Energy storage containers and energy storage systems

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of battery energy storage technology, and more particularly to an energy storage container and energy storage system. The energy storage container provided by this invention includes a container body and battery packs. The container body is a standard 20-foot container. The battery packs are disposed within the container body, arranged in three rows along the length of the container body and in eight layers along the height of the container body. Each battery pack contains 104 battery cells, each with a rated capacity greater than or equal to 860Ah. By employing large-capacity battery cells with a rated capacity greater than or equal to 860Ah, the energy storage container provided by this invention increases the total system capacity to 6.86MWh within the space constraints of a standard 20-foot container, bringing the rated power of the energy storage converter to a ratio of approximately 0.5P to the system capacity. Simultaneously, the total number of battery packs is reduced from 32 to 24, improving converter utilization while lowering system integration costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage container and energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage containers are modular energy storage devices that integrate battery systems, electrical protection units, and thermal management systems within a standard container. They have been widely deployed in applications such as grid peak shaving and frequency regulation, and new energy distribution and storage. Using a standard 20-foot container as the container body facilitates standardized factory production, rapid batch delivery, and flexible on-site installation.

[0003] In energy storage containers using a standard 20-foot shipping container as the body, the battery pack is the core energy storage unit of the system, and its arrangement must be adapted to the internal space dimensions of the container. Taking a commonly used scheme as an example, the battery packs are arranged in 4 rows along the length of the container and stacked in 8 layers along the height, for a total of 32 battery packs; each battery pack contains 104 battery cells connected in series, and the rated capacity of the battery cells used is approximately 588Ah. Under this scheme, the total system capacity of the energy storage container is approximately 6.25MWh.

[0004] In actual engineering configurations, the aforementioned 6.25MWh system is typically paired with an energy storage converter with a rated power of approximately 3.45MW. Since 3.45MW ÷ 6.25MWh ≈ 0.55, meaning the rated power of the energy storage converter is approximately 0.55 times the total system capacity, and the charge / discharge rate exceeds the conventional configuration level of 0.5P by about 10%, the rated power capacity of the energy storage converter is somewhat over-supplied relative to the system's energy storage capacity. The converter capacity is not fully utilized, resulting in a correspondingly high converter cost per kilowatt-hour.

[0005] In addition, the 32 battery packs require a corresponding number of high-voltage power distribution protection units and other system components. The large number of components and the complex system integration process have increased the system integration cost to some extent.

[0006] Therefore, under the space constraints of a standard 20-foot container, how to increase the total system power of a single energy storage container to achieve a more compact match with the rated power of mainstream energy storage converters, while reducing the number of battery packs and corresponding components, is an issue that needs to be improved in existing energy storage container solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides an energy storage container and an energy storage system. By using large-capacity battery cells with a rated capacity greater than or equal to 860Ah, the energy storage container increases the total system capacity to 6.86MWh within the space constraints of a standard 20-foot container. This makes the ratio of the rated power of the energy storage converter to the system capacity approach 0.5P, while reducing the total number of battery packs from 32 to 24. This improves the converter utilization rate and reduces the system integration cost.

[0008] The present invention provides an energy storage container, comprising: a container body, wherein the container body is a standard 20-foot container; and a battery pack disposed within the container body, wherein the battery pack is arranged in 3 rows along the length direction of the container body and in 8 layers along the height direction of the container body; each battery pack contains 104 battery cells, and the rated capacity of each battery cell is greater than or equal to 860Ah.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the 104 battery cells are arranged in 4 rows and 26 columns in a horizontal plane, and the 104 battery cells are connected in series.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the length of the battery pack is less than or equal to 2250 mm, the width of the battery pack is less than or equal to 1700 mm, and the height of the battery pack is less than or equal to 255 mm.

[0011] In one possible implementation, four battery packs in the upper four layers of the same column are connected in series to form a battery cluster; four battery packs in the lower four layers of the same column are connected in series to form a battery cluster.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the container contains a total of 6 battery clusters, each containing 416 battery cells connected in series. The operating voltage of the battery clusters is less than or equal to 1500V, and the total capacity of the energy storage container is greater than or equal to 6.8MWh.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the energy storage container further includes an energy storage converter electrically connected to the six battery clusters, the energy storage converter having a rated power of 3MW to 4MW.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the thickness T of the battery cell satisfies: T≤75.5mm, the length L of the battery cell satisfies: L≤400mm, and the height H of the battery cell satisfies: H≤225mm.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the thickness T of the battery cell satisfies: 75mm≤T≤75.5mm, the length L of the battery cell satisfies: 395mm≤L≤400mm, and the height H of the battery cell satisfies: 220mm≤H≤225mm.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the volumetric energy density of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 417 Wh / L.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention provides an energy storage container and an energy storage system, comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned energy storage containers.

[0018] The energy storage container provided by this invention uses battery cells with a rated capacity greater than or equal to 860Ah, significantly increasing the total system capacity of the container compared to existing solutions. Each battery pack contains 104 battery cells, and the increase in cell capacity is directly reflected in the storage capacity of a single pack, thus increasing the total system capacity of all battery packs in the container. Taking 860Ah as an example, the storage capacity of a single battery pack is approximately 860Ah × 104 × 3.2V / 1000 ≈ 286kWh (based on the nominal voltage of 3.2V for lithium iron phosphate battery cells), and the total system capacity of 24 battery packs is approximately 6.86MWh; while in the existing 588Ah solution, the total system capacity of 32 battery packs is approximately 588Ah × 104 × 3.2V × 32 / 1000 ≈ 6.25MWh. Taking a 3.45MW energy storage converter as an example, the ratio of the converter's rated power to the system's power in the existing scheme is about 0.55, and the charge-discharge rate exceeds the conventional configuration level of 0.5P. In this scheme, the ratio is about 0.50, the rated power capacity of the converter is fully utilized, and the converter cost per kilowatt-hour is reduced accordingly.

[0019] Meanwhile, the 860Ah battery cells are larger in size than the 588Ah battery cells, resulting in a larger overall battery pack size and increased space requirements along the length of the container. Within the constraints of a standard 20-foot container length, the number of battery pack rows that can be accommodated along the length has been reduced from 4 to 3, while the height remains unchanged at 8 layers. The total number of battery packs within the container has been reduced from 32 to 24. This reduction in the total number of battery packs leads to a corresponding reduction in the number of corresponding system components such as high-voltage power distribution protection units, simplifying the system integration process and helping to lower the overall system integration cost. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage container provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an energy storage container in existing technology; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the battery pack in the energy storage container.

[0022] Figure label: 1. Container body; 2. Battery pack; 21. Individual battery cells 3. Battery clusters. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This invention describes an energy storage container, comprising: a container body 1, which is a standard 20-foot container; a battery pack 2 disposed within the container body 1, wherein the battery pack 2 is arranged in 3 rows along the length of the container body 1 and in 8 layers along the height of the container body 1; each battery pack 2 contains 104 battery cells 21, and the rated capacity of each battery cell 21 is greater than or equal to 860Ah.

[0025] In this invention, battery cells 21 with a rated capacity greater than or equal to 860Ah are used, significantly increasing the total system capacity of the container compared to existing solutions. Each battery pack 2 contains 104 battery cells 21, and the increase in cell capacity is directly reflected in the storage capacity of a single pack, thus increasing the total system capacity of all battery packs 2 within the container. Taking 860Ah as an example, the storage capacity of a single battery pack 2 is approximately 860Ah × 104 × 3.2V / 1000 ≈ 286kWh (based on the nominal voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery cell 21 at 3.2V), and the total system capacity of 24 battery packs 2 is approximately 6.86MWh; while in the existing 588Ah solution, the total system capacity of 32 battery packs 2 is approximately 588Ah × 104 × 3.2V × 32 / 1000 ≈ 6.25MWh. Taking a 3.45MW energy storage converter as an example, the ratio of the converter's rated power to the system's power in the existing scheme is about 0.55, and the charge-discharge rate exceeds the conventional configuration level of 0.5P. In this scheme, the ratio is about 0.50, the rated power capacity of the converter is fully utilized, and the converter cost per kilowatt-hour is reduced accordingly.

[0026] Meanwhile, the 860Ah-class battery cell 21 is larger in size than the 588Ah battery cell 21, resulting in a larger overall size of the battery pack 2 and increased space occupied along the length of the container. Within the constraint of a standard 20-foot container length, the number of rows of battery pack 2 that can be accommodated along the length is reduced from 4 to 3, while the height remains unchanged at 8 layers. The total number of battery pack 2 units within the container is reduced from 32 to 24. This reduction in the total number of battery pack 2 units leads to a corresponding reduction in the number of corresponding system components such as high-voltage power distribution protection units, simplifying the system integration process and helping to lower the overall system integration cost.

[0027] Specifically, a rated capacity of ≥860Ah means that the rated charge that a single battery cell 21 can release under standard charge and discharge conditions is not less than 860Ah. The 104 battery cells 21 in each battery pack 2 are connected in series, and the output capacity of the battery pack 2 is equal to the rated capacity of a single battery cell 21, i.e., ≥860Ah. The 3-row, 8-layer arrangement means that the battery packs 2 are arranged in 3 rows along the length of the container and stacked in 8 layers along the height of the container, resulting in a total of 24 battery packs 2 within the container body 1.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, taking a battery cell 21 with a rated capacity of 866Ah as an example, each of the 24 battery packs 2 contains 104 battery cells 21, and the total system capacity can reach approximately 6.9MWh. The total number of battery packs 2 is 24, and the number of system components such as the high-voltage distribution box configured per pack is reduced accordingly.

[0029] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in related technologies, taking a 20-foot containerized energy storage system composed of 588Ah cells as an example, the battery packs 2 are arranged in 4 rows and 8 layers inside the container body 1, with a total of 32 battery packs 2 and a total system capacity of approximately 6.25MWh. When configured with a 3.45MW energy storage converter, the system charge-discharge rate is approximately 0.55P, and the power of the energy storage converter is over-supplied by about 10% relative to the system capacity. The capacity of the energy storage converter is not fully utilized, resulting in a high cost of the energy storage converter per kilowatt-hour.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, battery cells 21 with a rated capacity of ≥860Ah are arranged in 3 rows and 8 layers inside the container body 1, increasing the total system capacity to over 6.8MWh. This forms a matching relationship of nearly 0.5P with the 3.45MW energy storage converter, eliminating the power over-matching problem in the original scheme. At the same time, the number of battery packs 2 is reduced from 32 to 24, and the number of system supporting components is reduced accordingly, which helps to reduce system integration costs.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the 104 battery cells 21 are arranged in 4 rows and 26 columns in a horizontal plane, and the 104 battery cells 21 are connected in series.

[0032] In this invention, the 104 battery cells 21 in each battery pack 2 are arranged in 4 rows and 26 columns, so that the battery cells 21 form a regular matrix spatial distribution in the battery pack 2. This helps to make full use of the effective space inside the battery pack 2, and at the same time makes the stress and heat dissipation conditions of each battery cell 21 more consistent, which is conducive to the standardization of the structural design of the battery pack 2.

[0033] Specifically, "4 rows and 26 columns" means that within the battery pack 2, 4 battery cells 21 are arranged along the width direction of the battery pack 2 (i.e., 4 rows) and 26 battery cells 21 are arranged along the length direction of the battery pack 2 (i.e., 26 columns), totaling 4 × 26 = 104 battery cells 21, which corresponds completely in quantity to "104 battery cells 21 connected in series" in claim 1. The directions corresponding to "rows" and "columns" are consistent with the width and length directions of the battery pack 2, respectively, and the number of cells arranged in these two directions together determines the distribution pattern of the battery cells 21 within the cross-section of the battery pack 2.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, taking a lithium iron phosphate battery cell 21 with a nominal voltage of 3.2V and a rated capacity of 866Ah as an example, after 104 battery cells 21 are connected in series in a 4-row, 26-row layout, the rated voltage of a single battery pack 2 is approximately 332.8V, and the rated capacity is approximately 288kWh. This electrical parameter provides a reasonable voltage basis for multiple battery packs 2 to be connected in series to form a battery cluster 3. Based on the mature 4-row, 26-row layout, and with battery cells 21 with a rated capacity ≥860Ah, the capacity of a single pack is increased to the 288kWh level, achieving a higher total system capacity under the condition of the same number of battery packs 2; at the same time, continuing the existing row and column layout topology is conducive to the reuse of existing battery pack 2 structural design and manufacturing process experience.

[0035] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the length of the battery pack 2 is less than or equal to 2250 mm, the width of the battery pack 2 is less than or equal to 1700 mm, and the height of the battery pack 2 is less than or equal to 255 mm.

[0036] In this invention, each battery pack 2 has a length ≤2250mm, a width ≤1700mm, and a height ≤255mm. The three-dimensional dimensions of the battery pack 2 are limited to a specific upper limit range, thereby ensuring that the arrangement of 3 columns and 8 layers is geometrically feasible within the space of a standard 20-foot container.

[0037] Specifically, the "length" of battery pack 2 corresponds to the size it occupies when placed along the width of the container, the "width" corresponds to the size it occupies when placed along the length of the container, and the "height" corresponds to the size it occupies when stacked in each layer. In the length direction of the container, the sum of the widths of the three rows of battery packs 2 must not exceed the effective internal length of the container body 1; in the height direction of the container, the sum of the heights of the eight stacked layers must not exceed the effective internal height of the container body 1; and in the width direction of the container, the length of battery pack 2 must not exceed the effective internal width of the container body 1. These three dimensional limits together constitute the geometric constraints for the feasible arrangement of battery pack 2 within the container body 1.

[0038] In one specific embodiment, when the width of the battery pack 2 is 1700mm, the total width of the 3 rows is approximately 5100mm, which can be arranged within the effective length of the standard 20-foot container body 1, while reserving the necessary installation and operation space; when the height of the battery pack 2 is 255mm, the total height after stacking 8 layers is approximately 2040mm, which is lower than the effective internal height of the standard 20-foot container, thus meeting the stacking installation conditions.

[0039] In some embodiments, four battery packs 2 in the upper four layers of the same column of battery pack 2 are connected in series to form a battery cluster 3; four battery packs 2 in the lower four layers of the same column of battery pack 2 are connected in series to form a battery cluster 3.

[0040] In this invention, four battery packs 2 located in the upper four layers along the height direction of the container in the same column are connected in series to form a battery cluster 3, and four battery packs 2 located in the lower four layers are connected in series to form another battery cluster 3. The eight battery packs 2 in each column are electrically divided into two independent battery clusters 3. The number of battery packs 2 connected in series in each battery cluster 3 is controlled, thereby limiting the operating voltage of each battery cluster 3 within a reasonable range and making the two battery clusters 3 electrically independent of each other.

[0041] Specifically, each battery pack 2 contains 104 battery cells 21 connected in series. Four battery packs 2 are connected in series to form a battery cluster 3, which contains a total of 4 × 104 = 416 battery cells 21 connected in series. Based on the nominal voltage of 3.2V for each battery cell 21, the nominal operating voltage of each battery cluster 3 is approximately 1331V, which is within the applicable range of a 1500V DC bus platform. The "upper 4 layers" and "lower 4 layers" refer to the four layers in the upper half and the four layers in the lower half of the eight-layer stacked battery pack 2, respectively. They are electrically independent clusters and each has its own independent charging and discharging path.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, the eight battery packs 2 in the same row are divided into two groups of four layers above and four layers below. Each group of four battery packs 2 is connected in series to form a battery cluster 3. The operating voltage of each battery cluster 3 is controlled within 1500V, which meets the electrical requirements of the mainstream 1500V DC bus platform and is directly matched with the DC side input voltage range of the current mainstream energy storage converter, without the need for an additional voltage regulation device.

[0043] In some embodiments, the container body 1 is provided with a total of 6 battery clusters 3, each battery cluster 3 containing 416 battery cells 21 connected in series, the operating voltage of the battery cluster 3 is less than or equal to 1500V, and the total power of the energy storage container is greater than or equal to 6.8MWh.

[0044] In this invention, a total of 6 battery clusters 3 are provided inside the container body 1. Each battery cluster 3 contains 416 battery cells 21 connected in series. The working voltage is ≤1500V and the total system capacity is ≥6.8MWh. The key electrical parameters such as the number of battery clusters 3, the number of cells in series in each cluster, the working voltage level, and the total system capacity are clearly defined at the overall system level, so that the configuration parameters of the container energy storage system are fully defined.

[0045] Specifically, the six battery clusters 3 originate from three rows of battery packs 2 within the container body 1. Each row contains eight battery packs 2, which are divided into two battery clusters 3, with four layers above and four layers below. The three rows together form 3 × 2 = six battery clusters 3. Each battery cluster 3 contains 416 battery cells 21 connected in series, which is the result of four battery packs 2 (each pack containing 104 battery cells 21) connected in series. The operating voltage ≤1500V means that the terminal voltage of each battery cluster 3 does not exceed 1500V during charging and discharging, meeting the electrical requirements of mainstream 1500V DC bus platforms. The total system capacity ≥6.8MWh means that the sum of the rated storage capacity of the six battery clusters 3 within the container is not less than 6.8MWh.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, taking a battery cell 21 with a rated capacity of 866Ah and a nominal voltage of 3.2V as an example, the rated capacity of a single battery cluster 3 is approximately 416 × 3.2V × 866Ah ÷ 1000 ≈ 1153kWh. The total capacity of a system with 6 battery clusters 3 is approximately 6.917MWh, which meets the requirement of ≥6.8MWh. By using battery cells 21 with a rated capacity of ≥860Ah, and with each battery cluster 3 containing 416 battery cells 21 connected in series, the total capacity of the system is increased to ≥6.8MWh. At the same time, the number of battery clusters 3 in the container is reduced from 8 to 6, and the number of system components configured by cluster, such as the high-voltage power distribution protection unit, is reduced accordingly, which helps to reduce system integration costs.

[0047] In some embodiments, the energy storage container further includes an energy storage converter electrically connected to the six battery clusters 3, the energy storage converter having a rated power of 3MW to 4MW.

[0048] In this invention, the energy storage container also includes an energy storage converter with a rated power of 3MW to 4MW. The power specifications of the energy storage converter are matched with the total system capacity of ≥6.8MWh to form a reasonable correspondence between the charging and discharging power capability of the energy storage converter and the storage capacity of the battery system, thereby reducing asset waste caused by power over-provisioning.

[0049] Specifically, an energy storage converter is a power electronic conversion device that connects a battery system to the power grid. Its rated power refers to the maximum power at which the energy storage converter can operate stably for a long period of time, determining the maximum power output or input capability of the energy storage system during charging and discharging. Rated power ranges from 3MW to 4MW, covering the mainstream power specifications currently used in the industry with 6.8MWh to 7MWh systems, and is suitable for application scenarios with different charge / discharge rate requirements, such as peak shaving and frequency regulation.

[0050] In one specific embodiment, when the total system power is 6.917MWh, an energy storage converter with a rated power of 3.45MW is configured, corresponding to a charge / discharge rate of approximately 0.5P (i.e., it takes about 2 hours to fully charge or discharge). The rated power capacity of the energy storage converter is fully utilized. 3.45MW falls within the limited range of 3MW to 4MW, which is the mainstream specification currently used in the industry for systems with this power level.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the thickness T of the battery cell 21 satisfies: T≤75.5mm, the length L of the battery cell 21 satisfies: L≤400mm, and the height H of the battery cell 21 satisfies: H≤225mm.

[0052] In this invention, the thickness T of the battery cell 21 is ≤75.5mm, the length L is ≤400mm, and the height H is ≤225mm. The three-dimensional dimensions of the battery cell 21 are limited to a specific upper limit range, so that the space occupied by the 104 battery cells 21 arranged in 4 rows and 26 columns in the battery pack 2 meets the size requirements of the battery pack 2 with a length ≤2250mm, a width ≤1700mm, and a height ≤255mm, thereby supporting the realization of the 3-column 8-layer arrangement scheme in the container body 1.

[0053] Specifically, the "thickness T" of the battery cell 21 corresponds to the dimension occupied by the battery cell 21 along the length direction of the battery pack 2. The total dimension of 26 rows of battery cells 21 arranged along this direction, plus the internal structural allowance, determines the length of the battery pack 2. The "length L" of the battery cell 21 corresponds to the dimension occupied by the battery cell 21 along the width direction of the battery pack 2. The total dimension of 4 rows of battery cells 21 arranged along this direction, plus the end plate and other structural components, determines the width of the battery pack 2. The "height H" of the battery cell 21 corresponds to the dimension occupied by the battery cell 21 along the height direction of the battery pack 2. Adding the structural allowance of the pack shell, the height of the battery pack 2 is determined. The upper limits of these three dimensional directions correspond to the upper limits of the dimensions in the corresponding directions of the battery pack 2, forming a dimensional transmission constraint relationship from the battery cell 21 level to the battery pack 2 level.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting the upper limit of the length L of the battery cell 21 to 400mm, the width of the battery pack 2 can reach the order of 1700mm when arranged in 4 rows. This makes full use of the space in the width direction of the container. Combined with the constraints of thickness T≤75.5mm and height H≤225mm, the target of rated capacity of the battery cell 21 reaching more than 860Ah is supported under the premise of meeting the overall size constraints of the battery pack 2. At the same time, the clear upper limit of the three-dimensional dimensions provides clear boundary conditions for the coordination between the design of the battery cell 21 and the structural design of the battery pack 2.

[0055] In some embodiments, the thickness T of the battery cell 21 satisfies: 75mm≤T≤75.5mm, the length L of the battery cell 21 satisfies: 395mm≤L≤400mm, and the height H of the battery cell 21 satisfies: 220mm≤H≤225mm.

[0056] In this invention, the thickness T of the battery cell 21 satisfies 75mm≤T≤75.5mm, the length L satisfies 395mm≤L≤400mm, and the height H satisfies 220mm≤H≤225mm. Furthermore, corresponding lower limits are given, which constrain the external dimensions of the battery cell 21 within a relatively narrow range, so that this size range forms a clear correspondence with the requirement of rated capacity ≥860Ah under the current process level.

[0057] Specifically, the lower limit of this size range stems from the constraint on the achievable rated capacity of the battery cell 21: under the current technological level of lithium iron phosphate square aluminum-cased cells, if the three-dimensional dimensions of the battery cell 21 are lower than the lower limit specified in this claim, its effective volume is insufficient to achieve the rated capacity target of 860Ah under the existing volumetric energy density conditions; while the upper limit specified by the three-dimensional dimensions exceeds the constraint range of the battery pack 2 size, making it unsuitable for the 3-column 8-layer container layout scheme. The range jointly defined by the two limits is the intersection of the two constraints of "rated capacity achievable" and "battery pack 2 size feasible".

[0058] In a specific embodiment, taking a battery cell 21 with a thickness T=75.2mm, length L=398mm, and height H=222mm as an example, all three dimensions are within the range specified in this claim. Based on a volumetric energy density of 417Wh / L, the corresponding rated capacity is approximately 866Ah, which meets the requirement of rated capacity ≥860Ah. At the same time, it is compatible with the layout of a 4-row, 26-row battery pack 2 and the size constraints of the battery pack 2 in claim 3.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, by giving the lower and upper limits of each of the three-dimensional directions, the shape design of the battery cell 21 is converged to the range of 75mm≤T≤75.5mm, 395mm≤L≤400mm, and 220mm≤H≤225mm. The size is controlled in coordination in the three directions, which not only meets the rated capacity requirements, but also maintains compatibility with the structure of the battery pack 2, providing clear coordinated constraint boundaries for cell design and battery pack 2 structure design.

[0060] In some embodiments, the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 21 is greater than or equal to 417Wh / L.

[0061] In this invention, the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 21 is not less than 417Wh / L, which, together with the dimensional constraints of the battery cell 21, ensures that the rated capacity of the battery cell 21 can reach more than 860Ah within the specified dimensional range. At the same time, using 417Wh / L as the lower limit of volumetric energy density clarifies the minimum requirements of this solution for cell manufacturing capabilities, making the technical solution of this invention reproducible.

[0062] Specifically, volumetric energy density refers to the electrical energy that a single battery cell 21 can store per unit volume, measured in Wh / L. Its value is equal to the rated capacity (Wh) of the battery cell 21 divided by its external volume (L). Given the external dimensions of the battery cell 21, a higher volumetric energy density corresponds to a larger rated capacity. When the three-dimensional dimensions of the battery cell 21 are within the aforementioned specified range (T≤75.5mm, L≤400mm, H≤225mm), and the volumetric energy density is not less than 417Wh / L, it can be deduced that the rated capacity of the battery cell 21 meets the requirement of ≥860Ah. There is a clear mathematical correspondence between these two constraints.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, taking the dimensions of battery cell 21 as T=75.2mm, L=398mm, H=222mm as an example, the corresponding volume is approximately 6.644L. Under the condition of volumetric energy density of 417Wh / L, the stored energy is approximately 2770Wh. Calculated based on the nominal voltage of 3.2V, the rated capacity is approximately 866Ah, which meets the requirement of rated capacity ≥860Ah.

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, the volumetric energy density is specified to be no less than 417Wh / L. On the one hand, this ensures the attainability of the rated capacity target within a given size range. On the other hand, with the continuous improvement of cell manufacturing process, the actual volumetric energy density may exceed 417Wh / L. In this case, under the premise of meeting the same rated capacity requirements, the actual size of the battery cell 21 can be smaller than the above-mentioned upper limit, providing additional structural margin inside the battery pack 2, such as for thermal management channels or expansion buffer design.

[0065] The present invention provides an energy storage container and an energy storage system, comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned energy storage containers.

[0066] In this invention, the energy storage system includes multiple energy storage containers as described in the preceding claims. By combining multiple energy storage containers, an energy storage system capable of meeting the installation requirements of different scales can be constructed. Since the total system power of each energy storage container is ≥6.8MWh, the number of energy storage containers required to construct an energy storage system with the same total installed capacity is reduced compared to container solutions with lower total system power, and the scale of supporting infrastructure directly related to the number of containers is correspondingly reduced.

[0067] Specifically, each energy storage container, as an independent energy storage unit, has a complete battery pack 2, battery cluster 3, and electrical interface. Multiple energy storage containers are connected in parallel to the busbar to jointly provide energy storage services to the grid or user side. The total installed capacity of the energy storage system is equal to the sum of the total power of each energy storage container system. The number of energy storage containers required is determined by the ratio of the total installed capacity to the total power of a single container system; the higher the total power of a single system, the fewer containers are required.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, taking the construction of a 200MWh energy storage power station as an example, if a 588Ah containerized solution with a total system capacity of approximately 6.25MWh is adopted, approximately 32 energy storage containers are required; if the energy storage containers of this invention with a total system capacity of ≥6.8MWh are adopted, approximately 29 containers are required. For a power station of this scale, the reduction in the number of containers means a corresponding reduction in the number of supporting infrastructure components such as container foundations, combiner cables, and communication access points, and the power station's footprint is also reduced.

[0069] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage container, characterized in that, include: The container body is a 20-foot standard container. A battery pack is disposed inside the container. The battery pack is arranged in 3 rows along the length of the container and in 8 layers along the height of the container. Each battery pack contains 104 battery cells, and the rated capacity of each battery cell is greater than or equal to 860Ah.

2. The energy storage container according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 104 battery cells are arranged in 4 rows and 26 columns in a horizontal plane, and the 104 battery cells are connected in series.

3. The energy storage container according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the battery pack is less than or equal to 2250mm, the width of the battery pack is less than or equal to 1700mm, and the height of the battery pack is less than or equal to 255mm.

4. The energy storage container according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the same column of the battery pack, the four battery packs in the upper four layers are connected in series to form a battery cluster; in the same column of the battery pack, the four battery packs in the lower four layers are connected in series to form a battery cluster.

5. The energy storage container according to claim 4, characterized in that, The container contains six battery clusters, each containing 416 battery cells connected in series. The operating voltage of the battery clusters is less than or equal to 1500V, and the total capacity of the energy storage container is greater than or equal to 6.8MWh.

6. The energy storage container according to claim 5, characterized in that, The energy storage container also includes an energy storage converter, which is electrically connected to the six battery clusters. The rated power of the energy storage converter is 3MW to 4MW.

7. The energy storage container according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness T of the battery cell satisfies: T≤75.5mm, the length L of the battery cell satisfies: L≤400mm, and the height H of the battery cell satisfies: H≤225mm.

8. The energy storage container according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thickness T of the battery cell satisfies: 75mm≤T≤75.5mm, the length L of the battery cell satisfies: 395mm≤L≤400mm, and the height H of the battery cell satisfies: 220mm≤H≤225mm.

9. The energy storage container according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The volumetric energy density of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 417Wh / L.

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that, It includes multiple energy storage containers as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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