A communication method and apparatus

Abstract

A communication method and apparatus are disclosed. The method includes: acquiring a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter, wherein the first parameter indicates the latency requirement of a first service, the second parameter indicates the latency requirement of the first downlink data packet of the first service, and the third parameter determines the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet and the calculation latency of non-first downlink data packets of the first service; further determining a first transmission latency budget based on the second parameter and the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet; and determining a second transmission latency budget based on the first parameter, the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet, and the calculation latency of non-first downlink data packets; and sending the first and second transmission latency budgets to an access network device. Using this method, corresponding transmission latency budgets can be determined for the first downlink data packet and non-first downlink data packets respectively, thereby optimizing the transmission of the first service and meeting the latency requirements of the first service.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, large language models (LLMs) are the core engine of current artificial intelligence technology, playing a particularly important role in the field of general artificial intelligence. The applications of large language models are very broad, including text generation, machine translation question-answering systems, and more.

[0003] When a user initiates an LLM-based service, the LLM response process is divided into two phases: a prefill phase and a decode phase. The prefill phase generates the first token. The decode phase generates subsequent tokens, each based on previously generated tokens.

[0004] LLMs typically have a large parameter scale and complex computational requirements, and local deployment often faces problems such as insufficient hardware resources, high costs, and difficulties in efficient updates and maintenance. Therefore, deploying LLMs in the cloud becomes an ideal choice, as the powerful computing resources of the cloud can efficiently support the operation of LLMs and facilitate real-time updates and optimizations of the model. When deploying LLMs in the cloud, the transmission latency between the terminal and the cloud is an important consideration.

[0005] Based on the above LLM response process, how to meet the latency requirements of services and optimize the service transmission process is a problem worthy of attention. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a communication method and apparatus to meet the latency requirements of services and improve user experience.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method, which is applied to a first network element or a chip in the first network element. The chip in the first network element can be understood as a circuit, chip or chip system in the first network element, or a logic node, logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the first network element. Taking a first network element as the executing entity of this method as an example, the method includes: the first network element acquiring a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter, wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the latency requirement of a first service, the second parameter is used to indicate the latency requirement of the first downlink data packet of the first service, and the third parameter is used to determine the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet and the calculation latency of the non-first downlink data packets of the first service; the first network element determines a first transmission latency budget based on the second parameter and the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet; wherein the first transmission latency budget is the transmission latency budget of the first downlink data packet; and determines a second transmission latency budget based on the first parameter, the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet, and the calculation latency of the non-first downlink data packet; wherein the second transmission latency budget is the transmission latency budget of the non-first downlink data packet; the first network element sends the first transmission latency budget and the second transmission latency budget to the access network device.

[0008] Using the above method, the first network element can determine the corresponding transmission delay budget for the first downlink data packet and the non-first downlink data packets, namely the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget. This allows the access network device to schedule data packets with different transmission delay budgets for different needs, thereby optimizing the transmission of the first service, meeting the latency requirements of the first service, and improving the user experience.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the third parameter includes one or more of the following: first token generation time, non-first token generation speed, or encoding information; wherein the encoding information is used to determine the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet = TTFT + (m-1) / TDS; the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet = m / TDS; where TTFT is the generation time of the first token, TDS is the generation speed of the non-first token, m is the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet, and m is a positive integer.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first parameter indicates the sum of the uplink transmission delay of the first service, the calculation delay of the first service, and the downlink transmission delay of the first service; the second parameter indicates the sum of the uplink transmission delay of the first service, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and the transmission delay of the first downlink data packet; the first transmission delay budget is determined based on one or more of the second parameter, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, the uplink transmission delay of the first service, and the transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path; the second transmission delay budget is determined based on one or more of the first parameter, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet, the uplink transmission delay of the first service, and the transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path.

[0012] In one possible implementation, when acquiring the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter, the first network element receives a first rule from the policy control function network element, the first rule including the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter. Using this design, the first network element can obtain the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter from the policy control function network element.

[0013] In one possible implementation, when acquiring the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter, the first network element receives a first rule from the policy control function network element, the first rule including the first parameter, the second parameter, and first indication information; wherein, the first indication information is used to trigger the user plane function network element to detect the third parameter; based on the first indication information, a second indication information is sent to the user plane function network element, the second indication information being used to instruct the user plane function network element to detect the third parameter; and the third parameter is received from the user plane function network element. With the above design, the first network element can obtain the first parameter and the second parameter from the policy control function network element, and obtain the third parameter from the user plane function network element.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first network element obtains the execution mode of the first service, wherein the execution mode of the first service is that the computing node sends the first downlink data packet during the generation of the second data packet, and the second data packet is a non-first downlink data packet.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first service is executed in a manner that involves cross-execution of the first service with at least one other service.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the first network element sends a third indication message to the user plane function network element. This third indication message instructs the user plane function network element to send a scheduling indication to the access network device upon detecting the first downlink data packet. The scheduling indication is used to indicate the arrival of the first data packet. This design allows for timely triggering of the access network device to activate the first transmission delay budget.

[0017] In one possible implementation, when sending the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget to the access network device, the first network element sends first configuration information and second configuration information to the access network device, wherein the first transmission delay budget is carried through the first configuration information and the second transmission delay budget is carried through the second configuration information.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first network element sends a third transmission delay budget to the access network device, wherein the first transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the third transmission delay budget, and the third transmission delay budget is greater than the first transmission delay budget. With this design, the first network element can provide alternative transmission delay budgets for the access network device, enabling the access network device to flexibly select the transmission delay budget.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the first network element sends a fourth indication message to the access network device, wherein the fourth indication message instructs the access network device to schedule the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget when the first transmission delay budget is not met.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the first network element sends a fourth transmission delay budget to the access network device, wherein the second transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the fourth transmission delay budget, and the fourth transmission delay budget is greater than the second transmission delay budget. With this design, the first network element can provide alternative transmission delay budgets for the access network device, enabling the access network device to flexibly select the transmission delay budget.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the first network element sends a fifth indication message to the access network device; wherein the fifth indication message instructs the access network device to schedule the other downlink data packets, excluding the first downlink data packet, based on the fourth transmission delay budget when the second transmission delay budget is not met.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the first network element obtains multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service; and determines the third transmission delay budget based on the first transmission delay budget and the multiple transmission delay budget estimates.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the first network element obtains multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service; and determines the fourth transmission delay budget based on the second transmission delay budget and the multiple transmission delay budget estimates.

[0024] Secondly, this application provides a communication method applied to an access network device or a chip within the access network device. The chip in the access network device can be understood as a circuit, chip, or chip system within the access network device, or a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network device. Taking the access network device as the executing entity of this method as an example, the method includes: the access network device receiving a first transmission delay budget and a second transmission delay budget from a first network element, wherein the first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget for the first downlink data packet of a first service, and the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget for a non-first downlink data packet of the first service; and receiving data from the first downlink data packet and at least one non-first downlink data packet; the access network device scheduling the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget and scheduling the non-first downlink data packets based on the second transmission delay budget.

[0025] Using the above method, the access network device obtains the corresponding transmission delay budgets for the first downlink data packet and non-first downlink data packets, namely the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget. Then, the access network device can use different transmission delay budgets for different data packets for scheduling, which can optimize the downlink transmission of the first service, meet the latency requirements of the first service, and improve the user experience.

[0026] In one possible implementation, upon receiving the first downlink data packet, the access network device receives a scheduling instruction from a user plane function network element and the first downlink data packet, wherein the scheduling instruction is used to indicate the arrival of the first downlink data packet; when scheduling the first downlink data packet based on a first transmission delay budget, the access network device responds to the scheduling instruction and schedules the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget.

[0027] With the above design, the access network device can determine the currently received downlink data packet as the first downlink data packet based on the scheduling instruction, and trigger the use of the first transmission delay budget to schedule the downlink data packet.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the access network device receives a third transmission delay budget; wherein the first transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the third transmission delay budget, and the third transmission delay budget is greater than the first transmission delay budget; when the first transmission delay budget is not satisfied, the first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the third transmission delay budget. With the above design, the access network device can also schedule the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget when it is determined that scheduling the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget is not possible.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the access network device receives a fourth transmission delay budget; wherein the second transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the fourth transmission delay budget, and the fourth transmission delay budget is greater than the second transmission delay budget; when the second transmission delay budget is not satisfied, the non-first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the fourth transmission delay budget. With this design, the access network device can schedule non-first downlink data packets based on the fourth transmission delay budget when it determines that scheduling based on the second transmission delay budget is not possible.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the access network device receives a fourth indication information; wherein the fourth indication information instructs the access network device to schedule the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget when the first transmission delay budget is not satisfied.

[0031] In one possible implementation, a fifth indication information is received; wherein the fifth indication information instructs the access network device to schedule the non-first downlink data packet based on the fourth transmission delay budget when the second transmission delay budget is not met.

[0032] Thirdly, this application provides a communication method applied to a user plane function network element or a chip within the user plane function network element. The chip in the user plane function network element can be understood as a circuit, chip, or chip system within the user plane function network element, or a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the user plane function network element. Taking the user plane function network element as the executing entity of this method as an example, the method includes: the user plane function network element receiving a downlink data packet; the user plane function network element determining that the downlink data packet is the first downlink data packet of a first service, and sending a scheduling instruction and the first downlink data packet to the access network device, wherein the scheduling instruction is used to indicate the arrival of the first data packet. Using the above method, the user plane function network element can send a scheduling instruction and the first downlink data packet to the access network device upon determining that the first downlink data packet has been received, so that the access network device knows that the currently received downlink data packet of the first service is the first downlink data packet of the first service, thereby triggering the access network device to enable first transmission delay budget scheduling of the first downlink data packet of the first service.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the user plane function network element receives second indication information from a first network element. This second indication information instructs the user plane function network element to detect a third parameter, which is used to determine the computational delay of the first service. The user plane function network element receives a downlink data packet including the third parameter and sends the third parameter to the first network element based on the second indication information. With this design, the user plane function network element can detect the third parameter based on the second indication information and provide the third parameter to the first network element.

[0034] In one possible implementation, a scheduling instruction and the first downlink data packet are sent to the access network device, and the user plane function network element sends the first downlink data packet encapsulated with a first header to the access network device, the first header including the scheduling instruction.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the user plane function element receives third indication information, which instructs the user plane function element to send the scheduling indication to the access network device upon detecting the first downlink data packet; upon detecting the first downlink data packet, the user plane function element sends the scheduling indication to the access network device based on the third indication information. With this design, the user plane function element can send a scheduling indication to the access network device upon detecting the first downlink data packet based on the third indication information.

[0036] Fourthly, this application provides a communication method, which is applied to a policy control function network element or a chip in the policy control function network element. The chip in the policy control function network element can be understood as a circuit, chip or chip system in the policy control function network element, or a logic node, logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the policy control function network element. Taking a policy control function network element as the executing entity of this method as an example, the method includes: the policy control function network element receiving a first parameter and a second parameter, wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the latency requirement of a first service, and the second parameter is used to indicate the latency requirement of the first downlink data packet of the first service; the policy control function network element receiving a third parameter, the third parameter being used to determine the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet and the calculation latency of non-first downlink data packets of the first service, and sending a first rule to a first network element, the first rule including the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter; or, the policy control function network element sending a first rule to the first network element, the first rule including the first parameter, the second parameter, and first indication information; the first indication information being used to trigger a user plane function network element to detect a third parameter, the third parameter being used to determine the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet and the calculation latency of non-first downlink data packets of the first service. Using the above method, the policy control function network element can send the first parameter and the second parameter to the first network element, or the policy control function network element can send the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter to the first network element.

[0037] In one possible implementation, when receiving the third parameter, the policy control function network element receives the third parameter from the application function network element; or receives the third parameter from the computing node.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the policy control function network element receives the execution mode of the first service and sends the execution mode of the first service to the first network element. The execution mode of the first service involves the computing node sending the first downlink data packet during the generation of the second data packet, and the second data packet is a non-first downlink data packet. Using the above design, the policy control function network element can also send the execution mode of the first service to the first network element.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the first service is executed in a manner that involves cross-execution of the first service with at least one other service.

[0040] Fifthly, this application provides a communication method applied to a first network element or a chip within the first network element. The chip in the first network element can be understood as a circuit, chip, or chip system within the first network element, or a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first network element. Taking the first network element as the executing entity of this method as an example, the method includes: the first network element acquiring a third parameter, the third parameter being used to determine the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets of the first service; determining the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets based on the third parameter; and sending the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets to an access and mobility management function network element. Using the above method, the first network element can determine the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets of the first service based on the third parameter, and provide the above information to the access and mobility management function network element.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the third parameter includes one or more of the following: first token generation time, non-first token generation speed, or encoding information; wherein the encoding information is used to determine the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet = TTFT + (m-1) / TDS; the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet = m / TDS; where TTFT is the generation time of the first token, TDS is the generation speed of the non-first token, m is the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet, and m is a positive integer.

[0043] In one possible implementation, when acquiring the third parameter, the first network element receives a first rule from the policy control function network element, the first rule including the third parameter.

[0044] In one possible implementation, when acquiring the third parameter, the first network element receives a first rule from the policy control function network element, the first rule including first indication information; wherein, the first indication information is used to trigger the user plane function network element to detect the third parameter; based on the first indication information, a second indication information is sent to the user plane function network element, the second indication information being used to instruct the user plane function network element to detect the third parameter; and the third parameter is received from the user plane function network element.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the first network element obtains the execution mode of the first service, wherein the execution mode of the first service is that the computing node sends the first downlink data packet during the generation of the second data packet, and the second data packet is a non-first downlink data packet.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the first service is executed in a manner that involves cross-execution of the first service with at least one other service.

[0047] Sixthly, this application provides a communication method applied to an access and mobility management function (AMU) network element or a chip within an AMU network element. The chip within the AMU network element can be understood as a circuit, chip, or chip system within the AMU network element, or a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the AMU network element. Taking an AMU network element as the executing entity of this method as an example, the method includes: calculating the delay of the AMU network element receiving the first downlink data packet of a first service and the calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets of the first service; determining first configuration information based on the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and determining second configuration information based on the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packets; sending the first configuration information and the second configuration information, wherein the first configuration information is used by the terminal to receive the first downlink data packet, and the second configuration information is used by the terminal to receive the non-first downlink data packets. Using the above method, the access and mobility management function network element can determine the first configuration information based on the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and determine the second configuration information based on the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packets. This enables the terminal to receive the first downlink data packet according to the first configuration information and receive the non-first downlink data packets according to the second configuration information, thereby optimizing the transmission of the first service. Through precise DRX control, the terminal can achieve energy saving and increase its service life.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the first configuration information includes one or more of the following: a first period, a first detection duration within the first period, the duration of the first period, the duration for triggering the start of the first period, and an offset corresponding to the first detection duration; the second configuration information includes one or more of the following: a second period, a second detection duration within the second period, the duration of the second period, and an offset corresponding to the second detection duration.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the first period is determined based on the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and the duration for triggering the start of the first period is determined based on one or more of the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, the estimated transmission delay, and the estimated processing delay; wherein, the estimated transmission delay refers to the estimated transmission delay from the computing node to the terminal, and the estimated processing delay refers to the estimated time required for the access and mobility management function network element to determine the first configuration information and the second configuration information from the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packets.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the second cycle can be determined based on the computational delay of non-first downlink data packets.

[0051] Seventhly, this application provides a communication method applied to a terminal or a chip within a terminal, such as a communication module / processing module within the terminal, or a circuit or chip in the terminal responsible for communication functions (e.g., a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip), or a circuit or chip in the terminal responsible for processing functions (e.g., a graphics processing unit (GPU)). Taking the application of this method to a terminal as an example, the method includes: the terminal receiving first configuration information and second configuration information, wherein the first configuration information is used for the terminal to receive the first downlink data packet of a first service, and the second configuration information is used for the terminal to receive non-first downlink data packets of the first service; receiving the first downlink data packet according to the first configuration information, and receiving the non-first downlink data packets according to the second configuration information. Using the above method, the terminal can receive the first downlink data packet according to the first configuration information and receive non-first downlink data packets according to the second configuration information, thereby optimizing the transmission of the first service. Through precise DRX control, energy saving of the terminal can be achieved, increasing the terminal's service life.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the first configuration information includes one or more of the following: a first period, a first detection duration within the first period, the duration of the first period, the duration for triggering the start of the first period, and an offset corresponding to the first detection duration; the second configuration information includes one or more of the following: a second period, a second detection duration within the second period, the duration of the second period, and an offset corresponding to the second detection duration.

[0053] Eighthly, this application provides a communication device that has the function of implementing any one of the first to seventh aspects. For example, the communication device includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the operation involved in any one of the first to seventh aspects. The module, unit, or means can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0054] Ninthly, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of the necessary computer program or instructions for implementing the functions involved in any of the first to seventh aspects. The one or more processors can execute the computer program or instructions, which, when executed, cause the communication device to implement the methods in any possible design or implementation of any of the first to seventh aspects. The interface circuit is used to implement the communication functions within the communication device and / or the communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0055] In one possible design, the processor is used to communicate with other devices or components through the interface circuit.

[0056] In one possible design, the communication device may also include the memory.

[0057] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a communication system comprising one or more of the following: a first network element, an access network device, a user plane function network element, a policy control function network element, an access and mobility management function network element, and a terminal. The first network element is configured to execute the method in any possible design of the first or fifth aspect described above; the access network device is configured to execute the method in any possible design of the second aspect described above; the user plane function network element is configured to execute the method in any possible design of the third aspect described above; the policy control function network element is configured to execute the method in any possible design of the fourth aspect described above; the access and mobility management function network element is configured to execute the method in any possible design of the sixth aspect described above; and the terminal is configured to execute the method in any possible design of the seventh aspect described above.

[0058] In one aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions that, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the possible designs in the first to seventh aspects described above.

[0059] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides a computer program product that, when read and executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the possible designs in the first to seventh aspects described above. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1 This is an architectural diagram of a possible communication system in this application;

[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a possible application scenario in this application;

[0062] Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram illustrating one method of executing a business function in this application;

[0063] Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram illustrating another method of executing a business function in this application;

[0064] Figure 4 A flowchart outlining a communication method provided in this application;

[0065] Figure 5 A flowchart for establishing a service flow based on transmission path one, provided for this application;

[0066] Figure 6 A flowchart for establishing a service flow based on transmission path two provided in this application;

[0067] Figure 7 A service flow transmission flowchart for a first service provided in this application;

[0068] Figure 8 A service flow transmission flowchart for another first service provided in this application;

[0069] Figure 9 A service flow transmission flowchart for yet another first service provided in this application;

[0070] Figure 10 A flowchart outlining another communication method provided in this application;

[0071] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in this application;

[0072] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of another communication device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0073] like Figure 1The diagram shows the architecture of a 5G communication system as defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard. This system includes terminals (e.g., user equipment (UE)), a radio access network (RAN), and a core network (CN). Logically, the core network elements can be divided into user plane and control plane. The control plane is responsible for mobile network management, while the user plane is responsible for service data transmission.

[0074] The terminal, also known as a terminal device, is the entry point for mobile users to interact with the network. It provides basic computing and storage capabilities, displays service windows to the user, and receives user input. The terminal can employ New Radio (NR) technology to establish signal and data connections with the RAN, thereby transmitting control signals and service data to the mobile network. Terminals can include various handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of terminals such as mobile stations (MS), soft terminals, etc., including water meters, electricity meters, and sensors.

[0075] RAN: Deployed close to the terminal, it provides network access for authorized users in a specific area and can determine different quality transmission tunnels to transmit user data based on user level, service requirements, etc. RAN can manage its own resources, make reasonable use of them, provide access services to the terminal on demand, and is responsible for forwarding control signals and user data between the terminal and the core network.

[0076] Core Network: Responsible for maintaining the subscription data of the mobile network, managing the network elements of the mobile network, and providing terminals with functions such as session management, mobility management, policy management, and security authentication. When a terminal attaches, it provides network access authentication; when a terminal makes a service request, it allocates network resources to the terminal; when a terminal moves, it updates network resources for the terminal; when a terminal is idle, it provides a fast recovery mechanism for the terminal; when a terminal detaches, it releases network resources for the terminal; when a terminal has service data, it provides data routing functions, such as forwarding uplink data to the data network; or receiving downlink data from the terminal from the data network and forwarding it to the RAN, which then sends it to the terminal.

[0077] Data network (DN): A data network that provides business services to users. Generally, the client is located at the terminal, and the server is located in the data network. A data network can be a private network, such as a local area network (LAN), an external network not controlled by an operator, such as the Internet, or a dedicated network jointly deployed by operators, such as a network providing IP multimedia core network subsystem (IMS) services.

[0078] The 5G network architecture has restructured the network architecture of next-generation core network equipment. Typically, the control plane uses service-oriented interfaces to provide relevant functions. The control plane and user plane interact via the N4 interface, enabling user policy distribution from the control plane to the user plane and event reporting from the user plane to the control plane. Under the current network architecture, the policy control function network element is responsible for defining, distributing, and updating user policies for user subscriptions. The session management network element is responsible for managing non-session-level management functions such as selecting user plane function network elements, policy distribution, event reporting, heartbeat checks of user plane function network elements, and load reporting of user plane function network elements. The user plane function network elements are responsible for performing service awareness, rule and policy matching, and execution of charging and control policies on user data packets based on the session context and policies established for the terminal by the session management network element.

[0079] The core network's user plane includes user plane function (UPF) network elements; the core network's control plane includes access and mobility management function (AMF) network elements, session management function (SMF) network elements, network exposure function (NEF) network elements, network function repository function (NRF) network elements, unified data management (UDM) network elements, policy control function (PCF) network elements, application function (AF) network elements, and network data analytics function (NWDAF) network elements.

[0080] The core network control plane adopts a service-oriented architecture, and the interaction between control plane network elements uses service calls to replace the point-to-point communication method in the traditional architecture. In the service-oriented architecture, control plane network elements expose services to other control plane network elements for them to call; in point-to-point communication, the communication interface between control plane network elements stores a specific set of messages that can only be used by the control plane network elements at both ends of the interface during communication.

[0081] The following is a brief introduction to the functions of some functional entities in the core network:

[0082] 1. Session Management Function Network Element: Primarily used to control the establishment, modification, and deletion of sessions, and the selection of user plane nodes. In 5G communication, the session management function network element can be an SMF network element. In future communication, the session management function network element can still be an SMF network element, or have other names. This application does not limit this, and it is hereinafter referred to as SMF.

[0083] 2. Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) network elements: These are mainly used to manage user registration, reachability detection, SMF selection, and mobility state transition management, such as the AMF network element in a 5G network. In future communications, the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) network element may still be an AMF network element or have other names; this application does not limit this, and it will be referred to as AMF.

[0084] 3. Network Open Function (NEF) Element: Primarily used to securely expose services and capabilities provided by 3GPP network functions to the outside world, such as third-party, edge computing, and AF elements. In 5G communication, the NEF element can be a network open function. In future communication, the NEF element can still be a network open function, or may have other names. This application does not limit this, and it is hereinafter referred to as NEF.

[0085] 4. A network data analysis function network element, mainly used to provide network data collection and analysis functions based on big data and artificial intelligence technologies. In 5G communication, the network data analysis function network element can be an NWDAF network element. In future communication, the network data analysis function network element can still be an NWDAF network element, or have other names. This application does not limit this, and it is hereinafter referred to as NWDAF.

[0086] 5. Policy Control Function Network Element: Primarily used to provide rules for service data flow and application detection, gating, quality of service (QoS), and flow-based charging control. In 5G communication, the policy control function network element can be a PCF network element. In future communication, the policy control function network element can still be a PCF network element, or it may have other names. This application does not limit this, and it is hereinafter referred to as PCF.

[0087] 6. Unified Data Management Function Network Element: Primarily used for storing user subscription data. In 5G communication, the unified data management function network element can be a UDM network element. In future communication, the unified data management function network element can still be a UDM network element, or have other names. This application does not limit this, and it is hereinafter referred to as UDM.

[0088] 7. Application Function Network Element: Primarily used to interact with the 3GPP core network to provide services, influencing service flow routing, access network capability opening, policy control, etc. In 5G communication, the application function network element can be an AF network element. In future communication, the application function network element can still be an AF network element, or have other names. This application does not limit this, and it is hereinafter referred to as AF.

[0089] 8. User plane function network element: mainly used to implement data packet routing and forwarding. In 5G communication, the user plane function network element can be a user plane function (UPF) network element. In future communication, the user plane function network element can still be a UPF network element, or have other names. This application does not limit this, and it is hereinafter referred to as UPF.

[0090] It is understood that the core network may also include other network elements, and this application does not limit this.

[0091] like Figure 2 The diagram illustrates one possible application scenario of this application. The following is a further explanation... Figure 2 The network elements or nodes involved should be described.

[0092] exist Figure 2 In the RAN, a compute forwarding function can be configured to forward the data streams from the compute plane. The RAN can also be configured with a compute scheduling function, which is used to schedule the data streams from the compute plane in conjunction with communication transmission requirements.

[0093] A far-edge intelligent node (FeIN) is configured with multiple computing applications and corresponding computing resources. The computing applications indicate the computing tasks that the FeIN can support; for example, the FeIN can deploy one or more LLM services. The FeIN can directly interact with other network elements within the core network. Furthermore, the far-edge intelligent node may also be called an intelligent node, or other names; this application does not limit its name.

[0094] The compute management function (CMF) network element is responsible for establishing compute connections and supports the management of compute plane sessions and the selection of FeINs. It is understood that the compute management function network element can be a standalone network element or co-located with other network elements; for example, the CMF network element can be co-located with the SMF.

[0095] exist Figure 2 In this context, the transmission path of a service flow (i.e., the transmission path of downlink data packets) can include the following two types:

[0096] Transmission Path 1: DN (e.g., application server (AS)) — UPF — RAN — UE, where transmission path 1 can also be understood as the transmission path of downlink data packets through the UPF.

[0097] Transmission path two: FeIN-RAN-UE, where transmission path two can also be understood as a transmission path where data packets do not pass through the UPF.

[0098] The following explains the technical concepts involved in this application:

[0099] 1. LLM output response method

[0100] The LLM output response method can also be called the LLM-based business execution method, or the business execution method. Specifically, it can include, but is not limited to, the following two methods:

[0101] First execution mode: When the LLM processes a request from a terminal, the request is used to request the first service. After the LLM outputs all the tokens corresponding to the first service, it packages these tokens and sends them to the terminal. If the LLM needs to process requests from different terminals, the LLM processes the requests in a first-come, first-served order, that is, the requests that arrive first are processed before the requests that arrive later are processed.

[0102] For example, refer to Figure 3ATerminal 2's request arrives at the server later than Terminal 1's request, and the server deploys the corresponding LLM service. The LLM processes Terminal 1's request first, then Terminal 2's request. This first execution method results in Terminal 2's request being processed only after Terminal 1's request has been completed. This significantly increases Terminal 2's time to first token (TTFT), and when Terminal 1 receives the token output by the LLM, the token delivery speed (TDS) may be much greater than Terminal 1's expected experience speed (i.e., Terminal 1's expected TDS). Terminal 1's expected TDS can represent the reading or listening speed of the user using Terminal 1. The fact that the output token's TDS is much greater than Terminal 1's expected TDS can also be understood as the user's reading or listening speed being much slower than Terminal 1's display response speed.

[0103] It is evident that the first execution method described above will not improve the user experience of terminal 1, but will affect the user experience of terminal 2, and will also lead to a waste of network transmission resources.

[0104] The first execution method mentioned above can also be called the first-come-first-served method, or the method of packaging all tokens after they are output.

[0105] The second execution method: When the LLM processes a request, that request is for the first service. The tokens output by the LLM are sufficient to form a data packet and are immediately transmitted to the terminal. If the LLM needs to process requests from different terminals, it can cross-process multiple requests. For example, it can fragment multiple requests and cross-process the fragments of different requests. When a fragment of a request is processed and generates enough tokens to form a data packet, the LLM immediately transmits the data packet to the terminal, without waiting for all fragments of a request to be processed before packaging and sending it to the terminal.

[0106] For example, refer to Figure 3B Terminal 2's request arrived at the server later than Terminal 1's request. This is understandable. Figure 3BThe requests from Terminal 1 and Terminal 2 are both divided into two fragments, which is only an example and not intended to limit this application. The LLM first processes one fragment of Terminal 1's request, generating corresponding tokens. If the number of generated tokens is sufficient to form one or more data packets, these tokens are immediately packaged and sent to Terminal 1. If the number of generated tokens is insufficient to form a data packet, the generated tokens are saved first. Then, it processes one fragment of Terminal 2's request. Similarly, if the number of generated tokens is sufficient to form one or more data packets, these tokens are immediately packaged and sent to Terminal 2. If the number of generated tokens is insufficient to form a data packet, the generated tokens are saved first. Next, it processes the other fragment of Terminal 1's request. If there are unsent tokens in the previous fragment, they are packaged together with the newly generated token and sent to Terminal 1. If there are no unsent tokens in the previous fragment, the newly generated token is packaged and sent to Terminal 1. Then, it processes the other fragment of Terminal 2's request. If there are unsent tokens in the previous fragment, they are packaged together with the newly generated token and sent to Terminal 2. If there are no unsent tokens in the previous fragment, the newly generated token is packaged and sent to Terminal 2. By adopting the second execution method, the TTFT of terminal 2 can be greatly reduced compared with the TTFT of terminal 2 in the first execution method. Although the TDS of the output token of terminal 1 is reduced by adopting the second execution method, the TDS can still reach the expected TDS of terminal 1. That is, the reading or listening speed of the user using terminal 1 is equal to or slightly slower than the display reply speed of terminal 1.

[0107] The second execution method described above can also be called the process-while-sending method.

[0108] Furthermore, if the computing node processes the first service, the execution method for the first service is the second execution method. The computing node generates the first downlink data packet for the first service. While generating the second data packet, the computing node sends the first downlink data packet. The second data packet consists of all other downlink data packets in the first service besides the first downlink data packet. Additionally, while generating the third data packet, the computing node sends the second data packet. Both the second and third data packets belong to the category of other downlink data packets in the first service besides the first downlink data packet. The second data packet is generated before the third data packet, and so on. In other words, the computing node generates and sends data packets simultaneously; while generating a new data packet, it also sends the already generated data packets.

[0109] 2. TTFT and the time per output token (TPOT) for a single token that is not the first output token.

[0110] TTFT represents the duration of the pre-filling phase, which is the time required to generate the first token (i.e., the first token). TPOT represents the average time required to generate a token (excluding the first token), which is the average time required to generate any token other than the first token.

[0111] In this context, a token refers to the smallest semantic unit of text in a large language model (LLM). It can be a complete word, a portion of a word, or even a punctuation mark or space. When processing text, LLM breaks down the input sentence into tokens, which are the basic units for the model to understand and generate language. Different models may employ their own segmentation methods, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0112] 3. TDS

[0113] Similar to TPOT, TDS refers to the rate at which tokens are output during the decoding phase. Alternatively, TDS can be understood as the number of tokens generated per unit of time, typically expressed as the number of tokens generated per second. It reflects the model's throughput during the decoding phase, i.e., the speed at which the model generates text.

[0114] For example, in the first execution mode, if the number of tokens corresponding to the first service is P, and the total time from generating the first token to the last token in the decoding phase is T, then the TDS of the first service is (P-1) / T, where P is an integer greater than 1.

[0115] In the second execution mode, if multiple services are executed in an overlapping manner, the LLM model generates a total of Q tokens, where Q is the sum of the number of tokens for multiple services. The total time for the LLM model to generate Q tokens is T. If the number of tokens corresponding to the first service is P, and the time required to generate the first token of the first service is T1, then the TDS of the first service is (P-1) / (T-T1), where P and Q are positive integers, and Q > P. The first service is one of the multiple services.

[0116] 4. First Business

[0117] Generating the token corresponding to the first service involves two stages: the first stage and the second stage. The first stage generates the first token, and the second stage generates subsequent tokens. The first stage is the pre-filling stage, and the second stage is the decoding stage.

[0118] For example, the first service in this application can be understood as computing service, or LLM-based service, etc., and this application does not limit it.

[0119] 5. First parameter

[0120] The first parameter is used to indicate the latency requirement of the first service. For example, the first parameter may also be called the total latency of the first service, or the total quality of experience (QoE) latency of the first service; this application does not limit its name.

[0121] For example, the first parameter can indicate the sum of the uplink transmission delay, the computation delay, and the downlink transmission delay of the first service. The uplink transmission delay of the first service can be understood as the sum of the transmission delays of the uplink data packets of the first service, or the total transmission time from the terminal sending uplink data packets to the computing node receiving all uplink data packets. The downlink transmission delay of the first service is the sum of the transmission delays of the downlink data packets of the first service, or the total transmission time from the computing node sending downlink data packets to the terminal receiving all downlink data packets. The computation delay of the first service is the time required to generate downlink data packets; for details, please refer to the relevant description in the third parameter below.

[0122] 6. Second parameter

[0123] The second parameter is used to indicate the latency requirement of the first downlink data packet of the first service, or the QoE latency that the terminal expects to receive the first data packet. It is understood that the second parameter mainly addresses scenarios where the first service is executed in the second execution mode. This is because, in the first execution mode, all tokens for the first service are generated before being packaged and sent, thus there is no need to distinguish between the latency requirements of the first downlink data packet and those of non-first downlink data packets. Furthermore, in some possible embodiments, the second parameter can also be used to implicitly indicate that the first service is executed in the second execution mode.

[0124] For example, the second parameter may indicate the uplink transmission delay of the first service, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and the sum of the transmission delays of the first downlink data packet. The uplink transmission delay of the first service can be referred to the relevant description in the first parameter above, and the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet can be referred to the relevant description in the third parameter below.

[0125] 7. Third parameter

[0126] The third parameter is used to determine the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets. Here, "non-first downlink data packet" refers to any one of the other downlink data packets (or remaining downlink data packets) besides the first one, and the calculation delay of a non-first data packet refers to the calculation delay of a single non-first data packet. Alternatively, the third parameter can be used to calculate the delay of each downlink data packet in the first service, or the sum of the calculation delays of all downlink data packets in the first service, etc.

[0127] For example, the third parameter includes one or more of the following: the first token generation time, the non-first token generation speed, or encoding information; wherein the encoding information is used to determine the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet. Each of the above parameters is relevant to the first service, and the values ​​of these parameters may differ for different services. Furthermore, the third parameter may also include the execution method of the first service.

[0128] The following examples illustrate possible applications of the third parameter:

[0129] Example 1: If the execution mode of the first service is the first execution mode, the calculation delay of the first service (that is, the time to generate downlink data packets) = TTFT + (n-1) / TDS; where TTFT is the first token generation time, TDS is the non-first token generation speed, n is the number of tokens generated by the first service (or the total number of tokens of the first service), and n is a positive integer.

[0130] Example 2: If the execution mode of the first service is the second execution mode, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet of the first service = TTFT + (m-1) / TDS; the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet = m / TDS;

[0131] Where TTFT is the first token generation time, TDS is the non-first token generation speed, m is the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet, m is a positive integer, and n is the number of tokens generated for the first service (or the total number of tokens for the first service), n is a positive integer.

[0132] The computational delay of the first service (i.e., the time to generate downlink data packets) = TTFT + (m-1) / TDS + m / TDS.

[0133] For example, a computing node can provide computing power for a first service to a terminal. The terminal sends one or more uplink data packets to the computing node, and the total transmission time of the one or more uplink data packets sent by the terminal to the computing node is the uplink transmission delay of the first service. The computing node inputs the received one or more uplink data packets into the LLM providing the first service. The computation delay of the first service varies depending on its execution method; see Examples 1 and 2 above for details. Furthermore, the computing node can send one or more downlink data packets to the terminal, and the total transmission time of the one or more downlink data packets sent by the computing node to the terminal is the downlink transmission delay of the first service.

[0134] 8. Discontinuous reception (DRX) mechanism

[0135] The DRX mechanism is a timer-based power-saving technology for terminal devices, primarily extending battery life by allowing the terminal to enter a sleep state when inactive. The specific principle is as follows: During the DRX cycle, the terminal periodically wakes up to check for new downlink data packets. By skipping most of the channel monitoring time, the terminal can achieve a higher sleep ratio, thereby saving power.

[0136] Currently, when LLMs deployed on compute nodes process computational tasks, the computation latency is typically defined as the maximum possible value. This coarse-grained definition of computation latency fails to accurately describe the LLM's computational task processing process and does not reflect the difference in computation latency between the pre-filling and decoding phases. Furthermore, the impact of different execution methods on computation latency is not considered.

[0137] Based on this, this application provides several communication methods to meet the latency requirements of services and optimize the service transmission process. The following embodiments illustrate the interaction process between various execution entities. The execution entities involved in these embodiments include a terminal, a first network element, a policy control function network element (e.g., PCF), an access and mobility management function network element (e.g., AMF), a user plane function network element (e.g., UPF), a computing node, and access network equipment. The first network element can be the aforementioned CMF, or other network elements or modules with the functions involved in the following methods; this application does not limit its scope. The computing node can be an AS or FeIN, etc. Furthermore, the computing node can also be other nodes, network elements, or modules that provide services to the terminal; this application does not limit its scope either.

[0138] like Figure 4 As shown, this application provides a communication method, which includes the following steps:

[0139] Step 400: The first network element obtains the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter.

[0140] The first parameter indicates the latency requirement of the first service, the second parameter indicates the latency requirement of the first downlink data packet of the first service, and the third parameter is used to determine the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet and the calculation latency of non-first downlink data packets. For details, please refer to the above-mentioned content, which will not be repeated here.

[0141] For example, the first network element may obtain the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter in, but is not limited to, the following ways:

[0142] In method A, the first network element receives the first, second, and third parameters from the policy control function network element. Furthermore, the first network element can also receive the execution mode of the first service from the policy control function network element.

[0143] For example, the policy control function network element can obtain the terminal's subscription data from the unified data management function network element (e.g., UDM). The terminal's subscription data may include a first parameter, a second parameter, and the execution method of the first service. See below for details. Figure 5 or Figure 6 The illustrated embodiment. The policy control function network element can also obtain third parameters from the computing node, as detailed below. Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment. Exemplarily, in the following... Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, if the computing node is AS, the computing node can send the third parameter to the application function network element (e.g., AF), and then the application function network element sends the third parameter to the policy control function network element. If the computing node is FeIN, the computing node can directly send the third parameter to the policy control function network element.

[0144] It is understandable that if the terminal's contract data includes the execution method of the first service, and the third parameter also includes the execution method of the first service, and the execution methods indicated by the two are different, then the execution method of the first service in the third parameter has a higher priority than the execution method of the first service in the terminal's contract data.

[0145] The first parameter, the second parameter, the third parameter, and the execution method of the first service can be carried in one message or in multiple messages; this application does not limit this.

[0146] For example, the first network element receives a first rule from the policy control function network element. The first rule includes a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter. Optionally, the first rule also indicates the execution method of the first service.

[0147] For example, the first network element receives a first rule from the policy control function network element, the first rule including a first parameter and a second parameter, and receives a second rule from the policy control function network element, the second rule including a third parameter. Optionally, the first rule and / or the second rule may also indicate the execution mode of the first service.

[0148] Method A can also be further explained in the following details. Figure 4 The relevant content of the illustrated embodiment.

[0149] Method B: The first network element receives a first rule from the policy control function network element. The first rule includes a first parameter, a second parameter, and first indication information. The first indication information is used to trigger the user plane function network element to detect a third parameter. For example, the policy control function network element can obtain the terminal's subscription data from the unified data management function network element. The terminal's subscription data may include the first parameter, the second parameter, and the execution method of the first service. See below for details. Figure 5The illustrated embodiment further illustrates this. The first network element sends second indication information to the user plane function network element based on the first indication information. This second indication information instructs the user plane function network element to detect the third parameter. For example, the second indication information can be carried in a detection rule update message. The user plane function network element can detect whether the received data packet includes the third parameter based on the second indication information, and after obtaining the third parameter, sends it to the first network element. For example, a data packet including the third parameter may not include downlink data packets of the first service; that is, the payload portion of the data packet can be empty, and the packet header includes the third parameter.

[0150] It is understandable that if the first rule includes the execution method of the first business, the third parameter includes the execution method of the first business, and the execution methods indicated by the two are different, then the execution method of the first business in the third parameter has a higher priority than the execution method of the first business in the first rule.

[0151] Step 410: The first network element determines a first transmission delay budget based on the second parameter and the calculated delay of the first downlink data packet, and determines a second transmission delay budget based on the first parameter, the calculated delay of the first downlink data packet, and the calculated delay of non-first downlink data packets. The first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget for the first downlink data packet, and the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget for non-first downlink data packets.

[0152] For example, the first transmission delay budget is determined based on one or more of the second parameter, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, the uplink transmission delay of the first service, and the transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path. Furthermore, the first transmission delay budget may also be determined in combination with other parameters, which this application does not limit.

[0153] For example, the first transmission delay budget = the duration indicated by the second parameter - the computation delay of the first downlink data packet - the uplink transmission delay of the first service. In this case, the first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet from the computing node to the terminal.

[0154] For example, the first transmission delay budget = duration indicated by the second parameter - computation delay of the first downlink data packet - uplink transmission delay of the first service - transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path (i.e., transmission delay from the computing node to the user plane functional network element). In this case, the first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet from the user plane functional network element to the terminal, and this first transmission delay budget applies to... Figure 2 The scenario of transmission path one.

[0155] For example, the first transmission delay budget = duration indicated by the second parameter - calculation delay of the first downlink data packet - uplink transmission delay of the first service - transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path (i.e., transmission delay from the computing node to the user plane functional network element) - transmission delay from the user plane functional network element to the access network device. In this case, the first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet from the access network device to the terminal, and this first transmission delay budget applies to... Figure 2 The scenario of transmission path one.

[0156] For example, the first transmission delay budget = duration indicated by the second parameter - calculation delay of the first downlink data packet - uplink transmission delay of the first service - transmission delay from the computing node to the access network device. In this case, the first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet from the access network device to the terminal, and this first transmission delay budget applies to... Figure 2 Scenarios involving transmission path one and transmission path two.

[0157] For example, the second transmission delay budget is determined based on one or more of the first parameter, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, the calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets, the uplink transmission delay of the first service, and the transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path. Furthermore, the second transmission delay budget may also be determined in combination with other parameters, which is not limited in this application.

[0158] For example, the second transmission delay budget = duration indicated by the first parameter - calculation delay of the first downlink data packet - calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets - uplink transmission delay of the first service. In this case, the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of non-first downlink data packets from the computing node to the terminal.

[0159] For example, the second transmission delay budget = duration indicated by the first parameter - calculation delay of the first downlink data packet - calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets - uplink transmission delay of the first service - transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path. In this case, the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget for non-first downlink data packets from the user plane functional network element to the terminal, and this second transmission delay budget applies to... Figure 2 The scenario of transmission path one.

[0160] For example, the second transmission delay budget = duration indicated by the first parameter - calculated delay of the first downlink data packet - calculated delay of non-first downlink data packets - uplink transmission delay of the first service - transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path - transmission delay from the user plane function network element to the access network device. In this case, the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget for non-first downlink data packets from the access network device to the terminal, and this second transmission delay budget applies to... Figure 2 The scenario of transmission path one.

[0161] For example, the second transmission delay budget = duration indicated by the first parameter - calculation delay of the first downlink data packet - calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets - uplink transmission delay of the first service - transmission delay from the computing node to the access network device. In this case, the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget for non-first downlink data packets from the computing node to the terminal, and this second transmission delay budget applies to... Figure 2 Scenarios involving transmission path one and transmission path two.

[0162] Step 420: The first network element sends a first transmission delay budget and a second transmission delay budget to the access network device. Correspondingly, the access network device receives the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget from the first network element.

[0163] For example, the first network element can send first configuration information and second configuration information to the access network device, wherein the first transmission delay budget is carried through the first configuration information and the second transmission delay budget is carried through the second configuration information.

[0164] For example, the first configuration information can be an alternative QoS profile, and the second configuration information can be a QoS profile.

[0165] For example, the first configuration information and the second configuration information can be two quality of service configuration information, or two fields in a single service configuration information.

[0166] Step 430: The access network device receives the first downlink data packet and at least one non-first downlink data packet, schedules the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget, and schedules the non-first downlink data packets based on the second transmission delay budget.

[0167] The following describes step 430 using two possible implementation methods:

[0168] Possible implementation 1: The access network device receives the first downlink data packet and at least one non-first downlink data packet from the user plane function network element. For example, the transmission path of the downlink data packet at this time is... Figure 2 The first transmission path. Correspondingly, the service flow establishment process for the first service can be referenced as follows: Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, when the first network element selects UPF, the transmission path of the downlink data packet is as follows: Figure 2 Transmission path one.

[0169] In some possible embodiments, the access network device can determine whether the received downlink data packet is the first downlink data packet based on the packet header. If the currently received downlink data packet is the first downlink data packet, the first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the first transmission delay budget, and each subsequent non-first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the second transmission delay budget.

[0170] In other possible embodiments, when the first service is executed in the second execution mode, the first network element may also send a third indication information to the user plane function network element. This third indication information instructs the user plane function network element to send a scheduling indication to the access network device upon detecting the first downlink data packet. The scheduling indication is used to indicate the arrival of the first data packet. Alternatively, the scheduling indication may trigger the access network device to enable the first configuration information or the first transmission delay budget. For example, the scheduling indication can be carried in the header of the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunneling Protocol-User Plane (GTP-U). Further, the access network device receives the scheduling indication and the first downlink data packet from the user plane function network element. In response to the scheduling indication, it schedules the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget, and enables the second service configuration information or schedules it based on the second transmission delay budget for all subsequent downlink data packets received (excluding the first one). Therefore, by sending a scheduling indication to the access network device, the user plane function network element can enable the access network device to schedule the first downlink data packet in a timely manner.

[0171] Possible implementation 2: The access network device receives the first downlink data packet and at least one non-first downlink data packet from the computing node. For example, the transmission path of the downlink data packet in this case is... Figure 2 The second transmission path. Correspondingly, the service flow establishment process for the first service can be referenced as follows: Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, when the first network element selects FeIN, the transmission path of the downlink data packet is as follows: Figure 2 The second transmission path in the process.

[0172] In some possible embodiments, the access network device can determine whether the received downlink data packet is the first downlink data packet based on the packet header. If the currently received downlink data packet is the first downlink data packet, the first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the first transmission delay budget, and each subsequent non-first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the second transmission delay budget.

[0173] In other possible embodiments, when the first service is executed in the second execution mode, the access network device receives a scheduling instruction and the first downlink data packet from the computing node. In response to the scheduling instruction, it schedules the first downlink data packet based on a first transmission delay budget, and enables the second service configuration information or schedules it based on a second transmission delay budget for all subsequent downlink data packets received that are not the first one. Therefore, the computing node sending a scheduling instruction to the access network device enables the access network device to schedule the first downlink data packet in a timely manner.

[0174] Therefore, the first network element can configure two different transmission delay budgets for the access network equipment for the first service, one for the first downlink data packet and one for non-first downlink data packets, enabling more granular QoS configuration. Correspondingly, the access network equipment can schedule different data packets using different transmission delay budgets, optimizing the transmission of the first service, meeting its latency requirements, and improving user experience.

[0175] Furthermore, in some possible embodiments, the first network element can also obtain multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service. For example, a computing node can provide multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service, such as providing one or more transmission delay budget estimates for the first downlink data packet and one or more downlink transmission delay estimates for subsequent downlink data packets.

[0176] For example, the computing node can determine the round-trip time (RTT) of the first historical downlink data packet and the RTT of subsequent historical downlink data packets based on historical interaction information between the terminal and the computing unit. Further, based on the RTT of the first historical downlink data packet, it can determine one or more transmission delay budget estimates corresponding to the first downlink data packet. For example, the one or more transmission delay budget estimates corresponding to the first downlink data packet may include half the RTT of the first historical downlink data packet, or half the RTT of the first historical downlink data packet plus or minus a preset offset, etc. Similarly, the computing node can also determine one or more transmission delay budget estimates corresponding to the first downlink data packet based on the RTT of subsequent historical downlink data packets, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0177] After obtaining multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service, the first network element determines a third transmission delay budget based on the first transmission delay budget and the multiple transmission delay budget estimates, and sends the third transmission delay budget to the access network equipment. The first transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the third transmission delay budget, and the third transmission delay budget is greater than the first transmission delay budget.

[0178] When the first transmission delay budget is not met, meaning the access network device cannot guarantee the first transmission delay budget for the first downlink data packet, the access network device can schedule the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget. Optionally, the first network element can also send a fourth indication message to the access network device, wherein the fourth indication message instructs the access network device to schedule the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget when the first transmission delay budget is not met.

[0179] For example, the first network element determines a third transmission delay budget based on a first transmission delay budget and one or more transmission delay budget estimates corresponding to the first downlink data packet. The third transmission delay budget is one of the one or more transmission delay budget estimates corresponding to the first downlink data packet. For instance, assuming that the one or more transmission delay budget estimates corresponding to the first downlink data packet include 100ms, 110ms, and 120ms, and the first transmission delay budget is 103ms, then the first network element can determine the third transmission delay budget to be 110ms or 120ms based on the above. Assuming the third transmission delay budget is 110ms, if the access network device cannot guarantee scheduling the first downlink data packet based on 103ms, it can schedule the first downlink data packet based on 110ms.

[0180] Similar to the first transmission delay budget, the first network element can also determine a fourth transmission delay budget based on the second transmission delay budget and multiple transmission delay budget estimates, and send the fourth delay budget to the access network device. The second transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the fourth transmission delay budget, and the fourth transmission delay budget is greater than the second. When the second transmission delay budget is not satisfied, i.e., the access network device cannot guarantee the second transmission delay budget for non-first downlink data packets, the access network device can schedule the first downlink data packet based on the fourth transmission delay budget. Optionally, the first network element can also send a fifth indication message to the access network device, wherein the fifth indication message instructs the access network device to schedule non-first downlink data packets based on the fourth transmission delay budget when the second transmission delay budget is not satisfied.

[0181] For example, the aforementioned third transmission delay budget and / or fourth transmission delay budget can also be carried through alternative quality of service configuration information.

[0182] Furthermore, the aforementioned third and fourth transmission delay budgets can also be determined by the first network element itself. For example, after determining the first and second transmission delay budgets, the first network element determines the third transmission delay budget based on the first transmission delay budget and the first offset, and determines the fourth transmission delay budget based on the second transmission delay budget and the second offset. It is understood that this application does not limit the specific methods of obtaining or determining the aforementioned third and fourth transmission delay budgets.

[0183] The following describes the above in conjunction with specific embodiments. Figure 4 The illustrated embodiment will be used for explanation.

[0184] Before introducing the specific implementation of the communication method provided in this application, the following first describes the service flow establishment process of the first service (also known as the computing plane connection establishment process), which is as follows: Figures 7 to 10 The business flow establishment process for the first business has been omitted in all of them.

[0185] like Figure 5 The following is the process for establishing a service flow based on transmission path one:

[0186] S501, The terminal sends a computing plane connection request to the AMF.

[0187] For example, the computing plane connection request is used to establish a computing plane connection for the first service. The computing plane connection request includes the identifier of the terminal and the identifier of the first service. In addition, the computing plane connection request may also include other content, which is not limited in this application. For example, the computing plane connection request may also include the data network name (DNN) and single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI), etc.

[0188] S502 and AMF forward the computing plane connection request to the first network element.

[0189] S503, the first network element sends a policy association request to the PCF.

[0190] For example, the policy association request includes the identifier of the terminal and the identifier of the first service.

[0191] S504, PCF sends a contract data retrieval request to UDM.

[0192] For example, the contract data acquisition request is used to request the contract data of the terminal, and the contract data request includes the identifier of the terminal and the identifier of the first service.

[0193] S505 and UDM send the terminal's subscription data to PCF.

[0194] For example, UDM queries the terminal's subscription data based on the terminal's identifier and the identifier of the first service, and sends the terminal's subscription data to PCF.

[0195] In one possible implementation, if the execution mode of the first service is a first execution mode, the terminal's subscription data includes a first parameter. Optionally, the terminal's subscription data also includes the execution mode of the first service.

[0196] In another possible implementation, if the execution method of the first service is the second execution method, the terminal's subscription data includes the first parameter and the second parameter. Optionally, the terminal's subscription data also includes the execution method of the first service.

[0197] Furthermore, it is understood that the terminal's contract data may also include other content, which is not limited in this application.

[0198] S506, PCF sends a policy association response to the first network element.

[0199] Optionally, the policy-related response may include a first rule. If the execution method of the first service is a first execution method, the first rule includes a first parameter; optionally, the first rule also includes the execution method of the first service. If the execution method of the first service is a second execution method, the first rule includes a first parameter and a second parameter; optionally, the first rule also includes the execution method of the first service.

[0200] It is understood that the first rule may also include other content, and this application does not limit this. For example, the first rule may be a policy and charging control rule (PCC).

[0201] S507, the first network element is selected as UPF.

[0202] For example, the first network element can select the UPF based on DNN and S-NSSAI.

[0203] S508, the first network element sends an N4 session establishment request to the UPF.

[0204] S509 and UPF send an N4 session establishment response to the first network element.

[0205] S510, the first network element sends a computing plane connection response to the AMF.

[0206] S511, AMF forwards the compute plane connection response to the terminal.

[0207] The terminal determines that the computing plane connection for the first service has been successfully established based on the received computing plane connection response. The terminal can then initiate the first service by sending uplink data packets for that service to the computing node (e.g., AS).

[0208] like Figure 6 The following is the process for establishing a service flow based on transmission path two:

[0209] S601 to S606 can be referred to as S501 to S506 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0210] S607, the first network element is selected as FeIN.

[0211] For example, the first network element can select FeIN based on DNN and S-NSSAI.

[0212] S608, the first network element sends computing plane configuration information to FeIN.

[0213] S609 and FeIN send a computing plane configuration response to the first network element.

[0214] S610, the first network element sends a computing plane connection response to the AMF.

[0215] S611, AMF forwards the compute plane connection response to the UE.

[0216] The terminal determines that the computing plane connection for the first service has been successfully established based on the received computing plane connection response. The terminal can then initiate the first service by sending uplink data or uplink data packets to the computing node (e.g., FeIN).

[0217] like Figure 7 The diagram shows the service flow transmission process for a first-class service.

[0218] S701, The terminal sends an uplink data packet to the computing node.

[0219] For example, in the above Figure 5 or Figure 6 Following the process shown, the terminal sends uplink data packets to the computing node.

[0220] Optionally, the header or payload of the uplink data packet may carry first request information, which is used to request the compute node to provide a third parameter to the PCF.

[0221] S702, the compute node sends the third parameter to the PCF.

[0222] For example, the computing node sends a third parameter to the PCF based on the first request information.

[0223] For example, if the computing node is AS, the computing node sends the third parameter to the application function network element (e.g., AF) according to the first request information, and then the application function network element sends the third parameter to the PCF (wherein, the application function network element is not shown). If the computing node is FeIN, the computing node directly sends the third parameter to the PCF according to the first request information.

[0224] S703, PCF sends the first rule to the first network element.

[0225] It is understandable that if in the above S506 or S606, the PCF has sent the first rule to the first network element, and the first rule includes the first parameter and the second parameter, then the PCF sends the second rule to the first network element, and the second rule includes the third parameter.

[0226] If PCF does not send the first rule to the first network element in S506 or S606 above, then PCF sends the first rule to the first network element at this time. The first rule at this time includes the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter.

[0227] S704, the first network element determines the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget.

[0228] For example, after obtaining the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter, the first network element can determine the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget based on the above step 410. The first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet, and the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the non-first downlink data packet. For details, please refer to the above-mentioned content, which will not be repeated here.

[0229] S705, the first network element sends the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget to the access network equipment.

[0230] The following describes the downlink data packet transmission process using both transmission mode one and transmission mode two. Steps S706A to S712A below correspond to transmission mode one.

[0231] S706A, the first network element sends the third instruction information to the UPF.

[0232] For example, the third instruction information instructs the UPF to send a scheduling instruction to the access network device when the first downlink data packet is detected.

[0233] S707A, the compute node sends the first downlink data packet to the UPF.

[0234] For example, the compute node inputs the uplink data packet received in step 701 into the LLM providing the first service. If the execution mode of the first service is the second execution mode, the LLM outputs the token included in the first downlink data packet and immediately sends the first downlink data packet. At the same time as the compute node sends the first downlink data packet, the LLM continues to output the token included in the second downlink data packet.

[0235] The S708A and UPF send scheduling instructions and the first downlink data packet to the access network equipment.

[0236] The scheduling instruction is used to indicate the arrival of the first data packet. Alternatively, the scheduling instruction is used to trigger the access network device to activate the first transmission delay budget.

[0237] S709A, the access network equipment schedules the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget.

[0238] For example, the access network device determines the time-frequency resources for transmitting the first downlink data packet based on a first transmission delay budget, and sends the first downlink data packet to the terminal on the time-frequency resources.

[0239] S710A, the compute node sends a non-first downlink data packet to the UPF.

[0240] For example, after the LLM outputs the token included in the second data packet, the compute node sends the second data packet. Simultaneously, the LLM continues to output the third downlink data packet, and so on, until all downlink data packets are sent. The second and third downlink data packets are not the first downlink data packets.

[0241] The S711A and UPF send non-first downlink data packets to the access network equipment.

[0242] S712A, the access network equipment schedules non-first downlink data packets based on the second transmission delay budget.

[0243] For example, the access network device schedules the second downlink data packet based on the second transmission delay budget, and schedules the third downlink data packet based on the second transmission delay budget.

[0244] Among them, the following steps S706B to S709B correspond to the above-mentioned transmission method two.

[0245] S706B, the computing node sends the first downlink data packet to the access network equipment.

[0246] Optionally, the computing node can also send a scheduling instruction to the access network device. This scheduling instruction indicates the arrival of the first data packet. Alternatively, the scheduling instruction can trigger the access network device to activate the first transmission delay budget.

[0247] S707B, the access network equipment schedules the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget.

[0248] S708B, the computing node sends a non-first downlink data packet to the access network equipment.

[0249] S709B, the access network equipment schedules non-first downlink data packets based on the second transmission delay budget.

[0250] It is understandable that only one set of steps S706A to S712A or steps S706B to S709B needs to be executed.

[0251] Using the above embodiments, the first network element can determine the corresponding transmission delay budget for the first downlink data packet and non-first downlink data packets respectively. Then, the access network device can schedule different data packets using different transmission delay budgets, thereby optimizing the transmission of the first service, meeting the latency requirements of the first service, and improving the user experience.

[0252] like Figure 8 The diagram shows the service flow transmission process for another type of first service.

[0253] S801, The terminal sends an uplink data packet to the computing node.

[0254] For example, in the above Figure 5 Following the process shown, the terminal sends uplink data packets to the computing node.

[0255] Optionally, the header of the uplink data packet can carry request information, which is used to request the compute node to send a third parameter to the UPF. For example, the third parameter can be carried in the header of the downlink empty packet, where the downlink empty packet means that the payload is empty.

[0256] S802, PCF sends the first rule to the first network element.

[0257] It is understandable that if, in the above S506, the PCF has already sent the first rule to the first network element, and the first rule includes the first parameter and the second parameter, then the PCF will send the second rule to the first network element, and the second rule includes the first indication information. The first indication information is used to trigger the UPF to detect the third parameter.

[0258] If in S506 above, the PCF does not send the first rule to the first network element, then the PCF sends the first rule to the first network element at this time. The first rule at this time includes the first parameter, the second parameter, and the first indication information.

[0259] S803, the first network element sends the second instruction information to the UPF.

[0260] For example, the first network element sends a second indication to the UPF based on the first indication information. The second indication information is used to instruct the UPF to detect a third parameter. For instance, the second indication information can be carried in a detection rule update message.

[0261] S804, the compute node sends the third parameter to the UPF.

[0262] For example, the computing node sends a third parameter to the UPF based on the second request information.

[0263] S805 and UPF send the third parameter to the first network element.

[0264] For example, the UPF can detect whether the received data packet includes a third parameter based on the second indication information, and after obtaining the third parameter, send the third parameter to the first network element.

[0265] S806, the first network element determines the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget.

[0266] For example, after obtaining the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter, the first network element can determine the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget based on the above step 410. The first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet, and the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the non-first downlink data packet. For details, please refer to the above-mentioned content, which will not be repeated here.

[0267] S807, the first network element sends the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget to the access network equipment.

[0268] S808 to S814 can be referenced from S806A to S812A mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0269] like Figure 9 The diagram shows the service flow transmission process for another type of first-class service.

[0270] S901, The terminal sends an uplink data packet to the computing node.

[0271] For example, in the above Figure 5 or Figure 6 Following the process shown, the terminal sends uplink data packets to the computing node.

[0272] Optionally, the header or payload of the uplink data packet may carry first request information, which is used to request the compute node to provide a third parameter to the PCF.

[0273] S902, The computing node sends the third parameter and multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service to the PCF.

[0274] For example, the computing node sends a third parameter to the PCF based on the first request information.

[0275] Understandably, the third parameter and multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service can be carried in one or more messages.

[0276] Furthermore, the computing node can send multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service to the NEF, and then the NEF sends these estimates to the PCF. It is understood that this application does not limit the specific process by which the PCF obtains the multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service.

[0277] S903, PCF sends the first rule to the first network element.

[0278] It is understandable that if in the above S506 or S606, the PCF has sent the first rule to the first network element, and the first rule includes the first parameter and the second parameter, then the PCF sends the second rule to the first network element at this time, and the second rule includes the third parameter and multiple transmission delay budget estimates of the first service.

[0279] If in S506 or S606 above, the PCF does not send the first rule to the first network element, then the PCF sends the first rule to the first network element. The first rule at this time includes the first parameter, the second parameter, the third parameter, and multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service.

[0280] Furthermore, the multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service can also be sent separately, and this application does not limit this.

[0281] S904, the first network element determines the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget.

[0282] For example, after obtaining the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter, the first network element can determine the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget based on the above step 410. The first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet, and the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the non-first downlink data packet. For details, please refer to the above-mentioned content, which will not be repeated here.

[0283] S905, the first network element sends the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget to the access network equipment.

[0284] S906, the first network element determines the third transmission delay budget and the fourth transmission delay budget.

[0285] For example, the first network element determines a third transmission delay budget based on multiple transmission delay budget estimates of the first service and the first transmission delay budget, and determines a fourth transmission delay budget based on multiple transmission delay budget estimates of the first service and the second transmission delay budget.

[0286] S907, the first network element sends the third transmission delay budget and the fourth transmission delay budget to the access network equipment.

[0287] The relevant content of S906 and S907 can be found in the above-mentioned content on the third transmission delay budget and the fourth transmission delay budget, and will not be repeated here.

[0288] The following describes the downlink data packet transmission process using both transmission mode one and transmission mode two. Steps S908A to S912A below correspond to transmission mode one.

[0289] S908A, the first network element sends the third instruction information to the UPF.

[0290] For example, the third instruction information instructs the UPF to send a scheduling instruction to the access network device when the first downlink data packet is detected.

[0291] S909A, the compute node sends the first downlink data packet to the UPF.

[0292] For details, please refer to S707A above.

[0293] The S910A and UPF send scheduling instructions and the first downlink data packet to the access network equipment.

[0294] The scheduling instruction is used to indicate the arrival of the first data packet. Alternatively, the scheduling instruction is used to trigger the access network device to activate the first transmission delay budget.

[0295] S911A: The access network equipment determines that it is unable to schedule the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget, and schedules the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget.

[0296] For example, the access network device can detect changes in the downlink transmission network environment. If the downlink transmission network environment deteriorates (e.g., the air interface channel environment between the terminal and the access network device deteriorates), the access network device determines that the actual transmission delay of the first downlink data packet will be greater than the first transmission delay budget, that is, the actual transmission delay of the first downlink data packet cannot guarantee the first transmission delay budget.

[0297] S912A, the compute node sends a non-first downlink data packet to the UPF.

[0298] For details, please refer to the S710A mentioned above.

[0299] The S913A and UPF send non-first downlink data packets to the access network equipment.

[0300] S914A: The access network equipment determines that it cannot schedule non-first downlink data packets based on the second transmission delay budget, and schedules non-first downlink data packets based on the fourth transmission delay budget.

[0301] For example, the access network device can detect changes in the downlink transmission network environment. If the downlink transmission network environment deteriorates (e.g., the air interface channel environment between the terminal and the access network device deteriorates), the access network device determines that the actual transmission delay of any non-first downlink data packet will be greater than the second transmission delay budget, that is, the actual transmission delay of the non-first downlink data packet cannot guarantee the second transmission delay budget.

[0302] Among them, the following steps S906B to S912B correspond to the above-mentioned transmission mode two.

[0303] S908B, the computing node sends the first downlink data packet to the access network equipment.

[0304] Optionally, the computing node can also send a scheduling instruction to the access network device. This scheduling instruction indicates the arrival of the first data packet. Alternatively, the scheduling instruction can trigger the access network device to activate the first transmission delay budget.

[0305] S909B: The access network equipment determines that it is unable to schedule the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget, and schedules the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget.

[0306] S910B, the computing node sends a non-first downlink data packet to the access network equipment.

[0307] S911B: The access network equipment determines that it cannot schedule non-first downlink data packets based on the second transmission delay budget, and schedules non-first downlink data packets based on the fourth transmission delay budget.

[0308] It is understandable that only one set of steps S908A to S914A or steps S908B to S911B needs to be executed.

[0309] Using the above embodiments, the first network element can determine corresponding transmission delay budgets for the first downlink data packet and non-first downlink data packets respectively. Then, the access network device can schedule different data packets using different transmission delay budgets, thereby optimizing the transmission of the first service, meeting its latency requirements, and improving user experience. Furthermore, the access network device can also schedule the first downlink data packet based on a third transmission delay budget if it determines that the first downlink data packet cannot be scheduled based on a first transmission delay budget, and / or schedule non-first downlink data packets based on a fourth transmission delay budget if it determines that non-first downlink data packets cannot be scheduled based on a second transmission delay budget.

[0310] like Figure 10 The diagram illustrates a communication method provided in this application, the method comprising:

[0311] Step 1000: The first network element obtains the third parameter.

[0312] In one example, the compute node sends a third parameter to the policy management network element, and the policy management network element sends the third parameter to the first network element. For details, please refer to the relevant content in S702 above; it will not be repeated here.

[0313] In another example, the policy management network element sends a first indication message to the first network element, wherein the first indication message is used to trigger the user plane function network element to detect a third parameter. Based on the first indication message, the first network element sends a second indication message to the user plane function network element, which instructs the user plane function network element to detect the third parameter. For example, the second indication message can be carried in a detection rule update message. The user plane function network element detects the third parameter from the compute node and sends the third parameter to the first network element. For details, please refer to the relevant content in S802 to S804 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0314] Step 1010: The first network element determines the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet based on the third parameter.

[0315] For details, please refer to the relevant content in the third parameter above, which will not be repeated here.

[0316] Step 1020: The first network element sends the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet to the access and mobility management function network element. Correspondingly, the access and mobility management function network element receives the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet from the first network element.

[0317] Step 1030: The access and mobility management function network element determines the first configuration information based on the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and determines the second configuration information based on the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packets.

[0318] For example, the access and mobility management function network element can determine the first configuration information based on the terminal's status and network policy, as well as the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and can determine the second configuration information based on the terminal's status and network policy, as well as the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet.

[0319] The first configuration information includes one or more of the following: a first cycle (e.g., a short cycle (drx-ShortCycle)), a first detection duration within the first cycle (e.g., a duration timer (drx-onDurationTimer)), the duration of the first cycle (e.g., a short cycle timer (drx-ShortCycleTimer)), the duration for triggering the start of the first cycle (e.g., an inactivity timer (drx-InactivityTimer)), and the offset corresponding to the first detection duration (e.g., a time slot offset (drx-StartOffset)). The second configuration information includes one or more of the following: a second cycle, a second detection duration within the second cycle, the duration of the second cycle, and the offset corresponding to the second detection duration.

[0320] Here, `drx-ShortCycle` represents the length of a cycle, `drx-onDurationTimer` refers to the terminal's detection duration within a `drx-ShortCycle`, `drx-ShortCycleTimer` indicates the duration within which the terminal uses `drx-ShortCycle`, or the effective duration or number of effective `drx-ShortCycle` calls. `drx-StartOffset` indicates the start time of the detection duration within a `drx-ShortCycle`. `drx-InactivityTimer` indicates the time after which the terminal enters DRX mode, or in other words, the time after which the terminal starts a `drx-ShortCycle`.

[0321] For example, assuming drx-ShortCycle is 10ms, drx-onDurationTimer is 2ms, and drx-StartOffset is 0ms, the terminal's detection duration in each drx-ShortCycle is the first two milliseconds of a 10ms drx-ShortCycle. As another example, assuming drx-ShortCycle is 10ms, drx-onDurationTimer is 2ms, and drx-StartOffset is 8ms, the terminal's detection duration in each drx-ShortCycle is the last two milliseconds of a 10ms drx-ShortCycle. Furthermore, if drx-StartOffset is 0ms, it can be left unconfigured; that is, if drx-StartOffset is not included, it defaults to 0ms.

[0322] For example, the first cycle can be determined based on the computation delay of the first downlink data packet. The duration for triggering the first cycle can be determined based on one or more of the computation delay of the first downlink data packet, the estimated transmission delay, and the estimated processing delay. The estimated transmission delay refers to the estimated transmission delay from the computing node to the terminal, which may be related to the current network state. The estimated processing delay refers to the estimated time required from the computation delay of the first downlink data packet received by the access and mobility management function (AMU) network element from the first AMU network element to the computation delay of non-first downlink data packets, and then to the AMU network element determining the first and second configuration information. This estimated processing delay may be related to the current processing capacity of the AMU network element. The second cycle can be determined based on the computation delay of non-first downlink data packets. The first detection duration, the offset corresponding to the first detection duration, the second detection duration, and the offset corresponding to the second detection duration can be determined based on empirical values. The number of times the terminal uses the first cycle (or the number of times the terminal uses the first configuration information) can be 1 time, and the number of times the terminal uses the second cycle (or the number of times the terminal uses the second configuration information) can be multiple times.

[0323] Step 1040: The access and mobility management function network element sends first configuration information and second configuration information to the terminal. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the first configuration information and the second configuration information.

[0324] For example, both the first configuration information and the second configuration information are DRX configuration information.

[0325] For example, the access and mobility management function network element sends first configuration information and second configuration information to the terminal through the access network device.

[0326] Step 1050: The computing node sends the first downlink data packet to the terminal.

[0327] Step 1060: The terminal receives the first downlink data packet according to the first configuration information.

[0328] Step 1070: The computing node sends a non-first downlink data packet to the terminal.

[0329] Step 1080: The terminal receives the non-first downlink data packet according to the second configuration information.

[0330] Steps 1050 to 1080 are described below with specific examples. It should be understood that the examples below are not intended to limit this application.

[0331] For example, assuming the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet is 100ms, the calculation delay of subsequent downlink data packets is 20ms, the estimated transmission delay is 30ms, and the estimated processing delay is 20ms, the access and mobility management function network element can determine that the first configuration information includes the first drx-ShortCycle is 100ms, the first drx-onDurationTimer is 20ms, the first drx-StartOffset is 0ms, the first drx-ShortCycleTimer is 1, and the drx-InactivityTimer is 110ms. Wherein, drx-InactivityTimer = calculation delay of the first downlink data packet + estimated transmission delay - estimated processing delay = 110ms. The access and mobility management function network element can also determine the second configuration information, including the second drx-ShortCycle as 20ms, the second drx-onDurationTimer as 10ms, the second drx-StartOffset as 10ms, and the second drx-ShortCycleTimer as the maximum value.

[0332] Based on the aforementioned first configuration information, the terminal can start timing after receiving the first configuration information. After 110ms, it enters the first drx-ShortCycle indicated by the first configuration information. Since the first drx-StartOffset is 0ms, the terminal immediately begins detecting downlink signals after entering the first drx-ShortCycle and continues detecting for 20ms. If the terminal detects a downlink data packet within these 20ms, that is, detects the first downlink data packet, the terminal immediately activates the second configuration information after detecting the first downlink data packet, that is, enters the second drx-ShortCycle indicated by the second configuration information. Based on the second drx-onDurationTimer of 20ms and the second drx-StartOffset of 10ms, the terminal begins detecting downlink signals at the 11ms of the second drx-ShortCycle and continues detecting for 10ms. After the second drx-ShortCycle ends, the terminal enters a sleep state. Subsequently, the terminal enters the connected state from the sleep state every 20ms based on the second configuration information, and detects subsequent downlink data packets in the last 10ms of each 20ms period.

[0333] For example, suppose `drx-onDurationTimer` can have multiple selectable values, such as 1ms, 2ms, 3ms, 4ms, 5ms, 6ms, 8ms, 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, 40ms, 50ms, 60ms, 80ms, 100ms, 200ms, 300ms, 400ms, 500ms, 600ms, 800ms, 1000ms, 1200ms, 1600ms, etc. `drx-InactivityTimer` can have multiple selectable values, such as 0ms, 1ms, 2ms, 3ms, 4ms, 5ms, 6ms, 8ms, 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, 40ms, 50ms, 60ms, 80ms, 100ms, 200ms, 300ms, 500ms, 750ms, 1280ms, 1920ms, 2560ms, etc. The drx-ShortCycle can have multiple selectable values, such as 2ms, 3ms, 4ms, 5ms, 6ms, 7ms, 8ms, 10ms, 14ms, 16ms, 20ms, 30ms, 32ms, 35ms, 40ms, 64ms, 80ms, 128ms, 160ms, 256ms, 320ms, 512ms, and 640ms. It is understood that the above values ​​are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0334] At this point, assuming the calculation delay for the first downlink data packet is 100ms, the calculation delay for subsequent downlink data packets is 20ms, the estimated transmission delay is 30ms, and the estimated processing delay is 20ms, the access and mobility management function network element can determine the first configuration information, including: the first drx-ShortCycle is 80ms, the first drx-onDurationTimer is 20ms, the first drx-StartOffset is 10ms, the first drx-ShortCycleTimer is 1, and the drx-InactivityTimer is 100ms. The value of the first drx-ShortCycle can be the value among the multiple selectable values ​​of drx-ShortCycle that is closest to the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet. The value of drx-InactivityTimer can be the value closest to the first value among the multiple optional values ​​of drx-InactivityTimer mentioned above. The first value is defined as: the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet + the estimated transmission delay - the estimated processing delay. The access and mobility management function network element can also determine the second configuration information, including a second drx-ShortCycle of 20ms, a second drx-onDurationTimer of 10ms, and a second drx-StartOffset of 10ms. The second drx-ShortCycleTimer can be the maximum value.

[0335] Using the above embodiments, the first network element can determine the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets, and notify the access and mobility management function network element. Then, the access and mobility management function can determine first configuration information based on the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and determine second configuration information based on the calculation delay of non-first downlink data packets. The terminal can receive the first downlink data packet according to the first configuration information and receive non-first downlink data packets according to the second configuration information, thereby optimizing the transmission of the first service, meeting the latency requirements of the first service, improving user experience, and achieving energy saving of the terminal through precise DRX control.

[0336] The methods provided by the embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. The apparatus provided by the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0337] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes a module / unit / means for performing the methods executed by any network function and entity in the above-described method embodiments. This module / unit / means can be implemented in software, or in hardware, or implemented in hardware executing corresponding software.

[0338] Figure 11 and Figure 12 The diagram illustrates the possible communication devices provided in the embodiments of this application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the various communication devices in the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.

[0339] like Figure 11 As shown, the communication device 1100 includes a processing unit 1110 and a transceiver unit 1120.

[0340] When the communication device 1100 is used to achieve the above Figures 4 to 9 In the method embodiment shown, the function of the first network element is as follows:

[0341] The transceiver unit 1120 is used to acquire a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter, wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the latency requirement of the first service, the second parameter is used to indicate the latency requirement of the first downlink data packet of the first service, and the third parameter is used to determine the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet and the calculation latency of the non-first downlink data packets of the first service;

[0342] Processing unit 1110 is configured to determine a first transmission delay budget based on the second parameter and the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet; wherein the first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet; and to determine a second transmission delay budget based on the first parameter, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packets; wherein the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the non-first downlink data packets;

[0343] The transceiver unit 1120 is used to send the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget to the access network device.

[0344] In one possible implementation, the third parameter includes one or more of the following: first token generation time, non-first token generation speed, or encoding information; wherein the encoding information is used to determine the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet.

[0345] In one possible implementation, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet = TTFT + (m-1) / TDS; the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet = m / TDS; where TTFT is the generation time of the first token, TDS is the generation speed of the non-first token, m is the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet, and m is a positive integer.

[0346] In one possible implementation, the first parameter indicates the sum of the uplink transmission delay of the first service, the calculation delay of the first service, and the downlink transmission delay of the first service; the second parameter indicates the sum of the uplink transmission delay of the first service, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and the transmission delay of the first downlink data packet; the first transmission delay budget is determined based on one or more of the second parameter, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, the uplink transmission delay of the first service, and the transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path; the second transmission delay budget is determined based on one or more of the first parameter, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet, the uplink transmission delay of the first service, and the transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path.

[0347] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to receive a first rule from the policy control function network element when acquiring the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter. The first rule includes the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter.

[0348] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to, when acquiring the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter, receive a first rule from the policy control function network element, the first rule including the first parameter, the second parameter, and first indication information; wherein, the first indication information is used to trigger the user plane function network element to detect the third parameter; send second indication information to the user plane function network element based on the first indication information, the second indication information being used to instruct the user plane function network element to detect the third parameter; and receive the third parameter from the user plane function network element.

[0349] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is used to obtain the execution mode of the first service, wherein the execution mode of the first service is that the computing node sends the first downlink data packet during the generation of the second data packet, and the second data packet is a non-first downlink data packet.

[0350] In one possible implementation, the first service is executed in a manner that involves cross-execution of the first service with at least one other service.

[0351] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to send third indication information to the user plane function network element, the third indication information instructing the user plane function network element to send a scheduling indication to the access network device when it detects the first downlink data packet, wherein the scheduling indication is used to indicate the arrival of the first data packet.

[0352] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to send first configuration information and second configuration information to the access network device when sending the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget to the access network device, wherein the first transmission delay budget is carried through the first configuration information and the second transmission delay budget is carried through the second configuration information.

[0353] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to send a third transmission delay budget and / or a fourth transmission delay budget to the access network device; wherein the first transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the third transmission delay budget, and the third transmission delay budget is greater than the first transmission delay budget; the second transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the fourth transmission delay budget, and the fourth transmission delay budget is greater than the second transmission delay budget.

[0354] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to send a fourth indication information and / or a fifth indication information to the access network device; wherein the fourth indication information instructs the access network device to schedule the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget when the first transmission delay budget is not met, and the fifth indication information instructs the access network device to schedule other downlink data packets besides the first downlink data packet based on the fourth transmission delay budget when the second transmission delay budget is not met.

[0355] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to acquire multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service; the processing unit 1110 is configured to determine the third transmission delay budget based on the first transmission delay budget and the multiple transmission delay budget estimates; and / or, determine the fourth transmission delay budget based on the second transmission delay budget and the multiple transmission delay budget estimates.

[0356] When the communication device 1100 is used to achieve the above Figures 4 to 9 When the access network device functions as shown in the method embodiment:

[0357] Processing unit 1110 is used to control the operation of transceiver unit 1120;

[0358] The transceiver unit 1120 is configured to receive a first transmission delay budget and a second transmission delay budget from a first network element, wherein the first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet of the first service, and the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of a non-first downlink data packet of the first service; receive the first downlink data packet and at least one non-first downlink data packet; schedule the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget, and schedule the non-first downlink data packets based on the second transmission delay budget.

[0359] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to receive a scheduling instruction from a user plane function network element and the first downlink data packet when receiving the first downlink data packet, wherein the scheduling instruction is used to indicate that the first downlink data packet has arrived; and in response to the scheduling instruction, schedule the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget when scheduling the first downlink data packet based on the first transmission delay budget.

[0360] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to receive a third transmission delay budget; wherein the first transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the third transmission delay budget, and the third transmission delay budget is greater than the first transmission delay budget; when the first transmission delay budget is not satisfied, the first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the third transmission delay budget; and / or receive a fourth transmission delay budget; wherein the second transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the fourth transmission delay budget, and the fourth transmission delay budget is greater than the second transmission delay budget; when the second transmission delay budget is not satisfied, the non-first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the fourth transmission delay budget.

[0361] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to receive fourth indication information, wherein the fourth indication information instructs the access network device to schedule the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget when the first transmission delay budget is not met; and / or receive fifth indication information, wherein the fifth indication information instructs the access network device to schedule the non-first downlink data packet based on the fourth transmission delay budget when the second transmission delay budget is not met.

[0362] For some possible designs and beneficial effects of the communication device 1100, please refer to the above. Figures 4 to 9 The relevant content in the illustrated embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0363] When the communication device 1100 is used to achieve the above Figure 10 In the method embodiment shown, the function of the first network element is as follows:

[0364] The transceiver unit 1120 is used to acquire a third parameter, which is used to determine the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet of the first service and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packets of the first service;

[0365] Processing unit 1110 is configured to determine the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packets based on the third parameter;

[0366] The transceiver unit 1120 is used to send the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet to the access and mobility management function network element. Using the above method, the first network element can determine the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the non-first downlink data packet of the first service based on the third parameter, and provide the above information to the access and mobility management function network element.

[0367] In one possible implementation, the third parameter includes one or more of the following: first token generation time, non-first token generation speed, or encoding information; wherein the encoding information is used to determine the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet.

[0368] In one possible implementation, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet = TTFT + (m-1) / TDS; the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet = m / TDS; where TTFT is the generation time of the first token, TDS is the generation speed of the non-first token, m is the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet, and m is a positive integer.

[0369] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to receive a first rule from the policy control function network element when acquiring the third parameter, the first rule including the third parameter.

[0370] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to, when acquiring the third parameter, receive a first rule from a policy control function network element, the first rule including first indication information; wherein the first indication information is used to trigger a user plane function network element to detect the third parameter; send second indication information to the user plane function network element based on the first indication information, the second indication information being used to instruct the user plane function network element to detect the third parameter; and receive the third parameter from the user plane function network element.

[0371] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1120 is used to obtain the execution mode of the first service, wherein the execution mode of the first service is that the computing node sends the first downlink data packet during the generation of the second data packet, and the second data packet is a non-first downlink data packet.

[0372] In one possible implementation, the first service is executed in a manner that involves cross-execution of the first service with at least one other service.

[0373] When the communication device 1100 is used to achieve the above Figure 10 When performing the functions of access and mobility management network elements in the method embodiment shown:

[0374] The transceiver unit 1120 is used to receive the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet of the first service and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packets of the first service;

[0375] Processing unit 1110 is configured to determine first configuration information based on the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and to determine second configuration information based on the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet. The first configuration information is used for the terminal to receive the first downlink data packet, and the second configuration information is used for the terminal to receive the non-first downlink data packet.

[0376] The transceiver unit 1120 is used to send the first configuration information and the second configuration information. In one possible implementation, the first configuration information includes one or more of the following: a first period, a first detection duration within the first period, the duration of the first period, the duration for triggering the start of the first period, and an offset corresponding to the first detection duration; the second configuration information includes one or more of the following: a second period, a second detection duration within the second period, the duration of the second period, and an offset corresponding to the second detection duration.

[0377] In one possible implementation, the first period is determined based on the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and the duration for triggering the start of the first period is determined based on one or more of the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, the estimated transmission delay, and the estimated processing delay; wherein, the estimated transmission delay refers to the estimated transmission delay from the computing node to the terminal, and the estimated processing delay refers to the estimated time required for the access and mobility management function network element to determine the first configuration information and the second configuration information from the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packets.

[0378] In one possible implementation, the second cycle can be determined based on the computational delay of non-first downlink data packets.

[0379] When the communication device 1100 is used to achieve the above Figure 10 The terminal in the method embodiment shown functions as follows:

[0380] Processing unit 1110 is used to control the operation of transceiver unit 1120;

[0381] The transceiver unit 1120 is configured to receive first configuration information and second configuration information, wherein the first configuration information is used for the terminal to receive the first downlink data packet of the first service, and the second configuration information is used for the terminal to receive non-first downlink data packets of the first service; the terminal receives the first downlink data packet according to the first configuration information and receives the non-first downlink data packets according to the second configuration information.

[0382] In one possible implementation, the first configuration information includes one or more of the following: a first period, a first detection duration within the first period, the duration of the first period, the duration for triggering the start of the first period, and an offset corresponding to the first detection duration; the second configuration information includes one or more of the following: a second period, a second detection duration within the second period, the duration of the second period, and an offset corresponding to the second detection duration.

[0383] For some possible designs and beneficial effects of the communication device 1100, please refer to the above. Figure 10 The relevant content in the illustrated embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0384] like Figure 12 As shown, the communication device 1200 includes a processor 1210 and an interface circuit 1220. The processor 1210 and the interface circuit 1220 are coupled to each other. It is understood that the interface circuit 1220 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, the communication device 1200 may also include a memory 1230 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1210, or storing input data required by the processor 1210 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 1210 executes instructions.

[0385] When the communication device 1200 is used to implement the above method embodiment, the processor 1210 is used to implement the function of the processing unit 1110, and the interface circuit 1220 is used to implement the function of the transceiver unit 1120.

[0386] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0387] This application provides another example of a device, the notification device including at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one processor and the at least one memory coupled together, the at least one memory for storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the communication device to perform the method described above. Taking a communication device including a processor and a memory as an example, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the communication device 1200 includes a processor 1210 and a memory 1230. The processor 1210 and the memory 1230 are coupled. The memory 1230 stores instructions. When the instructions stored in the memory 1230 are executed by the processor 1210, the communication device 1200 executes the methods executed by the various communication devices in the above embodiments.

[0388] The method steps in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions executable by a processor. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. The storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Alternatively, the ASIC can reside in the aforementioned terminal or network element. The processor and storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the terminal or network element.

[0389] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are performed entirely or partially. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video optical disc; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or may include both types of storage media.

[0390] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0391] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the textual description of this application, the character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects; in the formulas of this application, the character " / " indicates a "division" relationship between the preceding and following related objects. "Including at least one of A, B, and C" can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B, and C.

[0392] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers described above does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a first network element or a chip in the first network element, and the method includes: Obtain a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter, wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the latency requirement of the first service, the second parameter is used to indicate the latency requirement of the first downlink data packet of the first service, and the third parameter is used to determine the calculation latency of the first downlink data packet and the calculation latency of the non-first downlink data packets of the first service; A first transmission delay budget is determined based on the second parameter and the calculated delay of the first downlink data packet; wherein, the first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet; A second transmission delay budget is determined based on the first parameter, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packets; wherein, the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the non-first downlink data packets; Send the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget to the access network device.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The third parameter includes one or more of the following: first token generation time, non-first token generation speed, or encoding information; wherein the encoding information is used to determine the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation delay of the first downlink data packet = TTFT + (m-1) / TDS; the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet = m / TDS; Where TTFT is the first token generation time, TDS is the non-first token generation speed, m is the number of tokens included in each downlink data packet, and m is a positive integer.

4. The method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first parameter indicates the sum of the uplink transmission delay of the first service, the calculation delay of the first service, and the downlink transmission delay of the first service; The second parameter indicates the uplink transmission delay of the first service, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, and the sum of the transmission delays of the first downlink data packet; The first transmission delay budget is determined based on one or more of the second parameter, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, the uplink transmission delay of the first service, and the transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path; The second transmission delay budget is determined based on one or more of the first parameter, the calculation delay of the first downlink data packet, the calculation delay of the non-first downlink data packet, the uplink transmission delay of the first service, and the transmission delay corresponding to the N6 path.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Retrieve the first, second, and third parameters, including: Receive a first rule from the policy control function network element, the first rule including the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Obtaining the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter includes: The system receives a first rule from a policy control function network element, the first rule including a first parameter, a second parameter, and first indication information; wherein, the first indication information is used to trigger a user plane function network element to detect the third parameter; Based on the first indication information, a second indication information is sent to the user plane function network element, the second indication information being used to instruct the user plane function network element to detect the third parameter; Receive the third parameter from the user plane function network element.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the execution mode of the first service, wherein the execution mode of the first service is that the computing node sends the first downlink data packet during the generation of the second data packet, and the second data packet is a non-first downlink data packet.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first service is executed in a manner that it is executed in conjunction with at least one other service.

9. The method as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, Also includes: A third indication message is sent to the user plane function network element, the third indication message instructing the user plane function network element to send a scheduling indication to the access network device when the first downlink data packet is detected, wherein the scheduling indication is used to indicate the arrival of the first data packet.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Sending the first transmission delay budget and the second transmission delay budget to the access network device includes: Send first configuration information and second configuration information to the access network device, wherein the first transmission delay budget is carried through the first configuration information and the second transmission delay budget is carried through the second configuration information.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, Also includes: Send a third transmission delay budget and / or a fourth transmission delay budget to the access network device; Wherein, the first transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the third transmission delay budget, and the third transmission delay budget is greater than the first transmission delay budget; the second transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the fourth transmission delay budget, and the fourth transmission delay budget is greater than the second transmission delay budget.

12. The method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, Also includes: Send a fourth indication message and / or a fifth indication message to the access network device; The fourth indication information instructs the access network device to schedule the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget when the first transmission delay budget is not met, and the fifth indication information instructs the access network device to schedule other downlink data packets besides the first downlink data packet based on the fourth transmission delay budget when the second transmission delay budget is not met.

13. The method as described in claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain multiple transmission delay budget estimates for the first service; The third transmission delay budget is determined based on the first transmission delay budget and the plurality of transmission delay budget estimates; and / or, The fourth transmission delay budget is determined based on the second transmission delay budget and the plurality of transmission delay budget estimates.

14. A communication method, characterized in that, The method is applied to an access network device or a chip in an access network device, and the method includes: Receive a first transmission delay budget and a second transmission delay budget from a first network element, wherein the first transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the first downlink data packet of the first service, and the second transmission delay budget is the transmission delay budget of the non-first downlink data packet of the first service; Receive from the first downlink data packet and at least one of the non-first downlink data packets; The first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the first transmission delay budget, and the non-first downlink data packets are scheduled based on the second transmission delay budget.

15. The method as described in claim 14, characterized in that, Receiving the first downlink data packet includes: Receive a scheduling instruction from a user plane function network element and the first downlink data packet, wherein the scheduling instruction is used to indicate the arrival of the first downlink data packet; The first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the first transmission delay budget, including: In response to the scheduling instruction, the first downlink data packet is scheduled based on the first transmission delay budget.

16. The method as described in claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, Also includes: Receive a third transmission delay budget; wherein the first transmission delay budget has a higher priority than the third transmission delay budget, and the third transmission delay budget is greater than the first transmission delay budget; when the first transmission delay budget is not satisfied, schedule the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget; and / or Receive a fourth transmission delay budget; wherein the priority of the second transmission delay budget is higher than the priority of the fourth transmission delay budget, and the fourth transmission delay budget is greater than the second transmission delay budget; when the second transmission delay budget is not satisfied, schedule the non-first downlink data packet based on the fourth transmission delay budget.

17. The method as described in claim 16, characterized in that, Also includes: Receive fourth indication information; wherein the fourth indication information instructs the access network device to schedule the first downlink data packet based on the third transmission delay budget when the first transmission delay budget is not satisfied; and / or Receive fifth indication information; wherein, the fifth indication information instructs the access network device to schedule the non-first downlink data packet based on the fourth transmission delay budget when the second transmission delay budget is not met.

18. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes units or modules for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes at least one processor; the at least one processor is configured to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a program that, when run on the device, causes the device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

21. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a program or instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17.

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