A method and related apparatus for rapid networking of multiple low-power Bluetooth peripherals based on delay queue scheduling

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of Internet of Things (IoT) technology and discloses a method and related apparatus for rapid networking of multiple BLE devices based on delay queue scheduling. The method includes: a near-field communication (NFC) card reader module sequentially reading NFC tags corresponding to multiple Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) peripheral devices to be connected; a main control module parsing and obtaining the connection parameters of each BLE peripheral device to generate a list of devices to be connected; generating an ordered connection queue based on the connection parameters; allocating an independent delay time slot to each BLE peripheral device in the ordered connection queue according to a linear recursive delay time slot algorithm, and sending a Bluetooth connection command when the delay time slot is reached; and establishing a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding BLE peripheral device after receiving the time-division multiplexing Bluetooth connection command from the BLE central module. Through the above method, this invention achieves a rapid networking mechanism for BLE peripheral devices to be configured one by one by touch and automatically connected in batches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, and system for rapid networking of multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices based on delay queue scheduling. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of IoT technology in fields such as health monitoring, smart wearables, and industrial sensing, distributed sensing networks composed of multiple Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices have become an important form of data acquisition. In practical applications, it is often necessary to deploy multiple BLE sensor nodes to work collaboratively.

[0003] However, the inventors of this application have discovered that existing Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) multi-connection technologies typically employ the following two methods during multi-device deployment and initial configuration: 1. Concurrent connection method: The central device simultaneously initiates connection requests to multiple peripheral devices. Although this method is theoretically the fastest, in practical applications where a large number of AT commands are sent concurrently on the same serial port channel, it can lead to serial port buffer overflow and command response conflicts, causing connection timeouts or failures.

[0004] 2. Simple polling method: The central device attempts to connect to each device in a fixed order, but the connection interval is fixed and cannot adapt to the differences in response speed of different devices.

[0005] In the above methods, multiple connection requests will queue and accumulate on a single serial port channel, causing serial port buffer overflow. Furthermore, due to the lack of reasonable time planning, connection requests are prone to "congestion" in the serial port transmission queue, leading to command timeouts and initial connection failures for some devices. In addition, existing methods do not adequately consider the connection priorities and response characteristics of different types of devices, affecting the initial connection success rate in multi-device scenarios.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a BLE multi-device connection scheduling method that can avoid single-channel command congestion and improve the success rate of the first connection. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for rapid networking of multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling, which is used to solve the problems of low connection success rate and poor scheduling efficiency caused by concurrency contention and improper scheduling in the existing BLE multi-device connection scheduling scheme.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for rapid networking of multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling is provided, applied to a low-power Bluetooth central device, for enabling the low-power Bluetooth central device to establish Bluetooth connections with multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices in batches; the low-power Bluetooth central device includes a near-field communication card reader module, a main control module, and a low-power Bluetooth central module interconnected with each other; the method includes: The near-field communication card reader module sequentially reads the near-field communication tags corresponding to multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices to be connected, and transmits the tag data to the main control module. The main control module parses the tag data, obtains the connection parameters of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and generates a list of devices to be connected; the connection parameters include the media access control address, device type, signal strength, device name, service universal unique identifier, and data type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device to be connected; The main control module determines the priority of the device type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the connection parameters. The main control module sorts each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the priority of the device type, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order, and generates an ordered connection queue. The main control module allocates an independent delay time slot to each of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices in the ordered connection queue according to the linear recursive delay time slot algorithm, and sends a Bluetooth connection command to the Bluetooth Low Energy central module when the delay time slot corresponding to each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is reached; the linear recursive delay time slot algorithm determines the delay time slot based on the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the order of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device in the ordered connection queue, and the average single-transaction time of a device in serial connection mode. After receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division manner, the Bluetooth Low Energy central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device.

[0009] In one alternative approach, the linear recursive delay slot algorithm is as follows: ; in, Ti It is the first i The latency slot for the low-power Bluetooth peripheral device to initiate a connection. T 0 represents the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, Δ t This represents the average time taken for a single connection to a device in serial connection mode.

[0010] In one alternative approach, after receiving the time-division multiplexing Bluetooth connection command, the Bluetooth Low Energy central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and the method further includes: After each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device establishes a connection with the Bluetooth Low Energy central device in sequence, the Bluetooth Low Energy central device negotiates broadcast period and connection interval parameters with each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device so that each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device sends service data sequentially within a preset joint time window, forming a virtual synchronization frame for the service data output of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device.

[0011] In one optional approach, after receiving the time-division multiplexing Bluetooth connection command, the Bluetooth Low Energy central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, including: Determine whether the connection between the Bluetooth Low Energy central module and the current Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is successful; the current Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is any one of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices to be connected. If the connection is successful, the Bluetooth Low Energy central device and the current Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device negotiate the broadcast period and connection interval parameters so that the current Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device can send service data in the preset joint time window. If the connection fails, record the information that the current Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device connection failed, and wait for a retry.

[0012] In an alternative approach, the method further includes: After all the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices are successfully connected, the main control module receives sensor data uploaded by each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device through the Bluetooth Low Energy central module. The main control module marks and formats the sensor data according to the device type of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device to obtain sensor data frames in a unified format. The main control module outputs the sensor data frames in the unified format.

[0013] In one alternative approach, after receiving the time-division multiplexing Bluetooth connection command, the Bluetooth Low Energy central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and the method further includes: Once the connection of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is successful, the main control module obtains the status information of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, including the connection status of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device and the data traffic statistics of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device. The main control module sends the status information to the management device.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a device for rapid networking of multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling is provided, comprising: The near-field communication card reader module is used to sequentially read the near-field communication tags corresponding to multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices to be connected, and transmit the tag data to the main control module. The main control module is used to parse the tag data, obtain the connection parameters of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and generate a list of devices to be connected. The connection parameters include the media access control address, device type, signal strength, device name, service universal unique identifier, and data type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device to be connected. The main control module is further configured to determine the priority of the device type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the connection parameters; and to sort each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the priority of the device type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order to generate an ordered connection queue. The main control module is also configured to allocate an independent delay time slot to each of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices in the ordered connection queue according to a linear recursive delay time slot algorithm, and send a Bluetooth connection command to the Bluetooth Low Energy central module when the delay time slot corresponding to each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is reached; the linear recursive delay time slot algorithm determines the delay time slot according to the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the order of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device in the ordered connection queue, and the average single-transaction time of a device in serial connection mode; The Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) hub module is used to establish a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding BLE peripheral device after receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division manner.

[0015] In one alternative approach, the linear recursive delay slot algorithm is as follows: ; in, Ti It is the first i The latency slot for the low-power Bluetooth peripheral device to initiate a connection. T 0 represents the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, Δ t This represents the average time taken for a single connection to a device in serial connection mode.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a rapid networking system for multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling is provided, comprising: the system including the aforementioned rapid networking device for multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling, and further including multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices and management devices; The multi-low-power Bluetooth device rapid networking device based on delay queue scheduling establishes batch Bluetooth connections with each of the low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices and sends the status data and service data after connection to the management device.

[0017] This invention utilizes a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) central device interconnected with a near-field communication (NFC) reader module, a main control module, and a BLE central module. The NFC reader module sequentially reads NFC tags corresponding to multiple BLE peripheral devices to be connected and transmits the tag data to the main control module. The main control module parses the tag data to obtain the connection parameters of each BLE peripheral device and generates a list of devices to be connected. Based on the connection parameters of each BLE peripheral device, the main control module generates an ordered connection queue. Using a linear recursive delay time slot algorithm, the main control module allocates an independent delay time slot to each BLE peripheral device in the ordered connection queue and sends a Bluetooth connection command to the BLE central module when the corresponding delay time slot is reached. The linear recursive delay time slot algorithm determines the delay time slot based on the initial connection time of the BLE peripheral device, the order of the BLE peripheral devices in the ordered connection queue, and the average single connection time of a device in serial connection mode. Upon receiving the time-division multiplexing Bluetooth connection command, the BLE central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding BLE peripheral device. This invention divides multi-device deployment into an independent RF touch configuration phase and an automatic batch connection phase. A delayed queue scheduling mechanism is introduced in the connection phase to plan an ordered, non-concurrent connection sequence for the Bluetooth Low Energy central device, fundamentally eliminating command conflicts and serial port congestion. By allocating precise computation time slots to each device in the connection queue, non-concurrent, planned time-sequential scheduling of the connection process is achieved. Furthermore, after a successful connection, different data parsing rules can be automatically matched according to the device type preset in the near-field communication tag to distinguish, label, and aggregate heterogeneous sensor data, ensuring that the data is structured from the beginning and achieving deep coupling between connection scheduling and business scenarios.

[0018] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of the present invention and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the fast networking method for multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the connection timing between the Bluetooth Low Energy central device and each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device in the fast networking method for multiple Bluetooth Low Energy devices based on delay queue scheduling provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for rapid networking of multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling, according to another embodiment of the present invention, is shown. Figure 4 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a fast networking device for multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fast networking system for multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for rapid networking of multiple Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices based on delay queue scheduling, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, is shown. This method is executed by a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) central device and applied to the BLE central device to enable the BLE central device to establish Bluetooth connections with multiple BLE peripheral devices in batches. Figure 4 As shown, the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) central device includes an interconnected near-field communication card reader module, a main control module, and a Bluetooth Low Energy central module. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: Step 110: The near-field communication card reader module sequentially reads the near-field communication tags corresponding to multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices to be connected, and transmits the tag data to the main control module.

[0022] The near-field communication (NFC) card reader module utilizes NFC communication. During the configuration phase, this module sequentially touches and reads the NFC tags corresponding to BLE peripheral devices, obtaining stored connection parameters such as MAC address, device type, and binding status. These Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) peripheral devices can include body suits, flight control gloves, positioning shoes, and flexible battery packs. The body suit is a flexible garment for vital sign monitoring, incorporating multiple physiological sensor modules and a BLE communication chip, and equipped with NFC tags pre-stored with vital sign connection parameters. It continuously collects human ECG, heart rate, respiratory rate, body surface temperature, and attitude acceleration; and uploads the physiological data stream in real-time via BLE to the Bluetooth Low Energy center; it is used for medical monitoring, sports rehabilitation, and early warning of vital signs in industrial personnel. Its device type has the highest priority and is prioritized for connection during network queue sorting, ensuring priority transmission of vital data. The flight control gloves are smart gloves for drone gesture interaction, integrating IMU inertial sensors and tactile vibration feedback units in the fingers and wrist, and carrying BLE and NFC tags. The positioning shoes are intelligent gait positioning shoes, with the insole integrating a pressure sensor, inertial positioning unit, BLE RFID, and NFC tags. The flexible battery pack is an intelligent energy storage and monitoring package for wearable devices, with a flexible lithium battery module integrating a BMS battery management unit, BLE communication, and NFC tags to provide unified power for the entire wearable device.

[0023] In one embodiment of the invention, staff use a near-field communication (NFC) card reader module to sequentially read the NFC tags of four types of low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices to be connected: a body armor, flight control gloves, positioning shoes, and a flexible battery pack. The low-power Bluetooth central device completes BLE networking of all devices through a linear delay queue in a time-sharing manner. The four types of devices synchronously upload multi-source data including physiological, gesture, positioning, and battery data. The low-power Bluetooth central device negotiates a communication window to generate a unified virtual synchronization frame, achieving full-dimensional data synchronous collection of the wearable system.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the near-field communication card reader module may use an ICM810N chip and connect to the main control module via a USB-to-TTL serial port.

[0025] Step 120: The main control module parses the tag data, obtains the connection parameters of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and generates a list of devices to be connected.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, the main control module is an embedded platform (such as ARMLinux) running on a Linux operating system, which undertakes the calculation and control tasks of the core scheduling algorithm. The main control module communicates with the hardware modules of the near-field communication card reader module and the low-power Bluetooth central module through a serial port, and runs the software scheduling logic of this embodiment of the invention.

[0027] The main control module receives tag data reported by the near-field communication card reader module via serial port and parses the connection parameters of each device. These connection parameters include information such as device Media Access Control (MAC) address, device type, signal strength index (RSSI), device name, service universal unique identifier (UUID), and data type, generating an initial unsorted list of devices to be connected.

[0028] Step 130: The main control module determines the priority of the device type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the connection parameters; and sorts each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the priority of the device type, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order to generate an ordered connection queue.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the main control module generates an ordered connection queue based on the connection parameters of each of the low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices and a preset priority.

[0030] Specifically, the connection parameters are the device type of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and the device name or service universal unique identifier.

[0031] The main control module determines the priority of each Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) peripheral device's device type, the signal strength of each BLE peripheral device, and / or the preset deployment order of the BLE peripheral devices based on the connection parameters and preset priorities. The main control module then sorts the BLE peripheral devices according to their device type priority, signal strength, and / or preset deployment order, generating an ordered connection queue.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ordered connection queue can be ordered according to at least one of the following methods: generating the ordered connection queue based on a preset priority according to device type; or, Based on the signal strength (RSSI) of each device, the ordered connection queue is generated by sorting the devices from strongest to weakest; or, The ordered connection queue is generated according to the preset device deployment order.

[0033] Step 140: The main control module allocates an independent delay time slot to each of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices in the ordered connection queue according to the linear recursive delay time slot algorithm, and sends a Bluetooth connection command to the Bluetooth Low Energy central module when the delay time slot corresponding to each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is reached.

[0034] This step is the delay time slot allocation stage. The linear recursive delay time slot algorithm determines the delay time slot based on the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the order of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device in the ordered connection queue, and the average single connection time of a device in serial connection mode.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the linear recursive delay time slot algorithm is as follows: ; in, Ti It is the first i The latency slot for the low-power Bluetooth peripheral device to initiate a connection. T 0 represents the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, Δ t This represents the average connection time for a single device in serial connection mode, which can be adaptively adjusted based on actual system test data. T 0 represents the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, i.e., the initial connection time when the first Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device begins to connect. In this embodiment of the invention, the average connection time can be determined based on historical data and updated in real time during subsequent connections. In another embodiment of the invention, it can also be adaptively updated based on the measured data of the main control module. This is because the hardware radio frequency performance of different models and functions of Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices varies. For example, the factory parameters, radio frequency transmission power, and device sleep / wake-up delays of Bluetooth chips in sports helmets, flight control gloves, positioning shoes, and flexible battery packs are different. At the same time, environmental obstructions and electromagnetic interference can also change the Bluetooth handshake time of a single device. If a fixed average connection time is used, when the actual connection time of a device is greater than the preset average connection time, the connection process of the previous device is not completed, and the main control module sends the next Bluetooth connection command, resulting in command backlog and buffer overflow in the serial port channel, causing connection failure. If the preset average connection time is much greater than the actual connection time, it will cause a large amount of idle waiting time, prolonging the overall networking time and reducing networking efficiency. In this embodiment, after each complete connection of a Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the main control module records the actual time taken from issuing the connection command to receiving the connection success feedback. After continuously collecting the actual connection time of multiple peripheral devices and multiple rounds of networking, the module updates the new single average time by averaging the data to automatically adapt to the average connection response speed of all BLE peripheral devices in the current field.

[0036] When the main control module reaches the delay time slot corresponding to a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) peripheral device, it generates a Bluetooth connection command for that peripheral device and sends it to the BLE central module. This allows the BLE central module to connect to the BLE peripheral device based on the Bluetooth connection command. The Bluetooth connection command is an AT command, i.e., a serial port command.

[0037] By allocating precise computation time slots to each low-power Bluetooth peripheral device in the connection queue, this setup achieves non-concurrent, planned time-sequential scheduling of the connection process. Real-world testing data shows that the total connection duration of the four devices exhibits a strictly cumulative and progressive relationship, directly demonstrating that this method employs a planned serial scheduling strategy. Its strong determinism and high predictability are of significant value for industrial IoT scenarios requiring stable timing.

[0038] Step 150: After receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division manner, the Bluetooth Low Energy central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device.

[0039] In this embodiment, after receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division manner, the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) central module sequentially establishes Bluetooth connections with the corresponding BLE peripheral devices, thereby completing batch connections to all BLE peripheral devices. This invention divides multi-device deployment into independent NFC touch configuration and automatic batch connection phases. A delayed queue scheduling mechanism is introduced in the automatic batch connection phase to plan an ordered, non-concurrent connection sequence for the BLE central device, fundamentally eliminating command conflicts and serial port congestion. Specifically, as... Figure 2 As shown, at time T0, the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) central device sends a Bluetooth connection request to BLE 1, and BLE 1 returns a connection response. At time T0+Δt, the BLE central device sends a Bluetooth connection request to BLE 2, and BLE 2 returns a connection response. At time T0+2Δt, the BLE central device sends a Bluetooth connection request to BLE 3, and BLE 3 returns a connection response. At time T0+3Δt, the BLE central device sends a Bluetooth connection request to BLE 4, and BLE 4 returns a connection response.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, after receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division manner, the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding BLE peripheral device and determines whether the connection between the BLE central module and the current BLE peripheral device is successful; the current BLE peripheral device is any one of the BLE peripheral devices to be connected. If the connection is successful, the BLE central device and the current BLE peripheral device negotiate the broadcast period and connection interval parameters so that the current BLE peripheral device sends service data within a preset joint time window. The service data of multiple BLE devices arrive sequentially within the preset joint time window, thereby forming a virtual synchronization frame for data output, which greatly saves the preprocessing time for subsequent data alignment, etc. If the connection fails, the connection failure information of the current BLE peripheral device is recorded, and a retry is requested. At this point, the connection of four BLE devices is completed, thus completing the batch connection of BLE devices.

[0041] In this embodiment, after each Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) peripheral device establishes a connection with the BLE central device in sequence, the BLE central device negotiates broadcast period and connection interval parameters with each BLE peripheral device. This allows each BLE peripheral device to sequentially send service data within a preset joint time window, forming a virtual synchronization frame for the service data output of each BLE peripheral device. In one embodiment of this invention, the service data is sensor data.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, after all the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) peripheral devices have successfully connected, the main control module receives sensor data uploaded by each BLE peripheral device through the BLE central module. The main control module then tags and formats the sensor data according to the device type of the BLE peripheral device to obtain a unified format sensor data frame. Finally, the main control module outputs the unified format sensor data frame. With this configuration, after a successful connection, the embodiment of the present invention can automatically match different data parsing rules based on the device type preset in the NFC tag to distinguish, tag, and aggregate heterogeneous sensor data. In this field, sensor data is generally unstructured when uploaded, which requires a significant amount of time for data preprocessing to obtain standardized data. However, the method of the embodiment of the present invention ensures that the data is structured from the beginning, achieving deep coupling between connection scheduling and business scenarios.

[0043] Once each of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices has successfully connected, the main control module acquires the status information of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device. The status information includes the connection status of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device and the data traffic statistics of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device. The main control module then sends the status information to the management device.

[0044] This invention utilizes a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) central device interconnected with a near-field communication (NFC) reader module, a main control module, and a BLE central module. The NFC reader module sequentially reads NFC tags corresponding to multiple BLE peripheral devices to be connected and transmits the tag data to the main control module. The main control module parses the tag data to obtain the connection parameters of each BLE peripheral device and generates a list of devices to be connected. Based on the connection parameters of each BLE peripheral device, the main control module generates an ordered connection queue. Using a linear recursive delay time slot algorithm, the main control module allocates an independent delay time slot to each BLE peripheral device in the ordered connection queue and sends a Bluetooth connection command to the BLE central module when the corresponding delay time slot is reached. The linear recursive delay time slot algorithm determines the delay time slot based on the initial connection time of the BLE peripheral device, the order of the BLE peripheral devices in the ordered connection queue, and the average single connection time of a device in serial connection mode. Upon receiving the time-division multiplexing Bluetooth connection command, the BLE central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding BLE peripheral device. This invention divides multi-device deployment into an independent RF touch configuration phase and an automatic batch connection phase. A delayed queue scheduling mechanism is introduced in the connection phase to plan an ordered, non-concurrent connection sequence for the Bluetooth Low Energy central device, fundamentally eliminating command conflicts and serial port congestion. By allocating precise computation time slots to each device in the connection queue, non-concurrent, planned time-sequential scheduling of the connection process is achieved. Furthermore, after a successful connection, different data parsing rules can be automatically matched according to the device type preset in the near-field communication tag to distinguish, label, and aggregate heterogeneous sensor data, ensuring that the data is structured from the beginning and achieving deep coupling between connection scheduling and business scenarios.

[0045] Figure 3 A flowchart of a method for rapid networking of multiple BLE devices based on delay queue scheduling, according to another embodiment of the present invention, is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps: NFC configuration entry stage: The NFC reader module sequentially reads the NFC tags corresponding to multiple BLE devices to obtain the connection parameters of each device. It then checks if there are any unread tags; if so, it continues reading; otherwise, it proceeds to the next stage.

[0046] The connection parameters include device MAC address, device type, device name, service UUID, and data type, forming a list of devices to be connected.

[0047] Device list generation and queue construction phase: Based on the connection parameters, an ordered connection queue is generated.

[0048] Preferably, the ordered connection queue can be ordered according to at least one of the following methods: 1. Generate the ordered connection queue by pre-setting priorities according to device type; 2. Based on the signal strength (RSSI) of each device, sort them from strongest to weakest to generate the ordered connection queue; 3. Generate the ordered connection queue according to the manually preset equipment deployment order.

[0049] Delay time slot allocation phase: Based on the connection queue, delay time slots are allocated to each device in the queue.

[0050] The formula for calculating the delay slot is as follows: T i = T 0+ i ×Δ t here T i It is the first i The delay time slot for each device to initiate a connection T 0 represents the initial connection time, Δ t This represents the average connection time for a single device in serial connection mode, which can be adaptively adjusted based on actual system test data.

[0051] Batch connection phase: The central device initiates Bluetooth connections with each BLE device sequentially according to the connection queue and the delay time slot. If a connection fails, the failure is recorded, and a retry is requested. If a connection succeeds, the data aggregation and output phase begins.

[0052] Data aggregation and output phase: After successful connection, receive and aggregate data sent by each device. Determine if there are any devices remaining in the queue; if not, the process ends.

[0053] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fast networking device for multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling, provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is shown. Figure 4 As shown, the device 400 can be a Bluetooth Low Energy hub device, including: The near-field communication card reader module 410 is used to sequentially read the near-field communication tags corresponding to multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices to be connected, and transmit the tag data to the main control module. The main control module 420 is used to parse the tag data, obtain the connection parameters of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and generate a list of devices to be connected; the connection parameters include the media access control address, device type, signal strength, device name, service universal unique identifier, and data type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device to be connected; The main control module 420 is further configured to determine, based on the connection parameters, the priority of the device type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device; and to sort each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the priority of the device type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order, thereby generating an ordered connection queue. The main control module 420 is further configured to allocate an independent delay time slot to each of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices in the ordered connection queue according to a linear recursive delay time slot algorithm, and send a Bluetooth connection command to the Bluetooth Low Energy central module 430 when the delay time slot corresponding to each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is reached; the linear recursive delay time slot algorithm determines the delay time slot according to the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the order of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device in the ordered connection queue, and the average single-time consumption time of a device in serial connection mode; The Bluetooth Low Energy central module 430 is used to establish a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device after receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division manner.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, the linear recursive delay time slot algorithm is as follows: ; in, Ti It is the first i The latency slot for the low-power Bluetooth peripheral device to initiate a connection. T 0 represents the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, Δ t This represents the average time taken for a single connection to a device in serial connection mode.

[0055] This invention utilizes a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) central device interconnected with a near-field communication (NFC) reader module, a main control module, and a BLE central module. The NFC reader module sequentially reads NFC tags corresponding to multiple BLE peripheral devices to be connected and transmits the tag data to the main control module. The main control module parses the tag data to obtain the connection parameters of each BLE peripheral device and generates a list of devices to be connected. Based on the connection parameters of each BLE peripheral device, the main control module generates an ordered connection queue. Using a linear recursive delay time slot algorithm, the main control module allocates an independent delay time slot to each BLE peripheral device in the ordered connection queue and sends a Bluetooth connection command to the BLE central module when the corresponding delay time slot is reached. The linear recursive delay time slot algorithm determines the delay time slot based on the initial connection time of the BLE peripheral device, the order of the BLE peripheral devices in the ordered connection queue, and the average single connection time of a device in serial connection mode. Upon receiving the time-division multiplexing Bluetooth connection command, the BLE central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding BLE peripheral device. This invention divides multi-device deployment into an independent RF touch configuration phase and an automatic batch connection phase. A delayed queue scheduling mechanism is introduced in the connection phase to plan an ordered, non-concurrent connection sequence for the Bluetooth Low Energy central device, fundamentally eliminating command conflicts and serial port congestion. By allocating precise computation time slots to each device in the connection queue, non-concurrent, planned time-sequential scheduling of the connection process is achieved. Furthermore, after a successful connection, different data parsing rules can be automatically matched according to the device type preset in the near-field communication tag to distinguish, label, and aggregate heterogeneous sensor data, ensuring that the data is structured from the beginning and achieving deep coupling between connection scheduling and business scenarios.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a rapid networking system for multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling is also provided. The system includes the aforementioned rapid networking device for multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling, and further includes multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices and a management device; The multi-low-power Bluetooth device rapid networking device based on delay queue scheduling establishes batch Bluetooth connections with each of the low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices and sends the status data and service data after connection to the management device.

[0057] The algorithms or displays provided herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other device. Various general-purpose systems can also be used in conjunction with the teachings herein. The required structure for constructing such systems is apparent from the above description. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention are not directed to any particular programming language. It should be understood that the content of the invention described herein can be implemented using various programming languages, and the above description of specific languages ​​is for the purpose of disclosing the best mode of implementation of the invention.

[0058] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0059] Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to streamline the invention and aid in understanding one or more of the various aspects of the invention, features of the embodiments of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention. However, this disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim.

[0060] Those skilled in the art will understand that modules in the device of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from that embodiment. Modules, units, or components in the embodiments can be combined into a single module, unit, or component, and can be divided into multiple sub-modules, sub-units, or sub-components. Except where at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device so disclosed. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature serving the same, equivalent, or similar purpose.

[0061] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of the invention and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments, unless otherwise specified, should not be construed as limiting the order of execution.

Claims

1. A method for rapid networking of multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling, characterized in that, This method is applied to a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) hub device, enabling the BLE hub device to establish Bluetooth connections with multiple BLE peripheral devices in batches. The BLE hub device includes an interconnected near-field communication (NFC) card reader module, a main control module, and a BLE hub module. The method includes: The near-field communication card reader module sequentially reads the near-field communication tags corresponding to multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices to be connected, and transmits the tag data to the main control module. The main control module parses the tag data, obtains the connection parameters of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and generates a list of devices to be connected; the connection parameters include the media access control address, device type, signal strength, device name, service universal unique identifier, and data type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device to be connected; The main control module determines the priority of the device type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the connection parameters; and sorts each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the priority of the device type, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order to generate an ordered connection queue. The main control module allocates an independent delay time slot to each of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices in the ordered connection queue according to the linear recursive delay time slot algorithm, and sends a Bluetooth connection command to the Bluetooth Low Energy central module when the delay time slot corresponding to each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is reached; the linear recursive delay time slot algorithm determines the delay time slot based on the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the order of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device in the ordered connection queue, and the average single-transaction time of a device in serial connection mode. After receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division manner, the Bluetooth Low Energy central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear recursive delay time slot algorithm is as follows: ； in, Ti It is the first i The latency slot for the low-power Bluetooth peripheral device to initiate a connection. T 0 represents the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, Δ t This represents the average time taken for a single connection to a device in serial connection mode.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division format, the Bluetooth Low Energy central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device. The method further includes: After each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device establishes a connection with the Bluetooth Low Energy central device in sequence, the Bluetooth Low Energy central device negotiates broadcast period and connection interval parameters with each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device so that each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device sends service data sequentially within a preset joint time window, forming a virtual synchronization frame for the service data output of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Upon receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division manner, the Bluetooth Low Energy central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, including: Determine whether the connection between the Bluetooth Low Energy central module and the current Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is successful; the current Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is any one of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices to be connected. If the connection is successful, the Bluetooth Low Energy central device and the current Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device negotiate the broadcast period and connection interval parameters so that the current Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device can send service data in the preset joint time window. If the connection fails, record the information that the current Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device connection failed, and wait for a retry.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: After all the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices are successfully connected, the main control module receives sensor data uploaded by each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device through the Bluetooth Low Energy central module. The main control module marks and formats the sensor data according to the device type of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device to obtain sensor data frames in a unified format. The main control module outputs the sensor data frames in the unified format.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, After receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division format, the Bluetooth Low Energy central module establishes a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device. The method further includes: Once the connection of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is successful, the main control module obtains the status information of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, including the connection status of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device and the data traffic statistics of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device. The main control module sends the status information to the management device.

7. A device for rapid networking of multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delay queue scheduling, characterized in that, The device includes: The near-field communication card reader module is used to sequentially read the near-field communication tags corresponding to multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices to be connected, and transmit the tag data to the main control module. The main control module is used to parse the tag data, obtain the connection parameters of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and generate a list of devices to be connected. The connection parameters include the media access control address, device type, signal strength, device name, service universal unique identifier, and data type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device to be connected. The main control module is further configured to determine the priority of the device type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the connection parameters; and to sort each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device according to the priority of the device type of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the signal strength of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, and / or the preset device deployment order to generate an ordered connection queue. The main control module is also configured to allocate an independent delay time slot to each of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral devices in the ordered connection queue according to a linear recursive delay time slot algorithm, and send a Bluetooth connection command to the Bluetooth Low Energy central module when the delay time slot corresponding to each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device is reached; the linear recursive delay time slot algorithm determines the delay time slot according to the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, the order of each Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device in the ordered connection queue, and the average single-transaction time of a device in serial connection mode; The Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) hub module is used to establish a Bluetooth connection with the corresponding BLE peripheral device after receiving the Bluetooth connection command issued in a time-division manner.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The linear recursive delay time slot algorithm is as follows: ； in, Ti It is the first i The latency slot for the low-power Bluetooth peripheral device to initiate a connection. T 0 represents the initial connection time of the Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral device, Δ t This represents the average time taken for a single connection to a device in serial connection mode.

9. A rapid networking system for multiple low-power Bluetooth devices based on delayed queue scheduling, characterized in that, The system includes the multi-low-power Bluetooth device fast networking device based on delay queue scheduling as described in claim 7, and also includes multiple low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices and management devices. The multi-low-power Bluetooth device rapid networking device based on delay queue scheduling establishes batch Bluetooth connections with each of the low-power Bluetooth peripheral devices and sends the status data and service data after connection to the management device.

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