Black soil damage prevention device based on meteorological soil crop engineering fusion decision

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of soil treatment, and discloses a black soil damage prevention and treatment device based on meteorological soil crop engineering fusion decision, which comprises a mainframe, side plates fixedly connected to the two sides of the mainframe, a protective shell fixedly connected to the top of the mainframe, a fixing cylinder fixedly connected to one end of the protective shell, the protective shell and the fixing cylinder both serving the protection function, a transmission power conversion mechanism arranged at the other end of the protective shell, a transmission mechanism arranged in the protective shell, the transmission mechanism being used for transmitting power to the device, and an automatic cleaning mechanism arranged at the bottom end of the mainframe. Through linkage cooperation of the transmission power conversion mechanism and the automatic cleaning mechanism, the knife shaft and the rotary tiller can be cleaned, the transmission power conversion mechanism and the automatic cleaning mechanism are pure mechanical structures, the structure is simple, a control system is not needed, the cost is relatively low, maintenance is convenient, and then the equipment cost and the equipment maintenance cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil remediation technology, specifically to a black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making. Background Technology

[0002] Black soil degradation prevention devices based on integrated decision-making involving meteorology, soil, crops, and engineering rely on multi-source data monitoring and engineering-agricultural machinery linkage as their core technologies. They integrate meteorological stations, soil moisture sensors, and crop monitoring terminals to collect data such as precipitation, wind speed, soil moisture, and crop residues. After platform integration and analysis, the data is sent to terminals such as rotary tillers and ridge builders to perform operations such as contour rotary tillage, straw return to the field, and shallow ditch ridge building. This achieves integrated prevention and control of water erosion interception, wind erosion protection, and soil fertility restoration on sloping farmland, reducing black soil degradation. In summary, there are various prevention and control devices, and rotary tillers, as the terminal in these devices, are indispensable.

[0003] There are various existing black soil damage prevention and control devices based on the fusion of meteorological, soil, and crop engineering decision-making. Among them, the rotary tiller is the terminal device in the prevention and control device, and therefore it comes into direct contact with the soil, crop straw, etc. After use, soil, straw debris and other impurities are left on the blade shaft and rotary blades. The impurities left on the blade shaft and rotary blades are prone to rust, so cleaning is required after operation. At present, rotary tillers do not have an automatic cleaning mechanism, or automatic cleaning requires an additional power unit and an additional control system, which makes the structure complex and maintenance difficult, thus leading to an increase in equipment and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a black soil damage prevention and control device based on the fusion of meteorological, soil, and crop engineering decision-making. This solves the problem that existing prevention and control devices often lack a cleaning mechanism in the rotary tiller, or have a complex cleaning mechanism that is difficult to maintain, leading to increased equipment and maintenance costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, and crop engineering integrated decision-making, comprising a main frame, side plates fixedly connected to both sides of the main frame, a protective shell fixedly connected to the top of the main frame, a fixing cylinder fixedly connected to one end of the protective shell, both the protective shell and the fixing cylinder serving a protective function, a transmission power conversion mechanism provided at the other end of the protective shell, a transmission mechanism provided inside the protective shell for transmitting power to the device, an automatic cleaning mechanism provided at the bottom of the main frame, the transmission power conversion mechanism for transmitting power to the automatic cleaning mechanism, and a three-point suspension frame fixedly connected to the top of the main frame for connecting the device to agricultural machinery.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a transmission rod rotatably connected to the outside of the protective shell. One end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to a driving bevel gear, and the other end is fixedly connected to a universal drive shaft. A rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the fixed cylinder. One end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a driven bevel gear. A cutter shaft is rotatably connected between the bottoms of the two side plates. Multiple rotary tillers are detachably connected to the outside of the cutter shaft. A chain is sleeved between the other end of the rotating rod and one end of the cutter shaft. The driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are meshed together.

[0007] Preferably, the power conversion mechanism includes a stabilizing cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame. A fixed base is fixedly connected to the end of the protective shell away from the fixed cylinder. A rotating column is rotatably connected inside the stabilizing cylinder. A push spring is installed inside the rotating column. A hexagonal limiting block is slidably connected inside the rotating column. A movable rod is fixedly connected to the end of the hexagonal limiting block away from the push spring. A fixed frame is rotatably connected to the outside of the movable rod. A sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed frame. A hexagonal prism is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod away from the hexagonal limiting block. Two fixed rods are fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding sleeve. A rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed rod. A torsion spring is installed inside the rotating sleeve. A locking head is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating sleeve. A push handle is fixedly connected to one end of the locking head. A locking ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the stabilizing cylinder. A slot is opened inside the rotating rod near the power conversion mechanism, and the hexagonal prism is inserted into the slot.

[0008] Preferably, the automatic cleaning mechanism includes a fixed plate, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame. A pump head is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed plate away from the transmission power conversion mechanism. The input shaft of the pump head is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating column away from the fixed cylinder. A liquid suction pipe is fixedly connected to the input end of the pump head. A water pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main frame. Multiple nozzles are fixedly connected to the bottom of the water pipe. A rotating protection plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the main frame. Hanging rods are fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating protection plate. A sliding groove is formed on the outer wall of the side plate. The hanging rod is slidably connected inside the sliding groove. An arc-shaped cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer side of one of the side plates. An arc-shaped tension spring is provided inside the arc-shaped cylinder. A limit switch is slidably connected inside the arc-shaped cylinder. The system includes a stop block, a push-pull rod fixedly connected to the top of the stop block, an end of the push-pull rod away from the stop block fixedly connected to the outside of one of the hanging rods, a water outlet pipe fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped cylinder, a liquid passage pipe fixedly connected to the outside of the arc-shaped cylinder, a connecting pipe fixedly connected to the other end of the liquid passage pipe, a bottom end of the connecting pipe fixedly connected to the top of the water passage pipe, a main water tank fixedly connected to one end of the top of the main frame, a secondary water tank fixedly connected to the other end of the top of the main frame, the main water tank and the secondary water tank connected by a pipe, a suction pipe located inside the main water tank, a water injection pipe fixedly connected to the top of the main water tank, and a baffle fixedly connected to the bottom of the main frame.

[0009] Preferably, a mudguard is detachably connected to the side of the main frame away from the universal drive shaft, and a protective box is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the side plates, with the chain disposed inside the protective box.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the push spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating column, and the other end of the push spring is fixedly connected to the end of the hexagonal limiting block away from the movable rod.

[0011] Preferably, the movable rod is slidably connected to one end of the rotating column near the fixed cylinder, and the inner side of the sliding sleeve is slidably connected between the fixed seat and the stabilizing cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating sleeve, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed rod.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the arc-shaped tension spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the arc-shaped cylinder, and the other end of the arc-shaped tension spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting block.

[0014] Preferably, the push-pull rod passes through the top of the other end of the arc-shaped cylinder, and the top of the water injection pipe is threadedly connected with a threaded cap.

[0015] This invention provides a black soil damage prevention and control device based on a fusion decision-making system integrating meteorology, soil science, and crop engineering. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through the linkage of the transmission power conversion mechanism and the automatic cleaning mechanism, can use the power of the rotary tiller as the power for automatic cleaning to clean the cutter shaft and rotary blades. Therefore, no other power unit is required. At the same time, the transmission power conversion mechanism and the automatic cleaning mechanism are purely mechanical structures with simple structures and no need for a control system, thus reducing costs and maintenance costs.

[0016] 2. This invention enables automatic cleaning of the blade shaft and rotary tiller blades through a transmission power conversion mechanism and an automatic cleaning mechanism. Furthermore, the different directions of the nozzles allow for comprehensive cleaning of the blade shaft and rotary tiller blades while the blades are rotating. Therefore, manual cleaning is unnecessary, saving time and effort, improving cleaning efficiency, and reducing the workload of workers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 The three-dimensional representation of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The three-dimensional representation of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective shell of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slot structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding sleeve of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stabilizing cylinder of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating column of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating sleeve of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the arc-shaped cylinder of the present invention.

[0018] The components include: 1. Main frame; 2. Side plate; 3. Protective shell; 4. Fixing cylinder; 5. Transmission mechanism; 501. Transmission rod; 502. Driving bevel gear; 503. Protective box; 504. Rotating rod; 505. Driven bevel gear; 506. Universal drive shaft; 507. Blade shaft; 508. Rotary tiller blade; 509. Chain; 6. Transmission power conversion mechanism; 601. Stabilizing cylinder; 602. Fixing base; 603. Rotating column; 604. Push spring; 605. Hexagonal limit block; 606. Movable rod; 607. Fixing frame; 608. Sliding sleeve; 609. Hexagonal column; 610. Fixing rod; 611. Rotating sleeve; 61 2. Torsion spring; 613. Engaging head; 614. Press handle; 615. Engaging ring; 616. Slot; 7. Automatic cleaning mechanism; 701. Fixing plate; 702. Pump head; 703. Liquid extraction pipe; 704. Water supply pipe; 705. Nozzle; 706. Rotation protection plate; 707. Hanging rod; 708. Slide groove; 709. Arc-shaped cylinder; 710. Arc-shaped tension spring; 711. Limit stop; 712. Push-pull rod; 713. Water outlet pipe; 714. Liquid supply pipe; 715. Connecting pipe; 716. Main water tank; 717. Auxiliary water tank; 718. Water injection pipe; 719. Baffle; 8. Three-point suspension bracket; 9. Mudguard. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 11 This invention provides a black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making. It includes a main frame 1, with side plates 2 fixedly connected to both sides of the main frame 1, providing installation positions. A protective shell 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame 1, with a fixing cylinder 4 fixedly connected to one end of the protective shell 3. Both the protective shell 3 and the fixing cylinder 4 provide protection. A transmission power conversion mechanism 6 is provided at the other end of the protective shell 3, and a transmission mechanism 5 is provided inside the protective shell 3 to transmit power to the device. An automatic cleaning mechanism 7 is provided at the bottom of the main frame 1, and the transmission power conversion mechanism 6 transmits power to the automatic cleaning mechanism 7. A three-point suspension frame 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame 1 for connecting the device to agricultural machinery.

[0021] The transmission mechanism 5 includes a transmission rod 501, which transmits power. The transmission rod 501 is rotatably connected to the outside of the protective shell 3. One end of the transmission rod 501 is fixedly connected to a driving bevel gear 502, and the other end is fixedly connected to a universal drive shaft 506. A rotating rod 504 is rotatably connected inside the fixed cylinder 4. The rotating rod 504 transmits power, and one end of the rotating rod 504 is fixedly connected to a driven bevel gear 505. The driving bevel gear 502 can drive the driven bevel gear 505. The wheel 505 rotates, which in turn drives the rotating rod 504 to rotate. A cutter shaft 507 is rotatably connected between the bottoms of the two side plates 2. Multiple rotary tillers 508 are detachably connected to the outside of the cutter shaft 507. A chain 509 is sleeved between the other end of the rotating rod 504 and one end of the cutter shaft 507. The rotating rod 504 drives the cutter shaft 507 to rotate through the chain 509, thus driving the rotary tillers 508 to rotate. The driving bevel gear 502 and the driven bevel gear 505 are meshed. The main frame 1 is detachably connected to a mudguard 9 on the side away from the universal drive shaft 506. A protective box 503 is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the side plates 2. A chain 509 is set inside the protective box 503, connecting one end of the universal drive shaft 506 to the output end of the agricultural machine. When the output end of the agricultural machine rotates, it can drive the universal drive shaft 506 to rotate. The rotation of the universal drive shaft 506 can drive the transmission rod 501 to rotate, which in turn can drive the active bevel gear 502 to rotate. The active bevel gear 502 can drive the driven bevel gear 505 to rotate. The driven bevel gear 505 can drive the rotating rod 504 to rotate. After the rotating rod 504 rotates, it drives the blade shaft 507 to rotate through the chain 509. After the blade shaft 507 rotates, it can drive multiple rotary tillers 508 to rotate. After the rotary tillers 508 rotate, they can perform shallow tillage, straw mixing and deep loosening operations. By controlling the micro-topography of the ground and the stubble cover, targeted prevention and control of water erosion, wind erosion and soil degradation can be achieved.

[0022] The power transmission conversion mechanism 6 includes a stabilizing cylinder 601, which provides the mounting position and is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame 1. A fixing seat 602 is fixedly connected to the end of the protective shell 3 away from the fixing cylinder 4, providing the mounting position. A rotating column 603 is rotatably connected inside the stabilizing cylinder 601. The rotating column 603 provides the mounting position and also transmits power. A push spring 604 is installed inside the rotating column 603, and a hexagonal limiting block 605 is slidably connected inside the rotating column 603. The hexagonal limiting block 605 has a limiting function and can also drive the rotating column 603 to rotate. A movable rod 606 is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod 606 away from the push spring 604. The movable rod 606 provides rotational power. A fixed frame 607 is rotatably connected to the outside of the movable rod 606. A sliding sleeve 608 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed frame 607. The fixed frame 607 connects the movable rod 606 and the sliding sleeve 608, and the sliding sleeve 608 can drive the movable rod 606 to move. A hexagonal prism 609 is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod 606 away from the hexagonal limiting block 605. Two fixed rods 610 are fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding sleeve 608. The fixed rods 610 provide installation positions. A rotating sleeve 611 is rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed rods 610. The sleeve 611 has a torsion spring 612 inside. A locking head 613 is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating sleeve 611. A push handle 614 is fixedly connected to one end of the locking head 613. Pressing the push handle 614 can cause the locking head 613 to tilt up. A locking ring 615 is fixedly connected to the outside of the stabilizing cylinder 601. The locking head 613 can lock onto the locking ring 615, thereby keeping the sliding sleeve 608 away from the fixed cylinder 4. A slot 616 is opened inside the end of the rotating rod 504 near the transmission power conversion mechanism 6. After the hexagonal column 609 is inserted into the slot 616, it can drive the movable rod 606 and the hexagonal limiter when the rotating rod 504 rotates. The block 605 and the rotating column 603 rotate, thereby transmitting power to the automatic cleaning mechanism 7. The hexagonal column 609 is inserted into the slot 616. One end of the push spring 604 is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating column 603, and the other end of the push spring 604 is fixedly connected to the end of the hexagonal limit block 605 away from the movable rod 606. The movable rod 606 is slidably connected to the end of the rotating column 603 near the fixed cylinder 4. The inner side of the sliding sleeve 608 is slidably connected between the fixed seat 602 and the stabilizing cylinder 601. One end of the torsion spring 612 is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating sleeve 611, and the other end of the torsion spring 612 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed rod 610. During operation, the sliding sleeve 608 is first moved away from the fixed cylinder 4, which in turn moves the fixed frame 607 away from the fixed cylinder 4. This causes the movable rod 606 and the hexagonal limiting block 605 to move away from the fixed cylinder 4. The hexagonal limiting block 605 then compresses the push spring 604, allowing the hexagonal column 609 to disengage from the slot 616. As the sliding sleeve 608 moves away from the fixed cylinder 4, it moves the fixed rod 610, rotating sleeve 611, engaging head 613, and push handle 614 towards the engaging ring 615. When the engaging head 613 contacts the engaging ring 615, the pressure causes it to rotate away from the sliding sleeve 608. After the engaging head 613 passes the engaging ring 615, the reaction force of the torsion spring 612 causes it to rotate towards the stabilizing cylinder 601, thus engaging the engaging head 613 in the slot. The outer side of the engagement ring 615 keeps the hexagonal column 609 out of the slot 616, thus maintaining the disengaged transmission. After the operation is completed, if the rotary tiller 508 needs cleaning, the push handle 614 will rotate towards the sliding sleeve 608, which will cause the locking head 613 to lift up, thus releasing the locking head 613 from the locking ring 615. At this time, under the reaction force of the push spring 604, the hexagonal limit block 605, the movable rod 606, the fixed frame 607 and the sliding sleeve 608 will move towards the fixed cylinder 4, thereby causing the hexagonal column 609 to move towards the fixed cylinder 4 and insert into the slot 616. At this time, the rotation of the rotating rod 504 will drive the movable rod 606 to rotate through the hexagonal column 609, which will then drive the hexagonal limit block 605 and the rotating column 603 to rotate, thus driving the impeller on the pump head 702 to rotate, thereby extracting liquid.

[0023] The automatic cleaning mechanism 7 includes a fixing plate 701, which provides an installation position. The bottom of the fixing plate 701 is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame 1. A pump head 702 is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing plate 701 away from the transmission power conversion mechanism 6. The input shaft of the pump head 702 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating column 603 away from the fixed cylinder 4. An input shaft is installed in the middle of the pump head 702 and is connected to an impeller inside the pump head 702. Therefore, when the rotating column 603 rotates, the pump head 702 can be operated. A liquid suction pipe 703 is fixedly connected to the input end of the pump head 702. A water pipe 704 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main frame 1. Multiple nozzles 705 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the water pipe 704. Liquid can pass through the inside of the water pipe 704. The liquid is distributed to multiple nozzles 705. A rotating protection plate 706 is slidably connected to the bottom of the main frame 1. When the rotary tiller blades 508 and the blade shaft 507 are not being cleaned, the rotating protection plate 706 can seal the multiple nozzles 705 to prevent them from becoming clogged. Both ends of the rotating protection plate 706 are fixedly connected to hanging rods 707. The outer wall of the side plate 2 is provided with a sliding groove 708. The hanging rods 707 are slidably connected inside the sliding groove 708. The sliding of the hanging rods 707 inside the sliding groove 708 can maintain the stability of the rotating protection plate 706 when opening and closing. An arc-shaped cylinder 709 is fixedly connected to the outer side of one of the side plates 2. The arc-shaped cylinder 709 can provide an installation position and can allow liquid to pass through. The inside of the arc-shaped cylinder 709 is provided with an arc. A tension spring 710 is provided, and a limit stop 711 is slidably connected inside the arc-shaped cylinder 709. When no liquid enters the arc-shaped cylinder 709, the tension spring 710 can drive the limit stop 711 and the push-pull rod 712 back into the arc-shaped cylinder 709. The top of the limit stop 711 is rotatably and fixedly connected to the push-pull rod 712. One end of the push-pull rod 712 away from the limit stop 711 is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the hanging rods 707. One end of the arc-shaped cylinder 709 is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe 713, which serves to facilitate liquid flow. The other end of the water outlet pipe 713 is fixedly connected to the output end of the pump head 702. A liquid passage pipe 714 is fixedly connected to the outside of the arc-shaped cylinder 709, also serving to facilitate liquid flow. The other end of the liquid passage pipe 714... A connecting pipe 715 is fixedly connected to the top of a water pipe 704. The bottom end of the connecting pipe 715 is fixedly connected to the top of the water pipe 704. A main water tank 716 is fixedly connected to one end of the top of the main frame 1, which can temporarily store liquid. A secondary water tank 717 is fixedly connected to the other end of the top of the main frame 1, which can also store water and expand the capacity of the main water tank 716. The main water tank 716 and the secondary water tank 717 are connected by a pipe. A liquid extraction pipe 703 is installed inside the main water tank 716. A water injection pipe 718 is fixedly connected to the top of the main water tank 716, facilitating the introduction of liquid into the main water tank 716. A baffle 719 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main frame 1.The baffle 719, in conjunction with the rotating protection plate 706, can seal the nozzle 705 without cleaning the rotary tiller blades 508 and the blade shaft 507, preventing mud or impurities from clogging the nozzle 705. One end of the arc-shaped tension spring 710 is fixedly connected to the inside of the arc-shaped cylinder 709, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limit block 711. The push-pull rod 712 passes through the top of the other end of the arc-shaped cylinder 709. The top of the water injection pipe 718 is threaded with a threaded cap. When the pump head 702 is running, it can draw liquid from the main water tank 716 and the auxiliary water tank 717 through the liquid extraction pipe 703, and then enter the inside of the arc-shaped cylinder 709 through the water outlet pipe 713. This will cause the limit block 711 and the push-pull rod 712 to rotate in the direction of the pump head 702, which in turn will drive one of the hanging rods 707 and the rotating protection plate 706. Rotating the pump head 702 exposes the nozzle 705. Liquid then flows through the liquid inlet pipe 714 into the connecting pipe 715 and the water inlet pipe 704, and is ejected through the nozzle 705. The nozzle 705, with its varying angles, sprays liquid onto the rotary tiller blades 508 and the blade shaft 507, effectively washing away the soil from these surfaces. When water flow ceases into the curved cylinder 709, the reaction force of the curved tension spring 710 causes the limit stop 711 to rotate towards the water outlet pipe 713. This, in turn, moves the push-pull rod 712 and the rotating protective plate 706 towards the water outlet pipe 713, allowing the rotating protective plate 706 to cover the baffle 719, thus preventing soil from clogging the nozzle 705.

[0024] Working principle: One end of the universal drive shaft 506 is connected to the output end of the agricultural machinery. When the output end of the agricultural machinery rotates, it drives the universal drive shaft 506 to rotate. The rotation of the universal drive shaft 506 drives the transmission rod 501 to rotate, which in turn drives the active bevel gear 502 to rotate. The active bevel gear 502 drives the driven bevel gear 505 to rotate. The driven bevel gear 505 drives the rotating rod 504 to rotate. After the rotating rod 504 rotates, it drives the blade shaft 507 to rotate through the chain 509. After the blade shaft 507 rotates, it drives multiple rotary tillers 508 to rotate. After the rotary tillers 508 rotate, they can perform shallow tillage, straw mixing and deep loosening operations. By adjusting the micro-topography of the ground and the stubble cover, targeted prevention and control of water erosion, wind erosion and soil degradation can be achieved. During operation, the sliding sleeve 608 is first moved away from the fixed cylinder 4, which in turn moves the fixed frame 607 away from the fixed cylinder 4. This causes the movable rod 606 and the hexagonal limiting block 605 to move away from the fixed cylinder 4. The hexagonal limiting block 605 then compresses the push spring 604, allowing the hexagonal column 609 to disengage from the slot 616. As the sliding sleeve 608 moves away from the fixed cylinder 4, it moves the fixed rod 610, rotating sleeve 611, engaging head 613, and push handle 614 towards the engaging ring 615. When the engaging head 613 contacts the engaging ring 615, the pressure causes it to rotate away from the sliding sleeve 608. After the engaging head 613 passes the engaging ring 615, the reaction force of the torsion spring 612 causes it to rotate towards the stabilizing cylinder 601, thus engaging the engaging head 613 in the slot. The outer side of the engagement ring 615 can keep the hexagonal column 609 out of the slot 616, thus maintaining the disengaged transmission. After the operation is completed, if the rotary tiller 508 needs to be cleaned, the push handle 614 will be rotated towards the sliding sleeve 608, which will cause the locking head 613 to lift up, thus releasing the locking head 613 from the locking ring 615. At this time, under the reaction force of the push spring 604, the hexagonal limit block 605, the movable rod 606, the fixed frame 607 and the sliding sleeve 608 can be pushed towards the fixed cylinder 4, thereby causing the hexagonal column 609 to move towards the fixed cylinder 4 and insert the hexagonal column 609 into the slot 616. At this time, the rotation of the rotating rod 504 can drive the movable rod 606 to rotate through the hexagonal column 609, which in turn drives the hexagonal limit block 605 and the rotating column 603 to rotate, thus driving the impeller on the pump head 702 to rotate, thereby extracting liquid. When the pump head 702 starts operating, it draws liquid from the main water tank 716 and the auxiliary water tank 717 through the suction pipe 703, and the liquid enters the arc-shaped cylinder 709 through the outlet pipe 713. This causes the limit stop 711 and the push-pull rod 712 to rotate towards the pump head 702, which in turn causes one of the hanging rods 707 and the rotating protection plate 706 to rotate towards the pump head 702, thus exposing the nozzle 705. At this time, the liquid flows through the liquid pipe 714 into the connecting pipe 715 and the water pipe 704, and is sprayed out through the nozzle 705. The angle of the nozzle 705 is not... Similarly, the liquid is sprayed onto the rotary tiller 508 and the blade shaft 507, thereby washing away the soil on the blade shaft 507 and the rotary tiller 508. When the water flow into the interior of the arc-shaped cylinder 709 is no longer possible, the limiting block 711 can be rotated towards the water outlet pipe 713 under the reaction force of the arc-shaped tension spring 710. This, in turn, can drive the push-pull rod 712 and the rotating protection plate 706 to move towards the water outlet pipe 713, so that the rotating protection plate 706 can cover the baffle 719, thereby covering the nozzle 705 and preventing soil from clogging the nozzle 705.

[0025] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological soil crop engineering fusion decision, comprising a main frame (1), characterized in that, Side plates (2) are fixedly connected to both sides of the main frame (1). A protective shell (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame (1). A fixed cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to one end of the protective shell (3). Both the protective shell (3) and the fixed cylinder (4) serve a protective function. A transmission power conversion mechanism (6) is provided at the other end of the protective shell (3). A transmission mechanism (5) is provided inside the protective shell (3). The transmission mechanism (5) is used to transmit power to the device. An automatic cleaning mechanism (7) is provided at the bottom of the main frame (1). The transmission power conversion mechanism (6) is used to transmit power to the automatic cleaning mechanism (7). A three-point suspension frame (8) is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame (1). The three-point suspension frame (8) is used to connect the device to the agricultural machinery.

2. The black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (5) includes a transmission rod (501), which is rotatably connected to the outside of the protective shell (3). One end of the transmission rod (501) is fixedly connected to a drive bevel gear (502), and the other end of the transmission rod (501) is fixedly connected to a universal drive shaft (506). A rotating rod (504) is rotatably connected inside the fixed cylinder (4). One end of the rotating rod (504) is fixedly connected to a driven bevel gear (505). A cutter shaft (507) is rotatably connected between the bottoms of the two side plates (2). Multiple rotary tillers (508) are detachably connected to the outside of the cutter shaft (507). A chain (509) is sleeved between the other end of the rotating rod (504) and one end of the cutter shaft (507). The drive bevel gear (502) and the driven bevel gear (505) are meshed.

3. The black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission power conversion mechanism (6) includes a stabilizing cylinder (601), which is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame (1). A fixed base (602) is fixedly connected to one end of the protective shell (3) away from the fixed cylinder (4). A rotating column (603) is rotatably connected inside the stabilizing cylinder (601). A push spring (604) is installed inside the rotating column (603). A hexagonal limiting block (605) is slidably connected inside the rotating column (603). A movable rod (606) is fixedly connected to one end of the hexagonal limiting block (605) away from the push spring (604). A fixed frame (607) is rotatably connected to the outside of the movable rod (606). A sliding sleeve (608) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed frame (607). The movable rod (606) is fixedly connected to a hexagonal column (609) at the end away from the hexagonal limiting block (605). The sliding sleeve (608) is fixedly connected to two fixed rods (610). The fixed rods (610) are rotatably connected to a rotating sleeve (611). The rotating sleeve (611) is provided with a torsion spring (612). The rotating sleeve (611) is fixedly connected to a locking head (613). One end of the locking head (613) is fixedly connected to a push handle (614). The stabilizing cylinder (601) is fixedly connected to a locking ring (615). The rotating rod (504) is provided with a slot (616) at the end near the transmission power conversion mechanism (6). The hexagonal column (609) is inserted into the slot (616).

4. The black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic cleaning mechanism (7) includes a fixed plate (701), the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame (1). A pump head (702) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed plate (701) away from the transmission power conversion mechanism (6). The input shaft of the pump head (702) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating column (603) away from the fixed cylinder (4). A liquid suction pipe (703) is fixedly connected to the input end of the pump head (702). A water pipe (704) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main frame (1). The bottom of the water pipe (704) is fixedly connected to the pump head (704). Multiple nozzles (705) are fixedly connected. A rotating protection plate (706) is slidably connected to the bottom end of the main frame (1). Both ends of the rotating protection plate (706) are fixedly connected to hanging rods (707). A groove (708) is opened on the outer wall of the side plate (2). The hanging rod (707) is slidably connected to the inside of the groove (708). An arc-shaped cylinder (709) is fixedly connected to the outer side of one of the side plates (2). An arc-shaped tension spring (710) is provided inside the arc-shaped cylinder (709). A limit stop (710) is slidably connected inside the arc-shaped cylinder (709). 1) A push-pull rod (712) is rotatably and fixedly connected to the top of the limiting block (711). One end of the push-pull rod (712) away from the limiting block (711) is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the hanging rods (707). One end of the arc-shaped cylinder (709) is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe (713), and the other end of the water outlet pipe (713) is fixedly connected to the output end of the pump head (702). A liquid passage pipe (714) is fixedly connected to the outside of the arc-shaped cylinder (709), and the other end of the liquid passage pipe (714) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (715). The bottom end of the pipe (715) is fixedly connected to the top of the water pipe (704). The top end of the main frame (1) is fixedly connected to the main water tank (716), and the other end of the top of the main frame (1) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary water tank (717). The main water tank (716) and the auxiliary water tank (717) are connected by a pipe. The liquid extraction pipe (703) is located inside the main water tank (716). The top of the main water tank (716) is fixedly connected to the water injection pipe (718), and the bottom of the main frame (1) is fixedly connected to the baffle (719).

5. The black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making according to claim 2, characterized in that, A mudguard (9) is detachably connected to the side of the main frame (1) away from the universal drive shaft (506), and a protective box (503) is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the side plates (2), and the chain (509) is arranged inside the protective box (503).

6. The black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the push spring (604) is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating column (603), and the other end of the push spring (604) is fixedly connected to the end of the hexagonal limiting block (605) away from the movable rod (606).

7. The black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable rod (606) is slidably connected to one end of the rotating column (603) near the fixed cylinder (4), and the inner side of the sliding sleeve (608) is slidably connected between the fixed seat (602) and the stabilizing cylinder (601).

8. The black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the torsion spring (612) is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating sleeve (611), and the other end of the torsion spring (612) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed rod (610).

9. The black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the arc-shaped tension spring (710) is fixedly connected to the inside of the arc-shaped cylinder (709), and the other end of the arc-shaped tension spring (710) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting block (711).

10. The black soil damage prevention and control device based on meteorological, soil, crop, and engineering integrated decision-making according to claim 4, characterized in that, The push-pull rod (712) passes through the top of the other end of the arc-shaped cylinder (709), and the top of the water injection pipe (718) is threadedly connected with a threaded cap.

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