Power adjustment methods, devices, equipment and media for underwater wireless sensor networks

Abstract

This application relates to a power adjustment method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for underwater wireless sensor networks. The method includes: broadcasting test data packets to each portable node at multiple transmit power levels; obtaining a receiver rate array and local candidate power level information from each portable node; calculating the sum of receiver rates for each transmit power level based on the receiver rate array; calculating the node selection count for each transmit power level based on the local candidate power level information; determining the optimal power level from the multiple transmit power levels based on the sum of receiver rates, the node selection count, and the power level priority; and issuing a power adjustment command containing the optimal power level to each portable node, so that the portable node can set its transmit power according to the command. This application can achieve adaptive adjustment of transmit power, effectively reducing energy consumption while ensuring communication reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underwater communication technology, and in particular to a power adjustment method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for an underwater wireless sensor network. Background Technology

[0002] Underwater wireless sensor networks are widely used in deep-sea environmental monitoring, resource exploration, and disaster early warning, among other fields. They achieve distributed acquisition and transmission of marine environmental parameters by deploying multiple sensor nodes. In the underwater environment, electromagnetic waves attenuate significantly, making sound waves the primary information transmission carrier. Therefore, underwater acoustic communication is typically used for data exchange between nodes.

[0003] However, underwater acoustic channels exhibit significant time-varying characteristics, influenced by factors such as water temperature gradients, changes in suspended particle concentration, and ocean current disturbances, resulting in drastic fluctuations in channel quality across both spatial and temporal dimensions. Current technologies typically employ a fixed transmit power communication mode, where each node transmits signals at a preset constant power. This fixed power mode can lead to signal transmission interruptions or a sharp increase in the bit error rate when channel conditions deteriorate, severely impacting communication reliability. Conversely, under favorable channel conditions, a constant high transmit power results in unnecessary energy consumption, accelerating node battery depletion and shortening the overall network lifespan. Therefore, achieving dynamic adaptive adjustment of transmit power in star-shaped underwater wireless sensor networks to effectively reduce energy consumption while ensuring communication reliability has become a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, this application provides a power adjustment method, apparatus, device and storage medium for underwater wireless sensor networks, the purpose of which is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network, applied to a central node, the method comprising: Test data packets are broadcast to each portable node at multiple transmit power levels to obtain the receive rate array and local candidate power level information fed back by each portable node; The total receiver rate for each transmit power level is calculated based on the receiver rate array, and the node selection count for each transmit power level is counted based on the local candidate power level information. The optimal power level is determined from multiple transmit power levels based on the sum of the receive rates, node selection count, and power level priority. A power adjustment command containing the optimal power level is sent to each portable node so that the portable node can set the transmission power according to the command.

[0006] Secondly, this application provides a power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network, applied to a portable node, the method comprising: The receiver center node broadcasts test data packets at multiple transmit power levels, and measures the signal reception rate at each transmit power level to obtain a reception rate array; Determine the local candidate power level based on the receiver rate array; Send the receive rate array and local candidate power level information to the central node, and receive the optimal power level instruction issued by the central node; The transmission power is set according to the optimal power setting instruction, and data is transmitted with the central node.

[0007] Thirdly, this application provides a power adjustment device for an underwater wireless sensor network, which includes the central node described in the first aspect and the portable node described in the second aspect.

[0008] Fourthly, this application provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; The processor, when executing a program stored in a memory, implements the steps of the power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network as described in the first aspect, and / or implements the steps of the power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network as described in the second aspect.

[0009] Fifthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network as described in the first aspect, and / or implements the steps of the power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network as described in the second aspect.

[0010] The technical solutions provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art: This application establishes a global channel state awareness by having a central node broadcast test data packets to portable nodes at multiple transmit power levels and collect feedback receiver rate arrays and local candidate power level information. Based on the sum of receiver rates, node selection counts, and power level priorities, the optimal power level is determined and power adjustment commands are uniformly issued to each portable node. Simultaneously, the portable nodes perform local signal receiver rate measurements and preliminary judgments of local candidate power levels, achieving coordinated cooperation between distributed perception and global decision-making. This enables the network to dynamically converge to the optimal power configuration that balances communication quality and energy efficiency in complex and time-varying underwater acoustic channels. This reduces overall transmit power and energy consumption while ensuring data transmission reliability, extends the operational life of the multi-node network, and continuously tracks changes in the channel environment through periodic closed-loop control, improving the communication stability and robustness of the star network in long-term unattended deep-sea scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network according to this application. Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the power adjustment method for underwater wireless sensor networks according to this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between node communication and feedback in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the electronic device of this application; The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0015] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0016] Reference Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network according to this application. The method is executed by an electronic device (e.g., a central node), which can be implemented by a software system and / or a hardware system. The power adjustment method for the underwater wireless sensor network includes: Step S11: Broadcast test data packets to each portable node at multiple transmit power levels to obtain the receiver rate array and local candidate power level information fed back by each portable node; Step S12: Calculate the sum of the receiver rates for each transmit power level based on the receiver rate array, and count the node selection count for each transmit power level based on the local candidate power level information; Step S13: Determine the optimal power level from multiple transmit power levels based on the sum of the receive rates, the node selection count, and the power level priority; Step S14: Send a power adjustment command containing the optimal power level to each portable node so that the portable node can set the transmission power according to the command.

[0017] In deep-sea environments, underwater acoustic channels exhibit highly time-varying characteristics due to temperature gradients, suspended particle concentrations, and flow field disturbances. Fixed-power communication modes struggle to balance communication quality and energy consumption. For example, when channel conditions deteriorate, fixed power may lead to signal transmission interruption; conversely, when channel conditions are favorable, fixed power results in unnecessary energy waste. Therefore, this embodiment utilizes a central node to monitor and evaluate the channel status of portable nodes in the network in real time, and dynamically adjusts the transmission power based on parameters such as packet loss rate and received signal strength, thereby minimizing energy consumption while ensuring communication quality.

[0018] Specifically, the central node establishes real-time awareness of the current underwater acoustic channel status by broadcasting test data packets to each portable node and collecting feedback information, providing a data foundation for subsequent power decisions. The central node can broadcast test data packets to each portable node in the network at multiple transmit power levels according to a preset power table. Each test data packet carries power identification information for the corresponding transmit power level, allowing the portable nodes to identify the power level used for the current test.

[0019] After receiving the test data packet, each portable node measures and records the signal reception rate at each transmit power level, forming a reception rate array. This array is a data set of signal reception rates measured by the portable node at different transmit power levels, reflecting the local communication performance of each power level under the current channel conditions. Simultaneously, each portable node performs a preliminary local assessment based on the reception rate array, identifying the transmit power level with the highest signal reception rate that meets preset conditions as its local candidate power level. The local candidate power level is the optimal transmit power level initially determined by the portable node based on local measurement results, representing the best power selection from the perspective of a single node. Each portable node feeds back the reception rate array and local candidate power level information to the central node, enabling the central node to obtain a global channel state view.

[0020] After collecting the receiver rate arrays and local candidate power level information from all portable nodes, the central node performs global metric calculations. Specifically, the central node calculates the sum of receiver rates for each transmit power level based on the receiver rate array, including: Read the receiver rate array fed back by each portable node to obtain the signal receiver rate of each portable node at each transmit power level; The signal reception rates of all portable nodes at the same transmit power level are summed to obtain the total reception rate for each transmit power level.

[0021] The central node reads the receiver rate array of each portable node, extracts the signal receiver rate of each portable node at each transmit power level, and sums the signal receiver rates of all portable nodes at the same transmit power level to obtain the total receiver rate for each transmit power level. The total receiver rate, being the sum of the signal receiver rates of all portable nodes at the same transmit power level, represents the overall communication performance of this transmit power level across the entire network.

[0022] The central node calculates the node selection count for each transmit power level based on local candidate power level information, including: Read the local candidate power profile information fed back by each portable node to obtain the local candidate power profile corresponding to each portable node; For each transmit power level, count the number of portable nodes that are the same as the local candidate power level for that transmit power level, and obtain the node selection count for each transmit power level.

[0023] The central node reads the local candidate power level information from each portable node, counts the number of portable nodes that are identified as local candidate power levels for each transmit power level, and obtains the node selection count for each transmit power level. The node selection count reflects the degree of acceptance of this transmit power level among the distributed nodes, as it represents the number of portable nodes that have identified a particular transmit power level as a local candidate power level. Through the above calculations, the central node establishes a dual decision-making basis that includes both global communication performance and distributed node preferences.

[0024] Subsequently, the central node executes a hierarchical optimal power level determination process based on the total receiver rate, node selection count, and power level priority. The power level priority is a pre-defined ranking of power levels in the decision rules, typically with the lowest power level having the highest priority, used to prioritize energy consumption when multiple indicators are equal. Specifically, the central node determines the optimal power level from multiple transmit power levels based on the total receiver rate, node selection count, and power level priority, including: Compare the sum of the receiver rates for each transmit power level, and determine the transmit power level with the largest sum of receiver rates as the first candidate power level; Determine if there is a situation where the difference between the sum of the receiver rates of other transmit power levels and the sum of the receiver rates of the first candidate power level is less than a preset threshold. If so, combine the first candidate power level with other transmit power levels to form a set of power levels to be screened. Compare the node selection counts of each transmit power level in the set of power levels to be screened, and determine the transmit power level with the largest node selection count as the second candidate power level; Determine whether there are multiple transmit power levels in the set of power levels to be screened that have the same node selection count as the second candidate power level. If so, determine the transmit power level with the lowest power as the optimal power level. If there is no situation where the difference between the sum of the receiver rates of other transmit power levels and the sum of the receiver rates of the first candidate power level is less than a preset threshold, the first candidate power level will be determined as the optimal power level. If there are no multiple transmit power ranges in the set of power ranges to be screened whose node selection count is the same as that of the second candidate power range, then the second candidate power range is determined as the optimal power range.

[0025] The central node compares the sum of the receiver rates of each transmit power level and determines the transmit power level with the largest sum of receiver rates as the first candidate power level. If the difference between the sum of the receiver rates of other transmit power levels and the sum of the receiver rates of the first candidate power level is less than a preset threshold, the central node combines the first candidate power level with these other transmit power levels to form a set of power levels to be screened; if no such transmit power level exists, the central node directly determines the first candidate power level as the optimal power level. When a set of power levels to be screened exists, the central node further compares the node selection counts of each transmit power level in the set and determines the transmit power level with the largest node selection count as the second candidate power level.

[0026] If multiple node selection counts for different power levels in the power selection set are the same as the node selection count for the second candidate power level, the central node determines the lowest power level as the optimal power level based on power level priority. If no such case exists, the central node determines the second candidate power level as the optimal power level. Through the above three-fold decision-making rules, the central node achieves coordinated optimization of global communication quality, node consensus, and energy consumption priority.

[0027] After determining the optimal power level, the central node generates a power adjustment command containing this optimal power level and sends it to each portable node via a feedback link. Upon receiving the power adjustment command, each portable node sets its own transmit power to the value corresponding to the optimal power level and then enters the normal data transmission phase, engaging in bidirectional data interaction with the central node. When the network enters the next adjustment cycle, the central node initiates a test broadcast again, repeating the channel awareness and power decision-making process described above, forming periodic control to ensure that the network transmit power continuously adapts to the time-varying channel environment.

[0028] For example, suppose there are three portable nodes in the network, and the central node has five transmit power levels set: -48dB, -36dB, -24dB, -12dB, and -3dB. During testing, the central node broadcasts test data packets sequentially at each power level. The first portable node measures the signal reception rates at 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, and 85% for each power level, and determines -12dB as a local candidate power level based on its local rules. The second portable node measures the signal reception rates at 50%, 65%, 75%, 80%, and 82%, and determines -3dB as a local candidate power level. The third portable node measures the signal reception rates at 55%, 68%, 78%, 83%, and 83%, and determines -12dB as a local candidate power level. The central node then sums the reception rates: 248% for the -12dB level, 250% for the -3dB level, and lower for the other levels. Since the sum of the receive rates of the -3dB and -12dB ranges is 2, which is less than the preset threshold of 5, the central node combines these two ranges into a set of power ranges to be screened. In terms of node selection counting, the -12dB range is selected by two portable nodes, and the -3dB range is selected by one portable node. Therefore, the central node determines the -12dB range as the optimal power range and issues a command. All portable nodes then uniformly use -12dB for subsequent communication.

[0029] This implementation utilizes a collaborative mechanism of global decision-making by the central node and local feedback from portable nodes to enable the network to dynamically converge to the optimal power level that balances communication quality and energy efficiency in complex, time-varying underwater acoustic channels. Compared to fixed-power communication modes, this application significantly reduces overall energy consumption and extends node lifespan. Compared to purely distributed power control, global coordination avoids power conflicts between nodes, improving the stability and consistency of network communication. The periodic closed-loop control mechanism ensures that power adjustments can track changes in the channel environment, exhibiting excellent robustness and feasibility in long-term unattended monitoring scenarios in the deep sea.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network according to this application. The method is executed by an electronic device (e.g., a portable node), which can be implemented by a software system and / or a hardware system. The power adjustment method for the underwater wireless sensor network includes: Step S21: Receive test data packets broadcast by the central node at multiple transmit power levels, and measure the signal reception rate at each transmit power level to obtain a reception rate array; Step S22: Determine the local candidate power level based on the receiver rate array; Step S23: Send the receive rate array and local candidate power level information to the central node, and receive the optimal power level instruction issued by the central node; Step S24: Set the transmission power according to the optimal power setting instruction and transmit data with the central node.

[0031] In a star network structure, portable nodes, acting as distributed sensing units, must both collect environmental parameters and maintain reliable communication with the central node. Since each portable node is located in a different spatial position, its local channel conditions vary. Relying entirely on the central node for unified decision-making may lead to delays or missing local channel information, hindering timely responses to rapidly changing channel conditions. Therefore, portable nodes need local channel sensing and preliminary power assessment capabilities. They must report local measurement results to the central node for global coordination and execute unified power commands issued by the central node, achieving an organic combination of distributed self-optimization and global coordination. In this embodiment, portable nodes receive test data packets broadcast by the central node, measure the signal reception rate at various transmit power levels, form local channel state awareness, and determine local candidate power levels accordingly, providing data support for the central node's subsequent global power decision-making.

[0032] Specifically, the portable node receives test data packets broadcast by the central node at multiple transmit power levels. Each test data packet carries power identification information for its corresponding transmit power level, which the portable node identifies by parsing the power identification information. The portable node sequentially measures the signal reception rate of the test data packets at each transmit power level. The signal reception rate is the ratio of the number of test data packets successfully received by the portable node to the total number of test data packets sent by the central node at that transmit power level, characterizing the communication reliability of that transmit power level under the current local channel conditions. The portable node summarizes the signal reception rates corresponding to each transmit power level to form a reception rate array. The reception rate array is a data set composed of the signal reception rates measured by the portable node at different transmit power levels, arranged in order of power level, comprehensively reflecting the response characteristics of the current local channel to each power level. For example, the central node is set with five transmit power levels: -48dB, -36dB, -24dB, -12dB, and -3dB. After the portable node measures these power levels sequentially, the receiver efficiency array is obtained as 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, and 85%. This means that the signal reception rate is 60% at the -48dB level, 70% at the -36dB level, 80% at the -24dB level, 85% at the -12dB level, and 85% at the -3dB level.

[0033] The portable node then determines its local candidate power level based on the receiver rate array. This determination of the local candidate power level based on the receiver rate array includes: Read the receiver rate array to obtain the signal receiver rate for each transmit power level; Compare the signal reception rates of each transmit power level and determine the transmit power level with the highest signal reception rate; Determine if there is a situation where the signal reception rate is at its maximum for multiple transmit power levels; If it does not exist, the transmit power level with the highest signal reception rate will be determined as the local candidate power level; If it exists, compare the power levels of multiple transmit power levels and determine the transmit power level with the lowest power level as the local candidate power level.

[0034] The local candidate power level is the optimal transmit power level initially determined by the portable node based on local measurement results. It represents the power level that enables data transmission with high communication reliability under the current local channel conditions. The portable node reads the signal reception rate of each transmit power level in the receiver rate array, compares the magnitudes of each signal reception rate, and determines the transmit power level with the highest signal reception rate as the local candidate power level. If multiple transmit power levels have the same maximum signal reception rate, the portable node compares the power of these multiple transmit power levels and determines the transmit power level with the lowest power as the local candidate power level, prioritizing the reduction of local power consumption while meeting communication requirements. For example, if the receiver rate array measured by the portable node is 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 85%, and the signal reception rates of the -12dB and -3dB levels are both 85% and the maximum value, the portable node compares the power of these two levels. The power of the -12dB level is lower than that of the -3dB level, therefore -12dB is determined as the local candidate power level. The local preliminary judgment mechanism enables portable nodes to achieve rapid self-optimization at the distributed level, avoiding energy waste caused by over-transmission, while providing node-level power preference information for subsequent global decision-making by the central node.

[0035] Portable nodes transmit a receiver array containing the signal reception rate for each transmit power level, along with local candidate power level information, to the central node via the uplink. This allows the central node to obtain the local channel state view and power preference of the portable node. After collecting the receiver arrays and local candidate power level information from all portable nodes in the network, the central node executes a global power decision algorithm. It comprehensively calculates the sum of the receiver rates for each transmit power level and the node selection count, determining the optimal power level through a triple decision rule. The optimal power level is a unified transmit power level across the entire network, determined by the central node based on global communication performance, node consensus, and energy consumption priority principles. It represents the best power configuration for the entire network under the current channel environment. The central node encapsulates the optimal power level into a receiver adjustment command and sends it to each portable node via the feedback link. Upon receiving the power adjustment command, the portable node parses the optimal power level information and prepares to perform the power setting operation.

[0036] The portable node adjusts its transmit power to the optimal power level. This power level may be the same as the local candidate power level previously determined by the portable node, or it may be adjusted to another level due to the global coordination of the central node to achieve network-wide power coordination. After the power setting is completed, the portable node enters the normal data transmission phase, encapsulating collected environmental parameters such as temperature, pressure, and acoustic signal strength into data packets and sending them to the central node at the set transmit power. At the same time, the portable node remains in receiving mode, receiving remote control commands or data requests issued by the central node, realizing two-way data interaction with the central node. When the network enters the next adjustment cycle, the portable node again receives test data packets broadcast by the central node, repeating the above process of channel measurement, local judgment, information reporting, command reception, and power setting, forming a periodic closed-loop control, so that the portable node's transmit power continuously adapts to the time-varying channel environment.

[0037] For example, suppose there are 3 portable nodes in the network, and the central node is set to 5 transmit power levels, namely -48dB, -36dB, -24dB, -12dB and -3dB. In the first round of testing, the first portable node measured signal reception rates of 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, and 85% for each power level. After comparison, -12dB was determined as the local candidate power level, as it has the same 85% reception rate as -3dB, but -12dB has lower power. The second portable node measured signal reception rates of 50%, 65%, 75%, 80%, and 82% for each power level. The maximum value of 82% corresponds to the -3dB level, thus -3dB was determined as the local candidate power level. The third portable node measured signal reception rates of 55%, 68%, 78%, 83%, and 83% for each power level. After comparison, -12dB was determined as the local candidate power level, as it has the same 83% reception rate as -3dB, but -12dB has lower power. The three portable nodes reported their reception rate arrays and local candidate power level information to the central node. The central node calculates the total receiver efficiency: 248% for the -12dB range, 250% for the -3dB range, and lower for other ranges. Since the difference in receiver efficiency between the -3dB and -12dB ranges is 2, which is less than the preset threshold of 5, the central node groups these two ranges into a set of power ranges to be screened. In terms of node selection counting, the -12dB range is selected by two portable nodes, and the -3dB range is selected by one portable node. Therefore, the central node determines -12dB as the optimal power range and issues a command. All three portable nodes receive this optimal power range command, uniformly set their transmit power to -12dB, and then enter the data transmission phase, engaging in bidirectional data interaction with the central node at -12dB power.

[0038] Through distributed channel sensing and local preliminary optimization of portable nodes, combined with the global overall decision-making of the central node, the portable nodes can dynamically adapt the transmission power in the complex time-varying underwater acoustic channel. Compared with the fixed-power communication mode, this embodiment enables the portable nodes to avoid excessive transmission when the channel is good and power shortage when the channel deteriorates, reduces the energy consumption of a single node, and extends the working life of the node. The determination mechanism of local candidate power levels endows the portable nodes with the ability of rapid self-optimization, reduces the computational pressure and communication overhead of the central node, ensures that the power settings of the portable nodes can track the changes in the local channel environment, and has excellent robustness and feasibility in the long-term unattended monitoring scenario in the deep sea. Through the accurate measurement and reporting of the reception rate array, the portable nodes provide a reliable distributed data basis for the global decision-making of the central node, enabling the power configuration of the entire network to take into account local channel differences and global energy efficiency balance.

[0039] As shown Figure 3 in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the relationship between node communication and feedback in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 It shows the timing relationship of test broadcasts, signal reception, and power adjustment instruction feedback between the central node and portable nodes in a star-shaped underwater wireless sensor network. Vertically from top to bottom in the figure are the buoy node, central node, portable node 1, portable node 2, portable node 3, and portable node 4, and horizontally represents the direction of time advancement.

[0040] In the test stage, the central node broadcasts test data packets to each portable node in different transmission power levels in turn. In the figure, test data packets in different transmission power levels are distinguished by different colors. Blue represents the first transmission power level, red represents the second transmission power level, green represents the third transmission power level, orange represents the fourth transmission power level, and pink represents the fifth transmission power level. The central node continuously sends multiple test data packets at each transmission power level, and each portable node receives the test data packets corresponding to the transmission power level through the underwater acoustic propagation path shown by the dotted line. Due to the differences in the distances between each portable node and the central node and the local channel conditions, the number of test data packets received by different portable nodes at the same transmission power level is different, and this difference intuitively reflects the differences in the local channel states of each portable node.

[0041] After receiving the test data packets, the portable nodes measure the signal reception rates at each transmission power level, form a reception rate array, and determine the local candidate power levels accordingly. Subsequently, each portable node feeds back the local measurement results to the central node. In the figure, the feedback data packets sent by the portable nodes to the central node containing the reception rate array and local candidate power level information are represented by light blue data packets on the right, and the arrow direction indicates that the feedback data packets are transmitted upward from the portable nodes to the central node.

[0042] After collecting feedback information from all portable nodes, the central node calculates the sum of the receive rates for each transmit power level and the node selection count. Using the aforementioned triple decision-making rules, it determines the optimal power level and sends power adjustment commands to each portable node. The upper right corner of the diagram indicates that the portable node sends a power array packet based on the power selection result. This signifies that after receiving the optimal power level command, the portable node uses the uniformly adjusted transmit power to transmit data with the central node, thus completing the closed-loop process of periodic power adaptive adjustment.

[0043] The power adjustment device for the underwater wireless sensor network of this application includes the aforementioned central node and the aforementioned portable node, with the central node and the portable node communicatively connected. The specific implementation of the power adjustment device for the underwater wireless sensor network of this application is largely the same as the specific implementation of the power adjustment method for the underwater wireless sensor network described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0044] Reference Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the electronic device of this application.

[0045] The electronic device includes a processor 111, a communication interface 112, a memory 113, and a communication bus 114, wherein the processor 111, the communication interface 112, and the memory 113 communicate with each other through the communication bus 114. Memory 113 is used to store computer programs, such as power adjustment programs for underwater wireless sensor networks; Figure 4 Only an electronic device with components 111-114 is shown; however, it should be understood that it is not required to implement all of the components shown, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.

[0046] In one embodiment of this application, when the processor 111 executes a program stored in the memory 113, it performs the following steps: Test data packets are broadcast to each portable node at multiple transmit power levels to obtain the receive rate array and local candidate power level information fed back by each portable node; The total receiver rate for each transmit power level is calculated based on the receiver rate array, and the node selection count for each transmit power level is counted based on the local candidate power level information. The optimal power level is determined from multiple transmit power levels based on the sum of the receive rates, node selection count, and power level priority. A power adjustment command containing the optimal power level is sent to each portable node so that the portable node can set the transmission power according to the command.

[0047] And / or, perform the following steps: The receiver center node broadcasts test data packets at multiple transmit power levels, and measures the signal reception rate at each transmit power level to obtain a reception rate array; Determine the local candidate power level based on the receiver rate array; Send the receive rate array and local candidate power level information to the central node, and receive the optimal power level instruction issued by the central node; The transmission power is set according to the optimal power setting instruction, and data is transmitted with the central node.

[0048] For a detailed explanation of the above steps, please refer to the above. Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 Description of a flowchart of an embodiment of a power adjustment method for underwater wireless sensor networks.

[0049] Furthermore, this application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium that is both non-volatile and volatile. This computer-readable storage medium is any one or any combination of several of the following: hard disk, multimedia card, SD card, flash memory card, SMC, read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), USB memory, etc. The computer-readable storage medium includes a data storage area and a program storage area. The program storage area stores a power adjustment program for an underwater wireless sensor network. When executed by a processor, the power adjustment program for the underwater wireless sensor network performs the following steps: Test data packets are broadcast to each portable node at multiple transmit power levels to obtain the receive rate array and local candidate power level information fed back by each portable node; The total receiver rate for each transmit power level is calculated based on the receiver rate array, and the node selection count for each transmit power level is counted based on the local candidate power level information. The optimal power level is determined from multiple transmit power levels based on the sum of the receive rates, node selection count, and power level priority. A power adjustment command containing the optimal power level is sent to each portable node so that the portable node can set the transmission power according to the command.

[0050] And / or, perform the following steps: The receiver center node broadcasts test data packets at multiple transmit power levels, and measures the signal reception rate at each transmit power level to obtain a reception rate array; Determine the local candidate power level based on the receiver rate array; Send the receive rate array and local candidate power level information to the central node, and receive the optimal power level instruction issued by the central node; The transmission power is set according to the optimal power setting instruction, and data is transmitted with the central node.

[0051] The specific implementation of the computer-readable storage medium in this application is largely the same as the specific implementation of the power adjustment method for the underwater wireless sensor network described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] It should be noted that the sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, apparatus, article, or method. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, apparatus, article, or method that includes that element.

[0053] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware simulation platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0054] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network, characterized in that, Applied to the central node, the method includes: Test data packets are broadcast to each portable node at multiple transmit power levels to obtain the receive rate array and local candidate power level information fed back by each portable node; The total receiver rate for each transmit power level is calculated based on the receiver rate array, and the node selection count for each transmit power level is counted based on the local candidate power level information. The optimal power level is determined from multiple transmit power levels based on the sum of the receive rates, node selection count, and power level priority. A power adjustment command containing the optimal power level is sent to each portable node so that the portable node can set the transmission power according to the command.

2. The power adjustment method for underwater wireless sensor networks as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the sum of the receive rates for each transmit power level based on the receive rate array includes: Read the receiver rate array fed back by each portable node to obtain the signal receiver rate of each portable node at each transmit power level; The signal reception rates of all portable nodes at the same transmit power level are summed to obtain the total reception rate for each transmit power level.

3. The power adjustment method for underwater wireless sensor networks as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the node selection count for each transmit power level based on local candidate power level information includes: Read the local candidate power profile information fed back by each portable node to obtain the local candidate power profile corresponding to each portable node; For each transmit power level, count the number of portable nodes that are the same as the local candidate power level for that transmit power level, and obtain the node selection count for each transmit power level.

4. The power adjustment method for underwater wireless sensor networks as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the optimal power level from multiple transmit power levels based on the sum of the receive rates, node selection counts, and power level priority includes: Compare the sum of the receiver rates for each transmit power level, and determine the transmit power level with the largest sum of receiver rates as the first candidate power level; Determine if there is a situation where the difference between the sum of the receiver rates of other transmit power levels and the sum of the receiver rates of the first candidate power level is less than a preset threshold. If so, combine the first candidate power level with other transmit power levels to form a set of power levels to be screened. Compare the node selection counts of each transmit power level in the set of power levels to be screened, and determine the transmit power level with the largest node selection count as the second candidate power level; Determine if there are multiple transmit power levels in the set of power levels to be screened that have the same node selection count as the second candidate power level. If so, determine the transmit power level with the lowest power as the optimal power level.

5. The power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If there is no situation where the difference between the sum of the receiver rates of other transmit power levels and the sum of the receiver rates of the first candidate power level is less than a preset threshold, the first candidate power level will be determined as the optimal power level. If there are no multiple transmit power ranges in the set of power ranges to be screened whose node selection count is the same as that of the second candidate power range, then the second candidate power range is determined as the optimal power range.

6. A power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network, characterized in that, Applied to portable nodes, the method includes: The receiver center node broadcasts test data packets at multiple transmit power levels, and measures the signal reception rate at each transmit power level to obtain a reception rate array; Determine the local candidate power level based on the receiver rate array; Send the receive rate array and local candidate power level information to the central node, and receive the optimal power level instruction issued by the central node; The transmission power is set according to the optimal power setting instruction, and data is transmitted with the central node.

7. The power adjustment method for an underwater wireless sensor network as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining the local candidate power level based on the receiver rate array includes: Read the receiver rate array to obtain the signal receiver rate for each transmit power level; Compare the signal reception rates of each transmit power level and determine the transmit power level with the highest signal reception rate; Determine if there is a situation where the signal reception rate is at its maximum for multiple transmit power levels; If it does not exist, the transmit power level with the highest signal reception rate will be determined as the local candidate power level; If it exists, compare the power levels of multiple transmit power levels and determine the transmit power level with the lowest power level as the local candidate power level.

8. A power adjustment device for an underwater wireless sensor network, characterized in that, The device includes the central node as described in claim 1 and the portable node as described in claim 6.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; The processor, when executing a program stored in a memory, implements the power adjustment method of the underwater wireless sensor network according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and / or implements the power adjustment method of the underwater wireless sensor network according to any one of claims 6 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the power adjustment method of the underwater wireless sensor network according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and / or implements the power adjustment method of the underwater wireless sensor network according to any one of claims 6 to 7.

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