoring are shown in the table below. If no weight value is set, that is, all indicators have the same weight value, the average score of each indicator data is used as the sorting basis. The results show that the overall results are: T2>T1>T4>T3>T5, that is, the experimental level T2 has the best overall performance, followed by T1. Compared with the experimental results of Example 1, when the weight values ​​are the same, although the optimal treatment remains unchanged, the difference between the last four is smaller, making it difficult to make a decision.

[0108] In cases where the ranking of different treatments among the seven indicators is often contradictory, using a single indicator or a small number of indicators for evaluation is often not comprehensive enough. Using all seven indicators for comprehensive evaluation is more scientific and has more reference value.

[0109] For flue-cured tobacco varieties, agronomic traits, disease resistance, and economic traits are closely related to the economic value of tobacco leaves, reflecting the interests of tobacco farmers. Physical properties, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition, and sensory quality are closely related to the usability of tobacco leaves as cigarette raw materials, reflecting the interests of industrial enterprises. Converting tobacco leaves into marketable cigarette products requires the approval of smokers to create a virtuous cycle in the tobacco production process. Therefore, when assigning weights to different indicators, greater emphasis is placed on the industrial usability of tobacco leaves.

[0110]

[0111] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the results of a tobacco field trial, characterized in that, include: A) Select flue-cured tobacco varieties and set up at least three treatment groups with different gradients for field trials; B) During the field trial, agronomic traits and disease resistance were measured 7-10 days after the tobacco was topped. Economic traits, physical properties, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition and sensory quality of the flue-cured tobacco leaves were measured, involving a total of seven indicators. C) Sort the seven indicators for each processing group within the group, assign a corresponding preset score according to the ranking, and obtain the individual score for each indicator. The seven indicators are assigned weight values ​​as follows: agronomic traits 0.05, disease resistance 0.05, economic traits 0.10, physical properties 0.05, appearance quality 0.10, conventional chemical composition 0.20, and sensory quality 0.

45. The individual scores of each indicator are multiplied by their corresponding weight values ​​and summed to calculate the overall evaluation score for each treatment group. Overall score = ∑Score of test data i × Weight; Wherein, test data i represents test data for agronomic traits, disease resistance, economic traits, physical properties, appearance quality, conventional chemical composition, and sensory quality.

2. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The field trials included nitrogen fertilizer application, organic fertilizer application, planting density, maturity, number of leaves retained after topping, or transplanting period.

3. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When there are 5 processing groups, the first-ranked group is assigned 100 points, the second-ranked group is assigned 85 points, the third-ranked group is assigned 70 points, the fourth-ranked group is assigned 60 points, and the fifth-ranked group is assigned 50 points; when there are 3 processing groups, the first-ranked group is assigned 100 points, the second-ranked group is assigned 85 points, and the third-ranked group is assigned 70 points.

4. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The field trial refers to nitrogen application rates, and the at least three gradients include 4.5 kg / mu, 5.0 kg / mu, 5.5 kg / mu, and 6.0 kg / mu.

5. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The field trial refers to the planting density, and the at least three gradients include row spacing of 120cm and plant spacing of 45cm, row spacing of 120cm and plant spacing of 50cm, and row spacing of 120cm and plant spacing of 55cm; each treatment group is planted with 8 rows, and each row has no less than 25 tobacco plants.

6. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The agronomic traits include: plant height, number of harvestable leaves, stem circumference, internode distance, length of the middle leaf, and width of the middle leaf. Among these, plant height, number of harvestable leaves, stem circumference, internode distance, length of the middle leaf, and width of the middle leaf are measured approximately 7 days after topping. The criteria for judging the middle leaf are: plant height is measured from the root to the top of the ridge, and the middle leaf consists of approximately 2-3 leaves above and below the root at about 1 / 3 of the way up. Five representative plants of each variety need to be measured, and then the average and standard deviation are calculated. The disease types evaluated for disease resistance include root black rot, black shank, bacterial wilt, red spot disease, climate spot disease, wildfire disease, TMV, CMV, and PVY. When disease is detected, follow-up investigations are conducted, with the results at the time of most severe disease as the standard, noting the period of disease onset, and expressing the overall incidence rate.

7. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical characteristics include stem content, leaf length, leaf width, and single leaf weight; The appearance quality includes color, maturity, structure, identity, oil content, chroma, and quality grade.

8. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The economic traits include yield per mu (kg / mu), average price (yuan / kg), output value per mu, proportion of high-grade tobacco (%), and proportion of medium-grade tobacco; The conventional chemical components refer to the chemical composition content of the flue-cured tobacco leaves, including total sugar (%), reducing sugar (%), nicotine (%), total nitrogen (%), potassium oxide (%), chlorine (%), sugar-to-alkali ratio (reducing sugar / nicotine), nitrogen-to-alkali ratio (total nitrogen / nicotine), and potassium-to-chlorine ratio (potassium / chlorine).

9. The evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensory quality is determined by cutting the roasted tobacco leaves into shreds and rolling them into single-material tobacco, which is then comprehensively evaluated by sensory evaluation experts according to sensory evaluation methods; including aroma quality, aroma quantity, permeability, off-flavors, concentration, strength, irritation, aftertaste, and gray index.

10. A method for cultivating flue-cured tobacco, characterized in that, Cultivation is carried out using the treatment parameters corresponding to the higher comprehensive score of the evaluation method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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