A shipborne communication system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a shipborne communication system and method, relating to the field of shipborne communication system construction technology. The system includes a shipborne base station unit deployed on a mother ship, a communication terminal unit deployed on a subsidiary ship, and an instant messaging application unit deployed within the shipborne base station unit. The shipborne base station unit is used to construct a 5G independent private network covering the waters surrounding the mother ship. The communication terminal unit is used to access the shipborne base station unit through the 5G independent private network. The instant messaging application unit is used to carry and process instant messaging services between the mother ship and the subsidiary ship using the 5G independent private network. This invention effectively solves the shortcomings of existing maritime communication technologies in terms of coverage, latency, bandwidth, cost, and service adaptability, achieving efficient, reliable, and low-cost collaborative communication between the mother ship and the subsidiary ship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipborne communication system construction technology, and in particular to a shipborne communication system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In maritime operations, efficient and reliable communication between the mother ship and various terminals such as daughter ships, buoys, and drones is crucial for ensuring operational safety and collaborative efficiency. With the increasing complexity of marine operations, such as marine exploration, emergency rescue, and marine monitoring, higher demands are placed on communication capabilities. Modern maritime collaborative operations not only require the transmission of traditional voice commands but also the real-time transmission of high-bandwidth services such as high-definition video, high-precision positioning data, and environmental sensor information. Simultaneously, communication systems must possess low latency characteristics to support remote control and immediate decision-making. However, the unique natural environment at sea, such as vast ocean areas, harsh weather conditions, and the lack of terrestrial network infrastructure, presents significant challenges to achieving high-quality communication.

[0003] Currently, maritime communication mainly relies on two methods: satellite communication and VHF communication. Satellite communication uses Earth-orbiting satellites for relaying, theoretically covering most of the world's oceans, and is currently the primary means of long-range ocean communication. VHF communication is a mature short-range wireless communication technology at sea, operating in the frequency band between 156MHz and 174MHz, and is widely used in scenarios such as ship-to-ship communication and ship reporting. In recent years, with the maturity of fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G), its low latency, high bandwidth, and high reliability have begun to attract attention in the maritime field. Some research and practice have attempted to deploy 5G base stations on fixed offshore platforms such as oil drilling platforms or large ships to provide localized 5G network coverage for a single platform or the ship itself, in order to meet the wireless data transmission needs within the platform.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies all have significant shortcomings when applied to the specific scenario of collaborative operations between mother ships and daughter ships. While satellite communication offers wide coverage, it suffers from high latency (typically hundreds of milliseconds or more) due to the long-distance transmission of satellite links. Furthermore, bandwidth resources are expensive, and costs increase linearly with traffic volume, making it difficult to support high-frequency real-time interaction and high-bandwidth service transmission between multiple daughter ships and the mother ship. VHF communication equipment is less expensive, but its low operating frequency and limited available bandwidth result in extremely low data transmission rates, failing to meet the demands of services such as high-definition video backhaul. Simultaneously, VHF communication coverage is typically only tens of nautical miles and is susceptible to interference from sea surface reflections and weather conditions, making it difficult to guarantee communication quality and reliability. Existing 5G maritime private network solutions are essentially still static coverage designs for single fixed points or single ships. They are not optimized for collaborative operation networks with the mother ship as the core and the subsidiary ships moving dynamically around the mother ship. They lack effective support for mobility management functions such as flexible access, automatic switching, and network reconnection for multiple subsidiary ships. In addition, these solutions usually only provide basic network connectivity and lack localized instant messaging applications and business data processing mechanisms that are deeply adapted to maritime operation scenarios, thus failing to achieve truly efficient collaboration.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive solution that can achieve efficient, reliable, and low-cost collaborative communication between mobile platforms at sea. This solution can be achieved by building a mobile 5G standalone private network centered on the mother ship and integrating real-time communication applications for maritime operations, in order to solve the problems of coverage, latency, bandwidth, cost, and service adaptability in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a shipborne communication system and method, as detailed below: 1) In a first aspect, the present invention provides a shipborne communication system, the specific technical solution of which is as follows: It includes a shipborne base station unit for deployment on the mother ship, a communication terminal unit for deployment on the daughter ship, and an instant messaging application unit deployed within the shipborne base station unit; The shipborne base station unit is used to build a 5G independent private network covering the sea area around the mother ship. The sea area around the mother ship refers to the dynamic wireless network coverage area built by the shipborne base station unit with the mother ship as the center and through multi-frequency band collaborative coverage technology. The communication terminal unit is used to access the shipborne base station unit via a 5G standalone private network; The instant messaging application unit is used to carry and process instant messaging services between the mother ship and the daughter ship using a 5G standalone private network.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the shipborne communication system provided by this invention are as follows: By constructing a dedicated 5G private network covering the surrounding waters of the mother ship using shipborne base station units deployed on the mother ship, network coverage is extended to the maritime operation area. This solves the problems of high latency and expensive bandwidth associated with satellite communication, eliminating the need for long-distance backhaul for communication between the mother ship and its vessels, significantly reducing communication latency and operating costs. Communication terminal units deployed on the vessels access the shipborne base station units via the 5G private network, supporting flexible access and stable connection for the vessels within the dynamic coverage area of ​​the mother ship. This overcomes the limitations of VHF communication, such as limited coverage distance, low data transmission rate, and weak anti-interference capability, and can meet the transmission requirements of high-bandwidth services such as high-definition video and real-time positioning. Instant messaging application units deployed within the shipborne base station units provide instant messaging services between the mother ship and its vessels, enabling real-time interaction such as text messaging and audio / video calls. All service data is processed locally on the mother ship, ensuring communication reliability and data security. Therefore, this invention effectively solves the shortcomings of existing maritime communication technologies in terms of coverage, latency, bandwidth, cost, and service adaptability, achieving efficient, reliable, and low-cost collaborative communication between the mother ship and its vessels.

[0008] Based on the above solution, the shipborne communication system of the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0009] Furthermore, the shipborne base station unit includes 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations; the 5G core network equipment is connected to the 5G macro base stations and instant messaging application units respectively, and is used to complete data forwarding and processing locally on the mother ship to build a 5G independent private network; the 5G macro base stations are connected to the 5G core network equipment and adopt a multi-band collaborative coverage design that supports at least the 2.1GHz band and the 3.5GHz band, and are used to establish wireless connections with communication terminal units.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are as follows: the 5G core network equipment is connected to the 5G macro base station and the instant messaging application unit respectively, and the data forwarding and processing are completed locally on the mother ship, thereby constructing a 5G independent private network. This approach avoids data backhaul via shore-based or satellite, keeping end-to-end communication latency at an extremely low level, while ensuring that data does not leave the mother ship, thus guaranteeing the security of operational data. The 5G macro base station is connected to the 5G core network equipment, employing a multi-band collaborative coverage design that supports at least the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz bands to establish a wireless connection with the communication terminal unit. The 2.1GHz band provides long-distance coverage, with a coverage radius that meets the distance requirements of maritime operations, while the 3.5GHz band provides high bandwidth to ensure high-bandwidth services such as high-definition video backhaul. Through this design, a balance between wide coverage and high throughput is achieved in a vast sea area, providing stable and high-speed wireless access for the communication terminal unit, and meeting the network coverage and transmission capacity requirements for multi-service collaborative communication between the mother ship and the sub-ships.

[0011] Furthermore, the 5G core network equipment integrates multi-access edge computing nodes, in which user plane function modules are deployed. These user plane function modules are connected to the 5G macro base station and the instant messaging application unit, respectively. They are used to offload and process the service data generated after the communication terminal unit accesses the mother ship locally, so that the instant messaging service data can be encoded, decoded and forwarded at the multi-access edge computing nodes. The instant messaging application unit is deployed in the shipborne base station unit, which means that the instant messaging application unit is deployed in software form on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the 5G core network equipment.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are as follows: By integrating multiple access edge computing nodes into the 5G core network equipment and deploying user plane function modules within them, the user plane function modules are connected to the 5G macro base station and the instant messaging application unit respectively. This allows for the local offloading and processing of service data generated after the communication terminal unit accesses the network on the mother ship. This approach enables instant messaging service data to be directly encoded, decoded, and forwarded at the multiple access edge computing nodes, without needing to pass through the remote core network or shore-based platform. This minimizes end-to-end communication latency and ensures the smoothness of real-time audio and video calls and message sending and receiving. Local offloading reduces the dependence of data backhaul on satellite links, lowers transmission costs, avoids network congestion, and improves bandwidth utilization. All instant messaging service data is processed in a closed loop locally on the mother ship, ensuring that data does not leave the mother ship, enhancing the confidentiality and security of operational information, and providing highly reliable, low-latency communication guarantees for maritime collaborative operations.

[0013] Furthermore, the shipborne base station unit is also equipped with a cloud-edge collaboration module. The cloud-edge collaboration module is connected to the 5G core network equipment and is used to periodically synchronize the de-identified operation data processed locally on the mother ship to the shore or cloud center platform, and receive the updated policies or updated models issued by the shore or cloud center platform, so that the instant messaging application unit can perform business processing based on the updated policies or updated models.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are as follows: The cloud-edge collaboration module connects to the 5G core network equipment, periodically synchronizing the anonymized operational data processed locally on the mother ship to the shore-based or cloud-based central platform. This approach enables the shore-based or cloud-based central platform to analyze and train models based on a large amount of actual operational data, continuously optimizing algorithms and strategies. Simultaneously, the cloud-edge collaboration module receives updated strategies or models from the shore-based or cloud-based central platform, allowing the instant messaging application unit to process services based on the updated strategies or models. Thus, the instant messaging application unit can continuously obtain algorithm optimization and capability enhancement, adapting to constantly changing operational needs and network environments. This cloud-edge collaboration design leverages the low-latency advantage of local processing on the mother ship while utilizing the computing and intelligent analysis capabilities of the shore-based or cloud-based central platform, achieving continuous evolution and intelligent upgrades of the shipborne communication system, ensuring long-term high efficiency and reliability of maritime collaborative operation communication.

[0015] Furthermore, the shipborne base station unit also includes a power supply and protection module, which is connected to the 5G core network equipment and the 5G macro base station. The power supply and protection module is used to supply power to the 5G core network equipment and the 5G macro base station, and to provide environmental protection for the 5G core network equipment and the 5G macro base station in accordance with marine-grade protection standards.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are as follows: The power supply and protection module connects to the 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations, providing stable power to ensure continuous operation of the equipment in the complex power supply environment at sea. The power supply section, through surge protection and voltage stabilization measures, avoids damage to communication equipment caused by fluctuations in the ship's power grid, improving the reliability and availability of the system. Simultaneously, the power supply and protection module provides environmental protection for the 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations that meets marine-grade protection standards. Through waterproof, salt spray corrosion-resistant, and vibration-resistant designs, the equipment can withstand the effects of harsh marine environments such as high humidity, high salt spray, strong vibration, and large temperature differences, preventing equipment failure or performance degradation due to environmental factors. This design ensures the physical safety and operational stability of the shipborne base station unit during long-term maritime operations, enabling the 5G independent private network to continuously provide reliable communication services under harsh sea conditions, laying a solid hardware foundation for collaborative operations between the mother ship and the subsidiary ships.

[0017] Furthermore, the communication terminal unit includes a 5G communication terminal and a data interface module. The 5G communication terminal is wirelessly connected to the 5G macro base station in the shipborne base station unit for accessing the 5G independent private network. The 5G communication terminal supports the operating frequency band matching the 5G macro base station and has automatic access and network disconnection reconnection functions. The data interface module is connected to the 5G communication terminal for connecting to the information collection and display equipment on the sub-ship and transmitting the collected data back to the shipborne base station unit through the 5G communication terminal.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are as follows: The 5G communication terminal wirelessly connects to the 5G macro base station in the shipborne base station unit, supporting the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz frequency bands that match the 5G macro base station, ensuring the reliability of wireless access and high-bandwidth transmission capabilities. The 5G communication terminal has automatic access and network reconnection functions. When the sub-ship leaves the network coverage area and returns, it can automatically re-initiate network attachment and retransmit the data during the disconnection period, ensuring the continuity of communication and data integrity. The data interface module connects to the 5G communication terminal and connects to the high-definition cameras, sensors, positioning devices, and crew mobile terminals on the sub-ship through Ethernet interfaces, USB interfaces, and Wi-Fi access points, transmitting various types of collected data back to the shipborne base station unit through the 5G communication terminal. This design realizes flexible access and integrated data transmission of various heterogeneous devices on the sub-ship side, meeting the transmission needs of multiple types of business data by the sub-ship when performing tasks, and improving the collaborative operation efficiency between the sub-ship and the mother ship.

[0019] Furthermore, the communication terminal unit also includes a terminal protective shell, which covers the exterior of the 5G communication terminal and data interface module to provide physical protection against water, impact, and corrosion for the 5G communication terminal and data interface module.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are as follows: The terminal protective shell covers the exterior of the 5G communication terminal and data interface module, providing them with waterproof, impact-resistant, and corrosion-resistant physical protection. The waterproof design enables the communication terminal unit to withstand wave splashes and rainwater erosion, preventing short-circuit damage to internal circuits due to water ingress. The impact-resistant structure, through high-strength materials and vibration damping measures, absorbs vibration and collision energy during ship navigation and operation, protecting internal precision electronic components from mechanical damage. The corrosion-resistant coating and sealing process effectively isolate the high salt spray and high humidity of the marine environment, preventing metal parts from rusting and material aging. Through this comprehensive protection, the communication terminal unit can operate stably for extended periods in the harsh sea conditions and complex operating environments faced by the sub-ship, reducing equipment failures and maintenance frequency caused by environmental factors, ensuring the sub-ship always has reliable 5G network access capabilities, and providing crucial support for continuous communication between the mother ship and the sub-ship.

[0021] Furthermore, the instant messaging application unit includes a message sending and receiving module and an audio and video interaction module. The message sending and receiving module and the audio and video interaction module are respectively deployed on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the 5G core network equipment and connected to the 5G core network equipment to process text messages, file transfers and audio and video call services between the mother ship and the daughter ship.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are as follows: the message sending and receiving module and the audio / video interaction module are deployed on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the 5G core network equipment and connected to the 5G core network equipment. This deployment method enables all instant messaging services to be processed at the edge of the mother ship's local network, without the need to transmit data back to the remote shore-based or cloud-based systems. This significantly shortens the data transmission path, minimizes end-to-end communication latency, and ensures the smoothness of real-time interaction. The message sending and receiving module processes text messages and file transfers between the mother ship and the subsidiary ships locally, enabling rapid message distribution, storage, and synchronization. The audio / video interaction module processes audio and video call services locally, avoiding jitter and packet loss caused by long-distance transmission through local encoding, decoding, and forwarding, ensuring the clarity and continuity of voice and video. As a result, the mother ship and subsidiary ships achieve a low-latency, highly reliable instant messaging experience, meeting the needs of maritime collaborative operations for real-time command issuance, on-site situation feedback, and remote consultation.

[0023] Furthermore, the instant messaging application unit also includes a status monitoring module and a data encryption module; the status monitoring module is connected to the 5G core network equipment to obtain the connection status, signal strength and uplink / downlink rate information of the communication terminal units of each sub-ship in real time, and to display it visually on the mother ship side; the data encryption module is connected to the message sending and receiving module and the audio and video interaction module to encrypt the instant messaging service data.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are as follows: The status monitoring module connects to the 5G core network equipment, acquiring in real time the connection status, signal strength, and uplink / downlink rate information of the communication terminal units of each sub-ship, and displaying this information visually on the mother ship. This function allows the mother ship operators to intuitively grasp the network access status and communication quality of each sub-ship, promptly identify terminals with weakened signals or abnormal connections, provide real-time data support for network operation and maintenance and operational command, and ensure the reliable operation of the entire communication system. The data encryption module connects to the message sending and receiving module and the audio / video interaction module, encrypting instant messaging service data. It uses national commercial cryptographic algorithms to perform end-to-end encryption on text messages, file transfers, and audio / video streams, preventing information from being illegally stolen or tampered with in the wireless air interface and within the network, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of communication content. Through the synergistic effect of status monitoring and data encryption, the instant messaging application unit achieves both perceptible and manageable network operation and maintenance, and provides a high level of security for business operations, meeting the stringent requirements of maritime collaborative operations for communication reliability and security.

[0025] 2) In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a shipborne communication method, the specific technical solution of which is as follows: The method of using any of the above-mentioned shipborne communication systems includes: By constructing a 5G independent private network covering the surrounding sea area of ​​the mother ship using shipborne base station units deployed on the mother ship, the surrounding sea area refers to the dynamic wireless network coverage area centered on the mother ship and constructed by the shipborne base station units through multi-band collaborative coverage technology. Access to a 5G standalone private network is achieved through communication terminal units deployed on the sub-ship; The instant messaging application unit deployed in the shipborne base station unit utilizes the 5G standalone private network to carry and process instant messaging services between the mother ship and the daughter ship.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the shipborne communication method provided by this invention are as follows: The shipborne base station units deployed on the mother ship construct a dedicated 5G network covering the surrounding waters, providing a localized dedicated network infrastructure for the maritime operation area and solving the problems of high latency, expensive bandwidth, and limited coverage of VHF communication when relying on satellite communication. By connecting the communication terminal units deployed on the subsidiary ships to the 5G dedicated network, the subsidiary ships can achieve flexible and stable network access within the dynamic coverage area of ​​the mother ship, ensuring reliable transmission of high-bandwidth services such as high-definition video and real-time positioning. Through instant messaging application units deployed within the shipborne base station units, the 5G dedicated network carries and processes instant messaging services between the mother ship and subsidiary ships, enabling real-time interaction such as text messaging and audio / video calls. All service data is processed locally on the mother ship, ensuring low-latency communication and data security. This method systematically realizes mother ship-centric maritime collaborative communication, comprehensively improving the reliability, real-time performance, and service adaptability of communication between the mother ship and subsidiary ships. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below: Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a shipborne communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario of a shipborne communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a shipborne communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of signal transmission and data transmission in a shipborne communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shipborne communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0028] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention and how the technical solution of the present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shipborne communication system, which includes a shipborne base station unit for deployment on a mother ship, a communication terminal unit for deployment on a daughter ship, and an instant messaging application unit deployed within the shipborne base station unit. The shipborne base station unit is used to build a 5G independent private network covering the sea area around the mother ship. The sea area around the mother ship refers to the dynamic wireless network coverage area built by the shipborne base station unit with the mother ship as the center and through multi-frequency band collaborative coverage technology. The communication terminal unit is used to access the shipborne base station unit via a 5G standalone private network; The instant messaging application unit is used to carry and process instant messaging services between the mother ship and the daughter ship using a 5G standalone private network.

[0031] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the shipborne base station unit includes 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations; the 5G core network equipment is connected to the 5G macro base stations and the instant messaging application unit respectively, and is used to complete data forwarding and processing locally on the mother ship to build a 5G independent private network; as detailed below: To enable 5G core network equipment to forward and process data locally on the mothership, a complete and integrated 5G core network system needs to be deployed in the mothership's internal computer room. This system is not a simple single server, but rather a system composed of multiple network function virtualization software modules, typically deployed on industrial-grade servers or dedicated hardware platforms. These software modules include access and mobility management functions responsible for mobility management and access control, session management functions responsible for session management and user plane data channel establishment, and unified data management functions storing user subscription information. Crucially, the user plane function module is also deployed within this system. The 5G core network equipment establishes physical connections to 5G macro base stations via shipboard LAN switches using fiber optic cables or high-speed network cables, and simultaneously establishes logical connections to instant messaging application units via application programming interfaces (APIs).

[0032] When a communication terminal unit initiates a network access request, the request is transmitted to the 5G core network equipment via the 5G macro base station air interface. Inside the 5G core network equipment, the access and mobility management function first processes the access request, interacting with the unified data management function to complete the authentication and encryption of the communication terminal unit. After successful authentication, the session management function establishes a dedicated data channel between the user plane function module and the 5G macro base station according to a preset policy. At this time, the service data generated by the instant messaging application unit, such as a text command sent from the mother ship to a subsidiary ship, is routed to the local 5G core network equipment. The user plane function module inside the equipment identifies the destination address of the data and directly forwards it to the communication terminal unit of the target subsidiary ship through the established data channel via the 5G macro base station. The entire process does not involve any backhaul from the shore-based core network or satellite link. Similarly, after the video data stream collected by the subsidiary ship reaches the 5G core network equipment via the 5G macro base station, the user plane function module directly offloads it to the instant messaging application unit, also deployed locally on the mother ship, for processing and display. By centralizing all data forwarding and processing functions on the 5G core network equipment on the mother ship, a 5G independent private network centered on the mother ship and independent of the public land mobile network was successfully built, realizing the closed-loop flow of data on the mother ship.

[0033] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the 5G macro base station is connected to the 5G core network equipment and adopts a multi-band collaborative coverage design that supports at least the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz frequency bands for establishing wireless connections with the communication terminal unit, as follows: To achieve reliable wireless connectivity with communication terminal units, 5G macro base stations are deployed at high points on the mother ship, such as masts or the top deck, to obtain optimal line-of-sight wireless propagation at sea. Each 5G macro base station integrates at least two sets of radio frequency processing units and antenna systems operating at different frequency bands, supporting the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz bands respectively, forming a multi-band collaborative coverage design. The base station is connected to the 5G core network equipment inside the mother ship via fiber optic cables or high-speed cables, ensuring high-speed, low-latency transmission of uplink and downlink data.

[0034] In practical operation, when a subsidiary vessel is located in an area far from the mother ship, such as 50 kilometers away, its communication terminal unit will first search for and attempt to access the network. Due to the good diffraction capability and low spatial propagation loss of the 2.1GHz band, the 5G macro base station utilizes this band to establish a basic wireless connection with the subsidiary vessel's communication terminal unit, ensuring the transmission of narrowband services such as basic commands, text messages, and location information, thus achieving coverage over distant sea areas. When the subsidiary vessel approaches the mother ship to perform a task requiring the transmission of high-definition video, the communication terminal unit will automatically activate and use the 3.5GHz band for communication based on network commands and signal quality measurement results. The 3.5GHz band radio frequency unit of the 5G macro base station has greater bandwidth resources, enabling the allocation of wider transmission channels for the communication terminal unit, thereby supporting high-speed data transmission and meeting the upload requirements of high-definition video streams. During this process, the scheduler inside the 5G macro base station dynamically and collaboratively allocates resources in the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz bands based on the service needs of the communication terminal unit and the current channel quality of the two bands. For example, control signaling and low-rate data can be transmitted in the stable 2.1GHz band, while high-rate video data can be transmitted in the bandwidth-rich 3.5GHz band. This achieves the best balance between wide coverage and high throughput, ensuring stable and efficient wireless connections with communication terminal units of various distances and service requirements.

[0035] The 5G core network equipment serves as the control and data processing center for the 5G standalone private network. It comprises a series of software-defined network functions deployed on server hardware within the mother ship. These functions collectively handle the authentication and authorization of communication terminal units attempting to access the network, manage the movement of terminals within the mother ship's coverage area, and establish, maintain, and dismantle data transmission channels for different services based on business needs. It integrates user plane functions, enabling all data transmitted between the mother ship and subsidiary ships, including instant messaging messages, audio and video streams, to be processed and forwarded locally on the mother ship, without relying on land-based base stations or satellite links.

[0036] The 5G macro base station is a wireless transceiver connecting the communication terminal unit and the 5G core network equipment. It is typically installed at a high point on the mother ship, responsible for transmitting and receiving 5G wireless signals in the surrounding waters. Internally, the device contains a baseband processing unit and a radio frequency processing unit, connected to an antenna system. By supporting multiple frequency bands such as 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz, it can intelligently select the optimal frequency band for wireless connection based on the distance and service requirements of the communication terminal unit, thereby providing stable and high-speed network access services to the subsidiary ships in a vast sea area.

[0037] In this context, the "mother ship" refers to a large vessel that serves as the command center and network core in a collaborative maritime operation scenario. It possesses sufficient space and energy to house and operate the complete set of equipment required to form a standalone 5G private network, including 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations. The mother ship is not only the physical carrier of the communication network but also the command platform for collaborative operations. Personnel on board communicate and coordinate with each subsidiary vessel through instant messaging applications deployed on the mother ship, monitoring the operational status of the entire network.

[0038] The 5G standalone private network refers to a dedicated communication network fully deployed on the mother ship and independent of the public 5G network. It utilizes the 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations on the mother ship to form an independent and complete mobile communication system in a specific sea area surrounding the mother ship. This network has its own independent user management, authentication, and data processing capabilities. All data transmitted within the network is processed and transferred locally on the mother ship, meaning data does not leave the mother ship. This private network architecture ensures that operational units can obtain low-latency, highly reliable, and highly secure communication services even at sea, far from land.

[0039] The surrounding sea area of ​​the mother ship refers to the dynamic wireless network coverage area centered on the mother ship, constructed by shipborne base station units through multi-band collaborative coverage technology. Specifically, long-distance coverage is achieved through the 2.1GHz frequency band (with a design radius of up to 50 to 80 kilometers), and high-bandwidth service transmission is ensured by the 3.5GHz frequency band. This forms a local sea area that can move with the mother ship and supports flexible access and stable communication for the sub-ships, thereby providing localized, low-latency, and highly reliable 5G independent private network communication services for collaborative operations between the mother ship and the sub-ships.

[0040] Multi-band cooperative coverage technology refers to a wireless communication technology where shipborne base station units simultaneously utilize at least two frequency bands with different characteristics—2.1 GHz and 3.5 GHz—to achieve both wide coverage and high capacity in the waters surrounding the mother ship. Specifically, this technology leverages the low propagation loss and strong diffraction capability of the 2.1 GHz band to ensure wide-area coverage and basic signaling connections for distant vessels; simultaneously, it utilizes the abundant bandwidth and high peak rate of the 3.5 GHz band to provide high-capacity data backhaul capabilities for nearby vessels. The base station's built-in cooperative scheduling algorithm dynamically allocates the most suitable frequency band resources to different terminals based on real-time signal quality measurements reported by the vessel's communication terminals and current service requirements, or carries the control signaling and service data of the same terminal on different frequency bands. This achieves a dynamic balance between long-distance coverage and high-throughput transmission, providing stable, high-speed, and seamless wireless access services for various types of vessels in the vast and complex marine environment.

[0041] The dynamic wireless network refers to a local communication network centered on the mother ship and moving in real time with the mother ship's navigation. Its coverage, topology, and resource allocation are dynamically adjusted according to changes in the maritime operation scenario. Unlike traditional fixed-location land-based base stations, the central location of this network moves with the mother ship, and the network boundary changes in real time based on the relative distance, navigation trajectory, and access status of each subsidiary ship. Through the coordinated scheduling of shipborne base stations and the automatic reconnection mechanism of terminals, the coverage area can be dynamically extended and contracted, thereby providing continuous and seamless communication services to multiple moving subsidiary ships. In this invention, the dynamic wireless network refers to a 5G independent private network constructed by shipborne base station units. Specifically, this network uses the mother ship as its physical carrier and logical control center. Through the 5G core network and 5G macro base stations deployed on the mother ship, a dedicated mobile communication network is formed that moves with the mother ship and its coverage dynamically changes with the location of the subsidiary ships. It no longer relies on fixed shore-based infrastructure, but instead achieves dynamic extension and contraction of network coverage area through multi-band collaborative coverage, automatic terminal access and network disconnection reconnection mechanism, thereby providing continuous and seamless 5G communication services to the sub-vessels in the surrounding sea area.

[0042] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the 5G core network equipment integrates multiple access edge computing nodes, and user plane function modules are deployed in the multiple access edge computing nodes, as detailed below: 5G core network equipment is not a single entity, but a system composed of multiple network function virtualization software modules. To achieve the integration of multi-access edge computing nodes, virtualization infrastructure software, such as container platforms or virtual machine monitors, is first deployed on the server hardware platform within the mothership to provide computing, storage, and network resources for the operation of upper-layer network functions. On top of this virtualization infrastructure, the control plane function software of the 5G core network, such as access and mobility management functions, session management functions, unified data management functions, and user plane function software, are deployed. The user plane function software is specifically deployed within a logical unit called a multi-access edge computing node. A multi-access edge computing node is an execution environment with low-latency computing and local data storage capabilities, built on the same server hardware platform or additional edge servers. By binding user plane function modules to multi-access edge computing nodes, user plane function modules can directly utilize the local computing resources provided by the multi-access edge computing nodes to perform in-depth processing of passing data packets, and can also conduct high-speed internal data exchange with other applications deployed on the multi-access edge computing nodes, such as instant messaging applications. In this way, the 5G core network equipment, through its software architecture design, integrates multiple access edge computing nodes as an internal component and deploys user plane function modules on these nodes, laying the architectural foundation for low-latency processing of subsequent local business data.

[0043] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the user plane function module is connected to the 5G macro base station and the instant messaging application unit respectively, and is used to perform diversion processing on the service data generated after the communication terminal unit accesses the mother ship, so that the instant messaging service data can be encoded, decoded and forwarded at multiple access edge computing nodes, as follows: After a communication terminal unit successfully accesses the 5G standalone private network, its generated service data is transmitted to the 5G macro base station via the air interface. The 5G macro base station forwards this data to the user plane function module deployed on the multi-access edge computing node through the N3 interface (i.e., the interface between the base station and the user plane function module). The user plane function module internally maintains a set of traffic splitting policy tables based on packet detection rules. These rules are issued by the session management function of the 5G core network equipment when establishing a data channel. When the user plane function module receives an uplink data packet, it parses the IP 5-tuple information of the data packet, including the source IP address, destination IP address, source port number, destination port number, and transport layer protocol. If the destination IP address of the data packet points to an instant messaging application unit also deployed locally on the motherboard, and the port number corresponds to the instant messaging service, the user plane function module determines that the data packet belongs to instant messaging service data. According to the traffic offloading strategy, the user plane function module no longer routes this data to the remote shore-based network through the N6 interface (i.e., the interface between the user plane function module and the external data network). Instead, it directly forwards the data packets to the corresponding service interface of the instant messaging application unit within the multi-access edge computing node via a high-speed internal virtual switching channel. Upon receiving the data, the instant messaging application unit utilizes the computing resources provided by the multi-access edge computing node to decode the data content, such as decoding video streams into displayable images or decrypting encrypted text messages into their original text. The processed information is then presented to the mother ship operators. For the downlink direction, when the mother ship operators send commands or audio / video streams to the daughter ship through the instant messaging application unit, the data packets generated by the instant messaging application unit are also internally sent to the user plane function module. The user plane function module identifies the communication terminal unit whose destination address is a daughter ship and forwards the data packets to the 5G macro base station through the N3 interface. The 5G macro base station then sends the packets to the corresponding communication terminal unit via the air interface. The entire process is completed within the mothership's local multi-access edge computing nodes and 5G core network equipment, enabling business data to be distributed, processed, and forwarded locally without any external network intervention.

[0044] The multi-access edge computing node is a computing and storage platform deployed locally on the mothership, close to the 5G wireless network access point. Built on general-purpose server hardware and virtualization software, it can host various network functions and application services. This node provides a low-latency, high-bandwidth local computing environment, enabling business data to be processed directly at the network edge without transmission to a remote central cloud. In this technical solution, the multi-access edge computing node is integrated within the 5G core network equipment, providing the necessary operating resources and high-speed internal communication capabilities for the user plane function modules and instant messaging application units deployed on it.

[0045] The user plane function module (MPF) is a core component in the 5G core network responsible for processing user service data packets. It performs operations such as packet forwarding, routing, detection, and policy enhancement according to the rules issued by the session management function. The MPF connects to the 5G macro base station via the N3 interface to receive uplink data from communication terminal units and connects to the external data network via the N6 interface. In this technical solution, the MPF is deployed on a multi-access edge computing node, enabling it to exchange data internally with instant messaging application units also located on the same node, thereby achieving local offloading and forwarding of specific service data traffic.

[0046] The service data generated after the communication terminal unit accesses the network refers to all digital information generated when various devices on the subsidiary ship interact with the mother ship through the communication terminal unit. This data includes, but is not limited to: video streams captured and uploaded by high-definition cameras, environmental parameter data packets collected by various sensors, text messages or files sent by crew members via instant messaging software, real-time location information generated by positioning devices, and control commands and voice dispatch commands issued by the mother ship to the subsidiary ship. This data is converted into a format conforming to the 5G air interface transmission protocol by the communication terminal unit, enters the 5G core network via the 5G macro base station, and is subsequently processed by the user plane function module according to the service type, either by traffic offloading or forwarding.

[0047] The deployment of instant messaging application units within shipborne base station units refers to the deployment of these units in software form on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the 5G core network equipment. In other words, the instant messaging application units are deployed on the core network side of the shipborne base station unit. Specifically, the core network side of the shipborne base station unit refers to a complete network control and data processing environment, primarily composed of 5G core network equipment, deployed within the mother ship's internal equipment room. Physically, it is located in a dedicated equipment compartment on the mother ship, consisting of server clusters carrying 5G core network control plane and user plane functions, data storage devices, and supporting network switches. It is physically connected to the 5G macro base stations installed on the external mast or deck of the mother ship via fiber optic cables or high-speed cables. From a network hierarchy perspective, the core network side is positioned higher in the mobile communication network than the access network side represented by the 5G macro base stations. It is responsible for access authentication, mobility management, session establishment and release, and policy control and forwarding of service data flows for all shipboard communication terminal units. From a functional perspective, the instant messaging application unit is deployed in software form on the multi-access edge computing nodes within the 5G core network equipment. This means that the application unit is located internally on the core network side and is directly connected to the user plane function modules, which are also deployed on the multi-access edge computing nodes, through a virtual switching channel. All instant messaging service data is encoded, decoded, processed, and forwarded internally on the core network side, without needing to go through 5G macro base station backhaul or external network routing, thus achieving closed-loop data flow within the mother ship. Therefore, the core network side of the shipborne base station unit is essentially a localized, closed system environment integrating network control, data processing, and edge applications, which is the foundation for building a 5G independent private network and achieving low-latency, high-security communication.

[0048] The instant messaging application unit is deployed in software form on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the 5G core network equipment. The specific implementation process is as follows: First, virtualization infrastructure software, such as a container platform or virtual machine monitor, is deployed on the server hardware platform inside the mothership to provide computing, storage, and network resources for upper-layer applications. Then, the user plane function modules inside the 5G core network equipment are bound and deployed with the multi-access edge computing nodes, enabling the user plane function modules to directly utilize the local computing resources provided by the nodes. Finally, the message sending and receiving module, audio and video interaction module, status monitoring module, and data encryption module of the instant messaging application unit are packaged separately. Each module is an independent software container or virtual machine group that runs on a multi-access edge computing node. Each module is allocated a dedicated central processing unit core, memory space, and network interface resources. Finally, through the high-speed virtual switch inside the multi-access edge computing node, these modules establish internal interface connections with the user plane function modules, enabling direct forwarding and processing of data packets on the host machine. At the same time, they interact with the control plane functions of the 5G core network equipment through the application programming interface to obtain the status information and session parameters of the communication terminal unit, thereby completing the software deployment of the instant messaging application unit on the multi-access edge computing node of the 5G core network equipment.

[0049] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the shipborne base station unit is also equipped with a cloud-edge collaboration module. The cloud-edge collaboration module is connected to the 5G core network equipment and is used to periodically synchronize the de-identified operational data processed locally on the mother ship to the shore or cloud center platform, as follows: The cloud-edge collaboration module is deployed as an independent software daemon on the mothership's computing server. This module connects to the 5G core network equipment via an internal application programming interface (API), continuously collecting operational logs and performance statistics generated by the 5G core network equipment. The collected data includes, but is not limited to, access times, dwell times, handover records, uplink and downlink data traffic, wireless signal strength measurements, abnormal disconnection events, and message sending and receiving counts, audio and video call durations, and encoding / decoding error rates recorded by instant messaging application units. To ensure that no sensitive information is leaked during data upload, the cloud-edge collaboration module immediately performs anonymization processing after collection: replacing the real identity identifiers of the communication terminal units, such as the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), with randomly generated anonymous identifiers; aggregating precise latitude and longitude coordinates into regional grid codes; generalizing participant information in the metadata of audio and video calls; and statistically averaging continuous performance indicators by hour or day. The anonymized data is encapsulated in a compact binary or JSON text format and temporarily stored in a local cache directory. The cloud-edge collaboration module maintains a timer that triggers a synchronization task at preset time intervals, such as every 24 hours. When the synchronization task starts, the module first checks the availability and bandwidth of the satellite communication link. If the link is normal, it establishes an encrypted connection with the shore-based or cloud-based central platform via a secure transport layer protocol. Then, the module transmits the cached, unuploaded, anonymized data files one by one to the object storage path specified by the platform. After each file transmission is complete, it waits for confirmation from the platform. If a transmission fails due to network interruption, the module puts the failed task back into the queue and tries again in the next synchronization cycle or after the network is restored, until successful. After synchronization is complete, the module records the list of uploaded files and timestamps locally for subsequent auditing and to avoid duplicate uploads.

[0050] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the cloud-edge collaboration module is also used to: receive updated policies or updated models issued by the shore-end or cloud-center platform, so that the instant messaging application unit can perform business processing based on the updated policies or updated models, as follows: While uploading anonymized data, the cloud-edge collaboration module maintains a long connection or periodic polling mechanism with the shore-side or cloud-based central platform to receive possible downlink commands. After completing global data analysis or model training, the platform generates a new update policy file or update model file and pushes a notification message to the cloud-edge collaboration module via message queue telemetry transmission protocol. This notification message contains metadata about the updated content, such as the version number of the policy or model, file size, hash checksum, and a temporary pre-signed download UIR locator. Upon receiving the notification, the cloud-edge collaboration module first verifies the integrity of the metadata, and then initiates a Hypertext Transfer Protocol secure request based on the download UIR locator to download the update policy file or update model file to a local temporary directory. After downloading, the module uses the hash value provided in the metadata to perform SHA-256 verification on the file to ensure that the file has not been tampered with during transmission. If the verification passes, the module moves the file to the loading directory specified by the instant messaging application unit and replaces the old version file. Subsequently, the module sends a reload configuration signal to the instant messaging application unit through inter-process communication mechanism. Upon receiving the signal, the instant messaging application unit smoothly reloads the update strategy or model. For example, it first creates a new processing instance, then gradually switches business traffic to the new instance, and finally destroys the old instance, ensuring uninterrupted service. For the update strategy, the instant messaging application unit's message routing module adjusts message priority or group communication strategies according to the new rules; for the update model, the audio / video interaction module loads new neural network weight parameters for adaptive bitrate control or background noise suppression. From then on, all subsequent business processing of the instant messaging application unit will be executed based on the updated strategy or model, enabling continuous evolution of edge business capabilities.

[0051] The cloud-edge collaboration module is a software functional entity deployed within the mothership's onboard base station unit, typically running as a background daemon on the mothership's computing server. It is tightly connected to the 5G core network equipment via an internal interface, responsible for managing data exchange between the mothership's local network and external shore-based or cloud-based central platforms. This module periodically collects, de-identifies, and uploads operational data generated locally on the mothership. Simultaneously, it continuously monitors and receives update policies and models from the central platform, then delivers these updates to the instant messaging application unit, thereby establishing a bridge for collaborative work between the edge and the cloud.

[0052] The anonymized operational data processed locally on the mothership refers to the secure dataset formed after the original operational records collected from 5G core network equipment, instant messaging application units, and other shipboard systems have undergone cleaning and anonymization processing by the cloud-edge collaborative module. Anonymization operations include replacing real terminal identity information with random identifiers, aggregating precise locations into ambiguous regions, statistically averaging indicators such as traffic and duration, and filtering biometric features from audio and video content. The processed data no longer contains any information that can identify individuals or operational secrets and can be securely transmitted to shore-based or cloud-based central platforms for global performance analysis, trend prediction, and model training.

[0053] The shore-based and cloud-based central platform refers to a centralized information system built on land-based data centers or public cloud infrastructure. This platform possesses large-scale data storage and high-performance computing capabilities, enabling it to receive anonymized operational data uploaded from multiple motherships and perform cross-regional correlation analysis and machine learning model training. Based on the analysis results, the platform generates optimized business strategies and updated AI models, then distributes these updates to the cloud-edge collaboration modules of each mothership via a secure network, achieving unified optimization and intelligent upgrades of the entire network communication system.

[0054] The update strategy refers to a set of executable rules or configuration parameters generated by the on-device or cloud-based central platform to adjust the business logic of the instant messaging application unit. For example, it can modify the priority order of message routing, change the bandwidth allocation algorithm for audio and video calls, or update the key rotation cycle for data encryption. The update model refers to a parameterized mathematical model file trained using machine learning algorithms, such as neural network weights for predicting network quality, filter coefficients for speech enhancement, or convolutional kernel parameters for image recognition. After loading these update strategies or update models, the instant messaging application unit will process subsequent instant messaging services according to the new rules or models, thereby continuously improving communication efficiency and user experience.

[0055] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the shipborne base station unit also includes a power supply and protection module. The power supply and protection module is connected to the 5G core network equipment and the 5G macro base station, and is used to supply power to the 5G core network equipment and the 5G macro base station, and to provide environmental protection for the 5G core network equipment and the 5G macro base station in accordance with marine-grade protection standards.

[0056] The power supply and protection module is the fundamental support component of the shipborne base station unit, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations. This module consists of two main parts: a power supply system and a protection subsystem. These two systems work together to ensure the normal startup, operation, and maintenance of communication equipment in harsh marine environments. The power supply system uses the ship's main power distribution board as its primary input source, typically a three-phase AC 380V or single-phase AC 220V, at a frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz. The input power first passes through a surge protector, which uses a combination of metal oxide varistors and gas discharge tubes to discharge transient overvoltage spikes caused by lightning or the switching of high-power equipment on the ship. After the surge protector, an automatic voltage regulator is connected. The automatic voltage regulator uses a servo motor to adjust the taps of the autotransformer or employs power electronic conversion technology to stabilize the input voltage within the range required by the equipment, for example, ±10% of AC 220V. The regulated power supply enters the power distribution unit, which contains multiple circuit breakers to provide overload and short-circuit protection for the power supply lines of the 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations. Cables from the power distribution unit connect to dedicated power modules for the equipment. For 5G core network equipment, its internal servers and switches typically require -48V DC power; therefore, the power supply system is equipped with a high-frequency switching rectifier module to convert AC power into a stable -48V DC output, which is then distributed to each computing node via a DC power distribution panel. For 5G macro base stations, their remote radio units typically support direct AC input or -48V DC input; depending on the specific equipment model, the power supply system provides the corresponding power interface. To address unexpected power outages on the mother ship, the power supply system also integrates an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). This UPS employs an online double-conversion structure with a built-in valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery pack. When the main power supply is normal, the battery is float-charged; when the main power is interrupted, the battery instantly switches power to the equipment via an inverter, ensuring uninterrupted operation of the 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations for at least 30 minutes to allow for data saving and orderly shutdown. The protection subsystem is designed around the equipment installation environment. The 5G core network equipment, its power modules, and the UPS are all installed in a specially designed marine control cabinet. This cabinet is made of stainless steel or high-strength aluminum alloy and coated with a salt spray-resistant epoxy resin paint. The cabinet door frame is equipped with conductive rubber sealing strips, and the cable entry holes are fitted with waterproof cable connectors, giving the cabinet an overall protection rating of IP56, meaning it can prevent the intrusion of powerful water jets and wave splashes, as well as dust. The bottom of the cabinet is equipped with a vibration damper, which uses a composite structure of metal springs and damping materials to isolate low-frequency vibrations and impacts generated during the mother ship's navigation. The cabinet is equipped with a temperature and humidity controller. When the temperature is below a set value, such as 5°C, the heater automatically starts to prevent condensation; when the temperature is above a set value, such as 40°C, the axial fan or air conditioning heat exchanger is activated for heat dissipation.The outdoor units of 5G macro base stations, including the radio frequency remote unit and antenna, are equipped with industrial-grade protective housings. However, to enhance reliability, the power supply and protection module is additionally equipped with waterproof and dustproof junction boxes and cable sealing joints, and waterproof sealant is applied to exposed radio frequency cable joints. The design, manufacturing, and testing of the entire power supply and protection module comply with the relevant standards of the China Classification Society or the International Electrotechnical Commission, ensuring long-term stable operation in marine environments with high humidity, high salt spray, strong vibration, and wide temperature variations.

[0057] The specific implementation method of the power supply and protection module supplying power to the 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base station is as follows: The power supply and protection module is connected to the power input terminals of the 5G core network equipment and the 5G macro base station via dedicated power cables laid inside the mothership. The main power input interface inside the power supply and protection module draws a three-phase AC 380V power supply from the mothership's main distribution board. This power supply is first isolated and protected by the main circuit breaker. A surge protector is connected in parallel after the main circuit breaker. The surge protector consists of a varistor and a gas discharge tube, with a nominal discharge current of 20 kA, effectively suppressing transient impacts caused by lightning induction or overvoltages from the ship's electrical grid operation. The surge-protected power supply enters the automatic voltage regulator, which adjusts the thyristor conduction angle in real time based on the output voltage sampling value, stabilizing the output voltage within the range of AC 220V plus or minus 5%. The stabilized AC power supply is then sent to the power distribution unit, which contains multiple branch circuit breakers, each branch corresponding to one output. One of these outputs, after passing through an AC contactor, is directly connected to the AC power supply port of the 5G macro base station, providing the macro base station with AC 220V power. Another path connects to a high-frequency switching rectifier module, which converts 220V AC to -48V DC output. Multiple battery banks are connected in parallel at the output as backup power. The -48V DC power is distributed to the servers, switches, and storage devices within the 5G core network equipment via a DC distribution panel. Each branch in the DC distribution panel is equipped with a fuse or DC circuit breaker, along with indicator lights and voltmeters / ammeters. Simultaneously, the static switch of the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) monitors the input power status. If a main power failure or exceeding allowable limits is detected, the UPS immediately converts the DC power from the battery banks to an AC sine wave output via an inverter within 4 milliseconds, maintaining uninterrupted power supply to the 5G macro base station and 5G core network equipment. The connection cables between the power supply and protection modules and the equipment are all marine-grade flame-retardant cables. The cable sheaths are low-smoke, halogen-free, oil-resistant, and low-temperature resistant. Both ends of the cables are secured to the equipment interfaces using dedicated waterproof connectors to prevent loosening due to ship vibration. Through the above-mentioned multi-level power processing and redundancy design, the power supply and protection module can continuously and stably provide 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations with power that meets their operating requirements, ensuring that the communication equipment operates normally under various operating conditions during the mother ship's voyage.

[0058] The power supply and protection module provides environmental protection for 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations in accordance with marine-grade protection standards. The specific implementation method is as follows: To achieve marine-grade environmental protection standards, the power supply and protection module protects the 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations from three aspects: mechanical structure, material selection, and environmental control. For the 5G core network equipment, its internal servers, switches, and power modules are all installed in a custom-designed, high-strength marine control cabinet. The cabinet body is welded from 3mm thick 316L stainless steel plates, with a surface treated by pickling and passivation followed by an epoxy zinc-rich primer and acrylic polyurethane topcoat, resulting in a coating thickness greater than 200 micrometers, capable of resisting long-term corrosion from marine salt spray. Conductive rubber sealing strips are embedded between the cabinet door and the cabinet body, and the door lock uses a multi-point pressure lock made of stainless steel. When closed, the cabinet meets the international protection code IP56 requirements, meaning it completely prevents dust ingress and can withstand strong water jets and wave impacts from any direction. Cable entry holes are located at the bottom of the cabinet, each equipped with a metal waterproof cable connector with an internal rubber sealing ring, which, when tightened, completely seals the cable to the cabinet wall. Four metal spring vibration dampers are installed at the bottom of the cabinet. The stiffness of the dampers is designed according to the vibration spectrum of the mother ship, and can attenuate more than 60% of the vibrations transmitted by the hull in the range of 10 Hz to 200 Hz, protecting the internal precision electronic equipment. Temperature and humidity sensors are installed inside the cabinet. The data is sent to the temperature and humidity controller. When the humidity is higher than 80%, the controller activates the heater inside the cabinet to raise the temperature to more than 5°C above the dew point to prevent condensation on the circuit board surface. When the temperature is higher than 40°C, the controller activates the axial flow fan or small air conditioner heat exchanger installed on the side wall of the cabinet to exhaust the hot air and maintain the temperature inside the cabinet within the allowable operating range of the equipment. For the outdoor unit of the 5G macro base station, the power supply and protection module provides additional protection measures: waterproof junction boxes are installed at the power and signal line inlets of the RF remote unit. The terminals inside the junction boxes are coated with waterproof insulating silicone grease, and the box cover is fitted with a sealing gasket; all exposed RF connectors are wrapped with self-curing rubber self-adhesive tape and covered with PVC tape to form a tight waterproof layer; antenna brackets and mounting parts are made of hot-dip galvanized or stainless steel to prevent corrosion. The design and verification of the entire set of protective measures are carried out in accordance with the China Classification Society's "Rules for Classification of Steel Seagoing Ships" and the International Electrotechnical Commission's IEC 60092 "Electrical Installations of Ships" series of standards, ensuring that the 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations can work reliably for a long time in marine environments with humidity up to 95%, salt spray concentration of 2 mg / m³, ambient temperature from -20°C to 55°C, and continuous vibration acceleration of 1.5g.

[0059] Marine-grade environmental protection standards refer to a series of protective technical requirements and measures formulated for the special operating environment of ships and offshore facilities. These standards are usually issued by the International Maritime Organization, the International Electrotechnical Commission, and various classification societies, such as the China Classification Society (CCS) specifications, the IEC 60092 series, and international protection codes (IP ratings). Their core content includes preventing seawater and salt spray corrosion, preventing dust and water from entering the equipment, resisting vibrations and shocks generated by ship navigation, adapting to a wide range of temperature and humidity changes, and preventing mold growth. Specific indicators involve an enclosure protection rating of at least IP56, the ability to withstand sinusoidal vibration tests with frequencies from 2 Hz to 100 Hz and an acceleration amplitude of 1.5g, normal operation within an ambient temperature range of -25°C to 55°C, and a salt spray test duration of no less than 240 hours without severe corrosion. Meeting marine-grade environmental protection standards means that 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations are designed, manufactured, and installed to adapt to harsh marine natural conditions and the dynamic environment of the ship itself, ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the communication system.

[0060] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the communication terminal unit includes a 5G communication terminal and a data interface module; the 5G communication terminal is wirelessly connected to the 5G macro base station in the shipborne base station unit for accessing the 5G independent private network; the 5G communication terminal supports the operating frequency band matching the 5G macro base station and has automatic access and network disconnection reconnection functions; the data interface module is connected to the 5G communication terminal for connecting to the information collection and display equipment on the sub-ship and transmitting the collected data back to the shipborne base station unit through the 5G communication terminal.

[0061] The specific implementation process for accessing the 5G standalone private network is as follows: As a user-side device on the motherboard, the primary task of the 5G communication terminal is to establish a stable wireless connection with the 5G macro base station deployed on the motherboard, thereby accessing the 5G private network centered on the motherboard. Upon power-on, the 5G communication terminal's internal radio frequency transceiver unit immediately begins scanning a pre-defined frequency range, searching for synchronization signals and system information blocks continuously broadcast by the 5G macro base station. This search process follows the 5G New Radio standard defined by 3GPP. The terminal first detects primary and secondary synchronization signals on possible frequency points to obtain symbol timing synchronization and frame timing synchronization with the 5G macro base station, and identifies the physical cell identifier. After synchronization, the 5G communication terminal decodes the physical broadcast channel to obtain the primary information block and system information block broadcast by the 5G macro base station. This information includes key parameters such as the cell's frequency band, bandwidth, frame structure, and random access channel configuration. The terminal configures its physical layer based on these parameters and then initiates a random access procedure: sending a preamble sequence to the 5G macro base station through the physical random access channel. After detecting the preamble, the base station replies in the random access response window with a response containing timing advance and uplink resource authorization. After receiving the response, the 5G communication terminal sends a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection establishment request message on the allocated resources. This message carries the terminal's identity and the reason for the connection establishment. The 5G macro base station forwards the request to the 5G core network equipment for authentication and authorization. After verifying the terminal's legitimacy, the core network equipment establishes a default data radio bearer for the terminal and assigns an IP address. At this point, the 5G communication terminal has successfully registered with the 5G standalone private network and established a dedicated radio link with the 5G macro base station, and can begin transmitting service data.

[0062] The 5G communication terminal supports the operating frequency band matching the 5G macro base station and has automatic access and reconnection functions. The specific implementation process is as follows: The 5G communication terminal is designed to support at least the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz frequency bands, perfectly matching the multi-band collaborative coverage design of the mother ship's 5G macro base station. The terminal integrates corresponding frequency band RF front-end modules and antennas, enabling long-distance coverage communication in the 2.1GHz band and high-bandwidth communication in the 3.5GHz band. The automatic access function allows the terminal to execute the complete network search, synchronization, and registration process without manual intervention after power-on, and automatically maintains network connectivity after successful registration. When the sub-ship moves out of the mother ship's 5G macro base station's coverage area during sea travel, the 5G communication terminal can detect a continuous decline in signal strength until the wireless link fails through a wireless link monitoring mechanism. At this point, the terminal triggers a wireless link failure recovery process, starts a timer, and attempts to reselect a cell. The terminal continuously scans for available 5G cells in the vicinity. Once it detects the synchronization signal of the mother ship's 5G macro base station again and meets the access conditions, it automatically initiates a random access and radio resource control connection reconstruction process, re-registering with the network. During network outages, the data cache module inside the 5G communication terminal temporarily stores data to be sent by upper-layer applications, such as time-series data collected by sensors, video clips, or text messages, and writes this data into non-volatile memory in chronological order. Once the terminal successfully reconnects to the 5G standalone network, it automatically reads the data accumulated during the outage from the cache and sends it packet-by-packet to the 5G macro base station via a newly established radio bearer, ensuring that data is not lost due to temporary network interruptions. Furthermore, the 5G communication terminal supports seamless frequency band switching: when a smaller vessel approaches the mother ship from a distance, if the terminal measures a decrease in signal quality in the 2.1GHz band and an increase in signal quality in the 3.5GHz band, it automatically triggers a switching process, migrating services from the 2.1GHz band to the 3.5GHz band to obtain higher bandwidth. The entire process is transparent to upper-layer applications.

[0063] The data interface module connects to the 5G communication terminal, which is used to connect to the information collection and display equipment on the sub-ship and transmit the collected data back to the shipborne base station unit via the 5G communication terminal, as detailed below: The data interface module is a crucial component of 5G communication terminals, typically existing as an expansion board or a built-in interface, connected to the main processing unit of the 5G communication terminal via a high-speed bus. This module integrates multiple physical interfaces, including at least one Gigabit Ethernet port, several USB 3.0 ports, RS232 / RS485 serial interfaces, and a Wi-Fi access point module. High-definition network cameras on the vessel connect to the Ethernet interface via network cables, industrial sensors connect to the serial interface via serial ports, and smartphones or tablets carried by crew members connect to the terminal's internal LAN via Wi-Fi. The data interface module internally runs drivers and service programs, automatically identifying the type of accessing devices and assigning each device a virtual network interface or serial port device node. For acquiring uplink data, such as real-time video streams from cameras, the data interface module receives IP packets via Ethernet and tags and prioritizes the packets according to preset rules. These packets are then forwarded to the main processing unit of the 5G communication terminal via the internal bus. The main processing unit encapsulates these packets into 5G protocol data units and transmits them to the 5G macro base station via the established wireless bearer. For downlink data, such as control commands or video streams sent from the mother ship to the display devices on the subsidiary ships, the 5G communication terminal receives and parses the data packets, then passes them to the data interface module. The data interface module forwards the data packets to the corresponding interface based on the destination address, for example, sending them to the crew's mobile phones via Wi-Fi or to the display and control terminal via Ethernet. The data interface module also performs network address translation and port mapping, enabling all devices on the subsidiary ships connected through the data interface module to share the 5G communication terminal's IP address to access external networks, achieving unified access and backhaul for multiple devices.

[0064] The operating frequency band matching the 5G macro base station refers to the specific range of wireless frequencies that the 5G communication terminal can support at the physical layer. This range must be completely consistent with the frequency band used by the mother ship's 5G macro base station for transmission and reception to ensure that the terminal correctly receives downlink signals from the base station and transmits uplink signals. In this technical solution, the 5G macro base station uses at least the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz frequency bands for multi-band coordinated coverage. Therefore, the 5G communication terminal must have built-in radio frequency front-end circuits and antennas that support these two frequency bands, enabling the terminal to obtain long-distance coverage capability in the 2.1GHz frequency band and high-bandwidth transmission capability in the 3.5GHz frequency band, thereby achieving optimal wireless connection with the base station under different distances and service requirements.

[0065] The 5G communication terminal is a user-side hardware device deployed on the sub-ship, used to connect the sub-ship to the 5G independent private network built by the mother ship. It includes core components such as an antenna array, RF transceiver module, baseband processor, power management unit, and memory, and runs a complete 5G NR protocol stack software. The 5G communication terminal is responsible for establishing an air interface wireless connection with the mother ship's 5G macro base station, performing processes such as cell search, synchronization, random access, authentication, and mobility management, and providing an encrypted data transmission channel for various services on the sub-ship after successful registration. It serves as a bridge for reliable communication between the sub-ship and the mother ship, ensuring that the sub-ship can access the network at any time within the mother ship's coverage area.

[0066] The data interface module is an extension component of the 5G communication terminal, tightly connected to the main processing unit of the 5G communication terminal via an internal bus. This module integrates multiple physical and logical interfaces, including Ethernet, USB, RS232 / RS485 serial interfaces, and Wi-Fi access point functionality, for connecting various types of information acquisition and display devices on the sub-ship. The data interface module can automatically identify the type of connected device, perform data format conversion, protocol adaptation, network address translation, and priority marking, aggregating and transmitting the collected data to the 5G communication terminal for uplink transmission. Simultaneously, it distributes downlink data received from the 5G communication terminal to the corresponding local devices, enabling multiple devices on the sub-ship to share a 5G network connection.

[0067] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the communication terminal unit further includes a terminal protective shell, which covers the outside of the 5G communication terminal and the data interface module, and is used to provide waterproof, impact-resistant and corrosion-resistant physical protection for the 5G communication terminal and the data interface module.

[0068] The terminal protective housing is a key physical protection component of the communication terminal unit, designed to provide comprehensive environmental adaptability for the internally installed 5G communication terminal and data interface modules. This housing adopts an integrated molding or modular combination structure, consisting of a main body, front door cover, rear cover, cable entry device, and internal vibration damping support. The main body is made of high-strength, lightweight materials, such as die-cast aluminum alloy ADC12 or 316L stainless steel plate. The material thickness is calculated based on the protection level requirements, typically 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm, to ensure sufficient mechanical strength to resist external impacts. The housing surface undergoes rigorous pretreatment and coating processes, including degreasing, pickling, and passivation, followed by spraying with epoxy zinc-rich primer and acrylic polyurethane topcoat. The total coating thickness is no less than 200 micrometers, forming a dense protective layer resistant to salt spray corrosion. A foamed silicone rubber sealing strip is used for planar sealing between the front door cover and the housing. The sealing strip has a hollow cross-section, achieving airtightness and watertightness through elastic deformation during compression. The door lock uses a multi-point pressing type made of stainless steel. Rotating the handle drives a linkage mechanism to evenly press the door panel against the enclosure, ensuring uniform compression of the sealing strip and achieving the set protection level. The rear cover is typically fixed with screws and also equipped with a sealing gasket. The cable entry device uses a metal waterproof cable connector. The clamping claws of the connector compress the rubber sealing ring when tightened, ensuring a tight hold on the cable. A sealing gasket is also provided at the connection between the connector and the enclosure, achieving double waterproofing. An internal vibration damping bracket is used to secure the 5G communication terminal and data interface module. Metal spring vibration dampers or rubber vibration damping pads are installed between the bracket and the bottom plate of the outer casing. These absorb and attenuate the high-frequency energy transmitted to the internal equipment from ship vibration and impact, preventing fatigue damage to internal circuit boards, connectors, and components due to long-term vibration. A drainage hole is also designed at the bottom of the outer casing. In extreme cases, such as a small amount of water entering due to seal failure, it can guide the water out, preventing internal accumulation. The overall structure has been optimized through finite element analysis using 3D design software to ensure reasonable stress distribution and deformation control within allowable ranges when subjected to specified impact loads. The manufacturing and testing of the terminal protective enclosure strictly follow relevant marine equipment standards, such as the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 60945 "Marine navigation and radio communication equipment and systems - general requirements" and the China Classification Society "Guidelines for Type Approval Tests of Electrical and Electronic Products", to ensure its long-term reliable operation in actual marine environments.

[0069] In its implementation, the terminal protective housing completely encloses the 5G communication terminal and data interface module within its internal space through the sealed structure of its main body and front door cover. Waterproofing is achieved through the housing's multi-layered sealing design: a silicone rubber sealing strip embedded at the junction of the front door cover and the housing forms a continuous, sealed waterproof line after the door lock is tightened, preventing water from any direction, including direct spray from ocean waves, from entering the housing; all cable entry and exit points are introduced through waterproof cable connectors, and the rubber sealing ring inside the connector prevents water from seeping in along the cable sheath after the cable passes through and is compressed; thread sealant is applied to the countersunk holes of the rear cover's fixing screws to prevent water from entering through the screw gaps. With this design, the overall protection level of the terminal protective housing reaches the international protection code IP66 or IP67, meaning it can completely prevent dust ingress and withstand strong water spray or short-term immersion without harmful water ingress. The impact resistance stems from the high-strength materials of the outer shell and internal vibration damping measures: the main body is made of die-cast aluminum alloy or steel plate, with sufficient wall thickness and reinforcing ribs to withstand accidental impacts from external objects without permanent deformation or cracking; the internal vibration damping bracket is elastically connected to the outer shell through metal spring dampers or rubber damping pads. When the outer shell is impacted or subjected to continuous vibration, the damping elements absorb most of the impact energy through compression and rebound, significantly reducing the acceleration value transmitted to the 5G communication terminal and data interface module, ensuring that the components, chips, and connectors on the internal circuit board are not damaged. Corrosion resistance is achieved through material selection and surface coating: the main body of the outer shell is made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel resistant to marine climate corrosion, with passivation treatment and heavy-duty anti-corrosion coating. The coating system effectively isolates seawater, salt spray, and humid air from contact with the metal substrate; all exposed metal parts such as hinges, locks, and screws are made of stainless steel or coated with a corrosion-resistant layer; the sealing strips and gaskets are made of ozone- and UV-resistant silicone rubber or EPDM rubber, which do not age or crack after long-term exposure to sunlight and salt spray. Through the above comprehensive protection measures, the terminal protective shell ensures that the 5G communication terminal and data interface module can operate stably for a long time in the sub-ship working environment with high humidity, high salt spray, strong vibration, drastic temperature changes, and possible impact from sea waves and accidental collisions, maintaining the integrity and reliability of communication functions.

[0070] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the instant messaging application unit includes a message sending and receiving module and an audio and video interaction module; the message sending and receiving module and the audio and video interaction module are respectively deployed on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the 5G core network equipment and connected to the 5G core network equipment to process text messages, file transfers and audio and video call services between the mother ship and the daughter ship.

[0071] A multi-access edge computing node is a logical computing environment within the 5G core network equipment, built upon server hardware and a virtualization platform on the motherboard. First, a containerized or virtualized runtime environment, such as using the Docker container engine or KVM virtualization technology, is deployed on the server to provide isolated and dynamically allocable execution space for each functional module. The message sending / receiving module and the audio / video interaction module are created and run separately as independent software containers or virtual machine groups on this multi-access edge computing node. Each module is allocated a dedicated CPU core, memory space, and network interface resources to ensure service processing performance and stability.

[0072] The message transceiver module and audio / video interaction module are connected to the 5G core network equipment through a high-speed virtual switch within the multi-access edge computing node. The user plane function module in the 5G core network equipment is also deployed on the same multi-access edge computing node. The user plane function module connects to the external data network via the N6 interface. In this architecture, the message transceiver module and audio / video interaction module are considered part of the "external data network," but they are actually located within the same physical node. Therefore, communication between the user plane function module and these two modules does not traverse the physical network but instead directly forwards data packets through a virtual switching channel. This deployment method results in extremely short data paths and forwarding latency in the microsecond range. Simultaneously, the two modules also interact with the control plane functions of the 5G core network equipment, such as session management functions, through application programming interfaces (APIs) to obtain the status information, session parameters, and policy rules of the communication terminal unit. For example, when a communication terminal unit of a sub-ship establishes a new protocol data unit session, the session management function will issue a service flow descriptor to the user plane function module and simultaneously notify the message transceiver module and audio / video interaction module of the terminal's readiness for subsequent service processing.

[0073] The message sending and receiving module is primarily responsible for handling non-real-time instant messaging services. When a user on a subsidiary ship sends a text message to the mother ship via a communication terminal unit, the text data is first encapsulated into IP data packets, transmitted over the 5G air interface to the 5G macro base station, and then forwarded to the user plane function module via the N3 interface. The user plane function module identifies the message sending and receiving module based on the destination IP address and port number of the data packet, and then routes the data packet directly to the service port of the message sending and receiving module through an internal virtual switching channel. After receiving the data packet, the message sending and receiving module first decrypts it, as the data may have been encrypted during air interface and transmission. The decrypted text message enters the business logic processing unit, which searches for the list of currently online users and routing information based on the target user identifier in the message header. If the target user is an operator on the mother ship, the message sending and receiving module stores the message content in the local message database and pushes it to the instant messaging client running on the mother ship monitoring terminal via WebSocket or message queue protocol. For file transfer services, the message sending and receiving module receives fragmented file data packets, reassembles them into complete files, stores them in a distributed storage system with multiple access edge computing nodes, and then notifies the recipient to download them. If the recipient is a sub-ship, the message transceiver module forwards the file data packets to the target communication terminal unit through the user plane function module. The message transceiver module is also responsible for handling group messages, message read receipts, historical message synchronization, and other functions. All of these processes are completed locally on the multi-access edge computing node without accessing the shore network.

[0074] The audio-visual interaction module is responsible for handling real-time voice and video communication services. When the mother ship operator initiates a video call with the crew of the daughter ship, the audio-visual interaction module first obtains the session description information of both parties from the session management function, including encoding / decoding parameters, transmission addresses, and ports. Subsequently, the module's internal media engine begins operation: for the uplink direction, the audio and video streams collected by the daughter ship's communication terminal unit are encoded and encapsulated using the Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) before being transmitted to the user plane function module via the 5G network. The user plane function module, based on the synchronization source identifier and payload type in the packet header, routes the RTP stream to the audio-visual interaction module. The module's media processing unit performs jitter buffering and packet loss retransmission request processing on the RTP packets, then decodes and restores them to the original audio pulse code modulation data and video YUV data, which are then sent to the mixer and video synthesizer, and finally output to the speakers and display of the mother ship's monitoring terminal. For the downlink direction, the mother ship operator's voice and video are transmitted back to the daughter ship via the same path. The audio-visual interaction module also implements an adaptive bitrate adjustment function: it continuously monitors the reception of RTP packets and calculates the packet loss rate. and round-trip delay The target bit rate of the encoder is dynamically adjusted according to a preset algorithm. The calculation formula can be expressed as: in, The base bitrate is determined by the service type and resolution; for example, the base bitrate for high-definition video calls is 2 megabits per second. The packet loss impact factor has a value of 2.0. The time delay impact factor has a value of 0.5. The reference latency is set to 100 milliseconds. This formula ensures a smooth reduction in bitrate when network quality deteriorates, prioritizing call continuity. Furthermore, the audio / video interaction module supports multi-party conferencing and video polling, mixing and distributing multiple audio and video streams through a multi-point control unit. All media processing is completed on multiple access edge computing nodes, guaranteeing extremely low end-to-end latency.

[0075] The message sending and receiving module is a software functional unit deployed on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the 5G core network equipment. It is specifically responsible for handling non-real-time instant messaging services between the motherboard and the childboards. This module implements the reception, storage, routing, and push of text messages; handles file slice uploading, reassembly storage, downloading, and distribution; and manages group communication, message status synchronization, and historical record queries. The message sending and receiving module exchanges data directly with the user plane functional modules through internal interfaces, ensuring that all message processing is completed locally on the motherboard without going through an external network, thereby guaranteeing low latency and data security.

[0076] The audio and video interaction module is a software functional unit deployed on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the 5G core network equipment, specifically responsible for handling real-time voice and video communication services between the mother and daughter servers. This module realizes real-time capture, encoding, transmission, decoding, and playback of audio and video streams, supporting scenarios such as point-to-point calls, multi-party conferencing, and video scheduling. The audio and video interaction module incorporates an adaptive bitrate adjustment algorithm, which can dynamically adjust encoding parameters according to network quality to ensure call continuity and clarity. The module seamlessly interfaces with the user plane functional module through internal interfaces, and all media processing is completed locally on the multi-access edge computing nodes, achieving real-time audio and video interaction with extremely low latency.

[0077] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the instant messaging application unit further includes a status monitoring module and a data encryption module; the status monitoring module is connected to the 5G core network equipment and is used to obtain the connection status, signal strength, and uplink / downlink rate information of the communication terminal units of each sub-ship in real time, and to display it visually on the mother ship side, as follows: In its implementation, the status monitoring module, as a component of the instant messaging application unit, is also deployed on the multi-access edge computing node of the 5G core network equipment. This module establishes connections with multiple functional entities of the 5G core network equipment through an internal application programming interface (API), primarily including access and mobility management (AUM) functions, session management functions, and user plane functions. The status monitoring module interacts with the AUM functions through a representative status transmission API based on the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), subscribing to terminal status change events. Whenever a communication terminal unit completes initial registration, periodic registration update, handover, or deregistration, the AUM functions push an event notification to the status monitoring module containing the terminal identifier and the current connection status. Connection status includes connected, idle, and disconnected states. For signal strength information, the status monitoring module periodically queries the AUM functions for measurement reports from each terminal. These reports are submitted by the communication terminal units via radio resource control messages and include reference signal received power and reference signal received quality. The unit of reference signal received power is dBm, typically ranging from -140dBm to -44dBm; a higher value indicates a stronger signal. The reference signal reception quality reflects the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio. After collecting this raw data, the status monitoring module aggregates and caches it according to the terminal dimension.

[0078] For uplink and downlink rate information, the status monitoring module interacts with the session management function and the user plane function. The session management function maintains the aggregated maximum bit rate parameter for each protocol data unit session, while the user plane function counts the actual traffic of each terminal in real time. The status monitoring module obtains the uplink and downlink byte counts for each terminal in the previous statistical period (e.g., 5 seconds) from the user plane function via Simple Network Management Protocol (SMMP) or Network Configuration Protocol (NIC), and calculates the instantaneous rate: The uplink and downlink rates are measured in bits per second, while the uplink and downlink byte counts are provided by the user plane function counter. The statistical period is a pre-configured time window, measured in seconds. The status monitoring module can also calculate statistical indicators such as average rate and peak rate as needed.

[0079] After all acquired information is formatted and standardized, the status monitoring module establishes a two-way communication channel with the monitoring terminal in the mother ship's bridge or command center via the WebSocket protocol. A web-based graphical dashboard application runs on the monitoring terminal. When the monitoring terminal loads, the status monitoring module pushes an initial status list of all online terminals via WebSocket. Subsequently, whenever there is a status update, such as a change in signal strength or rate fluctuation of a terminal, the status monitoring module incrementally pushes updated data. The JavaScript code on the monitoring terminal receives this data and dynamically updates the table rows, line graphs, and dashboards on the page. The tables list the name or number of each sub-ship, its current connection status (indicated by colored dots for online or offline), the reference signal received power value in dBm with a signal bar icon, and the uplink and downlink rates in adaptive units such as Kbps or Mbps. Clicking on a sub-ship entry expands a detailed historical trend graph, displaying the signal strength and rate changes over the past hour. If the reference signal reception power of a terminal falls below a preset threshold, such as -120dBm, the status monitoring module will generate an alarm event and push it to the monitoring terminal, triggering an audible alert and a flashing screen to remind operators that the sub-vessel may soon be out of coverage. In this way, the mother ship operators can grasp the operational status of the entire communication network in real time and intuitively, providing decision support for operational command and network maintenance.

[0080] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the data encryption module is connected to the message sending and receiving module and the audio / video interaction module, and is used to encrypt the instant messaging service data, as follows: The data encryption module is also a software service deployed on multi-access edge computing nodes. It exists as a dynamic link library or microservice, providing application programming interfaces (APIs) for encryption and decryption to the message sending and receiving module and the audio / video interaction module. The data encryption module integrates implementations of various encryption algorithms, including the national commercial cryptographic algorithms SM2 elliptic curve public-key cryptography, SM3 cryptographic hash algorithm, and SM4 block cipher algorithm, while also supporting internationally recognized algorithms such as AES-256 as alternatives. Upon startup, the module reads pre-set key materials from local secure storage or the hardware security module, including the mother ship's own public and private key pairs, public key certificates of each subsidiary ship's communication terminal unit, etc., and establishes a key cache pool.

[0081] When processing text messages and file transfers, the message sending and receiving module calls the encryption interface of the data encryption module during the data encapsulation stage. For point-to-point text messages, the message sending and receiving module sends the plaintext message content to be sent along with the recipient's terminal identifier to the data encryption module. The data encryption module looks up the recipient's public key based on the recipient's identifier. If the SM2 algorithm is used, it generates a random temporary key to symmetrically encrypt the plaintext message, then encrypts the temporary key using the recipient's public key. The encrypted ciphertext message and the encrypted temporary key are combined into a data packet and returned to the message sending and receiving module. The message sending and receiving module encapsulates this data packet into an application layer protocol and then forwards it to the target communication terminal unit through the user plane function module. Upon receiving the packet, the receiving end's decryption module reverses the process to restore the plaintext. For file transfers, the data encryption module also performs block encryption on the file content to ensure confidentiality during file storage and transmission.

[0082] The audio / video interaction module invokes the data encryption module to encrypt the media stream during real-time communication. Due to the high real-time requirements of audio and video data, the data encryption module employs a performance-optimized SM4 algorithm operating in counter mode or Galois counter mode, enabling low-latency processing of high-speed media streams. After the encoder outputs the raw Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) packets, the audio / video interaction module passes the payload portion of each RTP packet to the data encryption module. The data encryption module encrypts the payload using a pre-negotiated session key, then refills the encrypted payload back into the RTP packets, potentially modifying the RTP extension header to carry encryption parameters, such as initialization vectors or sequence numbers. The encrypted RTP packets are then sent by the user plane function module. On the receiving side, the audio / video interaction module sends the received encrypted RTP packet payload portion to the data encryption module for decryption, restoring the original media data before sending it to the decoder. The entire process is transparent to upper-layer applications, ensuring end-to-end security for audio and video calls.

[0083] The data encryption module is also responsible for key lifecycle management, including key generation, distribution, updating, and destruction. When a new communication terminal unit first accesses the network, the data encryption module negotiates an initial key with it through the secure channel of the 5G core network equipment. During communication, the module periodically triggers key updates according to a preset strategy, such as changing the session key every 24 hours or after every 100GB of data transmission, to comply with cryptographic security standards. All encryption operations are performed on the multi-access edge computing nodes local to the mothership, ensuring that key materials do not leave the mothership environment, further enhancing communication security.

[0084] The status monitoring module, a software component of the instant messaging application unit, is deployed on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the 5G core network equipment. It connects to the access and mobility management, session management, and user plane functions within the 5G core network equipment via an application programming interface (API). It continuously collects real-time operational data from the communication terminal units of each sub-ship, including connection status (online or offline), signal strength expressed as reference signal received power, and uplink and downlink data rates in bits per second. The status monitoring module aggregates, analyzes, and stores this data, and pushes updates to the graphical dashboard of the mothership monitoring terminal via the WebSocket protocol. This visualizes the health status of the entire communication network for operators in the form of tables, graphs, and alarms, facilitating timely detection and handling of anomalies.

[0085] The data encryption module is a software component of the instant messaging application unit, also deployed on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the 5G core network equipment. It connects tightly to the message sending and receiving module and the audio / video interaction module via service interfaces, responsible for encrypting and decrypting instant messaging service data. This module integrates national commercial cryptographic algorithms such as SM2, SM3, and SM4, as well as other international standard encryption algorithms, providing high-strength encryption protection for text messages, file transfers, and real-time audio / video streams. The data encryption module also undertakes key management functions, including key negotiation, storage, updating, and destruction, ensuring that all encryption processes are completed locally on the host machine, guaranteeing the confidentiality and integrity of communication content.

[0086] This invention provides a shipborne communication system for constructing a localized, independently operating 5G private network centered on a mother ship and covering a certain sea area, to support real-time, reliable, and multi-service communication between the mother ship and various sub-operation units such as sub-ships, drones, and deep-sea submersibles. Figure 2 As shown, this visually illustrates a typical maritime operation scenario in which the present invention is applied: the mother ship acts as a mobile network core and command center, providing communication services to various surrounding operational units. These operational units include subsidiary vessels performing surface tasks, such as... Figure 2 The sub-ships 1, 2, 3, and 4 shown in the diagram are each equipped with a communication terminal unit. Figure 2The system includes communication terminals for sub-ships 1, 2, 3, and 4, which are used to access the mother ship's network. Each sub-ship also carries various operational equipment, including drones for low-altitude observation or transport missions, deep-sea submersibles for underwater exploration, and data acquisition terminals such as cameras and sensors (temperature or humidity sensors) deployed on the sub-ships. In addition, the mother ship itself also carries drones, deep-sea submersibles, surveillance cameras, and sensors for collaborative operations. All operational units access the mother ship's network through communication terminal units, forming a star-topology communication system.

[0087] The shipborne communication system (also known as a shipborne private network system) of the present invention includes: a shipborne base station unit deployed on the mother ship, communication terminal units deployed on each subsidiary ship, and an instant messaging application unit integrated into the 5G core network side of the mother ship, such as... Figure 3 As shown. These three units work together to form a complete shipboard communication system.

[0088] Combination Figure 3 The shipborne base station unit, communication terminal unit, and instant messaging application unit are described as follows: (1) The shipborne base station unit is the infrastructure for building a marine shipborne communication system. Its function is to provide network access, core control, and data processing capabilities for the shipborne communication system, and to ensure stable operation in harsh marine environments. This unit specifically includes the following parts: 1) 5G Core Network Equipment: This equipment serves as the network's control hub, employing a localized deployment model to form the core network subsystem. Specifically, it integrates the user plane and control plane functions of the 5G core network, enabling data processing, forwarding, and routing locally on the mother ship without requiring backhaul from shore-based or satellite systems. This not only keeps end-to-end communication latency extremely low but also ensures data remains on board, guaranteeing the security of operational data. Furthermore, this 5G core network equipment integrates multiple access edge computing nodes to provide a low-latency computing and storage platform for upper-layer instant messaging application units. User plane function modules are deployed within these multiple access edge computing nodes, enabling localized distribution and processing of business data immediately after the communication terminal unit accesses the network. Audio and video streams, text commands, and other data generated by instant messaging application units can be encoded, decoded, analyzed, and converted at the edge nodes without needing to be transmitted back to the remote cloud, with the processing results directly fed back to the mother ship's monitoring terminal or distributed to relevant sub-ships.

[0089] 2) 5G Macro Base Station: This device is the wireless access point of the network, belonging to the base station subsystem, and is responsible for establishing wireless connections with the sub-ship terminals. To achieve a balance between wide coverage and high performance at sea, the 5G macro base station in this invention adopts a multi-band collaborative coverage design. The base station internally includes an antenna feeder unit for transmitting and receiving signals, a radio frequency unit for radio frequency signal processing, a baseband processing unit for baseband signal processing, and a bearer access unit for connecting to the core network. In specific implementation, the base station must support at least the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz frequency bands. The 2.1GHz band has low propagation loss and long coverage distance, used for wide-area coverage. In this embodiment, its coverage radius is designed to be 50 to 80 kilometers to meet the distance requirements of most maritime collaborative operations. The 3.5GHz band has a large available bandwidth, used to ensure high-bandwidth services within the coverage area, such as high-definition video backhaul and multi-channel voice communication. The base station antenna should use a high-gain directional antenna or an omnidirectional antenna, and its arrangement should be optimized according to the mother ship structure to maximize the maritime coverage effect.

[0090] 3) Power Supply and Protection Module: This module provides power and environmental protection for the aforementioned 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations. It includes a power supply subsystem with a power management unit responsible for power distribution and management, and a protection unit responsible for environmental protection. Due to the characteristics of the marine environment, such as high humidity, high salt spray, strong vibration, and large temperature differences, this module must meet marine-grade protection standards. The power supply section should adopt a marine DC or AC power supply system and be equipped with surge protection and voltage stabilization devices. In terms of protection, the equipment enclosure must meet requirements for explosion-proof, waterproof, salt spray corrosion resistance, and vibration resistance to ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment under harsh sea conditions.

[0091] (2) The communication terminal unit is the interface for the sub-ship to access the mother ship's 5G independent private network. Its function is to achieve reliable and flexible network access and adapt to various service equipment on the sub-ship. This unit specifically includes: 1) 5G Communication Terminal: This terminal is the core hardware for the sub-ship to access the network. It integrates radio frequency and antenna for wireless signal transmission and reception, runs a protocol stack to handle 5G protocols, and has a reconnection mechanism and data caching mechanism. It must support the operating frequency bands compatible with the mother ship's 5G macro base station, specifically at least the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz bands. The terminal should support standalone networking mode and have automatic network search, access authentication, and handover functions. A key feature is that the terminal must have a built-in reconnection and data caching mechanism. When the sub-ship temporarily leaves the network coverage area and returns, the terminal can automatically re-attach to the network and retransmit any data that was not successfully sent during the disconnection period, ensuring communication continuity.

[0092] 2) Data Interface Module: This module provides diverse physical and logical interfaces for connecting various information acquisition and display devices on the sub-ship. Typical interfaces include: ① Ethernet interface: used to connect high-definition network cameras, industrial sensors, etc. on the sub-ship. ② USB / interface: used to connect handheld walkie-talkie adapters, GPS positioning devices, etc. ③ WiFi module: provides Wi-Fi access point functionality, enabling local Wi-Fi access for crew members' personal smartphones, tablets, and other mobile devices, and then transmitting the data back to the mother ship's network via a 5G communication terminal. Through this module, the system can flexibly access various data sources and achieve the integrated transmission of multiple data types.

[0093] 3) Terminal Protective Housing: Similar to the equipment on the mother ship, the working environment of the daughter ship terminal is also harsh. Therefore, the 5G communication terminal and its data interface module must be placed in a protective housing with high strength, waterproof, impact resistance, and corrosion resistance. The housing meets the IP66 protection level and has a built-in terminal power management unit to resist wave splashes, sun and rain, and possible collisions during operation.

[0094] (3) An instant messaging application unit integrated into the 5G core network of the mother ship. This unit is the software component of this invention for achieving service customization and improving the communication experience. It is not a standalone hardware device, but rather deployed as a software application on the multi-access edge computing node of the 5G core network equipment on the mother ship, which provides edge computing capabilities. This deployment method ensures that all communication services are processed at the network edge, i.e., locally on the mother ship, resulting in the shortest path and lowest latency. This application unit includes the following functional modules: 1) Message sending and receiving module: Responsible for the creation, encryption, distribution, and presentation of instant messages such as text, images, files, and location information. Supports point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and group communication modes.

[0095] 2) Audio / Video Interaction Module: Responsible for handling voice calls, video calls, and video surveillance streaming services. This module should support: ① Point-to-point audio / video calls: Direct communication between the mother ship and any one or two subsidiary ships. ② Point-to-multipoint audio conferencing or video scheduling: The mother ship can simultaneously establish conference calls with multiple subsidiary ships or poll to view the video feeds of each subsidiary ship. ③ Adaptive bitrate adjustment: Dynamically adjust the audio / video encoding bitrate based on real-time network quality, prioritizing call continuity during network fluctuations. Bitrate adjustment can be based on the formula... In progress, among which... For the target encoding bitrate, The base bitrate is determined by the service type and resolution; for example, the base bitrate for high-definition video calls is 2 megabits per second. For example, the packet loss impact factor is set to 2.0. For real-time packet loss rate statistics, For example, the time delay impact factor is set to a value of 0.5. For real-time statistics of round-trip latency, For example, the reference delay is set to 100 milliseconds.

[0096] 3) Status Monitoring Module: This module provides visual support for network operation and maintenance and operational command. It obtains real-time information from the 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations regarding the connection status, signal strength (in dBm as reference signal received power), uplink and downlink rates (in bits per second), and online duration of the 5G communication terminals on each sub-ship, and displays this information in a graphical interface on the mother ship's monitoring terminal. When a sub-ship's signal weakens, disconnects, or experiences abnormal data transmission, this module can proactively trigger audible and visual alarms.

[0097] 4) Data Encryption Module: To ensure the security of communication content, all messages, audio and video streams, and other data transmitted through this maritime communication system must be encrypted. This module integrates national commercial cryptographic algorithms, such as SM2, SM3, and SM4, to perform end-to-end or link-level encryption on communication data, preventing information from being eavesdropped on at the wireless interface or within the network.

[0098] 5) User Plane Function Module: The user plane function module is integrated into the multi-access edge computing nodes deployed on the mother ship. This module enables localized distribution and processing of business data immediately after the communication terminal unit accesses the network. Specifically, audio and video streams, text commands, and other data generated by the instant messaging application unit can be encoded, decoded, analyzed, and converted at the edge node without needing to be transmitted back to the remote cloud. The processing results are then directly fed back to the mother ship monitoring terminal or distributed to relevant sub-ships, thereby minimizing end-to-end communication latency.

[0099] 6) Cloud-Edge Collaboration Module: The system adopts a cloud-edge collaboration architecture to form a collaborative computing power layout. The edge side focuses on low-latency, high-reliability real-time business processing, ensuring the immediacy and security of collaborative operations. Simultaneously, a central platform is deployed on the shore or cloud side to handle non-real-time big data analysis, model training, system updates, and global resource scheduling. The shore or cloud central platform periodically synchronizes anonymized operational data from the edge side to achieve continuous algorithm optimization and intelligent system evolution. Updated strategies or models are then distributed to the cloud-edge collaboration module, which delivers the updated strategies or models to the instant messaging application unit, endowing it with continuous evolution capabilities.

[0100] The signal flow of a maritime 5G standalone private network communication system is divided into two core stages: access authentication and service communication. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the process begins with the communication terminal unit of each operational unit, such as a drone or deep-sea submersible (i.e., Figure 4(The "sub-ship communication terminal" in the text). The entire process involves two types of signal flows: control signals and data channels, specifically: 1) The communication terminal unit communicates via the shipborne base station unit ( Figure 4 The "shipborne base station system" sends an access request to the mother ship's 5G core network equipment. The request sequentially passes through the access management module, authentication management module, and subscription data management module to complete the verification of the terminal's legitimacy and two-way authentication of the user's identity. After successful authentication, the system allocates network resources to the terminal and establishes a dedicated data channel based on the user's subscription data and preset policies, through the session management module and policy control module.

[0101] 2) Once the data channel is established, operational data collected by front-end devices (video capture cameras, drones, submersibles, data acquisition sensors) can be transmitted to the mother ship via the established data channel through the communication terminal unit. Upon arrival, the data is forwarded to the data processing and storage system for analysis and storage via the data forwarding unit. Simultaneously, this data channel also serves the instant messaging application unit (i.e.,... Figure 4 The "real-time communication and video system" enables real-time command issuance, voice calls, and video scheduling between the mother ship and various work units, as well as between work units themselves, achieving efficient collaborative communication.

[0102] In this invention, the shipborne base station unit is not simply a base station mounted on a ship, but rather an integrated shipborne independent private network system comprising a locally deployed 5G core network device, a 5G macro base station using a multi-band collaborative coverage mode of 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz optimized for the marine environment, and a marine explosion-proof, salt spray-resistant power supply and protection module specifically designed for the harsh marine environment. This structure achieves local data processing, long-distance coverage, and high bandwidth assurance, while ensuring stable operation of the equipment at sea. The communication terminal unit refers to a 5G communication terminal deployed on a subsidiary ship that supports frequency band adaptation with the mother ship's private network and has automatic access and reconnection functions. Its innovation lies in the integration of multiple types of data interface modules, enabling direct connection to various terminals on the subsidiary ship, such as audio and video acquisition equipment and sensors, to achieve unified access and backhaul of heterogeneous data. The instant messaging application unit features edge integration and security design on the 5G core network device side. This unit is not standalone software, but a customized application deployed on the multi-access edge computing nodes of the mother ship's 5G core network equipment. It integrates message sending and receiving modules, audio and video interaction modules, data encryption modules based on national cryptographic algorithms, and real-time status monitoring modules. This edge deployment method, deeply integrated with the 5G core network equipment, enables low-latency communication, secure data transmission without leaving the ship, and system-level communication status monitoring.

[0103] like Figure 5As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shipborne communication method that employs any of the above-mentioned shipborne communication systems, comprising: S1. By constructing a 5G independent private network covering the sea area surrounding the mother ship using shipborne base station units deployed on the mother ship, the sea area surrounding the mother ship refers to the dynamic wireless network coverage area constructed by the shipborne base station units with the mother ship as the center and through multi-frequency band collaborative coverage technology. A dedicated 5G private network covering the waters surrounding the mother ship is constructed using shipborne base station units deployed on the mother ship. This process begins with the hardware installation and software configuration of the shipborne base station units. First, 5G core network equipment, consisting of multiple servers and network switches, is installed in a designated equipment room on the mother ship. This equipment is pre-installed with 5G core network control plane and user plane functional software. Control plane functions include access and mobility management, session management, and unified data management, while user plane functions are responsible for packet forwarding and processing. Simultaneously, 5G macro base stations are installed at higher points on the mother ship, such as the mast or top deck. These base stations integrate baseband processing units, radio frequency units, and antenna feeder units, and are pre-configured to support multi-band collaborative operation in both the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz bands. The 5G macro base stations are physically connected to the 5G core network equipment inside the mother ship via fiber optic cables or high-speed cables. Subsequently, the power supply and protection module is connected to the mother ship's main power distribution board, converting the ship's power supply into stable DC or AC power to supply the 5G core network equipment and 5G macro base stations respectively, and ensuring power quality through surge protectors and automatic voltage regulators. The protective enclosure of the power supply and protection module adopts an IP56-level sealed design, and internally installs vibration dampers and temperature and humidity controllers to provide the equipment with waterproof, salt spray-resistant, and vibration-resistant environmental protection. After the hardware deployment is completed, technicians log in to the management interface of the 5G core network equipment through the operation and maintenance terminal to configure network parameters, including setting the public terrestrial mobile network identifier, frequency point information, neighbor cell relationships, access control policies, etc. After the core network equipment starts up, it automatically loads the control plane functions and establishes a signaling connection with the 5G macro base station. After the 5G macro base station is powered on, it begins to broadcast synchronization signals and system information, announcing the existence of the 5G independent private network. At this point, a 5G independent private network centered on the mother ship with a coverage radius of 50 to 80 kilometers is completed, providing wireless network coverage for the sub-ships in the surrounding sea area.

[0104] S2. Access to a 5G standalone private network via communication terminal units deployed on the sub-ship; The communication terminal unit deployed on the sub-ship connects to the 5G standalone private network. After installation on the sub-ship, the communication terminal unit is first physically protected by a protective casing, and the integrated 5G communication terminal automatically starts. The radio frequency and antenna modules within the 5G communication terminal begin scanning the preset 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz frequency bands, searching for synchronization signals broadcast by the mother ship's 5G macro base station. Upon detecting a synchronization signal, the terminal establishes downlink synchronization with the base station and decodes the physical broadcast channel to obtain the master information block and system information block, acquiring key parameters such as the cell's frequency band, bandwidth, and random access channel configuration. Subsequently, the 5G communication terminal initiates a random access procedure: sending a preamble sequence to the 5G macro base station through the physical random access channel. After detecting the preamble, the base station replies in the random access response window with a response containing timing advance and uplink resource authorization. Upon receiving the response, the terminal sends a radio resource control connection establishment request message on the allocated resources, containing the terminal's identity and the reason for establishment. The 5G macro base station forwards this request to the mother ship's 5G core network equipment, which processes it under the access and mobility management functions. The access and mobility management function interacts with the unified data management function to complete the terminal's identity authentication and encryption negotiation. After successful authentication, the session management function assigns an IP address to the terminal and establishes a default data radio bearer. At this point, the 5G communication terminal successfully registers with the 5G standalone private network and establishes a stable wireless connection with the 5G macro base station. During the access process, the 5G communication terminal automatically selects the optimal frequency band based on signal quality. If the 2.1GHz band signal is stronger, it will remain on that band to ensure coverage; if the 3.5GHz band is available and requires high bandwidth, it will be selected first. After access, the terminal continuously monitors network quality. When the signal weakens due to the movement of the sub-ship, the terminal automatically triggers a handover or reselection process and activates a data caching mechanism during temporary network outages, temporarily storing unsent data in non-volatile memory for automatic retransmission upon reconnection, thus ensuring communication continuity.

[0105] S3. Through the instant messaging application unit deployed in the shipborne base station unit, the 5G independent private network is used to carry and process instant messaging services between the mother ship and the daughter ship.

[0106] The instant messaging application unit, deployed within the shipborne base station unit, utilizes a 5G standalone private network to carry and process instant messaging services between the mother ship and the subsidiary ships. Deployed in software form on the multi-access edge computing node of the 5G core network equipment, the instant messaging application unit includes a message sending / receiving module, an audio / video interaction module, a status monitoring module, and a data encryption module. Once the communication terminal unit successfully accesses the 5G standalone private network, the instant messaging application unit can begin processing services. Taking a text message from the mother ship operator to the subsidiary ship as an example: the operator enters the message and selects the target subsidiary ship in the instant messaging client of the mother ship monitoring terminal. The client encapsulates the message into an IP data packet and sends it to the multi-access edge computing node. The data packet first arrives at the user plane function module, which identifies the service as being destined for the message sending / receiving module based on the destination IP address and port number, and forwards the data packet to the message sending / receiving module through an internal virtual switching channel. After receiving a data packet, the message transceiver module calls the data encryption module to decrypt it (if it was previously encrypted). Then, based on the target sub-ship's identifier, it looks up the current session information, re-encapsulates the message, and forwards it to the corresponding 5G macro base station via the user plane function module. Finally, it sends the message to the sub-ship's communication terminal unit via the air interface. Upon receiving the message, the sub-ship terminal delivers it to the crew's display device via the data interface module. For audio and video call services, the audio and video interaction module performs media stream encoding, decoding, and forwarding locally. When a sub-ship initiates a video call request, the audio and video interaction module obtains the session parameters from the session management function and establishes a real-time transmission protocol channel. The video stream collected by the sub-ship is uploaded to the user plane function module via the 5G communication terminal. The user plane function module then distributes the video stream to the audio and video interaction module, which decodes and synthesizes the video stream before outputting it to the mother ship's monitoring terminal. Simultaneously, it encodes the mother ship's video stream and sends it back to the sub-ship. The entire process is processed in a closed loop locally on the mother ship, resulting in extremely low end-to-end latency. The status monitoring module continuously acquires the connection status, signal strength, and uplink / downlink rates of each sub-ship from the 5G core network equipment and displays this information in real-time on the mother ship's monitoring terminal using a graphical interface, allowing operators to monitor the network status. The data encryption module encrypts all instant messaging service data using national commercial cryptographic algorithms, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of messages and media streams during transmission. Through these processes, the instant messaging application unit reliably provides various instant messaging services between the mother ship and sub-ships, including text messaging, file transfer, and audio / video calls.

[0107] It should be noted that the methods and system embodiments provided above belong to the same concept, and their specific implementation process can be found in the description of the system embodiments above, which will not be repeated here.

[0108] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure in this invention is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-disclosed concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this invention.

[0109] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shipborne communication system, characterized in that, It includes a shipborne base station unit for deployment on a mother ship, a communication terminal unit for deployment on a subsidiary ship, and an instant messaging application unit deployed within the shipborne base station unit; The shipborne base station unit is used to construct a 5G independent private network covering the sea area surrounding the mother ship. The sea area surrounding the mother ship refers to the dynamic wireless network coverage area centered on the mother ship and constructed by the shipborne base station unit through multi-band collaborative coverage technology. The communication terminal unit is used to access the shipborne base station unit through the 5G independent private network. The instant messaging application unit is used to: utilize a 5G standalone private network to carry and process instant messaging services between the mother ship and the daughter ship.

2. The shipborne communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shipborne base station unit includes a 5G core network device and a 5G macro base station. The 5G core network device is connected to the 5G macro base station and the instant messaging application unit, respectively, and is used to forward and process data locally on the mother ship to build the 5G independent private network. The 5G macro base station is connected to the 5G core network device and adopts a multi-band collaborative coverage design that supports at least the 2.1GHz and 3.5GHz frequency bands, and is used to establish a wireless connection with the communication terminal unit.

3. A shipborne communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The 5G core network equipment integrates multiple access edge computing nodes. Each multiple access edge computing node is equipped with a user plane function module. The user plane function module is connected to the 5G macro base station and the instant messaging application unit, respectively. It is used to perform traffic diversion processing on the service data generated after the communication terminal unit accesses the mother ship, so that the instant messaging service data can be encoded, decoded and forwarded on the multiple access edge computing nodes. The instant messaging application unit is deployed in the shipborne base station unit, which means that the instant messaging application unit is deployed in software form on the multiple access edge computing nodes inside the 5G core network equipment.

4. A shipborne communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shipborne base station unit is also equipped with a cloud-edge collaboration module, which is connected to the 5G core network equipment. It is used to periodically synchronize the de-identified operation data processed locally on the mother ship to the shore or cloud center platform, and receive the updated policies or updated models issued by the shore or cloud center platform, so that the instant messaging application unit can perform business processing based on the updated policies or updated models.

5. A shipborne communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shipborne base station unit also includes a power supply and protection module, which is connected to the 5G core network equipment and the 5G macro base station. The power supply and protection module is used to supply power to the 5G core network equipment and the 5G macro base station, and to provide environmental protection for the 5G core network equipment and the 5G macro base station in accordance with marine-grade protection standards.

6. A shipborne communication system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The communication terminal unit includes a 5G communication terminal and a data interface module. The 5G communication terminal is wirelessly connected to the 5G macro base station in the shipborne base station unit for accessing the 5G independent private network. The 5G communication terminal supports the operating frequency band matching the 5G macro base station and has automatic access and reconnection functions. The data interface module is connected to the 5G communication terminal for connecting to the information collection and display equipment on the sub-ship and transmitting the collected data back to the shipborne base station unit through the 5G communication terminal.

7. A shipborne communication system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The communication terminal unit also includes a terminal protective shell, which covers the exterior of the 5G communication terminal and the data interface module, and is used to provide the 5G communication terminal and the data interface module with physical protection that is waterproof, impact-resistant and corrosion-resistant.

8. A shipborne communication system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The instant messaging application unit includes a message sending and receiving module and an audio / video interaction module. The message sending and receiving module and the audio / video interaction module are respectively deployed on the multi-access edge computing node of the 5G core network equipment and connected to the 5G core network equipment to process text messages, file transfers and audio / video call services between the mother ship and the daughter ship.

9. A shipborne communication system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The instant messaging application unit also includes a status monitoring module and a data encryption module; the status monitoring module is connected to the 5G core network equipment and is used to obtain the connection status, signal strength and uplink / downlink rate information of the communication terminal units of each sub-ship in real time and display it visually on the mother ship side; the data encryption module is connected to the message sending and receiving module and the audio and video interaction module and is used to encrypt the instant messaging service data.

10. A shipborne communication method, characterized in that, A shipborne communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: A 5G independent private network covering the surrounding sea area is constructed by deploying shipborne base station units on the mother ship. The surrounding sea area refers to the dynamic wireless network coverage area centered on the mother ship and constructed by the shipborne base station units through multi-band collaborative coverage technology. Access to the 5G standalone private network is achieved through the communication terminal unit deployed on the sub-ship; The instant messaging application unit deployed in the shipborne base station unit utilizes the 5G standalone private network to carry and process instant messaging services between the mother ship and the daughter ship.

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