Paging messages for the device

Abstract

Various aspects of this disclosure relate to paging messages for devices, such as environmental Internet of Things (IoT) devices. In one aspect, a first device receives a paging message from a second device. The paging message is associated with first information and includes second information. The first information identifies at least one device, and the second information indicates at least one paging reason. If the first information identifies the first device, the first device performs at least one operation based on the second information. In this way, the content of the paging message is redesigned and optimized for devices (such as environmental IoT devices), thereby enabling paging processes for environmental IoT devices and improving the efficiency of paging processes for these devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication, and more specifically to paging messages for devices, such as environmental Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Background Technology

[0002] A wireless communication system may include one or more network communication devices (such as base stations (BS)), which may also be referred to as eNodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), or other suitable terms. Each network communication device (such as a base station) may support wireless communication for one or more user communication devices, which may also be referred to as user equipment (UE) or other suitable terms. The wireless communication system may support wireless communication with one or more user communication devices by utilizing the resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, subframes, frames, etc.) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers)). Additionally, the wireless communication system may support wireless communication across a variety of radio access technologies, including third-generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth-generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth-generation (5G) radio access technology, and other suitable radio access technologies other than 5G (e.g., sixth-generation (6G)).

[0003] In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has garnered significant attention in the field of wireless communication. The expectation is for more interconnected "things" to improve productivity and enhance quality of life. Further reductions in the size, complexity, and power consumption of IoT devices could enable the deployment of hundreds of billions or even trillions of IoT devices for a wide range of applications, adding value throughout the value chain. However, powering all IoT devices with batteries that require manual replacement or charging is impractical. Therefore, several issues related to communication devices, such as Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) devices, remain to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure relates to methods, apparatus, and systems for supporting paging messages for devices, such as environmental Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

[0005] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein include: receiving a paging message from a second device, wherein the paging message is associated with first information and includes second information, wherein the first information identifies at least one device and the second information indicates at least one paging reason; and, if the first information identifies the first device, performing at least one operation based on the second information. In this way, the content of the paging message is redesigned and optimized for devices (such as environmental IoT devices), thereby enabling paging processes for environmental IoT devices and improving the efficiency of paging processes for these devices.

[0006] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the first information may include one of the following: a paging identifier (ID) that identifies at least one device; a status indication that identifies at least one device having the same status; or a combination thereof for identifying the paging ID and status indication of at least one device.

[0007] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the first information may be included in at least one of the paging message or the paging control signaling for the paging message.

[0008] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, paging control signaling may include: indicating at least one device as a group indication of a group; or indicating at least one device as a subgroup indication of a subgroup of a group.

[0009] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, a paging ID may identify the device, and the paging ID may include one of the following: a tag ID of the device; an Electronic Product Code (EPC) ID associated with the device; a combination of at least a portion of the tag ID and the EPC ID; or at least a portion of data stored in a region of the device.

[0010] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, a paging ID can identify multiple devices, and the paging ID can include one of the following: a common portion of the tag IDs of the multiple devices; a common portion of the EPC IDs of the multiple devices; a common portion of the data stored in areas of the multiple devices; a class ID or family ID that identifies the multiple devices or multiple products associated with the multiple devices; or an ID that identifies the area or shelf of the multiple devices.

[0011] In some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein, the paging ID may be included in the paging control signaling, and some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may also include receiving paging control signaling from a second device; and receiving or decoding paging messages based on a paging ID mapping with the ID of the first device.

[0012] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, a group indication or subgroup indication may include one or more of the following: a portion of a paging ID; a status indication; the ID of a network device associated with a group or subgroup of the device, wherein the network device is a second device or another device that sends a paging message to the second device; a group number or subgroup number; the area ID of the group or subgroup of the device; or a group ID and an associated status indication.

[0013] In some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein, a group indication or subgroup indication may be determined based on at least one criterion of a group or subgroup configured by a third device, wherein: at least one criterion is valid until at least one updated criterion is received or the first device is powered off; or the group indication or subgroup indication is valid until an updated group indication or updated subgroup indication is received or the first device is powered off.

[0014] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, at least one criterion may include: the ID of a network device associated with a group or subgroup of the device, wherein the network device is a second device or another device that sends a paging message to the second device; or the area ID of the group or subgroup of the device.

[0015] Some implementations of the methods and devices described herein may include one of the following: a paging ID may be included in paging control signaling and may indicate a device or a group of devices; a paging ID may be included in a paging message and may indicate a device or a group of devices; or a first part of a paging ID may be included in paging control signaling and may indicate a group of devices, and a second part of a paging ID may be included in a paging message and may indicate a device or a subgroup of devices within the group of devices.

[0016] Some implementations of the methods and devices described herein may also include: comparing a group indication or subgroup indication with a stored group or subgroup indication; and receiving or decoding a subsequent paging message based on the comparison.

[0017] Some implementations of the methods and devices described herein may also include: receiving an updated group ID of the first device based on a change in the state of the first device; or updating the group ID of the first device based on a mapping rule between the state indication and the group ID based on a change in the state of the first device.

[0018] Some implementations of the methods and devices described in this paper may also include receiving mapping rules configured or pre-configured by a third device via a second device.

[0019] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: receiving paging control signaling for a paging message from a second device, wherein the paging control signaling may include at least one of the following: a resource indication indicating a resource for receiving a paging message; or a paging indication indicating the message type of the paging message.

[0020] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: storing or predefining a paging indication before receiving a paging message; comparing the stored or predefined paging indication with a paging indication scrambled with paging control signaling for the paging message; and receiving the paging message based on the comparison.

[0021] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the paging message may also include: a paging indication indicating the message type of the paging message.

[0022] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the second information may include one of the following: a first paging reason associated with inventory, wherein the first paging reason indicates that the inventory status of at least one device will be changed or that the ID of at least one device will be reported; a second paging reason associated with at least one sensor, wherein the second paging reason indicates that sensor data stored in at least one device will be sent; a third paging reason associated with location, wherein the third paging reason indicates that a location request will be responded to; or a fourth paging reason associated with at least one command, wherein the fourth paging reason indicates that at least one action in response to at least one command will be performed.

[0023] In some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein, the second information may include one of the following: a fifth paging reason associated with a response, wherein the fifth paging reason indicates that the required information will be responded to to the second device; a sixth paging reason associated with at least one action for which there is no response, wherein the sixth paging reason indicates that at least one action will be performed but will not be responded to to the second device; or a seventh paging reason associated with at least one action for which there is a response, wherein the seventh paging reason indicates that at least one action will be performed and a response associated with at least one action will be responded to to the second device.

[0024] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the second information may include one of the following: an eighth paging reason associated with a read operation, wherein the eighth paging reason indicates that required data in a region of at least one device will be sent to the second device; a ninth paging reason associated with a write operation, wherein the ninth paging reason indicates that data from the second device will be written to a region of at least one device; or a tenth paging reason associated with an erase operation, wherein the tenth paging reason indicates that data stored in a region of at least one device will be deleted.

[0025] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the tenth paging reason may also indicate that a response associated with the erasure operation will be responded to by a second device.

[0026] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the paging message may also include a response resource, wherein the response resource may indicate a resource for sending at least one of the first message to a second device or a subsequent response after the first message.

[0027] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, a response resource may be associated with one of the following: a paging reason, a paging ID, or a paging area; or the response resource may be common to multiple paging reasons, paging IDs, or paging areas.

[0028] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the paging message may also include auxiliary information, which may indicate one or more of the following: the ID of the paging network device, wherein the paging network device is a second device or another device that sends the paging message to the second device; resources for receiving the second message from the paging network device; access control associated with the configuration for accessing the paging network device; or a time window or response time for sending a response to the paging network device.

[0029] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, auxiliary information may be associated with one of the following: paging reason, paging ID, or paging area; or the auxiliary information may be common to multiple paging reasons, paging IDs, or paging areas.

[0030] Some implementations of the methods and devices described herein include sending a paging message to at least one device, wherein the paging message is associated with first information and includes second information, wherein the first information identifies at least one device and the second information indicates at least one paging reason. In this way, the content of the paging message is redesigned and optimized for devices (such as environmental IoT devices), thereby enabling paging processes for environmental IoT devices and improving the efficiency of paging processes for these devices.

[0031] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the first information may include one of the following: a paging identifier (ID) that identifies at least one device; a status indication that identifies at least one device having the same status; or a combination thereof for identifying the paging ID and status indication of at least one device.

[0032] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the first information may be included in the paging message or paging control signaling for the paging message.

[0033] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, paging control signaling may include: indicating at least one device as a group indication of a group; or indicating at least one device as a subgroup indication of a subgroup of a group.

[0034] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, a paging ID may identify the device, and the paging ID may include one of the following: a tag ID of the device; an Electronic Product Code (EPC) ID associated with the device; a combination of at least a portion of the tag ID and the EPC ID; or at least a portion of data stored in a region of the device.

[0035] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, a paging ID can identify multiple devices, and the paging ID can include one of the following: a common portion of the tag IDs of the multiple devices; a common portion of the EPC IDs of the multiple devices; a common portion of the data stored in areas of the multiple devices; a class ID or family ID that identifies the multiple devices or multiple products associated with the multiple devices; or an ID that identifies the area or shelf of the multiple devices.

[0036] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, a group indication or subgroup indication may include one or more of the following: a portion of a paging ID; a status indication; the ID of a network device associated with a group or subgroup of the device, wherein the network device is a second device or another device that sends a paging message to the second device; a group number or subgroup number; a region ID of the device group or subgroup; or a group ID and an associated status indication.

[0037] In some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein, a group indication or subgroup indication may be determined based on at least one criterion of a group or subgroup configured by a third device, and some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: receiving at least one criterion from a third device; and sending at least one criterion to a first device.

[0038] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, at least one criterion may include: the ID of a network device associated with a group or subgroup of the device, wherein the network device is a second device or another device that sends a paging message to the second device; or the area ID of the group or subgroup of the device.

[0039] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, one of the following is true: a paging ID is included in paging control signaling and indicates a device or a group of devices; a paging ID is included in a paging message and indicates a device or a group of devices; or a first part of a paging ID is included in paging control signaling and indicates a group of devices, and a second part of a paging ID is included in a paging message and indicates a device or a subgroup of devices within the group of devices.

[0040] Some implementations of the methods and devices described herein may also include sending one of the following to the first device based on a change in the state of the first device: the updated group ID of the first device; or a mapping rule between state information and group ID.

[0041] Some implementations of the methods and devices described in this paper may also include: receiving mapping rules from a third device; and sending mapping rules to a first device.

[0042] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: sending paging control signaling to a first device for a paging message, wherein the paging control signaling may include at least one of the following: a resource indication indicating a resource for receiving a paging message; or a paging indication indicating the message type of the paging message.

[0043] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the paging message may also include: a paging indication indicating the message type of the paging message.

[0044] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the second information may include one of the following: a first paging reason associated with inventory, wherein the first paging reason indicates that the inventory status of at least one device will be changed or that the ID of at least one device will be reported; a second paging reason associated with at least one sensor, wherein the second paging reason indicates that sensor data stored in at least one device will be sent; a third paging reason associated with location, wherein the third paging reason indicates that a location request will be responded to; or a fourth paging reason associated with at least one command, wherein the fourth paging reason indicates that at least one action in response to at least one command will be performed.

[0045] In some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein, the second information may include one of the following: a fifth paging reason associated with a response, wherein the fifth paging reason indicates that the required information will respond to the second device; a sixth paging reason associated with at least one action for which there is no response, wherein the sixth paging reason indicates that at least one action will be performed but will not respond to the second device; or a seventh paging reason associated with at least one action for which there is a response, wherein the seventh paging reason indicates that at least one action will be performed and the response associated with the at least one action will respond to the second device.

[0046] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the second information may include one of the following: an eighth paging reason associated with a read operation, wherein the eighth paging reason indicates that required data in a region of at least one device will be sent to the second device; a ninth paging reason associated with a write operation, wherein the ninth paging reason indicates that data from the second device will be written to a region of at least one device; or a tenth paging reason associated with an erase operation, wherein the tenth paging reason indicates that data stored in a region of at least one device will be deleted.

[0047] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the tenth paging reason may also indicate that a response associated with the erasure operation will be responded to by a second device.

[0048] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the paging message may also include a response resource, wherein the response resource may indicate a resource for sending at least one of the first message to a second device or a subsequent response after the first message.

[0049] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, a response resource may be associated with one of the following: a paging reason, a paging ID, or a paging area; or the response resource may be common to multiple paging reasons, paging IDs, or paging areas.

[0050] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, the paging message may also include auxiliary information, which may indicate one or more of the following: the ID of the paging network device, wherein the paging network device is a second device or another device that sends the paging message to the second device; resources for receiving the second message from the paging network device; access control associated with the configuration for accessing the paging network device; or a time window or response time for sending a response to the paging network device.

[0051] In some implementations of the methods and devices described herein, auxiliary information may be associated with one of the following: paging reason, paging ID, or paging area; or the auxiliary information may be common to multiple paging reasons, paging IDs, or paging areas.

[0052] Some implementations of the methods and devices described herein may further include: determining at least one criterion for assigning at least one first device to the group or subgroup; and sending at least one criterion and the assignment of at least one first device to the group or subgroup to a second device. In this way, network control (sub)group indication can be implemented. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1A An example of a wireless communication system supporting paging messages for the Internet of Things (IoT) in the environment is illustrated according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0054] Figure 1B An example of Topology 1 associated with various aspects of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0055] Figure 1C An example of Topology 2 associated with various aspects of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0056] Figure 2The illustration shows an example signaling diagram illustrating an example process for supporting paging messages for devices (such as A-IoT devices) according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0057] Figure 3 The illustration shows an example signaling diagram illustrating examples of network control (sub)group instructions according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0058] Figure 4 An example of a device that supports paging messages for devices such as A-IoT devices according to various aspects of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0059] Figure 5 An example of a processor that supports paging messages for devices, such as A-IoT devices, according to various aspects of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0060] Figure 6 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a method for supporting paging messages for devices, such as A-IoT devices, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0061] Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a method for supporting paging messages for devices, such as A-IoT devices, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0062] Figure 8 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a method for supporting paging messages for devices, such as A-IoT devices, according to various aspects of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The principles of this disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are described for illustrative purposes and to assist those skilled in the art in understanding and implementing this disclosure, and do not imply any limitation on the scope of this disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various ways other than those described below.

[0064] In the following description and claims, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0065] References to "an embodiment," "example embodiment," "embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., in this disclosure indicate that the embodiments(s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily must include that particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same(s) embodiments(s). Moreover, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, those skilled in the art will recognize that in conjunction with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) such a feature, structure, or characteristic may affect such a feature, structure, or characteristic within the scope of their knowledge.

[0066] It should be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element may also be referred to as a second element without departing from the scope of the embodiments, and similarly, a second element may also be referred to as a first element. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.

[0067] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” used herein are also intended to include the plural forms. Furthermore, it should be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” “having,” “including,” and / or “containing” as used herein specify the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0068] As used herein, the term "communication network" refers to a network that follows any suitable communication protocol, such as 5G New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), etc. Furthermore, communication between user equipment and network equipment in a communication network can be performed according to any suitable generation of communication protocol, including but not limited to first-generation (1G), second-generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, third-generation (3G), fourth-generation (4G), 4.5G, fifth-generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other communication protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to a variety of communication systems. Given the rapid development of communications, there will also be future types of communication technologies and systems in which this disclosure can be embodied. This should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure to the systems described above.

[0069] As used herein, the term "network device" generally refers to a node in a communication network through which user equipment can access the network and receive services. Network devices can refer to base stations (BS) or access points (APs), such as Node B (NodeB or NB), Radio Access Network (RAN) nodes, Evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), NR NB (also known as gNB), Remote Radio Unit (RRU), Radio Header (RH), infrastructure equipment for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, Transmitter Receiver Point (TRP), Receiver Point (RP), Remote Radio Header End (RRH), relay, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) nodes, and low-power nodes (such as femtocells (BS), picocells, etc.), depending on the terminology and technology applied. Network devices can also refer to network functions (NFs) in the core network, such as SMF, AMF, PCF, UPF, or devices with similar functions in future network architectures.

[0070] As used herein, the term “user equipment (UE)” generally refers to any terminal device capable of wireless communication. By way of example and not limitation, a user equipment may also be referred to as a communication device, terminal device, end-user equipment, subscriber station (SS), unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), portable subscriber station, mobile station (MS), or access terminal (AT). User equipment can include, but is not limited to, mobile phones, cellular phones, smartphones, Voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, tablets, wearable user devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable computers, desktop computers, image capture user devices (such as digital cameras), gaming user devices, music storage and playback devices, in-vehicle wireless user equipment, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop embedded devices (LEEs), laptop mounted devices (LMEs), USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer premises equipment (CPEs), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, watches or other wearable devices, head-mounted displays (HMDs), vehicles, drones, medical devices (e.g., remote surgical equipment), industrial equipment (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in industrial and / or automated processing chain environments), consumer electronic devices, and devices operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks. In the following description, the terms "user equipment," "communication equipment," "terminal," "user equipment," and "UE" are used interchangeably.

[0071] As used herein, the term "Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device" refers to a device without a battery or with limited energy storage capacity. For A-IoT devices, energy is provided by harvesting radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other suitable source. A-IoT devices may also be referred to as zero-power terminals, near-zero-power terminals, passive IoT devices, ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) devices, tags, etc. Compared to low-power, wide-coverage services such as narrowband (NB) IoT and enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC), A-IoT offers lower complexity and lower power consumption, making it suitable for a wider range of applications.

[0072] The aspects of this disclosure are described in the context of wireless communication systems.

[0073] Figure 1A An example of a wireless communication system (or communication network) 100 supporting carrier node determination according to aspects of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network devices), one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communication system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a combination of 4G and 5G networks, or other suitable radio access technologies, including IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20. The wireless communication system 100 may support radio access technologies other than 5G. In addition, the wireless communication system 100 can support technologies such as time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), or code division multiple access (CDMA).

[0074] One or more network entities 102 may be distributed across a geographical area to form a wireless communication system 100. The network entities 102 described herein may be, include, or may be referred to as network nodes, base stations, network elements, radio access networks (RAN), base transceiver stations, access points, NodeBs, eNodeBs (eNBs), next-generation NodeBs (gNBs), or other suitable terms. Network entities 102 and UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, network entities 102 and UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, send signaling) through a communication interface.

[0075] Network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which it may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasting, etc.) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, network entity 102 and UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals associated with services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasting, etc.) based on one or more radio access technologies. In some implementations, network entity 102 may be mobile, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. The information and signals described herein may be represented using a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be mentioned in the description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0076] One or more UEs 104 may be distributed across a geographical area of ​​the wireless communication system 100. UE 104 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, remote unit, handheld device, or subscriber device, or some other suitable term. In some implementations, UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, among other examples. Alternatively or additionally, UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a Machine Type Communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, UE 104 may be stationary within the wireless communication system 100. In some other implementations, UE 104 may be mobile within the wireless communication system 100.

[0077] One or more UEs 104 can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Examples of some UEs 104 are shown in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 1, UE 104 can be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as network entity 102, other UEs 104, or network devices (e.g., core network 106, packet data network 108, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or another network device). Alternatively or additionally, UE 104 can support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which can act as relays in the wireless communication system 100.

[0078] UE 104 can also support direct wireless communication with other UE 104s via communication link 114. For example, UE 104 can support direct wireless communication with another UE 104 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular V2X deployments, communication link 114 may be referred to as a side link. For example, UE 104 can support direct wireless communication with another UE 104 via a communication interface.

[0079] Network entity 102 may support communication with core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, network entity 102 may interface with core network 106 via one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via S1, N2, N2, or another network interface). Network entities 102 may communicate with each other via backhaul links 116 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or another network interface). In some implementations, network entities 102 may communicate directly with each other (e.g., between network entities 102). In some other implementations, network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via core network 106). In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include sub-components, such as access network entities, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). The ANC may communicate with one or more UEs 104 via one or more other access network transport entities, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmit-receive points (TRPs).

[0080] In some implementations, network entity 102 can be configured in a decomposed architecture that can utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed across two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, network entity 102 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a radio unit (RU), a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) (e.g., a near-real-time RIC, a non-real-time RIC), a service management and orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.

[0081] An RU can also be referred to as a radio head, intelligent radio head, remote radio head (RRH), remote radio unit (RRU), or transmit-receive point (TRP). One or more components of network entity 102 in the decomposed RAN architecture can be co-located, or one or more components of network entity 102 can be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 in the decomposed RAN architecture can be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0082] The functional division among CU, DU, and RU can be flexible and can support different functions depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at the CU, DU, or RU. For example, the functional division of the protocol stack can be adopted between the CU and DU, such that the CU can support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and the DU can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU can host upper-layer protocol layer (e.g., Layer 3 (L3), Layer 2 (L2)) functions and signaling (e.g., RRC, Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). The CU can be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and one or more DUs or RUs can host lower-layer protocol layer functions and signaling, such as Layer 1 (L1) (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., Radio Link Control (RLC), MAC layer), and each can be at least partially controlled by the CU.

[0083] Alternatively, or alternatively, the functional division of the protocol stack can be adopted between DU and RU, such that DU can support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and RU can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. DU can support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs). In some implementations, the functional division between CU and DU or between DU and RU can be within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions for the protocol layer can be performed by one of CU, DU, or RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of CU, DU, or RU).

[0084] The CU can be further functionally divided into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. The CU can be connected to one or more DUs via midhaul communication links (e.g., F1, F1c, F1-u), while the DUs can be connected to one or more RUs via fronthaul communication links (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interfaces). In some implementations, the midhaul or fronthaul communication links can be implemented based on interfaces (e.g., channels) between layers of a protocol stack, which are supported by corresponding network entities 102 communicating via such communication links.

[0085] Core network 106 can support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 106 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include control plane entities that manage access and mobility (e.g., Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Functions (AMF)) and user plane entities that route or interconnect packets to external networks (e.g., Serving Gateway (S-GW), Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (P-GW), or User Plane Functions (UPF)). In some implementations, control plane entities may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signaling bearers, etc.) for one or more UEs 104 served by one or more network entities 102 associated with core network 106.

[0086] Core network 106 can communicate with packet data network 108 via one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via S1, N2, N2, or another network interface). Packet data network 108 may include application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with application server 118. UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session, etc.) with core network 106 via network entity 102. Core network 106 can use the established session (e.g., established PDU session) to route traffic (e.g., control information, data, etc.) between UE 104 and application server 118. A PDU session may be one example of a logical connection between UE 104 and core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of core network 106).

[0087] In the wireless communication system 100, network entity 102 and UE 104 can use the resources of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, subframes, frames, etc.) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers)) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communication). In some implementations, network entity 102 and UE 104 can support different resource structures. For example, network entity 102 and UE 104 can support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, network entity 102 and UE 104 can support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and other suitable radio access technologies, network entity 102 and UE 104 can support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures). Network entity 102 and UE 104 can support various frame structures based on one or more digital technologies.

[0088] One or more digital technologies may be supported in the wireless communication system 100, and the digital technologies may include subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix. The first digital technology (e.g., μ =0) can be associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first digital technique (e.g., ...) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) is... μ =0) can utilize one time slot per subframe. Second digital technologies (e.g., μ =1) can be associated with the second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. The third digital technology (e.g., μ =2) can be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth digital technology (e.g., μ =3) can be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth digital technology (e.g., μ =4) can be associated with the fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and the normal cyclic prefix.

[0089] The time intervals of resources (e.g., communication resources) can be organized according to frames (also called radio frames). Each frame can have a duration, for example, 10 milliseconds (ms). In some implementations, each frame can include multiple subframes. For example, each frame can include 10 subframes, and each subframe can have a duration, for example, 1 ms. In some implementations, each frame can have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame can have the same duration.

[0090] Alternatively or concurrently, the time intervals of resources (e.g., communication resources) can be organized according to time slots. For example, a subframe may include a certain number (e.g., quantity) of time slots. The number of time slots in each subframe may also depend on one or more digital technologies supported in the wireless communication system 100. For example, a first digital technology, a second digital technology, a third digital technology, a fourth digital technology, and a fifth digital technology (i.e., ...) associated with corresponding subcarrier intervals of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz. μ =0、 μ =1、 μ =2、 μ =3、 μ =4) One time slot per subframe, two time slots per subframe, four time slots per subframe, eight time slots per subframe, and 16 time slots per subframe can be used, respectively. Each time slot can include a certain number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols). In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of time slots in a subframe can depend on the digital technique. For a normal cyclic prefix, a time slot can include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., for a 60 kHz subcarrier spacing), a time slot can include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per time slot, the number of time slots per subframe, and the number of time slots per frame for both normal and extended cyclic prefixes can depend on the digital technique. It should be understood that for the first digital technique (e.g., quantity) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz), μ The reference of =0 can be used interchangeably between subframes and time slots.

[0091] In the wireless communication system 100, the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum can be divided into various categories, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can support one or more operating frequency bands, such as frequency range names FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz - 24.25 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz - 114.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz - 71 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz - 300 GHz). In some implementations, network entity 102 and UE 104 can perform wireless communication on one or more operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 can be used by network entity 102 and UE 104, as well as other devices or apparatuses, for cellular communication services (e.g., control information, data). In some implementations, FR2 can be used by network entity 102 and UE 104, as well as other devices or apparatuses, for short-range, high-data-rate capabilities.

[0092] FR1 can be associated with one or more digital technologies (e.g., at least three digital technologies). For example, FR1 can be associated with the following: a first digital technology (e.g., μ =0), which includes a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; second digital technology (e.g., μ =1), which includes a 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; third digital technology (e.g., μ =2), which includes a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz. FR2 can be associated with one or more digital technologies (e.g., at least two digital technologies). For example, FR2 can be associated with a third digital technology (e.g., μ =2), which includes a 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; fourth digital technology (e.g., μ =3), which includes a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz.

[0093] In A-IoT, paging can be used to request action and / or response from (multiple) specific devices. Unlike traditional systems, A-IoT may lack serving cell / gNB and system information because it is challenging for A-IoT devices to actively monitor / measure reference signals from neighboring cells under conditions of limited energy and capabilities. Therefore, the passive nature, weaknesses, and energy limitations of devices need to be considered when studying A-IoT paging. Given the differences between traditional systems (e.g., NR, LTE) and A-IoT systems, the content of paging messages may need to be redesigned or optimized.

[0094] According to the RAN#102 research project description (SID), this research project further evaluates IoT in the RAN working group (WG) level environment, a new 3GPP Partner Program (3GPP) IoT technology suitable for deployment in 3GPP systems that rely on ultra-low power, ultra-low complexity devices for very low-endpoint IoT applications. This research should provide a clear distinction, addressing use cases and scenarios that cannot be met based on existing 3GPP LPWA IoT technologies, such as NB-IoT, including reducing peak Tx power. The definitions provided in TR 38.848 are incorporated into this research project (SI), and the following is the only general scope encompassing aspects A through E:

[0095] Aspect A: The overall objective should be to research a coordinated air interface design with minimal (where necessary) differences for environmental IoT, enabling devices that: i) have a peak power consumption of approximately 1µW and energy storage, and an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10. XThe device has no downlink (DL) or uplink (UL) amplification. The UL transmission of this device is backscattered on an externally provided carrier. ii) The peak power consumption of the device does not exceed several hundred µW and has energy storage capabilities, with an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10 ppm. X The device has both DL and / or UL amplification in ppm. The UL transmission of the device can be generated internally by the device or backscattered on an externally provided carrier. X will be determined in the WG. It should be understood that "not exceeding several hundred µW" means that the WG has no task of setting a specific value, and it will be determined by the WG whether the design with the corresponding power consumption meets the "not exceeding several hundred µW" requirement. Coverage design objectives: According to TR 38.848: "...the range in which the WG can perform sub-selection", the maximum distance of the device indoors is 10-50m. According to TR 38.848, for topologies 1 and 2 (UE as an intermediate node under NW control), there is no RRC state, no mobility (i.e., at least no cell selection / reselection functions), no HARQ, and no ARQ.

[0096] Aspect B: Deployment scenarios with the following characteristics, refer to the table in Section 4.2.2 of TR 38.848. Deployment Scenario 1 with Topology 1: Base station and coexistence characteristics: microcell, co-site. Deployment Scenario 2 with Topology 2, and the UE as an intermediate node under network control: Base station and coexistence characteristics: macrocell, co-site; and the intermediate node is located indoors. Aspect C: FR1 licensed spectrum in FDD. Aspect D: Spectrum deployment in frequency bands to NR, guard bands to LTE / NR, and (multiple) independent frequency bands. Aspect E: Service types DO-DTT, DT, with a focus on rUC1 (indoor stock) and rUC4 (indoor command).

[0097] According to RAN#104, this study will assess whether the coordinated air interface design (according to item 'A' above) can address the DO-A (Device Autonomy) use case, but only to identify which(s) of the coordinated air interface design (according to item 'A' above) is insufficient to meet the DO-A use case.

[0098] Transmissions from environmental IoT devices (including backscattering during use) can occur at least in the UL spectrum.

[0099] RAN2 leads the research and determination of which functions are needed for the compact protocol stack and lightweight signaling processes of the IoT environment to enable DO-DTT and DT data transmission, and studies these functions. Examples include paging, random access, data transmission (including necessary radio resource control aspects, respecting general limitations), and interaction with upper layers. Functions not listed above are studied if they are found to be critical.

[0100] According to RAN 38.348, research on environmental IoT (Internet of Things) in RAN involves several representative use cases, specifically defining two groups or two levels of grouping. First, Group A is based on (multiple) deployment environments described for use cases in TR 22.840, and second, Group B is based on the functions / applications described in TR 22.870. For example, Group A: Indoor, Outdoor, or Indoor / Outdoor. Group B: Inventory, Sensors, Location, or Command. These two groups are then used to form representative use cases (rUCs), as shown below, which are used in Section 4.2 – Deployment Scenarios and Connectivity Topologies. For example, rUC1 is Indoor Inventory, rUC2 is Indoor Sensors, rUC3 is Indoor Location, rUC4 is Indoor Command, rUC5 is Outdoor Inventory, rUC6 is Outdoor Sensors, rUC7 is Outdoor Location, and rUC8 is Outdoor Command.

[0101] Figure 1B An example scenario of Topology 1 associated with various aspects of this disclosure is illustrated. For example... Figure 1B As shown, in Topology 1 (i.e., the first topology), the environmental IoT device 121 communicates directly and bidirectionally with the base station (BS) 122. Communication between the BS 122 and the environmental IoT device 121 includes environmental IoT data and / or signaling. This topology includes possibilities for transmissions from the BS 122 to the environmental IoT device 121, and different possibilities for transmissions from the environmental IoT device 121 to the BS 122. The environmental IoT device 121 can be an example of the first device 201 described below. The BS 122 can be an example of the second device 202 described below.

[0102] Figure 1C An example scenario of Topology 2 (i.e., the second topology) associated with various aspects of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 1C As shown, in topology 2, the environmental IoT device 131 communicates bidirectionally with an intermediate node 132 (or intermediate device) between the environmental IoT device 131 and the base station 133. In this topology, the intermediate node 132 can be a relay node, IAB node, UE, repeater, etc., with environmental IoT capabilities. The intermediate node 132 transmits environmental IoT data and / or signaling between the BS 133 and the environmental IoT device 131. The environmental IoT device 131 can be an example of the first device 201 below. The intermediate node 132 can be an example of the second device 202 below.

[0103] In light of the foregoing discussion, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a solution for paging messages for devices, such as Ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices. In some embodiments, paging indications and resource indications are designed. In some examples, if the paging indication is scrambled with paging control signaling for receiving the paging message, the paging indication needs to be stored / predefined in the A-IoT device before receiving the paging message. In some embodiments, if the paging indication is explicitly indicated in the paging control signaling or the paging message, the paging indication specifies the message type of the paging message.

[0104] In some embodiments, a paging ID is designed, and in some examples, the paging ID is used to identify a device or a group of devices. Alternatively, in some examples, the paging ID may be carried by a paging message; alternatively, the paging ID may be carried by both paging control signaling and a paging message. In some embodiments, (sub)group indication is designed, for example, criteria and procedures for having / not having network control (sub)group indication are designed.

[0105] In some embodiments, a paging reason for A-IoT is designed. In some examples, the paging reason is carried by the paging message. In some examples, the paging reason can be categorized based on different criteria, such as use case, device behavior, signaling set. In some embodiments, response resources / auxiliary information is designed. In some examples, an association between response resources / auxiliary information and paging reason / paging ID / paging area is proposed. The content of the response resources / auxiliary information can be referred to in the following embodiments. Reference will be made below. Figure 2 Figure 12 details the principles and implementation of embodiments of this disclosure.

[0106] Figure 2 The illustration shows an example signaling diagram illustrating an example process 200 for paging messages of supporting devices (such as A-IoT devices) according to various aspects of this disclosure. Process 200 may involve a first device 201, a second device 202, and a third device 203. An example of the first device 201 may be an A-IoT device. An example of the second device 202 may be a gNB or an intermediate device (e.g., an intermediate UE) between the gNB and the first device 201. An example of the third device 203 may be a network entity, such as an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) or an A-IoT server. Note that if the second device 202 is an intermediate device and the third device 203 is a network entity, then the second device 202 may communicate with the third device 203 via an access network device (e.g., via a gNB) rather than directly with the third device 203. It should be understood that although process 200 is applied to... Figure 1A In the communication environment 100, this process can also be applied to other communication scenarios with similar problems.

[0107] In process 200, the second device 202 may, for example, send a paging message 205 to at least one device via a transceiver of the second device 202. In some examples, the paging message 205 may be associated with first information and include second information. The first information may identify at least one device. The second information may indicate at least one paging reason. One of the at least one devices may be the first device 201. On the side of the first device 201, the first device 201 may, for example, receive the paging message 205 from the second device 202 via a transceiver or the first device 201 itself. If the first information identifies the first device 201, the first device 201 may perform at least one operation based on the second information. For example, the operation may include performing one or more actions or sending a response.

[0108] In some examples, the first information may be included in paging message 205 or paging control signaling for paging message 205, or both. In some examples, the association of paging message 205 with the first information indicates that paging message 205 includes the first information. In other examples, the association of paging message 205 with the first information indicates that paging control signaling for paging message 205 includes the first information.

[0109] In some examples, the first information may include a paging identifier (ID) that identifies at least one device. For example, a paging ID may be used to identify an A-IoT device or a group of A-IoT devices. Specifically, in some examples, the paging ID may identify a device, and the paging ID may include the device's tag ID, or an Electronic Product Code (EPC) ID associated with the device, or a combination of at least a portion of the tag ID and EPC ID, or at least a portion of data stored in an area within the device. In some other examples, the paging ID may identify multiple devices, and the paging ID may include a common portion of the tag IDs of the multiple devices, or a common portion of the EPC IDs of the multiple devices, or a common portion of data stored in an area within the multiple devices, or a class ID or family ID that identifies the multiple devices or multiple products associated with the multiple devices, or an ID that identifies an area or shelf of the multiple devices.

[0110] The paging ID can be carried in the paging message and / or paging control signaling. Specifically, in some examples, the paging ID can be included in the paging control signaling and indicate the device or group of devices. Alternatively, the paging ID can be included in the paging message and indicate the device or group of devices. Alternatively, a first portion of the paging ID is included in the paging control signaling and indicates the group of devices, and a second portion of the paging ID is included in the paging message and indicates the device or subgroup of devices within the group of devices.

[0111] As described above, a paging ID can be included in the paging message. As an example (i), where the paging ID is carried in the paging message and used to identify the device, the paging ID can be the device's tag ID (TID). Alternatively, the paging ID can be the device's EPC ID. Alternatively, the paging ID can be a combination of portions of the tag ID and EPC ID that uniquely identify the device. Alternatively, the paging ID can be a portion of data buffered in a specific storage area of ​​the A-IoT device that uniquely identifies the device, and so on. Alternatively, where the paging ID is carried in the paging message and used to identify a group of devices, the paging ID can be a common portion of the tag ID / EPC ID for the group of devices. Alternatively, the paging ID can be a common portion of data buffered in a specific storage area of ​​the A-IoT devices within the group of devices. Alternatively, the paging ID can be the class ID of the device / product group. Alternatively, the paging ID can be the family ID of the device or product group. Alternatively, the paging ID can be the area ID or shelf ID of the device / product group, and so on.

[0112] As described above, the paging ID can be included in the paging control signaling. As an example (ii), if the paging ID is carried by the paging control signaling, the paging ID can be used to identify a device or a group of devices, and the paging ID design is the same as in example (i) above. As an example (iii), as described above, the first part of the paging ID can be included in the paging control signaling, and the second part of the paging ID can be included in the paging message. For example, if the paging ID is carried by both the paging control signaling and the paging message, a portion of the paging ID can be carried by the (sub)group indication in the paging control signaling indicating device group_1. Different portions of the paging ID can be carried by the paging message indicating either device group_2 or device group_1, where device group_2 is a subset of device group_1.

[0113] It should be noted that the above example (i) can be applied to cases with or without paging control signaling, the above example (ii) can be applied to cases with paging control signaling, and the above example (iii) can be applied to cases with paging control signaling.

[0114] In some examples, the paging ID is included in the paging control signaling, and the first device 201 can receive the paging control signaling from the second device 202, for example, via the transceiver of the first device 201. Based on the paging ID mapping to the ID of the first device 201, the first device 201 can receive or decode the paging message 205. In other words, for example, referring to example (ii), if the paging ID in the paging control signaling is not mapped to the device ID, the device will not receive / decode the paging message.

[0115] In the example above, the paging ID can be used to identify a device or a group of devices. In some other examples, in addition to the paging ID, other information can be used to identify the (sub)group of devices, such as device status, gNB ID, area information, etc. Unpaged device (sub)groups do not need to expend energy to decode additional paging messages. On the other hand, the network can use (sub)group indications to distribute A-IoT devices to avoid collisions. Details will be described below.

[0116] In some examples, the first information may include a status indication identifying at least one device with the same status. For example, the status indication may be an indication of device status (e.g., inventory status). In some examples, device status may be used to identify a group of A-IoT devices with the same status and may be specified independently in a paging message or paging control signaling. In some examples, device status may be used alone or associated with a paging ID. For example, a paging ID and a status indication may be used alone to identify at least one device. As another example, the first information may include a paging ID and a status indication combined to identify at least one device. That is, at least one device can be identified using a specific paging ID and device status.

[0117] In some examples, paging control signaling may include: a group indication designating at least one device as a group, or a subgroup indication designating at least one device as a subgroup of a group. In some examples, the group indication or subgroup indication may include a portion of a paging ID, a status indication (indicating device status, e.g., being counted), or the ID of a network device associated with the group or subgroup of the device, wherein the network device is the second device 202 or another device that sent the paging message 205 to the second device 202. Alternatively or additionally, the group indication or subgroup indication may include the area ID of the group or subgroup of the device. Alternatively or additionally, the group indication or subgroup indication may include a group ID and an associated status indication. Alternatively or additionally, the group indication or subgroup indication may include a group number or a subgroup number. In some other embodiments, the group indication or subgroup indication may include any combination of the above items. It should be noted that the above items associated with a group correspond to a group indication, and similarly, the above items associated with a subgroup correspond to a subgroup indication. For example, a group indication or subgroup indication includes the area ID of the group or subgroup of the device. A group indication or subgroup indication means that the group indication includes the area ID of the group of the device, or that the subgroup indication includes the area ID of the subgroup of the device. For example, the network device mentioned above could be a gNB, and the ID of the network device could be a gNB ID.

[0118] In some examples, the group indication or subgroup indication may be determined based on at least one criterion (e.g., the (sub)group criterion below) 215 of the group or subgroup configured by the third device 203. The (sub)group criterion may be obtained from the network (i.e., the third device 203). In some examples, at least one criterion 215 remains valid until at least one updated criterion is received or the first device is powered down. In some other examples, the group indication or subgroup indication remains valid until an updated group indication or updated subgroup indication is received or the first device 201 is powered down. For example, the network (i.e., the third device 203) may configure the (sub)group criterion and (sub)group indication for the A-IoT device before sending a paging message, and the (sub)group criterion and indication may remain valid until an update is received from the network or until a power outage. In some embodiments, at least one criterion 215 may include the ID of the network device associated with the group or subgroup of the device. The network device may be a second device (in this case, a gNB) or another device (e.g., a gNB) that sends a paging message to the second device (in this case, the second device is an intermediate device). In the example above, the network device is a gNB, and the network device's ID can be the gNB ID. Alternatively, at least one criterion 215 may include the area ID (or area information) of the device's group or subgroup.

[0119] As described above, at least one criterion 215 for a group or subgroup can be configured by a third device 203. In such an example, on the third device 203 side, the third device 203 can determine (207) at least one criterion 215 for a group or subgroup to assign at least one first device 201 to the group or subgroup. The third device 203 can, for example, send (208) at least one criterion 215 and the assignment of at least one first device 201 to the second device 202 via its transceiver. On the second device 202 side, the second device 202 can, for example, receive (209) at least one criterion 215 from the third device 203 via its transceiver, and can, for example, send at least one criterion 215 to the first device 201 via its transceiver.

[0120] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 Example signaling diagram 300 illustrates examples of network control (sub)group indications according to various aspects of this disclosure. A-IoT device 301 may be an example of a first device 201. gNB 302 or an intermediate device (not shown) between A-IoT device 301 and gNB 302 may be an example of a second device 202. Network entity 303 may be an example of a third device 203. Figure 3As shown, at 310, network entity (e.g., AMF, A-IoT server) 303 can determine (310) (sub)group criteria (e.g., gNB ID, area ID) and (sub)group allocation. Network entity 303 can send the determined (sub)group criteria and associated (sub)group allocation to A-IoT device (A-IoT device shown as an example) 301 via gNB 302. Specifically, network entity 303 (e.g., AMF or A-IoT server) can send (320) third information 305 to gNB 302. gNB 302 can receive (330) third information 305 and can then send (340) third information 305 to A-IoT device 301. On the A-IoT device 301 side, A-IoT device 301 can receive (350) third information 305.

[0121] The third information 305 may include (sub)group criteria and a mapping between information of the A-IoT device 301 (e.g., the ID of the A-IoT device 301, such as the TID of the A-IoT device 301) and associated (sub)group assignments. In some examples, network entity 303 may configure multiple criteria and associated assignment results (e.g., the mapping described above) for the A-IoT device. The step of sending the third information 305 from network entity 303 to A-IoT device 301 via gNB 302 may be performed by another paging message different from the current paging message, or after the random access procedure of A-IoT device 301. At 360, when the paging message arrives at gNB 302, gNB 302 may send (370) (sub)group indication 315 to A-IoT device 301 based on the instructions of network entity 303. A-IoT device 301 may receive (380) (sub)group indication 315. In some examples, in Figure 3 During the process, the third information 305 and (sub)group indication 315 can be sent from gNB 302 to A-IoT device 301 via an intermediate device (not shown) between A-IoT device 301 and gNB 302.

[0122] In some embodiments, after receiving paging control signaling including a group indication or a subgroup indication, the first device 201 can compare the group indication or subgroup indication with a stored group or subgroup indication, and then can receive or decode subsequent paging messages based on the comparison (e.g., the comparison result indicates the same). Referring to the above. Figure 3For example, upon receiving a (sub)group indication 315, the A-IoT device 301 compares the (sub)group indication (e.g., gNB ID, area ID, subgroup number, etc.) 315 with its stored data (e.g., the stored group or subgroup indication). If they are mapped, the A-IoT device 301 will decode subsequent paging messages; otherwise, the A-IoT device 301 will not receive / decode the message but will simply extract power from the signaling.

[0123] In some examples, the (sub)group criteria can be owned by the A-IoT device itself and do not need to be obtained from the network (e.g., network entity 303). The network and the device can have the same understanding of the criteria. In some examples, if the A-IoT device stores a predefined sub)group ID for itself, the (sub)group indication can also include the sub)group ID.

[0124] In some examples, the group ID is associated with the state of the first device 201. In such examples, if the group ID is associated with the device state, the group ID needs to be updated after the device state changes. Specifically, in some examples, the network needs to send the updated group ID to the device after the device state changes. For example, based on a change in the state of the first device 201, the second device 202 can send the updated group ID of the first device to the first device 201, for example, via its transceiver. On the first device 201 side, based on the change in the state of the first device 201, the first device 201 can receive the updated group ID of the first device 201.

[0125] In some other examples, the second device 202 may send a mapping rule for status information and group ID to the first device 201, for example, via its transceiver. In some examples, the mapping rule may be configured or pre-configured by the third device 203. For example, the network pre-configures mapping rules for A-IoT devices (e.g., group 1 is associated with the 'inventoried' status, and group 2 is associated with the 'not inventoried' status, where the 'inventoried' and 'not inventoried' statuses can be examples of the states of the first device 201). The second device 202 may receive the mapping rule from the third device 203, for example, via its transceiver, and send the mapping rule to the first device 201, for example, via its transceiver. On the first device 201 side, the first device 201 may receive the mapping rule pre-configured by the third device 203, for example, via the second device 202, and based on changes in the state of the first device, the first device 201 may update its group ID using the mapping rule. For example, A-IoT devices can autonomously change their group ID after their state changes, based on mapping rules.

[0126] In some examples, paging control signaling may include a resource indication that specifies the resources used to receive paging message 205. The resource indication may specify the resources used to receive subsequent paging messages and may be carried by separate paging control signaling. If there is no separate paging control signaling, a resource indication may not be required.

[0127] In some existing solutions, there are two intentions regarding the Paging Radio Network Temporary Identifier (P-RNTI). On one hand, the P-RNTI is used to indicate that this is a paging message. On the other hand, the P-RNTI is used to scramble the Paging Downlink Control Information (DCI), which indicates the resources used to receive the paging message. For A-IoT, a paging indication is also needed to indicate that this is a paging message. As for scrambling, this depends on whether an ID similar to the P-RNTI can be predefined for A-IoT devices. As mentioned above, in existing solutions, there is a Paging DCI indicating the resources used to receive paging content in the paging message. The Paging DCI is separate from the paging message. For A-IoT, the first consideration should be whether to introduce a separate paging control signaling. If a separate paging control signaling exists, a paging resource indication similar to the Paging DCI in existing solutions can also be introduced.

[0128] Unlike existing solutions, in the solution disclosed herein, as described above, the first device 201 can receive paging control signaling for paging message 205 from the second device 202, for example, via its transceiver. In some examples, the paging control signaling may include a paging indication indicating the message type of paging message 205, for example, indicating that it is a paging message. In some other examples, the paging indication indicating the message type of paging message 205 may be included in paging message 205, for example, the paging indication is included in either the paging control signaling or paging message 205, and indicates that it is a paging message. In this way, the paging indication for A-IoT is explicitly indicated in the paging control signaling or paging message. In such examples, the paging indication does not need to be pre-stored / predefined in the A-IoT device, and the paging indication for A-IoT cannot be used to scramble with the paging control signaling.

[0129] In some other examples, the paging indication for the first device 201 (e.g., an A-IoT device) can be scrambled with paging control signaling received for paging message 205. In such examples, the first device 201 may store or predefine the paging indication (e.g., in the form of an ID) before receiving paging message 205. The first device 201 may compare the stored or predefined paging indication with the paging indication scrambled with paging control signaling for paging message 205, and receive paging message 205 based on the comparison (e.g., if they are the same).

[0130] In some examples, the second information may include at least one paging reason. The paging reason may be carried by paging message 205 and may be categorized into various types based on different criteria (e.g., use cases, device behavior, and signaling sets). With the paging reason information, the A-IoT device can know what to do next when it receives a paging message.

[0131] In some examples, the second information may include a first paging reason associated with inventory. The first paging reason indicates that the inventory status of at least one device will be changed, or that the ID of at least one device will be reported. Alternatively, a second paging reason may be associated with at least one sensor. The second paging reason indicates that sensor data stored in at least one device will be sent. Alternatively, a third paging reason may be associated with location. The third paging reason indicates that a location request will be responded to. Alternatively, a fourth paging reason may be associated with at least one command. The fourth paging reason indicates that at least one action in response to at least one command will be performed.

[0132] For example, the paging reason is categorized according to the use case of the first device 201 (e.g., inventory, sensor, location, command, etc.), and the second information may include one of the following reasons: An inventory paging reason may be an example of a first paging reason. For example, upon receiving a paging message with an inventory paging reason, the A-IoT device may change its inventory status for paging the gNB and / or initiate random access to report its device ID to the network. A sensor paging reason may be an example of a second paging reason. For example, upon receiving a paging message with a sensor paging reason, the A-IoT device may initiate random access to send its stored sensor data associated with its device ID to the network. A location paging reason may be an example of a third paging reason. For example, upon receiving a paging message with a location paging reason, the A-IoT device may initiate random access in response to a location request. A command paging reason may be an example of a fourth paging reason. For example, upon receiving a paging message with a command paging reason, the A-IoT device may act according to the instructions of a command.

[0133] In some examples, the second information may include a fifth paging reason associated with the response. The fifth paging reason indicates that the required information will be responded to by the second device 202. Alternatively, a sixth paging reason is associated with at least one action for which there is no response. The sixth paging reason indicates that at least one action will be performed but will not result in a response from the second device 202. Alternatively, a seventh paging reason is associated with at least one action for which there is a response. The seventh paging reason indicates that at least one action will be performed and the response associated with the at least one action will result in a response from the second device 202.

[0134] For example, the paging reason is categorized according to the expected device behavior of the first device 201 (e.g., whether to respond, required action, etc.), and the second information may include one of the following reasons. A response paging reason (an example of a fifth paging reason) may instruct the A-IoT device to initiate random access to respond to the paging gNB with the required information (e.g., device ID, sensor data, ACK / NACK, etc.). In such an example, upon receiving a response paging reason, the device initiates random access to respond to the paging gNB with the required information (e.g., device ID, sensor data, ACK / NACK, etc.). The required information may also be indicated in the paging message 205. An action rather than a response paging reason (an example of a sixth paging reason) may instruct the A-IoT device to perform the required action (e.g., change state, store data, etc.) without responding.

[0135] In such examples, when an action is received but no paging reason is responded to, the A-IoT device performs the required action (e.g., changes state, stores data, etc.) without responding. In some examples, the required action is also indicated in paging message 205. The action and the paging reason (an example of a seventh paging reason) can instruct the A-IoT device to perform the required action and initiate random access in response to the required information. In such examples, when a paging message with an action and a paging reason is received, the A-IoT device performs the required action and initiates random access in response to the required information. In some examples, the required action and the required response information can also be indicated in paging message 205.

[0136] In some examples, the second information may include an eighth paging reason associated with a read operation, wherein the eighth paging reason indicates that the required data in the area of ​​at least one device will be sent to the second device 202. Alternatively, a ninth paging reason may be associated with a write operation, wherein the ninth paging reason indicates that data from the second device 202 will be written to the area of ​​at least one device. Alternatively, a tenth paging reason may be associated with an erase operation, wherein the tenth paging reason indicates that data stored in the area of ​​at least one device will be deleted. In some examples, the tenth paging reason may also indicate that a response associated with an erase operation will be given to the second device 202. In some examples, paging reasons are divided according to the signaling set of the first device 201 (e.g., read, write, or erase, etc.), and the second information may include one of the following reasons. A read paging reason is an example of an eighth paging reason.

[0137] Upon receiving a paging message with a read paging reason, the A-IoT device initiates random access and sends the required data to the paging gNB. The required data to be read (which may be indicated by an address) is also indicated in the paging message. A write paging reason is an example of the ninth paging reason. Upon receiving a paging message with a write paging reason, the A-IoT device initiates random access, retrieves the data to be written from the gNB, and then stores the data in its memory at the indicated address. The address used to store the data can be indicated in the paging message. An erase paging reason can be an example of the tenth paging reason. Upon receiving a paging message with an erase paging reason, the A-IoT device deletes the indicated data from its storage and, optionally, initiates random access in response to ACK / NACK when the network requires it. The address indicating the data to be deleted can also be indicated in the paging message.

[0138] In some examples, if the paged device (e.g., first device 201) needs to respond to the network (e.g., gNB), the paging message needs to include response resources and auxiliary information. In this case, in some examples, paging message 205 may include response resources, wherein the response resources indicate resources for sending at least one of the first message to second device 202 or a subsequent response after the first message. In some examples, the first message may be Msg1 sent from an A-IoT device to the gNB. In some examples, paging message 205 may include auxiliary information, wherein the auxiliary information indicates: the ID of the paging network device (e.g., gNB). The paging network device is second device 202 or another device that sends the paging message to second device 202. Alternatively or additionally, the auxiliary information indicates resources for receiving the second message from the paging network device. Alternatively or additionally, the auxiliary information indicates configuration-related access control for accessing the paging network device. Alternatively or additionally, the auxiliary information indicates a time window or response time (i.e., an additional time window / response time) for sending a response to the paging network device. If the device is allowed to randomly select resources within a resource pool, an additional time window / response time can be configured to require the device (e.g., an A-IoT device) to respond within that time window. In some examples, the second message could be Msg2 sent from the gNB to the A-IoT device (if the resource used to receive Msg2 is not bound to the resource of Msg1).

[0139] In some examples, a response resource may be associated with one of the following: paging reason, paging ID, or paging area; alternatively, the response resource may be common to multiple paging reasons, paging IDs, or paging areas. In some examples, auxiliary information may be associated with one of the following: paging reason, paging ID, or paging area; alternatively, the auxiliary information may be common to multiple paging reasons, paging IDs, or paging areas. For example, response resources and / or auxiliary information may be associated with a specific paging reason (e.g., paging reason response, paging reason inventory, etc.), with a specific paging ID (i.e., device or group of devices), or with a specific paging area, or may be common to different paging reasons, paging IDs, and paging areas.

[0140] Figure 4 An example of a device 400 supporting paging messages for A-IoT according to various aspects of this disclosure is illustrated. Device 400 may be an example of a UE 104 as described herein. Device 400 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UE 104, core network element 103, or any combination thereof. Device 400 may include components for bidirectional communication, including components for sending and receiving communications, such as processor 402, memory 404, transceiver 406, and optional I / O controller 408. These components may communicate electronically or be otherwise coupled (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more interfaces (e.g., bus).

[0141] Processor 402, memory 404, transceiver 406, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components used to perform various aspects of the present disclosure described herein. For example, processor 402, memory 404, transceiver 406, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the operations described herein.

[0142] In some implementations, processor 402, memory 404, transceiver 406, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuitry system). The hardware may include a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, configured to or otherwise supporting components for performing the functions described in this disclosure. In some implementations, processor 402 and memory 404 coupled to processor 402 may be configured to perform one or more functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in memory 404 by processor 402).

[0143] For example, according to the examples disclosed herein, processor 402 may support wireless communication at device 400. In some examples, processor 402 may be configured to support components for receiving a paging message from a second device, wherein the paging message is associated with first information and includes second information, wherein the first information identifies at least one device and the second information indicates at least one paging reason; and components for performing at least one operation based on the second information if the first information identifies the first device. Processor 402 may be configured to support other components for other implementations of method 1000. In some other examples, processor 402 may be configured to support components for sending a paging message to at least one device, wherein the paging message is associated with first information and includes second information, wherein the first information identifies at least one device and the second information indicates at least one paging reason. Processor 402 may be configured to support other components for other implementations of method 1100. In some other examples, processor 402 may be configured to support components for determining at least one criterion for assigning at least one first device to a group or subgroup; and components for sending at least one criterion and the assignment of at least one first device to a group or subgroup to a second device. Processor 402 may be configured to support other components for other implementations of method 1200.

[0144] Processor 402 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, processor 402 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In some other implementations, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 402. Processor 402 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 404) to cause device 400 to perform various functions of this disclosure.

[0145] Memory 404 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 404 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code, including instructions that, when executed by processor 402, cause device 400 to perform the various functions described herein. This code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executed by processor 402, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some implementations, memory 404 may include a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0146] I / O controller 408 can manage input and output signals for device 400. I / O controller 408 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device M02. In some implementations, I / O controller 408 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some implementations, I / O controller 408 can utilize an operating system such as iOS®, Android®, MS Windows®, OS / 2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or another known operating system. In some implementations, I / O controller 408 can be implemented as part of a processor, such as processor 402. In some implementations, a user can interact with device 400 via I / O controller 408 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 408.

[0147] In some implementations, device 400 may include a single antenna 410. However, in other implementations, device 400 may have more than one antenna 410 (i.e., multiple antennas), including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be able to transmit or receive multiple wireless transmissions concurrently. Transceiver 406 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 410, wired or wireless links, as described herein. For example, transceiver 406 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 406 may also include a modem for modulating packets, providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 410 for transmission, and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 410. Transceiver 406 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.

[0148] The transmission chain can be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). The transmission chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. At least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques, such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or digital modulation schemes such as phase shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The transmission chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over a wireless medium. The transmission chain may also include one or more antennas 410 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

[0149] The receiver chain can be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) via a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain may include one or more antennas 410 for receiving signals over the air or via a wireless medium. The receiver chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the received signal and acquire transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during signal transmission. The receiver chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0150] Figure 5 An example of a processor 500 supporting paging messages for A-IoT according to aspects of this disclosure is shown. Processor 500 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations according to the examples described herein. Processor 500 may include a controller 502 configured to perform various operations according to the examples described herein. Processor 500 may optionally include at least one memory 504. Additionally or alternatively, processor 500 may optionally include one or more arithmetic logic units (ALUs) 506. One or more of these components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled (e.g., operative ground, communicative ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses).

[0151] Processor 500 may be a processor chipset and includes a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receive, acquire, retrieve, send, output, forward, store, determine, identify, access, write, read) according to the examples described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to the processor chipset or included in the processor chipset (e.g., processor 500)) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetic RAM (MRAM), resistive RAM (RRAM), flash memory, phase-change memory (PCM), etc.).

[0152] Controller 502 can be configured to manage and coordinate various operations of processor 500 (e.g., signaling, receiving, acquiring, retrieving, sending, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, and reading) to enable processor 500 to support various operations according to the examples described herein. For example, controller 502 can operate as a control unit of processor 500, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of processor 500. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory accesses, and coordinating the timing of operations.

[0153] Controller 502 can be configured to fetch (e.g., fetch, retrieve, receive) instructions from memory 504 and determine subsequent instructions(s) to be executed, enabling processor 500 to support various operations according to the examples described herein. Controller 502 can be configured to track the memory addresses of instructions associated with memory 504. Controller 502 can be configured to decode instructions to determine the operations to be performed and the operands involved. For example, controller 502 can be configured to interpret instructions and determine control signals to be output to other components of processor 500, enabling processor 500 to support various operations according to the examples described herein. Additionally or alternatively, controller 502 can be configured to manage data flow within processor 500. Controller 502 can be configured to control data transfers between registers, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), and other functional units of processor 500.

[0154] Memory 504 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to processor 500 or included in processor 500) or other memories such as RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementations, memory 504 may reside within or on the processor chipset (e.g., locally to processor 500). In some other implementations, memory 504 may reside outside the processor chipset (e.g., remotely from processor 500).

[0155] Memory 504 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code, including instructions that, when executed by processor 500, cause processor 500 to perform the various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. Controller 502 and / or processor 500 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory 504 to cause processor 500 to perform various functions (e.g., supporting transmit power priority functions or tasks). For example, processor 500 and / or controller 502 may be coupled to or coupled to memory 504, and processor 500, controller 502, and memory 504 may be configured to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, processor 500 may include multiple processors, and memory 504 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein.

[0156] One or more ALU 506s can be configured to support various operations as described in the examples herein. In some implementations, one or more ALU 506s may reside within or on the processor chipset (e.g., processor 500). In some other implementations, one or more ALU 506s may reside outside the processor chipset (e.g., processor 500). One or more ALU 506s can perform one or more operations on data, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. For example, one or more ALU 506s can receive input operands and opcodes that determine the operation to be performed. One or more ALU 506s are configured with various logic and arithmetic circuitry, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate data according to the operations. Alternatively or concurrently, one or more ALU506s may support logical operations such as AND, OR, XOR, NOR, and NAND, enabling one or more ALU506s to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.

[0157] According to the examples disclosed herein, processor 500 may support wireless communication. In some examples, processor 502 may be configured or operable to support components for receiving a paging message from a second device, wherein the paging message is associated with first information and includes second information, wherein the first information identifies at least one device and the second information indicates at least one paging reason; and components for performing at least one operation based on the second information if the first information identifies the first device. Processor 500 may be configured or operable to support other components for other implementations of method 1000. In some other examples, processor 502 may be configured or operable to support components for sending a paging message to at least one device, wherein the paging message is associated with first information and includes second information, wherein the first information identifies at least one device and the second information indicates at least one paging reason. Processor 500 may be configured or operable to support other components for other implementations of method 1100. In some other examples, processor 502 may be configured or operable to support components for determining at least one criterion for assigning at least one first device to a group or subgroup; and components for sending at least one criterion and the assignment of at least one first device to a group or subgroup to a second device. Processor 500 may be configured or operable to support other components for other implementations of method 1200.

[0158] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating a method 600 supporting paging messages for a device (such as an A-IoT device) according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 600 can be implemented by the device or components thereof described herein. For example, operation of method 600 can be performed by a first device 201 described herein. In some implementations, the device can execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Alternatively or concurrently, the device can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0159] At 605, the method includes: receiving a paging message from a second device, wherein the paging message is associated with first information and includes second information, wherein the first information identifies at least one device, and the second information indicates at least one paging reason. The operation of 605 can be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 605 can be derived from references... Figure 1A The device described herein performs the operation.

[0160] At 610, the method may include: performing at least one operation based on second information, provided that the first information identifies the first device. The operation at 610 can be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation at 610 may be derived from references... Figure 1A The device described herein performs the operation.

[0161] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating a method 700 supporting paging messages for a device (such as an A-IoT device) according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 700 can be implemented by the device or components thereof described herein. For example, operation of method 700 can be performed by a second device 202 described herein. In some implementations, the device can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Alternatively or concurrently, the device can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0162] At 705, the method includes: sending a paging message to at least one device via a transceiver, wherein the paging message is associated with first information and includes second information, wherein the first information identifies at least one device and the second information indicates at least one paging reason. The operation of 705 can be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 705 can be derived from references... Figure 1A The device described herein performs the operation.

[0163] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating a method 800 supporting paging messages for a device (such as an A-IoT device) according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 800 can be implemented by the device or components thereof described herein. For example, operation of method 800 can be performed by a third device 203 described herein. In some implementations, the device can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Alternatively or concurrently, the device can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0164] At 805, the method includes: determining at least one criterion for assigning at least one first device to a group or subgroup. The operation of 805 can be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 805 can be derived from references... Figure 1A The device described herein performs the operation.

[0165] At point 810, the method may include: sending at least one criterion to a second device and at least one first device to an allocation of a group or subgroup. The operation of 810 can be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 810 may be derived from references... Figure 1A The device described herein performs the operation.

[0166] It should be noted that the methods described in this paper describe possible implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are also possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods can be combined.

[0167] The various illustrative blocks and components disclosed herein can be implemented or executed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0168] The functions described herein can be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwired, or any combination thereof. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that portions of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0169] Computer-readable media include both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, with communication media including any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.

[0170] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” preceding an element is unrestricted and should be understood to refer to “at least one” or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” are interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, the use of “or” in a list of items (e.g., a list of items beginning with phrases such as “at least one of…” or “one or more of…” or “one or two of…”) indicates an inclusive list, such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase “based on” should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as “based on condition A” without departing from the scope of this disclosure could be based on both condition A and condition B. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase “at least partially based on.” Furthermore, as used herein, including in the claims, “set” can include one or more elements.

[0171] The description provided herein is intended to enable those skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A first device, comprising: processor; as well as A transceiver, which is coupled to the processor, The processor is configured as follows: A paging message is received from a second device via the transceiver, wherein the paging message is associated with first information and includes second information, wherein the first information identifies at least one device and the second information indicates at least one paging reason; as well as If the first information identifies the first device, at least one operation is performed based on the second information.

2. The first device of claim 1, wherein the first information is included in at least one of the paging message or paging control signaling for the paging message, and wherein the first information includes one of the following: The paging identifier ID identifies the at least one device; A status indication identifying the at least one device having the same state; or The paging ID and the status indication are combined to identify the at least one device.

3. The first device according to claim 2, wherein the paging control signaling includes: The at least one device is designated as a group indication of a group; or The at least one device is designated as a subgroup designation of a subgroup of a group.

4. The first device according to claim 2, wherein the paging ID identifies the device, and wherein the paging ID includes one of the following: The device's tag ID; The Electronic Product Code (EPC ID) associated with the device; A combination of at least a portion of the tag ID and the EPC ID; or At least a portion of the data stored in a region of the device.

5. The first device according to claim 2, wherein the paging ID identifies a plurality of devices, and wherein the paging ID includes one of the following: The common part of the tag IDs of the multiple devices; The common portion of the EPC IDs of the multiple devices; The common portion of the data stored in the areas of the multiple devices; A class ID or family ID that identifies the plurality of devices or the plurality of products associated with the plurality of devices; The ID that identifies the area or shelf of the multiple devices.

6. The first device of claim 3, wherein the group indication or the subgroup indication comprises at least one of the following: The paging ID portion; The status indication; The ID of a network device associated with a group or subgroup of devices, wherein the network device is the second device or another device that sends the paging message to the second device; Group number or subgroup number; The region ID of the device's group or subgroup; or Group ID and associated status indication.

7. The first device of claim 3, wherein the group indication or the subgroup indication is determined based on at least one criterion of a group or subgroup configured by the third device, wherein the at least one criterion includes (i) the ID of a network device associated with the group or subgroup of the device, wherein the network device is the second device or another device that sends the paging message to the second device; or (ii) the area ID of the group or subgroup of the device; and in: The at least one criterion remains valid until at least one updated criterion is received or the first device is powered off. or The group indication or the subgroup indication remains valid until an updated group indication or an updated subgroup indication is received or the first device is powered off.

8. The first device according to claim 2, wherein one of the following: The paging ID is included in the paging control signaling and indicates the device or group of devices; The paging ID is included in the paging message and indicates the device or a group of devices; or The first part of the paging ID is included in the paging control signaling and indicates the group of devices, and the second part of the paging ID is included in the paging message and indicates the device or subgroup of devices in the group of devices.

9. The first device according to claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to: Based on the change in the state of the first device, receive the updated group ID of the first device; or Based on the change in the state of the first device, the group ID of the first device is updated using the mapping rule between the state indication and the group ID.

10. The first device according to claim 9, wherein the processor is further configured to: The mapping rules configured or pre-configured by the third device are received via the second device.

11. The first device of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: receive paging control signaling for the paging message from the second device via the transceiver, and wherein the paging control signaling includes at least one of the following: A resource indication indicating the resources used to receive the paging message; or A paging indication that indicates the message type of the paging message.

12. The first device according to claim 1, wherein the second information includes one of the following: A first paging reason associated with inventory, wherein the first paging reason indicates that the inventory status of the at least one device will be changed, or that the ID of the at least one device will be reported; A second paging reason associated with at least one sensor, wherein the second paging reason indicates that sensor data stored in the at least one device will be sent; A third paging reason associated with location, wherein the third paging reason indicates that a location request will be responded to; or A fourth paging reason associated with at least one command, wherein the fourth paging reason indicates that at least one action in response to the at least one command will be performed.

13. The first device according to claim 1, wherein the second information includes one of the following: A fifth paging reason associated with the response, wherein the fifth paging reason indicates the information required to respond to the second device; A sixth paging reason associated with at least one action that has not been responded to, wherein the sixth paging reason indicates that the at least one action will be performed but will not respond to the second device; or A seventh paging reason associated with at least one action having a response, wherein the seventh paging reason indicates that the at least one action will be performed and that a response associated with the at least one action will be given to the second device.

14. The first device according to claim 1, wherein the second information includes one of the following: An eighth paging reason associated with a read operation, wherein the eighth paging reason indicates that the required data in the area of ​​the at least one device will be sent to the second device; A ninth paging reason associated with a write operation, wherein the ninth paging reason indicates that data from the second device will be written to the area of ​​the at least one device; or A tenth paging reason associated with the erasure operation, wherein the tenth paging reason indicates that data stored in the area of ​​the at least one device will be deleted.

15. The first device of claim 1, wherein the paging message further includes a response resource, wherein the response resource indicates a resource for sending the first message to the second device or for at least one of a subsequent response following the first message.

16. The first device according to claim 15, wherein: The response resource is associated with one of the following: paging reason, paging ID, or paging area; or The response resource is public for multiple paging reasons, paging IDs, or paging areas.

17. The first device of claim 1, wherein the paging message further includes auxiliary information, wherein the auxiliary information indicates at least one of the following: The ID of the paging network device, wherein the paging network device is the second device or another device that sends the paging message to the second device; Resources used to receive a second message from the paging network device; Access control for accessing the paging network device via configuration association; or The time window or response time used to send a response to the paging network device.

18. The first device according to claim 17, wherein: The auxiliary information is associated with one of the following: paging reason, paging ID, or paging area; or The auxiliary information is common to multiple paging reasons, paging IDs, or paging areas.

19. A second device, comprising: processor; as well as A transceiver, which is coupled to the processor, The processor is configured as follows: A paging message is sent to at least one device via a transceiver, wherein the paging message is associated with first information and includes second information, wherein the first information identifies the at least one device and the second information indicates at least one paging reason.

20. A third device, comprising: processor; as well as A transceiver, which is coupled to the processor, The processor is configured as follows: Determine at least one criterion for a group or subgroup to assign at least one first device to the group or subgroup; and The at least one criterion and the at least one first device are sent to the group or the subgroup via the transceiver.

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