A high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant marine intelligent communication cable

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-temperature resistant and high-flame-retardant intelligent communication cable for ships, belonging to the field of communication cable technology. It includes an electrical unit group, a general shielding layer, an inner sheath layer, an armor layer, and an outer sheath layer arranged sequentially from the inside out. An intelligent sensing unit group is arranged between the electrical unit group and the general shielding layer. The intelligent sensing unit group includes a temperature-sensing optical cable and a strain vibration-sensing optical cable. The intelligent sensing unit group and the electrical unit group form the cable core, and the temperature-sensing optical cable is placed at the center of the cable core.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of communication cable technology, specifically relating to a high-temperature resistant and high-flame-retardant intelligent communication cable for ships. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] With the rapid development of the shipbuilding industry towards larger, more intelligent, and electrified vessels, the performance requirements for cables in ship internal communication systems are constantly increasing. The ship's operating environment is characterized by high humidity, high salt spray, large temperature fluctuations, and a compact spatial layout, while also demanding extremely high fire safety standards. Traditional ship communication cables can no longer meet the needs of modern ships and have the following drawbacks:

[0004] (1) Insufficient high temperature resistance: The ambient temperature in areas such as ship engine room and power room can reach above 150℃ for a long time. Traditional polyethylene insulated cables are prone to insulation aging and performance degradation in high temperature environment, resulting in decreased signal transmission stability and shortened service life.

[0005] (2) Flame retardant performance needs to be improved: Most existing ship cables use halogen-containing flame retardant materials, which release a large amount of toxic smoke and corrosive gases when burning, which not only aggravates the fire hazard, but also poses a serious threat to ship equipment and personnel escape.

[0006] (3) Lack of condition monitoring capability: Traditional cables cannot sense their own temperature, insulation performance, mechanical stress and other operating parameters in real time. Fault warning is delayed, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of intelligent operation and maintenance of ships and poses potential safety hazards.

[0007] (4) Insufficient environmental adaptability: Ships are in a high salt spray and high humidity environment for a long time. Traditional cable sheaths are prone to corrosion and cracking, resulting in a decline in insulation performance and high maintenance costs.

[0008] Therefore, developing a new type of ship communication cable that combines excellent high temperature resistance, high flame retardancy, low smoke and halogen-free properties with intelligent status monitoring function is of great practical significance for improving the reliability of ship communication systems and ensuring the safety of ship operation. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature resistant and high-flame-retardant intelligent communication cable for ships. This cable possesses excellent high-temperature resistance, high flame retardancy, low smoke, halogen-free and low-toxicity properties, corrosion resistance, and intelligent condition monitoring functions, which can meet the communication needs of modern ships in complex environments.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0011] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-temperature resistant and high-flame-retardant marine intelligent communication cable, comprising, from the inside out, an electrical unit group, a general shielding layer, an inner sheath layer, an armor layer and an outer sheath layer, wherein an intelligent sensing unit group is disposed between the electrical unit group and the general shielding layer; the intelligent sensing unit group includes a temperature sensing optical cable and a strain vibration sensing optical cable, the intelligent sensing unit group and the electrical unit group constitute the cable core, and the temperature sensing optical cable is placed at the center of the cable core.

[0012] As a further technical solution, multiple electrical unit groups are provided, and the multiple electrical unit groups are evenly distributed along the cable core; the gap between the intelligent sensing unit group and the electrical unit group is filled with high flame-retardant filler rope and wrapped with composite wrapping tape.

[0013] As a further technical solution, multiple electrical unit groups are arranged around the temperature sensing optical cable, and the strain vibration sensing optical cable is located between the electrical unit groups.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the temperature sensing optical cable is provided with a temperature sensing optical fiber, a loose tube, a spiral steel pipe, aramid yarn, a stainless steel wire braided layer and a first outer sheath in sequence from the inside to the outside.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the strain vibration sensing optical cable is arranged from the inside out as follows: optical fiber core, loose tube, steel wire, water-blocking yarn, spiral steel tube, and second outer sheath.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the electrical unit group includes a conductor, an insulating layer and a shielding layer. The conductor and the insulating layer constitute the insulated core of the electrical unit group, and the insulating layer wraps around the outside of the conductor.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the electrical unit group is provided with multiple insulated wire cores, adjacent insulated wire cores are attached to each other, multiple insulated wire cores are twisted into a wire group, and a shielding layer is provided on the outside of the wire group.

[0018] As a further technical solution, the total shielding layer includes a wrapping shielding layer and a braided shielding layer, wherein the wrapping shielding layer covers the outside of the cable core, and the braided shielding layer covers the outside of the wrapping shielding layer.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the wrapping shielding layer is made of aluminum-plastic composite tape, and the braided shielding layer is made of tin-plated copper wire.

[0020] As a further technical solution, the inner sheath layer covers the outside of the braided shielding layer of the total shielding layer, and the inner sheath layer is extruded from halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material; the armor layer covers the outside of the inner sheath layer and is made of tin-plated steel wire and aramid yarn mixed braided armor; the outer sheath layer covers the outside of the armor layer and is made of ceramicized silicone rubber composite sheath material.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The high-temperature and high-flame-retardant marine intelligent communication cable of the present invention is equipped with an intelligent sensing unit group, which integrates distributed temperature sensing optical fiber and strain vibration sensing optical fiber core, and has intelligent status monitoring function. It can monitor cable overload, local overheating and other abnormalities in real time, and can identify abnormal events such as stress concentration, external force damage and animal gnawing after cable laying. The fault location accuracy can reach ±1m. By monitoring the cable operation status and providing fire early warning in real time, it can effectively improve the operation and maintenance efficiency and reliability of the ship communication system.

[0023] The high-temperature and high-flame-retardant marine intelligent communication cable of the present invention uses modified high-temperature resistant ceramicized silicone rubber insulation and outer sheath materials. The high-temperature resistance can reach 200℃, meeting the usage requirements of high-temperature areas on ships. At the same time, the cable has excellent high and low temperature resistance, good mechanical properties, and meets the laying requirements of marine environments such as oil resistance, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, bending resistance and mildew resistance.

[0024] The high-temperature and high-flame-retardant marine intelligent communication cable of this invention has excellent flame-retardant and fire-resistant safety performance. The gap between the intelligent sensing unit group and the electrical unit group is filled with high flame-retardant filler rope. The temperature sensing optical cable is made of aramid yarn for flame retardancy. The inner sheath layer is made of elastic low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material, thus forming a multi-layer flame-retardant material structure design that meets the 950℃ fire resistance test conditions and the Class A combustion test for bundled combustion. It meets the low-smoke halogen-free and low-toxicity performance indicators. The smoke density transmittance during combustion is ≥70%; the halogen acid gas release is ≤1mg / g, the pH value is ≥4.3, the conductivity is ≤10μS / mm, and the toxicity index is ≤3. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature resistant and high-flame-retardant marine intelligent communication cable according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature sensing optical cable structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the strain vibration sensing optical cable structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1. Strain vibration sensing optical cable, 2. Conductor, 3. Insulation layer, 4. Wrapped shielding layer, 5. Braided shielding layer, 6. Inner sheath layer, 7. Armor layer, 8. Outer sheath layer, 9. Temperature sensing optical cable.

[0030] 10. Temperature-sensing optical fiber; 11. Loose tube; 12. Spiral steel pipe; 13. Aramid yarn; 14. Stainless steel wire braided layer; 15. Outer sheath.

[0031] 16. Sensor fiber core; 17. Loose tube; 18. Steel wire; 19. Water-blocking yarn; 20. Spiral steel pipe; 21. Outer sheath; 22. Shielding layer.

[0032] The distances or dimensions between parts have been exaggerated to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0034] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] For ease of description, the words "up," "down," "left," and "right" appearing in this invention only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left, and right directions of the accompanying drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] Terminology Explanation: In this invention, terms such as “installation,” “connection,” “linking,” and “fixing” should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] As described in the background section, there are shortcomings in the existing technology. In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a high-temperature resistant and high-flame-retardant intelligent communication cable for ships.

[0038] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a high-temperature resistant and high-flame-retardant marine intelligent communication cable is proposed, comprising an electrical unit group, a total shielding layer, an inner sheath layer 6, an armor layer 7, and an outer sheath layer 8 arranged sequentially from the inside out. An intelligent sensing unit group is arranged between the electrical unit group and the total shielding layer.

[0039] The electrical unit group includes a conductor 2, an insulation layer 3, and a sub-shielding layer. The conductor 2 and the insulation layer 3 constitute the insulated wire core of the electrical unit group, and the insulation layer 3 is wrapped around the outside of the conductor 2. Each electrical unit group can be provided with multiple insulated wire cores, and adjacent insulated wire cores are attached to each other. Multiple insulated wire cores are twisted into a wire group, and a sub-shielding layer 22 is provided on the outside of the wire group.

[0040] In this embodiment, conductor 2 is a Class 5 tin-plated copper conductor, which is made of multiple strands of tin-plated copper wire. The maximum DC resistance of the conductor at 20°C complies with the requirements of GB / T 3956-2008. Insulation layer 3 is made of modified high-temperature resistant ceramicized silicone rubber composite material extruded by a vulcanizing machine, and the thinnest point is not less than 90% of the nominal thickness, and the concentricity does not exceed 1.4.

[0041] The shielding layer 22 is made of aluminum-plastic composite tape wrapped around the outside of the wire assembly, and is equipped with a cross-sectional area of ​​0.2mm². 2 Tinned copper wire is used as the drain wire.

[0042] Multiple electrical unit groups can be set up, and multiple electrical unit groups are twisted together to form a whole, with the total shielding layer covering the outside of the whole formed by multiple electrical unit groups.

[0043] In this embodiment, each electrical unit group includes two insulated wire cores. For ease of description, different colors are used to distinguish the insulated wire cores; for example... Figure 1 As shown, black and white insulated wire cores are twisted together to form a wire group, and the insulated wire cores are identified by numerical codes (e.g., 1# to 3#). The electrical unit groups are arranged sequentially on the outside of the temperature-sensing optical cable according to their numerical codes from smallest to largest. The insulated wire cores are twisted together and wrapped with a layer of polyester tape + aluminum-plastic composite tape, i.e., the aluminum-plastic composite tape sub-shielding layer. A 0.2mm² cross-sectional area wire is placed longitudinally on the aluminum foil surface inside the aluminum-plastic composite tape sub-shielding layer. 2 Tinned copper wire is used as the lead wire. The diameter and structure of the copper wire can be selected according to specific requirements, such as a diameter of 0.51mm.

[0044] It should be noted that the number of electrical unit groups can be designed according to actual needs, and there is no limit to the number of wire groups.

[0045] The intelligent sensing unit group consists of a temperature sensing optical cable 9 and a strain vibration sensing optical cable 1. The intelligent sensing unit group and the electrical unit group form the cable core of the cable. The gap between the intelligent sensing unit group and the electrical unit group is filled with high flame retardant filler rope and wrapped with glass fiber polytetrafluoroethylene composite tape.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple electrical unit groups are evenly distributed along the cable core. Each electrical unit group is provided with a conductor 2 and is wrapped with an insulation layer 3. The temperature sensing optical cable 9 is located at the center of the cable core, specifically at the center position between the electrical unit groups. That is, multiple electrical unit groups are arranged around the temperature sensing optical cable 9, and the strain vibration sensing optical cable 1 is located between the electrical unit groups.

[0047] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the temperature-sensing optical cable 9 is arranged from the inside out as follows: temperature-sensing optical fiber 10, loose tube 11, spiral steel tube 12, aramid yarn 13, stainless steel wire braided layer 14, and outer sheath 15; Figure 3 As shown, the strain vibration sensing optical cable 1 consists of a sensing fiber core 16, a loose tube 17, a steel wire 18, a water-blocking yarn 19, a spiral steel pipe 20, and an outer sheath 21 arranged sequentially from the inside out.

[0048] In this embodiment, the temperature-sensing optical fiber 10 set in the center of the temperature-sensing optical cable serves as the core carrier for temperature sensing and signal transmission. Based on the working principle of Raman scattering effect, it can realize the characteristics of long-distance distributed temperature monitoring. The temperature measurement accuracy can usually reach ±0.1℃~±0.5℃, and the spatial resolution can reach up to 0.5 meters.

[0049] The loose tube 11 is fitted on the outside of the temperature-sensing optical fiber 10 to provide mechanical buffering and stress isolation for the temperature-sensing optical fiber. The inside is usually filled with thixotropic waterproof fiber grease to prevent water vapor intrusion. It plays a role in lubrication and stress buffering of the optical fiber, avoiding micro-bending loss, so that the optical fiber is not subjected to additional stress and ensuring stable optical performance transmission.

[0050] The spiral steel pipe 12 is installed on the outside of the loose tube 11 and is the core protective structure of the optical cable. It is usually made of stainless steel and has excellent resistance to lateral pressure and impact. It can withstand damage from external forces such as crushing and squeezing, and at the same time prevent rodent bites and insect infestation. The spiral structure retains the flexibility of the optical cable and has a certain bending ability. At the same time, the metal material has good thermal conductivity and can quickly conduct external temperature to the internal temperature-sensing optical fiber, ensuring the temperature measurement response speed and accuracy.

[0051] The aramid yarn 13 is set on the outside of the spiral steel pipe 12. It is a high-strength non-metallic reinforcing element with good high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and flame retardant properties. It can maintain structural strength in high temperature environment, and at the same time, it can buffer the friction between the spiral steel pipe and the outer structure to avoid stress concentration caused by hard contact.

[0052] The stainless steel wire braided layer 14 is set on the outside of the aramid yarn 13. It is a flexible metal protective net woven from stainless steel wire. Together with the inner spiral steel pipe, it forms a "double-layer armor" system, which further enhances mechanical protection capabilities, wear resistance, and torsion resistance, and adapts to the structural integrity under repeated bending or dragging scenarios. At the same time, it has an electromagnetic shielding function. In strong electromagnetic interference scenarios, it can shield the interference of external electromagnetic signals on optical signals and prevent static electricity accumulation.

[0053] The outer sheath 15 is set on the outside of the stainless steel wire braided layer 14, which provides comprehensive protection. The modified high-temperature resistant ceramicized silicone rubber composite sheath material has good impact resistance and wear resistance.

[0054] In this embodiment, the sensing fiber core 16 located at the center of the strain vibration sensing optical cable is the core carrier for strain vibration sensing and signal transmission. It is usually made of single-mode low-loss optical fiber, and in some high-sensitivity scenarios, special coated optical fiber is used to ensure that minute deformations / vibrations can be effectively sensed.

[0055] The loose tube 17 is fitted on the outside of the sensing fiber core 16 to provide mechanical buffer and micro-stress isolation for the fiber. It also adapts to the coupling requirements of vibration sensing. The inside is filled with thixotropic fiber grease to prevent moisture intrusion and lubricate the fiber, avoiding micro-bending loss caused by static stress. It protects the fiber from external damage without excessively isolating vibration, ensuring that external vibration / strain can be effectively transmitted to the internal fiber and avoiding a decrease in sensing sensitivity.

[0056] The steel wire 18 is sleeved on the outside of the loose tube 17 and is the core tensile load-bearing element of the optical cable. It is usually made of high-strength steel wire or stainless steel wire, which provides extremely high axial tensile strength, stabilizes the cable core structure, prevents the cable core from twisting and deforming during construction or operation, ensures the consistency of vibration / strain transmission, avoids sensor signal drift caused by structural misalignment, enhances the optical cable's resistance to lateral pressure, and buffers local extrusion stress.

[0057] Water-blocking yarn 19 is set on the outside of steel wire 18 to form a longitudinal water-blocking system, ensuring structural stability in harsh environments. When it comes into contact with water, it can quickly expand to form a dense water-blocking gel, blocking the longitudinal penetration of water inside the optical cable, preventing hydrogen loss of optical fiber and corrosion of metal components caused by water vapor, avoiding sensor signal attenuation or failure due to environmental factors, and at the same time not affecting the transmission efficiency of vibration signals, thus meeting the structural consistency requirements of vibration sensing.

[0058] Spiral steel pipe 20 has the same function as spiral steel pipe 12, and outer sheath 21 has the same function as outer sheath 15.

[0059] In this embodiment, the temperature-sensing optical cable in the intelligent sensing unit group uses temperature-sensing optical fiber (employing Raman scattering distributed temperature measurement technology), and the strain-vibration-sensing optical cable uses strain-vibration-sensing optical fiber (employing Brillouin scattering technology), enabling real-time monitoring of parameters such as temperature, strain, and vibration along the entire cable line. The optical fiber adopts a tight-packed structure and is covered with an aramid yarn reinforcement layer to ensure the optical performance stability of the optical fiber during cable bending and stretching processes.

[0060] The overall shielding layer includes a wrapping shielding layer 4 and a braided shielding layer 5, which are sequentially wrapped around the outside of the cable core composed of the intelligent sensing unit group and the electrical unit group. The wrapping shielding layer 4 covers the outside of the cable core, and the braided shielding layer 5 covers the outside of the wrapping shielding layer 4.

[0061] In this embodiment, the wrapping shielding layer 4 is made of aluminum-plastic composite tape, and the braided shielding layer 5 is made of tin-plated copper wire, thus forming a double-layer shield. The inner shielding layer uses 0.05mm thick aluminum-plastic composite tape wrapped longitudinally, with an overlap rate of ≥20%. The outer shielding layer uses tin-plated copper wire braided shielding with a braiding density of ≥90% and a single wire diameter of 0.15mm~0.20mm. The double-layer shielding structure has an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of ≥60dB in the 10kHz~1GHz frequency band, effectively resisting electromagnetic interference from high-power motors, frequency converters, and other equipment in the cabin, ensuring signal transmission stability.

[0062] For scenarios with strong electromagnetic interference (such as laying in areas near radar or communication base stations), an additional layer of tin-plated copper strip can be added for shielding, which can improve the shielding effectiveness to over 80dB.

[0063] The inner sheath layer 6 covers the outer side of the braided shielding layer 5 of the total shielding layer and is extruded from an elastic, low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material (oxygen index > 34).

[0064] The inner sheath layer 6 is located between the braided shielding layer 5 and the armor layer 7, and is used to protect the electrical unit and optical cable unit from mechanical damage. In this embodiment, the inner sheath layer 6 is made by extruding a layer of elastic low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material (oxygen index > 35) as the inner sheath layer, which has good elasticity and buffering flame-retardant properties, while improving the overall sealing performance of the cable and preventing moisture and salt spray from penetrating the cable core.

[0065] The armor layer 7 covers the outer side of the inner sheath layer 6 and is made of tin-plated steel wire / aramid yarn mixed woven armor.

[0066] The armor layer 7 is located between the inner sheath layer 6 and the outer sheath layer 8. In this embodiment, the armor layer 7 adopts a tin-plated steel wire / aramid yarn hybrid braided armor structure: braiding angle 30°~45°, braiding density ≥85%, tin-plated steel wire diameter 0.2mm~0.4mm, and aramid yarn breaking strength ≥20CN / dtex. Compared with traditional pure steel wire armor, the hybrid armor structure reduces weight by about 30%, while possessing excellent tensile, impact, and compression resistance, capable of withstanding tensile loads of over 10kN, preventing mechanical damage to the cable during laying and operation, and providing an additional electromagnetic shielding path.

[0067] The outer sheath layer 8, covering the outer side of the armor layer 7, is made of modified high-temperature resistant ceramicized silicone rubber composite sheath material. It has the most basic function of an outer sheath, primarily providing mechanical and environmental protection for the internal cable core structure. It can withstand operating temperatures up to 200℃ and also possesses excellent resistance to ultraviolet radiation, ozone, and salt spray, with a service life of over 30 years in outdoor environments. It exhibits good impact and abrasion resistance, protecting against mechanical damage during construction and installation. It also demonstrates good resistance to corrosive media such as acids, alkalis, oils, and organic solvents. When heated, it forms a dense ceramic protective layer, effectively blocking heat and oxygen from transferring inwards.

[0068] In this embodiment, the cable consisting of the electrical unit group and the intelligent sensing unit group has a circular core, resulting in a compact overall structure that reduces the outer diameter of the cable and improves the space utilization of the ship. It solves the problems of power supply for internal electrical equipment and signal transmission for communication instrument monitoring equipment. The cable has excellent high temperature resistance, high flame retardancy, low smoke and halogen-free characteristics, and corrosion resistance. At the same time, it can monitor cable overload, local overheating and other abnormalities in real time, and can identify abnormal events such as stress concentration, external damage and animal gnawing after cable laying. The fault location accuracy can reach ±1m. By monitoring the cable's operating status and providing fire early warning in real time, it can meet the power and communication needs of modern ships in complex environments.

[0069] The cabling process involves simultaneously twisting optical fiber units, electrical units, and filler ropes into a complete cable core structure. The control of the optical fiber laying process at this stage directly determines the fiber loss level and the product's communication transmission function. The core control points for the laying process are as follows:

[0070] (1) The tension of the loose tube optical cable is usually controlled between 5 and 15 N (adjusted according to the number of fiber cores; the larger the number of cores, the higher the tension). An active tension cable laying frame is used, and a passive cable laying frame is strictly prohibited. The tension difference during the cable laying process is ≤2 N to avoid tension fluctuations caused by changes in the diameter of the cable reel.

[0071] (2) The optical cable laying frame has an automatic untwisting function. The twisting angle of the optical cable unit is ≤ ±5° per meter. It is strictly forbidden to forcibly pull and twist the optical cable unit. No looping or twisting is allowed throughout the process. An additional rotary connector is required to release the residual stress of the armor layer and avoid the deformation of the cable core caused by the rebound of the armor layer after cabling.

[0072] (3) The tension of the optical cable unit, electrical unit, and filler rope must be consistent to prevent “unit bulging” or “stretching deformation” during the twisting process. If the tension of the optical cable unit is less than that of the electrical unit, it will cause the optical cable to bend excessively in the cable core, increasing micro-bending loss. If the tension is too high, it will cause insufficient fiber length, and the fiber core will easily break when the finished product is stretched.

[0073] (4) During the cabling process, online OTDR is used to monitor the changes in fiber loss in real time. Attenuation data is recorded every 200 meters. If a sudden change in attenuation occurs ≥0.03dB / km, the machine is immediately stopped to check for abnormalities in the tension and bending radius of the cable.

[0074] (5) The tension of cable take-up and cable release should be matched. The diameter of the take-up reel should be ≥ 40 times the diameter of the finished cable. Cross compression is strictly prohibited when the cable core is coiled to avoid additional stress on the optical fiber. The cable core after cable formation needs to be tested with a full-length OTDR. The attenuation data before release should be compared with the initial attenuation data. The attenuation increment should be ≤ 0.05dB / km.

[0075] This cable connects to a ship fault diagnosis model built on an LSTM neural network, serving as a data acquisition and transmission carrier for monitoring data. It collects operating parameters of the ship's power system and electrical system, and through historical operating data, achieves the following system fault diagnosis and predictive maintenance functions:

[0076] (1) Insulation aging prediction: By analyzing the trends of long-term operating parameters such as operating temperature, load current, and inductor, the end of insulation life can be predicted in advance to guide the planned replacement of faulty cables.

[0077] (2) Intelligent fault type identification: It can automatically distinguish different fault types such as overheating, mechanical damage, electromagnetic interference, and poor contact, and can accurately diagnose and predictive maintain.

[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature resistant and high-flame-retardant marine intelligent communication cable, characterized in that, It includes, from the inside out, an electrical unit group, a total shielding layer, an inner sheath layer, an armor layer, and an outer sheath layer. An intelligent sensing unit group is set between the electrical unit group and the total shielding layer. The intelligent sensing unit group includes a temperature sensing optical cable and a strain vibration sensing optical cable. The intelligent sensing unit group and the electrical unit group form the cable core, and the temperature sensing optical cable is placed at the center of the cable core.

2. The communication cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple electrical unit groups are provided, and the multiple electrical unit groups are evenly distributed along the cable core; the gap between the intelligent sensing unit group and the electrical unit group is filled with high flame-retardant filler rope and wrapped with composite tape.

3. The communication cable as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple electrical unit groups are arranged around the temperature sensing optical cable, and the strain vibration sensing optical cable is located between the electrical unit groups.

4. The communication cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-sensing optical cable consists of, from the inside out, a temperature-sensing optical fiber, a loose tube, a spiral steel pipe, aramid yarn, a stainless steel wire braided layer, and a first outer sheath.

5. The communication cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The strain vibration sensing optical cable consists of, from the inside out, an optical fiber core, a loose tube, a steel wire, a water-blocking yarn, a spiral steel tube, and a second outer sheath.

6. The communication cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical unit group includes a conductor, an insulating layer, and a shielding layer. The conductor and the insulating layer constitute the insulated core of the electrical unit group, and the insulating layer is wrapped around the outside of the conductor.

7. The communication cable as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The electrical unit group is provided with multiple insulated wire cores, adjacent insulated wire cores are attached to each other, multiple insulated wire cores are twisted into a wire group, and a shielding layer is provided on the outside of the wire group.

8. The communication cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The overall shielding layer includes a wrapping shielding layer and a braided shielding layer. The wrapping shielding layer covers the outside of the cable core, and the braided shielding layer covers the outside of the wrapping shielding layer.

9. The communication cable as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The wrapping shielding layer is made of aluminum-plastic composite tape, and the braided shielding layer is made of tin-plated copper wire.

10. The communication cable as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sheath layer covers the outside of the braided shielding layer of the total shielding layer, and the inner sheath layer is extruded from halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material; the armor layer covers the outside of the inner sheath layer and is made of tin-plated steel wire and aramid yarn mixed braided armor; the outer sheath layer covers the outside of the armor layer and is made of ceramicized silicone rubber composite sheath material.

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