Toxic gas suppressant for secondary battery fires, toxic gas suppressant components for secondary battery fires, and secondary batteries.

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a fire toxic gas inhibitor, comprising: one or more first substances having a decomposition initiation temperature; and a second substance mixed with and binding the first substance; wherein the first substance decomposes upon reaching the decomposition initiation temperature, thereby detoxifying the toxic substances generated when a secondary battery fire occurs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant, a secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant component, and a secondary battery. More specifically, it relates to a secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant, a secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant component, and a secondary battery capable of effectively suppressing the fire toxic gases of secondary batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Secondary batteries with high energy density may be susceptible to shock.

[0003] Secondary batteries can release their integrated high energy instantaneously due to internal defects or external impacts, causing thermal runaway and fires in a short period of time, making it extremely difficult to deal with such accidents.

[0004] When a secondary battery catches fire, the usual response is to try to extinguish it.

[0005] However, these traditional methods have limited effectiveness against thermal runaway and the resulting rapid spread of fire, especially against the deadly toxic gases contained in the thermal runaway gases that cause secondary battery fires, which traditional fire extinguishing methods struggle to effectively address.

[0006] Secondary batteries use various organic compounds as positive electrodes, negative electrodes, and electrolytes. Therefore, a representative phenomenon in secondary battery fires is thermal runaway. This occurs when physical or thermal shocks, or short circuits, cause a high-temperature environment inside the battery, leading to the release of hot, flammable gases from the battery cells. These gases combine with oxygen inside and outside the battery pack, resulting in rapid ignition and flames. Furthermore, the release of these flammable gases also produces highly toxic gases, such as HCl (hydrogen chloride), HF (hydrogen fluoride), and CO (carbon monoxide), which not only contribute to the fire but also pose secondary hazards.

[0007] [Existing Technical Documents] [Patent Documents] (Patent Document 0001) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2022-0125085 Summary of the Invention

[0008] Technical issues The purpose of this invention is to provide a fire toxic gas suppressant that can effectively suppress the toxic gases in secondary battery fires, and a fire toxic gas suppressant sheet containing the fire toxic gas suppressant, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0009] The technical issues to be addressed by this invention are not limited to those described above. Other technical issues not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art based on the following description.

[0010] Problem-solving methods A fire toxic gas inhibitor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: one or more first substances having a decomposition initiation temperature; and a second substance mixed with and combined with the first substance; wherein the first substance decomposes upon reaching the decomposition initiation temperature, thereby detoxifying toxic substances that may be generated during a secondary battery fire.

[0011] The first substance contains reactive decomposition gases that detoxify the toxic substances produced during a secondary battery fire, and decomposes during decomposition, thereby detoxifying the toxic substances produced during a secondary battery fire.

[0012] The first substance comprises two or more substances, which have two or more decomposition initiation temperatures, and can be detoxified through staged decomposition.

[0013] The first substance may include one or more of carbonates, chlorides, hydroxides, and phosphates.

[0014] The carbonate may include one or more of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3), and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3).

[0015] The chloride salt may include one or more of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), potassium chloride (KCl), aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and sodium chloride (NaCl).

[0016] The hydroxide may include one or more of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2).

[0017] The phosphate may include one or more of ammonium phosphate ((NH4)3PO4), sodium phosphate (Na3PO4), and potassium phosphate (K3PO4).

[0018] The fire toxic gas inhibitor can be configured in one or more states, including paste, liquid, and gas.

[0019] The second substance may include one or more of organic adhesives and elastomers.

[0020] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a fire toxic gas suppression component is provided, comprising: a pair of fiber components; and a fire toxic gas inhibitor disposed between the pair of fiber components; the fire toxic gas inhibitor comprising: one or more fire extinguishing substances having a decomposition initiation temperature and decomposing upon reaching the decomposition initiation temperature thereby enabling flammable organic compounds to become non-flammable; and an organic binder mixed with the fire extinguishing substance; thereby enabling the detoxification of toxic substances that may be generated during a secondary battery fire.

[0021] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a secondary battery is provided, comprising: one or more first substances having a decomposition initiation temperature; and a second substance mixed with and combined with the first substance; wherein the first substance decomposes upon reaching the decomposition initiation temperature, thereby detoxifying any toxic substances that may be generated in the event of a secondary battery fire.

[0022] Invention Effects According to an embodiment of the present invention, a fire toxic gas inhibitor capable of effectively suppressing toxic gases in secondary battery fires, a fire toxic gas suppressing sheet containing the fire toxic gas inhibitor, and a secondary battery containing the fire toxic gas inhibitor can be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride, toxic gases generated during the thermal runaway of a secondary battery, are shown in the following experimental charts, with and without a sheet impregnated with a secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 A photograph of a paste-like inhibitor for toxic gases in secondary battery fires according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 A photograph of a secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the use of a secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] (Explanation of reference numerals in the attached image) 10: Battery pack 11: Secondary battery 20: Battery pack cover; 100: Toxic gas suppressant for secondary battery fires. 110: Fire extinguishing powder; 120: Organic binder 210, 220: Fiber sheet; 300: Electric heating wire 400: Switch; 500: Temperature sensor section 1000: Toxic Gas Suppressant for Secondary Battery Fires Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is therefore not limited to the embodiments described herein. Furthermore, for clarity of illustration, parts unrelated to the description have been omitted from the drawings, and throughout the specification, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the same or similar parts.

[0031] In this specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" (connected, contacted, or joined) to another part, this includes not only "direct connection" but also "indirect connection" through the presence of other components in between. Furthermore, when a part is referred to as "including" a constituent element, unless otherwise specified, the presence of other constituent elements is not excluded; rather, it means that other constituent elements may be further included.

[0032] The terminology used in this specification is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention. Unless the context clearly defines it, the singular form includes the plural form. In this specification, terms such as "comprising" or "having" are intended to indicate the presence of features, values, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, values, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0033] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the secondary battery toxic gas inhibitor (100) is used to suppress toxic gases produced when a secondary battery fire occurs. It may include a first substance and a second substance. The first substance is a substance having a decomposition initiation temperature and possessing fire-extinguishing and non-toxic properties. In the following description of embodiments of the invention, it may be referred to as any one of the following: fire extinguishing agent, fire-extinguishing substance, fire-extinguishing powder, non-toxic agent, non-toxic substance, or non-toxic powder. Furthermore, the second substance is a substance that mixes with and binds to the first substance. In the following description of embodiments of the invention, it may be referred to as an organic binder (120).

[0035] The secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a first substance (110) having fire extinguishing and non-toxic properties and a second substance including an organic binder (120).

[0036] Hereinafter, the fire extinguishing properties of the first substance (110) will be described. When describing the fire extinguishing properties, the first substance (110) may be referred to as a fire extinguishing substance, a fire extinguishing agent, a fire extinguishing powder, etc. On the other hand, when describing the non-toxic properties of the first substance (110) contained in the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first substance (110) may be referred to as a non-toxic substance, a non-toxic agent, a non-toxic powder, etc.

[0037] Fire extinguishing substance (110) refers to a fire extinguishing composition that can function in liquid, gas, solid, powder and other states. Although the following description may use fire extinguishing substance (100) to fire extinguishing powder (100) for the purpose of illustrating representative embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting to a specific state or form.

[0038] The fire extinguishing substance (110) can produce a suffocating fire extinguishing effect by blocking contact with oxygen, and can be a substance formed by the combination of carbonate ions that are reactive with lithium and monovalent or divalent cations.

[0039] The fire extinguishing agent (110) may be an inorganic salt, such as an inorganic salt powder. In addition, the inorganic salt preparation may include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and ammonium compounds from the periodic table, which have a strong ability to absorb oxygen free radicals.

[0040] As alkali metals, they may include one or more of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3).

[0041] Furthermore, as an alkaline earth metal, it may include one or more of magnesium bicarbonate (Mg(HCO3)2), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and calcium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO3)2).

[0042] In addition, as an ammonium group, it may include one or more of ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3) and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3).

[0043] The fire extinguishing substance (110) may specifically be an inorganic carbonate.

[0044] When carbonates decompose upon heating, they can automatically release reactive decomposition gases and cationic metal ions.

[0045] When a secondary battery is damaged due to internal or external factors such as diaphragm failure or external pressure, the short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes caused by the diaphragm damage increases the resistance. This generates resistive heat, along with the thermal decomposition of the electrolyte and a violent exothermic reaction that triggers flammable and toxic gases, as shown in Table 1. Consequently, the temperature and internal pressure of the secondary battery rise sharply.

[0046] Table 1

[0047] Here, the carbonate contained in the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as the carbonate contained in a lithium battery, can react and decompose as shown in the following reaction formula when exposed to such heat.

[0048] Although this phenomenon is influenced by the organic matter inside the battery cell, the more important reason is that, as shown in Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 below, lithium ions gain electrons and transform into metallic lithium, thereby vaporizing themselves, or combining with nitrogen in the air to form lithium nitride.

[0049]

Chemical Formula 1

Chemical Formula 2

[0050]

Chemical Formula 3

[0051] The generated reactive decomposition gases can render the flammable gases (lithium gases) released from the secondary battery non-flammable. The reactive decomposition gases released by the thermal decomposition of carbonates can be carbon dioxide (CO2).

[0052] Furthermore, cationic metal ions can absorb free radicals generated by electric sparks or flames, thereby blocking the chain combustion reaction.

[0053] As shown in Chemical Formulas 6 and 7 below, when a secondary battery catches fire, the carbonates decompose under the heat generated, releasing carbon dioxide. At this time, the vaporized lithium reacts with carbon dioxide and oxygen to transform into carbonates, thus becoming non-flammable.

[0054] In this way, the carbonate releases carbon dioxide during decomposition. When the suffocating effect of carbon dioxide blocks the approach of oxygen, the combustion caused by the secondary battery fire can be effectively alleviated or extinguished.

[0055]

Chemical Formula 6

[0056] When the carbonate contained in the fire extinguishing substance (110) according to the embodiment of the present invention is thermally decomposed, it can generate cationic metal ions (e.g., alkali metals or alkaline earth metals).

[0057] Here, free radical ions can be absorbed by cationic metal ions. This suppresses the generation of sparks in the secondary battery and prevents ignition. That is, based on this negative catalytic effect, the chain reaction of combustion in the secondary battery can be suppressed. Therefore, fires in secondary batteries containing the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor according to embodiments of the present invention can be prevented, and the spread of an existing fire can be suppressed.

[0058] Here, the extinguishing agent (110) according to embodiments of the present invention may contain one or more of the following carbonates: sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), magnesium bicarbonate (Mg(HCO3)2), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), calcium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO3)2), ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3), and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3). Here, based on the decomposition initiation temperature of each carbonate as shown in Table 2 below, one carbonate may be included, or two or more carbonates may be combined.

[0059] Table 2

[0060] Here, the decomposition initiation temperature can be the temperature at which the carbonate begins to decompose. As shown in Table 2, each carbonate may have its inherent decomposition initiation temperature. Carbonates can be selected according to the user's needs and included in the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant, for example, based on the required temperature at which the carbonate decomposes to exert its fire suppression and fire toxic gas suppression functions, or based on the need for weight adjustment according to the reactivity or molecular weight difference with organic substances that may be included in the secondary battery.

[0061] Furthermore, as shown in Table 3 below, two or more carbonates can be compounded and included in the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor. This compounding is intended to achieve phased detoxification and further ensures the fire suppression effect. Here, since the carbonate begins to decompose at the decomposition initiation temperature recorded in Table 2, thereby achieving the fire suppression function, the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor according to embodiments of the present invention may contain more than 50% carbonates having a decomposition initiation temperature closest to the danger temperature of fire occurrence. Additionally, it may also contain more than 50% carbonates having a decomposition initiation temperature equal to or lower than the aforementioned danger temperature and closest to the danger temperature of fire occurrence.

[0062] Table 3

[0063] To achieve fire suppression, the decomposition initiation temperature at which the carbonate begins to decompose can be selected as needed. This selection can be determined based on the settings of the lithium-ion secondary battery manufacturer or the manufacturer of products incorporating lithium-ion secondary batteries. Depending on the production and usage environment of the secondary battery user, the temperature deemed a danger temperature may vary. For example, it may be determined that there is a fire risk of lithium-ion secondary batteries above 60°C, or that a fire has already occurred; depending on the specific circumstances, it may also be determined that there is a fire risk of lithium-ion secondary batteries above 100°C, or that a fire has already occurred. Therefore, a specific temperature range considering the operating temperature range of the secondary battery can be defined as a danger temperature range, and the included carbonate can be made to have a decomposition initiation temperature falling within this danger temperature range; alternatively, even if it does not fall within this danger temperature range, carbonates with decomposition initiation temperatures lower or higher than this danger temperature can be further selected and compounded.

[0064] For example, as shown in Table 3, when the user determines the dangerous temperature range to be above 60°C, the carbonate may include 55% by weight ammonium carbonate, 20% by weight potassium bicarbonate, and 5% by weight magnesium carbonate. The carbonate can be formed by combining the above substances. Thus, ammonium carbonate, which has the highest weight percentage, decomposes first at the dangerous temperature of 60°C, thereby initiating the first stage of fire extinguishing. However, if the fire is not extinguished by the first stage and the temperature further rises to 100–120°C, potassium bicarbonate, which has the next higher weight percentage, decomposes, thereby initiating the second stage of fire extinguishing. Even so, if the temperature further rises and reaches the decomposition initiation temperature of magnesium carbonate, a third stage of fire extinguishing, achieved by magnesium carbonate, can proceed. That is, as the temperature rises, the fire extinguishing process can proceed in stages.

[0065] If the carbonate were composed only of substances with decomposition initiation temperatures within the dangerous temperature range, all substances would decompose at the corresponding decomposition initiation temperature, completing the fire extinguishing process. However, despite this extinguishing process, if the fire is not completely extinguished, the subsequent rapid rise in fire temperature cannot be prevented, thus failing to delay thermal runaway. This leaves no time for vehicle drivers to evacuate from the vehicle.

[0066] However, as shown in the embodiments of the present invention, when two or more carbonates are compounded, and the compounded carbonates have a decomposition initiation temperature equal to or lower than the lower limit of the dangerous temperature range and are not within the dangerous temperature range, and the fire extinguishing process is carried out in stages, a rapid rise in fire temperature can be prevented, and the occurrence of thermal runaway can be delayed. Moreover, this has the effect of providing vehicle drivers with evacuation time.

[0067] Secondary batteries contain various organic compounds as positive electrodes, negative electrodes, and electrolytes. A characteristic phenomenon of secondary battery fires is thermal runaway, where the internal cells release high-temperature flammable gases that combine with oxygen inside and outside the battery pack, simultaneously causing an electrical short circuit or ignition due to the high temperature, leading to thermal runaway and flames. Toxic substances may be produced during this process.

[0068] Table 4 below shows the main gases generated during thermal runaway of an exemplary secondary battery.

[0069] Table 4

[0070] Figure 2 A graph for observing the gases generated during thermal runaway and fire in a secondary battery containing a secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] The fire suppressant can be contained in the secondary battery in various forms. Figure 2 The images are Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra used to compare the hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride gases produced by a secondary battery during thermal runaway and fire when the battery has components (“CO ppm components” and “C2H6ppm components”) attached and impregnated with the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitors according to embodiments of the present invention attached, and when the components are not attached (“CO ppm” and “C2H6ppm”).

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, compared to the case without the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100), the secondary battery containing the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100) can effectively suppress the toxic gases hydrogen chloride (HCl) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) generated when the secondary battery catches fire. Therefore, the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention can effectively suppress or neutralize the toxic gases generated during the thermal runaway and fire process of the secondary battery.

[0073] The above-mentioned inhibition or neutralization effect can be explained by adsorption reaction and conversion reaction. The secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor can be formed by compounding the following substances: containing one (1) or two (2) or more carbonate ions, chloride ions, hydroxide ions and phosphate ions, which can initiate adsorption reaction and conversion reaction for fire generated during thermal runaway of secondary battery; and containing one (1) or two (2) or more monovalent, divalent and trivalent cations.

[0074] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor may be in one (1) or two (2) or more states of paste, liquid, and gas. The secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor thus disposed may be disposed in a separately defined area inside the secondary battery. Alternatively, the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor may not be disposed in a separately defined area, but may be disposed inside the secondary battery in a state of being impregnated in a carrier such as a sheet. In this case, the sheet impregnated with the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor may be disposed on the outer surface, inner surface, or inner surface of the pouch forming each cell of the secondary battery, and may be disposed not only on the entire surface of the pouch, but also on a portion of the surface of the pouch.

[0075] In addition, the sheet impregnated with the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor can also be disposed therein by coating or attaching it to the inner surface of the battery pack housing containing the secondary battery, or by spraying it inside or outside the battery pack.

[0076] When a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention experiences thermal runaway, causing the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor to decompose due to heat, reactive decomposition gases and cationic metal ions may be generated and released.

[0077] The released reactive decomposition gas can suppress fires and also detoxify the toxic gases released by secondary batteries. According to the embodiments of the present invention, the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor can be composed of one (1) or two (2) or more of carbonates, chlorides, hydroxides and phosphates. The reactive decomposition gas released after thermal decomposition can be one (1) or two (2) or more of carbon dioxide (CO2), chlorine, hydroxyl radicals and phosphoric acid gas.

[0078] Furthermore, cationic metal ions absorb free radicals generated by electric sparks or flames, thereby blocking the chain reaction of combustion reactions and inhibiting the chain reaction of fires.

[0079] The secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant according to embodiments of the present invention may include one or more of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3), and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3).

[0080] According to embodiments of the present invention, the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor may include a chloride salt, wherein the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor may include a chloride salt composed of one (1) or two (2) or more of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), potassium chloride (KCl), aluminum chloride (AlCl3) and sodium chloride (NaCl).

[0081] According to embodiments of the present invention, the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant may contain a hydroxide salt, wherein the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant may include a hydroxide salt composed of one (1) or two (2) or more of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2).

[0082] According to embodiments of the present invention, the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor may contain phosphates, wherein the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor may include phosphates composed of one (1) or two (2) or more of ammonium phosphate ((NH4)3PO4), sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) and potassium phosphate (K3PO4).

[0083] The compounding of carbonate substances in the toxic gas inhibitors for secondary battery fires can be implemented, for example, as shown in Table 5 above.

[0084] Table 5

[0085] The compounding of chloride salts in the toxic gas inhibitors for secondary battery fires can be implemented, for example, as shown in Table 6 above.

[0086] Table 6

[0087] The compounding of hydroxide substances in the toxic gas inhibitors for secondary battery fires can be implemented, for example, as shown in Table 7.

[0088] Table 7

[0089] The formulation of phosphate substances in the toxic gas inhibitors for secondary battery fires can be implemented, for example, as shown in Table 8.

[0090] Table 8

[0091] Here, the carbonate contained in the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor according to embodiments of the present invention may be selected based on the flammable gas. The selection can be made by the secondary battery manufacturer or user based on the operating environment (e.g., operating temperature) of the secondary battery containing the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor according to embodiments of the present invention, or based on the type of gas determined to be a hazardous flammable gas.

[0092] That is, depending on the usage or working environment, the flammable gases that are judged to be potentially igniting a dangerous fire when using secondary batteries may vary. For example, CO may be judged to be a gas that may ignite a dangerous fire in a secondary battery. In this case, depending on the flammable gases that may ignite a dangerous fire, appropriate carbonates may be selected for use alone or in combination.

[0093] For example, if the flammable gas that may cause a dangerous fire is carbon monoxide (CO), the mixture may include 55% by weight sodium carbonate, 20% by weight sodium bicarbonate, and 5% by weight magnesium carbonate. The carbonate may be formed by compounding the above substances. Additionally, it may include 30% by weight ammonium chloride, 20% by weight potassium chloride, and 10% by weight aluminum chloride. The chloride may be formed by compounding the above substances. Furthermore, it may include 40% by weight sodium hydroxide, 20% by weight calcium hydroxide, and 10% by weight magnesium hydroxide. The hydroxide powder may be formed by compounding the above substances. Furthermore, it may include 20% by weight ammonium phosphate, 20% by weight potassium phosphate, 10% by weight calcium phosphate, and 10% by weight magnesium phosphate. The phosphate may be formed by compounding the above substances. In addition, one or more of the above carbonates, chlorides, hydroxides, or phosphates may be compounded.

[0094] On the other hand, the organic binder (120) can be mixed with carbonate (121).

[0095] Furthermore, the organic binder (120) may include one or more organic adhesives and elastomers. Thus, the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100) can be formed in any shape.

[0096] Figure 3 A photograph illustrating the paste-like state of a secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0097] like Figure 3 As shown, the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor can be mixed with one or more organic binders (120) including organic adhesives and rubbers to form a paste.

[0098] Specifically, Figure 3 The secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor shown is a mixture of 80% by weight of carbonate and 20% by weight of flexible polyurethane as an organic binder (120).

[0099] This paste-like form of secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor can be applied or coated onto the casing containing the secondary battery (see reference). Figure 5 At that time, it corresponds to the inner surface of the battery pack cover (20).

[0100] In the event of a fire in a secondary battery and the temperature rises to a level deemed dangerous, each carbonate can decompose sequentially according to its decomposition initiation temperature, releasing carbon dioxide and cationic metal ions.

[0101] Therefore, the asphyxiating effect of carbon dioxide can block oxygen from approaching the flammable gases released by the secondary battery. Furthermore, it can convert lithium, which could potentially cause a fire, into lithium carbonate, thus rendering it non-flammable, while simultaneously absorbing free radicals generated by the spark, thereby inhibiting the spread of the fire.

[0102] The toxic gas suppressant for secondary battery fires can also be configured as a flexible gasket.

[0103] In the case of multiple secondary batteries, a secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor pad in the form of a pad according to an embodiment of the present invention can be disposed between at least any one of the multiple secondary batteries.

[0104] In the event of a secondary battery fire that generates heat and reaches a temperature range deemed hazardous, the carbonates in the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant pad decompose sequentially according to their decomposition initiation temperatures, releasing carbon dioxide and cationic metal ions. This can suppress the spread of the fire or extinguish it.

[0105] On the other hand, when necessary, the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100) may further contain solid powder.

[0106] Figure 4 To show a photograph of a secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 This is an exploded view of a secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0107] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) may include a pair of fiber components (210, 220) and a secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100).

[0108] The pair of fiber components (210, 220) may be non-flammable fiber components. Furthermore, a secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100) may be disposed between the pair of fiber components (210, 220).

[0109] In this embodiment, the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) can be formed by first coating a paste-like secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100) onto one of the fiber components (220), and then covering it with another fiber component (210). A coating machine can be used to coat the paste-like secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100).

[0110] Alternatively, the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) can also be formed by first molding the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant (100) into a pad shape, and then attaching a pair of fiber components (210, 220) to both sides of the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppressant pad formed into a pad shape.

[0111] The secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) may be configured to cover at least a portion of the secondary battery. See also Figure 4 The secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) can be disposed on the inside of the battery pack cover (20) to cover the battery pack (10).

[0112] Since the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) can be formed to correspond to the shape of the battery pack (10), it can stably cover the entire battery pack (10).

[0113] In the event of a fire in a secondary battery and the temperature rises to a level deemed dangerous, the carbonates in the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) decompose sequentially according to their decomposition initiation temperature, releasing carbon dioxide and cationic metal ions. This can suppress the spread of the fire or extinguish it.

[0114] like Figure 5 As shown, the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) may also include a pair of fiber components (210, 220), a secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100), an electric heating wire (300), and a switch (400).

[0115] A pair of fiber components (210, 220) and a secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100) can be used with Figure 4 and Figure 5 The same as described in the text.

[0116] The heating wire (300) can be disposed on either of the pair of fiber components (220). The heating wire (300) can be in direct contact with the secondary battery fire toxic gas inhibitor (100). Furthermore, the heating wire (300) can be connected to the secondary battery (11).

[0117] Furthermore, the switch (400) can be connected to the heating wire (3W). In one embodiment, the switch (400) can be connected to the heating wire (300) on the outside of the fiber component (220).

[0118] If the detected temperature exceeds a preset permissible temperature, the switch (400) allows current from the secondary battery (11) to be applied to the heating wire (300) disposed on the fiber component (220), thereby heating the heating wire (300). The heating wire (300) can be Joule heated. Here, the permissible temperature can be a dangerous temperature required by the user.

[0119] Therefore, in the event of a fire and when the temperature exceeds a dangerous level, the current from the secondary battery (11) can be applied to the heating wire (300), thereby heating the heating wire (300). Furthermore, the carbonate can be decomposed under the heat of the heating wire (300).

[0120] At this point, the heating wire (300) can be heated to the lowest decomposition initiation temperature corresponding to the powder contained in the extinguishing agent. This allows the powder with the lowest decomposition initiation temperature to undergo initial decomposition. If the fire is not extinguished by a single extinguishing process, the temperature will rise, allowing for a second and third extinguishing process.

[0121] The switch (400) can be configured to set an allowable temperature according to the hazardous temperature required by the user. Thus, the extinguishing process start temperature of the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) can be easily and accurately set according to various hazardous temperatures required by different users.

[0122] As one embodiment, the switch (400) may be configured to include a bimetallic strip capable of automatically switching on and off based on temperature.

[0123] Furthermore, the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) may further include a temperature sensor unit (500) for temperature detection. In this case, the switch (400) may be configured to perform switching action based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor unit (500).

[0124] On the other hand, the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) is not limited to temperature as the detection object, but can also use other objects as the detection object. For example, the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) can also use pressure as the detection object.

[0125] When pressure is used as the detection target, the secondary battery fire toxic gas suppression component (1000) may further include a pressure sensor unit (not shown).

[0126] The pressure sensor unit can detect the internal pressure of the secondary battery (11).

[0127] In the event of a fire that causes an increase in the internal pressure of the secondary battery (11) and the sensed pressure exceeds a preset allowable pressure, the switch (400) can apply current from the secondary battery (11) to the heating wire (300) arranged on the fiber component (220), and the heating wire (300) can be heated.

[0128] The above description of the present invention is merely exemplary. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be easily modified into other specific forms without altering its technical concept or basic characteristics. Therefore, the above embodiments should be understood in all respects as exemplary and not limiting. For example, the constituent elements described as integral may also be implemented separately; similarly, the constituent elements described as separately arranged may also be implemented in a combined form.

[0129] The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims described below, and it should be interpreted that all modifications or variations derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are included within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A fire toxic gas inhibitor, comprising: One or more first substances having a decomposition initiation temperature; as well as A second substance that is mixed with and binds the first substance; wherein the first substance decomposes upon reaching the decomposition initiation temperature, thereby detoxifying the toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fire occurs.

2. The fire toxic gas inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first substance decomposes into reactive decomposition gases that can detoxify the toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fire occurs, thereby detoxifying the toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fire occurs.

3. The fire toxic gas inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first substance includes two or more substances. The two or more substances have two or more decomposition initiation temperatures and decompose in stages, thereby detoxifying the toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fire occurs.

4. The fire toxic gas inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first substance includes one or more of carbonates, chlorides, hydroxides and phosphates, and can detoxify the toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fires.

5. The fire toxic gas inhibitor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carbonate includes one or more of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3), and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3), and is capable of detoxifying the toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fires.

6. The fire toxic gas inhibitor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The chloride salt includes one or more of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), potassium chloride (KCl), aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and sodium chloride (NaCl), and can detoxify the toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fire occurs.

7. The fire toxic gas inhibitor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hydroxide salt includes one or more of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), and can detoxify the toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fires.

8. The fire toxic gas inhibitor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The phosphate includes one or more of ammonium phosphate ((NH4)3PO4), sodium phosphate (Na3PO4), and potassium phosphate (K3PO4), and can detoxify the toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fires.

9. The fire toxic gas inhibitor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fire toxic gas inhibitor is configured in one or more states, including paste, liquid, and gas, and is capable of neutralizing the toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fire occurs.

10. The fire toxic gas inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second substance includes one or more of organic adhesives and elastomers, and is capable of detoxifying toxic substances produced when a secondary battery fire occurs.

11. A fire-resistant toxic gas suppression component, characterized in that, include: A pair of fiber components; And a fire toxic gas inhibitor, disposed between the pair of fiber components; The fire toxic gas inhibitor includes: one or more non-toxic substances having a decomposition initiation temperature, wherein the non-toxic substances decompose upon reaching the decomposition initiation temperature and are able to detoxify the toxic substances. And an organic binder mixed with the non-toxic substance.

12. A secondary battery, characterized in that, include: Fire toxic gas inhibitors; The fire toxic gas inhibitor comprises: one or more non-toxic substances having a decomposition initiation temperature; and an organic binder mixed with the non-toxic substances; The non-toxic substance decomposes when it reaches the decomposition initiation temperature, thereby neutralizing the toxic substances that may be produced when a secondary battery catches fire.

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