Communication methods, communication equipment, communication systems, storage media and software products

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product. The method is executed by the communication device. The method includes: determining, based on first information, that a first terminal is permitted to cooperate with a second terminal; wherein the second terminal is a terminal permitted to cooperate with the first terminal, and the first and second terminals in a first state belong to the same terminal set, with multiple terminals in the terminal set being associated and cooperating. The solution of this disclosure avoids terminals sending blind UoC requests, thereby ensuring effective utilization of network resources, saving battery power, and reducing network congestion.

Description

Communication methods, communication equipment, communication systems, storage media and software products Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, a user can own multiple devices, such as mobile phones, smartwatches, and vehicles. Each device possesses its own resources, such as service capabilities, processing power, storage space, and battery capacity. Sharing these resources among one or more devices belonging to the same user is beneficial. Summary of the Invention

[0003] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided, executed by a first terminal. The method includes: determining, based on first information, that the first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with a second terminal; wherein the second terminal is a terminal permitted to work collaboratively with the first terminal, and the first terminal and the second terminal in a first state belong to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set are associated and work collaboratively.

[0004] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided, executed by a first network element. The method includes: sending first information, the first information being used to determine that a first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with a second terminal, the second terminal being a terminal permitted to work collaboratively with the first terminal, the first terminal and the second terminal in a first state belonging to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set being associated and working collaboratively.

[0005] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a terminal is provided, such as a first terminal, the terminal comprising: a processing module configured to determine, based on first information, that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with a second terminal; wherein the second terminal is a terminal allowed to work collaboratively with the first terminal, the first terminal and the second terminal in a first state belong to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set are associated and work collaboratively.

[0006] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a network device, such as a first network element, is provided. The network device includes a transceiver module configured to transmit first information, the first information being used to determine that a first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with a second terminal, the second terminal being a terminal permitted to work collaboratively with the first terminal, the first terminal and the second terminal in the first state belonging to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set being associated and working collaboratively.

[0007] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes one or more processors. The communication device is configured to perform the steps of the communication methods described in the first and second aspects.

[0008] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the communicating parties as described in the first and second aspects.

[0009] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the communication method as described in the first and second aspects.

[0010] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program is provided. When the computer program is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the methods described in the first and second aspects.

[0011] According to a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, a chip or chip system is provided. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to perform the methods described in the first and second aspects.

[0012] According to embodiments of this disclosure, terminals are prevented from sending blind UoC requests, thereby ensuring effective utilization of network resources, saving battery power, and reducing network congestion.

[0013] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments of the invention.

[0015] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 3 is another interactive schematic diagram of the communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of a chip structure provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product.

[0023] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by a first terminal. The method includes: determining, based on first information, that the first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with a second terminal; wherein the second terminal is a terminal permitted to work collaboratively with the first terminal, and the first terminal and the second terminal in a first state belong to the same terminal set, with multiple terminals in the terminal set being associated and working collaboratively.

[0024] In this embodiment, the terminal determines, based on the first information, that it is permitted to work collaboratively with the second terminal. In this case, the terminal then sends a request to the network, avoiding unnecessary requests. This ensures efficient use of network resources, reduces network traffic, improves network speed, and reduces network congestion. Furthermore, by sending a request to the network only after determining that it is permitted to work collaboratively with the second terminal, the terminal avoids frequent network requests, reducing power consumption and extending battery life.

[0025] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, multiple terminals in a terminal set share resources.

[0026] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the association relationship between multiple terminals in the terminal set includes at least one of the following: multiple terminals in the terminal set belong to the same user; multiple terminals in the terminal set jointly complete a task; multiple terminals in the terminal set have a temporary association relationship.

[0027] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, there is a communication requirement between the second terminal and the first terminal, and / or, there is no communication requirement between the second terminal and the first terminal.

[0028] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following: identification information of a set of terminals; identification information of the user to which the first terminal belongs; identification information of the second terminal; first public land mobile network (PLMN) information, the first PLMN information being used to indicate a first PLMN that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; first location information, the first location information being used to indicate a first location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; and first time information, the first time information indicating a first time period during which the first terminal and the second terminal are allowed to work together.

[0029] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining that a first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with a connected second terminal based on first information includes at least one of the following: determining that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal based on the identification information of a terminal set, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal belong to a terminal set; determining that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal based on the identifier of the user to which the first terminal belongs, wherein the user to which the first terminal belongs is the same as the user to which the second terminal belongs; determining that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal based on the identification information of the second terminal; determining that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal in the first PLMN based on first PLMN information; determining that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal at a first location based on first location information; and determining that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal within a first time period based on first time information.

[0030] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is provided to the first terminal by one of the following: provided in mobile equipment (ME); set in a universal integrated circuit card (UICC); provided in the ME and configured in the UICC; provided or updated by an application server through a first network element; or provided or updated by the first network element.

[0031] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first network element is a core network element, and the first network element is used to implement policy control.

[0032] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is determined based on at least one of the following: the PLMN where the first terminal is located; the subscription information of the first terminal; the location of the first terminal; and the second time period.

[0033] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the subscription information of the first terminal includes at least one of the following: identification information of the terminal set; identification information of the user to which the first terminal belongs; identification information of the second terminal; second PLMN information, which indicates a second PLMN that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; second location information, which indicates a second location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; and second time information, which indicates a third time period that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together.

[0034] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is provided by the first network element to the first terminal when at least one of the following conditions is met: registering the first terminal; the first terminal requesting the first information; the PLMN of the first terminal changing; the location of the first terminal changing; being in a second time period; or the subscription information of the first terminal being updated.

[0035] In a second aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by a first network element. The method includes: sending first information, the first information being used to determine that a first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with a second terminal, the second terminal being a terminal permitted to work collaboratively with the first terminal, the first terminal and the second terminal in a first state belonging to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set being associated and working collaboratively.

[0036] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, multiple terminals in a terminal set share resources.

[0037] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the association relationship between multiple terminals in the terminal set includes at least one of the following: multiple terminals in the terminal set belong to the same user; multiple terminals in the terminal set jointly complete a task; multiple terminals in the terminal set have a temporary association relationship.

[0038] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, there is a communication requirement between the second terminal and the first terminal, and / or, there is no communication requirement between the second terminal and the first terminal.

[0039] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following: identification information of a terminal set; identification information of the user to which the first terminal belongs; identification information of the second terminal; first PLMN information, which indicates a first PLMN that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; first location information, which indicates a first location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; and first time information, which indicates a first time period that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together.

[0040] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is provided to the first terminal by one of the following: provided or updated by the application server through the first network element; or provided or updated by the first network element.

[0041] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first network element is a core network element, and the first network element is used to implement policy control.

[0042] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is determined based on at least one of the following: the PLMN where the first terminal is located; the subscription information of the first terminal; the location of the first terminal; and the second time period.

[0043] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the subscription information of the first terminal includes at least one of the following: identification information of the terminal set; identification information of the user to which the first terminal belongs; identification information of the second terminal; second PLMN information, which indicates a second PLMN that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; second location information, which indicates a second location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; and second time information, which indicates a third time period that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together.

[0044] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is provided by the first network element to the first terminal when at least one of the following conditions is met: registering the first terminal; the first terminal requesting the first information; the PLMN of the first terminal changing; the location of the first terminal changing; being within a first time period; or the subscription information of the first terminal being updated.

[0045] In a third aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a terminal, such as a first terminal, which includes: a processing module configured to determine, based on first information, that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with a second terminal; wherein the second terminal is a terminal allowed to work collaboratively with the first terminal, the first terminal and the second terminal in a first state belong to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set are associated and work collaboratively.

[0046] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, multiple terminals in a terminal set share resources.

[0047] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the association relationship between multiple terminals in the terminal set includes at least one of the following: multiple terminals in the terminal set belong to the same user; multiple terminals in the terminal set jointly complete a task; multiple terminals in the terminal set have a temporary association relationship.

[0048] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, there is a communication requirement between the second terminal and the first terminal, and / or, there is no communication requirement between the second terminal and the first terminal.

[0049] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following: identification information of a terminal set; identification information of the user to which the first terminal belongs; identification information of the second terminal; first PLMN information, which indicates a first PLMN that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; first location information, which indicates a first location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; and first time information, which indicates a first time period that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together.

[0050] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the processing module is configured to perform at least one of the following: determining, based on the identification information of a terminal set, that a first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with a second terminal, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal belong to a terminal set; determining, based on the identifier of the user to which the first terminal belongs, that the first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with the second terminal, wherein the user to which the first terminal belongs is the same as the user to which the second terminal belongs; determining, based on the identification information of the second terminal, that the first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with the second terminal; determining, based on first PLMN information, that the first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with the second terminal in the first PLMN; determining, based on first location information, that the first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with the second terminal at a first location; and determining, based on first time information, that the first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with the second terminal within a first time period.

[0051] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is provided to the first terminal by one of the following: provided in the ME; set in the UICC; provided in the ME and configured in the UICC; provided or updated by the application server through the first network element; or provided or updated by the first network element.

[0052] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first network element is a core network element, and the first network element is used to implement policy control.

[0053] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is determined based on at least one of the following: the PLMN where the first terminal is located; the subscription information of the first terminal; the location of the first terminal; and the second time period.

[0054] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the subscription information of the first terminal includes at least one of the following: identification information of the terminal set; identification information of the user to which the first terminal belongs; identification information of the second terminal; second PLMN information, which indicates a second PLMN that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; second location information, which indicates a second location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; and second time information, which indicates a third time period that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together.

[0055] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is provided by the first network element to the first terminal when at least one of the following conditions is met: registering the first terminal; the first terminal requesting the first information; the PLMN of the first terminal changing; the location of the first terminal changing; being in a second time period; or the subscription information of the first terminal being updated.

[0056] In a fourth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a network device, such as a first network element. The network device includes a transceiver module configured to send first information, the first information being used to determine that a first terminal is permitted to work collaboratively with a second terminal, the second terminal being a terminal permitted to work collaboratively with the first terminal, the first terminal and the second terminal in the first state belonging to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set being associated and working collaboratively.

[0057] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, multiple terminals in a terminal set share resources.

[0058] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the association relationship between multiple terminals in the terminal set includes at least one of the following: multiple terminals in the terminal set belong to the same user; multiple terminals in the terminal set jointly complete a task; multiple terminals in the terminal set have a temporary association relationship.

[0059] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, there is a communication requirement between the second terminal and the first terminal, and / or, there is no communication requirement between the second terminal and the first terminal.

[0060] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following: identification information of a terminal set; identification information of the user to which the first terminal belongs; identification information of the second terminal; first PLMN information, which indicates a first PLMN that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; first location information, which indicates a first location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; and first time information, which indicates a first time period that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together.

[0061] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is provided to the first terminal by one of the following: provided or updated by the application server through the first network element; or provided or updated by the first network element.

[0062] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the first network element is a core network element, and the first network element is used to implement policy control.

[0063] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is determined based on at least one of the following: the PLMN where the first terminal is located; the subscription information of the first terminal; the location of the first terminal; and the second time period.

[0064] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the subscription information of the first terminal includes at least one of the following: identification information of the terminal set; identification of the user to which the first terminal belongs; identification information of the second terminal; second PLMN information, the second PLMN information being used to indicate a second PLMN that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; second location information, the second location information being used to indicate a second location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; and second time information, the second time information being used to indicate a third time period that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together.

[0065] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is provided by the first network element to the first terminal when at least one of the following conditions is met: registering the first terminal; the first terminal requesting the first information; the PLMN of the first terminal changing; the location of the first terminal changing; being within a first time period; or the subscription information of the first terminal being updated.

[0066] In a fifth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method. The communication method includes: a first network element sending first information to a first terminal; the first terminal determining, based on the first information, that it is permitted to work collaboratively with a second terminal; wherein the second terminal is a terminal permitted to work collaboratively with the first terminal, the first terminal and the second terminal in the first state belong to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set are associated and work collaboratively.

[0067] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device. The communication device includes one or more processors. The communication device is used to perform the methods described in any of the first, second, and embodiments thereof.

[0068] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium stores instructions. When executed on a communication device, the instructions cause the communication device to perform the methods described in the first aspect, the second aspect, and their embodiments.

[0069] In an eighth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program product. When executed by a communication device, the program product causes the communication device to perform the methods described in any of the first, second, and embodiments thereof.

[0070] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program. When this computer program is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the methods described in any of the first, second, and embodiments thereof.

[0071] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to perform the methods described in any of the first, second, and embodiments thereof.

[0072] It is understood that the aforementioned communication devices, communication systems, storage media, computer program products, computer programs, chips, and chip systems are all used to execute the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] This disclosure provides a communication method, device, system, storage medium, and program product. In some embodiments, terms such as communication method, information processing method, information transmission method, and data processing method can be used interchangeably; terms such as terminal, communication device, data processing device, network device, network function, and network entity can be used interchangeably; and terms such as communication system, information processing system, and data processing system can be used interchangeably.

[0074] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0075] In the embodiments disclosed herein, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the various embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0076] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0077] In the embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as “a,” “one,” “a kind,” “the,” “the,” “the,” “the,” “the,” “the,” “the,” “the,” “this,” etc., can mean “one and only one,” or “one or more,” “at least one,” etc. For example, when articles such as “a,” “an,” and “the” are used in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular or a plural expression.

[0078] In the embodiments of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0079] In some embodiments, terms such as “at least one (at least one, at least one)” and “one or more” can be used interchangeably.

[0080] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, both A and B are executed. The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0081] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0082] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. As another example, if the object being described is "information", then "third information" and "first information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0083] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0084] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0085] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0086] In some embodiments, devices, etc., can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. Terms such as “device”, “equipment”, “circuit”, “network element”, “node”, “function”, “unit”, “section”, “system”, “network”, “chip”, “chip system”, “entity”, and “subject” can be used interchangeably.

[0087] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in a network (e.g., access network devices, core network devices, etc.).

[0088] In some embodiments, the terms "access network device (AN device)," "radio access network device (RAN device)," "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "node," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "antenna panel," "antenna array," "cell," "macro cell," "small cell," "femto cell," "pico cell," "sector," "cell group," "serving cell," "carrier," "component carrier," and "bandwidth part (BWP)" can be used interchangeably.

[0089] In some embodiments, the terms "terminal", "terminal device", "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal", "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", "subscriber station", "mobile unit", "subscriber unit", "wireless unit", "remote unit", "mobile device", "wireless device", "wireless communication device", "remote device", "mobile subscriber station", "access terminal", "mobile terminal", "wireless terminal", "remote terminal", "handset", "user agent", "mobile client", and "client" can be used interchangeably.

[0090] In some embodiments, access network devices, core network devices, or network devices can be replaced by terminals. For example, embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to structures where communication between access network devices, core network devices, or network devices and terminals is replaced by communication between multiple terminals (e.g., device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, the structure can also be configured such that the terminal has all or part of the functions of the access network device. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can be replaced with sidelink channel, and uplink link, downlink, etc., can be replaced with sidelink link.

[0091] In some embodiments, the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network device, or a network device. In this case, the access network device, core network device, or network device may also be configured to have all or some of the functions of the terminal.

[0092] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0093] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0094] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0095] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1A, the communication system 100 includes a first terminal 101, a second terminal 102, and a first network element 103.

[0096] In some embodiments, at least one of the first terminal 101 and the second terminal 102 includes, for example, at least one of a mobile phone, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a car with communication capabilities, a smart car, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, and a wireless terminal device in a smart home, but is not limited thereto.

[0097] In some embodiments, the communication system described above may further include access network equipment. In one embodiment, the access network equipment is, for example, a node or device that connects a terminal to a wireless network. The access network equipment may include at least one of the following: evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation evolved NodeB (ng-eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), radio backhaul equipment, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a Wi-Fi system, but is not limited thereto.

[0098] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0099] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a CU and a DU. The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some of the protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0100] In some embodiments, the CU and DU can be centrally deployed on one access network device or distributed across multiple access network devices.

[0101] In some embodiments, the access network device may be implemented using one or more access network devices. An access network device may include a CU and at least one DU. A CU may be connected to multiple DUs, while a DU may only be connected to one CU.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first network element 103 may be a network function in the core network, for example. In one embodiment, the first network element 103 may be a device including one or more network functions, or it may be multiple devices or a group of devices, each including all or part of one or more network elements. The network function may be virtual or physical. The core network includes, for example, at least one of an evolved packet core (EPC) network, a 5G core (5GC) network, a next-generation core (NGC) network, and a 6G core network.

[0103] In some embodiments, the core network may be a 5GC network in a 5G system. In this case, the first network element 103 may include network elements in the 5GC. In some embodiments, the core network may be a 6G core network in a 6G system. In this case, the first network element 103 may include network elements in the 6G core network.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first network element 103 may be a policy and control function (PCF).

[0105] In some embodiments, the core network may also include other network elements, such as session management function (SMF) and access and mobility management function (AMF). In this case, the PCF communicates with the terminal through at least one of the SMF and AMF.

[0106] In some embodiments, the first network element 103 is responsible for providing unified policy management, policy control of access and mobility pipelines, policy and charging control of service data flow, and policy control related to protocol data unit (PDU) sessions, etc., and its name is not limited thereto.

[0107] In some embodiments, the terms “network element”, “network function”, “network entity”, “network function entity”, “core network equipment”, “core network function entity”, “core network function”, and “core network element” can be used interchangeably.

[0108] In some embodiments, the communication system may also include other network elements located outside the core network, such as application servers and application functions (AFs).

[0109] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0110] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1A are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1A, or it may include other main bodies outside of FIG1A. The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. Each main body may be physical or virtual. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0111] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G New Radio (NR), 6G, computing power network (CPN), computing-aware network (CAN), computing first network (CFN), metro computing network (MCN), future radio access (FRA), new-radio access technology (RAT), new radio (NR), new radio access (NX), future generation radio access (FX), global system for mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, ultra-mobile broadband (UMB), and IEEE. IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi, registered trademark), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX, registered trademark), IEEE 802.20, ultra-wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (Bluetooth, registered trademark), public land mobile network (PLMN), device-to-device (D2D) systems, machine-to-machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G, or a combination of 5G and 6G).

[0112] Currently, a user may own multiple devices, such as mobile phones, smartwatches, and vehicles. Each device possesses its own resources, such as service capabilities, processing power, storage space, and battery capacity. In some embodiments, service capabilities may include communication capabilities, sensing capabilities, and positioning capabilities. Sharing these resources among one or more devices belonging to the same user is beneficial.

[0113] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1B, a user can have multiple terminals, such as UE1, UE2, and UE3. UE1 can be the user's smartphone, UE2 can be the user's tablet computer, and UE3 can be the user's smartwatch. UE1, UE2, and UE3 are adjacent to each other, and the network can consider UE1, UE2, and UE3 as a single logical UE.

[0114] In some embodiments, resource sharing among multiple terminals can have beneficial effects in the following aspects:

[0115] (1) Resource optimization: By treating multiple terminals as a single logical terminal, the network can optimize resource usage. For example, if one terminal has high processing power but low battery life, and another terminal has high battery life but low processing power, the network can balance the resource usage of these two terminals to maximize efficiency.

[0116] (2) Seamless connectivity: Seamless connectivity for users can be guaranteed. If a terminal loses connection, the network can automatically switch to another terminal without interrupting service.

[0117] (3) Performance improvement: By pooling resources from multiple terminals, the network can improve the overall performance of the system. This enables faster data processing, better service quality, and an improved user experience.

[0118] (4) Cost-effectiveness: Through resource sharing among multiple terminals, users can save costs related to data usage, battery replacement, and equipment maintenance.

[0119] (5) Better data management: By treating multiple terminals as a single logical terminal, the network can manage data more effectively. This can include data synchronization, data backup, data recovery, etc.

[0120] (6) Energy efficiency: By managing resources for multiple terminals as a single logical terminal, the network can optimize energy use, thereby providing terminals with longer battery life.

[0121] (7) Simplified Management: From the user's perspective, treating multiple terminals as a single logical terminal can provide a more seamless and integrated user experience. For example, a user can start watching a movie on a smartphone, pause playback, and continue watching on a tablet.

[0122] (8) Improved reliability: If one terminal fails or is low on power, users can continue their previous activities on another terminal without interruption, thereby improving the overall reliability of the service.

[0123] In some embodiments, multiple terminals of a user can be treated as a single logical terminal by the network to achieve resource sharing, task distribution, seamless transition, data synchronization, power management, and joint processing.

[0124] In some embodiments, for resource sharing, the network can treat multiple terminals as a single logical terminal by enabling them to share resources. For example, if a user's smartphone has a high-speed data connection and the user's smartwatch has a low-speed data connection, then when the smartwatch and smartphone are in close proximity, the network can allow the smartwatch to use the smartphone's data connection to effectively treat the smartwatch and smartphone as a single terminal.

[0125] In some embodiments, for seamless transition, the network enables seamless transition between terminals. For example, a user can start watching a video on a smartphone and then switch to a smart TV without interruption. The network treats the smartphone and smart TV as a single logical terminal, thus allowing for a seamless transition.

[0126] In some embodiments, for data synchronization, the network can synchronize data across devices. For example, a user can take a photo on a smartphone, and that photo can be automatically displayed on a tablet and a laptop. The network treats the smartphone, tablet, and laptop as a single logical terminal, thereby ensuring data synchronization across all devices.

[0127] In some embodiments, for power management, the network can manage power across devices. For example, if a user's smartphone is running with low battery, the network can offload some tasks from the smartphone to a tablet or smartwatch. The network treats the smartphone, as well as the tablet or smartwatch, as a single logical device, thereby managing power to ensure that the user can continue to use the device.

[0128] In some embodiments, for federated processing, the network can combine the processing power of multiple terminals to handle more complex tasks. For example, a user's smartphone and laptop can work together to render high-resolution video. The network treats the smartphone and laptop as a single logical terminal, combining their processing power to handle the task.

[0129] In some embodiments, the concept of user-oriented connectivity (UoC) is a revolutionary approach to network resource utilization. It allows a group of terminals to operate as a single logical unit, called a terminal collaboration set, to optimize network operation and enhance the user experience. This is achieved by sharing resources such as computing power, sensing capabilities, and battery status among the terminals in the set.

[0130] In some embodiments, the resources of a terminal collaboration set are a combination of the resources of each individual terminal in the set. These resources are visible to the 6G network, enabling it to collaborate the resources of the terminals in the set. Resources may include bandwidth, network connectivity, and various capabilities such as artificial intelligence, computing, sensing, ranging / positioning, data communication, voice communication, and video communication.

[0131] In some embodiments, UoC mode can be activated or deactivated. When activated, UoC mode shares resources within the terminal collaboration set. When deactivated, each terminal operates independently using only its own resources. UoC mode can be activated when terminals in a collaboration set are in proximity to each other, access the connection via a non-3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) connection, or use 3GPP Proximity Services (ProSe) technology. When a terminal decides to operate in UoC mode, it sends a request to the network. This request may include a list of terminals in the collaboration set, the collaboration set ID, and the resources the terminal expects to share with other terminals in the collaboration set. Once the network authorizes the terminal to operate in UoC mode, the terminal's resources are shared with other terminals in the collaboration set, and the terminal can also access the resources of other terminals in the collaboration set. This resource sharing and utilization method has the potential to significantly enhance network operation and user experience in 6G networks.

[0132] In some embodiments, when a terminal detects that it is near another terminal, or is connected to another terminal via a cable, the terminal does not know whether it can work collaboratively with the other terminal. In this case, if the terminal sends a request to the network to activate UoC mode, it may be rejected by the network. In this situation, the request sent by the terminal can also be referred to as a blind UoC request.

[0133] In some embodiments, blind UoC requests are unnecessary signaling generated over the air interface, leading to increased network traffic, reduced network speed, and a degraded user experience. Furthermore, blind UoC requests sent by the terminal waste network resources that could be used for other tasks, resulting in inefficient network resource utilization. Additionally, blind UoC requests consume more battery power, especially when requests are frequently rejected, leading to a shortened UE battery life.

[0134] Therefore, how to avoid the terminal sending blind UoC requests is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0135] Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication method involved in this embodiment can be applied to a communication system 100. As shown in Figure 2, the communication method of this embodiment includes steps S201 to S204.

[0136] In some embodiments, the above communication method is described using PCF as the first network element, UE1 as the first terminal, and UE2 as the second terminal as an example.

[0137] In step S201, UE1 sends the second information to PCF.

[0138] In some embodiments, UE1 sends second information. In some embodiments, the second information may be sent by UE1, but is not limited thereto; the second information may also be sent by other entities.

[0139] In some embodiments, UE1 sends a second message to the AMF to request the network to provide it with a strategy for inter-UE cooperative work. The AMF requests the strategy for inter-UE cooperative work associated with UE1 from the PCF through the SMF.

[0140] In some embodiments, the strategy for inter-UE collaboration can be understood as a policy or parameter for inter-UE collaboration. In one embodiment, the strategy / parameter for inter-terminal collaboration can also be referred to as collaboration strategy / parameter, UoC strategy / parameter, strategy / parameter for entering or leaving UoC mode, collaboration criteria, collaboration conditions, UoC mode criteria, UoC mode conditions, criteria for entering or leaving UoC mode, conditions for entering or leaving UoC mode, etc. In one embodiment, UE1 can determine whether to collaborate with other UEs (such as UE2) based on its associated UoC strategy / parameter. That is, the UoC strategy / parameter associated with UE1 is used for UE1's collaboration decision.

[0141] It is understandable that "synergy" can refer to multiple UEs sharing their own resources with each other. In other words, a UE shares at least a portion of its own resources with one or more other UEs, such as UE2.

[0142] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 may be associated.

[0143] In some embodiments, the association between UE1 and UE2 may include at least one of the following: UE1 and UE2 belong to the same user; UE1 and UE2 jointly complete a task; or UE1 and UE2 have a temporary association.

[0144] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 may belong to the same user. In one example, UE1 and UE2 may be different terminals of the same user. For example, a user can log in or use UE1 and UE2.

[0145] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 can work together to complete a task. In one example, UE1 can be responsible for one part of the task, and UE2 can be responsible for another part. For example, in a video communication scenario, UE1 can be responsible for the acquisition and transmission of audio data, and UE2 can be responsible for the acquisition and transmission of video data.

[0146] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 may have a temporary association. In one example, UE1 and UE2 may be associated for a short period of time. For example, UE1 and UE2 may be adjacent to each other, and UE1 and UE2 may jointly render video files.

[0147] In some embodiments, the number of UE2s may be greater than or equal to 1.

[0148] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 can be terminals providing the same functions or terminals providing different functions. In one example, UE1 or UE2 can be, but is not limited to, at least one of the following devices belonging to the user: smartphone, tablet, laptop, smart TV, and smart vehicle system. Of course, the above are merely examples of UE1 and UE2, and this disclosure does not specifically limit UE1 and UE2.

[0149] In some embodiments, UE1 may have communication requirements with one or more UE2s, meaning UE1 needs to interact with UE2s. For example, after a user enters a car, UE1 may be the user's smartphone, which then needs to interact with the car's infotainment system to receive messages, play music, or perform navigation while driving. In some embodiments, UE1 may not have communication requirements with one or more UE2s. For example, UE1 may be the user's smartphone, and UE2 may be the user's smartwatch. After another user sends a message to the user, UE1 and UE2 respectively provide message notifications to the user, without any interaction between UE1 and UE2.

[0150] In some embodiments, UE1 can communicate with one or more UE2s when there is a communication requirement between UE1 and one or more UE2s.

[0151] In some embodiments, UE1 can communicate with UE2 via non-3GPP methods. For example, UE1 can communicate with UE2 via Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), or near link.

[0152] In some embodiments, UE1 can communicate with UE2 through 3GPP proximity service (ProSe) technology.

[0153] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 may reside in a terminal set. In some embodiments, UE2 may be a UE that is allowed to work collaboratively with UE1. In some embodiments, the terminal set is associated with the aforementioned user, and all UEs in the terminal set can cooperate. In some embodiments, the terminal set may also be referred to as a terminal cooperation set.

[0154] In some embodiments, the terminal set may include multiple UEs. Each UE in the terminal set may use at least a portion of its own resources for the terminal set. In other words, each UE in the terminal set may share at least a portion of its own resources with other UEs in the terminal set. In some embodiments, the resources of the terminal set may include a combination of resources used by all UEs in the terminal set. In one example, the resources of the terminal set may include a combination of resources from all UEs in the terminal set.

[0155] In some embodiments, each UE in the terminal set can operate in a first state. In some embodiments, a UE in the first state can work collaboratively with other UEs in the terminal set. In one example, a UE in the first state can share at least a portion of its own resources with other UEs in the terminal set. In some embodiments, the first state can also be referred to as UoC mode.

[0156] In some embodiments, for a set of terminals, UoC enables the network to treat multiple UEs as a single logical UE, i.e., a set of terminals.

[0157] In some embodiments, multiple UEs in a terminal set may be associated. In some embodiments, multiple UEs in a terminal set may have a specific association relationship. In some embodiments, the association relationship between multiple UEs in a terminal set may include at least one of the following: multiple UEs in a terminal set belong to the same user; multiple UEs in a terminal set jointly complete a task; or multiple UEs in a terminal set have a temporary association relationship.

[0158] It should be noted that multiple UEs in the terminal set may have other relationships, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this. In the description of the embodiments of this disclosure, the example of multiple UEs in the terminal set belonging to the same user is used for illustration, but the solution of the embodiments of this disclosure is not limited to this.

[0159] In some embodiments, the resources shared by UE1 may include at least one of the following: bandwidth resources, network connection resources, and terminal capabilities.

[0160] In some embodiments, bandwidth resources can be bandwidth that UE1 can use. In one example, bandwidth resources may include bandwidth allocated to UE1 by the network.

[0161] In some embodiments, network connectivity resources may be the network connectivity of UE1. The network connectivity of UE1 may refer to the ability of UE1 to connect to various types of networks. In one example, network connectivity may include at least one of the following: 3G network connectivity, 4G network connectivity, 5G network connectivity, WiFi connectivity, and Bluetooth connectivity.

[0162] In some embodiments, the terminal capabilities can be the UE1's own hardware and software capabilities.

[0163] In some embodiments, terminal capabilities may include at least one of the following: artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities, computing capabilities, sensing capabilities, ranging / positioning capabilities, data communication capabilities, voice communication capabilities, and video communication capabilities.

[0164] In some embodiments, AI capabilities may include training and / or inference capabilities related to an AI / machine learning (ML) model. For example, UE1 may train an AI / ML model. For example, UE1 may perform inference based on an AI / ML model.

[0165] In some embodiments, computing power may include the ability to process information and perform calculations. In some embodiments, computing power may be hardware-related. For example, the computing power of UE1 may be related to the chip performance of UE1.

[0166] In some embodiments, the sensing capability may be the ability to perceive the environment. In some embodiments, the UE1 may be equipped with one or more sensors, and the UE1 may perceive the environment through these sensors.

[0167] In some embodiments, ranging / positioning capability may be the ability to perform distance measurement and / or location determination. In some embodiments, the ranging / positioning capability of UE1 may include the ability to range and / or position UE1 itself. In some embodiments, the ranging / positioning capability of UE1 may include the ability to range and / or position other terminals besides UE1 (e.g., UE2). For example, ranging / positioning capability may include ranging capability and positioning capability.

[0168] In some embodiments, data communication capability may be the ability to send and receive data. In one example, data communication capability may include the ability of UE1 to receive and / or send data.

[0169] In some embodiments, voice communication capability can be the ability to perform voice communication. In one example, voice communication capability can include the ability of UE1 to perform voice communication with other terminals. In one example, UE1 may have software and / or hardware for implementing voice communication. For example, UE1 may have voice communication capability if it has a speaker and microphone and has voice communication software.

[0170] In some embodiments, voice communication capability can be the ability to perform voice communication. For example, voice communication capability may include the ability of UE1 to perform video communication with other terminals. In one example, voice communication capability may include the ability of UE1 to perform video communication with other terminals. In one example, UE1 may have software and / or hardware for implementing video communication. For example, if UE1 has a camera, speaker, and microphone, and has video communication software, UE1 may have video communication capability.

[0171] In some embodiments, UE1 can request its associated UoC policy / parameters from the AMF by sending a second message during the registration process. In one example, during UE1's initial registration process, UE1 sends a registration request message to the AMF, which includes a UE policy container, i.e., the second message. The AMF responds to the registration request message by requesting the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 from the PCF.

[0172] In some embodiments, UE1 may request its associated UoC policy / parameters from the AMF by sending a second message, such as periodically switching and selecting a new AMF. In one example, UE1 sends a policy request message, i.e., the second message, to the AMF. The AMF responds to the policy request message by requesting the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 from the PCF.

[0173] In some embodiments, the name of the second information may also be other information, such as policy update information, policy change information, policy information, etc., and this disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0174] In some embodiments, the second information may include at least one of the following: third PLMN information; third location information; third time information.

[0175] In some embodiments, the third PLMN information indicates a third PLMN. In one embodiment, UE1 requests to work in a specific PLMN with UE2. This specific PLMN is then the third PLMN. In one embodiment, the third PLMN may include one or more PLMNs. In one example, the third PLMN may be either UE1's home PLMN or UE1's visited PLMN.

[0176] In some embodiments, the third location information indicates a third location. In one embodiment, UE1 requests to work collaboratively with UE2 at a specific location. This specific location is then the third location. In one embodiment, the third location can be a geographical location. In one example, the third location can be indicated by information such as latitude and longitude, cell ID, tracking area identity (TAI), and access network node ID.

[0177] In some embodiments, the third time information indicates a fourth time period. In one embodiment, UE1 requests to work collaboratively with UE2 within a specific time period. This specific time period is then the fourth time period. In one embodiment, the fourth time period can be a relative time, counted in time units such as minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years. For example, 5 hours, 7 days, 1 month, etc. In another embodiment, the fourth time period can be an absolute time, that is, a specific time period. For example, 8:00 to 12:00, Monday to Friday, the third quarter, the first half of the year, etc.

[0178] Of course, the above are only examples of parameters included in the second information. The second information may also include other parameters, and this disclosure does not specifically limit them.

[0179] In some embodiments, step S201 is omitted when the PCF actively provides or updates the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1.

[0180] In step S202, the PCF determines the first information.

[0181] In some embodiments, the PCF determines the first information based on the second information. In some embodiments, the PCF actively determines the first information.

[0182] In some embodiments, the first information indicates the UoC policy / parameter associated with UE1. In some embodiments, the name of the first information is not specifically limited, such as policy information, configuration information, indication information, etc.

[0183] In some embodiments, the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 can be provided to UE1 by the application server through the PCF. In one embodiment, the application server configures the associated UoC policy / parameters for UE1 and provides them to the PCF, which then provides them to UE1.

[0184] In some embodiments, the UoC policy / parameter associated with UE1 can be configured by PCF and provided to UE1.

[0185] In some embodiments, UE policies / parameters can be policies / parameters for inter-terminal collaborative work. In one embodiment, policies / parameters for inter-terminal collaborative work can be referred to as collaborative work policies / parameters, UoC policies / parameters, policies / parameters for entering or leaving UoC mode, collaborative work criteria, collaborative work conditions, UoC mode criteria, UoC mode conditions, criteria for entering or leaving UoC mode, conditions for entering or leaving UoC mode, etc. In one embodiment, UE1 can determine whether to collaborate with other UEs (such as UE2) based on its associated UoC policies / parameters. That is, the UoC policies / parameters associated with UE1 are used for UE1's collaborative work determination.

[0186] It is understandable that "synergy" can refer to multiple UEs sharing their own resources with each other. In other words, a UE shares at least a portion of its own resources with one or more other UEs, such as UE2.

[0187] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 may be associated.

[0188] In some embodiments, the association between UE1 and UE2 may include at least one of the following: UE1 and UE2 belong to the same user; UE1 and UE2 jointly complete a task; or UE1 and UE2 have a temporary association.

[0189] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 may belong to the same user. In one example, UE1 and UE2 may be different terminals of the same user. For example, a user can log in or use UE1 and UE2.

[0190] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 can work together to complete a task. In one example, UE1 can be responsible for one part of the task, and UE2 can be responsible for another part. For example, in a video communication scenario, UE1 can be responsible for the acquisition and transmission of audio data, and UE2 can be responsible for the acquisition and transmission of video data.

[0191] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 may have a temporary association. In one example, UE1 and UE2 may be associated for a short period of time. For example, UE1 and UE2 may be adjacent to each other, and UE1 and UE2 may jointly render video files.

[0192] In some embodiments, the number of UE2s may be greater than or equal to 1.

[0193] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 can be terminals providing the same functions or terminals providing different functions. In one example, UE1 or UE2 can be, but is not limited to, at least one of the following devices belonging to the user: smartphone, tablet, laptop, smart TV, and smart vehicle system. Of course, the above are merely examples of UE1 and UE2, and this disclosure does not specifically limit UE1 and UE2.

[0194] In some embodiments, UE1 may have communication requirements with one or more UE2s, meaning UE1 needs to interact with UE2s. For example, after a user enters a car, UE1 may be the user's smartphone, which then needs to interact with the car's infotainment system to receive messages, play music, or perform navigation while driving. In some embodiments, UE1 may not have communication requirements with one or more UE2s. For example, UE1 may be the user's smartphone, and UE2 may be the user's smartwatch. After another user sends a message to the user, UE1 and UE2 respectively provide message notifications to the user, without any interaction between UE1 and UE2.

[0195] In some embodiments, UE1 can communicate with one or more UE2s when there is a communication requirement between UE1 and one or more UE2s.

[0196] In some embodiments, UE1 can communicate with UE2 via non-3GPP methods. For example, UE1 can communicate with UE2 via Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), or near link.

[0197] In some embodiments, UE1 can communicate with UE2 through 3GPP proximity service (ProSe) technology.

[0198] In some embodiments, UE1 and UE2 may reside in a terminal set. In some embodiments, UE2 may be a UE that is allowed to work collaboratively with UE1. In some embodiments, the terminal set is associated with the aforementioned user, and all UEs in the terminal set can cooperate. In some embodiments, the terminal set may also be referred to as a terminal cooperation set.

[0199] In some embodiments, the terminal set may include multiple UEs. Each UE in the terminal set may use at least a portion of its own resources for the terminal set. In other words, each UE in the terminal set may share at least a portion of its own resources with other UEs in the terminal set. In some embodiments, the resources of the terminal set may include a combination of resources used by all UEs in the terminal set. In one example, the resources of the terminal set may include a combination of resources from all UEs in the terminal set.

[0200] In some embodiments, each UE in the terminal set can operate in a first state. In some embodiments, a UE in the first state can work collaboratively with other UEs in the terminal set. In one example, a UE in the first state can share at least a portion of its own resources with other UEs in the terminal set. In some embodiments, the first state can also be referred to as UoC mode.

[0201] In some embodiments, for a set of terminals, UoC enables the network to treat multiple UEs as a single logical UE, i.e., a set of terminals.

[0202] In some embodiments, multiple UEs in a terminal set may be associated. In some embodiments, multiple UEs in a terminal set may have a specific association relationship. In some embodiments, the association relationship between multiple UEs in a terminal set may include at least one of the following: multiple UEs in a terminal set belong to the same user; multiple UEs in a terminal set jointly complete a task; or multiple UEs in a terminal set have a temporary association relationship.

[0203] It should be noted that multiple UEs in the terminal set may have other relationships, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this. In the description of the embodiments of this disclosure, the example of multiple UEs in the terminal set belonging to the same user is used for illustration, but the solution of the embodiments of this disclosure is not limited to this.

[0204] In some embodiments, the first information may include at least one of the following parameters: identification information of the terminal set to which UE1 is located; identification information of the user to which UE1 belongs; identification information of UE2; first PLMN information; first location information; and first time information.

[0205] In some embodiments, the identification information of the terminal set can be used to indicate the terminal set to which UE1 belongs. In one embodiment, UE1 may correspond to one or more terminal sets. The multiple terminal sets corresponding to UE1 may correspond to different identifiers. In one example, UE1 may correspond to two terminal sets, with identifiers ID1 and ID2 respectively.

[0206] In some embodiments, when UE1 corresponds to multiple terminal sets, the UEs in different terminal sets can be completely different or partially the same. In one example, UE1 can correspond to two terminal sets, where one terminal set may include two UEs that are allowed to work with UE1, and the other terminal set may include three UEs that are allowed to work with UE1. Here, the two UEs in the former terminal set and the three UEs in the latter terminal set can be completely different. Alternatively, one UE in the former terminal set may also be located in the latter terminal set.

[0207] In some embodiments, user identification information can be used to indicate a user who is able to log in or use UE1. In one example, the user's identification may include at least one of the following: the user's login account on UE1 and UE2, or the user's mobile phone number. For example, a user can log in on UE1 and UE2 using the same login account. In this case, the login account can serve as the user's identification. Similarly, a user can log in on UE1 and UE2 using the same mobile phone number. In this case, the mobile phone number can serve as the user's identification.

[0208] In some embodiments, the identification information of UE2 may include at least one of the following: International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI), 5G Globally Unique Temporary Identifier (5G-GUTI), International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI), Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI), and Subscription Concealed Identifier (SUCI). It should be noted that UE2 may also have other identifiers, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this type of identification.

[0209] In some embodiments, the first PLMN information indicates a first PLMN. In one embodiment, UE1 is allowed to work collaboratively with UE2 in a specific PLMN. This specific PLMN is the first PLMN. In one embodiment, the first PLMN may include one or more PLMNs. In one example, the first PLMN may be either the home PLMN of UE1 or the visited PLMN of UE1.

[0210] In some embodiments, the first location information indicates a first location. In one embodiment, UE1 is allowed to work collaboratively with UE2 at a specific location. This specific location is the first location. In one embodiment, the first location can be a geographical location. In one example, the first location can be indicated by information such as latitude and longitude, cell ID, tracking area identity (TAI), and access network node ID.

[0211] In some embodiments, the first time information indicates a first time period. In one embodiment, UE1 is allowed to work collaboratively with UE2 during a specific time period. This specific time period is then called the first time period. In one embodiment, the first time period can be a relative time, counted in time units such as minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years. For example, 5 hours, 7 days, 1 month, etc. In one embodiment, the third time period can be an absolute time, that is, a specific time period. For example, the first time period can be 8:00 to 12:00, Monday to Friday, the third quarter, the first half of the year, etc.

[0212] In some embodiments, when the PCF determines the first information based on the second information, the first PLMN may include a third PLMN, the first location may include a third location, and the first time period may include a fourth time period.

[0213] Of course, the above are only examples of parameters included in the first information. The first information may also include other parameters, and this disclosure does not specifically limit them.

[0214] In some embodiments, UE1 can be associated with one or more sets of UoC policies / parameters. In some embodiments, UoC policies / parameters can be configured at a granularity such as PLMN, geographical location, or time period. In one embodiment, the UoC policies / parameters associated with UE1 can be the same or different in different PLMNs. In one embodiment, the UoC policies / parameters associated with UE1 can be the same or different in different geographical locations. In one embodiment, the UoC policies / parameters associated with UE1 can be the same or different in different time periods.

[0215] In some embodiments, when UE1 is associated with multiple sets of UoC policies / parameters, one or more sets of UoC policies / parameters associated with UE1 can be determined based on at least one of the following: the PLMN where UE1 is located; the subscription information of UE1; the location of UE1; and the second time period.

[0216] In some embodiments, the PLMN where UE1 is located can be understood as at least one of the PLMN where UE1 is currently located and the third PLMN. In one embodiment, the PLMN where UE1 is located can be the PLMN that provides services to UE1. In one example, the PLMN where UE1 is located can be the home PLMN of UE1 or the visited PLMN of UE1.

[0217] In some embodiments, the subscription information of UE1 can be understood as information set by the operator when UE1 subscribes. In one embodiment, the subscription information of UE1 may include at least one of the following: identification information of the terminal set to which UE1 is located; identification information of the user to which UE1 belongs; identification information of UE2; identification information of the PLMN (such as a second PLMN) that allows UE1 and UE2 to work together (i.e., second PLMN information); location information of the location (such as a second location) that allows UE1 and UE2 to work together (i.e., second location information); and time information of the time period (such as a third time period) that allows UE1 and UE2 to work together (i.e., second time information).

[0218] In some embodiments, the location of UE1 can be understood as at least one of the current geographical location of UE1 and a third location. In one example, the location of UE1 can be indicated by information such as latitude and longitude, cell ID, tracking area identity (TAI), and access network node ID.

[0219] In some embodiments, the second time period can be understood as at least one of one or more specific time periods and a fourth time period. In one embodiment, the specific time period can be a time period that includes the current time, for example, if the current time is 10:00, the specific time period can be from 8:00 to 12:00; or, if the current time is 15:00, the specific time period can be from 14:00 to 15:30. In one embodiment, the second time period can be a relative time, counted in time units such as minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, etc. For example, 5 hours, 7 days, 1 month, etc. In one embodiment, the third time period can be an absolute time, that is, a specific time period. For example, the second time period can be from 8:00 to 12:00, Monday to Friday, the third quarter, the first half of the year, etc.

[0220] In some embodiments, UE1's subscription information can be stored in a user data management network element (such as a unified data repository (UDR)). In one embodiment, the PCF obtains UE1's subscription information from the UDR.

[0221] In some embodiments, the identification information of the terminal set in the subscription information of UE1 described above can be used to indicate the terminal set. In one embodiment, a user can correspond to one or more terminal sets. The multiple terminal sets corresponding to a user can correspond to different identifiers. In one example, a user can correspond to two terminal sets, with identifiers ID1 and ID2, respectively.

[0222] In some embodiments, when a user corresponds to multiple terminal sets, the terminals in different terminal sets can be completely different or partially the same. In one example, a user can correspond to two terminal sets, where one terminal set may include two UEs associated with the user, and the other terminal set may include three UEs associated with the user. Here, the two UEs in the former terminal set and the three UEs in the latter terminal set can be completely different. Alternatively, one UE in the former terminal set may also be located in the latter terminal set.

[0223] In some embodiments, the user's identification information in the subscription information of UE1 described above can be used to identify the user. In one example, the user's identification may include at least one of the following: the user's login account on UE1 and UE2, and the user's mobile phone number. For example, a user can log in on UE1 and UE2 using the same login account. In this case, the login account can serve as the user's identification. For example, a user can log in on UE1 and UE2 using the same mobile phone number. In this case, the mobile phone number can serve as the user's identification.

[0224] In some embodiments, the identification information of UE2 may include at least one of the following: International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI), 5G Globally Unique Temporary Identifier (5G-GUTI), International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI), Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI), and Subscription Concealed Identifier (SUCI). It should be noted that UE2 may also have other identifiers, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this type of identification.

[0225] In some embodiments, the second PLMN information in the subscription information of UE1 indicates a second PLMN. In one embodiment, UE1 is allowed to work with UE2 in a specific PLMN. This specific PLMN is the second PLMN. In one embodiment, the second PLMN may include one or more PLMNs. In one example, the second PLMN may be the home PLMN of UE1 or the visited PLMN of UE1. In one embodiment, the PCF may determine the second PLMN containing the PLMN where the UE is located as the first PLMN.

[0226] In some embodiments, the second location information in the subscription information of UE1 indicates a second location. In one embodiment, UE1 is allowed to work collaboratively with UE2 at a specific location. This specific location is the second location. In one embodiment, the second location can be a geographical location. In one example, the second location can be indicated by latitude and longitude, cell ID, tracking area identity (TAI), access network node ID, etc. In one embodiment, the PCF can determine the second location, which includes the location of the UE, as the first location.

[0227] In some embodiments, the second time information in the subscription information of UE1 indicates a third time period. In one embodiment, UE1 is allowed to work collaboratively with UE2 during a specific time period. This specific time period is then the third time period. In one embodiment, the third time period can be a relative time, counted in time units such as minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years. For example, 5 hours, 7 days, 1 month, etc. In one embodiment, the third time period can be an absolute time, that is, a specific time period. For example, the third time period can be 8:00 to 12:00, Monday to Friday, the third quarter, the first half of the year, etc. In one embodiment, the PCF can determine the third time period, which includes the second time period, as the first time period.

[0228] In some embodiments, the aforementioned third time period including the second time period can be understood as the second time period being shorter than the third time period. For example, the second time period is 5 hours and the third time period is 12 hours. Alternatively, the aforementioned third time period including the second time period can be understood as the second time period being located within the third time period. For example, the second time period is from 8:00 to 12:00 and the third time period is from 6:00 to 15:00.

[0229] In some embodiments, the application server or PCF may refer to the aforementioned factors when determining the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1. Of course, the above one or more factors are merely examples of reference factors when determining the UoC policy / parameters of UE1. The UoC policy / parameters of UE1 may also be determined by referring to other factors, such as the subscription information of UE2, the UoC policy / parameters of UE2, operator policies, etc. This disclosure does not specifically limit these factors.

[0230] In step S203, PCF sends the first information to UE1.

[0231] In some embodiments, the PCF sends first information. In some embodiments, the first information may be sent by the PCF, but is not limited to this; the first information may also be sent by other entities.

[0232] In some embodiments, the PCF can provide first information to UE1 through the SMF and AMF. In one embodiment, the PCF sends the first information to the SMF, the SMF can send the first information to the AMF, and then the AMF sends the first information to UE1.

[0233] In some embodiments, the PCF can provide first information to UE1 through the AMF. In one embodiment, the PCF sends first information to the AMF, and the AMF can send first information to UE1.

[0234] In some embodiments, the first information may be carried in non-access stratum (NAS) signaling.

[0235] In some embodiments, the first information may be provided to UE1 by PCF. In one embodiment, PCF provides the first information to UE1 in the manner described above.

[0236] In some embodiments, the first information may also be pre-configured. In one embodiment, the first information may be pre-stored in the ME and provided to UE1 by the ME. In one embodiment, the first information may also be pre-set in the UICC and provided to UE1 by the UICC. In another embodiment, the first information may also be pre-stored in the ME and then configured by the UICC. That is, one or more UE policies may be pre-stored in the ME, and then one or more of these UE policies may be configured or activated by the UICC. In this case, the first information is provided to UE1 jointly by the ME and the UICC.

[0237] In some embodiments, if the first information is pre-configured, steps S201 to S203 may be omitted.

[0238] It should be noted that the above is only an example of providing the first information to UE1. The first information can also be provided to UE1 in other ways, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0239] In some embodiments, the PCF may provide first information to UE1 when at least one of the following conditions is met: UE1 is registered, UE1 requests first information, UE1's PLMN changes, UE1's location changes, UE1 is in a specific time period (such as a second time period), or UE1's subscription information is updated.

[0240] In some embodiments, as described in step S201, during the registration process of UE1, the PCF can provide first information to UE1. In one embodiment, during the initial registration process, UE1 sends a registration request message to the AMF, which includes the UE Policy Container, i.e., the second information. The AMF responds to UE1's request by requesting the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 from the PCF. At this time, the PCF responds to the AMF's request by providing the first information to UE1.

[0241] In some embodiments, UE1 may also request its associated UoC policy / parameters from the network side, i.e., UE1 requests first information, i.e., UE1 sends second information. In this case, the AMF or SMF responds to the request and requests the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 from the PCF. The PCF, in response to the AMF or SMF's request, provides the first information associated with UE1 and sends the first information to UE1.

[0242] In some embodiments, UE1 moves from PLMN A to PLMN B, meaning the PLMN where UE1 is located changes. At this time, the PCF can provide UE1 with first information, which indicates the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 in PLMN B. In one embodiment, the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 in PLMN A and PLMN B can be the same or different.

[0243] In some embodiments, UE1 moves from location A to location B, meaning the location of UE1 changes. At this time, the PCF provides UE1 with first information indicating the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 at location B. In one embodiment, the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 at location A may be the same as or different from the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 at location B.

[0244] In some embodiments, the current time transitions from time period A to time period B, such as from January to February. At this time, the PCF provides UE1 with first information indicating the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 within time period B. In one embodiment, the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 within time period A and the UoC policy / parameters associated with UE1 within time period B may be the same or different.

[0245] In some embodiments, UE1's subscription information is updated. At this time, the PCF provides UE1 with first information, which indicates the updated UoC policy / parameters.

[0246] In step S204, UE1 determines, based on the first information, that it is allowed to work in conjunction with UE2.

[0247] In some embodiments, the UE determines whether it is allowed to work with UE2 based on the UoC policy / parameters indicated by the first information. In one embodiment, the UE determines that it is allowed to work with UE2 based on the UoC policy / parameters indicated by the first information. In another embodiment, the UE determines that it is not allowed to work with UE2 based on the UoC policy / parameters indicated by the first information.

[0248] In some embodiments, the first information includes the identification information of the terminal set to which UE1 belongs. In this case, UE1 determines that it is allowed to work with UE2 within that terminal set. Conversely, UE1 determines that it is not allowed to work with UE2 outside that terminal set. In one example, UE1 and UE2 belong to terminal set ID1. If the first information includes the identification information of terminal set ID1, then UE1 determines that it is allowed to work with UE2 in terminal set ID1.

[0249] In some embodiments, the first information includes the identification information of the user to which UE1 belongs. In this case, UE1 determines that it is allowed to work collaboratively with UE2, which belongs to the user to which it belongs. In one example, UE1 belongs to user A. If the first information includes the identification information of user A, then UE1 determines that it is allowed to work collaboratively with UE2, which belongs to user A.

[0250] In some embodiments, the first information includes the identification information of UE2, in which case UE1 determines that it is allowed to work with these UE2s. Conversely, UE1 determines that it is not allowed to work with other UE2s. In some embodiments, the UE2 indicated by the first information may be a UE2 that is allowed to work with UE1 and has a communication requirement with UE1, such as a UE2 that has already established a communication connection with UE1. In one example, UE1 is a smartphone. UE2 may include a smart vehicle system, headphones, or a smartwatch. If the first information includes the identification information of the smart vehicle system and the smartwatch, and the smart vehicle system and the smartwatch have established a communication connection with the smartphone, while the headphones have not established a communication connection with the smartphone, then UE1 determines that it is allowed to work with the smart vehicle system and the smartwatch, but not allowed to work with the headphones. In some embodiments, the UE2 indicated by the first information may also be a UE2 that is allowed to work with UE1 and has no communication requirement with UE1, such as a UE2 that has not established a communication connection with UE1. In one example, UE1 is a smartphone. UE2 may include a smart vehicle system, headphones, or a smartwatch. If the first information includes the identification information of the smartwatch, and the smart vehicle system and the smartwatch are already connected to the smartphone, while the earphones are not connected to the smartphone, then UE1 determines that it is allowed to work with the smartwatch, but not with the smartwatch already connected to the smartphone. In one example, UE1 is a smartphone. UE2 may include the smart vehicle system, earphones, and smartwatch. If the first information includes the identification information of the smart vehicle system, the earphones, and the smartwatch, and the smart vehicle system and the smartwatch are already connected to the smartphone, while the earphones are not connected to the smartphone, then UE1 determines that it is allowed to work with the smart vehicle system, earphones, and smartwatch. In this case, the smartphone does not consider whether it is connected to the smart vehicle system, earphones, or smartwatch.

[0251] In some embodiments, the first information includes first PLMN information, in which case UE1 determines that it is allowed to work collaboratively with UE2 in the first PLMN. Conversely, UE1 determines that it is not allowed to work collaboratively with UE2 in other PLMNs. Here, UE2 working collaboratively with UE1 in the first PLMN can be indicated by at least one of the identification information of the terminal set to which UE1 belongs, the identification information of the user to which UE1 belongs, and the identification information of UE2. Of course, UE2 working collaboratively with UE1 in the first PLMN can also be all UE2s allowed to work collaboratively with UE1, and these UE2s belong to the same terminal set as UE1.

[0252] In some embodiments, the first information includes first location information, in which case UE1 determines that it is permitted to work with UE2 at the first location. Conversely, UE1 determines that it is not permitted to work with UE2 at other locations. Here, UE2 working with UE1 at the first location can be indicated by at least one of the identification information of the terminal set to which UE1 belongs, the identification information of the user to which UE1 belongs, and the identification information of UE2. Of course, UE2 working with UE1 at the first location can also be all UE2s permitted to work with UE1, and these UE2s belong to the same terminal set as UE1.

[0253] In some embodiments, the first information includes first time information, in which UE1 determines that it is allowed to work with UE2 during a first time period. Conversely, UE1 determines that it is not allowed to work with UE2 during other time periods. Here, UE2 working with UE1 during the first time period can be indicated by at least one of the identification information of the terminal set to which UE1 belongs, the identification information of the user to which UE1 belongs, and the identification information of UE2. Of course, UE2 working with UE1 during the first time period can also be all UE2s that are allowed to work with UE1, and these UE2s belong to the same terminal set as UE1.

[0254] In some embodiments, after determining that it is permitted to work with UE2, UE1 may also send third information to the PCF when it determines that it needs to work with UE2. In one embodiment, the third information may be sent by UE1, but is not limited to this; the third information may also be sent by other entities. In one embodiment, the third information may be received by the PCF, but is not limited to this; the third information may also be sent and received by other entities.

[0255] The communication method of this embodiment can be realized through the above steps S2101 to S2104.

[0256] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0257] In some embodiments, the terms "uplink", "uplink", and "physical uplink" can be used interchangeably, as can the terms "downlink", "downlink", and "physical downlink", as well as the terms "sidelink", "sidelink", "sidelink communication", "sidelink communication", "direct connection", "direct link", "direct communication", and "direct link communication".

[0258] In some embodiments, “get,” “obtain,” “receive,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” and “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining through self-processing, or autonomous implementation, among other meanings.

[0259] In some embodiments, terms such as “send,” “transmit,” “report,” “distribute,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably.

[0260] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain", "preset", "default", "set", "indicated", "a certain", "any", and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A", "preset A", "default A", "set A", "indicated A", "a certain A", "any A", and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0261] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (boolean), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0262] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S201 to S204. For example, step S201 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S202 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S203 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S204 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, a combination of steps S202 and S203 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, a combination of steps S201, S202, and S203 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, a combination of steps S202, S203, and S204 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. It should be noted that the possible standalone embodiments consisting of one or more steps S201 to S204 are not limited thereto.

[0263] In some embodiments, step S201 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments. In some embodiments, steps S201, S202, and S203 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0264] In some embodiments, other optional implementations may be described before or after the embodiment corresponding to FIG2.

[0265] Figure 3 is an interactive schematic diagram of the communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, the above method includes steps S301 and S302.

[0266] In step S301, the first network element sends the first information to the first terminal.

[0267] The optional implementation of step S301 can be found in the optional implementation of step S203 in Figure 3, as well as other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0268] In step S302, the first terminal determines that it is allowed to work in coordination with the second terminal based on the first information.

[0269] The optional implementation of step S301 can be found in the optional implementation of step S204 in Figure 2, as well as other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0270] In the following, specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described by way of example.

[0271] In this embodiment, the UE is configured with UoC policy / parameters, based on which the UE can decide whether to request the network to activate its own UoC mode. For example, when UE1 connects to a neighboring UE2, if UE2 and UE1 are in the same cooperation set, UE1 checks its local UoC policy / parameters to share resources and cooperate with UE2. If UE2 and UE1 are in the same UE cooperation set, UE1 sends a request to the network to activate its own UoC mode.

[0272] In some embodiments, the UoC policy / parameter may include:

[0273] UE collaboration set identifier, associated with a UE authorized to activate UoC mode;

[0274] User identifier, associated with the UE authorized to activate UoC mode;

[0275] UE identifier, associated with a UE authorized to activate UoC mode;

[0276] The UE identifier of a UE connected in the same collaboration set is associated with the UE authorized to activate UoC mode;

[0277] PLMN(s), associated with a UE that is authorized to activate UoC mode;

[0278] Time and location are associated with the authorized activation of UoC mode.

[0279] In some implementations, UoC policies / parameters can make the UE available in the following ways:

[0280] Available in ME;

[0281] Configure it in UICC;

[0282] Provided in ME and configured in UICC;

[0283] The UoC application server provides or updates the information to the UE directly or through core network elements (such as PCF).

[0284] It is provided or updated to the UE by core network elements (such as PCF).

[0285] In some embodiments, when the UoC policy / parameters are provided or updated to the UE by a core network element (e.g., PCF), the core network element (e.g., PCF) determines the UoC policy / parameters based on at least one of the following:

[0286] The UE's mobility status, for example, the UE moving from one PLMN to another;

[0287] UE's contract information;

[0288] - The location of the UE (e.g., Cell ID(s), TAI(s), RAN node ID, geolocation);

[0289] Time period.

[0290] In some embodiments, for UoC, the UE's subscription information is defined as follows:

[0291] UE collaboration set identifier, associated with a UE authorized to activate UoC mode;

[0292] User identifier, associated with the UE authorized to activate UoC mode;

[0293] UE identifier, associated with a UE authorized to activate UoC mode;

[0294] The UE identifier connected within the same collaboration set is associated with the UE authorized to activate UoC mode;

[0295] PLMN(s), associated with a UE that is authorized to activate UoC mode;

[0296] Time and location are associated with the authorized activation of UoC mode.

[0297] In some embodiments, the UE's UoC subscription information is stored in a user data management network element (e.g., UDR). The core network element (e.g., PCF) obtains the UE's subscription information from the user data management network element (e.g., UDR).

[0298] In some embodiments, the UoC policy / parameters are provided or updated by the core network element (e.g., PCF) to the UE when the following conditions are met:

[0299] UE registration;

[0300] UE's request for UoC policy / parameters;

[0301] Changes in UE mobility status;

[0302] Changes in UE location;

[0303] A specific time period;

[0304] UE's UoC subscription information has been updated.

[0305] In some embodiments, if the UE knows in advance the conditions that will trigger UoC mode, it can avoid sending unnecessary requests to the network. This helps reduce network traffic and ensures efficient utilization of network resources. Furthermore, knowing when to trigger UoC mode can help the UE conserve battery life because it can avoid sending unnecessary requests that could drain the battery. Moreover, by knowing in advance the conditions that will trigger UoC mode, the UE can help reduce network congestion because it can avoid sending unnecessary requests that could increase network traffic.

[0306] In the embodiments disclosed herein, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations in other embodiments.

[0307] In the embodiments disclosed herein, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations in other embodiments.

[0308] This disclosure also provides communication apparatuses for implementing any of the above methods. For example, this disclosure provides a communication apparatus including units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a terminal in any of the above methods. For example, this disclosure provides a communication apparatus including units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device in any of the above methods.

[0309] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0310] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a central processing unit, microprocessor, graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a type of microprocessor), or digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device, such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), tensor processing unit (TPU), deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc.

[0311] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the communication device 400 may include at least one of the following: a transceiver module 401 and a processing module 402.

[0312] In some embodiments, the communication device 400 may be a first terminal. In some embodiments, the processing module 402 may be configured to: determine, based on first information, that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with a second terminal; wherein the second terminal is a terminal allowed to work collaboratively with the first terminal, the first terminal and the second terminal in the first state belong to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set are associated and work collaboratively. Optionally, the processing module 402 may be configured to execute at least one of the steps performed by the first terminal in any of the above methods, other than communication steps such as sending and / or receiving (such as steps S202, S204, but not limited thereto), which will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 401 may be configured to execute at least one of the communication steps performed by the first terminal in any of the above methods, such as sending and / or receiving (such as steps S201, S203, but not limited thereto), which will not be elaborated here.

[0313] In some embodiments, the communication device 400 may be a first network element. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 401 may be configured to: send first information, the first information being used to determine that a first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with a second terminal, the second terminal being a terminal allowed to work collaboratively with the first terminal, the first terminal and the second terminal in a first state belonging to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set being associated and working collaboratively. Optionally, the transceiver module 401 may be configured to perform at least one of the communication steps (such as steps S201, S203, but not limited thereto) performed by the first network element in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the processing module 402 may be configured to perform at least one of the other steps (such as steps S202, S204, but not limited thereto) performed by the first network element in any of the above methods, excluding communication steps such as sending and / or receiving, which will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a sending module and / or a receiving module. The sending module and the receiving module may be separate or integrated together. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with a transceiver.

[0314] In some embodiments, the processing module may be a single module or may include multiple sub-modules. Optionally, the multiple sub-modules may each perform all or part of the steps required by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module may be interchangeable with a processor.

[0315] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device 5100 may be a first terminal or a first network element, or it may be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the first terminal or the first network element in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 5100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0316] As shown in Figure 5A, the communication device 5100 includes one or more processors 5101. The processor 5101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 5100 can be used to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 5101 can be used to invoke instructions to cause the communication device 5100 to execute any of the above methods.

[0317] In some embodiments, the communication device 5100 further includes one or more transceivers 5102. When the communication device 5100 includes one or more transceivers 5102, the transceiver 5102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above-described method. The processor 5101 performs at least one of the other steps. In optional embodiments, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, interface, etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0318] In some embodiments, the communication device 5100 further includes one or more memories 5103 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memories 5103 may be located outside the communication device 5100. In optional embodiments, the communication device 5100 may include one or more interface circuits 5104. Optionally, the interface circuits 5104 are connected to the memories 5103 and can be used to receive data from the memories 5103 or other devices, and to send data to the memories 5103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 5104 can read data stored in the memories 5103 and send the data to the processor 5101.

[0319] The communication device 5100 described in the above embodiments may be a first terminal or a first network element, but the scope of the communication device 5100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 5100 may not be limited by FIG5A. The communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the above IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0320] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of a chip provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For cases where the communication device 5100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of the chip 5200 shown in Figure 5B, but it is not limited thereto.

[0321] In some embodiments, chip 5200 includes one or more processors 5201. Chip 5200 is used to perform any of the methods described above.

[0322] In some embodiments, chip 5200 further includes one or more interface circuits 5202. Optionally, terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pin can be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 5200 further includes one or more memories 5203 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memories 5203 may be located outside of chip 5200. Optionally, interface circuit 5202 is connected to memory 5203, and interface circuit 5202 can be used to receive data from memory 5203 or other devices, and interface circuit 5202 can be used to send data to memory 5203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 5202 can read data stored in memory 5203 and send the data to processor 5201.

[0323] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 5202 performs at least one of the communication steps (such as steps S201 and S203, but not limited thereto) in the above-described method, including sending and / or receiving. For example, the interface circuit 5202 performing the communication steps (such as sending and / or receiving) in the above-described method means that the interface circuit 5202 performs data interaction between the processor 5201, the chip 5200, the memory 5203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 5201 performs at least one of other steps (such as steps S202 and S204, but not limited thereto).

[0324] The modules and / or devices described in the various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be combined or separated arbitrarily as needed. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0325] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device 5100, cause the communication device 5100 to perform any of the methods described above. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0326] This disclosure also proposes a program product that, when executed by a communication device 5100, causes the communication device 5100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0327] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

[0328] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0329] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, executed by a first terminal, wherein, The method includes: Based on the first information, it is determined that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal; The second terminal is a terminal that is allowed to work in conjunction with the first terminal. The first terminal and the second terminal in the first state belong to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set are associated and work in conjunction.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Multiple terminals in the terminal set share resources.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The association relationships between multiple terminals in the terminal set include at least one of the following: Multiple terminals in the terminal set belong to the same user; Multiple terminals in the terminal set work together to complete a task; There are temporary associations between multiple terminals in the terminal set.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following: The identification information of the terminal set; The identification information of the user to whom the first terminal belongs; The identification information of the second terminal; First Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) information, wherein the first PLMN information is used to indicate a first PLMN that allows the first terminal to work in conjunction with the second terminal; First location information, the first location information is used to indicate a first location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; First time information, which indicates a first time period during which the first terminal and the second terminal are allowed to work together.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The step of determining, based on the first information, that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the connected second terminal includes at least one of the following: Based on the identification information of the terminal set, it is determined that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal belong to the terminal set; Based on the identifier of the user to which the first terminal belongs, it is determined that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal, wherein the user to which the first terminal belongs is the same as the user to which the second terminal belongs; Based on the identification information of the second terminal, it is determined that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal; Based on the first PLMN information, it is determined that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal in the first PLMN; Based on the first location information, it is determined that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal at the first location; Based on the first time information, it is determined that the first terminal is allowed to work collaboratively with the second terminal during the first time period.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The first information is provided to the first terminal via one of the following: Provided in the ME mobile device; Configured in the Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC); Provided in ME and configured in UICC; Provided or updated by the application server through the first network element; Provided or updated by the first network element.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The first network element is a core network element, and the first network element is used to implement policy control.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The first information is determined based on at least one of the following: The PLMN where the first terminal is located; The contract information of the first terminal; The location of the first terminal; The second time period.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The subscription information of the first terminal includes at least one of the following: The identification information of the terminal set; The identification information of the user to whom the first terminal belongs; The identification information of the second terminal; Second PLMN information, the second PLMN information is used to indicate a second PLMN that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; Second location information, the second location information is used to indicate a second location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; The second time information is used to indicate a third time period during which the first terminal and the second terminal are allowed to work together.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The first information is provided to the first terminal by the first network element when at least one of the following conditions is met: Register the first terminal; The first terminal requests the first information; The PLMN of the first terminal changes; The position of the first terminal has changed; Within the second time period; The contract information of the first terminal is updated.

11. A communication method, executed by a first network element, wherein, The method includes: Send first information, the first information being used to determine that the first terminal is allowed to work in collaboration with the second terminal, the second terminal being a terminal allowed to work in collaboration with the first terminal, the first terminal and the second terminal in the first state belonging to the same terminal set, and multiple terminals in the terminal set being associated and working in collaboration.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, Multiple terminals in the terminal set share resources.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, The association relationships between multiple terminals in the terminal set include at least one of the following: Multiple terminals in the terminal set belong to the same user; Multiple terminals in the terminal set work together to complete a task; There are temporary associations between multiple terminals in the terminal set.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following: The identification information of the terminal set; The identification information of the user to whom the first terminal belongs; The identification information of the second terminal; First Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) information, wherein the first PLMN information is used to indicate a first PLMN that allows the first terminal to work in conjunction with the second terminal; First location information, the first location information is used to indicate a first location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; First time information, which indicates a first time period during which the first terminal and the second terminal are allowed to work together.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein, The first information is provided to the first terminal via one of the following: Provided or updated by the application server through the first network element; Provided or updated by the first network element.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, The first network element is a core network element, and the first network element is used to implement policy control.

17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein, The first information is determined based on at least one of the following: The PLMN where the first terminal is located; The contract information of the first terminal; The location of the first terminal; The second time period.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, The subscription information of the first terminal includes at least one of the following: The identification information of the terminal set; The identifier of the user to whom the first terminal belongs; The identification information of the second terminal; Second PLMN information, the second PLMN information is used to indicate a second PLMN that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; Second location information, the second location information is used to indicate a second location that allows the first terminal and the second terminal to work together; The second time information is used to indicate a third time period during which the first terminal and the second terminal are allowed to work together.

19. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 18, wherein, The first information is provided to the first terminal by the first network element when at least one of the following conditions is met: Register the first terminal; The first terminal requests the first information; The PLMN of the first terminal changes; The position of the first terminal has changed; Within the first time period; The contract information of the first terminal is updated.

20. A communication device, the communication device being configured to perform at least one of the following: The communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; The communication method as described in any one of claims 11 to 19.

21. A communication system comprising at least one of the following: A first terminal is configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; The first network element is used to implement the communication method as described in any one of claims 12 to 19.

22. A storage medium storing instructions, wherein, When the instruction is executed on the communication device, the communication device performs at least one of the following: The communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; The communication method as described in any one of claims 11 to 19.

23. A computer program product comprising instructions, wherein, when the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device performs at least one of the following: The communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; The communication method as described in any one of claims 11 to 19.

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