A high-voltage transmission line induction energy harvesting power supply device and method based on source-storage-load coordination.

Abstract

This application provides a source-storage-load synergy-based inductive energy harvesting power supply device and method for high-voltage transmission lines, relating to the field of power system transmission line monitoring and maintenance technology. The device includes: a wideband, wide-amplitude energy harvesting unit installed on the high-voltage transmission line for acquiring current; an intrinsically safe protection unit connected to the output of the wideband, wide-amplitude energy harvesting unit for surge protection and open-circuit fault protection; a power conversion and synergy control unit connected to the intrinsically safe protection unit for receiving the protected current, performing impedance matching and system scheduling, and outputting the current to a regulated output unit; a regulated output unit connected to the power conversion and synergy control unit for outputting standard DC power; and an energy storage buffer unit connected to the power conversion and synergy control unit for energy buffering. This technical solution is adaptable to all operating conditions, possesses strong load-carrying capacity, and ensures equipment safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power system transmission line monitoring and maintenance technology, and more specifically, to a high-voltage transmission line induction energy harvesting power supply device and method based on source-storage-load coordination. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of smart grids, drone-based automated inspection systems are being deployed on a large scale in key areas such as remote mountainous regions and areas crossing rivers and power lines. To ensure their operation, the following two power supply methods are currently the main methods employed: Solar photovoltaic + lithium battery: Power is generated using solar panels and stored in batteries.

[0003] Traditional inductive power harvesting: Power is harvested by induction using current transformers (CTs) mounted on power transmission lines.

[0004] However, the above technologies have the following serious drawbacks when dealing with the specific load of drone nests: Highly dependent on the environment (for photovoltaics): It is greatly affected by rain, icing, and dust accumulation, resulting in significant intermittent power supply and making it difficult to ensure that the solar cells are online 24 / 7.

[0005] Poor adaptability to wide current range (for traditional power extraction): Transmission line current fluctuates greatly (300A-3000A). Traditional devices have insufficient power at low currents, and the magnetic core is prone to saturation, overheating, or even burnout at high currents.

[0006] Unable to handle sudden loads: Drone nests are typical high-power sudden loads (low standby power consumption, but instantaneous charging power can reach 800W-1000W). Existing power harvesting devices are mostly designed for rated power and cannot support instantaneous high power demands, which can lead to voltage drops or even system restarts.

[0007] Insufficient safety protection: When a short circuit or lightning strike occurs on a high-voltage line, the transient overvoltage generated on the induction side can easily break down the downstream circuit; and once the secondary side of the CT is open, it will generate high voltage that endangers personal safety. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The embodiments of this application provide a source-storage-load synergy-based high-voltage transmission line induction energy harvesting power supply device and method to solve the contradiction between magnetic saturation and maximizing energy harvesting power in existing devices under a wide range of line currents from 300A to 3000A, the mismatch between the impulsive power demand of UAV nests for "long-term low-power standby and instantaneous high-power charging" and the limited rated power of the energy harvesting device, and the safety protection issues of open-circuit high voltage and lightning surges on the secondary side of the CT.

[0009] Other features and advantages of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part from practice of this application.

[0010] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a high-voltage transmission line induction energy harvesting power supply device based on source-storage-load coordination is provided, comprising: Wideband and wide-amplitude energy harvesting unit, intrinsically safe protection unit, power conversion and coordination control unit, energy storage buffer unit and voltage regulation output unit; The wideband wideband energy harvesting unit is installed on the high-voltage transmission line to harvest current; The intrinsically safe protection unit is connected to the output terminal of the wideband wide-amplitude energy harvesting unit and is used for surge protection and open-circuit fault protection of the current. The power conversion and coordination control unit is connected to the intrinsically safe protection unit, and is used to receive the protected current, perform impedance matching and system scheduling, and output the current to the regulated output unit. The voltage regulated output unit is connected to the power conversion and coordination control unit and is used to output standard DC power. The energy storage buffer unit is connected to the power conversion and coordination control unit and is used as an energy buffer.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the broadband wide-range energy trapping unit includes: An energy harvesting coil is installed on a high-voltage transmission line.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the magnetic core of the energy harvesting coil is made of a high-permeability nanocrystalline alloy material.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the intrinsically safe protection unit includes: Surge protection circuit and open-circuit fault protection switch; The surge protection circuit is connected to the energy harvesting coil; The open-circuit fault protection switch is connected to the surge protection circuit at one end and the power conversion and coordination control unit at the other end.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the surge protection circuit includes: Interconnected transient suppression diodes and varistors.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, based on the aforementioned scheme, the open-circuit fault protection switch is a normally closed electronic switch.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the power conversion and coordination control unit includes: DC / DC converters and MCU controllers; The DC / DC converter is connected to the intrinsically safe protection unit, the energy storage buffer unit, and the voltage regulation output unit, respectively. The MCU controller is connected to the DC / DC converter and adjusts the duty cycle of the DC / DC converter in real time according to the line current.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the energy storage buffer unit adopts a lithium iron phosphate battery pack and is equipped with a BMS system.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a method for supplying power to high-voltage transmission lines based on source-storage-load coordination is provided, comprising: The maximum power extraction point under the current line current is determined based on the MPPT algorithm. Real-time monitoring of load current and bus voltage; When the load current exceeds a first set current threshold for a given duration and / or the bus voltage drops by a greater than a set percentage threshold for a given duration, the system switches to grid-connected mode. The wideband and wideband energy harvesting unit and the energy storage buffer unit discharge together to supply the load.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the following further methods are also included: When the load current is detected to drop back to the second set current threshold and the bus voltage is restored to stability, the energy storage buffer unit stops discharging; Wherein, the second set current threshold is less than the first set current threshold.

[0020] The technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: All operating conditions adaptable: It can stably extract energy within the range of 300A-3000A without the risk of magnetic saturation.

[0021] Superior load capacity: Utilizing a device with a rated power of 200W, it successfully supports a 1000W-level impact load through a collaborative algorithm.

[0022] Intrinsically safe: Equipped with millisecond-level fault cutoff and automatic short-circuit protection in case of power failure, ensuring the safety of high-voltage side equipment.

[0023] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a high-voltage transmission line inductive energy harvesting power supply device based on source-storage-load coordination according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a high-voltage transmission line induction power supply method based on source-storage-load coordination according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0026] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this application.

[0027] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0028] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily need to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0029] It should be noted that "multiple" in this article refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such uses of these terms can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described.

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0032] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0033] The following technical problems exist in the existing technology: (1) The existing device faces a contradiction between magnetic saturation and maximizing energy harvesting power under a wide range of line currents from 300A to 3000A; (2) The problem of mismatch between the impactful power demand of the UAV nest, which is characterized by "long-term low-power standby and instantaneous high-power charging", and the limited rated power of the energy harvesting device; (3) Safety protection issues of open-circuit high voltage and lightning surge on the secondary side of CT.

[0034] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a high-voltage transmission line induction power supply device based on source-storage-load coordination.

[0035] See Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural block diagram of a high-voltage transmission line induction power supply device based on source-storage-load coordination according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the device includes: Wideband and wide-amplitude energy harvesting unit, intrinsically safe protection unit, power conversion and coordination control unit, energy storage buffer unit and voltage regulation output unit; The wideband wideband energy harvesting unit is installed on the high-voltage transmission line to harvest current; The intrinsically safe protection unit is connected to the output terminal of the wideband wide-amplitude energy harvesting unit and is used for surge protection and open-circuit fault protection of the current. The power conversion and coordination control unit is connected to the intrinsically safe protection unit, and is used to receive the protected current, perform impedance matching and system scheduling, and output the current to the regulated output unit. The voltage regulated output unit is connected to the power conversion and coordination control unit and is used to output standard DC power. The energy storage buffer unit is connected to the power conversion and coordination control unit and is used as an energy buffer.

[0037] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the voltage regulator output unit outputs standard 24V / 48V DC power with a voltage regulation accuracy of ≤1%.

[0038] In some feasible embodiments, based on the foregoing scheme, the broadband wide-range energy trapping unit includes: An energy harvesting coil is installed on a high-voltage transmission line.

[0039] In some feasible embodiments, based on the aforementioned scheme, the magnetic core of the energy harvesting coil is made of a high-permeability nanocrystalline alloy material.

[0040] It should be noted that in this embodiment, by adjusting the equivalent impedance through PWM control of the back-end circuit, and in conjunction with the magnetic circuit design, the energy harvesting coil can adapt to line currents of 300A~3000A without saturation.

[0041] In some feasible embodiments, based on the foregoing scheme, the intrinsically safe protection unit includes: Surge protection circuit and open-circuit fault protection switch; The surge protection circuit is connected to the energy harvesting coil; The open-circuit fault protection switch is connected to the surge protection circuit at one end and the power conversion and coordination control unit at the other end.

[0042] In some feasible embodiments, based on the foregoing solution, the surge protection circuit includes: Interconnected transient suppression diodes and varistors.

[0043] It is understood that in this embodiment, the combination of transient suppression diode and varistor can discharge lightning surges.

[0044] In some feasible embodiments, based on the aforementioned scheme, the open-circuit fault protection switch is a normally closed electronic switch.

[0045] It is understood that in this embodiment, when the control system fails or is powered off, the switch automatically closes to short-circuit the secondary side of the energy harvesting coil to prevent the generation of high voltage.

[0046] In some feasible embodiments, based on the foregoing scheme, the power conversion and coordination control unit includes: DC / DC converters and MCU controllers; The DC / DC converter is connected to the intrinsically safe protection unit, the energy storage buffer unit, and the voltage regulation output unit, respectively. The MCU controller is connected to the DC / DC converter and adjusts the duty cycle of the DC / DC converter in real time according to the line current.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the power conversion and coordination control unit has the following two functions: Impedance matching control: The MCU controller adjusts the duty cycle of the DC / DC converter in real time according to the line current, changing the input impedance so that the power extraction coil always works at the maximum power point.

[0048] Source-storage-load coordinated scheduling: Based on the dual criteria of "current threshold" and "bus voltage drop", it dynamically switches between "priority charging mode" and "grid-connected power supply mode".

[0049] In some feasible embodiments, based on the foregoing scheme, the energy storage buffer unit adopts a lithium iron phosphate battery pack and is equipped with a BMS system.

[0050] The working principle of this device is explained below: When the system is working normally, the MCU controller outputs a high-level signal to drive the open-circuit fault protection switch to open, allowing power input; If the MCU controller crashes, loses power, or the auxiliary power supply fails, the drive signal disappears, and the open-circuit fault protection switch physically resets to the closed state, momentarily short-circuiting the secondary side of the power extraction coil. This constitutes a fail-safe mechanism, fundamentally eliminating the risk of high voltage from an open circuit in the power extraction coil.

[0051] Power conversion stage: A DC / DC converter employing a Buck-Boost topology. The MCU controller samples the input voltage in real time. and current Calculate real-time power.

[0052] The PWM duty cycle of the power switch is adjusted using the perturbation and observation method. Adjusting the duty cycle essentially changes the equivalent input impedance of the DC / DC converter to match the internal resistance of the power extraction coil under the current conductor current, thereby extracting maximum power without causing magnetic saturation.

[0053] In this device, the energy storage buffer unit is connected to the DC bus via a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The output stage employs a voltage-regulated output unit with a wide input voltage range to ensure that the output remains stable at 48V±0.5V even if the bus voltage fluctuates.

[0054] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a method for supplying power to high-voltage transmission lines by induction based on source-storage-load coordination, including: The maximum power extraction point under the current line current is determined based on the MPPT algorithm. Real-time monitoring of load current and bus voltage; When the load current exceeds a first set current threshold for a given duration and / or the bus voltage drops by a greater than a set percentage threshold for a given duration, the system switches to grid-connected mode. The wideband and wideband energy harvesting unit and the energy storage buffer unit discharge together to supply the load.

[0055] In some feasible embodiments, based on the foregoing scheme, the method further includes: When the load current is detected to drop back to the second set current threshold and the bus voltage is restored to stability, the energy storage buffer unit stops discharging; Wherein, the second set current threshold is less than the first set current threshold.

[0056] For example, see Figure 2 The diagram shows a logical schematic of a high-voltage transmission line induction power supply method based on source-storage-load coordination.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the method includes: Step S1: Initialization and after powering on the MPPT device, first close the open-circuit protection switch, complete the self-test, and then disconnect it. Then, start the MPPT algorithm (Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithm) to lock the maximum power point harvested under the current line current.

[0058] Step S2: The dual-trigger criterion monitoring system monitors the load current in real time with a period of 10ms. and bus voltage Determine whether any of the following conditions are met: Condition A (Steady-state overload): (e.g., set to 5A), duration .

[0059] Condition B (transient impact): Drop amplitude within 10ms (e.g., dropping from 48V to below 45.6V).

[0060] The significance of setting condition B is that, before the current sensor has fully responded to the sudden change, the voltage drop is often the most sensitive signal of a sudden load increase, which can significantly improve the dynamic response speed of the system.

[0061] Step S3: Mode Switching and Execution to Enter Grid-Connected Mode: If any of the above conditions are met, the MCU controller immediately controls the bidirectional DC / DC converter of the energy storage buffer unit to enter the discharge state. At this time, the power supplied by the energy harvesting coil... With the power released by the energy storage buffer unit The DC bus converges to supply the load. .

[0062] Exiting grid-connected mode (hysteresis control): When detected Falling back to (e.g., 3A, significantly lower than) )and Once the situation stabilizes, the energy storage buffer unit stops discharging and switches back to "priority charging mode".

[0063] Other embodiments of this application will readily conceive of by those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-voltage transmission line induction power supply device based on source-storage-load coordination, characterized in that, include: Wideband and wide-amplitude energy harvesting unit, intrinsically safe protection unit, power conversion and coordination control unit, energy storage buffer unit and voltage regulation output unit; The wideband wideband energy harvesting unit is installed on the high-voltage transmission line to harvest current; The intrinsically safe protection unit is connected to the output terminal of the wideband wide-amplitude energy harvesting unit and is used for surge protection and open-circuit fault protection of the current. The power conversion and coordination control unit is connected to the intrinsically safe protection unit, and is used to receive the protected current, perform impedance matching and system scheduling, and output the current to the regulated output unit. The voltage regulated output unit is connected to the power conversion and coordination control unit and is used to output standard DC power. The energy storage buffer unit is connected to the power conversion and coordination control unit and is used as an energy buffer.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The broadband wide-amplitude energy capture unit includes: An energy harvesting coil is installed on a high-voltage transmission line.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic core of the energy harvesting coil is made of a high-permeability nanocrystalline alloy material.

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intrinsically safe protection unit includes: Surge protection circuit and open-circuit fault protection switch; The surge protection circuit is connected to the energy harvesting coil; The open-circuit fault protection switch is connected to the surge protection circuit at one end and the power conversion and coordination control unit at the other end.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surge protection circuit includes: Interconnected transient suppression diodes and varistors.

6. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The open-circuit fault protection switch is a normally closed electronic switch.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion and coordination control unit includes: DC / DC converters and MCU controllers; The DC / DC converter is connected to the intrinsically safe protection unit, the energy storage buffer unit, and the voltage regulation output unit, respectively. The MCU controller is connected to the DC / DC converter and adjusts the duty cycle of the DC / DC converter in real time according to the line current.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage buffer unit uses a lithium iron phosphate battery pack and is equipped with a BMS system.

9. A method for supplying power to high-voltage transmission lines based on source-storage-load coordination, characterized in that, include: The maximum power extraction point under the current line current is determined based on the MPPT algorithm. Real-time monitoring of load current and bus voltage; When the load current exceeds a first set current threshold for a given duration and / or the bus voltage drops by a greater than a set percentage threshold for a given duration, the system switches to grid-connected mode. The wideband and wideband energy harvesting unit and the energy storage buffer unit discharge together to supply the load.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: When the load current is detected to drop back to the second set current threshold and the bus voltage is restored to stability, the energy storage buffer unit stops discharging; Wherein, the second set current threshold is less than the first set current threshold.

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