Wireless communication methods and communication devices

Abstract

This application provides a wireless communication method and a communication device. The method includes: a first device receiving a first message sent by a second device, the first message being used to trigger the first device, where a first variable is within a preset range, to initiate initial access, the first variable being used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

Description

Wireless communication method and communication device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a wireless communication method and communication device. Background Art

[0002] In some business scenarios, such as inventory management in Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems, a first device must initiate initial access to a second device before data can be transmitted. If all first devices in the system initiate initial access at roughly the same time, system congestion will occur.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a wireless communication method and a communication device. The following introduces various aspects involved in the present application.

[0005] In a first aspect, a wireless communication method is provided, including: a first device receives a first message sent by a second device, the first message is used to trigger the first device whose first variable is within a preset range to perform initial access, and the first variable is used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

[0006] In a second aspect, a wireless communication method is provided, including: a second device sends a first message to a first device, the first message being used to trigger the first device to perform initial access when a first variable is within a preset range, and the first variable being used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

[0007] According to a third aspect, a communication device is provided, which is a first device and includes: a receiving unit for receiving a first message sent by a second device, wherein the first message is used to trigger the first device whose first variable is within a preset range to perform initial access, and the first variable is used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, which is a second device and includes: a sending unit for sending a first message to a first device, wherein the first message is used to trigger the first device whose first variable is within a preset range to perform initial access, and the first variable is used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

[0009] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a processor, a memory, and a communication interface, wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer programs, and the processor is used to call the computer program in the memory so that the communication device executes some or all of the steps in the methods of the above aspects.

[0010] In a sixth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes the first device and / or the second device described above. In another possible design, the system may also include other devices that interact with the first device or the second device in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0011] In the seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program enables a communication device (for example, a first device or a second device) to perform some or all of the steps in the methods of the above aspects.

[0012] In an eighth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is operable to cause a communication device (e.g., a first device or a second device) to perform some or all of the steps of the methods described in each of the above aspects. In some implementations, the computer program product may be a software installation package.

[0013] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the processor can call and run a computer program from the memory to implement some or all of the steps described in the methods of the above aspects.

[0014] The present application sends a message for triggering initial access to the first device through the second device, so that the first device can initiate initial access when the second variable is within a preset range. In this way, a limited number of first devices in a group of first devices can perform initial access, preventing the first devices from rushing in and causing system congestion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] FIG1 is a wireless communication system 100 used in an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an IoT communication system used in an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 3 shows the topological network structures of four IoT communication systems.

[0018] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an RF receiver.

[0019] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intermediate frequency receiver.

[0020] FIG6 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of adjusting a first parameter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] FIG8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] FIG9 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 illustrates a wireless communication system 100 used in an embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication system 100 may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120. The network device 110 may be a device that communicates with the terminal device 120. The network device 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area and may communicate with the terminal device 120 within the coverage area.

[0027] FIG1 exemplarily shows a network device and two terminal devices. Optionally, the wireless communication system 100 may include multiple network devices and each network device may include another number of terminal devices within its coverage area, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Optionally, the wireless communication system 100 may further include other network entities such as a network controller and a mobility management entity, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] It should be understood that the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: fifth generation (5G) system or new radio (NR), long term evolution (LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD), etc. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as the sixth generation mobile communication system, satellite communication system, etc.

[0030] The terminal device in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device. The terminal device in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user and can be used to connect people, objects and machines, such as a handheld device with wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, etc. The terminal device in the embodiments of the present application can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a PDA, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, etc. Optionally, the UE can be used to act as a base station. For example, the UE can act as a scheduling entity that provides sidelink signals between UEs in V2X or D2D, etc. For example, a cellular phone and a car communicate with each other using sidelink signals. The cellular phone and smart home devices communicate without relaying the communication signal through the base station.

[0031] The network device in the embodiments of the present application may be a device for communicating with a terminal device, and may also be referred to as an access network device or a radio access network device. For example, the network device may be a base station. The network device in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects a terminal device to a wireless network. A base station can broadly cover various names as follows, or be replaced with the following names, such as: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, transmission point (TRP), transmission point (TP), master station MeNB, secondary station SeNB, multi-standard radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, a micro base station, a relay node, a donor node or the like, or a combination thereof. A base station can also refer to a communication module, modem or chip used to be set in the aforementioned device or apparatus. The base station can also be a mobile switching center and a device that performs base station functions in device-to-device D2D, vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, a network-side device in a 6G network, or a device that performs base station functions in future communication systems. The base station can support networks with the same or different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form used by the network equipment.

[0032] Base stations can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move based on the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a device that communicates with another base station.

[0033] In some deployments, the network device in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a CU or a DU, or the network device may include a CU and a DU. The gNB may also include an AAU.

[0034] The network equipment and terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on the water; they can also be deployed in the air on aircraft, balloons, or satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the scenarios in which the network equipment and terminal devices are located.

[0035] It should be understood that all or part of the functions of the communication device in this application can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (such as a cloud platform).

[0036] Internet of Things (IoT) technology

[0037] The rise of IoT technology has posed new challenges to communication systems. IoT terminal devices can be used in a variety of scenarios, including logistics, warehousing, factory automation, and animal husbandry. IoT terminal devices and network equipment can perform intermittent, simple communications or perform rough location tracking. Even the simplest IoT terminal devices, such as NB-IoT devices used for coal and electricity metering, require batteries for power. However, despite their low energy consumption, the batteries within these devices only last for a few years before eventually becoming depleted. Therefore, batteries in IoT terminal devices require regular replacement, which is labor-intensive. Furthermore, some industrial scenarios are dangerous and unsuitable for manual operation. Consequently, battery-free IoT terminal devices have emerged.

[0038] Battery-free IoT terminal devices are numerous and inexpensive, and generally require no manual maintenance after installation. Radio frequency identification (RFID) terminal devices can, to some extent, meet people's demand for battery-free IoT terminal devices. However, the operation of RFID systems still requires human participation. For example, some RFID systems require manual handheld readers. Moreover, the wireless coverage range of a single RFID reader is limited (within 10 meters), so RFID systems deployed over a large area require more manual participation. For example, using an RFID system to take inventory of goods in a large supermarket requires a lot of manpower, material resources, and time.

[0039] IoT Communication System

[0040] Transplanting systems like RFID into cellular networks can effectively address the issue of limited coverage. This is because cellular networks (such as fourth-generation (4G) and 5G) systems have achieved nationwide coverage, or at least coverage of major cities, in some countries and regions (e.g., China, Europe, and the United States). This broader network coverage eliminates the need for human intervention in the communication and positioning process between IoT devices and network equipment. Therefore, IoT devices can operate uninterrupted and efficiently. Furthermore, IoT devices can even operate efficiently in environments unsuitable for human intervention (e.g., wilderness, mines, and factories). Therefore, when using IoT devices, aside from the initial need to associate the IoT device with a specific object, subsequent data reading, writing, and operations can be performed through apps such as those on smartphones, making them extremely convenient and efficient. Such communication systems can be referred to as IoT communication systems (or A-IoT communication systems) or zero-power communication systems.

[0041] As shown in Figure 2, the IoT communication system may include a network device 210 and a terminal device 220. The terminal device 220 may also be a zero-power terminal device. The network device 210 may be called a reader, and the terminal device 220 may be called a tag. The IoT communication system adopts energy harvesting and backscatter communication technology. The network device 210 can send wireless power supply signals, downlink communication signals to the terminal device 220, and receive backscatter signals from the terminal device 220. A basic terminal device 220 may include an energy harvesting module 221, a backscatter communication module 222, and a low-power computing module 223. In addition, the terminal device 220 may also include a memory module (not shown in the figure) for storing some basic information (such as item identification, etc.). Alternatively, the terminal device 220 may also include a sensor module 224 for obtaining sensor data such as ambient temperature and ambient humidity.

[0042] Use cases for IoT communication systems can fall into four broad categories: inventory, sensors, tracking, and commands. Inventory refers to checking for missing or missing goods as they enter and leave the warehouse. Common sensors include temperature, pressure, and humidity. Sensors can be used in industrial and agricultural applications, as well as in smart cities. The information collected by these sensors can be uploaded to a third-party application (app) through the IoT system for monitoring and management. Tracking generally refers to obtaining the approximate location of an object at irregular intervals. For example, users can use their smartphones to track the location of their parcels in real time. Commands, on the other hand, involve operating certain servos through the IoT system. These servos can be connected to IoT end devices. For example, while working or relaxing in the office, people can water their backyard plants using a mobile app. The watering servo can be connected to an IoT end device.

[0043] The network structure of the IoT communication system can be shown in Figure 3, which includes four topological network structures. In Figure 3 (a), the IoT terminal device can directly communicate with the base station for uplink and downlink. In Figure 3 (b), the IoT terminal device can communicate with the base station for uplink and downlink through the intermediate node. The IoT terminal device can communicate bidirectionally with the intermediate node, and the intermediate node can communicate with the base station for Uu. In Figure 3 (c), the IoT terminal device can communicate with the base station for uplink, and the base station can communicate with the IoT device for downlink through the auxiliary node. In Figure 3 (d), the IoT terminal device can communicate with other terminal devices for uplink and downlink.

[0044] IoT terminal devices derive their energy from the surrounding environment, such as radio frequency (RF) waves, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical vibration, and wind energy. IoT terminal devices can be divided into three types: Type A, Type B, and Type C. Type A and Type B terminal devices can only communicate by reflecting and modulating received radio waves, a communication method known as backscattering. In other words, Type A and Type B terminal devices cannot actively transmit radio signals, and their power ranges from 1 to 10 microwatts (μW). Type A terminal devices have the lowest transmit power and the least hardware complexity, generally approaching the level of RFID terminal devices. Type B terminal devices have slightly more complex hardware and may include signal amplifiers and certain energy storage devices. Therefore, the communication distance between Type B terminal devices and network devices is longer than that between Type A terminal devices and network devices. Type C terminal devices have the ability to actively transmit radio waves, with a transmit power of approximately 1 to 10 milliwatts (mW), and can store a certain amount of energy. All three types of terminal devices can harvest energy from the environment and can operate continuously for several years or even more than 10 years. In addition, to save energy, Type A and Type B terminal devices are essentially dormant until a network device triggers a communication process with them. They only begin to work after being activated by a wireless signal from a network device.

[0045] Receivers in IoT terminal devices can be divided into two major types: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 receivers are wideband receivers, also known as RF receivers. RF receivers use RF bandpass filters to obtain signals within the intended bandwidth, then perform envelope detection and subsequent baseband processing. RF receivers have the simplest structure, with power consumption as low as a few μW or even lower. However, due to the poor precision of RF bandpass filters, even when the target signal occupies a narrow bandwidth, the RF receiver will often receive signals within a wider bandwidth. As a result, the RF receiver's reception process introduces significant noise and interference, resulting in poor reception performance, or in other words, poor reception sensitivity. The typical RF receiver reception process is shown in Figure 4.

[0046] Type 2 receivers are narrowband receivers, which can be, for example, intermediate frequency (IF) receivers or zero-IF receivers. During signal reception, a narrowband receiver not only uses an RF bandpass filter to obtain signals within the bandwidth to be received, but also down-converts the RF signal and further filters the baseband signal using a low-pass filter to eliminate noise and interference. Therefore, narrowband receivers have a narrow reception bandwidth, good reception performance, and high reception sensitivity. However, narrowband receivers require a local oscillator (LO). LOs consume a lot of power; even the recommended LO consumes 100 μW or more. Therefore, narrowband receivers have relatively high power consumption, but because their absolute power consumption is very low, they are still suitable for use in zero-power devices. The reception process of a typical IF receiver can be shown in Figure 5.

[0047] The above-mentioned type A terminal device usually adopts a broadband receiver, the type C terminal device usually adopts a narrowband receiver, and the type B terminal device may adopt one or both types of receivers.

[0048] In addition, in IoT communication systems, the tag density requirements for indoor and outdoor are 150 / 100m respectively. 2 and 0.20 / 100m 2 The indoor network coverage range is 10-50m, and the outdoor network coverage range is 50-500m. Based on this, within the coverage range of a cell (based on classic sector accounting), the minimum and maximum numbers of indoor and outdoor tags can be shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1

[0050] Inventory business

[0051] A common service type in IoT communication systems is inventory services, in which the reader needs to allow all qualified tags within the coverage area to report the information stored in their respective memories, such as the tag's electronic product code (EPC). Usually, the reader can send an inventory request to the tag, allowing the tag to trigger the initial access process and thus report the information. However, if all qualified tags respond to the reader's inventory request at the same time, the system will not work. This is because for narrowband systems such as IoT, the wireless resources in domains such as time and frequency are very small compared to the number of tags within the coverage area, so it is necessary to control only some tags to trigger the initial access process. However, for IoT systems, there is currently no relevant solution that can only allow some tags to trigger the initial access process.

[0052] RFID systems face similar challenges. The following describes the execution process of an RFID system's inventory function. When triggering an inventory function, a reader can first send a select command to a tag. Using this select command, the reader selects a subset of tags that meet the requirements and adds an inventory flag. The inventory flag can have a value of A or B. Furthermore, the reader can divide tags into four groups, and the inventory flag of each group can be independently controlled. In the subsequent query message, the reader can indicate which group's tags are being inventoried and whether the inventory flag value of the tag being inventoried is A or B. The same query message can also carry a parameter, Q. After receiving the query message, each tag that meets the requirements generates a random number in the range [0, 2^Q - 1]. Only tags whose random number equals 0 initiate the initial access process. Other tags can assign this random number to an internal counter and decrement the counter by 1 each time they receive a query message requesting inventory of tags in the same group. When the counter reaches 0, the corresponding tag initiates the initial access process.

[0053] As an example, the content of the query command may be as shown in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2

[0055] The above method cannot be effectively applied in IoT systems. The main reason is that the range of readers in IoT systems (e.g., 10 meters) is much larger than that of readers in RFID systems (e.g., 500 meters). Therefore, even with comparable tag density, a single reader in an IoT system can service approximately 2,500 times the number of tags as an RFID system. For these reasons, IoT systems cannot perform serial processing like RFID systems, but rather require parallel processing. This means that both the initial access process and the subsequent scheduling process require multiple access technologies to achieve parallel processing. The initial access process requires more than one tag. Furthermore, unlike Type A and Type B tags, Type C tags can generate non-integer random numbers. However, RFID systems are not designed to accommodate this capability for Type C tags. Type A tags have similar hardware capabilities to those used in RFID systems.

[0056] In 3GPP's broadband system, the basic idea of ​​congestion control is that each terminal device's subscriber identity module (SIM) card has an access identity. Except for some special access identities, most access identities generate a random number rand when the terminal device initiates a calling service. The range of this random number is [0,1). If rand is less than a threshold uac-BarringFactor configured through a system message, the terminal device can initiate the initial access process. Otherwise, it needs to wait for a certain period of time before trying again. The waiting time of the terminal device is directly related to the random number rand, and the calculation formula is: "Tbarring" = (0.7 + 0.6 * rand) * uac-BarringTime

[0057] Tbarring is the waiting time, and uac-BarringTime is a parameter configured through system messages.

[0058] The above method has the following three characteristics: 1. The random number generated by the terminal device is a decimal random number between 0 and 1. 2. The random number and the parameter uac-BarringTime are used to evenly distribute the time interval between retry attempts. The minimum retry interval is 0.7 * uac-BarringTime. 3. A decimal random number between 0 and 1 is generated for each retry attempt.

[0059] The above approach is relatively complex for tags with extremely simplified hardware. Generating decimal random numbers is a more complex process than generating integer random numbers. In other words, generating decimal random numbers is relatively expensive. This is particularly costly for Type A and Type B devices. Type C devices may support this operation, but they will need to regenerate a decimal random number for each call attempt, which is also quite expensive. Furthermore, regarding service types, broadband system access control primarily applies to outgoing calls, meaning that initial access is triggered only when the terminal device actively initiates a call. However, in IoT systems, devices other than Type C devices do not support proactive outgoing calls. They cannot actively send messages and require a message from the network device to trigger the call. Therefore, the initial access scheme used in broadband systems is not applicable to IoT systems.

[0060] As can be seen from the above description, there is currently no initial access solution that is suitable for devices in the IoT system.

[0061] Based on this, the present application sends a message for triggering initial access to the first device through the second device, so that the first device can initiate initial access when the second variable is within a preset range. In this way, a limited number of first devices in a group of first devices can perform initial access, preventing the first devices from rushing in and causing system congestion.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present application, the first device may be a terminal device. For example, the first device may be a tag. The second device may be a terminal device and / or a network device. For example, the second device may be a reader.

[0063] The solution of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an IoT communication system. For example, the first device and the second device can be devices in the IoT communication system.

[0064] The solution of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to any of the business scenarios described above. For example, the solution of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to one or more of the following business scenarios: inventory, sensor, tracking, and command.

[0065] The solution of the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to FIG6 .

[0066] Referring to Figure 6, in step S610, the second device sends a first message to the first device. The first message can be used to trigger the first device to perform initial access. In some embodiments, the first message can be any message communicated between a tag and a reader. For example, the first message can be a query message. In another example, the first message can be a select message.

[0067] The solution of the embodiment of the present application is that the second device actively sends a message to trigger the first device to initiate initial access, thereby reducing the performance requirements for the first device. It can be applicable to any type of device, such as the type A device and type B device that cannot actively send signals mentioned above, and can also be applicable to the type C device that can actively send signals.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first message can be used to trigger the first device whose first variable is within a preset range to perform initial access. The first device may include the first variable. The first variable can be used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access. After receiving the first message, the first device can determine whether to perform initial access based on the value of the first variable. If the value of the first variable is within the preset range, the first device initiates initial access; if the value of the first variable is not within the preset range, the first device does not initiate initial access. If the value of the first variable is not within the preset range, the first device can continue to listen for the first message sent by the second device. The preset range can be used to limit the number of devices that initiate initial access to prevent too many devices from performing initial access together, causing system congestion.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first variable can be a counter (RN-COUNTER) or a percentage variable (rp). If the random number described below is an integer, the first variable can be a counter; if the random number described below is a non-integer, the first variable can be a percentage variable. The solution using integer random numbers can be applied to any type of device and is universal. For type C devices, which can generate decimal random numbers, the solution using non-integer random numbers can be applied to type C devices.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first variable may be maintained by the first device itself. The first device may adjust the value of the first variable based on different scenarios. This will be described in detail below.

[0071] In some embodiments, the second device may send multiple first messages to the first device, and the first device may determine how to update the first variable based on whether the first message is the first received message. It should be noted that updating the first variable in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as updating the value of the first variable.

[0072] For example, if the first message is the first message received by the first device, the first device may generate a first random number and update the value of the first variable to the first random number. In other words, if the first message is the first message received by the first device, the first device may assign the value of the first random number to the first variable.

[0073] The first random number may be an integer or a non-integer (i.e., a decimal). If the first random number is a non-integer, it may be a non-integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1. For example, if the first random number is a non-integer, the first device may generate the first random number within the range [0, 1). In this case, the maximum and / or minimum value of the first random number may be a default value.

[0074] If the first random number is an integer, the range of the first random number may be determined based on a third parameter. The third parameter may be a predefined parameter, or the third parameter may be a parameter sent by the second device to the first device. In some embodiments, the third parameter may be included in the first message. In some embodiments, the first device may determine the maximum and / or minimum value of the first random number based on the third parameter.

[0075] In some embodiments, the maximum value of the first random number is determined based on the third parameter, and the minimum value of the first random number is a preset value, which may be 0, for example.

[0076] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the first random number is determined based on a third parameter, and the maximum value of the first random number is a preset value.

[0077] In some embodiments, the maximum value and the minimum value of the first random number are both determined based on a third parameter.

[0078] In some implementations, the maximum and / or minimum value of the first random number is determined based on an exponential power of a third parameter. For example, the maximum and / or minimum value of the first random number can be determined based on an exponential power of 2 of the third parameter. Obtaining the maximum and / or minimum value of the first random number through exponential operations can significantly reduce the number of bits required to transmit the third parameter, thereby lowering communication overhead.

[0079] Taking the maximum value of the first random number determined based on the third parameter as an example, assuming that the third parameter is represented by Q, the range of the first random number may be [0, 2^Q-1]. The first device may generate the first random number within [0, 2^Q-1].

[0080] There are various ways to determine whether a first message is the first message received by the first device. In some embodiments, if the first device satisfies a first condition, the first message is the first message received by the first device. The first condition includes one or more of the following: the value of the first variable is an initial value; or a state machine in the first device is in an initial state.

[0081] For example, the first variable may have an initial value that is outside the range of the first random number, or may be within the range of the first random number with a very low probability. If the value of the first variable is the initial value, the first device may determine that the first message is the first received message. The initial value of the first variable indicates that the first variable has been reset. For example, if the protocol specifies that the maximum value of the third parameter is MQ, the initial value of the first variable may be 2^MQ–1.

[0082] For another example, the first device may have a state machine internally. If the state machine is in an initial state, the first device may determine that the first message is received for the first time. For another example, the first device may determine that the first message is received for the first time when the value of the first variable is an initial value and the state machine is in the initial state.

[0083] In some embodiments, after the first device receives the first message for the first time, the first device may update the value of the first parameter and / or change the state of the state machine. For example, the first device may update the value of the first parameter from an initial value to another value. For another example, the first device may change the state of the state machine from an initial state to another state.

[0084] In some embodiments, if the first message is not the first message received by the first device, the first device may update the first variable using the first parameter. In some embodiments, if the first message is not the first message received by the first device and the first variable is not within a preset range, the first device may update the first variable using the first parameter. In some embodiments, if the value of the first parameter is not an initial value and / or the state machine of the first device is not in an initial state, the first device may determine that the first message is not the first message received.

[0085] In some embodiments, the first device may not need to determine whether the first message is the first time it is received. After receiving the first message, the first device may directly update the first variable based on the value of the first variable and / or the state of the state machine in the first device. For example, if the value of the first variable is an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is in an initial state, the first device generates a first random number. The first device may update the current value of the first variable to the first random number. For another example, if the value of the first variable is not the initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is not in the initial state, the first device may update the first variable using the first parameter.

[0086] It should be noted that the current value of the first variable can be understood as the value of the first variable before this update.

[0087] The first parameter may be a predefined parameter, or the first parameter may be a parameter sent by the second device to the first device. In some embodiments, the first parameter may be carried in the first message. For example, the second device may send a first message to the first device, and the first message includes the first parameter.

[0088] There are various ways for the first device to update the first variable using the first parameter, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the first device may perform some operations on the current value of the first variable and the first parameter to obtain the updated first variable. The operations may be any one or more mathematical operations. For example, the operations may include one or more of the following: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc.

[0089] Taking subtraction as an example, the updated value of the first variable can be determined based on the difference between the current value of the first variable and the first parameter. For example, the updated value of the first variable can be equal to the difference between the current value of the first variable and the first parameter. For example, assuming that the first variable is represented by rp, the first parameter is represented by w, and the updated first variable is represented by rp', then rp' = |rp-w|. Here, rp is greater than or equal to w. Updating the first variable through subtraction has lower performance requirements for the first device and is applicable to various types of first devices. The subtraction operation can also control the number of first devices performing initial access at each time, preventing too many first devices from performing initial access at the same time and causing system congestion. Secondly, since the first parameter w is used to determine the preset range, the above operation can enable devices to initiate initial access in a queue manner, facilitating device management. In addition, when the third parameter remains essentially unchanged, the ratio of the number of first devices attempting initial access to the total number of devices changes according to the same rule as the first parameter.

[0090] Since the solution of the embodiment of the present application does not need to generate a random number each time a first message is received, the performance requirements for the device can be reduced and the cost of initial access can be reduced.

[0091] In some embodiments, the preset range may be determined based on a first parameter. The value of the first parameter may be a predefined parameter, or the first parameter may be a parameter sent by the second device to the first device. In some embodiments, the first parameter may be included in the first message. In some embodiments, the first parameter may be used to determine the maximum and / or minimum value of the preset range. Of course, in some embodiments, the preset range may also be a default range.

[0092] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the preset range can be a preset value, and the maximum value of the preset range can be determined based on the first parameter. The preset value can be, for example, 0, that is, the minimum value of the preset range can be 0. In some embodiments, the maximum value of the preset range can be the value of the first parameter, that is, the second device can directly indicate the maximum value of the preset range to the first device. This indication method is relatively simple, has low requirements on the computing power of the first device, and can be applied to various types of first devices. In other implementations, the maximum value of the preset range can also be obtained by a certain operation on the first parameter, that is, the second device can send the first parameter to the first device, and the first device calculates the maximum value of the preset range based on the first parameter.

[0093] For example, taking the case where the first parameter directly indicates the maximum value of the preset range, the preset range may be [0, w), where w represents the first parameter.

[0094] In other embodiments, the maximum value of the preset range may be a preset value, and the minimum value of the preset range may be determined based on the first parameter. The preset value may be, for example, the maximum value of the first random number, that is, the maximum value of the preset range is the maximum value of the first random number. In some embodiments, the minimum value of the preset range may be the value of the first parameter, that is, the second device may directly indicate the minimum value of the preset range to the first device. This indication method is relatively simple, has low requirements on the computing power of the first device, and can be applied to various types of first devices. In other implementations, the minimum value of the preset range may also be obtained by a certain operation on the first parameter, that is, the second device may send the first parameter to the first device, and the first device may calculate the minimum value of the preset range based on the first parameter.

[0095] For example, taking the case where the first parameter directly indicates the minimum value of the preset range, the preset range may be [w, m), where w represents the first parameter and m represents the maximum value of the first random number.

[0096] In some further embodiments, the maximum value and the minimum value of the preset range are both determined based on the first parameter. In some possible implementations, the value of the first parameter may include the minimum value and the maximum value of the preset range, that is, the second device may directly indicate the minimum value and the maximum value of the preset range to the first device. This indication method is relatively simple, has low requirements on the computing power of the first device, and can be applied to various types of first devices. In some other possible implementations, the minimum value and the maximum value of the preset range may also be obtained by a certain operation on the first parameter, that is, the second device may send the first parameter to the first device, and the first device may calculate the minimum value and the maximum value of the preset range based on the first parameter.

[0097] After the first device initiates initial access, the initial access may succeed or fail. Initial access success can also be called initial access completion. The following describes these two scenarios separately.

[0098] If the first device successfully completes the initial access, the first device may set the value of the first variable to the initial value, i.e., reset the first variable, and / or set the state machine to the initial state. In addition, the first device may stop monitoring the first message until the entire call process ends.

[0099] If the first device fails in initial access, the first device may readjust the value of the first variable and re-listen for the first message to regain the opportunity to perform initial access. There are many ways for the first device to update the first variable, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the first device may update the current value of the first variable to a value close to the boundary value of the first random number, which may include a maximum value and / or a minimum value. For another example, the first device may regenerate a second random number and update the current value of the first variable to the second random number. This is described in detail below.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first device may update the current value of the first variable to a value close to the maximum value of the first random number. For example, the updated value of the first variable may be determined based on the difference between the maximum value of the first random number and the current value of the first variable. For example, if the first random number is an integer, the updated first variable = 2^Q-1-RN-COUNTER, where 2^Q-1 is the maximum value of the first random number and RN-COUNTER is the current value of the first variable. For example, if the first random number is a decimal, the updated first variable = 1-rn, where rn is the current value of the first variable.

[0101] In some embodiments, if the first device fails in initial access, the first device may generate a second random number and update the current value of the first variable to the second random number.

[0102] The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the range of the second random number. In some embodiments, the range of the second random number is the same as the range of the first random number. In other embodiments, the range of the second random number is different from the range of the first random number. For example, the range of the second random number is smaller than the range of the first random number, such as the range of the second random number is within the range of the first random number.

[0103] In some embodiments, the range of the second random number can be determined based on a second parameter. The second parameter can be a predefined parameter, or the second parameter can be a parameter sent by the second device to the first device. For example, the second device can send the second parameter to the first device, and the first device can determine the range of the second random number based on the second parameter, and the first device can generate the second random number within the range. In some implementations, the second parameter is carried in the first message and / or in a message during the initial access process. For example, the first device can obtain the second parameter during the initial access process.

[0104] In some implementations, the second device can determine the range of the second random number based on the number of devices that have completed initial access, and send the corresponding second parameter to the first device, so that the first device can complete the initial access as soon as possible, while also avoiding affecting the initial access of other devices.

[0105] In some embodiments, the maximum and / or minimum value of the second random number can be determined based on the second parameter. In some possible implementations, the second parameter can include the maximum and / or minimum value of the second random number. This approach is relatively simple, requires less computing power from the first device, and can be applied to various types of first devices. In some possible implementations, the maximum and / or minimum value of the second random number can be obtained by performing certain operations on the second parameter. For example, the maximum and / or minimum value of the second random number can be determined based on an exponential power of the second parameter. The exponential power can be an exponential power of 2. This approach helps reduce the number of bits required to transmit the first parameter, thereby reducing communication overhead.

[0106] As can be seen from the above description, the random number generated by the first device can be an integer or a non-integer. The range of the second random number is described below for these two situations.

[0107] In some embodiments, if the second random number is an integer, the maximum and / or minimum value of the second random number can be determined based on the exponential power of the second parameter. Obtaining the maximum and / or minimum value of the second random number through exponential operation can significantly reduce the number of bits required to transmit the second parameter, thereby reducing communication overhead.

[0108] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the second random number is determined based on the second parameter, and the maximum value of the second random number is determined based on the maximum value of the first random number. For example, the maximum value of the second random number is the maximum value of the first random number.

[0109] In some other embodiments, the maximum value of the second random number is determined based on the second parameter, and the minimum value of the second random number is a preset value, which may be 0, for example.

[0110] In other embodiments, the maximum value and the minimum value of the second random number are both determined based on the second parameter.

[0111] In some possible implementations, the maximum and / or minimum value of the second random number may be determined based on the exponential power of 2 of the second parameter. Assuming the second parameter is represented by n, the maximum and / or minimum value of the second random number may be determined based on 2^n. For example, the maximum and / or minimum value of the second random number may be 2^n-1. This is illustrated below with an example.

[0112] For example, if the second parameter includes S, and S<Q, the range of the second random number may be [2^S-1, 2^Q-1], where Q is the third parameter and 2^Q-1 is the maximum value of the first random number. The first device may generate the second random number within [2^S-1, 2^Q-1].

[0113] For another example, if the second parameter includes T, and T < Q, the range of the second random number may include [0, 2^T-1] or [W, 2^T-1], where W is the maximum value of the preset range. The first device may generate the second random number within [0, 2^T-1], or the first device may generate the second random number within [W, 2^T-1].

[0114] For another example, if the second parameter includes S and T, the range of the second random number may be [2^S-1, 2^T-1]. The first device may generate the second random number within [2^S-1, 2^T-1].

[0115] In some embodiments, if the second random number is a non-integer, such as a non-integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1, the value of the second parameter may include the maximum value and / or minimum value of the second random number. For example, the second device may directly indicate the maximum value and / or minimum value of the second random number to the first device.

[0116] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the second random number is determined based on the second parameter, and the maximum value of the second random number is determined based on the maximum value of the first random number. For example, if the second parameter includes s, where s<1, then the range of the second random number is [s, 1), and the first device can generate the second random number within [s, 1).

[0117] In some embodiments, the maximum value of the second random number is determined based on the second parameter, and the minimum value of the second random number is determined based on the minimum value of the first random number. For example, the minimum value of the second random number can be 0. For example, if the second parameter includes t, and t<1, then the range of the second random number can include [0, t) or [w, t), where w is the maximum value of the preset range. The first device can generate the second random number within [0, t), or the first device can generate the second random number within [w, t).

[0118] In some embodiments, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the second random number are both determined based on the second parameter. For example, if the second parameter includes s and t, the range of the second random number may be [s, t]. The first device may generate the second random number within [s, t].

[0119] In some embodiments, the value of the first parameter may be variable. Since the first parameter is used to determine the preset range, by adjusting the value of the first parameter, the number of devices initiating initial access can be adjusted so that the number of devices initiating initial access reaches a suitable value. In particular, when the number of devices within the coverage area is unknown, the appropriate first parameter and third parameter can be obtained by trial and error so that the number of devices initiating initial access reaches a suitable value. Therefore, the first parameter sent by the second device to the first device may be variable, and the window value corresponding to the first parameter has a trial process. After a relatively optimal solution is found, the first parameter basically does not need to be changed. Among them, the length of the third parameter is controlled by the network and mainly depends on the application scenario. Usually, the third parameter does not need to be adjusted.

[0120] In some possible implementations, the value of the first parameter changes according to a first rule, and the first rule includes: first changing according to a first granularity, and then changing according to a second granularity. The first granularity is greater than the second granularity. In some embodiments, the first parameter can be adjusted by a second device. The second device can first adjust the first parameter according to the first granularity, and after the first parameter obtains a suitable value, adjust the first parameter according to the second granularity. The first granularity can be called coarse granularity, and the second granularity can be called fine granularity. By first making a coarse-grained adjustment to the first parameter and then making a fine-grained adjustment to the first parameter, a suitable first parameter can be quickly obtained, and the adjustment process is more efficient.

[0121] The first granularity can be fixed or variable. In some embodiments, the first granularity can gradually increase or decrease. The first granularity can vary exponentially. By adjusting the first parameter according to the exponential variation of the first granularity, the first parameter can be quickly adjusted to a suitable value. This will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0122] The second granularity can be fixed or variable. In some embodiments, the second granularity can gradually increase or decrease. The second granularity can vary linearly. By fine-grainedly adjusting the first parameter according to the linearly varying second granularity, the first parameter can be quickly adjusted to an appropriate value.

[0123] The following describes the adjustment process of the first parameter by taking the first parameter indicating the maximum value of the preset range as an example in conjunction with Table 3 and Figure 7. Tables 3 and 4 illustrate the adjustment process of the first parameter by taking the first parameter indicating the maximum value of the random number as an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0124] Table 3 and Table 4 show some possible values ​​of the first parameter. The random number corresponding to Table 3 is an integer, and the random number corresponding to Table 4 is a non-integer, such as a decimal in [0,1). Taking Table 3 as an example, the maximum value of the preset range can be a value between 18 and 4096. The values ​​in Table 3 are only an example, and the maximum value of the preset range can also be other values. It should be noted that the maximum value of the first random number can be a value greater than 4096. Table 4 can be obtained by deforming Table 3. Assuming that the maximum value of the first random number is 2^16, all the values ​​in Table 3 can be divided by 2^16 to obtain Table 4.

[0125] FIG7 is an adjustment curve generated based on Table 3. The eight rows of data in Table 3 are used to generate the eight curves in FIG7 .

[0126] The adjustment process of the horizontal coordinate is a coarse-grained adjustment, and the adjustment process of the vertical coordinate is a fine-grained adjustment. In other words, the granularity of the change of the horizontal coordinate value is greater than the granularity of the change of the vertical coordinate value.

[0127] Referring to Table 3, the difference between two consecutive data in the first column of Table 3 is 2, the difference between two consecutive data in the second column is 4, the difference between two consecutive data in the third column is 6, and so on. In other words, the second granularity also changes, and the second granularity can change in a linear form.

[0128] Continuing to refer to Table 3, taking the first row in Table 3 as an example, the difference between the second data (36) and the first data (18) is 18, the difference between the third data (72) and the second data (36) is 36, the difference between the fourth data (144) and the third data (72) is 72, and so on. In other words, the first granularity can be variable, and the first granularity can change in an exponential form, such as an exponential form of 2.

[0129] When adjusting the first parameter (or the maximum value of the first random number), you can first adjust it at a coarse granularity and then at a fine granularity. Corresponding to Table 3, this can be understood as first selecting a suitable column from Table 3, and then selecting the final value from that column of data. Corresponding to Figure 7, this can be understood as first selecting a suitable value from a certain curve, then fixing the horizontal coordinate of that value (i.e., first selecting the horizontal coordinate, and then changing it according to the exponential power of 2), and then selecting a suitable vertical coordinate value from the eight curves (the vertical coordinate changes linearly).

[0130] For example, let's start selecting (or trying) from the first row of Table 3, that is, selecting from 18, 36, 72, 144, 288, 576, 1152, and 2304. Assuming that the final selected suitable value is 144, the final value can be further selected from the values ​​in the fourth column. For example, the maximum value of the preset range finally selected is 208.

[0131] The method for determining the maximum value of the first random number based on Table 4 is similar to the method for determining the maximum value of the first random number based on Table 3. For example, the encoding method of the first parameter corresponding to Table 4 can be the same as the encoding method of the first parameter corresponding to Table 3. For the sake of brevity, it is not further described here.

[0132] Table 3

[0133] Table 4

[0134] As can be seen from the foregoing description, the first parameter can be used to determine the preset range. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the method for determining the preset range based on the first parameter. In some possible implementations, the first parameter can include the maximum value and / or minimum value of the preset range. For example, the second device can directly indicate the maximum value and / or minimum value of the preset range to the first device.

[0135] In other possible implementations, the first parameter may be an index parameter in a preset table, which can be used to determine the preset range from the preset table. For example, the second device may send the first parameter to the first device, and the first device may search the preset table based on the first parameter and determine the maximum and / or minimum values ​​of the preset range from the preset table. The preset table may be Table 3 or Table 4 described above. Determining the first parameter using the preset table can reduce the bit length occupied by the first parameter in signaling, thereby reducing communication overhead.

[0136] In some embodiments, the index parameter may include an index of a row number and / or an index of a column number. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the order of the index of the row number and the index of the column number. For example, the index parameter may be an index of the row number + an index of the column number, or the index parameter may be an index of the column number + an index of the row number. Taking the value of the first parameter as 208 in Table 3 as an example, if the indication is performed in the manner of row first and column later, and the row number and column number occupy 3 bits respectively, the first parameter may be 101100, that is, the value of the first parameter is the value of the 101st (5th) row and the 100th (4th) column. Of course, the order of the row number and the column number may also be interchanged. If the row number and the column number are interchanged, the value of the first parameter is 100101.

[0137] In some embodiments, if the horizontal and vertical axes in the table are not exponents of 2, such as 9, the first parameter may also be encoded using linear encoding. The specific encoding method may be row-first, column-second, or column-first, row-second. Taking 208 in Table 3 as an example, if encoding is performed using row-first, column-second, the value of the first parameter is 28 (encoding starts at 0).

[0138] For ease of understanding, the following two embodiments are used to describe the solution of the present application in detail. It should be noted that the following embodiment is only an example, and the solution of the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0139] Example 1

[0140] In Example 1, the random number generated by the first device is an integer as an example to illustrate the solution of the embodiment of the present application. The first random number and the second random number hereinafter are both integers.

[0141] The first device has an internal counter, RN-COUNTER, which has an initial value that indicates that the counter has been reset. This initial value can be outside the range of random numbers generated by the first device, or it can be within the range of random numbers generated by the first device with a very small probability. For example, if the maximum value of Q specified in the protocol is MQ, the initial value can be 2^MQ–1.

[0142] The second device sends a first message, such as a query message, to the first device. The first message includes parameters Q and W. Parameter Q is used to determine the range of the first random number, and parameter W is used to determine a preset range. For example, parameter W is used to determine the maximum value of the preset range, such as the preset range [0, W).

[0143] After the first device receives the first message, different processing methods may be used depending on the value of the counter.

[0144] If the value of the counter is the initial value, the first device may generate a first random number RN. The range of RN is determined based on the exponential power of the parameter Q. For example, the range of RN may be [0, 2^Q-1]. In other words, the first device may generate the first random number RN within [0, 2^Q-1]. After generating RN, the first device may assign RN to the counter.

[0145] If the counter already has a valid count, such as the counter value is not the initial value, and RN-COUNTER>w, the first device may update the counter value, where the updated counter value = RN-COUNTER-w.

[0146] If the value of the counter RN-COUNTER is greater than or equal to 0 and less than W, the first device may initiate an initial access. If the value of the counter RN-COUNTER is greater than or equal to W, the first device continues to listen for the first message sent by the second device.

[0147] When the first device initiates an initial access, there are two cases: successful initial access and failed initial access. These are described separately below.

[0148] If the first device fails in the initial access, the first device may re-adjust the value of the counter and re-listen for the first message sent by the second device. The parameters in the solutions described below are based on the most recently received parameters.

[0149] In some embodiments, the first device may adjust the value of the counter to a value near 2^Q - 1. For example, the adjusted value of the counter = 2^Q - 1 - RN-COUNTER.

[0150] In some embodiments, the first device may generate a second random number and assign the second random number to the counter. The generation range of the second random number may be determined based on a second parameter. The second parameter may be one or more of the parameters S, T, Q, W described below. The parameter S and / or the parameter T may be obtained by the first device during the initial access process. For example, during the initial access process, the second device may send the parameter S and / or the parameter T to the first device. The following describes different cases.

[0151] In some possible implementation manners, if the first device obtains the parameter S during the initial access process and S < Q, the range of the second random number may be [2^S - 1, 2^Q - 1]. The first device may generate the second random number within [2^S - 1, 2^Q - 1].

[0152] In some possible implementation manners, if the first device obtains the parameter T during the initial access process and T < Q, the range of the second random number may be [0, 2^T - 1] or [W, 2^T - 1]. The first device may generate the second random number within [0, 2^T - 1] or [W, 2^T - 1].

[0153] In some possible implementation manners, if the first device obtains the parameter S and the parameter T during the initial access process and S < T < Q, the range of the second random number may be [2^S - 1, 2^T - 1]. The first device may generate the second random number within [2^S - 1, 2^T - 1].

[0154] If the first device succeeds in the initial access, the first device may set the value of the counter to the initial value and no longer listen for the first message until the end of the entire call process.

[0155] Example 2

[0156] Example 2 takes the random number generated by the first device as a non-integer as an example to illustrate the solution of the embodiment of the present application. The first random number and the second random number hereinafter are both decimals.

[0157] The first device has a percentage variable (rp) internally, and the initial value of the variable is 1. The first random number generated by the first device is in the range [0, 1). The percentage variable is hereinafter referred to as the internal variable.

[0158] The second device sends a first message, such as a query message, to the first device. The first message includes a parameter w. The parameter w can be used to determine a preset range. For example, the parameter w is used to determine a maximum value within the preset range, such as the preset range may be [0, w).

[0159] After the first device receives the first message, it may process the message in different ways depending on the value of the internal variable.

[0160] If the value of the internal variable is 1, the first device may generate a first random number rn. The range of rn is [0, 1). The first device may generate the first random number rn within [0, 1). After generating rn, the first device may assign rn to the internal variable.

[0161] If the value of the internal variable is within [0, 1) and is greater than w, the first device may update the value of the internal variable, where the updated value of the internal variable = rp - w. In addition, the first device may continue to monitor the first message sent by the second device.

[0162] If the value of the internal variable is within [0, w), the first device may initiate initial access.

[0163] When the first device initiates initial access, there are two situations: initial access success and initial access failure. Each of these situations will be described below.

[0164] If the first device fails to initially access, the first device may readjust the value of the internal variable and re-listen for the first message sent by the second device. The parameters in the scheme described below are based on the most recently received parameters.

[0165] In some embodiments, the first device may adjust the value of the internal variable to a value close to 1. For example, the adjusted value of the internal variable = 1-rp.

[0166] In some embodiments, the first device may generate a second random number and assign the second random number to a counter. The generation range of the second random number may be determined based on a second parameter. The second parameter may be one or more of the parameters s, t, and w described below. The parameter s and / or the parameter t may be obtained by the first device during the initial access process. For example, during the initial access process, the second device may send the parameter s and / or the parameter t to the first device. The following is an introduction for different cases.

[0167] In some possible implementation manners, if the first device obtains the parameter s during the initial access process and s < 1, the range of the second random number may be [s, 1). The first device may generate the second random number within [s, 1).

[0168] In some possible implementation manners, if the first device obtains the parameter t during the initial access process and t < 1, the range of the second random number may be [0, t] or [w, t]. The first device may generate the second random number within [0, t] or [w, t].

[0169] In some possible implementation manners, if the first device obtains the parameter s and the parameter t during the initial access process and s < t < 1, the range of the second random number may be [s, t]. The first device may generate the second random number within [s, t].

[0170] If the initial access of the first device is successful, the first device may set the value of the internal variable to the default value 1 and no longer listen for the first message until the end of the entire call process.

[0171] The method embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above in combination with FIGS. 1 to 7. The device embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with FIGS. 8 to 10. It should be understood that the descriptions of the method embodiments correspond to those of the device embodiments. Therefore, the parts not described in detail may be referred to the previous method embodiments.

[0172] FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 800 shown in FIG. 8 may be any one of the first devices described above. The communication device 800 includes a receiving unit 810.

[0173] The receiving unit 810 is configured to receive a first message sent by a second device, where the first message is used to trigger the first device in which a first variable is within a preset range to perform initial access, and the first variable is used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

[0174] In some possible implementations, the communication device further includes: a generation unit for generating a first random number if the value of the first variable is an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is in an initial state; and an update unit for updating the value of the first variable to the first random number.

[0175] In some possible implementations, the receiving unit is further configured to: receive a first parameter sent by the second device, where the first parameter is used to determine the preset range.

[0176] In some possible implementations, the communication device further includes: an updating unit, configured to update the first variable using a first parameter if the value of the first variable is not an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is not in an initial state.

[0177] In some possible implementations, the updated value of the first variable is determined based on a difference between a current value of the first variable and the first parameter.

[0178] In some possible implementations, the communication device further includes: a generating unit, configured to generate a second random number if the initial access of the communication device fails; and an updating unit, configured to update the current value of the first variable to the second random number.

[0179] In some possible implementations, the receiving unit is further configured to: receive a second parameter sent by the second device, where the second parameter is used to determine a range of the second random number.

[0180] In some possible implementations, the maximum value and / or minimum value of the second random number is determined based on the second parameter.

[0181] In some possible implementations, the communication device further includes: a determining unit, configured to determine a value of the first variable based on a maximum value of the first random number if initial access of the communication device fails.

[0182] In some possible implementations, the communication device further includes: a setting unit, configured to set the value of the first variable to an initial value if the initial access of the communication device is completed.

[0183] In some possible implementations, the first random number is an integer, or the first random number is a non-integer.

[0184] In some possible implementations, if the first random number is a non-integer, then the first random number is a non-integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1.

[0185] In some possible implementations, if the first random number is an integer, the receiving unit is further configured to: receive a third parameter sent by the second device, where the third parameter is used to determine a range of the first random number.

[0186] In some possible implementations, the maximum value of the first random number is determined based on an exponential power of 2 of the third parameter.

[0187] In some possible implementations, the third parameter is carried in the first message.

[0188] In some possible implementations, the value of the first parameter changes according to a first rule, where the first rule includes: first changing according to a first granularity and then changing according to a second granularity, wherein the first granularity is greater than the second granularity.

[0189] In some possible implementations, the first particle size changes in an exponential form, and / or the second particle size changes in a linear form.

[0190] In some possible implementations, the first granularity changes in an exponential form of 2.

[0191] In some possible implementations, the first parameter includes a maximum value and / or a minimum value of the preset range, or the first parameter is an index parameter in a preset table, and the index parameter is used to determine the preset range from the preset table.

[0192] In some possible implementations, the first message is a queue message, or the first message is a selection message.

[0193] FIG9 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 900 shown in FIG9 can be any second device described above. The communication device 900 includes a sending unit 910.

[0194] The sending unit 910 is configured to send a first message to a first device, where the first message is used to trigger the first device, whose first variable is within a preset range, to perform initial access, and the first variable is used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

[0195] In some possible implementations, if the value of the first variable is an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is in an initial state, the first variable is updated based on a first random number generated by the first device.

[0196] In some possible implementations, the sending unit is further configured to: send a first parameter to the first device, where the first parameter is used to determine the preset range.

[0197] In some possible implementations, if the value of the first variable is not an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is not in an initial state, the first variable is updated based on the first parameter.

[0198] In some possible implementations, the updated value of the first variable is determined based on a difference between a current value of the first variable and the first parameter.

[0199] In some possible implementations, if the first device fails in initial access, the first variable is updated based on a second random number generated by the first device.

[0200] In some possible implementations, the sending unit is further configured to: send a second parameter to the first device, where the second parameter is used to determine a range of the second random number.

[0201] In some possible implementations, the maximum value and / or minimum value of the second random number is determined based on the second parameter.

[0202] In some possible implementations, if the first device fails in initial access, the value of the first variable is determined based on the maximum value of the first random number.

[0203] In some possible implementations, if the initial access of the first device is completed, the value of the first variable is an initial value.

[0204] In some possible implementations, the first random number is an integer, or the first random number is a non-integer.

[0205] In some possible implementations, if the first random number is a non-integer, then the first random number is a non-integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1.

[0206] In some possible implementations, if the first random number is an integer, the sending unit is further configured to: send a third parameter to the first device, where the third parameter is used to determine a range of the first random number.

[0207] In some possible implementations, the maximum value of the first random number is determined based on an exponential power of 2 of the third parameter.

[0208] In some possible implementations, the third parameter is carried in the first message.

[0209] In some possible implementations, the value of the first parameter changes according to a first rule, where the first rule includes: first changing according to a first granularity and then changing according to a second granularity, wherein the first granularity is greater than the second granularity.

[0210] In some possible implementations, the first particle size changes in an exponential form, and / or the second particle size changes in a linear form.

[0211] In some possible implementations, the first granularity changes in an exponential form of 2.

[0212] In some possible implementations, the first parameter includes a maximum value and / or a minimum value of the preset range, or the first parameter is an index parameter in a preset table, and the index parameter is used to determine the preset range from the preset table.

[0213] In some possible implementations, the first message is a queue message, or the first message is a selection message.

[0214] In an optional embodiment, the receiving unit 810 may be a transceiver 1030. The communication device 800 may further include a processor 1010 and a memory 1020, as specifically shown in FIG10 .

[0215] In an optional embodiment, the sending unit 910 may be a transceiver 1030. The communication device 900 may further include a processor 1010 and a memory 1020, as specifically shown in FIG10 .

[0216] Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. The dashed lines in Figure 10 indicate that the unit or module is optional. The device 1000 may be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiment. The device 1000 may be a chip, a terminal device, or a network device.

[0217] The device 1000 may include one or more processors 1010. The processor 1010 may support the device 1000 to implement the method described in the method embodiment above. The processor 1010 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, the processor may be another general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.

[0218] The apparatus 1000 may further include one or more memories 1020. The memories 1020 store programs that can be executed by the processor 1010, causing the processor 1010 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The memories 1020 may be independent of the processor 1010 or integrated into the processor 1010.

[0219] The apparatus 1000 may further include a transceiver 1030. The processor 1010 may communicate with other devices or chips via the transceiver 1030. For example, the processor 1010 may transmit and receive data with other devices or chips via the transceiver 1030.

[0220] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a program. The computer-readable storage medium can be applied to a terminal or network device provided in the present application, and the program enables a computer to execute the method performed by the terminal or network device in each embodiment of the present application.

[0221] The present application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a program. The computer program product can be applied to a terminal or network device provided in the present application, and the program causes a computer to execute the method performed by the terminal or network device in each embodiment of the present application.

[0222] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program. The computer program can be applied to the terminal or network device provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program enables a computer to execute the method performed by the terminal or network device in each embodiment of the present application.

[0223] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" in this application can be used interchangeably. In addition, the terms used in this application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0224] In the embodiments of this application, the term "indication" may refer to a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association. For example, "A indicates B" may refer to a direct indication of B, e.g., B can obtain information through A; it may refer to an indirect indication of B, e.g., A indicates C, e.g., B can obtain information through C; or it may refer to an association between A and B.

[0225] In the embodiment of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A and B can be determined based on A. However, it should be understood that determining B based on A does not mean determining B based solely on A, but B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0226] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or an association relationship between the two, or a relationship between indication and indication, configuration and configuration, etc.

[0227] In the embodiments of the present application, "pre-definition" or "pre-configuration" may be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (e.g., a terminal device and a network device). The present application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, pre-definition may refer to information defined in a protocol.

[0228] In the embodiments of the present application, the “protocol” may refer to a standard protocol in the communications field, for example, it may include an LTE protocol, an NR protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems, and the present application does not limit this.

[0229] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0230] In various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0231] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0232] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0233] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0234] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be read by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a digital versatile disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0235] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method, characterized in that, it includes: A first device receives a first message sent by a second device, where the first message is used to trigger the first device whose first variable is within a preset range to perform initial access, and the first variable is used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the method further includes: If the value of the first variable is the initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is in the initial state, then the first device generates a first random number; The first device updates the current value of the first variable to the first random number.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the method further includes: The first device receives a first parameter sent by the second device, and the first parameter is used to determine the preset range.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, the method further includes: If the value of the first variable is not the initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is not in the initial state, then the first device updates the first variable by using the first parameter.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, the updated value of the first variable is determined based on the difference between the current value of the first variable and the first parameter.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, the method further includes: If the first device fails in initial access, then the first device generates a second random number; The first device updates the current value of the first variable to the second random number.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, the method further includes: The first device receives a second parameter sent by the second device, and the second parameter is used to determine the range of the second random number.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, the maximum value and / or the minimum value of the second random number is determined based on the second parameter.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, the method further includes: If the first device fails in initial access, then the first device determines the value of the first variable based on the maximum value of the first random number.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, the method further includes: If the first device completes initial access, then the first device sets the value of the first variable to the initial value.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, the first random number is an integer, or the first random number is a non-integer.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, If the first random number is a non-integer, then the first random number is a non-integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1.

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, If the first random number is an integer, then the method further includes: The first device receives a third parameter sent by the second device, and the third parameter is used to determine the range of the first random number.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, the maximum value of the first random number is determined based on the exponential power of 2 of the third parameter.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein, the third parameter is carried in the first message.

16. The method according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein, the value of the first parameter changes according to a first rule, and the first rule includes: first changing according to a first granularity, and then changing according to a second granularity, wherein the first granularity is greater than the second granularity.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, the first granularity changes in an exponential form, and / or the second granularity changes in a linear form.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, the first granularity changes in the exponential form of 2.

19. The method according to any one of claims 3-5, 16-18, wherein, the first parameter includes the maximum value and / or the minimum value of the preset range, or, the first parameter is an index parameter in a preset table, and the index parameter is used to determine the preset range from the preset table.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1-19, wherein, the first message is a queue message, or the first message is a selection message.

21. A wireless communication method, wherein, comprising: a second device sends a first message to a first device, and the first message is used to trigger the first device in which a first variable is within a preset range to perform initial access, and the first variable is used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein, if the value of the first variable is an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is in an initial state, the first variable is updated based on a first random number generated by the first device.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein, the method further comprises: the second device sends a first parameter to the first device, and the first parameter is used to determine the preset range.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein, if the value of the first variable is not an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is not in an initial state, the first variable is updated based on the first parameter.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein, the updated value of the first variable is determined based on the difference between the current value of the first variable and the first parameter.

26. The method according to any one of claims 21-25, wherein, if the first device fails in initial access, the first variable is updated based on a second random number generated by the first device.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein, the method further comprises: the second device sends a second parameter to the first device, and the second parameter is used to determine the range of the second random number.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein, the maximum value and / or the minimum value of the second random number is determined based on the second parameter.

29. The method according to any one of claims 21-25, wherein, if the initial access of the first device fails, the value of the first variable is determined based on the maximum value of the first random number.

30. The method according to any one of claims 21-28, wherein, if the initial access of the first device is completed, the value of the first variable is the initial value.

31. The method according to any one of claims 21-30, wherein, the first random number is an integer, or the first random number is a non-integer.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein, if the first random number is a non-integer, the first random number is a non-integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1.

33. The method according to claim 31, wherein, if the first random number is an integer, the method further includes: the second device sends a third parameter to the first device, and the third parameter is used to determine the range of the first random number.

34. The method according to claim 33, wherein, the maximum value of the first random number is determined based on the exponential power of 2 of the third parameter.

35. The method according to claim 33 or 34, wherein, the third parameter is carried in the first message.

36. The method according to any one of claims 23-25, wherein, the value of the first parameter changes according to a first rule, and the first rule includes: first changing according to a first granularity, and then changing according to a second granularity, wherein the first granularity is greater than the second granularity.

37. The method according to claim 36, wherein, the first granularity changes in an exponential form, and / or the second granularity changes in a linear form.

38. The method according to claim 37, wherein, the first granularity changes in an exponential form of 2.

39. The method according to any one of claims 23-25, 36-38, wherein, the first parameter includes the maximum value and / or the minimum value of the preset range, or, the first parameter is an index parameter in a preset table, and the index parameter is used to determine the preset range from the preset table.

40. The method according to any one of claims 21-39, wherein, the first message is a queue message, or the first message is a selection message.

41. A communication device, wherein, the communication device is a first device, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive a first message sent by a second device, where the first message is used to trigger the first device in which the first variable is within a preset range to perform initial access, and the first variable is used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

42. The communication device according to claim 41, wherein, the communication device further includes: A generating unit, configured to generate a first random number if the value of the first variable is an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is in an initial state; An updating unit, configured to update the current value of the first variable to the first random number.

43. The communication device according to claim 41 or 42, characterized in that the receiving unit is further configured to: receive a first parameter sent by the second device, where the first parameter is used to determine the preset range.

44. The communication device according to any one of claims 41-43, characterized in that the communication device further comprises: an updating unit, configured to update the first variable by using the first parameter if the value of the first variable is not an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is not in an initial state.

45. The communication device according to claim 44, characterized in that the updated value of the first variable is determined based on the difference between the current value of the first variable and the first parameter.

46. The communication device according to any one of claims 41-45, characterized in that the communication device further comprises: a generating unit, configured to generate a second random number if the communication device fails in initial access; an updating unit, configured to update the current value of the first variable to the second random number.

47. The communication device according to claim 46, characterized in that the receiving unit is further configured to: receive a second parameter sent by the second device, where the second parameter is used to determine the range of the second random number.

48. The communication device according to claim 47, characterized in that the maximum value and / or the minimum value of the second random number is determined based on the second parameter.

49. The communication device according to any one of claims 41-45, characterized in that the communication device further comprises: a determining unit, configured to determine the value of the first variable based on the maximum value of the first random number if the communication device fails in initial access.

50. The communication device according to any one of claims 41-49, characterized in that the communication device further comprises: a setting unit, configured to set the value of the first variable to an initial value if the communication device completes initial access.

51. The communication device according to any one of claims 41-50, characterized in that the first random number is an integer, or the first random number is a non-integer.

52. The communication device according to claim 51, characterized in that if the first random number is a non-integer, then the first random number is a non-integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1.

53. The communication device according to claim 51, characterized in that if the first random number is an integer, then the receiving unit is further configured to: receive a third parameter sent by the second device, where the third parameter is used to determine the range of the first random number.

54. The communication device according to claim 53, characterized in that the maximum value of the first random number is determined based on the power of 2 of the third parameter.

55. The communication device according to claim 53 or 54, characterized in that The third parameter is carried in the first message.

56. The communication device according to any one of claims 43-45, wherein, the value of the first parameter changes according to a first rule, and the first rule includes: first changing according to a first granularity, and then changing according to a second granularity, wherein the first granularity is greater than the second granularity.

57. The communication device according to claim 56, wherein, the first granularity changes in an exponential form, and / or the second granularity changes in a linear form.

58. The communication device according to claim 57, wherein, the first granularity changes in the exponential form of 2.

59. The communication device according to any one of claims 43-45, 56-58, wherein, the first parameter includes the maximum value and / or the minimum value of the preset range, or, the first parameter is an index parameter in a preset table, and the index parameter is used to determine the preset range from the preset table.

60. The communication device according to any one of claims 41-59, wherein, the first message is a queue message, or the first message is a selection message.

61. A communication device, wherein, the communication device is a second device, including: a sending unit, configured to send a first message to a first device, where the first message is used to trigger the first device in which a first variable is within a preset range to perform initial access, and the first variable is used to determine whether the first device can initiate initial access.

62. The communication device according to claim 61, wherein, if the value of the first variable is an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is in an initial state, the first variable is updated based on a first random number generated by the first device.

63. The communication device according to claim 61 or 62, wherein, the sending unit is further configured to: send a first parameter to the first device, where the first parameter is used to determine the preset range.

64. The communication device according to any one of claims 61-63, wherein, if the value of the first variable is not an initial value and / or the state machine in the first device is not in an initial state, the first variable is updated based on the first parameter.

65. The communication device according to claim 64, wherein, the updated value of the first variable is determined based on the difference between the current value of the first variable and the first parameter.

66. The communication device according to any one of claims 61-65, wherein, if the initial access of the first device fails, the first variable is updated based on a second random number generated by the first device.

67. The communication device according to claim 66, wherein, the sending unit is further configured to: send a second parameter to the first device, where the second parameter is used to determine the range of the second random number.

68. The communication device according to claim 67, wherein, The maximum value and / or minimum value of the second random number is / are determined based on the second parameter.

69. The communication device according to any one of claims 61-65, wherein, if the initial access of the first device fails, the value of the first variable is determined based on the maximum value of the first random number.

70. The communication device according to any one of claims 61-68, wherein, if the initial access of the first device is completed, the value of the first variable is the initial value.

71. The communication device according to any one of claims 61-70, wherein, the first random number is an integer, or the first random number is a non-integer.

72. The communication device according to claim 71, wherein, if the first random number is a non-integer, the first random number is a non-integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1.

73. The communication device according to claim 71, wherein, if the first random number is an integer, the sending unit is further configured to: send a third parameter to the first device, where the third parameter is used to determine the range of the first random number.

74. The communication device according to claim 73, wherein, the maximum value of the first random number is determined based on the exponential power of 2 of the third parameter.

75. The communication device according to claim 73 or 74, wherein, the third parameter is carried in the first message.

76. The communication device according to any one of claims 63-65, wherein, the value of the first parameter changes according to a first rule, and the first rule includes: first changing according to a first granularity, and then changing according to a second granularity, where the first granularity is greater than the second granularity.

77. The communication device according to claim 76, wherein, the first granularity changes in an exponential form, and / or the second granularity changes in a linear form.

78. The communication device according to claim 77, wherein, the first granularity changes in the exponential form of 2.

79. The communication device according to any one of claims 63-65, 76-78, wherein, the first parameter includes the maximum value and / or minimum value of the preset range, or, the first parameter is an index parameter in a preset table, and the index parameter is used to determine the preset range from the preset table.

80. The communication device according to any one of claims 61-79, wherein, the first message is a queue message, or the first message is a selection message.

81. A communication device, wherein, it includes a transceiver, a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store programs, and the processor is used to call the programs in the memory and control the transceiver to receive or send signals, so that the communication device executes the method according to any one of claims 1-40.

82. A device, wherein, it includes a processor, which is used to call programs from a memory, so that the device executes the method according to any one of claims 1-40.

83. A chip, characterized in that, it includes a processor for calling a program from a memory, such that a device installed with the chip executes the method according to any one of claims 1-40.

84. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, it stores a program thereon, and the program causes a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-40.

85. A computer program product, characterized in that, it includes a program, and the program causes a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-40.

86. A computer program, characterized in that, the computer program causes a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-40.

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