Endoscope directional constant pressure irrigation device for spine

Abstract

This invention discloses a directional constant-pressure irrigation device for spinal endoscopy, comprising a constant-pressure fluid supply assembly, an instrument channel, a rotating cylinder, a distal pressure acquisition assembly, and a positioning sleeve. The rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the distal end of the instrument channel and has a directional fluid outlet and a pressure measuring hole located on the side opposite to the fluid outlet direction. An annular fluid supply chamber and an annular pressure transmission chamber are formed between the distal wall of the instrument channel and the rotating cylinder, respectively isolated from each other, and remain connected during rotation of the rotating cylinder. The positioning sleeve is equipped with a locking head. When surgical instruments are inserted, the positioning sleeve, through the locking head, engages with the guide locking structure of the rotating cylinder, causing the rotating cylinder to rotate to a position where the directional fluid outlet faces the working side of the surgical instrument and the pressure measuring hole faces away from the working side. When the surgical instrument rotates, the positioning sleeve drives the rotating cylinder to rotate synchronously. This device enables directional irrigation and low-disturbance distal pressure acquisition during instrument operation, and adjusts the irrigation fluid output pressure based on the distal pressure signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a spinal endoscope directional constant pressure irrigation device. Background Technology

[0002] Spinal endoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical procedure characterized by small incisions, low trauma, and endoscopic visualization. It has been widely used in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, spinal stenosis, nerve root decompression, and foraminoplasty. During the procedure, continuous irrigation is usually required to flush out blood, bone fragments, and soft tissue debris, and to maintain a clear endoscopic view.

[0003] Existing endoscopic irrigation devices typically deliver irrigation fluid to the surgical area via an irrigation pump or constant-pressure fluid supply equipment. Pressure sensors can monitor the pressure in the surgical area to prevent excessive irrigation pressure that could compress nerve tissue, the dural sac, or surrounding tissues. However, during spinal endoscopic surgery, the working angle and direction of the surgical instruments change as needed. Fixed irrigation ports cannot easily adjust their fluid discharge direction synchronously with the working direction of the instruments, leading to inconsistencies between the irrigation direction and the actual surgical area.

[0004] Furthermore, if the pressure detection point is directly exposed within the irrigation jet area, it is easily affected by the dynamic pressure disturbance of the directional irrigation fluid flow, resulting in the collected pressure value not accurately reflecting the actual pressure within the surgical cavity. If the pressure measurement port is obstructed by soft tissue, blood clots, or debris, it may also affect the continuity and accuracy of pressure transmission. Therefore, how to balance directional irrigation and low-disturbance distal pressure acquisition during spinal endoscopic instrumentation remains a problem that existing irrigation devices need to improve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spinal endoscope directional constant pressure irrigation device to keep the irrigation direction aligned with the working side of the surgical instrument during spinal endoscope operation, and to improve the stability and reliability of distal pressure acquisition.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A spinal endoscope directional constant pressure irrigation device includes a constant pressure fluid supply component, an instrument channel, a rotating cylinder, a distal pressure acquisition component, and a positioning sleeve for use with surgical instruments. The instrument channel has a hollow passage for the surgical instruments to pass through; The rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the far end of the instrument channel. The outer wall of the rotating cylinder is provided with a directional liquid outlet and a pressure measuring hole located on the side opposite to the liquid outlet direction. The distal wall of the instrument channel forms an annular liquid supply chamber and an annular pressure transmission chamber that are isolated from each other between the rotating cylinder and the instrument channel. The annular liquid supply chamber is connected to the directional liquid outlet, and the annular pressure transmission chamber is connected to the pressure measuring hole. The annular liquid supply chamber and the annular pressure transmission chamber remain connected when the rotating cylinder rotates relative to the instrument channel. The distal pressure acquisition component includes a pressure detection chamber and a pressure sensor disposed on the distal wall of the instrument channel. The pressure detection chamber is connected to the annular pressure transmission chamber, and the pressure sensor is used to output a distal pressure signal. The surgical instrument has a working part at its distal end for performing surgical operations on the tissue, and the working part has a working side facing the tissue to be operated on along the radial direction of the surgical instrument. The positioning sleeve has a predetermined circumferential correspondence with the working side of the surgical instrument, and the positioning sleeve is provided with a radially retractable locking head. The rotating cylinder is provided with a guide locking structure that cooperates with the locking head. When the surgical instrument is inserted, the positioning sleeve drives the rotating cylinder to rotate to a position where the directional liquid outlet faces the working side and the pressure measuring hole faces away from the working side through the cooperation of the locking head and the guide locking structure. When the surgical instrument rotates, the positioning sleeve drives the rotating cylinder to rotate synchronously with the surgical instrument; The constant pressure liquid supply component is connected to the annular liquid supply chamber and is used to adjust the output pressure of the irrigation fluid according to the remote pressure signal.

[0007] Optionally, the positioning sleeve includes a directional cone sleeve fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the surgical instrument, a retention push sleeve that is separable from and disposed inside the rotating cylinder, a push sleeve body that cooperates with the retention push sleeve, and a locking head mounting part that cooperates with the push sleeve body. The directional cone sleeve has an outer cone surface that is larger at the proximal end and smaller at the distal end, and the outer wall of the directional cone sleeve is provided with a directional transmission key that has a predetermined correspondence with the working side in the circumferential direction; The retaining push sleeve has a tapered receiving hole that mates with the outer tapered surface, and the wall of the tapered receiving hole is provided with a directional keyway that mates with the directional transmission key; The locking head is disposed on the locking head mounting part.

[0008] Optionally, the directional transmission key is a wedge-shaped key extending axially along the directional tapered sleeve, and the width of the wedge-shaped key gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end. The width of the directional keyway gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end, and the directional keyway mates with the wedge key.

[0009] Optionally, the push sleeve body is provided with a radial threaded hole and a locking bolt passing through the radial threaded hole. The inner end of the locking bolt can press against the directional tapered sleeve so that the directional tapered sleeve and the push sleeve body can be unlocked.

[0010] Optionally, the rotating cylinder is provided with a liquid outlet communication hole and a pressure tapping communication hole. The liquid outlet communication hole connects the annular liquid supply chamber and the directional liquid outlet, and the pressure tapping communication hole connects the pressure measuring hole and the annular pressure transmission chamber.

[0011] Optionally, the distal end face of the instrument channel and the proximal end face of the rotating cylinder are axially opposite each other and rotate in a sealing fit. The distal end face of the instrument channel is provided with an inner annular recess and an outer annular recess. The inner annular recess and the proximal end face of the rotating cylinder form the annular liquid supply cavity, and the outer annular recess and the proximal end face of the rotating cylinder form the annular pressure transmission cavity.

[0012] Optionally, the guide locking structure includes an annular guide groove disposed on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, the annular guide groove extending continuously along the circumference of the rotating cylinder, and the opening of the annular guide groove being 360°. The bottom of the annular guide groove is provided with a locking recess that mates with the locking head. The annular guide groove includes a first inclined guide arm and a second inclined guide arm located on both sides of the locking recess. When the locking head moves along the first or second inclined guide arm, it pushes the rotating cylinder to rotate relative to the instrument channel, and restricts the relative circumferential movement of the rotating cylinder and the positioning sleeve after entering the locking recess.

[0013] Optionally, the locking head mounting portion is connected to the push sleeve body via a key connection structure to allow the locking head mounting portion to move axially relative to the push sleeve body; The locking head mounting part is provided with a receiving groove, a protruding hole and an elastic arm. The elastic arm is disposed in the receiving groove, and the protruding hole is opened on the outer wall of the locking head mounting part corresponding to the receiving groove. The locking head is connected to the elastic arm and can protrude out of the protruding hole or retract into the receiving groove under the elastic action of the elastic arm. The outer wall of the push sleeve body is provided with a connecting part and a limiting part. The locking head mounting part is elastically connected to the connecting part through an elastic member. The limiting part is used to limit the axial movement distance of the locking head mounting part relative to the push sleeve body, so as to prevent the elastic member from being excessively deformed when the surgical instrument is withdrawn.

[0014] Optionally, anti-adhesion ribs are provided on both sides of the pressure measuring hole. The anti-adhesion ribs are used to maintain a pressure measuring gap between the pressure measuring hole and the tissue when the tissue is close to the outer wall of the rotating cylinder. An isolation diaphragm is provided inside the pressure detection chamber. The isolation diaphragm is used to separate the irrigation fluid from the pressure sensor and to transmit the pressure to the pressure sensor.

[0015] Optionally, the constant pressure liquid supply assembly includes a liquid storage unit, a pumping unit, a heating unit, a liquid supply temperature acquisition unit, and a control unit; The liquid storage unit is used to store the irrigation fluid, and the pumping unit is used to deliver the irrigation fluid in the liquid storage unit to the annular supply chamber. The heating unit is disposed in the liquid storage unit and is used to heat the irrigation liquid in the liquid storage unit; The liquid supply temperature acquisition unit is installed inside the liquid storage unit and is used to acquire the temperature of the irrigation liquid inside the liquid storage unit. The control unit is electrically connected to the liquid supply temperature acquisition unit, the heating unit, the pumping unit, and the pressure sensor, respectively.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention rotatably connects the rotating cylinder to the far end of the instrument channel, and sets a directional liquid outlet and a pressure measuring hole on the rotating cylinder on the side opposite to the liquid outlet direction, so that the directional liquid outlet can be directed toward the working side of the surgical instrument for irrigation, while the pressure measuring hole avoids the direct impact of the irrigation jet, thereby taking into account both directional flushing and low-disturbance pressure acquisition.

[0017] 2. This invention uses a positioning sleeve to cooperate with surgical instruments and a locking head to cooperate with a guide locking structure on a rotating cylinder, so that when surgical instruments are inserted, they can drive the rotating cylinder to a position where the directional fluid outlet faces the working side and the pressure measuring hole faces away from the working side; when surgical instruments rotate, the positioning sleeve can drive the rotating cylinder to rotate synchronously, so that the irrigation direction continuously follows the working side of the instrument.

[0018] 3. The positioning sleeve of the present invention may further include a directional cone sleeve and a retention push sleeve. The directional cone sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the surgical instrument, and the retention push sleeve is disposed inside the rotating cylinder and can be detachably fitted with the directional cone sleeve. Thus, when the surgical instrument is withdrawn, the directional cone sleeve can be withdrawn with the instrument, while the retention push sleeve remains on the device side, facilitating the re-establishment of directional fit during subsequent reinsertion.

[0019] 4. The guiding and locking structure of the present invention can adopt an annular guide groove that extends continuously along the circumference of the rotating cylinder. A locking recess is provided at the bottom of the annular guide groove, and a first inclined guide arm and a second inclined guide arm are formed on both sides of the locking recess. After the locking head enters the annular guide groove, it can move along the corresponding inclined guide arm and push the rotating cylinder to rotate, and finally enter the locking recess, thereby realizing the automatic alignment and locking of the rotating cylinder.

[0020] 5. By setting anti-adhesion ribs on both sides of the pressure measuring hole, the present invention can maintain a pressure tapping gap between the pressure measuring hole and the tissue when the tissue is close to the outer wall of the rotating cylinder, thereby reducing the risk of soft tissue, blood clots or debris adhering to and blocking the pressure measuring hole, and improving the stability of the distal pressure signal. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the spinal endoscope directional constant pressure irrigation device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the annular guide groove in this invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10. Constant pressure liquid supply assembly; 11. Liquid storage unit; 12. Pumping unit; 13. Heating unit; 14. Liquid supply temperature acquisition unit; 15. Control unit; 20. Instrument channel; 21. Hollow passage; 22. Annular liquid supply chamber; 23. Annular pressure transmission chamber; 24. Liquid supply channel; 30. Rotating cylinder; 31. Directional outlet; 32. Pressure measuring hole; 33. Liquid outlet communication hole; 34. Pressure tapping communication hole; 35. Annular guide groove; 351. First inclined guide arm; 352. Second inclined guide arm; 353. Locking recess; 36. Anti-sticking device. 40. With protruding rib; 41. Remote pressure acquisition component; 42. Pressure detection chamber; 43. Isolation diaphragm; 44. Pressure sensor; 55. Positioning sleeve; 56. Locking head; 57. Directional conical sleeve; 58. Directional transmission key; 59. Outer conical surface; 50. Deposited push sleeve; 51. Directional keyway; 52. Conical receiving hole; 53. Push sleeve body; 54. Connecting part; 55. Limiting part; 56. Locking head mounting part; 57. Receiving groove; 58. Protruding hole; 59. Elastic arm; 50. Elastic element; 51. Locking bolt; 60. Surgical instrument. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a spinal endoscope directional constant pressure irrigation device, including a constant pressure liquid supply component 10, an instrument channel 20, a rotating cylinder 30, a distal pressure acquisition component 40, and a positioning sleeve 50.

[0025] The instrument channel 20 has a hollow passage 21 for the passage of surgical instruments 60. The surgical instrument 60 can be a nucleus pulposus forceps, scissors, bone forceps, drill, radiofrequency electrode, probe, dissector, or other surgical instruments usable through the spinal endoscope instrument channel. The distal end of the surgical instrument 60 has a working section for performing surgical manipulations on tissue. The working section has a working side facing the tissue to be manipulated radially along the surgical instrument 60. Depending on the specific type of surgical instrument 60, the working side can be the side facing the tissue to be manipulated when the jaws open and close, a shearing side, a grinding side, an ablation side, a probing side, or a retraction side.

[0026] The rotating cylinder 30 is rotatably connected to the distal end of the instrument channel 20 and can rotate relative to the instrument channel 20 about the axis of the hollow passage 21. The outer wall of the rotating cylinder 30 is provided with a directional fluid outlet 31 and a pressure measuring hole 32. The directional fluid outlet 31 is used to spray the irrigation fluid in a specific direction. The pressure measuring hole 32 is located on the side opposite to the fluid outlet direction of the directional fluid outlet 31 and is used to collect pressure in the distal surgical area. This arrangement avoids the direct jet area of ​​the directional fluid outlet 31, which helps to reduce the disturbance of jet pressure to pressure acquisition.

[0027] An annular supply chamber 22 and an annular pressure transmission chamber 23, isolated from each other, are formed between the distal wall of the instrument channel 20 and the rotating cylinder 30. The annular supply chamber 22 is connected to the directional outlet 31, and the annular pressure transmission chamber 23 is connected to the pressure measuring port 32. The annular supply chamber 22 and the annular pressure transmission chamber 23 remain connected when the rotating cylinder 30 rotates relative to the instrument channel 20. Therefore, when the rotating cylinder 30 rotates, neither the supply path nor the pressure transmission path is interrupted due to changes in the angle of the rotating cylinder 30.

[0028] Furthermore, the instrument channel 20 may be provided with a liquid supply channel 24, which communicates with the annular liquid supply chamber 22. The rotating cylinder 30 is provided with a liquid outlet communication hole 33 and a pressure tapping communication hole 34. The liquid outlet communication hole 33 connects the annular liquid supply chamber 22 with the directional liquid outlet 31, and the pressure tapping communication hole 34 connects the pressure measuring hole 32 with the annular pressure transmission chamber 23. By providing localized liquid outlet communication holes 33 and pressure tapping communication holes 34 on the rotating cylinder 30, instead of creating a large-area annular groove on the rotating cylinder 30, the weakening of the cylinder wall strength can be reduced.

[0029] In one embodiment, the distal end face of the instrument channel 20 and the proximal end face of the rotating cylinder 30 are axially opposed and rotate in a sealing fit. The distal end face of the instrument channel 20 is provided with an inner annular recess and an outer annular recess. The inner annular recess and the proximal end face of the rotating cylinder 30 form an annular liquid supply chamber 22, and the outer annular recess and the proximal end face of the rotating cylinder 30 form an annular pressure transmission chamber 23.

[0030] The remote pressure acquisition assembly 40 includes a pressure detection chamber 41 and a pressure sensor 42. The pressure detection chamber 41 is located on the distal wall of the instrument channel 20 and communicates with the annular pressure transmission chamber 23. The pressure sensor 42 is located inside or behind the pressure detection chamber 41 and is used to output a remote pressure signal. An isolation diaphragm 411 is provided inside the pressure detection chamber 41. The isolation diaphragm 411 is used to separate the irrigation fluid from the pressure sensor 42 and to transmit the irrigation fluid pressure to the pressure sensor 42.

[0031] The pressure measuring hole 32 is provided with anti-adhesion ribs 36 on both sides. When soft tissue, blood clots or debris approach the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 30, the anti-adhesion ribs 36 can contact the tissue first, so that a pressure measuring gap is maintained between the pressure measuring hole 32 and the tissue, reducing the possibility of the pressure measuring hole 32 being stuck and blocked.

[0032] The positioning sleeve 50 establishes a circumferential correspondence between the working side of the surgical instrument 60 and the directional outlet 31 of the rotating cylinder 30. The positioning sleeve 50 is equipped with a radially retractable locking head 51. The rotating cylinder 30 is equipped with a guide locking structure that cooperates with the locking head 51. When the surgical instrument 60 is inserted, the positioning sleeve 50, through the cooperation of the locking head 51 and the guide locking structure, drives the rotating cylinder 30 to rotate until the directional outlet 31 faces the working side and the pressure measuring hole 32 faces away from the working side. When the surgical instrument 60 rotates, the positioning sleeve 50 drives the rotating cylinder 30 to rotate synchronously with the surgical instrument 60.

[0033] In one embodiment, the positioning sleeve 50 includes a directional conical sleeve 52 fixedly fitted to the outer wall of the surgical instrument 60, a retaining push sleeve 53 detachably fitted to the directional conical sleeve 52 and disposed inside the rotating cylinder 30, a push sleeve body 54 cooperating with the retaining push sleeve 53, and a locking head mounting portion 55 cooperating with the push sleeve body 54. The directional conical sleeve 52 has an outer conical surface 522 that is larger at the proximal end and smaller at the distal end, and the outer wall of the directional conical sleeve 52 is provided with a directional transmission key 521 that has a predetermined correspondence with the working side in the circumferential direction. The retaining push sleeve 53 has a conical receiving hole 532 that mates with the outer conical surface 522, and the wall of the conical receiving hole 532 is provided with a directional keyway 531 that mates with the directional transmission key 521. The locking head 51 is disposed in the locking head mounting portion 55.

[0034] When the surgical instrument 60 is inserted, the directional conical sleeve 52 enters the conical receiving hole 532 of the indwelling push sleeve 53, and the outer conical surface 522 mates with the conical receiving hole 532 to achieve insertion, centering, and axial pushing. The directional transmission key 521 enters the directional keyway 531, so that the working side of the surgical instrument 60 and the indwelling push sleeve 53 form a defined circumferential correspondence. After the indwelling push sleeve 53 is pushed, the locking head 51 mates with the guide locking structure of the rotating cylinder 30, pushing the rotating cylinder 30 to rotate to the predetermined circumferential position.

[0035] The directional key 521 can be a wedge-shaped key extending axially along the directional tapered sleeve 52, with the width of the wedge-shaped key gradually decreasing from the proximal end to the distal end. The groove width of the directional keyway 531 gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end and mates with the wedge-shaped key. When the surgical instrument 60 is inserted, the distal narrow portion of the wedge-shaped key first enters the proximal wide portion of the directional keyway 531. As the surgical instrument 60 continues to advance, the wedge-shaped key gradually mates with the directional keyway 531, thereby achieving insertion and circumferential positioning.

[0036] The guide locking structure includes an annular guide groove 35 disposed on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 30. The annular guide groove 35 extends continuously along the circumference of the rotating cylinder 30, and the opening of the annular guide groove 35 is 360°. The bottom of the annular guide groove 35 is provided with a locking recess 353 that mates with the locking head 51. The annular guide groove 35 includes a first inclined guide arm 351 and a second inclined guide arm 352 located on both sides of the locking recess 353. When the locking head 51 moves along the first inclined guide arm 351 or the second inclined guide arm 352, it can push the rotating cylinder 30 to rotate relative to the instrument channel 20, and after entering the locking recess 353, it restricts the relative circumferential movement of the rotating cylinder 30 and the positioning sleeve 50.

[0037] The locking head mounting portion 55 is connected to the push sleeve body 54 via a key connection structure, allowing the locking head mounting portion 55 to move axially relative to the push sleeve body 54. The locking head mounting portion 55 is provided with a receiving groove 551, a protrusion hole 552, and an elastic arm 553. The elastic arm 553 is disposed within the receiving groove 551, and the locking head 51 is connected to the elastic arm 553, and can protrude through the protrusion hole 552 or retract into the receiving groove 551 under the elastic action of the elastic arm 553.

[0038] The outer wall of the push sleeve body 54 is provided with a connecting portion 541 and a limiting portion 542. The locking head mounting portion 55 is elastically connected to the connecting portion 541 via an elastic member 56. The limiting portion 542 is used to limit the axial movement distance of the locking head mounting portion 55 relative to the push sleeve body 54, so as to prevent the elastic member 56 from being excessively deformed when the surgical instrument 60 is withdrawn. With this structure, the locking head mounting portion 55 can generate appropriate axial clearance when the surgical instrument 60 is withdrawn, reducing withdrawal resistance and preventing the elastic member 56 from being excessively stretched or compressed.

[0039] In one embodiment, the push sleeve body 54 is provided with a radial threaded hole and a locking bolt 57 passing through the radial threaded hole. The inner end of the locking bolt 57 can press against the directional cone sleeve 52, so that the directional cone sleeve 52 and the push sleeve body 54 can be releasably locked. When the surgical instrument 60 needs to be repeatedly inserted and removed, the locking bolt 57 can remain loose; when the surgical instrument 60 needs to stay for a long time or work continuously, the locking bolt 57 can be tightened to reduce the loosening between the directional cone sleeve 52 and the push sleeve body 54.

[0040] The constant pressure liquid supply assembly 10 includes a liquid storage unit 11, a pumping unit 12, a heating unit 13, a liquid supply temperature acquisition unit 14, and a control unit 15. The liquid storage unit 11 stores the irrigation fluid, and the pumping unit 12 delivers the irrigation fluid from the liquid storage unit 11 to the annular liquid supply chamber 22. The heating unit 13 is located in the liquid storage unit 11 and heats the irrigation fluid within it. The liquid supply temperature acquisition unit 14 is located within the liquid storage unit 11 and acquires the temperature of the irrigation fluid within it. The control unit 15 is electrically connected to the liquid supply temperature acquisition unit 14, the heating unit 13, the pumping unit 12, and the pressure sensor 42.

[0041] In use, the control unit 15 adjusts the heating unit 13 according to the temperature signal collected by the liquid supply temperature acquisition unit 14, so that the irrigation fluid in the storage unit 11 is maintained within the preset temperature range; at the same time, the control unit 15 adjusts the pumping speed, pumping pressure or start / stop status of the pumping unit 12 according to the remote pressure signal output by the pressure sensor 42, so that the output pressure of the irrigation fluid input to the annular liquid supply chamber 22 matches the actual pressure of the surgical area.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spinal endoscope-guided constant-pressure irrigation device, characterized in that, It includes a constant pressure liquid supply assembly (10), an instrument channel (20), a rotating cylinder (30), a distal pressure acquisition assembly (40), and a positioning sleeve (50) for use with surgical instruments (60). The instrument channel (20) has a hollow passage (21) through which the surgical instrument (60) passes. The rotating cylinder (30) is rotatably connected to the far end of the instrument channel (20). The outer wall of the rotating cylinder (30) is provided with a directional liquid outlet (31) and a pressure measuring hole (32) located on the side opposite to the liquid outlet direction of the directional liquid outlet (31). The distal wall of the instrument channel (20) forms an annular liquid supply chamber (22) and an annular pressure transmission chamber (23) that are isolated from each other between the rotating cylinder (30). The annular liquid supply chamber (22) is connected to the directional liquid outlet (31), and the annular pressure transmission chamber (23) is connected to the pressure measuring hole (32). The annular liquid supply chamber (22) and the annular pressure transmission chamber (23) remain connected when the rotating cylinder (30) rotates relative to the instrument channel (20). The distal pressure acquisition assembly (40) includes a pressure detection chamber (41) and a pressure sensor (42) disposed on the distal wall of the instrument channel (20). The pressure detection chamber (41) is connected to the annular pressure transmission chamber (23), and the pressure sensor (42) is used to output a distal pressure signal. The surgical instrument (60) is provided with a working part for performing surgical operations on tissue at its distal end, the working part having a working side facing the tissue to be operated on radially along the surgical instrument (60); The positioning sleeve (50) has a predetermined circumferential correspondence with the working side of the surgical instrument (60), and the positioning sleeve (50) is provided with a radially retractable locking head (51). The rotating cylinder (30) is provided with a guide locking structure that cooperates with the locking head (51). When the surgical instrument (60) is inserted, the positioning sleeve (50) drives the rotating cylinder (30) to rotate to a position where the directional liquid outlet (31) faces the working side and the pressure measuring hole (32) faces away from the working side through the cooperation of the locking head (51) and the guide locking structure. When the surgical instrument (60) rotates, the positioning sleeve (50) drives the rotating cylinder (30) to rotate synchronously with the surgical instrument (60); The constant pressure liquid supply component (10) is connected to the annular liquid supply chamber (22) and is used to adjust the output pressure of the irrigation liquid according to the remote pressure signal.

2. The spinal endoscope-guided constant pressure irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning sleeve (50) includes a directional cone sleeve (52) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the surgical instrument (60), a retention push sleeve (53) which is separable from the directional cone sleeve (52) and disposed inside the rotating cylinder (30), a push sleeve body (54) that cooperates with the retention push sleeve (53), and a locking head mounting part (55) that cooperates with the push sleeve body (54). The directional cone sleeve (52) has an outer cone surface (522) that is large at the proximal end and small at the distal end. The outer wall of the directional cone sleeve (52) is provided with a directional transmission key (521) that has a predetermined correspondence with the working side in the circumferential direction. The indwelling push sleeve (53) has a tapered receiving hole (532) that mates with the outer tapered surface (522), and the wall of the tapered receiving hole (532) is provided with a directional keyway (531) that mates with the directional transmission key (521). The locking head (51) is disposed on the locking head mounting part (55).

3. The spinal endoscope-guided constant pressure irrigation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The directional transmission key (521) is a wedge-shaped key extending axially along the directional tapered sleeve (52), and the width of the wedge-shaped key gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end. The width of the directional keyway (531) gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end, and the directional keyway (531) cooperates with the wedge key.

4. The spinal endoscope-guided constant pressure irrigation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The push sleeve body (54) is provided with a radial threaded hole and a locking bolt (57) passing through the radial threaded hole. The inner end of the locking bolt (57) can press against the directional tapered sleeve (52) so that the directional tapered sleeve (52) and the push sleeve body (54) can be locked in a release manner.

5. The spinal endoscope-guided constant-pressure irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating cylinder (30) is provided with a liquid outlet communication hole (33) and a pressure tapping communication hole (34). The liquid outlet communication hole (33) connects the annular liquid supply chamber (22) and the directional liquid outlet (31). The pressure tapping communication hole (34) connects the pressure measuring hole (32) and the annular pressure transmission chamber (23).

6. The spinal endoscope-guided constant pressure irrigation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distal end face of the instrument channel (20) and the proximal end face of the rotating cylinder (30) are axially opposite to each other and rotate in a sealed fit. The distal end face of the instrument channel (20) is provided with an inner annular recess and an outer annular recess. The inner annular recess and the proximal end face of the rotating cylinder (30) form the annular liquid supply cavity (22), and the outer annular recess and the proximal end face of the rotating cylinder (30) form the annular pressure transmission cavity (23).

7. The spinal endoscope-guided constant pressure irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide locking structure includes an annular guide groove (35) disposed on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (30). The annular guide groove (35) extends continuously along the circumference of the rotating cylinder (30), and the opening of the annular guide groove (35) is 360°. The bottom of the annular guide groove (35) is provided with a locking recess (353) that cooperates with the locking head (51). The annular guide groove (35) includes a first inclined guide arm (351) and a second inclined guide arm (352) located on both sides of the locking recess (353). When the locking head (51) moves along the first oblique guide arm (351) or the second oblique guide arm (352), it pushes the rotating cylinder (30) to rotate relative to the instrument channel (20), and restricts the relative circumferential movement of the rotating cylinder (30) and the positioning sleeve (50) after entering the locking recess (353).

8. The spinal endoscope-guided constant pressure irrigation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking head mounting part (55) is connected to the push sleeve body (54) by a key connection structure to allow the locking head mounting part (55) to move axially relative to the push sleeve body (54); The locking head mounting part (55) is provided with a receiving groove (551), a protruding hole (552) and an elastic arm (553). The elastic arm (553) is disposed in the receiving groove (551), and the protruding hole (552) is opened on the outer wall of the locking head mounting part (55) corresponding to the receiving groove (551). The locking head (51) is connected to the elastic arm (553) and can protrude out or retract into the receiving groove (551) through the protruding hole (552) under the elastic action of the elastic arm (553). The outer wall of the push sleeve body (54) is provided with a connecting part (541) and a limiting part (542). The locking head mounting part (55) is elastically connected to the connecting part (541) through an elastic member (56). The limiting part (542) is used to limit the axial movement distance of the locking head mounting part (55) relative to the push sleeve body (54) to prevent the elastic member (56) from being excessively deformed when the surgical instrument (60) is withdrawn.

9. The spinal endoscope-guided constant pressure irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure measuring hole (32) is provided with anti-adhesion ribs (36) on both sides. The anti-adhesion ribs (36) are used to maintain a pressure-taking gap between the pressure measuring hole (32) and the tissue when the tissue is close to the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (30). An isolation diaphragm (411) is provided inside the pressure detection chamber (41). The isolation diaphragm (411) is used to separate the irrigation fluid from the pressure sensor (42) and transmit the pressure to the pressure sensor (42).

10. The spinal endoscope-guided constant-pressure irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constant pressure liquid supply assembly (10) includes a liquid storage unit (11), a pumping unit (12), a heating unit (13), a liquid supply temperature acquisition unit (14), and a control unit (15). The liquid storage unit (11) is used to store irrigation fluid, and the pumping unit (12) is used to transport the irrigation fluid in the liquid storage unit (11) to the annular supply chamber (22). The heating unit (13) is disposed in the liquid storage unit (11) and is used to heat the irrigation liquid in the liquid storage unit (11); The liquid supply temperature acquisition unit (14) is installed inside the liquid storage unit (11) and is used to acquire the temperature of the irrigation liquid inside the liquid storage unit (11). The control unit (15) is electrically connected to the liquid supply temperature acquisition unit (14), the heating unit (13), the pumping unit (12) and the pressure sensor (42), respectively.

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