A positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma operation

Abstract

The application provides a positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma operation, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The positioning device comprises a laser positioning device and a positioning base, the laser positioning device and the positioning base are connected through sliding rails, a guide assembly is slidably installed on the positioning base, the guide assembly comprises a first sliding plate, the first sliding plate is slidably installed on the positioning base, one end of the first sliding plate is provided with a first arc-shaped plate, the other end of the first sliding plate is slidably provided with a sliding base, a sliding cylinder is slidably installed on the sliding base, an arc-shaped scale plate is arranged on the top of the sliding base, fixed cones are arranged at the two ends of the arc-shaped scale plate, a skull drill mounting assembly is slidably installed on the arc-shaped scale plate, and a skull drill is mounted on the skull drill mounting assembly. In the above scheme, the positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma operation is provided with the guide assembly, so that the skull drill can be limited to continue feeding after drilling through the skull, and the drill bit can be prevented from piercing the skull membrane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma. Background Technology

[0002] The positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma refers to a medical auxiliary device used in the field of neurosurgery to accurately mark, locate, and guide the skull drilling site, surgical approach, and lesion area during traumatic surgeries such as craniotomy, hematoma evacuation, burr hole drainage, and brain tissue biopsy for patients with craniocerebral trauma.

[0003] Clinically, in traumatic surgeries, medical staff typically use a cranial drill to drill into the patient's skull. Before the surgery, based on a preoperative assessment, medical staff will use a positioning device to determine the drilling direction of the cranial drill. However, during drilling, if the medical staff does not hold the drill firmly, the drill may deviate from its intended path, affecting subsequent surgical procedures. Furthermore, during drilling, the drill bit automatically stops rotating after penetrating the skull, while the drill sleeve surrounding the drill bit rotates to release the kinetic energy of the drill. If the medical staff continues to advance the drill at this point, the drill bit may puncture the patient's periosteum, which is also detrimental to subsequent surgical procedures. Therefore, this invention provides a positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma surgery to meet these needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma surgery to solve the technical problems that the drilling hole of the skull drill may be deviated due to the medical staff's poor grip, and that the drill bit may puncture the periosteum after drilling through the skull, thus affecting subsequent surgical operations.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma includes a laser positioning device and a positioning base. The laser positioning device and the positioning base are connected by a sliding rail. A guide assembly is slidably mounted on the positioning base. The guide assembly includes a first sliding plate, which is slidably mounted on and locked to the positioning base. A first arc-shaped plate is mounted on one end of the first sliding plate, and a sliding base is slidably mounted on the other end, which is locked to the first sliding plate. A sliding cylinder is slidably mounted on the sliding base, which is locked to the sliding base. An arc-shaped plate is provided on the top of the sliding base, and fixed cones are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped plate. A skull drill mounting assembly is slidably mounted on the arc-shaped plate, and the skull drill mounting assembly is locked to the arc-shaped plate. The skull drill is mounted on the skull drill mounting assembly.

[0007] Optionally, a first sliding groove is formed on the top outer wall of the positioning base, a threaded rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end of the first sliding groove, a first sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first sliding plate, the first sliding block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first sliding groove, the first sliding plate is fixedly connected to the top of the first sliding block, a second sliding plate is fixedly connected to the end of the first sliding plate away from the first arc-shaped plate, a fifth sliding groove is formed on the middle outer wall of the sliding base, the sliding base is slidably connected to the outer wall of the second sliding plate through the fifth sliding groove, one end of the first arc-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the top of the first sliding plate, a plurality of second arc-shaped plates are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer walls of both sides of the first arc-shaped plate, and an arc-shaped support plate is fixedly connected to the end of the first arc-shaped plate away from the first sliding plate.

[0008] Optionally, the sliding base has symmetrical second sliding grooves on both sides of its top, and second rotating handles are symmetrically threaded onto the outer walls of both sides of the sliding base. A first rotating handle is threaded onto the outer wall of the bottom of the sliding base. The sliding cylinder is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding groove. The top end of the sliding cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped plate. The two ends of the arc-shaped plate are symmetrically threaded onto third rotating handles. The end of the third rotating handle near the central axis of the arc-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the end wall of the fixed cone. The outer wall of the top of the arc-shaped plate has a third sliding groove.

[0009] Optionally, the skull drill mounting assembly includes a first threaded protrusion, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the third sliding groove. A U-shaped base is fixedly connected to the top of the first threaded protrusion, and a nut is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded protrusion.

[0010] Optionally, a first fixing plate is fixedly connected to one end of the U-shaped base. The bottom outer wall of the first fixing plate has several toothed grooves. A first rotating protrusion is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the first fixing plate near the end of the U-shaped base. A rotating wheel is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first rotating protrusion near the top. An L-shaped sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped base. A fourth elastic plate is fixedly connected to one end of the L-shaped sliding plate, and a first elastic plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the L-shaped sliding plate.

[0011] Optionally, a baffle is fixedly connected to the end of the first elastic plate away from the L-shaped sliding plate, and an avoidance groove is provided on the outer wall of the baffle near the middle. An abutment plate is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the avoidance groove. A first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the L-shaped sliding plate near the fourth elastic plate, and a fixing cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the first connecting plate away from the L-shaped sliding plate.

[0012] Optionally, a first rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder near the first connecting plate. A plurality of third elastic plates arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating cylinder away from the fixed cylinder. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the end of the third elastic plate away from the first rotating cylinder. A clamping block is fixedly connected to the end of the guide plate away from the third elastic plate. A plurality of anti-slip grooves arranged in an arc-shaped array are formed on the outer wall of the clamping block near the central axis of the first rotating cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of fourth sliding grooves are provided on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder away from the first connecting plate in a circumferential array. A second threaded protrusion is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fourth sliding groove. A second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the second threaded protrusion near the first rotating cylinder. A second rotating cylinder is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second threaded protrusion. An abutment post is fixedly connected to the end of the second connecting plate away from the second threaded protrusion.

[0014] Optionally, a second fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first connecting plate near the middle, a rotating column is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the second fixing plate, a clamping plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating column, a second elastic plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the clamping plate near the L-shaped sliding plate, the other end of the second elastic plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column, and a second rotating protrusion is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the clamping plate.

[0015] Optionally, a rotating circular plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating protrusion, and a cable is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating circular plate. A third fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating cylinder. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first connecting plate on the side closest to the second rotating protrusion, and the end of the cable away from the rotating circular plate passes through the limiting ring and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third fixing plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] In the above scheme, by setting up a guide component, the drilling direction of the skull drill can be adjusted according to the preoperative assessment and the patient's position characteristics. It can also restrict medical staff from continuing to advance the skull drill after the drill bit penetrates the skull, so as to avoid the drill bit piercing the periosteum and affecting subsequent surgical operations. In addition, it can also provide a fixing effect on the skull drill during the drilling process to prevent the drill from deviating due to the medical staff's poor grip.

[0018] By setting up a first sliding block, a first sliding plate, a first arc-shaped plate, a second arc-shaped plate, and an arc-shaped support plate, the device can conform to the contours of the patient's neck and head, adapt to the different body positions of different patients when lying down, and improve the patient's comfort during the operation.

[0019] By setting up a second sliding plate, a sliding base, a first rotating handle, a second rotating handle, a sliding cylinder, an arc-shaped plate, a third rotating handle, and a fixing cone, the height of the arc-shaped plate can be adjusted according to the preoperative assessment and the differences in the patient's head contour, and the patient's head can also be fixed, providing convenience for subsequent operations.

[0020] By setting up a U-shaped base, nut, first fixing plate, and rotating wheel, the angle of the U-shaped base can be adjusted according to the preoperative assessment results and the scale on the arc-shaped plate, which facilitates subsequent operations.

[0021] By setting up an L-shaped sliding plate, a fourth elastic plate, a first elastic plate, and a baffle, it can not only be adapted to different models of skull drills, but also play a role in fixing the skull drill during surgery, preventing the drill hole from shifting due to the medical staff's inability to hold it firmly.

[0022] By setting up a first connecting plate, a fixed cylinder, a third elastic plate, a guide plate, a clamping block, a second connecting plate, and a contact post, not only can the first rotating cylinder be driven to rotate by rotating the drill bit sleeve, providing convenience for subsequent operations, but it can also be adapted to drill bit sleeves of different sizes, ensuring that the drill bit sleeve can stably drive the first rotating cylinder to rotate synchronously when rotating.

[0023] By setting a second fixing plate, a clamping plate, a second elastic plate, and a cable, the fixing sleeve can be limited during the rotation of the drill sleeve, preventing the skull drill from continuing to advance after penetrating the skull, which could lead to damage to the periosteum, affect the surgical operation, or even cause secondary injury to the patient. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the laser positioning device and positioning base of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first sliding plate, the arc-shaped engraving plate, and the L-shaped sliding plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first sliding plate, the second sliding plate, the first arc-shaped plate, and the arc-shaped support plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding base, the first rotating handle, and the second rotating handle of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding cylinder, arc-shaped plate, and third rotating handle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixed cylinder, the fourth elastic plate, the U-shaped base, and the L-shaped sliding plate of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first fixing plate, the U-shaped base, and the first threaded protrusion of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixed cylinder, the first rotating cylinder, the L-shaped sliding plate, and the fourth elastic plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the L-shaped sliding plate, the fourth elastic plate, and the baffle of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged 3D structural diagram at point A;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second rotating cylinder, the second connecting plate, and the abutting column of the present invention.

[0036] [Figure Labels]

[0037] 1. Laser positioning device; 2. Positioning base; 3. First sliding groove; 4. Threaded rotating rod; 5. First sliding block; 6. First sliding plate; 7. Second sliding plate; 8. First arc-shaped plate; 9. Second arc-shaped plate; 10. Arc-shaped support plate; 11. Sliding base; 12. Second sliding groove; 13. First rotating handle; 14. Second rotating handle; 15. Sliding cylinder; 16. Arc-shaped engraving plate; 17. Third sliding groove; 18. Third rotating handle; 19. Fixed cone; 20. First threaded protrusion; 21. Nut; 22. U-shaped base; 23. First fixed plate; 24. First rotating protrusion; 25. Rotating wheel; 26. L-shaped sliding plate; 2 7. First elastic plate; 28. Baffle; 29. ​​Clearance groove; 30. Abutment plate; 31. First connecting plate; 32. Fixing cylinder; 33. Fourth sliding groove; 34. Second fixing plate; 35. Clamping plate; 36. Second elastic plate; 37. First rotating cylinder; 38. Third elastic plate; 39. Guide plate; 40. Clamping block; 41. Anti-slip groove; 42. Second threaded protrusion; 43. Second connecting plate; 44. Second rotating cylinder; 45. Abutment post; 46. Fourth elastic plate; 47. Third fixing plate; 48. Limiting ring; 49. Cable; 50. Rotating circular plate; 51. Second rotating protrusion; 52. Rotating post; 53. Fifth sliding groove. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma, including a laser positioning device 1 and a positioning base 2. The laser positioning device 1 and the positioning base 2 are connected by a sliding rail. The laser positioning device 1 can slide on the sliding rail. The positioning base 2 is a square metal plate. The sliding rail is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the positioning base 2 near one side. The sliding rail adopts the prior art, which will not be described in detail in this application. A guide assembly is slidably mounted on the positioning base 2. The guide assembly includes a first sliding plate 6, which is slidably mounted on and locked onto the positioning base 2. A first arc-shaped plate 8 is mounted on one end of the first sliding plate 6, and a sliding base 11 is slidably mounted on the other end. The sliding base 11 is locked onto the first sliding plate 6. A sliding cylinder 15 is slidably mounted on the sliding base 11 and locked onto the sliding base 11. An arc-shaped plate 16 is provided on the top of the sliding base 11. Fixed cones 19 are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped plate 16. A skull drill mounting assembly is slidably mounted on the arc-shaped plate 16 and locked onto the arc-shaped plate 16. The skull drill is mounted on the skull drill mounting assembly.

[0040] The positioning device in this embodiment is equipped with a guide component, which is used to guide the skull drill. The guide component is connected to the positioning base 2. In use, the patient places their head on the positioning base 2, and then the laser positioning device 1 is used. The guide component can not only adjust the drilling direction of the skull drill according to the preoperative assessment and the patient's position characteristics, but also restrict the medical staff from continuing to advance the skull drill after the drill bit penetrates the skull, so as to avoid the drill bit piercing the periosteum and affecting subsequent surgical operations. In addition, it can also provide a fixing effect on the skull drill during the drilling process to prevent the drill from deviating due to the medical staff's poor grip.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a first sliding groove 3 is provided on the top outer wall of the positioning base 2. The first sliding groove 3 is a square groove and is located in the middle of the top outer wall of the positioning base 2. A threaded rotating rod 4 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end of the first sliding groove 3. The threaded rotating rod 4 consists of two parts: a screw and a handle. The handle is located at the end of the screw and is larger than the screw to facilitate rotation by medical personnel. A first sliding block 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first sliding plate 6. The first sliding block 5 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first sliding groove 3. The first sliding block 5 is a convex metal cylinder with a threaded groove on its outer wall. The outer contour of the first sliding block 5 matches the inner contour of the first sliding groove 3, so the first sliding block 5 can slide on the inner wall of the first sliding groove 3. Because the threaded groove on the first sliding block 5 matches the outer contour of the threaded rotating rod 4, when the threaded rotating rod 4 rotates, the first sliding block 5 will not rotate with the threaded rotating rod 4 due to the constraint of the first sliding groove 3. Instead, as the threaded rotating rod 4 rotates, the first sliding block 5 will slide along the inner wall of the first sliding groove 3. The first sliding plate 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the first sliding block 5. The first sliding plate 6 is a square metal plate. One end of the first arc-shaped plate 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the first sliding plate 6. The first arc-shaped plate 8 is an arc-shaped plastic plate. When the patient places their head on the positioning base 2, the patient's neck will press on the first arc-shaped plate 8. At this time, the first arc-shaped plate 8 will be subjected to force and deform along its curvature. Several second arc-shaped plates 9 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the first arc-shaped plate 8. The second arc-shaped plates 9 are arc-shaped plastic plates, and the end of the second arc-shaped plate 9 away from the first arc-shaped plate 8 is an open end. At this time, when the patient's neck presses on the first arc-shaped plate 8, the second arc-shaped plate 9 will be subjected to force and deform along its curvature to conform to the contour of the patient's neck. An arc-shaped support plate 10 is fixedly connected to the end of the first arc-shaped plate 8 away from the first sliding plate 6. The arc-shaped support plate 10 is a plastic plate with a fan-shaped structure and a certain curvature. Several segmented grooves are provided on the outer wall of the side of the arc-shaped support plate 10 away from the first arc-shaped plate 8 in a linear array.

[0042] Before the procedure, medical staff can rotate the threaded rotating rod 4 according to the preoperative assessment, causing the first sliding block 5 to slide along the inner wall of the first sliding groove 3. The first sliding plate 6 will move synchronously with the first sliding block 5, and the first arc-shaped plate 8 and the arc-shaped support plate 10 will also move synchronously with the first sliding plate 6, thus adapting to the different body positions of different patients after lying down. When the patient's head is placed on the positioning base 2, the patient's head and neck will be pressed against the arc-shaped support plate 10 and the first arc-shaped plate 8 respectively. The arc-shaped support plate 10 will be stressed and deformed along its bending direction, and the first arc-shaped plate 8 will be stressed and deformed along its bending direction. At this time, the arc-shaped support plate 10 will conform to the contour of the patient's head, and the first arc-shaped plate 8 will conform to the contour of the patient's neck. The above structural settings can conform to the contours of the patient's neck and head, adapt to the different body positions of different patients when lying down, and improve the patient's comfort during the procedure.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a second sliding plate 7 is fixedly connected to the end of the first sliding plate 6 away from the first arc-shaped plate 8. The second sliding plate 7 is a square metal plate, and its top has several scales arranged in a linear array (e.g., Figure 4 (As shown). The sliding base 11 is an elliptical metal cylinder. A fifth sliding groove 53 is formed on the outer wall of the middle part of the sliding base 11. The fifth sliding groove 53 is a square groove. Since the inner contour of the fifth sliding groove 53 matches the outer contour of the second sliding plate 7, the sliding base 11 can be slidably connected to the outer wall of the second sliding plate 7 through the fifth sliding groove 53. A first rotating handle 13 is threadedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the sliding base 11. The first rotating handle 13 consists of two parts: a screw and a handle. The handle is located at the end of the screw, and the size of the handle is larger than the size of the screw to facilitate rotation by medical personnel. When medical personnel slide the sliding base 11 along the outer wall of the second sliding plate 7 according to the preoperative assessment, and then rotate the first rotating handle 13, the first rotating handle 13 will rotate and abut against the bottom outer wall of the second sliding plate 7, thus locking the sliding base 11. The sliding base 11 has symmetrical second sliding grooves 12 on both sides of its top. The second sliding grooves 12 are circular grooves that extend from the top to the bottom of the sliding base 11 (e.g., Figure 5 As shown), the sliding cylinder 15 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding groove 12. The sliding cylinder 15 is a circular metal cylinder, and the outer wall of the sliding cylinder 15 is provided with graduations (such as...). Figure 6As shown), the sliding base 11 has symmetrically threaded second rotating handles 14 on both outer walls. Each second rotating handle 14 consists of a screw and a handle, with the handle located at the end of the screw. The handle is larger than the screw to facilitate rotation by medical personnel. When the patient rotates the second rotating handle 14, the end of the second rotating handle 14 furthest from the handle screws into the second sliding groove 12 and abuts against the outer wall of the sliding cylinder 15, locking the sliding cylinder 15. The top of the sliding cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped plate 16. The arc-shaped plate 16 is a metal plate with an arc-shaped structure, and its top outer wall has an arc-shaped array of graduations (such as...). Figure 6 (As shown). The two ends of the arc-shaped plate 16 are symmetrically threaded with a third rotating handle 18. The third rotating handle 18 consists of two parts: a screw and a handle. The handle is located at the end of the screw, and its size is larger than that of the screw to facilitate rotation by medical personnel. The end of the third rotating handle 18 near the central axis of the arc-shaped plate 16 is rotatably connected to the end wall of the fixed cone 19, which is a conical metal cylinder.

[0044] When the patient places their head on the positioning base 2, medical staff can adjust the height of the arc-shaped plate 16 according to the preoperative assessment. During this process, the sliding cylinder 15 will slide along the inner wall of the second sliding groove 12 under the action of the arc-shaped plate 16. After the sliding cylinder 15 moves to the appropriate position, the second rotating handle 14 is rotated to make it rotate and abut against the outer wall of the sliding cylinder 15 to lock the sliding cylinder 15. Then the third rotating handle 18 is rotated, which drives the fixing cone 19 to move towards the patient's head. The two fixing cones 19 will abut against the patient's skull under the action of the two third rotating handles 18, thus fixing the patient's head. The above structural settings can not only adjust the height of the arc-shaped plate 16 according to the preoperative assessment and the differences in the patient's head contour, but also fix the patient's head, providing convenience for subsequent operations.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figures 6 to 8As shown, the skull drill mounting assembly includes a first threaded protrusion 20. A third sliding groove 17, an arc-shaped groove, is formed on the top outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 16. The first threaded protrusion 20 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the third sliding groove 17. The first threaded protrusion 20 is a convex metal cylinder, and its outer wall near the top is threaded. Because the outer contour of the first threaded protrusion 20 matches the inner contour of the third sliding groove 17, the first threaded protrusion 20 can slide on the inner wall of the third sliding groove 17. A U-shaped base 22, a U-shaped metal plate, is fixedly connected to the top of the first threaded protrusion 20. A nut 21 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded protrusion 20. When the first threaded protrusion 20 slides along the inner wall of the third sliding groove 17, the U-shaped base 22 moves synchronously with the first threaded protrusion 20. After the U-shaped base 22 moves to the appropriate position, the nut 21 is rotated, and the nut 21 will be screwed in the direction of the U-shaped base 22. During the rotation, its top end abuts against the bottom outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 16, thereby limiting the first threaded protrusion 20. One end of the U-shaped base 22 is fixedly connected to a first fixing plate 23. The first fixing plate 23 is a square metal plate, and several toothed grooves are opened on the bottom outer wall of the first fixing plate 23. At the same time, a first rotating protrusion 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the first fixing plate 23 near the end of the U-shaped base 22. The first rotating protrusion 24 is a convex metal cylinder. A rotating wheel 25 is rotatably connected to the outer wall near the top of the first rotating protrusion 24. The rotating wheel 25 is a hollow cylinder made of rubber, and its inner wall contour is adapted to the outer wall contour of the first rotating protrusion 24. Therefore, the rotating wheel 25 can rotate on the outer wall of the first rotating protrusion 24.

[0046] When medical staff slide the first threaded protrusion 20 along the inner wall of the third sliding groove 17 to a suitable position according to the preoperative assessment and the scale on the arc-shaped plate 16, the rotating wheel 25 will rotate along the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 16. Then, the nut 21 will be rotated so that its top abuts against the bottom outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 16. With the cooperation of the rotating wheel 25, the U-shaped base 22 is limited. The above structural settings can adjust the angle of the U-shaped base 22 according to the preoperative assessment results and the scale on the arc-shaped plate 16, which provides convenience for subsequent operations.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figures 7 to 10As shown, an L-shaped sliding plate 26 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped base 22. The L-shaped sliding plate 26 is an L-shaped metal plate, and its outer contour matches the inner contour of the U-shaped base 22, allowing it to slide on the inner wall of the U-shaped base 22. A fourth elastic plate 46 is fixedly connected to one end of the L-shaped sliding plate 26 near the arc-shaped support plate 10. The fourth elastic plate 46 is a C-shaped metal plate. When the skull drill is attached to the fourth elastic plate 46, the fourth elastic plate 46 will be stressed and deform along its bending direction. A first elastic plate 27 is fixedly connected to the other end of the L-shaped sliding plate 26. The first elastic plate 27 is a C-shaped metal plate, and it will deform along its bending direction when stressed. A baffle 28 is fixedly connected to the end of the first elastic plate 27 away from the L-shaped sliding plate 26. The baffle 28 is a square metal plate, and its top end has a metal plate that slopes away from the first elastic plate 27. This arrangement helps to guide the installation of the skull drill. A clearance groove 29 is formed on the outer wall of the baffle 28 near the middle. The clearance groove 29 is a square groove, and an abutment plate 30 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the clearance groove 29. The abutment plate 30 is a square metal plate. The end of the abutment plate 30 near the clearance groove 29 is in the same direction of slope as the top end of the baffle 28, and the end of the abutment plate 30 away from the clearance groove 29 is an open end.

[0048] When medical staff install the skull drill onto the fourth elastic plate 46, the end of the skull drill away from the drill sleeve will abut against the outer wall of the contact plate 30 away from the baffle 28 during the installation process. During this process, the first elastic plate 27 will be stressed and deformed along its bending direction, and the top of the contact plate 30 will also be stressed and deformed along its bending direction. At this time, the skull drill is fixed by the elasticity of the first elastic plate 27 and the contact plate 30. The above structural settings can not only be adapted to different models of skull drills, but also fix the skull drill during the operation to avoid the drill hole shifting due to the medical staff's poor grip.

[0049] like Figures 9 to 12As shown, a first connecting plate 31 is fixedly connected to one end of the L-shaped sliding plate 26 near the fourth elastic plate 46. The first connecting plate 31 is a square metal plate. A fixed cylinder 32, a hollow metal cylinder, is fixedly connected to the end of the first connecting plate 31 away from the L-shaped sliding plate 26. A first rotating cylinder 37, also a hollow metal cylinder, is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the end of the fixed cylinder 32 near the first connecting plate 31. Several third elastic plates 38, arranged in a circular array, are fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating cylinder 37 away from the fixed cylinder 32. The third elastic plates 38 are C-shaped metal plates. When the third elastic plates 38 are subjected to force, they deform along their bending direction. A guide plate 39, a fan-shaped metal plate with a certain curvature, is fixedly connected to the end of the third elastic plate 38 away from the first rotating cylinder 37. A clamping block 40 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide plate 39 away from the third elastic plate 38. The clamping block 40 is a fan-shaped rubber block, and one end of the clamping block 40 is provided with an inclined surface. Several anti-slip grooves 41 are provided on the outer wall of the clamping block 40 near the central axis of the first rotating cylinder 37. The anti-slip grooves 41 are square grooves, so that slippage can occur during rotation.

[0050] When medical staff install the skull drill, they first insert the drill bit into the first rotating cylinder 37. During this process, the guide plate 39 guides the insertion of the drill sleeve, and the outer wall of the anti-slip groove 41 on the clamping block 40 abuts against the outer wall of the drill sleeve. When the drill sleeve rotates, the clamping block 40 rotates synchronously with the drill sleeve under the action of the anti-slip groove 41. The guide plate 39 and the third elastic plate 38 also rotate synchronously with the drill sleeve. The third elastic plate 38 drives the first rotating cylinder 37 to rotate synchronously. The above structural arrangement allows the first rotating cylinder 37 to rotate by rotating the drill sleeve, facilitating subsequent operations.

[0051] For example Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 32 away from the first connecting plate 31 has several fourth sliding grooves 33 arranged in a circular array. The fourth sliding groove 33 is a square groove with arcs at both ends. A second threaded protrusion 42 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fourth sliding groove 33. The second threaded protrusion 42 is a convex metal cylinder, and its outer wall is threaded. A second connecting plate 43 is fixedly connected to the end of the second threaded protrusion 42 near the first rotating cylinder 37. The second connecting plate 43 is an L-shaped metal plate. The outer contour of the second connecting plate 43 matches the inner contour of the fourth sliding groove 33, so the second connecting plate 43 can slide on the inner wall of the fourth sliding groove 33. A contact post 45 is fixedly connected to the end of the second connecting plate 43 away from the second threaded protrusion 42. The contact post 45 consists of two parts: a triangular prism at the top and a square prism at the bottom. An inclined surface is provided on the outer wall of the bottom of the end of the contact post 45 away from the second connecting plate 43. The outer wall of the top of the contact post 45 abuts against the inclined surface of the clamping block 40. When the second connecting plate 43 slides along the inner wall of the fourth sliding groove 33 toward the central axis of the fixed cylinder 32, the contact post 45 moves synchronously with the second connecting plate 43. The top of the contact post 45 abuts against the inclined outer wall of the clamping block 40, and the clamping block 40 moves toward the central axis of the first rotating cylinder 37. The guide plate 39 tilts synchronously with the clamping block 40, and the third elastic plate 38 is subjected to force and deforms along its bending direction.

[0052] like Figure 12 As shown, a second rotating cylinder 44 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second threaded protrusion 42. The second rotating cylinder 44 is a hollow metal cylinder with threads on its inner wall, and an anti-slip groove is provided on the outer wall of the second rotating cylinder 44. Since the inner wall contour of the second rotating cylinder 44 matches the outer wall contour of the second threaded protrusion 42, when the second rotating cylinder 44 is rotated, it can rotate and abut against the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 32. At the same time, the end of the abutment post 45 near the second connecting plate 43 will abut against the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 32 during the rotation of the second threaded protrusion 42, thereby limiting the position of the abutment post 45. When the drill sleeve rotates, the clamping block 40 rotates synchronously with the drill sleeve under the action of the anti-slip groove 41. Under the contact of the outer wall of the top of the abutment post 45 and the guidance of the inclined surface of the clamping block 40, the clamping block 40 will move towards the central axis of the first rotating cylinder 37 under the contact of the abutment post 45. This increases the friction between the outer wall of the clamping block 40 with the anti-slip groove 41 and the outer wall of the drill sleeve, so that the drill sleeve can drive the clamping block 40 to rotate. The above structural settings can not only drive the first rotating cylinder 37 to rotate by rotating the drill sleeve, providing convenience for subsequent operations, but also adapt to drill sleeves of different sizes, ensuring that the drill sleeve can stably drive the first rotating cylinder 37 to rotate synchronously when rotating.

[0053] like Figures 9 to 11As shown, a second fixing plate 34 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first connecting plate 31 near the middle. The second fixing plate 34 is a U-shaped metal plate. A rotating column 52 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the second fixing plate 34. The rotating column 52 is a circular metal column. A clamping plate 35 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating column 52. The clamping plate 35 is a square metal plate, and a square groove (e.g., a square groove) is formed on the outer wall of the middle part of the clamping plate 35. Figure 9 (As shown). A second elastic plate 36 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the clamping plate 35 near the L-shaped sliding plate 26. The second elastic plate 36 is a C-shaped metal plate, and the other end of the second elastic plate 36 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column 52. When the second elastic plate 36 is subjected to force, it will deform along its bending direction. In the initial state, the clamping plate 35 will remain tilted towards the fourth elastic plate 46 and abut against the toothed groove opened on the bottom of the first fixed plate 23.

[0054] For example Figure 9 As shown, a second rotating protrusion 51 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the card plate 35. The second rotating protrusion 51 is a convex metal cylinder. A limiting ring 48 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first connecting plate 31 near the second rotating protrusion 51. The limiting ring 48 is a metal ring. A rotating circular plate 50 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating protrusion 51. The rotating circular plate 50 is a hollow metal cylinder. The inner wall contour of the rotating circular plate 50 matches the outer wall contour of the second rotating protrusion 51. Therefore, the rotating circular plate 50 can rotate on the outer wall of the second rotating protrusion 51. A cable 49 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating circular plate 50, and a third fixing plate 47 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating cylinder 37. The third fixing plate 47 is a square metal plate and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating cylinder 37 near the limiting ring 48. One end of the cable 49 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating circular plate 50, and the other end of the cable 49 away from the rotating circular plate 50 passes through the limiting ring 48 and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third fixing plate 47.

[0055] In this embodiment, when the first rotating cylinder 37 rotates under the drive of the drill sleeve, the third fixing plate 47 rotates synchronously with the first rotating cylinder 37 and pulls the cable 49. The cable 49 then drives the rotating circular plate 50 to move synchronously. The rotating circular plate 50 then drives the second rotating protrusion 51 to move and drives the clamping plate 35 to rotate around the rotating column 52. At this time, the second elastic plate 36 will be subjected to force and deform along its bending direction. The end of the clamping plate 35 away from the second elastic plate 36 will abut against the tooth groove at an appropriate position on the bottom of the first fixing plate 23 to limit the second fixing plate 34. The first connecting plate 31 and the fixing cylinder 32 are also limited synchronously, thereby preventing medical personnel from continuing to push the skull drill. The above structural settings can limit the fixing cylinder 32 during the rotation of the drill sleeve, preventing the skull drill from penetrating the skull and continuing to advance, which could damage the periosteum, affect the surgical operation, or even cause secondary injury to the patient.

[0056] The working process of the positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma provided by this invention is as follows:

[0057] In the above scheme, during use, medical staff can rotate the threaded rotating rod 4 according to the preoperative assessment, causing the first sliding block 5 to slide along the inner wall of the first sliding groove 3. The first sliding plate 6 will move synchronously with the first sliding block 5, and the first arc-shaped plate 8 and the arc-shaped support plate 10 will also move synchronously with the first sliding plate 6, thereby adapting to the different body positions of different patients after lying down. Then, the patient's head is placed on the positioning base 2, and the patient's head and neck will press against the arc-shaped support plate 10 and the first arc-shaped plate 8 respectively. The arc-shaped support plate 10 will be stressed and deformed along its bending direction, and the first arc-shaped plate 8 will be stressed and deformed along its bending direction. At this time, the arc-shaped support plate 10 will fit the contour of the patient's head, and the first arc-shaped plate 8 will fit the contour of the patient's neck. Then, the medical staff will adjust the height of the arc-shaped plate 16. During this process, the sliding... The movable cylinder 15 slides along the inner wall of the second sliding groove 12 under the action of the arc-shaped plate 16. After the sliding cylinder 15 moves to the appropriate position, the second rotating handle 14 is rotated to make it rotate and abut against the outer wall of the sliding cylinder 15 to lock the sliding cylinder 15. Then the third rotating handle 18 is rotated, which drives the fixed cone 19 to move towards the patient's head. The two fixed cones 19 abut against the patient's skull under the action of the two third rotating handles 18, thus fixing the patient's head. Then the first threaded protrusion 20 slides along the inner wall of the third sliding groove 17 to the appropriate position. During this process, the rotating wheel 25 rotates along the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 16. Then the nut 21 is rotated so that its top abuts against the bottom outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 16. With the cooperation of the rotating wheel 25, the U-shaped base 22 is limited.

[0058] When medical staff install the skull drill, the drill bit is first inserted into the first rotating cylinder 37. During this process, the guide plate 39 guides the insertion of the drill sleeve. Simultaneously, the outer wall of the clamping block 40, which has an anti-slip groove 41, abuts against the outer wall of the drill sleeve. Then, when the skull drill is installed onto the fourth elastic plate 46, the end of the skull drill away from the drill sleeve abuts against the outer wall of the contact plate 30 away from the baffle 28. During this process, the first elastic plate 27 is subjected to force and deforms along its bending direction, and the top of the contact plate 30 is also subjected to force and deforms along its bending direction. At this point, the skull drill is fixed by the elasticity of the first elastic plate 27 and the contact plate 30. As the skull drill performs drilling operations, after the drill bit penetrates the patient's skull, the drill bit stops rotating. When the drill sleeve rotates, the anti-slip groove 41 acts as a guide. The clamping block 40 rotates synchronously with the drill sleeve, and the guide plate 39 and the third elastic plate 38 also rotate synchronously with the drill sleeve. The third elastic plate 38 drives the first rotating cylinder 37 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the first rotating cylinder 37 rotates under the drive of the drill sleeve. The third fixing plate 47 moves synchronously with the first rotating cylinder 37 and pulls the cable 49. The cable 49 drives the rotating circular plate 50 to move synchronously. The rotating circular plate 50 then drives the second rotating protrusion 51 to move and drives the clamping plate 35 to rotate around the rotating column 52. At this time, the second elastic plate 36 will be subjected to force and deform along its bending direction. The end of the clamping plate 35 away from the second elastic plate 36 will abut against the tooth groove at an appropriate position on the bottom of the first fixing plate 23 to limit the second fixing plate 34. The first connecting plate 31 and the fixing cylinder 32 are also limited synchronously, thereby preventing medical personnel from continuing to push the skull drill.

[0059] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma, comprising a laser positioning device and a positioning base, characterized in that, The laser positioning device and the positioning base are connected by a sliding rail. A guide assembly is slidably mounted on the positioning base. The guide assembly includes a first sliding plate, which is slidably mounted on and locked to the positioning base. A first arc-shaped plate is mounted on one end of the first sliding plate, and a sliding base is slidably mounted on the other end. The sliding base is locked to the first sliding plate. A sliding cylinder is slidably mounted on the sliding base and locked to the sliding base. An arc-shaped plate is provided on the top of the sliding base. Fixed cones are provided at both ends of the arc-shaped plate. A skull drill mounting assembly is slidably mounted on the arc-shaped plate and locked to the arc-shaped plate. The skull drill is mounted on the skull drill mounting assembly.

2. The positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning base has a first sliding groove on its top outer wall, a threaded rotating rod rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end of the first sliding groove, a first sliding block fixedly connected to the bottom of the first sliding plate, the first sliding block slidably connected to the inner wall of the first sliding groove, the first sliding plate fixedly connected to the top of the first sliding block, a second sliding plate fixedly connected to the end of the first sliding plate away from the first arc-shaped plate, a fifth sliding groove on the middle outer wall of the sliding base, the sliding base slidably connected to the outer wall of the second sliding plate through the fifth sliding groove, one end of the first arc-shaped plate fixedly connected to the top of the first sliding plate, several second arc-shaped plates symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer walls of both sides of the first arc-shaped plate, and an arc-shaped support plate fixedly connected to the end of the first arc-shaped plate away from the first sliding plate.

3. The positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding base has symmetrical second sliding grooves on both sides of its top. The outer walls of the two sides of the sliding base are symmetrically threaded with second rotating handles. The outer wall of the bottom of the sliding base is threaded with a first rotating handle. The sliding cylinder is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding groove. The top of the sliding cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped plate. The two ends of the arc-shaped plate are symmetrically threaded with third rotating handles. The end of the third rotating handle near the central axis of the arc-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the end wall of the fixed cone. The outer wall of the top of the arc-shaped plate has a third sliding groove.

4. The positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma according to claim 3, characterized in that, The skull drill mounting assembly includes a first threaded protrusion, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the third sliding groove. A U-shaped base is fixedly connected to the top of the first threaded protrusion, and a nut is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first threaded protrusion.

5. The positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the U-shaped base is fixedly connected to a first fixing plate. The bottom outer wall of the first fixing plate has several toothed grooves. A first rotating protrusion is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the first fixing plate near the end of the U-shaped base. A rotating wheel is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first rotating protrusion near the top. An L-shaped sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped base. One end of the L-shaped sliding plate is fixedly connected to a fourth elastic plate, and the other end of the L-shaped sliding plate is fixedly connected to a first elastic plate.

6. The positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma according to claim 5, characterized in that, A baffle is fixedly connected to the end of the first elastic plate away from the L-shaped sliding plate. An avoidance groove is provided on the outer wall of the baffle near the middle. An abutment plate is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the avoidance groove. A first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the L-shaped sliding plate near the fourth elastic plate. A fixing cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the first connecting plate away from the L-shaped sliding plate.

7. The positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder near the first connecting plate. A plurality of third elastic plates arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating cylinder away from the fixed cylinder. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the end of the third elastic plate away from the first rotating cylinder. A clamping block is fixedly connected to the end of the guide plate away from the third elastic plate. A plurality of anti-slip grooves arranged in an arc-shaped array are formed on the outer wall of the clamping block near the central axis of the first rotating cylinder.

8. The positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixed cylinder has several fourth sliding grooves arranged in a circular array on its outer wall away from the first connecting plate. A second threaded protrusion is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fourth sliding groove. A second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the second threaded protrusion near the first rotating cylinder. A second rotating cylinder is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second threaded protrusion. An abutment post is fixedly connected to the end of the second connecting plate away from the second threaded protrusion.

9. The positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma according to claim 6, characterized in that, A second fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first connecting plate near the middle. A rotating column is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the second fixing plate. A clamping plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating column. A second elastic plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the clamping plate near the L-shaped sliding plate. The other end of the second elastic plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column. A second rotating protrusion is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the clamping plate.

10. The positioning device for neurosurgical craniocerebral trauma according to claim 9, characterized in that, A rotating circular plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating protrusion, and a cable is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating circular plate. A third fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating cylinder. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first connecting plate on the side closest to the second rotating protrusion. The end of the cable away from the rotating circular plate passes through the limiting ring and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third fixing plate.

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