A short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure, relating to the field of circuit protection technology. It includes: an insulating shell with an internal cavity structure; terminal blocks at both ends of the insulating shell for conductive connection to two cables to be connected; a power transmission ring fixedly installed at the center of the insulating shell, with a short-circuit sensing module inside; the short-circuit sensing module can detect a short circuit in real time and deform upon temperature increase; after deformation, the short-circuit sensing module releases the limit on the sliding component via an actuator, and the ejection module releases elastic potential energy to rapidly eject the sliding component outward. By integrating the short-circuit sensing module, actuator, and ejection module, short-circuit sensing, mechanical locking, and elastic energy storage ejection are integrated into the same insulating shell. During a short circuit, manual insertion and removal are not required, achieving zero-contact fault isolation and significantly improving the safety of live-line work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit protection technology, specifically to a short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as power transmission, new energy vehicle charging, industrial automation control, and outdoor emergency power supply, fast and reliable cable connections are crucial for ensuring the normal operation of systems. Currently, the most widely used cable mating methods in the industry include threaded screw-in connectors, bayonet quick-connect connectors, and through-hole locking connectors. These traditional connectors share the common characteristics of achieving physical locking through mechanical friction or geometric interference (such as threads or jaws), and relying on tight contact between conductive terminals to ensure low-resistance conduction.

[0003] While the aforementioned connectors can meet basic connection requirements, they expose the following deep-seated technical problems when facing complex operating conditions (especially short-circuit faults): When a short-circuit fault occurs at the load end or in the line, it is usually accompanied by high current and high temperature. Traditional connectors themselves lack sensing and execution capabilities. Operators must first disconnect the upstream main power supply, then wear insulated equipment and manually unscrew or unplug the connector. In high-voltage or high-current scenarios, manual intervention is not only time-consuming, but also highly susceptible to electric shock or arc burns in harsh environments such as dampness, confined spaces, or heights. Especially in emergency scenarios such as fire rescue or battlefield repairs, this delayed processing is unacceptable. Existing connectors passively withstand short circuits; the connection terminals rapidly heat up, melt, or even weld shut under the impact of the huge short-circuit current. Once the terminals are welded, physical separation becomes extremely difficult. This can not only lead to permanent damage to the connector, but also potentially cause a fire due to continuous short circuits, or render the equipment interface unusable due to forced removal. To address this, we propose a short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a short-circuit self-ejecting cable docking structure, comprising: an insulating shell, the interior of which is a cavity structure; terminal blocks are provided at both ends of the insulating shell, the terminal blocks at both ends being used for conductive connection with two cables to be connected respectively; a power transmission ring is fixedly installed at the center of the interior of the insulating shell, and a short-circuit sensing module is provided inside the power transmission ring, the short-circuit sensing module being able to detect a short circuit in real time and deform when the temperature rises; actuators are drivenly connected to the lower sides of the short-circuit sensing module, and the actuators move synchronously when the short-circuit sensing module deforms; the lower sides of the interior of the insulating shell... Sliding components are provided on both sides, and the actuator is connected to the sliding components. A synchronously moving conductive sleeve is provided above the sliding components. After the conductive sleeve closes with the power transmission ring, the circuit is connected. Pop-out modules are installed on both sides of the sliding components. After the short-circuit sensing module deforms, the actuator releases the limit on the sliding components, and the pop-out modules release elastic potential energy to drive the sliding components to pop out quickly, separating the conductive sleeve from the power transmission ring. A protection module is also provided inside the upper part of the insulating shell. The protection module is used to prevent fire from occurring inside the insulating shell at high temperatures. The four major functions of sensing, execution, conduction, and pop-out are modularly integrated and installed inside the insulating shell. Compared with traditional linear plug-in, this structure separates by lateral sliding, resulting in more balanced force, faster pop-out speed, and effectively avoiding jamming caused by force on one side.

[0006] Preferably, the insulating housing consists of a mounting base, a cover, a panel, and a sheath. The panel and the cover are detachably connected. The cover has an opening on one side and is fixedly installed on top of the base. The sheath covers the outside of the terminal block, placing the structure inside the insulating housing, which improves the safety of the structure.

[0007] Preferably, the terminal block includes a flexible connector with an opening on one side. A metal insert is installed at the end of the wire and inserted into the inside of the connector, and is locked in place by a screw. The connector, in conjunction with the metal insert and the screw, ensures low resistance of the wire connection, improves vibration resistance, and prevents the wire from loosening under frequent plugging and unplugging or impact.

[0008] Preferably, the sliding assembly includes a guide rail, which is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the insulating housing; and a sliding saddle, which is slidably connected to the guide rail. The cross-section of the sliding saddle located inside the guide rail is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. The conductive sleeve is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding saddle. The isosceles trapezoidal cross-section of the sliding saddle is designed to cooperate with the guide rail, which can withstand a large lateral force and ensure that the conductive sleeve always maintains coaxiality with the power transmission ring during the strong spring ejection process, avoiding misalignment that could lead to short circuits or mechanical jamming.

[0009] Preferably, the pop-out module includes a fixed base, which is fixedly connected to both sides of the power transmission ring and fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the insulating housing; a compression spring, one end of which is inserted into and fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed base; and a sleeve, which is sleeved and fixed to the other end of the compression spring. The sleeve is connected to the sliding assembly. The compression spring is pre-placed in the fixed base and the sleeve, resulting in a compact structure. Furthermore, the sleeve acts as a force transmission medium, allowing the point of application of the spring force to be closer to the center of gravity of the sliding assembly, thereby improving energy transfer efficiency and achieving instantaneous disconnection.

[0010] Preferably, the power transmission ring has a vertically distributed racetrack-like structure. A support is provided below the power transmission ring, and the support is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the insulating shell. Insert blocks are fixedly installed on both outer walls of the power transmission ring. The insert blocks slide into the conductive sleeve to achieve closure and separation. When the parabolic metal sheet one and metal sheet two are heated, their deformation changes with temperature exhibit non-linear amplification characteristics. Compared with the linear bimetallic sheet, they have higher sensitivity and larger trigger displacement output, ensuring the reliability of subsequent unlocking actions.

[0011] Preferably, the short-circuit sensing module includes a bushing, which is made of insulating material and fixedly connected inside the transmission ring; a first metal sheet, which is fixedly connected to the bushing, and a second metal sheet is fixedly installed on the inner side of the first metal sheet. The first and second metal sheets are parabolic in shape, and when the transmission ring generates heat, the first and second metal sheets shrink and deform inward synchronously; a terminal and a plug, wherein the plug is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first metal sheet through a terminal, and the terminal is made of insulating material.

[0012] Preferably, an inclined support is fixedly installed on the outer side of the first metal sheet, and a puncture needle is fixedly installed at the top of the inclined support. The puncture needle moves upward with the deformation of the first and second metal sheets to puncture the protection module and realize air jet fire extinguishing. The puncture needle on the inclined support can puncture the airbag of the protection module at the extreme position of the deformation of the metal sheet, and assist in activating the protection module.

[0013] Preferably, the actuator includes connecting arms disposed on both sides of the conductive sleeve. The connecting arms move synchronously with the conductive sleeve. Vertically distributed hanging ears are fixedly installed at the ends of the connecting arms, and a through slide is provided inside the hanging ears. The insertion rod is inserted into the slide. Utilizing the lever amplification principle, a slight movement of the insertion rod within the slide of the hanging ear can be converted into movement of the connecting arm, thereby easily achieving the unlocking effect under the action of the pop-out module.

[0014] Preferably, the protection module includes an airbag fixedly installed inside the upper part of the insulating shell. The airbag is pre-filled with a sufficient amount of inert flame-retardant gas or ultrafine dry powder extinguishing agent. It can quickly reach the design concentration for extinguishing fire in the sealed cavity, achieving asphyxiation and arc extinguishing, as well as cooling and flame retardancy. The bottom sides of the airbag are provided with nozzles for puncturing. When the internal temperature of the shell rises abnormally, the airbag releases inert gas or ultrafine dry powder extinguishing agent, such as nitrogen, heptafluoropropane, or ABC ultrafine dry powder extinguishing agent, to suppress combustion conditions at the source. It is particularly suitable for confined spaces or occasions with extremely high fire protection requirements.

[0015] This invention provides a short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. By integrating short-circuit sensing, mechanical locking, and elastic energy storage ejection into the same insulating housing through the short-circuit sensing module, actuator, and ejection module, the system achieves zero-contact fault isolation without relying on manual plugging and unplugging during a short circuit, significantly improving the safety of live-line work. 2. The short-circuit sensing module includes metal sheet one and metal sheet two. Under the action of heat generated by the transmission ring, the bimetallic sheet deforms. It does not require an external power supply or control chip, is inherently safe, has strong anti-interference ability, low cost, simple structure and high reliability, and is suitable for explosion-proof, field and strong electromagnetic interference environments. 3. The protection module used, under extreme high temperature or short circuit arcing conditions, will have its air nozzle at the bottom of the airbag located above the insulating shell punctured by a puncture needle, releasing inert gas or ABC ultrafine dry powder extinguishing agent to suffocate any flames that may be generated inside or reduce the oxygen concentration, thus preventing the fire from spreading. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a short-circuit self-ejecting cable docking structure according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure of the present invention with the upper insulating shell removed. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure of the present invention with the upper insulating shell removed. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the protection module structure of a short-circuit self-ejecting cable docking structure according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the actuator structure of a short-circuit self-ejecting cable docking structure according to the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the sliding component structure of a short-circuit self-ejecting cable docking structure according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pop-up module structure of a short-circuit self-pop-up cable docking structure according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a power transmission ring structure for a short-circuit self-elevating cable docking structure according to the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a short-circuit sensing module for a short-circuit self-pop-out cable docking structure according to the present invention.

[0017] 1. Insulating housing; 2. Terminal block; 3. Sliding assembly; 31. Guide rail; 32. Slide saddle; 4. Pop-out module; 41. Fixed base; 42. Compression spring; 43. Sleeve; 5. Conductive sleeve; 6. Transmission ring; 61. Support; 62. Insert block; 7. Short circuit sensing module; 71. Metal sheet one; 72. Metal sheet two; 73. Bushing; 74. Terminal; 75. Insert rod; 76. Inclined support; 77. Puncture needle; 8. Actuator; 81. Connecting arm; 82. Hanging lug; 9. Protection module. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 - Figure 10 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a short-circuit self-ejecting cable docking structure, comprising: an insulating shell 1, the interior of which is a cavity structure; terminal blocks 2 are provided at both ends of the insulating shell 1, the terminal blocks 2 at both ends being used for conductive connection with two cables to be connected respectively; a power transmission ring 6 is fixedly installed at the center of the interior of the insulating shell 1, and a short-circuit sensing module 7 is provided inside the power transmission ring 6, the short-circuit sensing module 7 can detect a short circuit in real time and deform when the temperature rises; actuators 8 are drivenly connected to the lower sides of the short-circuit sensing module 7, and the actuators 8 move synchronously when the short-circuit sensing module 7 deforms; the insulating... Sliding components 3 are provided on both sides of the lower interior of the housing 1. The actuator 8 is connected to the sliding components 3. A synchronously moving conductive sleeve 5 is provided on the top of the sliding components 3. After the conductive sleeve 5 and the power transmission ring 6 are closed, the circuit is connected. Pop-out modules 4 are installed on both sides of the sliding components 3. After the short circuit sensing module 7 deforms, the actuator 8 releases the limit on the sliding components 3. The pop-out modules 4 release elastic potential energy to drive the sliding components 3 to pop out quickly, so that the conductive sleeve 5 and the power transmission ring 6 are separated. A protection module 9 is also provided on the upper interior of the insulating housing 1. The protection module 9 is used to prevent fire from occurring inside the insulating housing 1 at high temperatures.

[0020] In this embodiment, the device includes: an insulating housing 1, the interior of which is a cavity structure; the insulating housing 1 is composed of a mounting base, a cover, a panel, and a sheath, the panel and the cover are detachably connected, the cover has an opening on one side and is fixedly installed on top of the base, the sheath covers the outside of the terminal block 2, and terminal blocks 2 are provided at both ends of the insulating housing 1, the terminal blocks 2 at both ends are used to make conductive connections with the two cables to be connected respectively; the terminal block 2 includes an elastic connector with an opening on one side, the end of the wire is installed with a metal insert inserted into the inside of the connector and locked with screws.

[0021] In this embodiment, a power transmission ring 6 is fixedly installed at the center of the interior of the insulating shell 1. The power transmission ring 6 has a vertically distributed racetrack-like structure. The cavity structure inside the power transmission ring 6 is just right for installing and fixing the metal sheet. A support 61 is provided below the power transmission ring 6. The support 61 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the insulating shell 1. Insert blocks 62 are fixedly installed on both outer walls of the power transmission ring 6. The insert blocks 62 slide into the conductive sleeve 5 to achieve closure and separation. A chamfer is provided on the end face of the insert block 62 to facilitate the closure of the conductive sleeve 5 and the insert block 62.

[0022] In this embodiment, a short-circuit sensing module 7 is provided inside the power transmission ring 6. The short-circuit sensing module 7 can detect a short circuit in real time and deform when the temperature rises. The short-circuit sensing module 7 includes a bushing 73, which is made of insulating material and is fixedly connected inside the power transmission ring 6; a metal sheet 71, which is fixedly connected to the bushing 73; and a metal sheet 72, which is fixedly installed on the inner side of the metal sheet 71. The metal sheets 71 and 72 are parabolic in shape. When the power transmission ring 6 generates heat, the metal sheets 71 and 72 shrink and deform inward synchronously. A terminal 74 and a plug 75 are provided. The plug 75 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the metal sheet 71 through the terminal 74. The terminal 74 is made of insulating material. The temperature-sensing deformation principle of the metal sheets 71 and 72 is also a commonly used action method, which can better realize the monitoring of short circuits and generate active movement, prompting the actuator 8 to release the pop-out module 4.

[0023] In this embodiment, actuators 8 are drivenly connected to both sides of the short-circuit sensing module 7. When the short-circuit sensing module 7 deforms, the actuators 8 move synchronously. The actuators 8 include connecting arms 81 on both sides of the conductive sleeve 5. The connecting arms 81 move synchronously with the conductive sleeve 5. Vertically distributed hanging ears 82 are fixedly installed at the ends of the connecting arms 81. The hanging ears 82 are provided with through slides. The slides are long slot structures, which can better see the insertion and removal of the plug rod 75. The plug rod 75 is inserted into the slide. When the metal sheet deforms, that is, after the metal sheet retracts inward, the terminal 74 and the plug rod 75 move inward synchronously, allowing the plug rod 75 to be pulled out from the two parallel hanging ears 82, and the connection between the two hanging ears 82 is released. Under the action of the pop-out module 4, the sliding saddle 32 moves quickly inside the guide rail 31, thereby allowing the conductive sleeve 5 to detach from the plug block 62.

[0024] In this embodiment, sliding components 3 are provided on both sides of the lower interior of the insulating housing 1. The actuator 8 is connected to the sliding components 3. A synchronously moving conductive sleeve 5 is provided above the sliding components 3. After the conductive sleeve 5 and the power transmission ring 6 are closed, the circuit is connected. The sliding components 3 include a guide rail 31, which is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the insulating housing 1; and a sliding saddle 32, which is slidably connected to the guide rail 31. The cross-section of the sliding saddle 32 located inside the guide rail 31 is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. The conductive sleeve 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding saddle 32. The sliding saddle 32 moves laterally inside the guide rail 31, so that the conductive sleeve 5 can move closer to or away from the plug 62. At the same time, the sliding saddle 32 also drives the connecting arm 81 to move laterally.

[0025] In this embodiment, pop-out modules 4 are installed on both sides of the sliding component 3. After the short-circuit sensing module 7 deforms, the actuator 8 releases the limit on the sliding component 3, and the pop-out modules 4 release elastic potential energy to drive the sliding component 3 to pop out quickly, allowing the conductive sleeve 5 to separate from the power transmission ring 6. The pop-out modules 4 include a fixing seat 41, which is fixedly connected to both sides of the power transmission ring 6 and fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the insulating housing 1; and a compression spring 42, one end of which is inserted into and fixedly connected to the fixing seat. Inside 41; sleeve 43, sleeve 43 is sleeved and fixed to the other end of compression spring 42, sleeve 43 is connected to sliding assembly 3, sleeve 43 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding saddle 32. When the conductive sleeve 5 and the insert block 62 are in a closed state, the distance between the sleeve 43 and the fixed seat 41 is the smallest, that is, the spring is in a compressed state and has the highest elastic potential energy. Only when the connecting arms 81 on both sides are momentarily separated, the conductive sleeve 5 and the power transmission ring 6 are separated under the popping action of the compression spring 42.

[0026] In this embodiment, a protection module 9 is also provided on the upper part of the interior of the insulating shell 1. The protection module 9 is used to prevent fire from occurring inside the insulating shell 1 at high temperatures. An inclined support 76 is also fixedly installed on the outer side of the metal sheet 71. A puncture needle 77 is fixedly installed on the top of the inclined support 76. The protection module 9 includes an airbag fixedly installed inside the upper part of the insulating shell 1. The airbag is pre-filled with a sufficient amount of inert flame-retardant gas or ultrafine dry powder extinguishing medium. There are nozzles for puncturing on both sides of the bottom of the airbag. After the bimetallic strip is deformed by heat, the metal sheet will drive the inclined support 76 and the puncture needle 77 to move synchronously. When the puncture needle 77 approaches the nozzle below the airbag, the puncture needle 77 punctures the nozzle, allowing the inert gas ultrafine dry powder extinguishing medium inside the airbag to be quickly sprayed into the sealed interior of the insulating shell 1 to prevent fire.

Claims

1. A short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure, comprising: An insulating shell (1) has an internal cavity structure; characterized in that: the insulating shell (1) is provided with terminals (2) at both ends, and the terminals (2) at both ends are used to make conductive connections with the two cables to be connected respectively. A power transmission ring (6) is fixedly installed at the center of the interior of the insulating shell (1). A short circuit sensing module (7) is provided inside the power transmission ring (6). The short circuit sensing module (7) can sense the short circuit in real time and deform when the temperature rises. Both sides of the short circuit sensing module (7) are connected to the actuator (8) for transmission. When the short circuit sensing module (7) deforms, the actuator (8) moves synchronously. Sliding components (3) are provided on both sides of the lower interior of the insulating housing (1). The actuator (8) is connected to the sliding components (3). A synchronously moving conductive sleeve (5) is provided above the sliding components (3). After the conductive sleeve (5) and the power transmission ring (6) are closed, the circuit is connected. Pop-out modules (4) are installed on both sides of the sliding components (3). After the short circuit sensing module (7) deforms, the actuator (8) releases the limit on the sliding components (3). The pop-out module (4) releases the elastic potential energy to drive the sliding components (3) to pop out quickly, so that the conductive sleeve (5) and the power transmission ring (6) are separated. A protection module (9) is also provided on the upper part of the interior of the insulating shell (1). The protection module (9) is used to prevent fire from occurring inside the insulating shell (1) at high temperatures.

2. The short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating housing (1) consists of a mounting base, a cover, a panel and a sheath. The panel and the cover are detachably connected. The cover has an opening on one side and is fixedly installed on top of the base. The sheath covers the outside of the terminal block (2).

3. The short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal block (2) includes a flexible connector with an opening on one side, and a metal insert is installed at the end of the wire and inserted into the inside of the connector and locked in place by a screw.

4. The short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (3) includes a guide rail (31), which is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the insulating housing (1); The sliding saddle (32) is slidably connected to the guide rail (31). The cross section of the sliding saddle (32) located inside the guide rail (31) is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. The conductive sleeve (5) is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding saddle (32).

5. A short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pop-out module (4) includes a fixing seat (41), which is fixedly connected to both sides of the power transmission ring (6) and is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the insulating housing (1). A compression spring (42), one end of which is inserted into and fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed base (41); A sleeve (43) is fitted onto and fixed to the other end of the compression spring (42), and the sleeve (43) is connected to the sliding assembly (3).

6. The short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power transmission ring (6) is a vertically distributed racetrack-shaped structure. A support (61) is provided below the power transmission ring (6). The support (61) is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the insulating shell (1). Inserts (62) are fixedly installed on both outer walls of the power transmission ring (6). The inserts (62) slide into the conductive sleeve (5) to achieve closure and separation.

7. The short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short-circuit sensing module (7) includes a bushing (73), which is made of insulating material and is fixedly connected inside the power transmission ring (6); Metal sheet one (71) is fixedly connected to the bushing (73). Metal sheet two (72) is fixedly installed on the inner side of metal sheet one (71). Metal sheet one (71) and metal sheet two (72) are parabolic in shape. When the power transmission ring (6) generates heat, metal sheet one (71) and metal sheet two (72) shrink and deform inward synchronously when heated. Terminal (74) and plug (75), wherein the plug (75) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the metal sheet (71) via terminal (74), and the terminal (74) is made of insulating material.

8. A short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: An inclined support (76) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the first metal sheet (71), and a puncture needle (77) is fixedly installed at the top of the inclined support (76). The puncture needle (77) moves upward with the deformation of the first metal sheet (71) and the second metal sheet (72) to puncture the protective module (9) and achieve jet fire extinguishing.

9. A short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The actuator (8) includes connecting arms (81) arranged on both sides of the conductive sleeve (5). The connecting arms (81) move synchronously with the conductive sleeve (5). The ends of the connecting arms (81) are fixedly installed with vertically distributed hanging ears (82), and the hanging ears (82) are provided with through slides. The insert rod (75) is inserted into the slide.

10. A short-circuit self-ejecting cable connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection module (9) includes an airbag fixedly installed inside the insulating housing (1). The airbag is pre-filled with a sufficient amount of inert flame-retardant gas or ultrafine dry powder extinguishing medium. The bottom sides of the airbag are provided with nozzles for puncturing.

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