Application methods, systems, media, and devices of reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling models

Abstract

This invention provides a method, system, medium, and device for applying a reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model. The method includes the following steps: S1: Dividing a broadband frequency band into multiple sub-bands, obtaining the position parameters of each radiating element and each feed source in the reconfigurable holographic metasurface, and equating each radiating element with a fixed-orientation magnetic dipole; S2: Constructing a reference wave excitation matrix and a mutual coupling matrix respectively, and establishing a consistent solution relationship for the equivalent dipole response of the element; S3: Solving for the equivalent mapping operator from the feed source input to the equivalent dipole response of the radiating element on each sub-band, and constructing a mutually coupled consistent electromagnetic response model; S4: Using this model as the basic input for subsequent beamforming, equivalent channel construction, and multi-user optimization. The modeling framework of this invention overcomes the limitations of traditional independent element modeling of reconfigurable metasurfaces and provides a physical model consistent with the real electromagnetic response for subsequent RHS beamforming and multi-user interference suppression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication and electromagnetic metasurface antenna technology, specifically to a method, system, medium, and device for applying a reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model. Background Technology

[0002] Reconfigurable holographic metasurfaces excite reference waves on the surface using a small number of feed sources and modulate the electromagnetic field using a large number of dense subwavelength metasurface units, thereby achieving high-gain beams with a large effective aperture. This is suitable for high-frequency broadband scenarios such as millimeter waves / terahertz. However, when the unit spacing reaches a quarter wavelength or even smaller, the near-field interaction between units is significantly enhanced, resulting in significant mutual coupling effects. This renders the traditional "independent unit" assumption invalid, manifesting as strong coupling and strong frequency dependence in the surface response. Simultaneously, broadband systems require repeated evaluation of mutual coupling effects at different frequency points or subbands. Using frequency-by-frequency full-wave simulation would introduce high complexity. Existing mutual coupling modeling methods, often based on array impedance, typically target the traditional phased array unit-by-unit feeding mechanism, making it difficult to directly reflect the excitation mechanism of RHS feed reference wave surface modulation. Models that merely stack numerical Green's function terms often lack explicit expressions for geometric, dielectric, and frequency parameters, hindering rapid broadband evaluation and parameter calibration. Therefore, a parameter-calibrable mutual coupling effect modeling scheme capable of efficient computation on broadband subbands is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling effect modeling method, system, medium, and device.

[0004] A method for applying a reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model according to the present invention includes: Step S1: Divide the broadband frequency band into multiple sub-bands, obtain the position parameters of each radiating unit and each feed source in the reconfigurable holographic metasurface, and convert each radiating unit into a magnetic dipole with a fixed orientation; Step S2: Construct the reference wave excitation matrix and mutual coupling matrix based on the radiation element and the feed source respectively, and establish the consistency solution relationship of the equivalent dipole response of the element based on the induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback mechanism; Step S3: Solve the consistency solution relationship on each sub-band to obtain the equivalent mapping operator from the feed input to the equivalent dipole response of the radiation element, and construct a mutually coupled consistent electromagnetic response model; Step S4: Use the mutually coupled consistent electromagnetic response model as the basic input for subsequent beamforming, equivalent channel construction and multi-user optimization.

[0005] Preferably, step S1 includes the following sub-steps: Step S1.1: Divide the system's broadband frequency band into multiple sub-bands that are processed independently, and determine the corresponding center frequency for each sub-band; Step S1.2: Obtain the position parameters of each radiating element, the position parameters of each feed source, and the geometric relationship between the feed source and the radiating element in the reconfigurable holographic metasurface; Step S1.3: Equivalently represent each subwavelength radiating element as a magnetic dipole with a fixed orientation, and express the equivalent dipole response of each radiating element in each subband in vector form.

[0006] Preferably, step S2 includes the following sub-steps: Step S2.1: Construct the reference wave excitation matrix generated by the feed on the metasurface, so that it characterizes the reference excitation relationship of different feeds to different radiation elements in each subband; Step S2.2: Construct a mutual coupling matrix representing the mutual coupling relationship between radiating elements, and incorporate its self-coupling terms into the modulation parameters or polarizability parameters of the radiating elements for processing; Step S2.3: Based on the induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback mechanism, establish a consistent solution relationship between the equivalent dipole response of the radiating element and the reference wave excitation and mutual coupling feedback, and solve for the equivalent dipole response of the radiating element on each sub-band.

[0007] Preferably, the mutual coupling matrix is ​​at least decomposed into a near-field mutual coupling portion formed by propagation through free space or an equivalent homogeneous medium, and a surface wave or guided wave mediated mutual coupling portion propagating along the structure.

[0008] Preferably, the near-field mutual coupling portion formed by propagation in free space or an equivalent homogeneous medium is calculated using the Green's function field expression of a magnetic dipole, and the near-field mutual coupling portion explicitly reflects the influence of the spatial spacing between radiating units, medium parameters, and sub-band center frequency on the mutual coupling strength and phase.

[0009] Preferably, the surface wave or guided wave-mediated mutual coupling portion propagating along the structure is described by a parametric propagation model; the parametric propagation model includes coupling strength parameters, propagation attenuation parameters, and propagation phase parameters, and can characterize the energy attenuation and phase accumulation along the propagation path between different radiating elements.

[0010] Preferably, the modulation parameters of the radiation unit include an amplitude modulation component and a phase modulation component, and in the amplitude holographic working mode, the phase modulation component is set to a fixed value.

[0011] A reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model application system provided by the present invention includes: The sub-band division module is used to divide the broadband frequency band into multiple sub-bands and determine the center frequency of each sub-band; The geometric parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the location of the radiating element, the location of the feed source, and the geometric relationship between the two; The reference wave construction module is used to construct a reference wave excitation matrix that characterizes the reference excitation relationship from the feed source to the radiating element. The mutual coupling matrix generation module is used to construct a mutual coupling matrix representing the mutual coupling relationship between radiating elements and decompose it into a near-field mutual coupling part and a surface wave or guided wave mutual coupling part. The consistency solution module establishes a consistency solution relationship based on the induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback mechanism. It solves the equivalent mapping operator from the feed input to the equivalent dipole response of the radiation element on each sub-band, and outputs it as the mutual coupling consistent electromagnetic response model.

[0012] According to the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program is provided, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model application method are implemented.

[0013] An electronic device according to the present invention includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model application method.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention has strong mutual coupling consistency. It adopts a consistency solution mechanism of induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback to avoid error accumulation caused by the "independent unit" assumption under strong mutual coupling conditions.

[0015] 2. The present invention has good broadband adaptability. By constructing models at the center frequencies of each sub-band through sub-banding processing, it is convenient for broadband systems to quickly assess the mutual coupling effect and reduce the cost of frequency-by-frequency processing.

[0016] 3. This invention is interpretable and easy to calibrate. The mutual coupling matrix can be decomposed into two parts: near-field mutual coupling and surface wave / guided wave mutual coupling, each corresponding to a clear physical mechanism. The parameterized propagation model supports calibration using measured or simulated data.

[0017] 4. This invention supports directional mutual coupling and introduces forward / reverse asymmetric mutual coupling description capability, which can better fit the actual propagation characteristics under waveguide or surface wave structures.

[0018] 5. This invention is easy to integrate into engineering projects. It outputs an equivalent mapping operator from "feed input to unit response", which can be directly used as the basic input for subsequent beamforming, equivalent channel modeling and interference suppression algorithms.

[0019] 6. This invention is applicable to scenarios where near-field mutual coupling is significant due to RHS, holographic metasurfaces, and dense subwavelength units of metasurface arrays in the millimeter-wave / terahertz frequency bands; it employs RHS architectures that form reference waves using waveguides, parallel plate waveguides, surface wave structures, etc.; and it features multi-subband OFDM / broadband beamforming, equivalent channel modeling, system-level simulation, and algorithm design, thus possessing a wide range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a reconfigurable holographic metasurface.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an equivalent magnetic dipole.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the beam azimuth and elevation angles.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a system structure diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a method for applying a reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model includes: Step S1: Divide the broadband frequency band into multiple sub-bands, obtain the position parameters of each radiating unit and each feed source in the reconfigurable holographic metasurface, and convert each radiating unit into a magnetic dipole with a fixed orientation; Step S2: Construct the reference wave excitation matrix and mutual coupling matrix based on the radiation element and the feed source respectively, and establish the consistency solution relationship of the equivalent dipole response of the element based on the induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback mechanism; Step S3: Solve the consistency solution relationship on each sub-band to obtain the equivalent mapping operator from the feed input to the equivalent dipole response of the radiation element, and construct a mutually coupled consistent electromagnetic response model; Step S4: Use the mutually coupled consistent electromagnetic response model as the basic input for subsequent beamforming, equivalent channel construction and multi-user optimization.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the method for modeling the mutual coupling effect of a reconfigurable holographic metasurface includes: Step 1: Divide the system's broadband frequency band into multiple sub-bands that are processed independently, and determine the corresponding center frequency for each sub-band.

[0028] Step 2: Obtain the position parameters of each radiating element, the position parameters of each feed source, and the geometric relationship between the feed source and the radiating element in the reconfigurable holographic metasurface; Step 3: Equivalently represent each subwavelength radiating unit as a magnetic dipole with a fixed orientation, and express the equivalent dipole response of each radiating unit in each subband in vector form; Step 4: Construct the reference wave excitation matrix generated by the feed on the metasurface, so that it can characterize the reference excitation relationship of different feeds to different radiation elements in each subband; Step 5: Construct a mutual coupling matrix representing the mutual coupling relationship between radiating elements, and incorporate its self-coupling terms into the modulation parameters or polarizability parameters of the radiating elements; based on the induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback mechanism, establish a consistent solution relationship between the equivalent dipole response of the radiating element and the reference wave excitation and mutual coupling feedback, and solve for the equivalent dipole response of the radiating element on each sub-band; the mutual coupling matrix is ​​decomposed into at least two parts, namely the near-field mutual coupling part formed by propagation through free space or equivalent homogeneous medium, and the surface wave or guided wave mediated mutual coupling part propagating along the structure.

[0029] The near-field mutual coupling components in free space or an equivalent homogeneous medium are calculated using the Green's function field expression for a magnetic dipole, as follows: ; The corresponding free-space near-field mutual coupling matrix elements are: , ; in It is frequency Below, by the location The unit magnetic dipole at the observation point The magnetic field vector generated at that location, It is the first The position vector of each RHS (Reconfigurable Holographic Metasurface) radiative unit. It is the first The position vector of each RHS radiative element. It is the first The center frequency of each sub-band It is a sub-belt wavenumber in a homogeneous medium In free space ,in It is the permeability of the medium. It is the dielectric constant of the medium. It is the speed of light in free space. From source unit Pointing to observation unit displacement vector, , It is the distance between two units. It is a unit direction vector. , It is the fixed-orientation unit vector of the equivalent magnetic dipole, and T denotes transpose. It is the imaginary unit. , It is the first Near-field mutual coupling matrix of free-space homogeneous medium in each sub-band It is the first The unit for the first The free-space mutual coupling coefficients of each unit. Furthermore, the near-field mutual coupling explicitly reflects the influence of the spatial spacing between radiating units, dielectric parameters, and sub-band center frequency on the mutual coupling strength and phase.

[0030] The surface wave or guided wave mediated mutual coupling is described by a parameterized propagation model. The parameterized propagation model includes at least coupling strength parameters, propagation attenuation parameters, and propagation phase parameters, and can characterize the energy attenuation and phase accumulation along the propagation path between different radiating elements.

[0031] The surface wave or guided wave mediated mutual coupling component further supports the propagation direction-dependent asymmetric mutual coupling description, including forward and reverse mutual coupling strength parameters along the feed propagation direction to characterize the directional differences caused by the structure or excitation.

[0032] The modulation parameters of the radiating element include amplitude modulation components and phase modulation components. In amplitude holographic operation mode, the phase modulation component is set to a fixed value, so that the equivalent polarizability or equivalent scattering capability of the radiating element is controlled only by the amplitude modulation component.

[0033] Step 6: Obtain the equivalent mapping operator from the feed input to the equivalent dipole response of the radiation unit in each sub-band from the consistency solution results. This operator is used to characterize the mutually coupled consistent electromagnetic response model of the broadband reconfigurable holographic metasurface.

[0034] The equivalent mapping operator explicitly considers the influence of mutual coupling feedback on the response of radiating elements during the solution process, thereby avoiding the simplification of mutual coupling effects to independent superposition or frozen operator approximation, and improving the modeling consistency and broadband stability under strong mutual coupling conditions.

[0035] The parameters in the parameterized propagation model are determined by at least one of the following methods: fitting calibration based on measured data, fitting calibration based on full-wave electromagnetic simulation data, or joint calibration by fusing measured data and simulation data.

[0036] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model application method.

[0037] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model application method.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides an application system for a reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model, comprising: The sub-band division module is used to divide the broadband frequency band into multiple sub-bands and determine the center frequency of each sub-band; The geometric parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the location of the radiating element, the location of the feed source, and the geometric relationship between the two; The reference wave construction module is used to construct a reference wave excitation matrix that characterizes the reference excitation relationship from the feed source to the radiating element. The mutual coupling matrix generation module is used to construct a mutual coupling matrix representing the mutual coupling relationship between radiating elements and decompose it into a near-field mutual coupling part and a surface wave or guided wave mutual coupling part. The consistency solution module establishes a consistency solution relationship based on the induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback mechanism. It solves the equivalent mapping operator from the feed input to the equivalent dipole response of the radiation element on each sub-band, and outputs it as the mutual coupling consistent electromagnetic response model.

[0039] In one embodiment, the above system specifically includes: The sub-band division module is used to divide the broadband frequency band into multiple sub-bands and determine the center frequency of each sub-band; The geometric parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the location of the radiating element, the location of the feed source, and the geometric relationship between the two; The reference wave construction module is used to construct a reference wave excitation matrix that characterizes the reference excitation relationship from the feed source to the radiating element. The mutual coupling matrix generation module is used to generate a mutual coupling matrix and decompose it into a near-field mutual coupling part and a surface wave or guided wave mutual coupling part. The consistency solution module is used to solve the equivalent dipole response of the radiating element in each subband based on the induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback mechanism, and output the equivalent mapping operator or the equivalent dipole response result.

[0040] Example 1 In this embodiment, the steps for constructing the mutual coupling model are as follows: Step S101: Wideband Subband Allocation and Center Frequency Determination Carrier frequency Total bandwidth Division Each belt, then and formula Obtain the center frequency of each sub-band 27.56 GHz u represents the U-th subband, B g This indicates the subband bandwidth.

[0041] Step S102: Modeling the geometry and position parameters of the reconfigurable holographic metasurface (RHS) Let RHS be a uniform linear array, with the number of elements... unit spacing ;Number of feeds Feed source location With unit position Feed source To unit The distance vector is defined as: .

[0042] Step S103: Construction of the target wave and the reference wave For the first A user, whose pointing object wave is in the unit The complex envelope at a given location is defined as: ; in Free space wave vector (by user direction angle) Sure).

[0043] It is the imaginary unit. ; like Figure 3 As shown, θ k It represents the pitch angle in the direction of the k-th user, and can also be understood as the elevation / polar angle of the beam relative to the vertical axis or the array normal.

[0044] φ k This represents the azimuth angle of the k-th user direction, which is the angle of rotation around the array in the horizontal plane.

[0045] Feed At the sub-band center frequency The reference wave formed on the RHS surface is defined as follows: ; in For children The propagation vector of the lower reference wave (related to the RHS feed structure).

[0046] It is the imaginary unit. ; Step S104: Generation of holographic interference terms and amplitude holograms Based on the principle of holographic interference, for users With feed The interference term is defined as ; in Indicates complex conjugation.

[0047] Construct an amplitude hologram (normalize the real part of the interference terms to [0,1]): ; The real part of the hologram corresponds to ; If Holographic Multiple Access (HDMA) overlay is used, the unit The final normalized amplitude coefficient is defined as: ; K represents the total number of users, and L represents the total number of feed sources.

[0048] And satisfy weight constraints Thus guarantee ; Define the magnitude vector and its diagonal matrix. ; Step S105: Unit Equivalent Magnetic Dipole and Modulation / Polarization Parameters Each subwavelength RHS unit is equivalent to a fixed-oriented magnetic dipole (oriented as follows). ).

[0049] In sub-band Below, the equivalent magnetic dipole moment amplitude vector of the element is defined as ; N represents the number of RHS cells.

[0050] Define the unit complex polarization (modulation coefficient) vector and its diagonal array Amplitude holography corresponds to a fixed phase. Therefore, there is ; m represents a holographic pattern.

[0051] Step S106: Mutual Coupling Matrix and Induced Dipole Superposition Model (Mutual Coupling Feedback Consistency) At the sub-band center frequency Define the mutual coupling matrix at this point. And set its diagonal elements to zero (incorporating the autocoupling term). ): A consensus equation is established using the induced dipole superposition model: ; in This is the reference excitation vector generated by the feed at the RHS element. Subband precoding matrix and sending symbol vector Multiply. Subband No. The first feed to the first Excitation of each unit: F u This represents the reference wave feed matrix.

[0052] Step S107: Reference wave feed matrix and feed source input Define the reference wave feed matrix ; The reference excitation generated by the feed is ; in For children The feed input (e.g., digital precoding driver): ; For digital precoding matrix, This is a data symbol vector.

[0053] Step S108: Output the equivalent mapping matrix of the mutually coupled consistent solution and the coupled sensing. Rearranging the consistency equation in step S106 yields the following: ; When using amplitude holography At that time, the sub-band was obtained. Closed-form solution of the lower element dipole response: ; I N Represents an N×N identity matrix; Therefore, the equivalent mapping matrix of the coupled sensing RHS (from the feed input to the unit dipole response) is defined as follows: , making .

[0054] Optionally, define a mutually coupled feedback inverse operator: ,but .

[0055] Step S109: Decomposition of mutual coupling mechanism (near-field coupling + guided wave / surface wave coupling) To reflect different mutual coupling mechanisms, the mutual coupling matrix is ​​decomposed into: ; in This indicates near-field coupling in free space (or a homogeneous medium). This indicates guided / surface wave-mediated coupling propagating along the structure.

[0056] Step S110: Specific calculation of the free space near-field mutual coupling matrix ( ) For any element pair ,definition: , It is the distance between two units. It is a unit direction vector. .

[0057] Sub-band center frequency The corresponding wave number is: ; It is the dielectric constant of the medium. It is the magnetic permeability of the medium; In free space: Where c0 represents the speed of light; Unit magnetic dipole (orientation) )exist The Green's function of the magnetic field generated at that location can be written as: ; It is the imaginary unit. ; Projecting the magnetic field onto the dipole orientation yields the scalarized near-field coupling coefficient, which is then constructed as follows: and set .

[0058] (Optional) Define near-field coupling strength statistics: ; Where N represents the number of cells in the RHS.

[0059] Step S111: Specific construction of the surface wave / guided wave mutual coupling matrix ( ) Constructing guided wave / surface wave mutual coupling terms using a parameterized propagation model: ; in This represents the equivalent propagation distance along the feeding direction. For example, for a spacing of... For a uniform linear array, the following can be taken: , and These represent the forward and reverse coupling strengths, respectively. Represents the propagation attenuation constant. Represents the propagation phase constant. It is the imaginary unit. ; (Optional) Define the waveguide coupling strength statistics: .

[0060] Step S112: Output and Application After completing the above steps, for each sub-band The mutual coupling matrix is ​​obtained. Coupling-sensing equivalent mapping matrix Given feed input Unit dipole response at time .

[0061] The above outputs can be directly used as the basic inputs for subsequent broadband RHS beamforming, equivalent channel construction, and multi-user precoding / interference suppression optimization. First, the model is used to obtain the true equivalent response of each RHS unit under mutual coupling, rather than the ideal independent unit response. Then, during broadband beamforming, these true responses are used to design the radiation direction and beam shape on different subbands, avoiding main lobe shift, sidelobe increase, or beam gain decrease due to neglecting mutual coupling. When constructing the equivalent channel, the RHS coupling response is combined with the user propagation path to obtain an end-to-end channel description closer to the actual hardware. During multi-user precoding, the base station can allocate feed signals based on this coupled sensing channel, enhancing the signal in the desired user direction while reducing leakage in other user directions. In interference suppression optimization, the model can be used to determine how mutual coupling changes the spatial isolation capability between different users, and accordingly, the RHS pattern and digital precoder can be jointly adjusted to improve the overall system rate, reduce multi-user interference, and enhance the stability of broadband transmission while ensuring RHS excitation power and feed power constraints.

[0062] The simulation parameters for this embodiment are set as follows: Dipole orientation The dielectric parameter is taken as having a permeability of The dielectric constant is The speed of electromagnetic wave propagation is The feed spacing is 10.70 mm; the equivalent dipole orientation is... The waveguide coupling strength is set to 0.02, the waveguide attenuation coefficient to 0.15, and the waveguide phase factor to 1.0.

[0063] Example 2 Mutual coupling model parameter fitting This embodiment provides a method for determining the parameters of a parameterized propagation model using full-wave electromagnetic simulation data. This method is used to construct the surface wave / guided wave mediated mutual coupling part in the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling matrix, and synthesize the total mutual coupling matrix with the near-field free space mutual coupling part.

[0064] Step S201: Simulation Structure Establishment: A parallel plate waveguide (PPW) is used as the reference wave propagation structure. Five "conducting state" radiating apertures are etched on the upper conductive plate as the equivalent radiation structure of the RHS unit. Each aperture is an air gap of 0.5 mm × 1.2 mm, arranged along the array axis at a pitch of 2.0 mm. The thickness of the upper and lower conductive plates is 0.25 mm, the plate spacing is 2.0 mm, and the metal adopts a material approximation model based on conductivity.

[0065] Step S202: Full-wave simulation setup: A three-dimensional full-wave simulation is performed using Meep, with a length unit of 1 mm. The simulation computation domain is 30 mm × 18 mm × 22.5 mm³, and a 2 mm thick PML is set on each of the six boundaries. A narrowband Gaussian source is used for excitation, with a center frequency of 27.1 GHz and a fractional bandwidth of 0.03 times the center frequency. A z-axis electric dipole source (Ez source) is placed on the waveguide mid-plane (0,0,0) to form a traveling wave reference excitation within the waveguide. The spatial resolution is 25 pixels / mm, and subpixel averaging is enabled to reduce metal-air boundary errors.

[0066] Step S203: Subbanding and Data Extraction: Divide the target broadband into multiple subbands and run simulations or perform frequency sampling at the center frequency of each subband; Preset observation points near each radiation aperture (e.g., near the center of the aperture or at a fixed height above the aperture), extract the complex field response (amplitude and phase) of the observation point, and form a response dataset of "unit index - frequency subband".

[0067] Step S204: Parameter Fitting and Calibration: A parametric propagation model is used to characterize the surface wave / guided wave mediated mutual coupling. Parameters include at least coupling strength, propagation attenuation, and propagation phase. If directional asymmetry is considered, forward and reverse coupling strength parameters are set simultaneously. Using the full-wave response data obtained in step S203 as the fitting target, the above parameters are adjusted to minimize the error between the element response predicted by the guided wave mutual coupling matrix generated by the parametric model and the full-wave response, thereby obtaining the parametric propagation model parameters corresponding to each sub-band.

[0068] Step S205: Output and Application: Combine the calibrated guided wave / surface wave mutual coupling matrix with the near-field mutual coupling matrix to form the total mutual coupling matrix, and substitute it into the coupling consistency solution process to obtain the equivalent mapping operator from the feed input to the unit equivalent dipole response under each subband, which can be used for subsequent broadband beamforming or equivalent channel calculation.

[0069] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model application method.

[0070] In one embodiment, an electronic device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model application method.

[0071] Those skilled in the art will understand that, besides implementing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by this invention in the form of purely computer-readable program code, the same functions can be achieved entirely through logical programming of the method steps, making the system and its various devices, modules, and units of this invention function in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by this invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for implementing various functions can also be considered as structures within the hardware component; alternatively, the devices, modules, and units for implementing various functions can be considered as both software modules implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0072] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A method for applying a reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Divide the broadband frequency band into multiple sub-bands, obtain the position parameters of each radiating unit and each feed source in the reconfigurable holographic metasurface, and convert each radiating unit into a magnetic dipole with a fixed orientation; Step S2: Construct the reference wave excitation matrix and mutual coupling matrix based on the radiation element and the feed source respectively, and establish the consistency solution relationship of the equivalent dipole response of the element based on the induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback mechanism; Step S3: Solve the consistency solution relationship on each sub-band to obtain the equivalent mapping operator from the feed input to the equivalent dipole response of the radiation element, and construct a mutually coupled consistent electromagnetic response model; Step S4: Use the mutually coupled consistent electromagnetic response model as the basic input for subsequent beamforming, equivalent channel construction and multi-user optimization.

2. The application method of the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes the following sub-steps: Step S1.1: Divide the system's broadband frequency band into multiple sub-bands that are processed independently, and determine the corresponding center frequency for each sub-band; Step S1.2: Obtain the position parameters of each radiating element, the position parameters of each feed source, and the geometric relationship between the feed source and the radiating element in the reconfigurable holographic metasurface; Step S1.3: Equivalently represent each subwavelength radiating element as a magnetic dipole with a fixed orientation, and express the equivalent dipole response of each radiating element in each subband in vector form.

3. The application method of the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes the following sub-steps: Step S2.1: Construct the reference wave excitation matrix generated by the feed on the metasurface, so that it characterizes the reference excitation relationship of different feeds to different radiation elements in each subband; Step S2.2: Construct a mutual coupling matrix representing the mutual coupling relationship between radiating elements, and incorporate its self-coupling terms into the modulation parameters or polarizability parameters of the radiating elements for processing; Step S2.3: Based on the induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback mechanism, establish a consistent solution relationship between the equivalent dipole response of the radiating element and the reference wave excitation and mutual coupling feedback, and solve for the equivalent dipole response of the radiating element on each sub-band.

4. The application method of the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mutual coupling matrix is ​​at least decomposed into a near-field mutual coupling part formed by propagation through free space or an equivalent homogeneous medium, and a surface wave or guided wave mediated mutual coupling part propagating along the structure.

5. The method for applying the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model according to claim 4, characterized in that, The near-field mutual coupling portion formed by propagation in free space or an equivalent homogeneous medium is calculated using the Green's function field expression of the magnetic dipole, and the near-field mutual coupling portion explicitly reflects the influence of the spatial spacing between radiating units, medium parameters, and sub-band center frequency on the mutual coupling strength and phase.

6. The method for applying the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surface wave or guided wave-mediated mutual coupling propagating along the structure is described by a parameterized propagation model. The parameterized propagation model includes coupling strength parameters, propagation attenuation parameters, and propagation phase parameters, and can characterize the energy attenuation and phase accumulation along the propagation path between different radiating elements.

7. The method for applying the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model according to claim 3, characterized in that, The modulation parameters of the radiation unit include amplitude modulation components and phase modulation components, and in amplitude holographic working mode, the phase modulation component is set to a fixed value.

8. A reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model application system, characterized in that, include: The subband division module is used to divide the broadband frequency band into multiple subbands and determine the center frequency of each subband; The geometric parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the location of the radiating element, the location of the feed source, and the geometric relationship between the two; The reference wave construction module is used to construct a reference wave excitation matrix that characterizes the reference excitation relationship from the feed source to the radiating element. The mutual coupling matrix generation module is used to construct a mutual coupling matrix representing the mutual coupling relationship between radiating elements and decompose it into a near-field mutual coupling part and a surface wave or guided wave mutual coupling part. The consistency solution module establishes a consistency solution relationship based on the induced dipole superposition and mutual coupling feedback mechanism. It solves the equivalent mapping operator from the feed input to the equivalent dipole response of the radiation element on each sub-band, and outputs it as the mutual coupling consistent electromagnetic response model.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method for applying the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method for applying the reconfigurable holographic metasurface mutual coupling model as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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