Solids containing metals, methods for manufacturing solids containing metals, methods for melting metals, and methods for manufacturing metal castings.

Abstract

The solid of the present invention is a metal-containing solid having a fusion-bonded portion and a diffusion-bonded portion of the metal in its cross-section. The solid of the present invention is a metal-containing solid having a high-density layer with few voids on the surface side in its cross-section, and a low-density layer surrounded by the high-density layer and having many voids in its cross-section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a solid containing metal, a method for manufacturing a solid containing metal, a method for melting metal, and a method for manufacturing metal castings. Background Technology

[0002] The requirement is for a metallic solid with structural and mechanical properties corresponding to its intended use.

[0003] Existing technical documents Patent documents Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2022 / 196681 Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical issues One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a metallic solid with a novel structure.

[0005] Technical solution [1] A solid, which is a solid containing metal, having a fusion joint of metal and a diffusion joint of metal in a cross section.

[0006] [2] According to the solid described in [1], in at least one of the fusion joint and the diffusion joint, there are portions with different crystalline structures separated.

[0007] [3] According to the solid described in [1] or [2], the region surrounded by at least one of the fusion joint and the diffusion joint contains metal grains.

[0008] [4] The solid according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the region surrounded by at least one of the fusion joint and the diffusion joint comprises columnar crystals of metal.

[0009] [5] The solid according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the region surrounded by at least one of the fusion joint and the diffusion joint contains equiaxed crystals of the metal.

[0010] [6] According to the solid described in [5], the equiaxed crystal has at least one of dendritic structure and eutectic structure.

[0011] [7] The solid according to any one of [1] to [6], the region surrounded by at least one of the fusion joint and the diffusion joint includes at least two regions selected from the region containing metal grains, the region containing metal columnar crystals, and the region containing metal equiaxed crystals.

[0012] [8] According to the solid described in [7], the equiaxed crystal has at least one of dendritic structure and eutectic structure.

[0013] [9] The solid according to any one of [1] to [8] has a metallic eutectic structure in the fused joint.

[0014]

[10] In any one of [1] to [9], the solid interface is not connected to other interfaces in the fused joint.

[0015]

[11] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[10] has an interface at the diffusion junction.

[0016]

[12] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[11] has pores in the diffusion junction.

[0017]

[13] According to any one of [1] to

[12] , the metal includes a variety of metal species.

[0018]

[14] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[13] is free of oxides in at least one of the fusion joint and the diffusion joint.

[0019]

[15] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[13] has an oxide in at least one of the fusion joint and the diffusion joint.

[0020]

[16] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[15] is free of oil in at least one of the fusion joint and the diffusion joint.

[0021]

[17] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[15] has oil in at least one of the fusion joint and the diffusion joint.

[0022]

[18] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[17] has no release agent in at least one of the melt joint and the diffusion joint.

[0023]

[19] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[17] has a release agent in at least one of the melt joint and the diffusion joint.

[0024]

[20] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[19] also has a tight joint in the cross section that is different from the melt joint and the diffusion joint.

[0025]

[21] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[20] is porous.

[0026]

[22] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[21] is flexible.

[0027]

[23] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[22] also includes nonmetals.

[0028]

[24] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[23] has no oxide film on its surface.

[0029]

[25] The solid according to any one of [1] to

[24] is used to dissolve in a molten soup.

[0030]

[26] A solid comprising a metal has: a high-density layer having few voids on the surface side in a cross section; and a low-density layer being surrounded by the high-density layer in a cross section and having many voids. Here, the metal may be aluminum.

[0031]

[27] The solid according to

[26] has a molten metal junction and a diffuse metal junction in the cross section.

[0032]

[28] The solid described in

[26] or

[27] is porous.

[0033]

[29] The solid according to any one of

[26] to

[28] is flexible.

[0034]

[30] The solid according to any one of

[26] to

[29] has no oxide film on its surface.

[0035]

[31] The solid according to any one of

[26] to

[30] is used to dissolve in a molten soup.

[0036]

[32] A method for manufacturing a metal-containing solid includes the step of irradiating a variety of metal materials with microwaves to form a metal-containing solid, wherein the metal-containing solid has a fusion joint and a diffusion joint of metal in its cross-section. The metal-containing solid may be any one of [1] to

[31] .

[0037]

[33] According to the manufacturing method of the solid containing metal described in

[32] , each of the various metal materials has any one of two or more different crystal structures.

[0038]

[34] According to the manufacturing method of the solid containing metal described in

[32] or

[33] , the oxides of the various metal materials are reduced by irradiating them with microwaves.

[0039]

[35] The method for manufacturing a solid containing metal according to any one of

[32] to

[34] reduces the amount of non-metal mixed with the various metal materials by irradiating the various metal materials with microwaves.

[0040]

[36] A method for melting a metal includes the steps of: preparing a solid containing a metal, the solid being a solid containing a metal and having a fusion junction and a diffusion junction of the metal in a cross section; and melting the solid containing the metal in a molten liquid. The solid containing the metal may be any one of [1] to

[31] .

[0041]

[37] According to the metal melting method described in

[36] , the solid containing the metal is formed by irradiating various metal materials with microwaves.

[0042]

[38] According to the metal melting method described in

[37] , each of the various metal materials has any one of two or more different crystal structures.

[0043]

[39] According to the metal melting method described in

[37] or

[38] , the oxides of various metal materials are reduced by irradiating them with microwaves.

[0044]

[40] The melting method of the metal according to any one of

[37] to

[39] reduces the amount of non-metal mixed with the multiple metal materials by irradiating the multiple metal materials with microwaves.

[0045]

[41] The method for melting a metal according to any one of

[36] to

[40] further includes heating the solid containing the metal at a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal before melting the solid containing the metal in the molten broth.

[0046]

[42] A method for melting a metal includes the steps of: preparing a solid containing a metal, which is a solid containing a metal having a high-density layer with few voids on the surface side in the cross section and a low-density layer surrounded by the high-density layer in the cross section and having many voids; and melting the solid containing the metal in a molten liquid. The solid containing the metal may be any one of [1] to

[31] .

[0047]

[43] According to the metal melting method described in

[42] , the solid containing the metal is formed by irradiating various metal materials with microwaves.

[0048]

[44] According to the metal melting method described in

[43] , each of the various metal materials has any one of two or more different crystal structures.

[0049]

[45] According to the metal melting method described in

[43] or

[44] , the oxides of various metal materials are reduced by irradiating them with microwaves.

[0050]

[46] The melting method of the metal according to any one of

[43] to

[45] reduces the amount of non-metal mixed with the multiple metal materials by irradiating the multiple metal materials with microwaves.

[0051]

[47] The method for melting a metal according to any one of

[42] to

[46] further includes heating the solid containing the metal at a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal before melting the solid containing the metal in the molten broth.

[0052]

[48] ​​A method for manufacturing a metal casting includes the following steps: preparing a solid containing metal, which is a solid containing metal and has a fusion joint of metal and a diffusion joint of metal in a cross section; dissolving the solid containing metal in a molten liquid; injecting the molten liquid obtained by dissolving the solid containing metal into a mold; and solidifying the molten liquid in the mold.

[0053]

[49] According to the method for manufacturing metal castings described in

[48] , the solid containing metal is formed by irradiating various metal materials with microwaves.

[0054]

[50] According to the manufacturing method of the metal casting described in

[49] , each of the various metal materials has any one of two or more different crystal structures.

[0055]

[51] According to the manufacturing method of metal castings described in

[49] or

[50] , the oxides of various metal materials are reduced by irradiating them with microwaves.

[0056]

[52] The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to any one of

[49] to

[51] involves irradiating a variety of metal materials with microwaves, thereby reducing the amount of non-metals mixed with the various metal materials.

[0057]

[53] The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to any one of

[48] to

[52] further includes the step of heating the solid containing the metal at a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal before melting the solid containing the metal in the molten broth.

[0058]

[54] A method for manufacturing a metal casting includes the following steps: preparing a solid containing metal, which is a solid containing metal and has a high-density layer with few voids on the surface side in the cross section, and a low-density layer surrounded by the high-density layer in the cross section with many voids; dissolving the solid containing metal in a molten liquid; injecting the molten liquid obtained by dissolving the solid containing metal into a mold; and solidifying the molten liquid in the mold.

[0059]

[55] According to the manufacturing method of the metal casting described in

[54] , the solid containing metal is formed by irradiating various metal materials with microwaves.

[0060]

[56] According to the manufacturing method of the metal casting described in

[55] , each of the various metal materials has any one of two or more different crystal structures.

[0061]

[57] According to the manufacturing method of metal castings described in

[55] or

[56] , the oxides of various metal materials are reduced by irradiating them with microwaves.

[0062]

[58] The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to any one of

[55] to

[57] involves irradiating a variety of metal materials with microwaves, thereby reducing the amount of non-metals mixed with the various metal materials.

[0063]

[59] The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to any one of

[54] to

[58] further includes the step of heating the solid containing the metal at a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal before melting the solid containing the metal in the molten broth.

[0064] Technical effect According to the present invention, a metallic solid with a novel structure can be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0065] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional microscope image of the A6061 metallic solid from Example 1.

[0066] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional microscope image of the ADC12 metallic solid from Example 2.

[0067] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional microscope image of the oxygen-free copper metallic solid from Example 3.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional microscope image of the ADC12 ingot from Comparative Example 1.

[0069] Figure 5 These are cross-sectional photographs of the metallic solids of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2.

[0070] Figure 6 These are cross-sectional SEM images of the metallic solids of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2.

[0071] Figure 7 The graph shows the SEM-EDX analysis results of the metallic solids of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2.

[0072] Figure 8 shows CT scan images of the metallic solids of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2.

[0073] Figure 9 These are photographs showing compression tests of the solid metals in Example 5 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4.

[0074] Figure 10 The graph shows the results of compression tests on the solid metals of Example 5 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4.

[0075] Figure 11 These are photographs showing the load tests of the metallic solids in Example 5 and Comparative Example 3.

[0076] Figure 12 These are photographs showing the load tests of the metallic solids in Example 5 and Comparative Example 3.

[0077] Figure 13 These are photographs of the solid metals from Example 5 and Comparative Example 3 being immersed in molten metal.

[0078] Figure 14 This is a photograph of the solid metal from Comparative Example 5 being immersed in molten water.

[0079] Figure 15 This is a photograph of the metallic solid from Example 7.

[0080] Figure 16 is a cross-sectional photograph of the metallic solid of Example 7.

[0081] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional photograph of the metallic solid in Example 8.

[0082] Figure 18 This is a conceptual diagram of another implementation method. Detailed Implementation

[0083] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the drawings are schematic. Therefore, specific dimensions, etc., should be determined by referring to the following description. In addition, this also includes the parts in the drawings that have different dimensional relationships or ratios.

[0084] The solid containing metal in the embodiment has a fusion-bonded portion and a diffusion-bonded portion of metal in its cross-section. Furthermore, the solid containing metal in the embodiment has a high-density layer with few voids on the surface side in its cross-section, and a low-density layer surrounded by the high-density layer with many voids in its cross-section. Additionally, the solid containing metal in the embodiment has a fusion-bonded portion and a diffusion-bonded portion of metal in its cross-section, and the solid containing metal in the embodiment has a high-density layer with few voids on the surface side in its cross-section, and a low-density layer surrounded by the high-density layer with many voids in its cross-section.

[0085] The solid containing metal in this embodiment is manufactured, for example, by heating multiple metal materials by irradiating them with microwaves, thereby sintering or melting the multiple metal materials. Microwaves are, for example, electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 300 MHz or higher and 30 GHz or lower. The temperature of the metal as a whole heated by microwaves is not limited, but is, for example, below the melting point of the metal. However, the surface of the metal material, etc., can also be locally heated to a temperature above the melting point.

[0086] The shape and size of the metallic material are not limited. The metallic material can be, for example, a metal sheet. The metal sheet can be, for example, a metal slice, metal fragment, metal shavings, metal chips, or metal powder. Multiple metallic materials can be a mixture of various large and small metallic materials. There is a tendency that the larger the metallic material, the larger the porosity of the resulting solid. Conversely, there is a tendency that the smaller the metallic material, the smaller the porosity of the resulting solid. Therefore, the size of the porosity of the resulting solid can be adjusted by changing the size of the metallic material.

[0087] Multiple metallic materials irradiated by microwaves can also be molded into shaped bodies. For example, a shaped body composed of multiple metallic materials can be manufactured by filling a mold with multiple metallic materials and applying pressure to the materials. The shaped body can be a lump. It can also be disc-shaped, but is not limited to that. It can also be coil-shaped. Although the pressure applied to the multiple metallic materials is not limited, it can be, for example, 1 MPa or more, 100 MPa or more, 200 MPa or more but less than 2000 MPa, 1900 MPa or less, or 1800 MPa or less. There is a tendency to make the manufactured solid metal more compact by applying pressure. Examples of pressure application methods include single-screw molding, cold isostatic pressing (CIP) molding, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) molding, and roll forming.

[0088] Metallic materials can include elemental metals or metallic compounds such as alloys. Metals can be conductive, magnetic, or microwave-absorbing. Examples of metals include iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), tin (Sn), cerium (Ce), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), sodium (Na), bismuth (Bi), gallium (Ga), lithium (Li), zinc (Zn), silicon (Si), niobium (Nb), and scandium (Sc).

[0089] The sintering temperature of iron (Fe) is, for example, 1200℃. The melting point of iron (Fe) is 1538℃. The sintering temperature of nickel (Ni) is, for example, 1200℃. The melting point of nickel (Ni) is 1495℃. The sintering temperature of copper (Cu) is, for example, 800℃. The melting point of copper (Cu) is 1085℃. The sintering temperature of gold (Au) is, for example, 800℃. The melting point of gold (Au) is 1064℃. The sintering temperature of silver (Ag) is, for example, 750℃. The melting point of silver (Ag) is 962℃. The sintering temperature of aluminum (Al) is, for example, 500℃. The melting point of aluminum (Al) is 660℃. The sintering temperature of cobalt (Co) is, for example, 1100℃. The melting point of cobalt (Co) is 1455℃.

[0090] Metallic materials can include one metal or multiple metals. Examples of metallic compounds include alloys composed of multiple metallic elements, alloys composed of metallic and non-metallic elements, oxides of metals, hydroxides of metals, chlorides of metals, carbides of metals, borides of metals, and sulfides of metals, but are not limited thereto. As alloying components, metallic materials can include, for example, silicon (Si), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), carbon (C), boron (B), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), antimony (Sb), palladium (Pd), lanthanum (La), gold (Au), potassium (K), cadmium (Cd), indium (In), molybdenum (Mo), and sulfur (S).

[0091] Each of the various metallic materials can have any of two or more different crystal structures. The various metallic materials can be a mixture of metallic materials with different crystal structures. For example, metallic materials can be obtained by machining a die-casting casting. The die-casting casting has a chilled layer composed of fine grains, a columnar crystal band composed of elongated grains (i.e., columnar crystals), and an equiaxed crystal band composed of equiaxed crystals with isotropic grain orientation. The equiaxed crystals can have at least one of dendritic structure and eutectic structure. Therefore, the metallic material can be a metallic material with a crystal structure of fine grains originating from the chilled layer, a metallic material with a crystal structure of columnar crystals originating from the columnar crystal band, and a metallic material with a crystal structure of equiaxed crystals originating from the equiaxed crystal band. If a metallic material is irradiated with microwaves, the vicinity of the surface is preferentially heated than the interior. Therefore, there is a tendency for the internal crystal structure of the metallic material to be maintained even when irradiated with microwaves. However, if a metallic material is irradiated with strong microwaves, the metallic material can be recrystallized.

[0092] Non-metals such as release agents, coolants, oils, and water can be mixed into metallic materials. It should be noted that in this disclosure, mixing includes adhesion resulting from mixing, as well as adjacent materials without adhesion resulting from mixing. Furthermore, in this disclosure, mixing includes a state in which different materials are contained within a material. The same applies hereinafter. Non-metals can be silicon, oxygen, and fluorine. Non-metals can be removed by vaporizing them when irradiated with microwaves. However, if it is desired that non-metals remain, it is also possible to make them remain by adjusting the energy of the microwaves. If the microwave energy is high, there is a tendency for non-metals not to remain. If the microwave energy is low, there is a tendency for non-metals to remain.

[0093] Oxides, such as oxide films, can form on metallic materials. When metallic materials are cut, the surface reaches high temperatures, creating a tendency for an oxide film to form. These oxides are removed by vaporizing them when irradiated with microwaves. However, if it is desired to leave oxide residue, the microwave energy can be adjusted. Higher microwave energy tends to prevent oxide residue, while lower energy tends to leave it.

[0094] Metallic materials can contain hydrogen. Hydrogen can be removed by vaporizing it through microwave irradiation. However, if it is desired to leave hydrogen behind, the energy of the microwave can be adjusted. Higher microwave energy tends to prevent hydrogen from leaving behind, while lower energy tends to leave hydrogen behind.

[0095] When heating metallic materials using microwaves, the metallic material can be placed into a mold. Microwave heating of metallic materials can be carried out in an inert gas environment. Examples of inert gases include argon (Ar) and helium (He). Alternatively, microwave heating of metallic materials can also be carried out in a neutral gas environment. Examples of neutral gases include nitrogen (N2), dry hydrogen (H2), and ammonia (NH3). The metal contained in the raw material can react with the gas. For example, if the raw material contains aluminum (Al), aluminum can react with nitrogen (N2) to form aluminum nitride (AlN).

[0096] Microwave heating of metallic materials can also be performed in a reducing environment. Examples of reducing gases that provide this environment include hydrogen (H2), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbons (CH4, C3H8, C4H). 10(etc.). Microwave heating of metallic materials can also be performed in a vacuum. If oxidation of the metallic material is desired, it can be heated using microwaves in an oxygen environment. For example, if the metallic raw material contains aluminum (Al), the aluminum is oxidized to Al₂O₃. Gases generated during microwave heating of the metallic material can be drawn from and removed from its surroundings.

[0097] Metal alloying can be achieved by heating metallic materials mixed with alloying components using microwaves. Furthermore, when heating metallic materials with microwaves, additives such as carbon (C) can be added to the metal, causing the metal to combine with the additives. Light elements (fluorine elements) mixed in with metals can also be removed by heating metallic materials with microwaves.

[0098] For a manufactured solid containing metal, the surface of the solid may or may not have an oxide film. If the energy of the microwaves irradiating the metal material is high, there is a tendency for the manufactured solid containing metal to have no oxide film on its surface. If the energy of the microwaves is low, there is a tendency for the manufactured solid containing metal to have an oxide film on its surface. For example, when the solid containing metal is intended to be immersed in molten metal, it is preferable that the surface has no oxide film.

[0099] Pressure can be applied to various metallic materials or manufactured solids containing metals at at least one of the following periods: before, during, and after microwave irradiation. While the pressure is not limited, it can be, for example, 1 MPa or more, 100 MPa or more, 200 MPa or more but less than 2000 MPa, 1900 MPa or less, or 1800 MPa or less. There is a tendency to densify the manufactured metallic solids by applying pressure. Examples of pressure application methods include single-screw molding, cold isostatic pressing (CIP) molding, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) molding, and roll forming.

[0100] The fusion-bonded portion in the cross-section of the metal-containing solid of the embodiment is a portion where the metals are joined together by melting. The diffusion-bonded portion in the cross-section of the metal-containing solid of the embodiment is a portion where the metals are joined together by diffusion bonding. As described above, each of the various metallic materials can originate from at least one of a chilled layer, columnar grains, and equiaxed grains. Therefore, the region of the metal-containing solid surrounded by at least one of the fusion-bonded portion and the diffusion-bonded portion can contain metal grains. Additionally, the region of the metal-containing solid surrounded by at least one of the fusion-bonded portion and the diffusion-bonded portion can contain columnar crystals of the metal. Additionally, the region of the metal-containing solid surrounded by at least one of the fusion-bonded portion and the diffusion-bonded portion can contain equiaxed crystals of the metal. The region of the metal-containing solid surrounded by at least one of the fusion-bonded portion and the diffusion-bonded portion can include at least two selected from the region containing metal grains, the region containing metal columnar crystals, and the region containing metal equiaxed crystals.

[0101] The solid containing metal has a eutectic structure of metal in the fused joint. In the fused joint, the interface may be interrupted midway without connecting to other interfaces. There may also be no interface in the fused joint. Even without an interface, a fused joint exists between adjacent regions where regions composed of crystals with different structures are adjacent. For example, even without an interface, a fused joint exists between regions containing metallic grains and regions containing metallic columnar crystals, between regions containing metallic grains and regions containing metallic equiaxed crystals, and between regions containing metallic columnar crystals and regions containing metallic equiaxed crystals. The fused joint may or may not contain oxides. Additionally, the fused joint may or may not contain nonmetals. For example, when the solid containing metal is intended to be added to a molten solution, it is preferable that the fused joint does not contain oxides or nonmetals. For example, when the solid containing metal is used as an elastic material, it is preferable that the fused joint contains nonmetals such as resin.

[0102] The solid containing metal may have an interface at the diffusion joint. Additionally, the solid containing metal may also have pores at the diffusion joint. The diffusion joint may or may not contain oxides. Similarly, the diffusion joint may or may not contain non-metals. For example, when the solid containing metal is intended to be added to a molten metal, it is preferable that the diffusion joint is free of oxides and non-metals. For example, when the solid containing metal is used as an elastic material, it is preferable that a non-metal such as resin is present at the diffusion joint.

[0103] A solid containing metal may have portions in at least one of the fusion joint and the diffusion joint having different crystalline structures separated. The fusion joint and diffusion joint formed by the interface between the metal materials can be mesh-like. In the cross-section of the solid containing metal, the multiple regions separated by the mesh-like fusion joint and diffusion joint can each have any one of two or more different crystalline structures. The solid containing metal has multiple regions in its cross-section, and each of the multiple regions can have any one of two or more different crystalline structures. A solid containing metal manufactured by bonding the metal materials together through microwave irradiation has mechanical strength and is therefore less prone to detachment during transport.

[0104] Solids containing metals can also have tightly bound joints in their cross-sections, different from fused joints and diffused joints. In a tightly bound joint, for example, the metals are held together by pressure from their surroundings. For example, when molded bodies containing multiple metal materials are stacked and irradiated with microwaves, tightly bound joints can form at the interfaces between the molded bodies. However, fused joints and diffused joints can also form at the interfaces between the molded bodies. The joints formed by the interfaces between the molded bodies can be linear.

[0105] In solids containing metals manufactured by irradiating various metal materials with microwaves, voids are generated in the portions where the metal materials are not bonded together. Therefore, the solids containing metals in the embodiments can be porous materials containing voids internally. For solids containing metals manufactured by irradiating various metal materials with microwaves, there is a tendency to form a high-density layer with few voids on the surface side of the cross-section. Conversely, for solids containing metals, there is a tendency to have a low-density layer surrounded by a high-density layer with many voids in the cross-section. In solids containing metals manufactured without microwave irradiation, there is a tendency for the void density to be uniform.

[0106] The volume ratio of voids in the solid containing metal in the embodiment is, for example, 0% or more and 50% or less, 15% or more and 45% or less, or 30% or more and 40% or less. The solid containing metal in the embodiment can be flexible. As described above, the size of the voids can be adjusted according to the size of the metal slice irradiated with microwaves. Therefore, the volume ratio of voids in the solid containing metal can be adjusted. There is a tendency that the larger the volume ratio of voids in the solid containing metal, the higher the flexibility of the solid containing metal. There is a tendency that the smaller the volume ratio of voids in the solid containing metal, the lower the flexibility of the solid containing metal. The flexible solid containing metal can be used as a material with strong resistance to pressure and vibration. The solid containing metal in the embodiment may or may not have an oxide film on the surface of the solid interior in contact with the voids, or it may have an oxide film on the surface of the solid interior in contact with the voids. If the energy of the microwaves irradiating the metal material is high, there is a tendency that the surface of the solid containing metal in contact with the voids will not have an oxide film. If the microwave energy is low, there is a tendency for the surfaces of the solid containing metal that come into contact with the voids to have an oxide film. For example, if the solid containing metal is intended to be immersed in a molten solution, it is preferable that the surfaces of the solid that come into contact with the voids do not have an oxide film.

[0107] The metallic solid of the embodiments can be used for melting in a molten solution. The molten solution contains a metal. Preferably, at least a portion of the metal contained in the molten solution is the same as at least a portion of the metal contained in the metallic solid of the embodiments. For example, the specific gravity of the metallic solid of the embodiments is greater than that of the molten solution. Metal castings are manufactured by pouring the molten solution obtained from melting the metallic solid of the embodiments into a mold and allowing the molten solution to solidify in the mold. Metallic solids containing metals that have no oxides or non-metals on their surface and interior, or have few oxides and non-metals, can suppress the generation of gas and vapor explosions, fires, slag, and bubbling even when poured into a molten solution. In addition, metallic solids containing metals that have no oxides or have few oxides on their surface and interior, due to their high wettability relative to the molten solution, easily sink into the molten solution. Therefore, compared to solids that do not easily sink into the molten solution, solids that easily sink into the molten solution melt faster because they have better internal heat transfer.

[0108] Therefore, for the metal-containing solid of the embodiment, the heating temperature before being added to the molten metal can be reduced, the melting time of the high-temperature molten metal can be shortened, the energy required for heating can be reduced, and the carbon dioxide (CO2) generated during heating can be reduced. In addition, since the metal material used as the material of the metal-containing solid of the embodiment can be recycled, the production of new metal can be reduced.

[0109] The uses of the metal-containing solids of the embodiments are not limited to melting them in molten water and reusing them. The metal-containing solids of the embodiments can be used for various purposes. For example, the metal-containing solids of the embodiments can be used as fertilizers, tools, additives for material blending, bactericides, and sterilizing agents. Furthermore, when manufacturing the metal-containing solids of the embodiments by microwave irradiation, carbon and resin can be left behind, thus containing carbon and resin. It is also possible to combine the metal with non-metals such as carbon and resin. Metal-containing solids containing carbon or resin can be used as sound-absorbing components, sound-absorbing tools, vibration-damping components, and vibration-damping tools. As an example of a vibration-damping tool, a vibration-damping hammer can be cited. Furthermore, when manufacturing the metal-containing solids of the embodiments by microwave irradiation, a catalyst can also be added to the metal material and left behind, thus containing a catalyst. Metal-containing solids containing a catalyst can be used as functional components.

[0110] (Example 1) Prepare a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 80 mm and a depth of 100 mm. Also prepare aluminum alloy A6061 metal powder (hereinafter referred to as "A6061 metal powder"). The metal powder has a long side of 15 mm, a short side of 0.5 mm, and a thickness of 0.1 mm. A6061 metal powder is obtained by cutting a die-cast part. The die-cast part has a chilled layer composed of fine grains, columnar grains composed of elongated grains (i.e., columnar crystals), and equiaxed grains composed of isotropic equiaxed crystals. Therefore, A6061 metal powder consists of metal powder composed of fine grains originating from the chilled layer, metal powder composed of columnar crystals originating from the columnar grains, and metal powder composed of equiaxed crystals originating from the equiaxed grains. Coolant, oil, and water are attached to the metal powder. A lump of aluminum alloy A6061 (hereinafter referred to as "A6061 lump") is made by loading A6061 metal powder into a mold and applying a pressure of 80 MPa. The same method is repeated to make multiple A6061 lumps.

[0111] Multiple A6061 blocks are stacked, and the stacked A6061 blocks are irradiated with 1.5kW microwaves for 2500 seconds to heat the stacked A6061 blocks to 400°C. This results in a metallic solid made of aluminum alloy A6061, formed by the stacked A6061 blocks as a single unit (hereinafter referred to as "A6061 metallic solid").

[0112] exist Figure 1Photograph 1 shows a section of A6061 metal solid exposed by a band saw, ground, and taken using an optical microscope. In the cross-section of the A6061 metal solid, tightly bonded joints formed by A6061 clumps closely adhering to each other are observed. These tightly bonded joints are straight lines, observed at equal intervals corresponding to the thickness of the A6061 clumps. Additionally, in the cross-section of the A6061 metal solid, diffusion joints and fusion joints formed by A6061 metal powder adhering to each other are observed.

[0113] An interface was observed at the diffusion junction. Additionally, porosity was observed at the interface of the diffusion junction. Diffusion junctions where no porosity was observed also existed. Regions opposite each other across the diffusion junction include regions where both are composed of fine grains, regions where both are composed of columnar crystals, regions where both are composed of equiaxed crystals, regions where one is composed of fine grains and the other of columnar crystals, regions where one is composed of fine grains and the other of equiaxed crystals, and regions where one is composed of fine columnar crystals and the other of equiaxed crystals.

[0114] The fused joint has portions with interfaces and portions without interfaces. A portion of the interface of the fused joint is not connected to other interfaces and is interrupted. Furthermore, no porosity was observed in the fused joint. Regions opposite each other across the fused joint include regions both composed of fine grains, regions both composed of columnar crystals, regions both composed of equiaxed crystals, regions where one is composed of fine grains and the other of columnar crystals, regions where one is composed of fine grains and the other of equiaxed crystals, and regions where one is composed of fine columnar crystals and the other of equiaxed crystals. Even without interfaces, a fused joint can be identified between regions where one is composed of fine grains and the other of columnar crystals, between regions where one is composed of fine grains and the other of equiaxed crystals, and between regions where one is composed of fine columnar crystals and the other of equiaxed crystals.

[0115] (Example 2) Prepare a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 50 mm and a depth of 5 mm. Also prepare aluminum alloy ADC12 metal powder (hereinafter referred to as "ADC12 metal powder"). The metal powder has a long side of 10 mm, a short side of 3 mm, and a thickness of 0.3 mm. ADC12 metal powder is obtained by cutting a die-casting casting. ADC12 metal powder comprises metal powder consisting of fine grains originating from the chilled layer, metal powder consisting of columnar crystals originating from columnar crystal zones, and metal powder consisting of equiaxed crystals originating from equiaxed crystal zones. Coolant, oil, and water are attached to the metal powder. By loading the ADC12 metal powder into the mold and applying a pressure of 80 MPa, lumps of aluminum alloy ADC12 (hereinafter referred to as "ADC12 lumps") are produced. The same method is repeated to produce multiple ADC12 lumps.

[0116] Multiple ADC12 blocks are stacked, and the stacked ADC12 blocks are irradiated with 1.5kW microwaves for 900 seconds to heat the stacked ADC12 blocks to 400°C. This results in a metallic solid made of aluminum alloy ADC12, formed by integrating the stacked ADC12 blocks (hereinafter referred to as "ADC12 metallic solid").

[0117] exist Figure 2 The image shows a photograph taken using an optical microscope after grinding the exposed cross-section of an ADC12 metallic solid cut with a band saw. In the cross-section of the ADC12 metallic solid, similar to the cross-section of the A6061 metallic solid, one can observe closely bonded joints formed by the close adhesion of ADC12 clumps, diffused joints formed by the adhesion of ADC12 metallic powders, and molten joints. The characteristics of the closely bonded joints, diffused joints, and molten joints in the cross-section of the ADC12 metallic solid are the same as those in the cross-section of the A6061 metallic solid.

[0118] (Example 3) Prepare a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 30 mm and a depth of 30 mm. Also prepare metal shavings made of oxygen-free copper (hereinafter referred to as "oxygen-free copper shavings"). The shavings have a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 5 mm. Oxygen-free copper powder is obtained by cutting a die-cast part. The oxygen-free copper shavings consist of shavings composed of fine grains originating from the chilled layer, shavings composed of columnar crystals originating from columnar crystal zones, and shavings composed of equiaxed crystals originating from equiaxed crystal zones. Coolant, oil, and water are attached to the metal powder. By loading the oxygen-free copper shavings into the mold and applying a pressure of 347 MPa, lumps of oxygen-free copper (hereinafter referred to as "oxygen-free copper lumps") are produced. The same method is repeated to produce multiple oxygen-free copper lumps.

[0119] Multiple oxygen-free copper lumps are stacked, and the stacked oxygen-free copper lumps are subjected to a pressure of 10 MPa while being irradiated with 1.5 kW microwaves for 3000 seconds to heat the stacked oxygen-free copper lumps to 700°C. Thus, a metallic solid composed of oxygen-free copper (hereinafter referred to as "oxygen-free copper metallic solid") is obtained by integrating the stacked oxygen-free copper lumps.

[0120] exist Figure 3 The image shows a photograph taken using an optical microscope after grinding the exposed cross-section of an oxygen-free copper metal solid cut with a band saw. In the cross-section of the oxygen-free copper metal solid, similar to the cross-section of the A6061 metal solid, one can observe closely bonded joints formed by the close adhesion of oxygen-free copper clumps, diffused joints formed by the adhesion of oxygen-free copper powder, and molten joints. The characteristics of the closely bonded joints, diffused joints, and molten joints in the cross-section of the oxygen-free copper metal solid are the same as those in the cross-section of the A6061 metal solid.

[0121] (Comparative Example 1) exist Figure 4 The image shows a photograph taken using an optical microscope, revealing a cross-section of an ingot (hereinafter referred to as "ADC12 ingot") made of aluminum alloy ADC12 manufactured by casting, after being cut. In the cross-section of the ADC12 ingot, after overall melting and solidification, no joints indicating interfaces were observed; only needle-like crystalline structures were observed.

[0122] (Example 4, Comparative Example 2) The ADC12 metallic solid of Example 4 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2. Additionally, the ADC12 metallic solid of Comparative Example 2 was prepared by heating the ADC12 agglomerates at 500°C for 1000 seconds using a hot plate without irradiating the agglomerates with microwaves. The agglomerates of the ADC12 metallic solid of Example 4 had the same composition and weight as the agglomerates of the ADC12 metallic solid of Comparative Example 2. Figure 5 As shown, the ADC12 metal solid of Example 4 and the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 2 were cut, respectively. Both were embedded in epoxy resin with the cut surfaces exposed. The cut surfaces were polished using water-resistant abrasive paper containing silicon carbide (SiC) abrasive grains, and further polished using diamond abrasive grains and a lubricant containing alcohol and ethylene glycol. As a result, the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 2 showed weak resistance to polishing, especially near the outer periphery, resulting in flaking. In contrast, the ADC12 metal solid of Example 4 showed strong resistance to polishing and did not flake. Furthermore, it was observed that the ADC12 metal solid of Example 4 had a smaller cross-sectional area of ​​voids and a higher metal density compared to the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 2.

[0123] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the ADC12 metallic solid of Example 4 and the ADC12 metallic solid of Comparative Example 2 were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that... Figure 6 As shown, in the ADC12 metallic solid of Comparative Example 2, a white layer was observed at the metal interface opposite the voids. On the other hand, in the ADC12 metallic solid of Example 4, no white layer was observed at the metal interface opposite the voids. Figure 7 As shown, nine locations (1-1 to 1-9) on the cross-section of the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 2 were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Compared to locations (1-1 to 1-4, 1-8, and 1-9) inside the metal solid that are not in contact with the interface, a large amount of silicon (Si), oxygen (O), and fluorine (F) were observed at locations (1-5 to 1-7) at the metal interface opposite the voids. Therefore, it is evident that metal oxide film, release agent, and processing oil remain at the metal interface opposite the voids in the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 2, which was not irradiated with microwaves.

[0124] Next, as shown in Figure 8, when the ADC12 metal solid of Example 4 and the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 2 were analyzed using a computed tomography (CT) scanner, if the total volume of the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 2 was set to 100%, the total volume of the ADC12 metal solid of Example 4 was 97%. Furthermore, compared to the void volume of the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 2, the void volume of the ADC12 metal solid of Example 4 was reduced by 20%. In the ADC12 metal solid of Example 4, a high-density layer with few voids on the surface side in the cross-section and a low-density layer surrounded by the high-density layer and with many voids in the cross-section were observed.

[0125] (Example 5, Comparative Examples 3 and 4) Prepare a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 80 mm and a depth of 100 mm. Also prepare ADC12 metal powder. The metal powder has a long side of 10 mm, a short side of 3 mm, and a thickness of 0.3 mm. ADC12 metal powder is obtained by cutting a die-cast part. ADC12 metal powder consists of metal powder composed of fine grains originating from the chilled layer, metal powder composed of columnar crystals originating from columnar crystal zones, and metal powder composed of equiaxed crystals originating from equiaxed crystal zones. Coolant, oil, and water are attached to the metal powder. ADC12 clumps are made by loading the ADC12 metal powder into the mold and applying a pressure of 80 MPa. The same method is repeated to make multiple ADC12 clumps.

[0126] Multiple ADC12 blocks were stacked, and the stacked ADC12 blocks were irradiated with 6.0 kW microwaves for 15 minutes to heat the stacked ADC12 blocks to 600°C. As a result, a metallic solid made of aluminum alloy ADC12 was obtained by integrating the stacked ADC12 blocks (hereinafter referred to as "ADC12 metallic solid of Example 5").

[0127] In addition, Comparative Example 3 was obtained by heating the stacked ADC12 agglomerate to 500°C in an electric furnace for 80 minutes without irradiating it with microwaves. Furthermore, Comparative Example 4 was obtained by applying only a pressure of 80 MPa to the stacked ADC12 agglomerate without heating it at all.

[0128] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, forces were applied parallel to the diameter direction of the cross-section to the side surfaces of the ADC12 metal solid of Example 5, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4, with a press stroke of 10 mm. As a result, the ADC12 metal solids of Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4, subjected to enhanced compressive force, deformed in shape. In contrast, the ADC12 metal solid of Example 5, without enhanced compressive force, did not deform in shape and exhibited flexibility.

[0129] Next, as Figure 11 As shown, the ADC12 metal solid of Example 5 and the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 3 were held at two points on the back side, and a force was applied to a point in the center of the surface, causing the ADC12 metal solid of Example 5 and the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 3 to break. Figure 12 As shown, when observing the fracture surfaces of the ADC12 metal solid of Example 5 and the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 3, only brittle fracture occurred on the fracture surface of the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 3. In contrast, ductile fracture occurred on the fracture surface of the ADC12 metal solid of Example 5.

[0130] Next, the ADC12 metal solid of Example 5 and the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 3 were heated to 400°C and placed on the surface of molten aluminum at 750°C, and their state was observed after 1 minute. The results showed that... Figure 13 As shown, the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 3 did not sink into the molten metal. This indicates that an oxide film exists on the surface of the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 3, resulting in poor wettability. Furthermore, the surface of the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 3 bulged. This indicates that mold release agent and processing oil, etc., remained inside the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 3, which vaporized and expanded.

[0131] The ADC12 metal solid of Example 5 sank into the molten metal after 1 minute. This indicates that there was no oxide film on the surface of the ADC12 metal solid of Example 5, and that it had good wettability. Furthermore, the surface of the ADC12 metal solid of Example 5 was concave before sinking. This indicates that there were no residual mold release agents or processing oils inside the ADC12 metal solid of Example 5, and that melting began from the back side.

[0132] Furthermore, the time for the ADC12 metal solid to completely melt in Example 5 was shorter than the time for the ADC12 metal solid to completely melt in Comparative Example 3.

[0133] (Example 6, Comparative Example 5) Prepare a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 30 mm and a depth of 30 mm. Also prepare ADC12 metal powder. The metal powder has a long side of 10 mm, a short side of 3 mm, and a thickness of 0.3 mm. ADC12 metal powder is obtained by cutting a die-cast part. ADC12 metal powder consists of metal powder composed of fine grains originating from the chilled layer, metal powder composed of columnar crystals originating from columnar crystal zones, and metal powder composed of equiaxed crystals originating from equiaxed crystal zones. Coolant, oil, and water are attached to the metal powder. ADC12 clumps are made by loading the ADC12 metal powder into the mold and applying a pressure of 80 MPa. The same method is repeated to make multiple ADC12 clumps.

[0134] Multiple ADC12 blocks were stacked, and the stacked ADC12 blocks were heated to 450°C by irradiating them with 1.2kW microwaves for 2 minutes while applying a pressure of 80MPa. As a result, a metallic solid made of aluminum alloy ADC12 was obtained by integrating the stacked ADC12 blocks (hereinafter referred to as "ADC12 metallic solid of Example 6").

[0135] In addition, the ADC12 agglomerate was not heated at all, but only a pressure of 80 MPa was applied to obtain the ADC12 metallic solid of Comparative Example 5.

[0136] Next, the ADC12 metal solid of Example 6 and the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 5 were each heated to 500°C and then immersed in molten aluminum at 680°C. In the molten aluminum containing the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 5, as... Figure 14As shown, gas was generated approximately 45 seconds after being added, followed by a flame approximately 35 seconds later. This indicates that mold release agent and processing oil, etc., remained inside the ADC12 metal solid of Comparative Example 5, which vaporized and ignited. On the other hand, the ADC12 metal solid of Example 6 did not generate gas or a flame even when added to molten metal. This indicates that no mold release agent or processing oil, etc., remained inside the ADC12 metal solid of Example 6.

[0137] (Example 7) Prepare a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 30 mm and a depth of 10 mm. Also prepare copper (Cu) powder (hereinafter referred to as "large-size copper powder") with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 5 mm derived from copper scrap, and copper (Cu) powder (hereinafter referred to as "small-size copper powder") with a diameter of 0.1 mm and a length of 7 mm derived from copper scrap. Next, prepare mixed powders by mixing the large-size copper powder and the small-size copper powder in ratios of 10:0, 9:1, and 5:5. By loading the mixed powder into the mold and heating it to 800°C using a microwave while applying a pressure of 10 MPa, copper lumps are produced. The result is as follows: Figure 15 As shown in Figure 16, it was observed that in the mixed powder, if the proportion of large-sized copper powder is large, the voids in the cross-section of the copper agglomerate are large, and if the proportion of small-sized copper powder increases, the interior of the copper agglomerate becomes dense.

[0138] (Example 8) Prepare a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 30 mm and a depth of 30 mm. Also prepare large-sized copper powder, the same as in Example 7. A copper lump is produced by loading the large-sized copper powder into the mold and applying a pressure of 346 MPa. The copper lump has a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 10.8 mm, with a density of 87.48%. Next, the copper lump is irradiated with 1.3 kW microwaves for 5400 seconds while applying a pressure of 10 MPa, and heated to 800°C for 90 minutes. After reaching 800°C, the copper lump is cooled within the microwave irradiation apparatus. The temperature is measured using a thermocouple. Subsequently, a photograph of the exposed cross-section obtained by cutting the copper lump with a band saw and taking an optical microscope is shown. Figure 17 In the cross-section of the copper agglomerate, diffusion joints and fusion joints (dendritic crystals) formed by the copper powder bonding together were observed.

[0139] As described above, the present invention has been described using embodiments and examples; however, the descriptions and drawings that form part of this disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various alternative embodiments, examples, and application techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on this disclosure. For example, such as... Figure 18As shown, microwaves can also be used to irradiate a metallic material containing multiple different metal types, utilizing the difference in melting point of each metal type to recover molten metal refined according to each metal type. For example, if a metallic material containing multiple different metal types is irradiated with microwaves, the metal type with the lowest melting point melts first, and thus the molten metal type with the lowest melting point can be extruded from the filter and recovered. Next, the metal type with the second lowest melting point melts, and thus the molten metal type with the second lowest melting point can be extruded from the filter and recovered. Thereafter, setting n to a natural number, the metal type with the nth lowest melting point melts, and thus the molten metal type with the nth lowest melting point can be extruded from the filter and recovered. It should be understood that the present invention includes various embodiments not described herein.

Claims

1. A solid, which is a solid containing a metal, characterized in that, The cross-section has a fusion joint of the metal and a diffusion joint of the metal.

2. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, A portion in at least one of the fused joint and the diffused joint having a different crystalline structure separated.

3. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The region surrounded by at least one of the fused joint and the diffused joint contains grains of the metal.

4. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The region surrounded by at least one of the fused joint and the diffused joint contains columnar crystals of the metal.

5. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The region surrounded by at least one of the fused joint and the diffused joint contains equiaxed crystals of the metal.

6. The solid according to claim 5, characterized in that, The equiaxed crystal has at least one of dendritic structure and eutectic structure.

7. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The region surrounded by at least one of the fused joint and the diffusion joint includes at least two regions selected from a region containing grains of the metal, a region containing columnar crystals of the metal, and a region containing equiaxed crystals of the metal.

8. The solid according to claim 7, characterized in that, The equiaxed crystal has at least one of dendritic structure and eutectic structure.

9. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fused joint has a eutectic structure of the metal.

10. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the fused joint, the interface is not connected to other interfaces.

11. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diffusion joint has an interface.

12. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diffusion junction has pores.

13. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metals mentioned include a variety of metal types.

14. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are no oxides in at least one of the molten joint and the diffused joint.

15. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, An oxide is present in at least one of the molten joint and the diffused joint.

16. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the molten joint and the diffused joint is free of oil.

17. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the molten joint and the diffused joint contains oil.

18. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the molten joint and the diffused joint does not contain a release agent.

19. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the molten joint and the diffused joint has a release agent.

20. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross section also has a tight-fitting joint that is different from the fusion joint and the diffusion joint.

21. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid is porous.

22. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid is flexible.

23. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid also includes non-metals.

24. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is no oxide film on the surface of the solid.

25. The solid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid is used to dissolve in the molten soup.

26. A solid comprising a metal, characterized in that, have: High-density layers, which have few voids on the surface side in the cross-section; and A low-density layer, which is surrounded by the high-density layer in the cross-section and has many voids.

27. The solid according to claim 26, characterized in that, The cross-section has a molten joint of the metal and a diffusion joint of the metal.

28. The solid according to claim 26, characterized in that, The solid is porous.

29. The solid according to claim 26, characterized in that, The solid is flexible.

30. The solid according to claim 26, characterized in that, There is no oxide film on the surface of the solid.

31. The solid according to claim 26, characterized in that, The solid is used to dissolve in the molten soup.

32. A method for manufacturing a solid containing a metal, characterized in that, This includes the step of irradiating various metallic materials with microwaves to form a solid containing metals. The solid containing metal has a fusion-bonded portion of the metal and a diffusion-bonded portion of the metal in its cross-section.

33. The method for manufacturing a metal-containing solid according to claim 32, characterized in that, Each of the various metallic materials has any one of two or more different crystal structures.

34. The method for manufacturing a metal-containing solid according to claim 32, characterized in that, By irradiating the various metal materials with microwaves, the oxides present in the various metal materials are reduced.

35. The method for manufacturing a solid containing a metal according to claim 32, characterized in that, By irradiating the various metallic materials with microwaves, the amount of non-metals mixed with the various metallic materials is reduced.

36. A method for melting a metal, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Prepare a solid containing a metal, the solid being a solid containing a metal and having, in its cross-section, a fusion joint of the metal and a diffusion joint of the metal; and The solid containing the metal is melted in a molten solution.

37. The method for melting metal according to claim 36, characterized in that, The solid containing metal is formed by irradiating various metal materials with microwaves.

38. The method for melting metal according to claim 37, characterized in that, Each of the various metallic materials has any one of two or more different crystal structures.

39. The method for melting a metal according to claim 37, characterized in that, By irradiating the various metal materials with microwaves, the oxides present in the various metal materials are reduced.

40. The method for melting a metal according to claim 37, characterized in that, By irradiating the various metallic materials with microwaves, the amount of non-metals mixed with the various metallic materials is reduced.

41. The method for melting metal according to claim 36, characterized in that, The method for melting the metal further includes heating the solid containing the metal at a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal before melting the solid containing the metal into a molten solution.

42. A method for melting a metal, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Prepare a solid containing metal, which is a solid containing metal having a high-density layer with few voids on the surface side in the cross section, and a low-density layer surrounded by the high-density layer in the cross section with many voids. as well as The solid containing the metal is melted in the molten liquid.

43. The method for melting metal according to claim 42, characterized in that, The solid containing metal is formed by irradiating various metal materials with microwaves.

44. The method for melting metal according to claim 43, characterized in that, Each of the various metallic materials has any one of two or more different crystal structures.

45. The method for melting metal according to claim 43, characterized in that, By irradiating the various metal materials with microwaves, the oxides present in the various metal materials are reduced.

46. ​​The method for melting metal according to claim 43, characterized in that, By irradiating the various metallic materials with microwaves, the amount of non-metals mixed with the various metallic materials is reduced.

47. The method for melting metal according to claim 42, characterized in that, The method for melting the metal further includes heating the solid containing the metal at a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal before melting the solid containing the metal into a molten solution.

48. A method for manufacturing a metal casting, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Prepare a solid containing metal, which is a solid containing metal and has a fusion joint of the metal and a diffusion joint of the metal in its cross section; The solid containing the metal is dissolved in the molten liquid; The molten liquid obtained by melting the solid containing metal is poured into a mold; as well as The molten liquid is then solidified in the mold.

49. The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to claim 48, characterized in that, The solid containing metal is formed by irradiating various metal materials with microwaves.

50. The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to claim 49, characterized in that, Each of the various metallic materials has any one of two or more different crystal structures.

51. The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to claim 49, characterized in that, By irradiating the various metal materials with microwaves, the oxides present in the various metal materials are reduced.

52. The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to claim 49, characterized in that, By irradiating the various metallic materials with microwaves, the amount of non-metals mixed with the various metallic materials is reduced.

53. The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to claim 48, characterized in that, The method for manufacturing the metal casting further includes the step of heating the metal-containing solid at a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal before melting the metal-containing solid in a molten solution.

54. A method for manufacturing a metal casting, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Prepare a solid containing metal, which is a solid containing metal and has a high-density layer with few voids on the surface side in the cross section, and a low-density layer surrounded by the high-density layer in the cross section with many voids. The solid containing the metal is dissolved in the molten liquid; The molten liquid obtained by melting the solid containing metal is poured into a mold; as well as The molten liquid is then solidified in the mold.

55. The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to claim 54, characterized in that, The solid containing metal is formed by irradiating various metal materials with microwaves.

56. The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to claim 55, characterized in that, Each of the various metallic materials has any one of two or more different crystal structures.

57. The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to claim 55, characterized in that, By irradiating the various metal materials with microwaves, the oxides present in the various metal materials are reduced.

58. The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to claim 55, characterized in that, By irradiating the various metallic materials with microwaves, the amount of non-metals mixed with the various metallic materials is reduced.

59. The method for manufacturing a metal casting according to claim 54, characterized in that, The method for manufacturing the metal casting further includes the step of heating the metal-containing solid at a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal before melting the metal-containing solid in a molten solution.

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