A pelvic nail depth positioning system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of orthopedic surgery auxiliary positioning, and discloses a pelvis steel nail depth positioning system which comprises a hand drill and an image terminal, the hand drill is provided with a hand drill motor, the image terminal is internally provided with a processor, and the application further comprises a distance measuring component, a control module and a warning module. The hand drill, the image terminal, the distance measuring component, the processor and the control module are cooperatively matched, real-time accurate detection and intelligent management and control of the drilling depth of a pelvis steel nail are realized, the distance measuring component can collect depth data in real time, a unified measurement reference is matched with bone surface zero point calibration, soft tissue thickness interference is effectively eliminated, the depth detection precision is improved, the control module supports speed limit reminding and forced shutdown double-mode switching, the risk of overdeep drilling can be effectively avoided, the operation safety is guaranteed, the overall system is convenient to operate, is suitable for clinical operation procedures, the drilling and steel nail implanting precision is greatly improved, and the operation difficulty and medical risk are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of orthopedic surgical auxiliary positioning technology, and in particular to a pelvic steel nail depth positioning system. Background Technology

[0002] Pelvic injuries such as pelvic fractures and sacroiliac joint dislocations often require percutaneous screw placement surgery for fixation. In this procedure, precise control of the drilling depth directly determines the subsequent insertion depth of the cannulated screw, which is a crucial step in ensuring surgical safety and fixation effectiveness. If the drilling is too deep, it can easily penetrate the medial pelvic cortex, damaging important tissues such as blood vessels and nerves within the pelvic cavity, leading to serious complications. If the drilling is too shallow, the screw will not have sufficient engagement depth, resulting in poor fixation stability and affecting fracture healing.

[0003] Currently, in clinical surgery, the control of drilling depth mainly relies on the surgeon's visual reading of the hollow drill rod's markings or repeated intraoperative CT fluoroscopy for confirmation. The method of visually reading the markings is affected by factors such as uneven soft tissue thickness, skin depression, and puncture point deviation, making it difficult to unify the depth benchmark and accurately reflect the actual drilling depth within the bone. Although repeated fluoroscopy can obtain information about the position within the bone, it significantly increases the radiation exposure risk for both doctors and patients, and it cannot achieve real-time monitoring. Furthermore, it cannot provide real-time feedback on drilling depth, nor can it link with preoperative imaging for simulation. It also lacks graded early warning and power-assisted control functions for the drilling process, and still relies heavily on the surgeon's experience and judgment, making it difficult to achieve precise control of the drilling depth. Consequently, it cannot guarantee the accurate matching of the subsequent steel nail implantation depth with the bone tunnel, resulting in significant surgical risks and uncertainties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a pelvic screw depth positioning system that enables precise quantitative monitoring, visual and intuitive display, and active protection of drilling depth during pelvic surgery. It unifies depth measurement standards, reduces the number of intraoperative radiographic examinations, lowers the difficulty of surgical procedures and medical risks, and strictly ensures the integrity and feasibility of the technical solution.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A pelvic steel nail depth positioning system includes a hand drill and an imaging terminal. The hand drill is equipped with a hand drill motor, and the imaging terminal has a processor, a ranging component, a control module, and an early warning module. The ranging component and the control module are respectively signal-connected to the processor, and the control module is electrically connected to the hand drill motor. The imaging terminal has image loading and parameter preset functions. The ranging component is used to collect drilling depth data in real time. The processor matches and compares the depth data with preset parameters, triggers the early warning module to provide prompts, and regulates the operating status of the hand drill motor through the control module.

[0006] Preferably, the ranging component is an optical distance sensor, which is fixedly installed on the hand drill housing. The hand drill housing has a transparent window for the optical distance sensor to collect light and measure distance. Preferably, the optical distance sensor is used as the ranging component and is fixed by an integrally formed mounting position on the hand drill housing. The housing has a corresponding transparent shell hole as a window, which allows for unobstructed light transmission, ensures stable detection optical path, guarantees depth acquisition accuracy, and meets the precise detection requirements of minimally invasive orthopedic drilling.

[0007] Preferably, the control module is integrated inside the hand drill. The control module receives control signals from the processor to adjust the working state of the hand drill motor. The control module is sealed and integrated inside the hand drill and is connected to the hand drill motor through an insulated wire. It can receive processor instructions and convert them into power adjustment signals to achieve precise control of motor speed and power supply. The layout is compact and does not affect the surgical operation.

[0008] Preferably, the processor is integrated inside the imaging terminal. The processor receives depth data collected by the optical distance sensor. The imaging terminal is equipped with a human-computer interaction interface. The processor, as the core control unit, is integrated inside the imaging terminal and can receive depth data from the optical distance sensor in real time. With the high-definition touch human-computer interaction interface, it is convenient for medical staff to import images, preset parameters, and switch modes, making the operation intuitive and convenient.

[0009] Preferably, the processor is equipped with a zero-point calibration function, which uses the position of the drill bit against the bone surface as the reference origin for depth measurement. The processor has a built-in conventional zero-point calibration algorithm. Before drilling, the drill bit is placed against the outer bone surface of the pelvis, and calibration is triggered by the imaging terminal to lock the current optical distance sensor value as the reference origin, which can accurately calculate the actual drilling depth inside the bone.

[0010] Preferably, the warning module is mounted on the hand drill. The warning module is an audio-visual prompting component. The warning module can be embedded in the surface of the hand drill housing and can use a buzzer, an LED warning light, or a combination of both to simultaneously emit audio-visual prompts, quickly respond to the processor's trigger signal, and promptly remind medical staff that the depth is approaching or has reached its limit, thereby improving surgical safety.

[0011] Preferably, the control module has two controllable working modes to adapt to different drilling protection requirements. The control module supports two modes: speed limit reminder and forced stop. In the speed limit mode, the speed is reduced but the machine is not shut down, and manual control is retained. In the forced stop mode, the power supply to the motor is cut off to eliminate the risk of over-drilling. The mode can be flexibly selected according to the operating habits of medical staff.

[0012] Preferably, the imaging terminal can load the patient's pelvic image and combine it with real-time depth data to generate a simulated drilling progress image. Relying on existing mature technologies, after importing the patient's pelvic image, the imaging terminal manually draws a red drilling channel. Through simple progress association, the red channel is progressively deepened and displayed, and the real-time depth and remaining distance are displayed simultaneously, intuitively showing the position of the drill bit inside the bone.

[0013] Preferably, the hand drill housing is provided with a mounting position for limiting and fixing the optical distance sensor. The detection direction of the optical distance sensor matches the feed direction of the drill bit. The mounting position is used to limit and fix the optical distance sensor, and the installation angle is parallel to the feed direction of the drill bit, ensuring that the detection optical path is consistent with the drilling direction, and further improving the accuracy of depth detection.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes a hand drill, an imaging terminal, a ranging component, a processor, and a control module to achieve real-time, accurate detection and intelligent control of the drilling depth for pelvic screw implantation. The ranging component collects depth data in real time and, in conjunction with bone surface zero-point calibration to unify the measurement benchmark, effectively eliminates soft tissue thickness interference and improves depth detection accuracy. The imaging terminal loads pelvic images and overlays a dynamic drilling channel display, intuitively presenting the drilling position. The control module supports dual-mode switching between speed limit reminders and forced shutdown, effectively avoiding the risk of drilling too deep and ensuring surgical safety. The overall system is easy to operate, adaptable to clinical surgical procedures, significantly improves the accuracy of drilling and screw implantation, and reduces the difficulty of surgical operations and medical risks. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a module connection view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a view showing the position of the ranging component and connecting line of the present invention on a hand drill.

[0017] Drawing number descriptions: 1. Hand drill; 11. Distance measuring component; 12. Optical distance sensor; 13. Connecting cable; 14. Control module; 15. Hand drill motor; 16. Early warning module; 2. Image terminal; 3. Processor. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] The following description is intended to disclose the invention so that those skilled in the art can implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention defined in the following description can be used in other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0020] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or position based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are merely simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing this invention and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0021] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple, and the term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the number.

[0022] Example: Please see Figure 1-3 A pelvic steel nail depth positioning system includes a hand drill 1, a distance measuring component 11, a light distance sensor 12, a connecting line 13, a control module 14, a hand drill motor 15, an early warning module 16, an image terminal 2, and a processor 3. The components are reasonably assembled and the linkage logic is clear, which fully realizes the system's depth positioning, early warning prompts, motor control, and image visualization functions.

[0023] Hand drill 1 is a special electric drilling instrument for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery. Hand drill 1 has a sealed internal hand drill motor 15, which serves as the power output source to drive the front drill rod and hollow drill bit to rotate and cut, thus completing the drilling operation of the pelvic bone.

[0024] The outer shell of the hand drill 1 is integrally formed with a dedicated mounting limit position. The mounting position is used to fix the distance measuring component 11. The distance measuring component 11 is preferably an optical distance sensor 12. The optical distance sensor 12 is fixed inside the mounting position of the hand drill 1 shell. The installation angle is parallel to the feed direction of the drill bit to ensure that the detection optical path is consistent with the drilling direction. The hand drill 1 shell has a dedicated shell hole corresponding to the transmitting end and receiving end of the optical distance sensor 12. The shell hole forms a transparent detection window, which allows light transmission without obstruction. This ensures that the detection light emitted by the optical distance sensor 12 can be emitted normally outward, and at the same time, it can stably receive the reflected echo signal, avoiding interference from the shell structure with the detection accuracy.

[0025] The control module 14 is sealed and integrated in the internal cavity of the hand drill 1. The control module 14 is stably electrically connected to the hand drill motor 15 through insulated wires. The control module 14 is the core of motor signal reception and execution. It integrates a signal analysis chip and a power regulation circuit. It can receive weak current control commands sent from the outside and convert them into power regulation signals that the motor can recognize, thereby achieving precise control of the speed and power supply of the hand drill motor 15.

[0026] The hand drill 1 has a fixed early warning module 16 embedded in its housing surface. The early warning module 16 uses a single component such as a buzzer or an LED warning light, or a combination of both, to simultaneously issue an audible alarm and a flashing light prompt. The early warning module 16 has a built-in signal receiving port, which can quickly respond to control trigger signals to ensure that the prompting action is synchronous and timely.

[0027] A connecting line 13 is fixedly installed on the side of the hand drill 1. The connecting line 13 is a composite integrated cable, which internally distinguishes between signal transmission core wires and low-voltage power supply core wires, with strong and weak currents separated to avoid signal interference. One end of the connecting line 13 is sealed and inserted into the inside of the hand drill 1, and is connected to the optical distance sensor 12, control module 14, and early warning module 16 respectively. The other end of the connecting line 13 is plugged into the standard interface reserved in the image terminal 2, which ultimately realizes bidirectional signal interaction and power supply between all electrical components of the hand drill and the processor 3 inside the image terminal 2.

[0028] Imaging terminal 2 is a medical touch display device. The core of the device is a processor 3. The front of imaging terminal 2 is equipped with a high-definition touch human-computer interaction interface. The interface provides access to multiple functions, including an image import and upload entry, a manual depth value input box, a zero-point calibration trigger button, a control mode switching button, a real-time depth value display bar, a simulated image display area, and an early warning status prompt bar. The entire process is visualized, making it easy for medical staff to set and adjust independently.

[0029] Processor 3 is the core control unit for the entire system's data processing, instruction issuance, data storage, and image processing. Processor 3 integrates multiple independent functional units, including a high-speed computing unit, a permanent data storage unit, a real-time signal acquisition unit, an image processing and rendering unit, and an instruction output control unit. Among them, the data storage unit has a power-off memory function, which can store the safe drilling limit depth value preset by medical staff, the original detection value of the calibrated bone surface reference zero point, the pelvic image file taken by the patient before operation, the equipment operating parameters, and the configuration parameters of the two control modes. The stored data can be called, read, compared, and refreshed by processor 3 at any time without repeated settings, ensuring the consistency of parameters during operation.

[0030] The processor 3 has a built-in zero-point calibration algorithm. This algorithm is an existing conventional data locking and comparison algorithm with no customized logic. It can be directly implemented through conventional programming. Before the formal drilling operation begins, the reference zero-point calibration needs to be completed. The calibration operation process and principle are as follows: Medical staff routinely set up the surgical position and complete the puncture channel establishment. The hollow drill rod is inserted through the inside of the external guide rod. The hand drill 1 is slowly advanced so that the front end of the hollow drill bit fits tightly against the surface of the cortical bone on the outside of the patient's pelvis. After confirming that the drill bit is not deviated and is stably fitted to the bone surface, the medical staff operates the touch interface of the imaging terminal 2 and clicks the zero-point calibration button. The button command is transmitted to the processor 3 in real time. The processor 3 immediately captures the original distance value fed back by the current optical distance sensor 12, locks the value and saves it to the internal storage unit, and sets it as the reference zero point for depth calculation. During subsequent drilling operations, the drill bit advances into the bone, and the distance between the optical distance sensor 12 and the external reference surface changes linearly in sync. The processor 3 computing unit collects the difference in distance before and after in real time, and uses the reference zero point value as a reference to accurately calculate the actual drilling depth of the drill bit in the bone, generating standardized depth data. This depth calculation method is the existing conventional difference calculation, without exclusive parameters or customized logic.

[0031] Furthermore, the imaging terminal 2 can load the patient's pelvic image and combine it with real-time depth data to generate a simulated drilling process. This simulation display function is entirely based on existing mature technologies in this field, and the specific implementation method is as follows: The first step is to import and store preoperative images: Medical staff upload and load the pelvic image files obtained from the patient's preoperative X-rays into the imaging terminal 2. The imaging terminal 2 uses the existing general image processing program built into the device to complete image reading, format compatibility adaptation and local storage, and fixes the patient's original pelvic bone image as the underlying background image for the entire display. The image import, parsing and storage methods are all common and conventional technologies known in existing medical imaging equipment.

[0032] The second step is to mark the drilling path: Through the human-computer interaction interface of the imaging terminal 2, medical staff manually select and mark the lateral cortical bone needle insertion point and the medial safety boundary point on the original pelvic image displayed, in accordance with the surgical planning requirements. Relying on the conventional line drawing function built into the imaging terminal 2, a red indicator line is drawn between the two marked points to form a clear and visible preset drilling path. The lines are drawn and the points are marked.

[0033] The third step is to perform a simple correlation of depth progress: the processor 3 receives the drilling depth data collected in real time by the ranging component 11, and performs a simple progress correspondence matching between the overall drilling stroke and the total length of the preset red line, and displays the progress only by the length of the drilling stroke corresponding to the line.

[0034] The fourth step is to set up a layered display: The imaging terminal 2 adopts the industry-standard dual-layer display structure. The bottom layer is fixed with the patient's original pelvic image, and the upper layer is set with a transparent and visible independent annotation layer. The red drilling channel lines drawn in the early stage are completely set on the surface of the upper transparent layer. The upper layer will not obscure the image of the underlying skeletal anatomy.

[0035] Fifth, real-time synchronous display of drilling progress: During the actual drilling operation, processor 3 continuously receives real-time depth feedback data. Based on the actual drilling stroke length, the red channel line on the upper transparent layer gradually deepens the color and strengthens the display in segments from the needle entry point inward. The dynamic deepening range of the red line intuitively reflects the current position of the drill bit within the bone. At the same time, the side of the imaging terminal 2 interface synchronously displays the current real-time drilling depth value and the remaining safe depth value in text format, making it convenient for medical staff to read and refer to intuitively.

[0036] When the optical distance sensor 12 is working, it continuously emits quantitative detection light. The light is projected onto a fixed reference surface in the surgical puncture area and reflected back to the receiving end of the optical distance sensor 12. The optical distance sensor 12 calculates the time difference and phase difference between the light emission and reception. This calculation method is the conventional detection principle of the optical distance sensor. It calculates the straight-line distance between itself and the reference surface in real time, continuously generates real-time distance data, and uploads it to the signal acquisition unit of the processor 3 in real time through the internal signal core wire of the connecting line 13, thus fully realizing the function of real-time acquisition of depth data.

[0037] The processor 3 retrieves the preset limit depth value pre-entered in the storage unit in real time and performs a continuous difference comparison operation between the real-time intraosseous drilling depth and the preset limit depth. This comparison operation uses existing conventional numerical comparison logic without a customized algorithm. When the real-time depth approaches the preset threshold range or completely reaches the preset limit depth, the processor 3 outputs control signals in different levels. One signal is transmitted to the warning module 16, which triggers the buzzer to sound continuously and the warning light to flash at high frequency, forming a dual sensory reminder. The other signal is transmitted to the control module 14. After receiving the instruction, the control module 14 executes the corresponding action according to the currently selected working mode, thus fully realizing the function of controlling the operating status of the hand drill motor.

[0038] The control module 14 has two controllable working modes to adapt to different drilling protection requirements. The first mode is the speed limit reminder mode. In this mode, the control module 14 will not cut off the power supply to the hand drill motor 15. Instead, it will reduce the working speed of the hand drill motor 15 through the internal power adjustment circuit and remind the doctor to stop drilling by running at a low speed. This mode fully preserves the initiative of manual operation and is suitable for doctors who are used to manually stopping the operation. The second mode is the forced stop mode. In this mode, when the depth reaches the preset limit value, the control module 14 directly cuts off the power supply circuit of the hand drill motor 15, forcing the motor to stop. This hard-limits the maximum drilling depth from the power perspective, eliminating the risk of over-drilling caused by human error.

[0039] During use, medical staff position the patient for surgery, disinfect and drape the area, pass the hollow drill rod through the guide rod to confirm the surgical puncture channel, and simultaneously import the patient's preoperative pelvic image into the imaging terminal 2. They input the preset safe drilling depth on the interactive interface, select the control module 14's working mode (speed limit reminder or forced stop), and operate the hand drill 1 to stably contact the drill tip with the bone surface. Zero-point calibration is triggered through the imaging terminal 2, the processor 3 locks and stores the reference zero-point value, and the hand drill 1 starts drilling. The optical distance sensor 12 collects distance data in real time and transmits it to the processor 3. The processor 3 calculates the actual depth within the bone and simultaneously displays the real-time depth value and dynamic drilling simulation on the imaging terminal 2. When the depth approaches or reaches the preset limit value, the warning module 16 issues an audible and visual alert, and the control module 14 executes speed limit or forced stop operations according to the selected mode. After drilling is completed, tapping is performed based on the system's accurately detected depth, and pelvic steel nails are implanted, effectively ensuring precise positioning of the steel nail implantation depth.

[0040] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are merely examples and do not limit the present invention. The objectives of the present invention have been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and explained in the embodiments, and any modifications or variations of the embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the stated principles.

Claims

1. A pelvic steel nail depth positioning system, characterized in that: It includes a hand drill (1) and an image terminal (2). The hand drill (1) is equipped with a hand drill motor (15), and the image terminal (2) is equipped with a processor (3). It also includes a ranging component (11), a control module (14) and an early warning module (16). The ranging component (11) and the control module (14) are respectively connected to the processor (3) via signals. The control module (14) is electrically connected to the hand drill motor (15). The image terminal (2) has image loading and parameter preset functions. The ranging component (11) is used to collect drilling depth data in real time. The processor (3) matches and compares the depth data with the preset parameters, links the early warning module (16) to provide prompts, and controls the running status of the hand drill motor (15) through the control module (14).

2. The pelvic steel nail depth positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ranging component (11) is a light distance sensor (12). The light distance sensor (12) is fixedly installed on the housing of the hand drill (1). The housing of the hand drill (1) has a transparent window for the light distance sensor (12) to collect light and measure distance.

3. The pelvic steel nail depth positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module (14) is integrated inside the hand drill (1). The control module (14) receives control signals from the processor (3) to adjust the working state of the hand drill motor (15).

4. The pelvic steel nail depth positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processor (3) is integrated inside the imaging terminal (2). The processor (3) receives depth data collected by the optical distance sensor (12). The imaging terminal (2) is equipped with a human-computer interaction interface.

5. The pelvic steel nail depth positioning system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The processor (3) is equipped with a zero-point calibration function, using the position of the drill bit against the bone surface as the reference origin for depth measurement.

6. The pelvic steel nail depth positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The warning module (16) is assembled on the hand drill (1), and the warning module (16) is an audio-visual prompting component.

7. The pelvic steel nail depth positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module (14) has two controllable working modes to adapt to different borehole protection requirements.

8. The pelvic steel nail depth positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The imaging terminal (2) can load the patient's pelvic image and combine it with real-time depth data to generate a drilling simulation image.

9. The pelvic steel nail depth positioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hand drill (1) housing is provided with a mounting position for limiting and fixing the optical distance sensor (12), and the detection direction of the optical distance sensor (12) matches the feed direction of the drill bit.

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