Physical cell identifier deployment method and device

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular to a physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment method and apparatus. The PCI deployment method includes: deploying cell identifiers on at least one orbit of a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method based on satellite constellation characteristics to obtain physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information; and sending a broadcast message to a set of terminals corresponding to each satellite of the LEO satellite constellation, wherein the broadcast message includes the PCI deployment information corresponding to each satellite, and the set of terminals includes at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​each satellite. This disclosure can provide a PCI networking scheme, allowing terminals to select satellite cells with higher service time and / or stability, improving the accuracy of satellite cell selection and enhancing network service continuity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for deploying physical cell identifiers. Background Technology

[0002] In communication systems, low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, orbiting at altitudes below 1000 kilometers, are closer to Earth than geostationary satellites, enabling higher resolution and faster data transmission speeds. LEO satellites orbit the Earth at approximately 7 kilometers per second. To provide continuous satellite communication services, operators need to construct a constellation system of tens of thousands of satellites, creating dynamic satellite beam coverage on the ground to provide users with uninterrupted, always-available internet access. However, when a terminal is located in an area where two or more satellites overlap in coverage, determining the appropriate satellite cell selection becomes a critical issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a physical cell identifier deployment method and apparatus, enabling terminals to select satellite cells with higher service times and / or greater stability, thereby improving the accuracy of satellite cell selection and enhancing the continuity of network services.

[0004] The technical solution disclosed herein is as follows:

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a physical cell identifier deployment method is provided, applied to a network device, comprising:

[0006] Based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation, a cyclic shift method is used to deploy cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation to obtain physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information.

[0007] A broadcast message is sent to the terminal set corresponding to each satellite of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation, wherein the broadcast message includes the physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information corresponding to each satellite, and the terminal set includes at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​each satellite.

[0008] According to some embodiments, the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs on the same track, and obtaining the PCI deployment information includes:

[0009] The physical cell IDs of satellites in the same orbit within the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation are deployed in ascending order of satellite orbit direction or descending order of satellite orbit direction. The deployment information of the Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs) for the same orbit is obtained.

[0010] In a single-layer constellation of a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation, the minimum physical cell identifier (PCI) and the maximum physical cell identifier (PCI) are the same across all orbits.

[0011] According to some embodiments, the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes the deployment information of Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs) on adjacent orbits, and obtaining the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes:

[0012] Based on the fact that each orbit in the current constellation of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation uses the same Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information, and there is a PCI offset value between adjacent orbits, the physical cells of the satellites on the adjacent orbits are deployed, and the deployment information of the PCI of the adjacent orbits is obtained.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation includes a multi-layer constellation, and the acquisition of Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes:

[0014] The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) sets corresponding to each constellation layer in the multi-layer constellation, the deployment information of the PCIs on the same orbit, and the deployment information of the PCIs on adjacent orbits are used to deploy the PCIs of each constellation layer and obtain the PCI deployment information.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a physical cell identifier deployment method is provided, applied to a terminal, comprising:

[0016] When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells, and the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a set of candidate satellite cells is obtained, wherein the set of candidate cells includes at least one satellite cell among multiple satellite cells whose communication quality meets the communication requirements;

[0017] Based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set, a target satellite cell is selected from the at least one satellite cell. The target satellite cell is the satellite cell for which the terminal accesses the network. The PCI deployment information is obtained by the network device through cyclic shifting of cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation according to the characteristics of the satellite constellation.

[0018] According to some embodiments, selecting a target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by a broadcast message sent by a network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set includes:

[0019] When the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal PSS or the secondary synchronization signal SSS, the frequency offset (FO) of each satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set is obtained;

[0020] If the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is less than or equal to the first frequency offset threshold, the target satellite cell is selected from the at least one satellite cell based on the physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set.

[0021] According to some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0022] If the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is greater than or equal to the second frequency offset threshold, the relative displacement information between each satellite and the terminal is obtained based on the frequency offset FO of each satellite, wherein the second frequency offset threshold is greater than or equal to the first frequency offset threshold.

[0023] Based on the relative displacement information, the target satellite cell is selected from the at least one satellite cell.

[0024] According to some embodiments, selecting a target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by a broadcast message sent by a network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set includes:

[0025] When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of satellite cells in the same orbit, based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set, the cell with the smaller PCI is selected as the target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell. The PCI deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs in the same orbit, and the deployment information of PCIs in the same orbit is obtained by deploying the physical cell IDs of satellites in the same orbit in the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation in ascending order of satellite operating direction.

[0026] According to some embodiments, selecting a target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by a broadcast message sent by a network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set includes:

[0027] When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of satellite cells in the same orbit, and the satellite cell identifiers in the same orbit are the minimum physical cell identifier (PCI) and the maximum physical cell identifier (PCI), the cell with the maximum physical cell identifier (PCI) is selected as the target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell based on the PCI deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set.

[0028] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a physical cell identifier deployment apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0029] The processing unit is used to deploy cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method, based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation, and to obtain physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information.

[0030] A transmitting unit is configured to transmit a broadcast message to the terminal set corresponding to each satellite of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation, wherein the broadcast message includes physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information corresponding to each satellite, and the terminal set includes at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​each satellite.

[0031] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a physical cell identifier deployment apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0032] The processing unit is configured to obtain a set of candidate satellite cells when the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells and the terminal performs blind detection of primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS), wherein the set of candidate cells includes at least one satellite cell among multiple satellite cells whose communication quality meets the communication requirements;

[0033] The processing unit is further configured to select a target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set. The target satellite cell is the satellite cell that the terminal accesses. The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information is information obtained by the network device by deploying cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method according to the characteristics of the satellite constellation.

[0034] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a network device is provided, comprising:

[0035] processor;

[0036] Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions;

[0037] The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the physical cell identifier deployment method described in any one of the preceding aspects.

[0038] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a terminal is provided, comprising:

[0039] processor;

[0040] Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions;

[0041] The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the physical cell identifier deployment method described in any one of the preceding aspects.

[0042] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided that, when instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor of a terminal, enables the terminal to perform the physical cell identifier deployment method described in any of the preceding aspects.

[0043] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of the preceding aspects.

[0044] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0045] In some or related embodiments, cell identifiers are deployed on at least one orbit of a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation to obtain Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information. Broadcast messages are then sent to the terminal set corresponding to each satellite in the low-Earth orbit constellation. The broadcast messages include the PCI deployment information for each satellite, and the terminal set includes at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​each satellite. Therefore, a PCI networking scheme can be provided that uses a cyclic shift method to deploy cell identifiers based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation. This satisfies PCI planning to avoid PCI collisions and allows for cell selection using PCI deployment information without requiring terminals to use FO and TA information. This selects satellite cells with higher service time and / or stability, without increasing the overall initial access latency, reducing access time, improving access efficiency, and reducing system resource pressure by eliminating the need for frequent random access attempts. This, in turn, improves the accuracy of satellite cell selection and enhances the continuity of network services.

[0046] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0047] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure, and are not intended to unduly limit this disclosure.

[0048] Figure 1 This is an example schematic diagram of a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a top view illustrating the coverage area of ​​two satellites in the same orbit and two satellites in adjacent orbits, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a physical cell identifier deployment method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0051] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates an example of the arrangement of physical cell identifiers along the same orbit, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0052] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates an example of the arrangement of physical cell identifiers along the same orbit, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0053] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a physical cell identifier deployment method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a physical cell identifier deployment method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a block diagram illustrating a physical cell identifier deployment device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0056] Figure 9 This is a block diagram illustrating a physical cell identifier deployment device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0057] Figure 10 This is a block diagram illustrating a network device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0058] Figure 11 This is a block diagram illustrating a terminal according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] This disclosure provides a method and apparatus for deploying physical cell identifiers. In some embodiments, the terms "physical cell identifier deployment method" and "information processing method" and "communication method" can be used interchangeably; the terms "physical cell identifier deployment apparatus" and "information processing apparatus" and "communication apparatus" can be used interchangeably; and the terms "information processing system" and "communication system" can be used interchangeably.

[0061] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0062] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0063] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0064] In this embodiment of the disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "this," etc., can mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc. For example, when using articles such as "a," "an," "the," etc. in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0065] In the embodiments of this disclosure, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0066] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0067] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0068] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0069] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0070] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0071] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0072] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0073] In some embodiments, the apparatus and device may be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. In some cases, they may also be understood as "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "chip", "chip system", "entity", "body", etc.

[0074] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in the network, such as access network devices, core network devices, etc.

[0075] In some embodiments, "access network device (AN device)" may also be referred to as "radio access network device (RAN device)," "base station (BS)," "radio base station," or "fixed station." In some embodiments, it may also be understood as "node," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "antenna panel," "antenna array," "cell," "macro cell," "small cell," "femto cell," "pico cell," "sector," "cellgroup," "serving cell," "carrier," "component carrier," or "bandwidth part (BWP)," etc.

[0076] In some embodiments, "terminal" or "terminal device" may be referred to as "user equipment (UE)," "user terminal," "mobile station (MS)," "mobile terminal (MT)," "subscriber station," "mobile unit," "subscriber unit," "wireless unit," "remote unit," "mobile device," "wireless device," "wireless communication device," "remote device," "mobile subscriber station," "access terminal," "mobile terminal," "wireless terminal," "remote terminal," "handset," "user agent," "mobile client," "client," etc.

[0077] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0078] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0079] In some embodiments, Figure 1 This is an example schematic diagram of a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, if the aforementioned continuously covered constellation is defined as having M orbits, each orbit consisting of N satellites, and each satellite providing communication services to one cell, then... Figure 1As shown, when a user equipment (UE) is located in an area covered by overlapping satellites, the UE can receive synchronization signals and broadcast messages from the two or more satellites. In some embodiments, the UE's cell selection scheme mainly falls into two categories:

[0080] In the first type, the UE relies on the signal quality of the synchronization signal PSS / SSS (such as Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP) and Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SNR)) and makes a selection based on signal strength. In this case, the UE only needs to receive multiple available synchronization signaling blocks (SSBs) to make a selection.

[0081] The second type involves the UE selecting a cell to camp on based on data such as the signal quality and transmission delay of the synchronization signal PSS / SS (obtained from ephemeris information and UE location information). The goal is to select a satellite with stronger signal quality, closer proximity, or that is approaching the terminal to initiate access. The UE estimates the transmission delay by broadcasting ephemeris information from the Service Information Block (SIB) 19. That is, it needs to wait for SIB 19 messages from multiple cells before making a selection, which increases access delay.

[0082] According to some embodiments, Figure 2 This is a top view illustrating the coverage area of ​​two satellites in the same orbit and two satellites in adjacent orbits according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 2 As shown, when the UE is located at the edge of the satellite cell, there are several situations, such as... Figure 2 As shown:

[0083] UE Location Type 1: Only one satellite's signal can cover the UE, meaning the UE is located in the center of the cell, such as... Figure 2 UE1;

[0084] UE Location Type 2: The UE is located in the overlapping coverage area of ​​adjacent satellites in the same orbit. In this case, the UE can receive signals from two satellites in the same orbit, such as... Figure 2 UE2;

[0085] UE Location Type 3: The UE is located in the overlapping coverage area of ​​adjacent satellites in adjacent orbits. In this case, the UE can receive signals from two satellites in adjacent orbits, such as... Figure 2 UE3;

[0086] UE Location Type 4: The UE is located in the overlapping coverage area of ​​the same orbit and adjacent orbits. In this case, the UE can receive signals from more than two satellites, such as... Figure 2 UE4.

[0087] In some implementations, for UE location type 1, only one satellite serves it, and access can be directly selected from that satellite. However, when the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells, the selection is made directly based on the satellite signal information. If the network selection is incorrect, i.e., the terminal selects to camp on the cell it is about to leave, the terminal needs to reselect and handover the cell within a very short time. Due to latency and time domain resource limitations, the handover latency increases, and inaccurate cell selection and frequent random access requests from the terminal put significant pressure on system resources.

[0088] In some implementations, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) standard does not explicitly specify whether timing advance (TA) and frequency offset (FO) pre-compensation are performed at the terminal side or the base station side. If a satellite internet system using the NTN standard performs TA and FO compensation at the base station side, or if some satellite internet systems using proprietary standards (such as Starlink), the onboard base station may perform delay and frequency offset pre-compensation at the base station side based on ephemeris information and the position information of the wavelet center point. In this way, the signal arriving at the UE will only have a small Doppler frequency offset, and the residual frequency offset can no longer represent the relative motion direction between the satellite and the terminal.

[0089] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a physical cell identifier deployment method according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 3 As shown, this physical cell identifier deployment method can be used in scenarios where terminals select cells, and includes the following steps:

[0090] In step S11, based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation, cell identifiers are deployed on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method to obtain physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information.

[0091] According to some embodiments, the implementing entity of this disclosure may be, for example, a network device, specifically, the device where the ground user control center is located.

[0092] In some embodiments, satellite constellation characteristics can be used to indicate the characteristics of a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation, and these characteristics can be used, for example, for the deployment of Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs). These satellite constellation characteristics may include, for example, frequency band information, number of constellation layers, constellation altitude, and constellation configuration.

[0093] In some embodiments, the cyclic shift method can be used, for example, to indicate the method of deploying cell identifiers for each track. Specifically, it can be a method of using the same PCI set and offset value to identify cells for each track.

[0094] In some embodiments, Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information is used to indicate information obtained by network devices deploying cell identifiers on at least one orbit of a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method, under the premise of satisfying the conventional physical cell ID planning strategy. This PCI deployment information does not specifically refer to a particular fixed deployment. For example, when the deployment method corresponding to the PCI deployment information changes, the PCI deployment information can also change accordingly.

[0095] According to some embodiments, for a single-layer constellation, cell identifiers can be deployed on at least one orbit of a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation, thereby obtaining physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information.

[0096] According to some embodiments, the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs on the same track. Obtaining the PCI deployment information includes:

[0097] The physical cell IDs of satellites in the same orbit within the low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation are deployed in ascending order of satellite orbit direction or descending order of satellite orbit direction. The deployment information of the physical cell identifier (PCI) for the same orbit is obtained. The minimum and maximum physical cell identifiers (PCIs) are the same for all orbits in a single layer of the LEO satellite constellation.

[0098] in, Figure 4 This diagram illustrates an example of the arrangement of Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs) in the same orbit according to an embodiment of this disclosure. The continuously covering low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation consists of M orbits, each with N satellites. The PCIs of the satellites in the m-th orbit are arranged from smallest to largest according to the satellite's direction of travel. satisfy and Where 0 ≤ m ≤ M-1, 1 ≤ n ≤ N-2, m is the orbit index, and n is the satellite index on an orbit. IDmin For the minimum PCI on each track, ID max The maximum PCI is defined for each track. The minimum and maximum PCI are the same for all tracks. The maximum and minimum PCI appear as a group of bound PCIs, which is denoted as the "connection point" of the physical cell identifier PCI in a track.

[0099] In this context, the Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs) of adjacent satellites in the same orbit satisfy the 5G PCI planning strategy, which can avoid PCI conflicts and interference between neighboring cells in the same orbit for reference signals. The 5G PCI planning strategy may include, for example:

[0100] 1. Avoid PCI Conflicts: In network planning, adjacent cells cannot be assigned the same PCI. If adjacent cells are assigned the same PCI, a terminal in an overlapping coverage area can only detect and synchronize with one of the cells during the initial cell search process. This phenomenon is called a collision (the terminal believes there is only one cell). PCI conflicts can lead to DL synchronization delays in overlapping areas; high BLER and physical channel decoding failures using PCI scrambling; and handover failures. Therefore, physical isolation between cells using the same PCI must ensure that the UE does not receive the same PCI from multiple neighboring cells.

[0101] 2. Reduce the impact of PCI deployment on performance analysis: Based on the design of different physical layer signals (PSS, DMRS, and SRS), channels (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), and time-frequency allocation, PCI planning must consider the following modulo operation to reduce interference. According to this planning principle, the UE should not simultaneously receive multiple PCI modes in the following ways:

[0102] PCI mod 3: This rule is based on the relationship between the PCI and the sequence generated by the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS). Three PSSs (0, 1, 2) are reused throughout the network. Cells with the same "PCI mod 3" result will use the same PSS. If the UE receives the same PSS from multiple cells, it will lead to cell dwell time delays and channel estimation errors. In short, it affects synchronization delay and user experience.

[0103] PCI mod 4: Determines the subcarrier positions based on the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS). The PCI mod 4 calculation result is used to assign subcarriers to the PBCH DMRS. If neighboring cells use the same PCI mod 4 value, interference will occur between the PBCH DMRS of the neighboring cells.

[0104] PCI mod 30: The DMRS of PUCCH / PUSCH and Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) is based on the Zadoff-Chu sequence (ZC sequence), which has 30 root sequences. The root sequences are associated with the PCI, so adjacent cells should not have the same "PCI mod 30" value to avoid uplink inter-cell interference.

[0105] According to some embodiments, for a single-layer constellation, the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs on adjacent orbits. Obtaining the PCI deployment information includes:

[0106] Based on the fact that each orbit in the current constellation of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation uses the same Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information, and that there is a PCI offset value between adjacent orbits, the physical cells of the satellites in the adjacent orbits are deployed to obtain the deployment information of the PCI of the adjacent orbits.

[0107] According to some embodiments, the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation includes a multi-layer constellation, and the acquisition of Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes:

[0108] The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) set corresponding to each constellation layer in the multi-layer constellation, the deployment information of the PCI on the same orbit, and the deployment information of the PCI on adjacent orbits are used to deploy the PCI of each constellation layer and obtain the PCI deployment information.

[0109] in, Figure 5 This diagram illustrates an example of the arrangement of physical cell identifiers along the same orbit, according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 6 As shown, the satellite arrangement is the same across orbits. The arrangement strategy for Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs) on adjacent orbits is as follows:

[0110] Each track uses the same Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) layout;

[0111] However, there is an offset between adjacent tracks to avoid adjacent cells on adjacent tracks (e.g.) Figure 2 PCI conflict between medium-sized cells 1 and 3.

[0112] According to some embodiments, the physical cell identifier ID offset between adjacent orbits is defined as Δ shift That is, the PCI of the (m+1)th track can be, for example, as shown in formula (1):

[0113]

[0114] Wherein, circsnift is the cyclic shift, and the value of Δ1 should be chosen to avoid PCI conflicts between adjacent cells on adjacent tracks and interference between adjacent cells on adjacent tracks and reference signals.

[0115] According to some implementations, with 7 satellites in a single orbit, the cell ID offset Δ between adjacent orbits shift Taking 5 as an example, if the PCI arrangement of track m-1 is [0,1,2,3,...], then the PCI arrangement of track m is [5,6,7,8,9,10,...], as shown in Table 1. The offset between track m+1 and track m can be different from or the same as the offset between track m-1 and track m; this disclosure does not limit this. For simplicity, the embodiments in Table 1 use the same offset value of 5.

[0116] Table 1

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] According to some embodiments, low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations comprise multiple constellations, with different frequency bands used between constellations at different orbital altitudes to avoid inter-constellation interference. When arranging Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs), different PCI sets can be used at different orbital altitudes, employing the aforementioned single-layer constellation PCI deployment method to complete the PCI deployment for the entire large LEO constellation network.

[0120] In step S12, a broadcast message is sent to the terminal set corresponding to each satellite of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation. The broadcast message includes the physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information corresponding to each satellite, and the terminal set includes at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​each satellite.

[0121] According to some embodiments, the terminal set may be, for example, a set corresponding to a satellite, including at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​a satellite, that is, including at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​a satellite cell corresponding to the satellite. This terminal set does not specifically refer to a fixed set. For example, when the number of terminals included in the terminal set changes, the terminal set may also change accordingly. For example, when the identifier of a terminal in the terminal set changes, the terminal set may also change accordingly.

[0122] In some embodiments, the network device can send broadcast messages to the set of terminals corresponding to each satellite in a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation. The broadcast messages include Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information for each satellite. When a terminal receives the broadcast message, it can select a cell based on the PCI deployment information for each satellite. This cell selection includes initial access cell selection, cell reselection, or cell handover.

[0123] In some or related embodiments, cell identifiers are deployed on at least one orbit of a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation to obtain Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information. Broadcast messages are then sent to the terminal set corresponding to each satellite in the LEO satellite constellation. The broadcast messages include the PCI deployment information for each satellite, and the terminal set includes at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​each satellite. Therefore, a PCI networking scheme can be provided that uses a cyclic shift method to deploy cell identifiers based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation. This satisfies PCI planning to avoid PCI collisions and allows for cell selection using the PCI deployment information without requiring terminals to use FO and TA information. This selects satellite cells with higher service time and / or stability, without increasing the overall initial access latency, reducing access time, improving access efficiency, and reducing system resource pressure by eliminating the need for frequent random access attempts. This, in turn, improves the accuracy of satellite cell selection and enhances the continuity of network services.

[0124] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a physical cell identifier deployment method according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 6 As shown, this physical cell identifier deployment method can be used in scenarios where terminals select cells, and includes the following steps:

[0125] In step S21, when the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells and the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a set of candidate satellite cells is obtained, wherein the set of candidate cells includes at least one satellite cell among multiple satellite cells whose communication quality meets the communication requirements.

[0126] According to some embodiments, the entity executing the embodiments of this disclosure may be, for example, a terminal. This terminal may be, for example, a terminal that needs to perform cell selection.

[0127] In some embodiments, the overlapping coverage area of ​​multiple satellite cells can refer to an area where multiple satellite cells overlap. These multiple satellite cells do not specifically refer to any one fixed cell. For example, when the physical cell identifier of a cell changes, the multiple satellite cells may also change accordingly, and the overlapping coverage area of ​​the multiple cells may also change accordingly. For example, when the terminal location changes, the overlapping coverage area of ​​the multiple cells may also change accordingly.

[0128] In some embodiments, the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or the secondary synchronization signal (SSS). For example, the terminal may perform blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or the secondary synchronization signal (SSS).

[0129] According to some embodiments, the candidate satellite cell set may be, for example, a collection of at least one candidate satellite cell. This candidate satellite cell set does not specifically refer to a fixed set. For example, when the number of candidate satellite cells corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set changes, the candidate satellite cell set may also change accordingly. For example, when a candidate satellite cell in the candidate satellite cell set changes, that candidate satellite cell may also change accordingly. For example, when the information requirements corresponding to the communication information change, the candidate satellite cell may also change accordingly.

[0130] In some embodiments, communication quality can be used to indicate information that can be used to measure communication quality. This communication quality does not specifically refer to any particular piece of information. Quality requirements are requirements corresponding to communication quality. This communication quality includes, but is not limited to, RSRP and SNR.

[0131] According to some embodiments, when the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells and the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a set of candidate satellite cells is obtained. The set of candidate cells includes at least one satellite cell among multiple satellite cells whose communication quality meets the communication requirements.

[0132] In step S22, based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set, a target satellite cell is selected from at least one satellite cell. The target satellite cell is the satellite cell for which the terminal accesses the network. The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information is obtained by the network device through cyclic shifting to deploy cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation according to the characteristics of the satellite constellation.

[0133] According to some embodiments, the direction of travel can be used, for example, to indicate the direction of travel of a satellite, wherein one satellite can, for example, correspond to one satellite cell.

[0134] In some embodiments, Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information is used to indicate information obtained by network devices deploying cell identifiers on at least one orbit of a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method, under the premise of satisfying the conventional physical cell ID planning strategy. This PCI deployment information does not specifically refer to a particular fixed deployment. For example, when the deployment method corresponding to the PCI deployment information changes, the PCI deployment information can also change accordingly.

[0135] In some embodiments, the target satellite cell is the satellite cell through which the terminal accesses the network; that is, the satellite cell selected by the terminal from multiple satellite cells that overlap with the terminal's coverage. This target satellite cell does not specifically refer to a single, fixed cell. For example, when the PCI corresponding to the target satellite cell changes, the target satellite cell may also change accordingly. Similarly, when the method of selecting the satellite cell changes, the target satellite cell may also change accordingly.

[0136] In some embodiments, satellite constellation characteristics can be used to indicate the characteristics of a low Earth orbit (LEO) constellation network, such as the number of constellation layers, different orbital altitudes, etc.

[0137] According to some embodiments, the cyclic shifting method can be used, for example, to indicate the method used for deploying cell identifiers for at least one orbit of a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation.

[0138] In some embodiments, a target satellite cell is selected from at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by a broadcast message sent by a network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to a candidate satellite cell set.

[0139] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the cell selection may be, for example, the cell selection during initial access, the cell selection during cell reselection, or the cell selection during cell handover. This embodiment of the disclosure does not limit the specific cell selection process.

[0140] In some or related embodiments, a candidate satellite cell set is obtained by having the terminal located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells and performing blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The candidate cell set includes at least one satellite cell whose communication quality meets the communication requirements. Based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set, a target satellite cell is selected from at least one satellite cell. The target satellite cell is the satellite cell that the terminal will access. The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information is obtained by the network device deploying cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method according to the characteristics of the satellite constellation. Therefore, when a terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells, it can select a satellite cell with higher service time and / or stability based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information. This reduces the risk of incorrect network access due to improper satellite cell selection. In other words, when selecting a cell to camp on before leaving the terminal, cell reselection or cell handover operations may be required in a short period of time. This can be achieved without increasing the overall initial access latency and without relying on the acquisition of ephemeris information, thereby reducing access time, improving access efficiency, and reducing system resource pressure by eliminating the need for frequent random access.

[0141] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a physical cell identifier deployment method according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 7 As shown, this physical cell identifier deployment method can be used in scenarios where terminals select cells in low-Earth orbit satellite systems, and includes the following steps:

[0142] In step S31, when the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells and the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a set of candidate satellite cells is obtained, wherein the set of candidate cells includes at least one satellite cell among multiple satellite cells whose communication quality meets the communication requirements.

[0143] The specific process is as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] According to some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure do not require a specific network standard.

[0145] According to some embodiments, the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells; for example, the terminal may be located in an area with overlapping coverage of two satellite cells. The Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs) of the two satellite cells may be, for example, [missing information].

[0146] In some embodiments, when a terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS), it can acquire communication information from multiple satellite cells. This communication information may, for example, be the RSRP (Real-Side Response Point Reference). This information may require, for example, adding satellite cells with RSRP values ​​greater than an RSRP threshold to a candidate satellite cell set. This candidate satellite cell set may, for example, include cells with a Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) of... The satellite cell and physical cell identifier PCI is Satellite cell.

[0147] According to some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, terminal UE2 can receive synchronization signals from two satellite cells, Satellite 1 and Satellite 2. Terminal UE2 can obtain the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) of multiple cells through blind search during initial access. Cells with RSRP greater than the RSRP threshold are used to form a candidate cell list.

[0148] In some embodiments, the terminal can directly select a cell based on the acquired RSRP. However, in low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems, due to the high-speed movement of satellites, cell selection can be based on the service duration of the satellite cell for the terminal.

[0149] In step S32, the frequency offset FO of each satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set is obtained;

[0150] According to some embodiments, frequency offset FO can be used to indicate, for example, the shift in frequency of a signal relative to its original frequency during transmission. This frequency offset FO does not specifically refer to a fixed offset value. For example, when the satellite cell changes, the frequency offset FO corresponding to that satellite cell may also change accordingly. For example, when the specific value corresponding to the frequency offset FO changes, the frequency offset FO may also change accordingly.

[0151] In some embodiments, obtaining the frequency offset FO of each satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set can be, for example, by calculating the frequency offset FO of each satellite in the candidate satellite cell set. For instance, when the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS), the frequency offset FO of each satellite can be calculated.

[0152] In some embodiments, the terminal can determine the relative displacement information between the satellite cell and the terminal based on the sign of the frequency offset FO of each satellite. This relative displacement information can include, for example, whether the satellite is moving towards or away from the terminal; specifically, FO can be positive when the satellite is moving towards the terminal and negative when it is moving away. Therefore, base station selection can be based on the sign of the frequency offset FO, thereby increasing the terminal's dwell time.

[0153] In step S33, if the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is greater than or equal to the second frequency offset threshold, the relative displacement information between each satellite and the terminal is obtained based on the frequency offset FO of each satellite, wherein the second frequency offset threshold is greater than or equal to the first frequency offset threshold.

[0154] According to some embodiments, the second frequency offset threshold can be used, for example, as a threshold indicating whether cell selection is performed based on the frequency offset FO. This second frequency offset threshold is not specifically a fixed threshold. For example, the frequency offset threshold can also change accordingly when a modification instruction for the second frequency offset threshold is received.

[0155] In some embodiments, the relative displacement information between each satellite and the terminal is obtained based on the frequency offset FO of each satellite. For example, the relative displacement information between each satellite and the terminal can be obtained based on the sign of the frequency offset FO of each satellite. Specifically, FO is positive when the satellite is approaching the terminal and negative when the satellite is leaving the terminal, or vice versa. This disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0156] In step S34, a target satellite cell is selected from at least one satellite cell based on the relative displacement information;

[0157] In some embodiments, when relative displacement information is obtained, a target satellite cell can be selected from at least one satellite cell. For example, a satellite cell with longer service duration and higher stability can be selected.

[0158] According to some embodiments, for example, the satellite cell corresponding to the satellite heading towards the terminal can be selected from at least one satellite cell as the target satellite cell based on relative displacement information.

[0159] In step S35, if the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is less than or equal to the first frequency offset threshold, the target satellite cell is selected from at least one satellite cell based on the physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set.

[0160] The specific process is as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0161] According to some embodiments, when the frequency offset FO of each satellite is obtained, it can be determined whether the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is less than or equal to a first frequency offset threshold. If the absolute value of the frequency offset FO corresponding to the satellite cell is less than or equal to the first frequency offset threshold, a target satellite cell can be selected from at least one satellite cell based on the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set and the physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information.

[0162] Different Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information can, for example, allow the selection of different target satellite cells. Specifically, this could be achieved by determining whether a satellite is approaching or departing from the terminal based on the operating direction and PCI deployment information of at least one satellite cell in the candidate satellite cell set. The terminal, for example, can select the satellite cell corresponding to a satellite approaching the terminal as the target satellite cell.

[0163] The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs on the same orbit. The PCIs on the same orbit are deployed in ascending order of satellite orbit direction or descending order of satellite orbit direction. Furthermore, the minimum and maximum PCIs on all orbits in a single-layer constellation of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation are the same.

[0164] According to some embodiments, the deployment information of Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs) on the same track can, for example, refer to the arrangement of PCIs on the same track. The name of the deployment information is not limited; for example, it can also be called deployment method, arrangement method, arrangement information, etc.

[0165] According to some embodiments, selecting a target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by a broadcast message sent by a network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to a candidate satellite cell set includes:

[0166] When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of satellite cells in the same orbit, based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set, the cell with the smaller PCI is selected as the target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell set. The PCI deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs in the same orbit, arranged in ascending order of satellite operating direction. Therefore, the target satellite cell can be selected based on the PCI deployment information. When FO information is unavailable, the PCI arrangement can be used to help the terminal quickly select a cell with more persistent and stable service, improving the efficiency and accuracy of satellite cell selection.

[0167] According to some embodiments, selecting a target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by a broadcast message sent by a network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to a candidate satellite cell set includes:

[0168] When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of satellite cells on the same orbit, and the satellite cell identifiers on the same orbit are the minimum physical cell identifier (PCI) and the maximum physical cell identifier (PCI), the cell with the maximum physical cell identifier (PCI) is selected as the target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell based on the PCI deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set.

[0169] For example, based on broadcast messages, the maximum and minimum Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) of the same orbit can be obtained, or the cell with the largest PCI and the cell with the smallest PCI can be obtained from the satellite cell. Since the PCI adjustment cycle is generally relatively long (e.g., it only needs to be updated when the constellation configuration changes), the transmission and reception of the maximum and minimum PCI do not need to be changed very frequently, which can save terminal power consumption.

[0170] According to some embodiments, the deployment information of Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs) on the same orbit is deployed in ascending order according to the satellite's direction of travel, and the terminal can select a cell based on the PCI deployment information when making a cell selection. For example, this may include:

[0171] 1. When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of satellites on the same orbit, the terminal can select a satellite cell with a smaller Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) as the target satellite cell, that is, select the satellite cell that is heading towards the terminal as the target satellite cell.

[0172] 2. When the terminal is located in the cell and community When the satellite cell with the largest Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) and the satellite cell with the smallest PCI overlap in coverage of the area, the terminal should not select the cell with the smaller PCI. In this case, the satellite can broadcast the largest and smallest PCI in its orbit, or broadcast whether the terminal has the largest PCI and the smallest PCI in that orbit. and When overlapping coverage areas, selection should be based on broadcast information. The satellites are those with smaller PCI (Physical Cell Identifier) ​​rather than those with smaller PCIs. Furthermore, if the PCIs are relatively continuous, the terminal can determine the order and select the appropriate cell.

[0173] In one or more related embodiments, the frequency offset FO of each satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set can be obtained. When the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is greater than or equal to a second frequency offset threshold, the relative displacement information between each satellite and the terminal is obtained based on the frequency offset FO of each satellite, wherein the second frequency offset threshold is greater than or equal to a first frequency offset threshold. Based on the relative displacement information, a target satellite cell is selected from at least one satellite cell. Therefore, after the terminal detects the SSB of multiple satellite cells, FO information can be obtained. Satellite cell selection can be performed based on FO information when the absolute value of FO is greater than or equal to the second frequency offset value, without consuming additional resources. This allows selection of satellite cells with more persistent and stable service, improving the accuracy of satellite cell selection. Furthermore, when the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is less than or equal to the first frequency offset threshold, the target satellite cell is selected from at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set. Therefore, even when FO information is unavailable, the arrangement order of the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) can be used to assist the terminal in quickly selecting a cell with more persistent and stable service, improving the efficiency and accuracy of satellite cell selection.

[0174] Figure 8 This is a block diagram illustrating a physical cell identifier deployment device according to an exemplary embodiment. (Refer to...) Figure 8 The device 800 includes:

[0175] The processing unit 801 is used to deploy cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method according to the characteristics of the satellite constellation, and to obtain physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information.

[0176] The transmitting unit 802 is used to transmit broadcast messages to the terminal set corresponding to each satellite of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation. The broadcast message includes the physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information corresponding to each satellite, and the terminal set includes at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​each satellite.

[0177] According to some embodiments, where the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs on the same track, the processing unit 801, when obtaining the PCI deployment information, is specifically used for:

[0178] The physical cell IDs of satellites in the same orbit within the low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation are deployed in ascending order of satellite orbit direction or descending order of satellite orbit direction. The deployment information of the physical cell identifier (PCI) for the same orbit is obtained. The minimum and maximum physical cell identifiers (PCIs) are the same for all orbits in a single layer of the LEO satellite constellation.

[0179] According to some embodiments, the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs on adjacent tracks. The processing unit 801, when obtaining the PCI deployment information, specifically performs the following:

[0180] Based on the fact that each orbit in the current constellation of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation uses the same Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information, and that there is a PCI offset value between adjacent orbits, the physical cells of the satellites in the adjacent orbits are deployed to obtain the deployment information of the PCI of the adjacent orbits.

[0181] According to some embodiments, the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation includes a multi-layer constellation, and the processing unit 801, when obtaining Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information, is specifically used for:

[0182] The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) set corresponding to each constellation layer in the multi-layer constellation, the deployment information of the PCI on the same orbit, and the deployment information of the PCI on adjacent orbits are used to deploy the PCI of each constellation layer and obtain the PCI deployment information.

[0183] In some or related embodiments, the processing unit is used to deploy cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation, and to obtain Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information; the sending unit is used to send broadcast messages to the terminal set corresponding to each satellite of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation, wherein the broadcast message includes the PCI deployment information corresponding to each satellite, and the terminal set includes at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​each satellite. Therefore, a PCI networking scheme can be provided that can deploy cell identifiers using a cyclic shift method based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation, which can satisfy PCI planning to avoid PCI collisions, and can select cells using the PCI deployment information without the terminal using FO and TA information, selecting satellite cells with higher service time and / or stability, without increasing the overall initial access latency, reducing access time, improving access efficiency, reducing system resource pressure by eliminating the need for frequent random access initiation, and thus improving the accuracy of satellite cell selection and the continuity of network services.

[0184] Figure 9This is a block diagram illustrating a physical cell identifier deployment device according to an exemplary embodiment. (Refer to...) Figure 9 The device 900 includes:

[0185] The processing unit 901 is used to obtain a set of candidate satellite cells when the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells and the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The set of candidate cells includes at least one satellite cell among multiple satellite cells whose communication quality meets the communication requirements.

[0186] The processing unit 901 is further configured to select a target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set. The target satellite cell is the satellite cell for which the terminal will access the network. The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information is obtained by the network device through cyclic shifting of cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation according to the characteristics of the satellite constellation.

[0187] According to some embodiments, the processing unit 901, when selecting a target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell based on the operating direction and Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set, specifically performs the following:

[0188] When the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal PSS or the secondary synchronization signal SSS, the frequency offset FO of each satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set is obtained.

[0189] If the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is less than or equal to the first frequency offset threshold, the target satellite cell is selected from at least one satellite cell based on the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set and the physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information.

[0190] According to some embodiments, the processing unit 901 is further configured to:

[0191] When the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is greater than or equal to the second frequency offset threshold, the relative displacement information between each satellite and the terminal is obtained based on the frequency offset FO of each satellite, wherein the second frequency offset threshold is greater than or equal to the first frequency offset threshold.

[0192] Based on relative displacement information, a target satellite cell is selected from at least one satellite cell.

[0193] According to some embodiments, when selecting a target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by a broadcast message sent by a network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to a candidate satellite cell set, the processing unit 901 is specifically configured to:

[0194] When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of satellite cells in the same orbit, based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set, the cell with the smaller PCI is selected as the target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell. The PCI deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs in the same orbit. The deployment information of PCIs in the same orbit is obtained by deploying the physical cell IDs of satellites in the same orbit in the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation in ascending order of satellite operating direction.

[0195] According to some embodiments, when selecting a target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by a broadcast message sent by a network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to a candidate satellite cell set, the processing unit 901 is specifically configured to:

[0196] When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of satellite cells on the same orbit, and the satellite cell identifiers on the same orbit are the minimum physical cell identifier (PCI) and the maximum physical cell identifier (PCI), the cell with the maximum physical cell identifier (PCI) is selected as the target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell based on the PCI deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set.

[0197] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0198] In some or related embodiments, the processing unit is configured to acquire a set of candidate satellite cells when the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells and the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The set of candidate satellite cells includes at least one satellite cell whose communication quality meets the communication requirements. The processing unit is further configured to select a target satellite cell from at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the set of candidate satellite cells. The target satellite cell is the satellite cell that the terminal will access. The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information is information obtained by the network device through cyclic shifting of cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation according to the characteristics of the satellite constellation. Therefore, when a terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells, it can select a satellite cell with higher service time and / or stability based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information. This reduces the risk of incorrect network access due to improper satellite cell selection. In other words, when selecting a cell to camp on before leaving the terminal, cell reselection or cell handover operations may be required in a short period of time. This can be achieved without increasing the overall initial access latency and without relying on the acquisition of ephemeris information, thereby reducing access time, improving access efficiency, and reducing system resource pressure by eliminating the need for frequent random access.

[0199] Figure 10 This is a block diagram of a network device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. For example, the network device 1000 can be provided as a network device. See also... Figure 10 The network device 1000 includes a processing component 1022, which further includes at least one processor, and memory resources represented by memory 1032 for storing instructions, such as application programs, that can be executed by the processing component 1022. The application programs stored in memory 1032 may include one or more modules, each corresponding to a set of instructions. Furthermore, the processing component 1022 is configured to execute instructions to perform any of the methods described above applied to the network device.

[0200] Network device 1000 may also include a power supply component 1027 configured to perform power management of network device 1000, a wired or wireless network interface 1050 configured to connect network device 1000 to a network, and an input / output (I / O) interface 1058. Network device 1000 may operate on an operating system stored in memory 1032, such as Windows Server™, Mac OS X™, Unix™, Linux™, Free BSD™, or similar.

[0201] Figure 11This is a block diagram illustrating a terminal 1100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 11 Terminal 1100 may include one or more of the following components: processing component 1102, memory 1104, power component 1106, multimedia component 1108, audio component 1110, input / output (I / O) interface 1112, sensor component 1114, and communication component 1116.

[0202] Processing component 1102 typically handles the overall operation of terminal 1100, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communication, camera operation, and recording. Processing component 1102 may include one or more processors 1120 to execute instructions to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described above. Furthermore, processing component 1102 may include one or more modules to facilitate interaction between processing component 1102 and other components. For example, processing component 1102 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between multimedia component 1108 and processing component 1102.

[0203] Memory 1104 is configured to store various types of data to support operation on terminal 1100. Examples of this data include instructions for any application or method operating on terminal 1100, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, etc. Memory 1104 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0204] Power component 1106 provides power to various components of terminal 1100. Power component 1106 may include a power management system, one or more power sources, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to terminal 1100.

[0205] Multimedia component 1108 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the terminal 1100 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touchscreen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensors may sense not only the boundaries of the touch or swipe action but also the duration and pressure associated with the touch or swipe operation.

[0206] Audio component 1110 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, audio component 1110 includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when terminal 1100 is in an operating mode, such as call mode, recording mode, and voice recognition mode. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory 1104 or transmitted via communication component 1116. In some embodiments, audio component 1110 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0207] I / O interface 1112 provides an interface between processing component 1102 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, home buttons, volume buttons, power buttons, and lock buttons.

[0208] Sensor assembly 1114 includes one or more sensors for providing state assessments of various aspects of terminal 1100. For example, sensor assembly 1114 can detect the on / off state of terminal 1100, the relative positioning of components such as the display and keypad of terminal 1100, changes in the position of terminal 1100 or a component of terminal 1100, the presence or absence of user contact with terminal 1100, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of terminal 1100, and temperature changes of terminal 1100. Sensor assembly 1114 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. Sensor assembly 1114 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, sensor assembly 1114 may also include an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0209] Communication component 1116 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between terminal 1100 and other devices. Terminal 1100 can access wireless networks based on communication standards, such as WiFi, 3G, 4G, 5G, other communication standards, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, communication component 1116 receives broadcast signals or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In some embodiments, communication component 1116 further includes a near-field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.

[0210] In some embodiments, terminal 1100 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the methods described above.

[0211] In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory 1104 including instructions, which can be executed by a processor 1120 of terminal 1100 to perform the above method. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device, etc.

[0212] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0213] The program code used to implement the methods of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0214] In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0215] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0216] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or middleware components (e.g., application servers), or frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), the Internet, and blockchain networks.

[0217] Computer systems can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally geographically separated and typically interact via communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. A server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, a hosting product within the cloud computing service ecosystem, addressing the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS (Virtual Private Server, or simply "VPS") services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability. Servers can also be servers for distributed systems or servers incorporating blockchain technology.

[0218] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0219] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for deploying physical cell identifiers, characterized in that, Applied to network devices, including: Based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation, a cyclic shift method is used to deploy cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation to obtain physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information. A broadcast message is sent to the terminal set corresponding to each satellite of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation, wherein the broadcast message includes the physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information corresponding to each satellite, and the terminal set includes at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​each satellite.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs on the same track. Obtaining the PCI deployment information includes: The physical cell IDs of satellites in the same orbit within the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation are deployed in ascending order of satellite orbit direction or descending order of satellite orbit direction. The deployment information of the Physical Cell Identifiers (PCIs) for the same orbit is obtained. In a single-layer constellation of a low-Earth orbit satellite constellation, the minimum physical cell identifier (PCI) and the maximum physical cell identifier (PCI) are the same across all orbits.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in, The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs on adjacent orbits. Obtaining the PCI deployment information includes: Based on the fact that each orbit in the current constellation of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation uses the same Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information, and there is a PCI offset value between adjacent orbits, the physical cells of the satellites on the adjacent orbits are deployed, and the deployment information of the PCI of the adjacent orbits is obtained.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, in, The low-Earth orbit satellite constellation comprises multiple constellations, and the acquisition of Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information includes: The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) sets corresponding to each constellation layer in the multi-layer constellation, the deployment information of the PCIs on the same orbit, and the deployment information of the PCIs on adjacent orbits are used to deploy the PCIs of each constellation layer and obtain the PCI deployment information.

5. A method for deploying physical cell identifiers, characterized in that, Applied to terminals, including: When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells, and the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a set of candidate satellite cells is obtained, wherein the set of candidate cells includes at least one satellite cell whose communication quality meets the communication requirements. Based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set, a target satellite cell is selected from the at least one satellite cell. The target satellite cell is the satellite cell for which the terminal accesses the network. The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information is obtained by the network device through cyclic shifting of cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation according to the characteristics of the satellite constellation.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of selecting a target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by broadcast messages sent by network devices and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set includes: When the terminal performs blind detection of the primary synchronization signal PSS or the secondary synchronization signal SSS, the frequency offset FO of each satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set is obtained; If the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is less than or equal to the first frequency offset threshold, the target satellite cell is selected from the at least one satellite cell based on the physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the absolute value of the frequency offset FO of each satellite is greater than or equal to the second frequency offset threshold, the relative displacement information between each satellite and the terminal is obtained based on the frequency offset FO of each satellite, wherein the second frequency offset threshold is greater than or equal to the first frequency offset threshold. Based on the relative displacement information, the target satellite cell is selected from the at least one satellite cell.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of selecting a target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by broadcast messages sent by network devices and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set includes: When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of satellite cells in the same orbit, based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set, the cell with the smaller PCI is selected as the target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell. The PCI deployment information includes the deployment information of PCIs in the same orbit. The deployment information of PCIs in the same orbit is obtained by deploying the physical cell IDs of satellites in the same orbit in the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation in ascending order of satellite operating direction.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of selecting a target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by broadcast messages sent by network devices and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set includes: When the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of satellite cells in the same orbit, and the satellite cell identifiers in the same orbit are the minimum physical cell identifier (PCI) and the maximum physical cell identifier (PCI), the cell with the maximum physical cell identifier (PCI) is selected as the target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell based on the PCI deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set.

10. A physical cell identifier deployment device, characterized in that, include: The processing unit is used to deploy cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method, based on the characteristics of the satellite constellation, and to obtain physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information. A transmitting unit is configured to transmit a broadcast message to the terminal set corresponding to each satellite of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation, wherein the broadcast message includes physical cell identifier (PCI) deployment information corresponding to each satellite, and the terminal set includes at least one terminal within the coverage area of ​​each satellite.

11. A physical cell identifier deployment device, characterized in that, include: The processing unit is configured to obtain a set of candidate satellite cells when the terminal is located in an area with overlapping coverage of multiple satellite cells and the terminal performs blind detection of primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS), wherein the set of candidate cells includes at least one satellite cell among multiple satellite cells whose communication quality meets the communication requirements; The processing unit is further configured to select a target satellite cell from the at least one satellite cell based on the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information determined by the broadcast message sent by the network device and the operating direction of at least one satellite corresponding to the candidate satellite cell set. The target satellite cell is the satellite cell that the terminal accesses. The Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) deployment information is information obtained by the network device by deploying cell identifiers on at least one orbit of the low-Earth orbit satellite constellation using a cyclic shift method according to the characteristics of the satellite constellation.

12. A network device, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions; The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the physical cell identifier deployment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

13. A terminal, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions; The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the physical cell identifier deployment method as described in any one of claims 5 to 9.

14. A storage medium, wherein instructions in the storage medium, when executed by a processor of a terminal, enable the terminal to perform the physical cell identifier deployment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 or 5 to 8.

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