Traffic tunnel pipe network type fire extinguishing structure and fire extinguishing method

Abstract

This invention discloses a pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure and method for traffic tunnels, primarily addressing the problem of low fire extinguishing efficiency caused by congestion in burning tunnels, making it difficult for fire-fighting and rescue vehicles to approach the fire source from the burning tunnel. The fire extinguishing structure includes two adjacent tunnel openings in opposite directions of traffic and a partition wall between the two tunnel openings. Fire extinguishing zones are set within the partition wall, divided at fixed intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Independent fire extinguishing execution components are installed in each fire extinguishing zone, and a control system for remotely controlling the fire extinguishing execution components. By setting independent fire extinguishing execution components within the partition wall, this invention allows for direct fire extinguishing operations from the opposite tunnel towards the fire side. This invention overcomes the physical barriers of the enclosed tunnel space, enabling cross-regional allocation and intensive utilization of fire extinguishing resources in two-way tunnels. It prevents the spread of hot smoke and heat to endanger the opposite tunnel while improving cross-regional collaborative fire extinguishing efficiency through independent zone control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fire safety technology, specifically, it relates to a pipeline fire extinguishing structure and fire extinguishing method for traffic tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, my country has achieved remarkable success in highway tunnel construction, adding over 1,100 kilometers of new highway tunnels annually, making it the country with the fastest development speed, largest construction scale, and largest number of highway tunnels globally. However, with the rapid development of the tunnel network, the risk of tunnel fires has shown a significant upward trend. Such accidents are often highly likely to cause significant casualties and property losses due to the strong enclosure of tunnels and the difficulty of evacuation and rescue.

[0003] Currently, tunnel fire prevention and control systems are facing severe technical challenges: traditional fire suppression systems in twin-tunnel scenarios exhibit structural shortcomings such as low efficiency in cross-regional collaborative fire suppression, delayed initial response, and insufficient continuous water supply. Particularly noteworthy is that when a fire occurs in a single tunnel, most existing tunnel firefighting equipment lacks a systematic approach to cross-tunnel fire suppression, resulting in rescue operations being constrained by spatial barriers created by physical separation, hindering efficient coordination between two-way collaborative response and external support. These technical bottlenecks urgently need to be overcome through innovative fire suppression system design to build a proactive safety protection system covering the entire chain of monitoring, response, and disposal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure and method for traffic tunnels, mainly to solve the problem of low fire extinguishing efficiency caused by congestion in fire tunnels, making it difficult for fire-fighting and rescue vehicles to approach the fire source from the fire tunnel.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A pipeline fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels includes two adjacent tunnel openings with opposite directions of traffic and a partition wall between the two tunnel openings, fire extinguishing zones set within the partition wall along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel at fixed intervals, independent fire extinguishing execution components set within each fire extinguishing zone, and a control system for remotely controlling the fire extinguishing execution components.

[0007] The fire extinguishing execution component controls the tunnel openings on the side without fire to perform fire extinguishing operations on the side with fire.

[0008] Furthermore, in this invention, the fire extinguishing execution component includes a water storage tank and a fire-fighting foam tank located within the partition wall of the fire extinguishing zone; a water supply pipeline connected to the water storage tank for supplying water to the tunnel openings on both sides; a foam pipeline connected to the fire-fighting foam tank for supplying fire-extinguishing foam to the tunnel openings on both sides; a mixed spray pipeline connected to the water supply pipeline and the foam pipeline; an electrical control component for controlling the water supply pipeline and the foam pipeline; and a fire detection component located within the tunnel openings and communicatively connected to the electrical control component; wherein, a plurality of fire sprinklers are provided on the mixed spray pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, in this invention, the water supply pipeline, the foam pipeline, and the mixing spray pipeline are each provided with two paths, and each of the two paths is independent of the other.

[0010] Furthermore, in this invention, the water supply pipeline includes a main water inlet pipe connected at one end to a water storage tank, and a branch water inlet pipe connected at one end to the main water inlet pipe and extending to the bottom end of the opposite tunnel sidewall; wherein, the other end of the main water inlet pipe is connected to a mixing jet pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, in this invention, the foam pipeline includes a main foam pipe with one end connected to the fire-fighting foam tank, and a foam branch pipe with one end connected to the main foam pipe and extending to the bottom end of the opposite tunnel sidewall; wherein, the other end of the main foam pipe is connected to the mixing spray pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, in this invention, quick-connect fittings are provided at the ends of both the water inlet branch and the foam branch.

[0013] Furthermore, in this invention, the main water inlet pipe is located below the water inlet branch, the main foam pipe is located below the foam branch, and a one-way valve is provided in both the water inlet branch and the foam branch.

[0014] Furthermore, in this invention, the electronic control component includes a PLC control unit and a solenoid valve disposed within the mixing injection pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, in this invention, the fire detection component is a heat and smoke detector.

[0016] Based on the above fire extinguishing structure, the present invention also provides a pipeline-type fire extinguishing method for traffic tunnels, comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) When a fire occurs in one of the tunnels in a two-way tunnel, the fire extinguishing execution components in the fire extinguishing zone will start to work;

[0018] (2) The heat and smoke fire detector first detects the occurrence of the fire, and through the PLC control unit, it opens the solenoid valve in the mixing spray pipeline in the fire extinguishing zone to carry out preliminary fire extinguishing in the tunnel.

[0019] (3) The heat and smoke detectors transmit the fire signal to the control system through the PLC control unit. After the background management personnel report the relevant fire situation, they dispatch fire trucks to the opposite lane of the tunnel where the fire is located.

[0020] (4) After the fire truck arrives at the scene, it connects the fire hoses it carries to the quick-connect joints at the end of the water inlet branch and the foam branch to achieve a continuous supply of fire water and foam until the tunnel fire is extinguished.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) This invention, by setting up independent fire extinguishing execution components within the partition wall, and utilizing water storage tanks, fire foam tanks, and pipeline systems (such as water inlet branches extending to the bottom of the opposite tunnel and foam main pipes arranged across areas), can directly carry out fire extinguishing operations from the opposite tunnel to the fire side. This design breaks through the physical barrier of the tunnel's enclosed space, realizes the cross-regional allocation of fire extinguishing resources in the two-way tunnel, avoids the spread of hot smoke and heat that could endanger the opposite tunnel, and improves cross-regional collaborative efficiency through independent zone control, thus solving the structural shortcoming of "low cross-regional collaborative fire extinguishing efficiency" in traditional systems.

[0023] (2) This invention monitors the fire situation in real time through heat and smoke detectors. Once a fire is detected, the PLC control unit immediately triggers the solenoid valve in the mixed spray pipeline, simultaneously activating the foam and water supply pipelines within the golden rescue time to achieve rapid fire suppression. At the same time, the fire signal is synchronously transmitted to the control system, providing real-time data for background dispatch, avoiding delays caused by manual inspections, and forming a full-chain active response system of "monitoring-control-feedback", significantly shortening the time interval from fire detection to initial response, and effectively constructing early fireproof partitions.

[0024] (3) This invention incorporates an inlet branch and quick-connect fittings in the water supply pipeline, with a built-in one-way valve to prevent backflow. Initially, the water storage tank within the partition wall can be used for rapid fire extinguishing. Later, after fire trucks arrive, the quick-connect fittings can be used to directly connect to the inlet branch, forming a composite water supply mode of "built-in water storage + external relay," breaking through the limitations of the enclosed tunnel environment on external rescue and ensuring a continuous and stable water supply during fire extinguishing. Compared to traditional methods that rely on a single built-in water storage or difficult external access, this design significantly enhances the system's continuous operational capability, providing a reliable guarantee for long-term fire extinguishing and prevention of reignition. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fire extinguishing zone distribution in this invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the piping in the fire extinguishing execution component of the present invention.

[0027] The names corresponding to the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0028] 101-First tunnel opening, 102-Second tunnel opening, 103-Separation wall, 104-Firefighting compartment, 201-Water storage tank, 202-Firefighting foam tank, 203-Mixed spray pipeline, 204-Firefighting sprinkler head, 301-Main water inlet pipe, 302-Branch water inlet pipe, 303-Main foam pipe, 304-Branch foam pipe, 305-Quick connector, 306-Check valve, 307-Solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels, applicable to two-way traffic tunnels. It includes a first tunnel opening 101 and a second tunnel opening 102 arranged in opposite directions of traffic, and a partition wall 103 between them. Within the partition wall 103, a fire extinguishing zone 104 is divided every 50 meters along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (the fixed interval can be adjusted according to tunnel fire protection standards). Each fire extinguishing zone 104 is equipped with an independent fire extinguishing execution component, and remote monitoring and linkage control are achieved through a control system.

[0031] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing execution component includes a water storage tank 201 and a fire foam tank 202 pre-embedded inside the partition wall 103. The two are separated by a fireproof partition and store fire extinguishing water and foam extinguishing agent respectively.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the water supply pipeline, foam pipeline, and mixed spray pipeline 203 are each provided in two separate lines, and each of the two lines is independent of the others. The water supply pipeline includes a main inlet pipe 301 that is directly connected to the water storage tank 201. The upper end of the main inlet pipe 301 is connected to the mixed spray pipeline 203. The mixed spray pipeline 203 extends along the bottom of the partition wall 103 to the tunnel side wall and the tunnel top wall. A fire sprinkler head 204 is installed every 2 meters along the tunnel top on the mixed spray pipeline 203.

[0033] A water inlet branch 302 is installed from the lower side wall of the main water inlet 301 to the tunnel opening on the other side. After passing through the partition wall 103, the water inlet branch 302 is laid along the side wall of the opposite tunnel (such as the second tunnel in case of fire in the first tunnel) to the bottom. A quick connector 305, such as a DN65 standard interface, is installed at the end. A one-way valve 306 is installed in the pipelines of the main water inlet 301 and the water inlet branch 302 to prevent water backflow during fire extinguishing.

[0034] The foam pipeline includes a foam main pipe 303 connected to the fire foam pool 202. The upper end of the foam main pipe 303 is connected to the mixing spray pipeline 203. This design connects the water inlet main pipe 301 and the foam main pipe 303. The fire water and fire foam are mixed and sprayed out through the mixing spray pipeline 203 for cooling and fire extinguishing.

[0035] In this embodiment, the lower sidewall of the foam main pipe 303 extends to another tunnel opening to provide a foam branch 304. After passing through the partition wall 103, the foam branch 304 is laid along the sidewall of the opposite tunnel (such as the second branch extending to the second tunnel in case of fire in the first tunnel) to the bottom. A quick connector 305, such as a DN65 standard interface, is provided at the end. A one-way valve 306 is installed in the pipelines of the foam main pipe 303 and the foam branch 304 to prevent foam backflow during fire extinguishing.

[0036] The electrical control components include a PLC control unit (integrated within the partition wall inspection chamber) and a solenoid valve 307. The solenoid valve 307 is located within the mixing injection pipeline 203 and communicates with the control system via an RS485 bus. Heat and smoke detectors (such as the JTW-ZOM-JL501 composite detector) are installed every 10 meters at the top of each tunnel opening to monitor temperature (threshold ≥70℃) and smoke concentration (threshold ≥0.15dB / m³) in real time, and transmit signals to the PLC control unit via a wireless module.

[0037] When a fire occurs inside the first tunnel opening 101, the specific work procedures are as follows:

[0038] The heat and smoke detectors in the area detected a sudden rise in temperature and excessive smoke, and transmitted the signal to the PLC control unit within 10 seconds.

[0039] The PLC control unit immediately triggers the solenoid valve 307 in the corresponding fire extinguishing zone 104, and simultaneously opens the water supply line and the foam line:

[0040] Water inlet pipe 301 and foam pipe 303 spray water into the first tunnel opening 101 through a mixed spray pipeline to cool down the fire and suppress its spread.

[0041] The PLC control unit uploads information such as the fire location and fire intensity to the control system (located in the tunnel monitoring center) via fiber optic cable. After confirmation by the back-end management personnel, the fire trucks (such as tunnel-specific fire trucks) in the opposite lane (second tunnel opening 102) are dispatched to the scene via the intercom system.

[0042] After the fire truck arrives, it connects to the water inlet branch 302 or the foam branch 304 from one side of the second tunnel opening 102 via quick connector 305. The truck-mounted water pump or foam pump continuously supplies water and fire-fighting foam to the water supply pipeline and foam pipeline (the one-way valve ensures that the water flows only to the tunnel on the fire side), breaking through the limitation of traditional external tunnel water supply requiring detours and realizing "rapid access from the opposite lane".

[0043] Each fire suppression zone operates independently (104), and the fire suppression execution components of adjacent zones can be remotely cascaded and activated by the control system according to the fire's spread, avoiding insufficient water pressure caused by the simultaneous activation of the entire tunnel pipeline network.

[0044] During the fire extinguishing process, the fire detection components continuously provide real-time data, and the PLC control unit dynamically adjusts the intensity of water spray and foam spray (such as adjusting the opening of the solenoid valve according to temperature changes) until the control system receives the "fire extinguished" signal and shuts off the pipeline.

[0045] The above embodiments are merely one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications or refinements made to the main design concept and spirit of the present invention that are not of substantial significance, but solve the same technical problem as the present invention, should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels, comprising a first tunnel opening (101) and a second tunnel opening (102) arranged in opposite directions of traffic flow, and a partition wall (103) between the two tunnel openings, characterized in that, It also includes fire extinguishing zones (104) set in the partition wall (103) along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel at fixed intervals, independent fire extinguishing execution components set in each fire extinguishing zone (104), and a control system for remotely controlling the fire extinguishing execution components; The fire extinguishing execution component controls the tunnel openings on the side without fire to perform fire extinguishing operations on the side with fire.

2. The pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing execution component includes a water storage tank (201) and a fire foam tank (202) located in the partition wall (103) within the fire extinguishing zone (104), a water supply pipeline connected to the water storage tank (201) for supplying water to the tunnel openings on both sides, a foam pipeline connected to the fire foam tank (202) for supplying fire extinguishing foam to the tunnel openings on both sides, a mixed spray pipeline (203) connected to the water supply pipeline and the foam pipeline, an electrical control component for controlling the water supply pipeline and the foam pipeline, and a fire detection component located in the tunnel openings and communicating with the electrical control component; wherein, the mixed spray pipeline (203) is provided with a number of fire sprinklers (204).

3. The pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water supply pipeline, foam pipeline and mixed spray pipeline (203) are each provided with two lines, and each of the two lines is independent of the other.

4. The pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water supply pipeline includes a main water inlet pipe (301) connected at one end to a water storage tank (201), and a branch water inlet pipe (302) connected at one end to the main water inlet pipe (301) and extending to the bottom of the opposite tunnel sidewall; wherein, the other end of the main water inlet pipe (301) is connected to a mixed jet pipeline (203).

5. A pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, The foam pipeline includes a main foam pipe (303) connected at one end to a fire-fighting foam pool (202), and a foam branch pipe (304) connected at one end to the main foam pipe (303) and extending to the bottom of the opposite tunnel sidewall; wherein the other end of the main foam pipe (303) is connected to a mixing spray pipeline (203).

6. A pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the end of the water inlet branch (302) and the end of the foam branch (304) are equipped with quick-connect fittings (305).

7. A pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main water inlet pipe (301) is located below the water inlet branch (302), the main foam pipe (303) is located below the foam branch (304), and a one-way valve (306) is installed in both the water inlet branch (302) and the foam branch (304).

8. A pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electronic control components include a PLC control unit and a solenoid valve (307) disposed in the mixing injection pipeline (203).

9. A pipeline-type fire extinguishing structure for traffic tunnels according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fire detection component uses a heat and smoke detector.

10. A pipeline-based fire extinguishing method for traffic tunnels, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing structure described in claim 9 is adopted, comprising the following steps: (1) When a fire occurs in one of the tunnels in a two-way tunnel, the fire extinguishing execution components in the fire extinguishing zone will start to work; (2) The heat and smoke fire detector first detects the occurrence of the fire, and through the PLC control unit, it opens the solenoid valve in the mixing spray pipeline in the fire extinguishing zone to carry out preliminary fire extinguishing in the tunnel. (3) The heat and smoke detectors transmit the fire signal to the control system through the PLC control unit. After the background management personnel report the relevant fire situation, they dispatch fire trucks to the opposite lane of the tunnel where the fire is located. (4) After the fire truck arrives at the scene, it connects the fire hoses it carries to the quick-connect joints at the end of the water inlet branch and the foam branch to achieve a continuous supply of fire water and foam until the tunnel fire is extinguished.

Images