Environment-friendly separation device and method for waste asphalt mixture

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of separation, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly separation device and method for waste asphalt mixture, which comprises a reaction kettle, a flexible separation mechanism, a pre-cooling mechanism and a gas recovery mechanism. The bottom of the reaction kettle is provided with an annular lining plate with arc-shaped ribs. The kneading head of the flexible separation mechanism can make circumferential movement around the axis of the lining plate to apply shearing and friction force to the material. The pre-cooling mechanism supplies cooling liquid to the pre-cooling cavity of the kettle wall through a heat exchanger. The gas recovery mechanism collects carbon dioxide gas and recycles it. The method steps are as follows: put in the raw material to be treated, add 3% to 5% solid carbon dioxide and mix at idle speed, then knead at a standard speed of 200 r / min, so that the brittle asphalt film is selectively peeled off from the surface of the aggregate, while the gaseous carbon dioxide is recovered and reused as solid carbon dioxide. The present application does not need organic solvent and does not damage the integrity of the coarse aggregate, realizes environment-friendly and efficient oil-stone separation, and significantly improves the recycling value of the recovered coarse and fine materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of separation technology, and specifically relates to an environmentally friendly separation device and method for waste asphalt mixtures. Background Technology

[0002] Asphalt pavement is widely used in transportation construction. As early asphalt pavements reach their designed service life, a large amount of waste asphalt mixture (RAP) is generated annually. Therefore, the recycling of RAP has become a key research focus. Existing RAP separation methods include chemical solvent extraction and mechanical crushing. While chemical solvent extraction (such as trichloroethylene and n-hexane) can thoroughly separate asphalt from aggregates, the organic solvents are flammable and explosive, posing safety risks during operation. Furthermore, solvent recovery is costly, and residues can easily cause secondary pollution. Mechanical crushing, by impact or grinding, pulverizes the RAP as a whole, making it difficult to selectively peel the asphalt film from the aggregate surface. During fine crushing, coarse aggregates (stone / aggregate) are easily damaged, resulting in low purity fine aggregates (asphalt powder) mixed with a large amount of stone powder. This fails to preserve the gradation and particle shape of the coarse aggregates, leading to low utilization of the coarse aggregates. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device that does not require organic solvents, does not damage the integrity of the coarse aggregates, and can achieve selective asphalt peeling to improve the recycling quality and reuse value of coarse and fine aggregates in RAP. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide an environmentally friendly separation device and method for waste asphalt mixtures, which is designed to provide a device and method that does not require organic solvents, does not damage the integrity of coarse materials, and can selectively separate fine materials, thereby improving the recycling quality and reuse value of coarse and fine materials in RAP.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixtures, comprising: A reaction vessel; the reaction vessel is provided with a vessel body and an end cover, the end cover is provided with a feed port and a gas collection port; a discharge port is provided at the center of the bottom of the vessel body, an annular liner is provided around the discharge port, and several arc-shaped ribs are provided on the annular liner; a pre-cooling chamber is provided on the peripheral wall of the reaction vessel; A flexible separation mechanism is provided with a kneading head, which can rotate around the axis of the annular liner and apply shearing force and friction force to the material on the annular liner. A precooling mechanism is provided, wherein the precooling mechanism is equipped with a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is capable of supplying coolant to the precooling chamber; A gas recovery mechanism is provided, which is equipped with a gas storage tank for collecting the gas discharged from the gas collection port.

[0005] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a feeding tray is provided on the inner peripheral sidewall of the reactor, and a guide plate is coaxially provided on the feeding tray; a guide slope is provided at the bottom of the reactor; an upwardly protruding discharge component is provided at the discharge port, and the guide slope, the annular liner and the discharge component form an annular working groove, and the kneading head performs circumferential motion in the working groove.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the discharge assembly includes an outer discharge cylinder, an inner discharge cylinder, a second drive, a turbine, and a worm gear. The outer discharge cylinder is fixedly connected to the annular liner. The outer discharge cylinder is sleeved on the inner discharge cylinder and rotatably connected to the inner discharge cylinder. The turbine gear is fixedly connected to the inner discharge cylinder. The second drive is fixedly connected to the outer discharge cylinder. The output end of the second drive is drively connected to the worm gear. The worm gear meshes with the turbine gear.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the flexible separation mechanism includes a first drive, a motor mounting base, a main drive shaft, a first gear, a second gear, a gear ring, and a driven shaft. The motor mounting base is fixedly connected to the end cover, and the first drive is fixedly connected to the motor mounting base. The output end of the first drive is fixedly connected to the main drive shaft via a coupling. The lower end of the main drive shaft extends through the end cover into the interior of the reactor body, and the lower end of the main drive shaft is fixedly connected to the first gear. The second gear meshes with both the first gear and the gear ring. The driven shaft is fixedly connected to the second gear, and the lower end of the driven shaft is drively connected to the kneading head.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the kneading head is made of an elastic and wear-resistant material, and the lower end of the kneading head is provided with a plurality of hemispherical protrusions.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the flexible separation mechanism further includes a tension shaft, one end of which is rotatably connected to the main drive shaft via a first universal joint, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the driven shaft via a second universal joint.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the precooling mechanism includes a pipeline pump, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a first solenoid valve, and a second solenoid valve; the vessel body is provided with a water inlet at the lower end of the precooling chamber, and a water outlet and an overflow outlet at the upper end of the precooling chamber; one end of the first pipeline is connected to the water inlet, and the other end of the first pipeline is connected to the output end of the heat exchanger; the pipeline pump and the first solenoid valve are disposed on the first pipeline; one section of the second pipeline is connected to the water outlet, and the other end of the second pipeline is connected to the input end of the heat exchanger; the second solenoid valve is disposed on the second pipeline; a first safety valve is disposed on the overflow outlet.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the gas recovery mechanism includes a gas pump, a third pipe, a fourth pipe, a third solenoid valve, and a fourth solenoid valve. One end of the third pipe is connected to the gas collection port, and the other end of the third pipe is connected to the input end of the gas pump. One end of the fourth pipe is connected to the output end of the gas pump, and the other end of the fourth pipe is connected to the gas storage tank. The third solenoid valve is disposed on the third pipe, and the fourth solenoid valve is disposed on the fourth pipe.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a butterfly valve is provided at the discharge port, and a screw conveyor is provided at the lower end of the discharge port.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention also provides an environmentally friendly separation method for waste asphalt mixtures, comprising the following steps: S01: Add the raw material to be processed into the reaction vessel and let it stand for 5 to 10 minutes; S02: Solid carbon dioxide is added, wherein the amount of solid carbon dioxide added is 3% to 5% of the mass of the raw material to be treated; at the same time, the flexible separation mechanism is started at idle speed to fully mix the raw material to be treated and the solid carbon dioxide to prepare a mixture; S03: The flexible separation mechanism operates at a standard speed to perform flexible separation of the mixture, peeling the fine material from the coarse material. The standard speed is 200 r / min. S04: Recover gaseous carbon dioxide, which is compressed and condensed to be reconstituted into solid carbon dioxide and reused in step S02; S05: Collect the fine material and the coarse material respectively; S06: Allow the fine material to stand in a ventilated environment at room temperature for 30 to 60 minutes; S07: The coarse particles are screened and graded.

[0014] An environmentally friendly separation device and method for waste asphalt mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: According to the present invention, the environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixture includes a reaction vessel, a flexible separation mechanism, a pre-cooling mechanism, and a gas recovery mechanism. This device pre-cools the reaction vessel using the pre-cooling mechanism, utilizing the heat absorption of solid carbon dioxide sublimation to provide a low-temperature environment. Combined with the physical kneading action of the flexible separation mechanism, this achieves oil-stone separation, eliminating the safety hazards of flammable and explosive organic solvents in chemical solvent extraction methods, and avoiding the high cost of solvent recovery and secondary pollution caused by residues. A gas collection port on the end cap is connected to a gas storage tank to centrally recover the gas generated by the sublimation of solid carbon dioxide, ensuring safety, environmental friendliness, and zero pollution.

[0015] According to the present invention, the pre-cooling mechanism supplies coolant to the pre-cooling chamber on the periphery of the reactor via a heat exchanger, which can stably control the internal temperature of the reactor, allowing the asphalt film in the raw material to be treated to fully embrittle under continuous low-temperature conditions. The kneading head of the flexible separation mechanism rotates around the axis of the annular liner, working in conjunction with the arc-shaped ribs arranged on the annular liner to apply shear and frictional forces to the mixture, selectively peeling the embrittled asphalt film from the surface of the coarse aggregate. The coarse aggregate retains its strength at low temperatures, preventing overall breakage or damage to its edges, thus completely preserving the original particle shape and gradation of the coarse aggregate, significantly improving the recycling quality and reuse value of the coarse aggregate. According to the present invention, the combination of the kneading head, the annular liner, and the arc-shaped ribs forms a highly efficient mechanical peeling zone. The circular motion of the kneading head causes the material to continuously renew its contact surface under the tumbling and squeezing action of the arc-shaped ribs, ensuring that the peeling force is uniformly applied to all components of the mixture. Simultaneously, the introduction of coolant into the pre-cooling chamber enables uniform control of the internal temperature field of the reactor, keeping the entire mixture within the asphalt embrittlement temperature range, thus ensuring the consistency of peeling conditions and the reliability of the separation process. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a top view of the vessel body of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material discharge component of this invention patent; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a flexible separation mechanism according to the present invention patent. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the kneading head of this invention patent; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the precooling mechanism and gas recovery mechanism of this invention patent.

[0018] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 100-Reaction vessel, 110-Vessel body, 111-Discharge port, 112-Guide slope, 113-Working trough, 120-End cover, 121-Inlet, 122-Gas collection port, 130-Annular liner, 131-Arc-shaped rib, 140-Precooling chamber, 141-Water inlet, 142-Water outlet, 143-Overflow port, 144-First safety valve, 150-Battery plate, 160-Guide plate, 170-Discharge assembly, 171-Outer discharge cylinder, 172-Inner discharge cylinder, 173-Second drive, 174-Turbine, 175-Worm gear, 180-Butterfly valve, 190-Screw conveyor; 200-Flexible separation mechanism, 210-Kneading head, 211-Hemispherical protrusion, 220-First drive, 230-Motor mounting base, 240-Main drive shaft, 250-First gear, 260-Second gear, 270-Gear ring, 280-Driven shaft, 290-Tension shaft, 291-First universal joint, 292-Second universal joint; 300 - Precooling mechanism, 310 - Heat exchanger, 320 - Pipeline pump, 330 - First pipeline, 340 - Second pipeline, 350 - First solenoid valve, 360 - Second solenoid valve; 400 - Gas recovery mechanism, 410 - Gas storage tank, 420 - Gas pump, 440 - Third pipeline, 450 - Fourth pipeline, 460 - Third solenoid valve, 470 - Fourth solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "top surface," "bottom surface," "inner," "outer," "inner side," and "outer side," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Where the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes and to distinguish technical features, they should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the sequential relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The embodiments of this invention will now be described according to its overall structure.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 7As shown, the present invention discloses an environmentally friendly separation device and method for waste asphalt mixture, including a reaction vessel 100, a flexible separation mechanism 200, a precooling mechanism 300, and a gas recovery mechanism 400. The reactor 100 includes a vessel body 110 and an end cap 120. The end cap 120 has a feed inlet 121 and a gas collection port 122. The vessel body 110 has a discharge port 111 at the center of its bottom. An annular liner 130 is provided around the discharge port 111, and several arc-shaped ribs 131 are provided on the annular liner 130. The reactor 100 has a pre-cooling chamber 140 on its peripheral wall. The flexible separation mechanism 200 has a kneading head 210, which can rotate around the axis of the annular liner 130 and apply shearing and frictional forces to the material on the annular liner 130. The pre-cooling mechanism 300 has a heat exchanger 310, which can supply coolant to the pre-cooling chamber 140. The gas recovery mechanism 400 has a gas storage tank 410, which is used to recover the gas discharged from the gas collection port 122. Specifically, in this embodiment, during the separation operation, the mixture of the raw material to be processed and solid carbon dioxide is fed into the reactor body 110 through the discharge port 111, and the mixture falls into the area of ​​the annular liner 130. The pre-cooling mechanism 300 is equipped with a heat exchanger 310, which continuously supplies coolant to the pre-cooling chamber 140, uniformly cooling the space inside the reactor through the peripheral wall of the reactor body 110, ensuring that the temperature is stable within the asphalt embrittlement range. In the low-temperature environment, the solid carbon dioxide in the mixture absorbs heat and gradually sublimates, and the asphalt film in the raw material to be processed cools down and loses its toughness, transforming into a brittle state, providing conditions for subsequent mechanical peeling. The flexible separation mechanism 200 is equipped with a kneading head 210. When the temperature inside the reactor reaches the required level, the kneading head 210 begins to move in a circular motion around the axis of the annular liner 130, applying continuous shearing and frictional forces to the mixture carried on the annular liner 130. At the same time, the arc-shaped ribs 131 on the annular liner 130 tumble and compress the material during the movement of the kneading head 210. The embrittled asphalt film is selectively peeled off from the aggregate surface by the mechanical force of the kneading head 210 and the assistance of the arc-shaped ribs 131, forming fine aggregate. Since the peeling mainly occurs at the interface between the asphalt and the aggregate, and the aggregate strength is maintained at low temperatures, the coarse aggregate does not undergo overall breakage or edge damage, thus retaining its original particle shape and gradation. The gas generated by the sublimation of solid carbon dioxide carries the peeled asphalt fine aggregate and is discharged through the gas collection port 122 on the end cap 120, entering the gas storage tank 410 of the gas recovery mechanism 400 for centralized storage, achieving closed-loop recovery of the gas medium. After the separation process, the clean coarse aggregate remaining on the annular liner 130 can be discharged through the same discharge port 111 at the center of the bottom of the vessel body 110.This device does not introduce organic solvents, and the separated carbon dioxide can be recycled. Simultaneously, it eliminates the safety hazards of flammable and explosive organic solvents present in chemical solvent extraction methods, avoiding the high costs of solvent recovery and secondary pollution caused by residues. The gas collection port 122 on the end cap 120 is connected to the gas storage tank 410, centrally recovering the gas generated from the sublimation of solid carbon dioxide, ensuring safety, environmental friendliness, and zero pollution.

[0024] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, arc-shaped ribs 131 are disposed on the annular liner 130 and distributed circumferentially along the liner. The bending direction of the arc-shaped ribs 131 matches the direction of the circular motion of the twisting head 210 around the axis of the annular liner 130. A working area is formed between adjacent arc-shaped ribs 131, and the working area gradually decreases radially toward the center. Further, the cross-section of the arc-shaped ribs 131 is a rounded trapezoid or a semi-circle. Through the design of this structure, the arc-shaped ribs 131 and the circular motion of the twisting head 210 cooperate with each other to establish an orderly material circulation in the twisting area. Guided by the arc of the ribs, the material moves orderly from the outer edge of the annular liner 130 toward the center. The ribs provide guidance and reaction force on the material flow path, increasing the effective friction between the twisting head 210 and the material, so that the force applied by the twisting head 210 can be fully transmitted to the interface between the asphalt and the aggregate, achieving selective stripping in the low-temperature embrittled state of the asphalt.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 2As shown, a feeding tray 150 is provided on the inner peripheral sidewall of the reactor 100, and a guide plate 160 is coaxially arranged on the feeding tray 150; a guide slope 112 is provided at the bottom of the reactor 100; and an upwardly protruding discharge component 170 is provided at the discharge port 111. The guide slope 112, the annular liner 130, and the discharge component 170 form an annular working groove 113, in which the kneading head 210 performs circular motion. Specifically, in this embodiment, the feeding tray 150 and the coaxial guide plate 160 on the inner peripheral sidewall of the reactor 100 work together to complete the directional collection of the mixture. The guide plate 160 concentrates the raw materials to be processed onto the feeding tray 150, which receives the collected mixture and disperses it to the outer edge area of ​​the annular liner 130 via the guide slope 112. The design of this structure ensures that the material is orderly collected at the starting position on the outer side of the working trough 113, avoiding the dispersion of material within the vessel. The kneading head 210 extends into the working trough 113 and moves in a circular motion around the axis of the annular liner 130. Since the material is initially concentrated at the outer edge of the liner, the kneading head 210 contacts and drags the mixture from the outside of the working trough 113. Accompanied by the turning action of the arc-shaped ribs 131 and the low-temperature environment maintained by the cooling chamber 140, the asphalt film is selectively peeled off after becoming brittle. During the kneading process, the material gradually migrates from the outer edge to the inner side guided by the arc-shaped ribs 131. The clean coarse aggregate, after separation, is concentrated inside the working trough 113 and discharged through the outlet 111. The peeled fine material is collected with carbon dioxide gas through the gas collection port 122 and recycled into the gas storage tank 410. Through this structural design, the material-gathering effect of the guide plate 160 and the batching plate 150, and the directional guidance of the guide slope 112, an orderly kneading path is constructed, advancing from the outer edge to the center. The design of this structure ensures that the mixture participates in the kneading and separation process throughout, eliminating dead zones where materials remain in non-functional areas. At the same time, it allows the kneading load to gradually transition from the outer edge to the inner side, making the stripping process more uniform and controllable, thus ensuring the integrity of the coarse aggregate and the quality of recycling.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 4As shown, the discharge assembly 170 includes an outer discharge cylinder 171, an inner discharge cylinder 172, a second drive 173, a turbine 174, and a worm gear 175. The outer discharge cylinder 171 is fixedly connected to the annular liner 130. The outer discharge cylinder 171 is sleeved on the inner discharge cylinder 172 and rotatably connected to it. The turbine 174 is fixedly connected to the inner discharge cylinder 172. The second drive 173 is fixedly connected to the outer discharge cylinder 171. The output end of the second drive 173 is drively connected to the worm gear 175, and the worm gear 175 meshes with the turbine 174. The inner discharge cylinder 172 is provided with a first discharge hole, and a second discharge hole is provided on the inner discharge cylinder 172 corresponding to the first discharge hole. Specifically, in this embodiment, after the kneading and separation are completed, the second drive 173 is started, driving the turbine 174 to rotate through the worm gear 175. The turbine 174 drives the inner discharge cylinder 172 to rotate relative to the outer discharge cylinder 171, and the first discharge hole rotates with the inner discharge cylinder 172 until it aligns with the second discharge hole. At this time, the inner and outer parts of the discharge assembly 170 are connected, forming a through discharge channel. The clean coarse aggregate concentrated inside the working trough 113 enters the inner channel of the inner discharge cylinder 172 through the first and second discharge holes in sequence, and is finally discharged from the center of the bottom of the vessel body 110. Through the design of this structure, by controlling the misalignment and alignment of the first and second discharge holes, the closed isolation during the kneading process and the orderly discharge after the separation are achieved. The self-locking characteristics of the worm gear 175 and the turbine 174 ensure that the angle of the inner discharge cylinder 172 is locked when the second drive 173 stops, and the discharge hole is reliably kept closed or open. The discharge assembly 170 is integrated into the central area of ​​the annular liner 130, and the material discharge path is directly downward, without the need for additional transfer mechanisms, making the structure compact, convenient and practical. In this embodiment, the second drive 173 is a small motor.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 5As shown, the flexible separation mechanism 200 includes a first drive 220, a motor mounting base 230, a main drive shaft 240, a first gear 250, a second gear 260, a gear ring 270, and a driven shaft 280. The motor mounting base 230 is fixedly connected to the end cover 120, and the first drive 220 is fixedly connected to the motor mounting base 230. The output end of the first drive 220 is fixedly connected to the main drive shaft 240 via a coupling. The lower end of the main drive shaft 240 extends through the end cover 120 into the interior of the vessel body 110, and the lower end of the main drive shaft 240 is fixedly connected to the first gear 250. The second gear 260 meshes with the first gear 250 and the gear ring 270 respectively. The driven shaft 280 and the second gear 260 are fixedly connected, and the lower end of the driven shaft 280 is drively connected to the kneading head 210. Specifically, in this embodiment, during operation, the first drive 220 drives the main drive shaft 240 to rotate via the coupling, and the first gear 250 rotates synchronously and drives the second gear 260 to rotate. While rotating around its own axis, the second gear 260 also performs planetary motion around the axis of the fixed gear ring 270 under the constraint of the fixed gear ring 270 or the supporting structure, thereby driving the driven shaft 280 to complete a combined motion of revolution and rotation. The driven shaft 280 transmits the above-mentioned combined motion to the kneading head 210, ultimately driving the kneading head 210 to perform circular motion around the axis of the annular liner 130, applying shearing and frictional forces to the mixture in the working groove 113. In this embodiment, the first drive 220 is a motor and a reducer.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 6 As shown, the kneading head 210 is made of an elastic and wear-resistant material, and the lower end of the kneading head 210 is provided with several hemispherical protrusions 211. Specifically, the kneading head 210 can be made of polyurethane elastomer or synthetic rubber.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 5 As shown, the flexible separation mechanism 200 also includes a tension shaft 290. One end of the tension shaft 290 is rotatably connected to the main drive shaft 240 via a first universal joint 291, and the other end of the tension shaft 290 is rotatably connected to the driven shaft 280 via a second universal joint 292. Specifically, in this embodiment, by setting the tension shaft 290, the driven shaft 280 can be kept in a stable state, and when the lower end of the driven shaft 280 is subjected to force, uneven force on the flexible separation mechanism 200 can be avoided, which could lead to the mechanism jamming.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figures 1 to 7As shown, the precooling mechanism 300 includes a pipeline pump 320, a first pipeline 330, a second pipeline 340, a first solenoid valve 350, and a second solenoid valve 360; the vessel body 110 has an inlet 141 at the lower end of the precooling chamber 140, and an outlet 142 and an overflow port 143 at the upper end of the precooling chamber 140; one end of the first pipeline 330 is connected to the inlet 141, and the other end of the first pipeline 330 is connected to the output end of the heat exchanger 310; the pipeline pump 320 and the first solenoid valve 350 are mounted on the first pipeline 330; one section of the second pipeline 340 is connected to the outlet 142, and the other end of the second pipeline 340 is connected to the input end of the heat exchanger 310; the second solenoid valve 360 ​​is mounted on the second pipeline 340; a first safety valve 144 is mounted on the overflow port 143. Specifically, in this embodiment, the coolant prepared by the heat exchanger 310 enters the first pipe 330 through the output end of the heat exchanger 310. After the pipe pump 320 is started, it pressurizes and delivers the coolant. After the first solenoid valve 350 is opened, the coolant enters the precooling chamber 140 through the first pipe 330 and the inlet 141 at the lower end of the vessel body 110. The coolant flows from bottom to top in the precooling chamber 140, absorbing heat from the vessel body 110 through the peripheral wall, keeping the mixture in the working tank 113 area at a low temperature. The coolant, after absorbing heat and heating up, is discharged from the outlet 142 at the upper end of the precooling chamber 140 and flows back to the input end of the heat exchanger 310 through the second pipe 340. The second solenoid valve 360 ​​controls the opening and closing of the second pipe 340, completing the continuous circulation of the coolant in a closed loop. An overflow port 143 located at the upper end of the precooling chamber 140 is equipped with a first safety valve 144. When the pressure inside the precooling chamber 140 exceeds a set value, the first safety valve 144 automatically opens to release pressure, preventing the precooling chamber 140 from overpressure due to thermal expansion or flow obstruction. In this embodiment, the structure with the inlet 141 located at the lower end of the precooling chamber 140 and the outlet 142 located at the upper end allows the coolant to flow from low to high along the perimeter of the vessel body 110, eliminating any stagnant flow areas within the precooling chamber 140 and ensuring a uniform temperature distribution. The first solenoid valve 350 and the second solenoid valve 360 ​​control the inlet and return pipelines, respectively, allowing for flexible start and stop of the cooling cycle according to the separation process requirements. During non-operational periods, closing the first solenoid valve 350 and the second solenoid valve 360 ​​cuts off the fluid path, reducing heat loss. The first safety valve 144 and the overflow port 143 constitute a pressure protection mechanism, ensuring timely release of pressure fluctuations in the precooling chamber 140 under closed-loop operation, guaranteeing the reliability and safety of the device during long-term operation.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to... Figures 1 to 7As shown, the gas recovery mechanism 400 includes a gas pump 420, a third pipe 440, a fourth pipe 450, a third solenoid valve 460, and a fourth solenoid valve 470. One end of the third pipe 440 is connected to the gas collection port 122, and the other end of the third pipe 440 is connected to the input end of the gas pump 420. One end of the fourth pipe 450 is connected to the output end of the gas pump 420, and the other end of the fourth pipe 450 is connected to the gas storage tank 410. The third solenoid valve 460 is installed on the third pipe 440, and the fourth solenoid valve 470 is installed on the fourth pipe 450. Specifically, in this embodiment, the carbon dioxide gas discharged from the gas collection port 122 enters the input end of the gas pump 420 through the third pipe 440. The third solenoid valve 460 is installed on the third pipe 440 to control the opening and closing of the passage between the gas collection port 122 and the gas pump 420. The gas pump 420 pressurizes the incoming gas, and the pressurized gas enters the fourth pipe 450 through the output end of the gas pump 420. A fourth solenoid valve 470 is installed on the fourth pipeline 450 to control the opening and closing of the passage between the air pump 420 and the gas storage tank 410. Gas is transported through the fourth pipeline 450 to the gas storage tank 410 for centralized storage. Further, the carbon dioxide gas collected in the gas storage tank 410 is discharged through the tank outlet and enters the compression unit. The compression unit performs multi-stage compression on the carbon dioxide gas, raising the gas pressure to above the critical pressure of carbon dioxide. The compressed high-temperature, high-pressure carbon dioxide gas enters the precooler for preliminary cooling, and after the temperature drops to near room temperature, it enters the condenser. The condenser receives coolant supplied by the heat exchanger 310 or cooling capacity provided by an additional refrigeration unit to deeply cool the carbon dioxide gas, lowering the gas temperature below the liquefaction temperature. The carbon dioxide condenses from a gaseous state to a liquid state, resulting in liquid carbon dioxide. The liquid carbon dioxide is discharged from the bottom of the condenser and enters the solidification chamber through a throttling valve. Liquid carbon dioxide undergoes throttling and expansion under the pressure difference across the throttling valve. Part of the liquid vaporizes instantaneously, absorbing heat, while the remaining liquid carbon dioxide rapidly cools below its freezing point, condensing into solid carbon dioxide particles or powder. The solid carbon dioxide generated in the solidification chamber is collected and can be used as a component of the raw material to be processed, reintroduced into the reactor 100 through inlet 121 or outlet 111 to participate in a new round of separation. This design enables the recycling of carbon dioxide.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, a butterfly valve 180 is provided at the discharge port 111, and a screw conveyor 190 is provided at the lower end of the discharge port 111. Specifically, in this embodiment, the butterfly valve 180 can prevent the discharge port 111 from being blocked, and the screw conveyor 190 can transport the coarse material to the grading equipment for grading.

[0033] Secondly, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly separation method for waste asphalt mixtures, which utilizes the aforementioned environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixtures and includes the following steps: S01: The raw material to be treated is added to the reactor 100 and allowed to stand for 5 to 10 minutes. Specifically, in this step, the raw material to be treated is added to the reactor 100 through the feed inlet 121. Under the influence of gravity, the raw material is guided by the guide ramp 112 and the batching plate 150 and collects in the working groove 113 area on the outer edge of the annular liner 130. After feeding, it is allowed to stand for five to ten minutes. During this stage, the pre-cooling mechanism 300 remains in operation, and the heat exchanger 310 supplies coolant to the pre-cooling chamber 140, pre-cooling the space inside the reactor through the perimeter wall of the reactor body 110. The standing process allows the overall temperature of the raw material to decrease uniformly, and the components of the raw material reach thermal equilibrium with the environment inside the reactor, creating stable initial temperature conditions for the subsequent addition of solid carbon dioxide and asphalt embrittlement.

[0034] S02: Solid carbon dioxide is introduced, with the amount of solid carbon dioxide added being 3% to 5% of the mass of the raw material to be treated. Simultaneously, the flexible separation mechanism 200 is started at idle speed to ensure thorough mixing of the raw material and solid carbon dioxide, preparing a mixture. Specifically, in this step, the solid carbon dioxide can be introduced through the inlet 121 on the end cap 120, or it can be pre-mixed with the raw material and introduced together through the outlet 111. After entering the working tank 113 area, the solid carbon dioxide comes into contact with the raw material, absorbs heat, sublimates, and rapidly lowers the temperature of the mixture. Simultaneously, the flexible separation mechanism 200 is started at idle speed, and the kneading head 210 rotates at a speed lower than the standard speed around the axis of the annular liner 130. Idle operation allows the kneading head 210 to apply slight stirring and tumbling to the material. The arc-shaped ribs 131 on the annular liner 130, in conjunction with the movement of the kneading head 210, promote the uniform dispersion of solid carbon dioxide particles in the raw material, preparing a mixture with a uniform temperature distribution. Under the continuous endothermic effect of solid carbon dioxide, the temperature of the mixture drops below the glass transition temperature of asphalt. The asphalt cement layer changes from a viscoelastic state to a brittle glassy state, microcracks are generated on the surface of the asphalt film, and the bonding strength with the aggregate interface is significantly reduced.

[0035] S03: The standard speed operating flexible separation mechanism 200 performs flexible separation of the mixture, peeling fine particles from coarse particles. The standard speed is 200 r / min. Specifically, the arc-shaped ribs 131 on the annular liner 130 continuously tumble and compress the material during the movement of the kneading head 210, constantly renewing the material's action surface. The embrittled asphalt film peels off along micro-cracks under the action of shear and friction, falling off the aggregate surface to form asphalt powder fine particles. Because the peeling action is concentrated at the interface between asphalt and aggregate, and the strength of the aggregate is maintained at low temperature, the coarse aggregate does not undergo overall breakage or edge damage, retaining its original particle shape and gradation intact. During the kneading process, the material gradually migrates from the outer edge of the working trough 113 to the inner side under the guidance of the arc-shaped ribs 131. The clean coarse aggregate after peeling gradually concentrates in the inner side of the working trough 113 near the discharge component 170 area.

[0036] S04: Gaseous carbon dioxide is recovered. After compression and condensation, the gaseous carbon dioxide is regenerated into solid carbon dioxide and reused in subsequent batches in step S02. Specifically, during the separation process, solid carbon dioxide absorbs heat and sublimates to generate carbon dioxide gas, which carries the stripped asphalt particles and is discharged from the gas collection port 122. The gas pump 420 of the gas recovery mechanism 400 is started, the third solenoid valve 460 is opened, and the gas enters the gas pump 420 for pressurization through the third pipeline 440. After the fourth solenoid valve 470 is opened, the gas is sent to the gas storage tank 410 for centralized collection through the fourth pipeline 450. The gaseous carbon dioxide in the gas storage tank 410 is subsequently compressed in multiple stages by the compression unit, pre-cooled by the precooler, deeply cooled and liquefied by the condenser, and expanded by the throttling valve into the solidification chamber, regenerating solid carbon dioxide. The regenerated solid carbon dioxide is reused in step S02, forming a cycle of cooling medium.

[0037] S05: Collect fine and coarse materials separately; specifically, in this step, after separation, the kneading head 210 stops operating, and the clean coarse aggregate remaining inside the working trough 113 is discharged and collected through the discharge assembly 170. The second drive 173 starts, the worm gear 175 drives the turbine 174 to rotate, and the discharge inner cylinder 172 rotates relative to the discharge outer cylinder 171 until the first discharge hole and the second discharge hole are aligned. The coarse aggregate is discharged from the bottom of the vessel body 110 through the through discharge channel. The gas collected in the gas storage tank 410 can separate the asphalt fines carried during the settling stage. The fines can be collected from the bottom of the gas storage tank or the filter device in the gas pipeline; the fines discharged with the gas in the gas collection port 122 can also be collected in the pipeline filtration stage.

[0038] S06: Allow the fine material to stand in a ventilated environment at room temperature for 30 to 60 minutes. Residual solid carbon dioxide particles in the fine material continue to sublimate at room temperature, and the ventilation promotes the diffusion and escape of carbon dioxide gas, reducing the residual carbon dioxide level in the fine material to a negligible level. This step ensures the component stability of the fine material during subsequent storage and utilization, and avoids the accumulation of residual carbon dioxide in a confined space, which could have adverse effects.

[0039] S07: Screening and grading of coarse aggregates. Because the flexible separation process preserves the original particle shape and gradation of the coarse aggregates, the particles are not broken or damaged at the edges. After screening, they can be directly graded according to particle size specifications to obtain recycled aggregate products of different sizes. The graded coarse aggregates can be directly used in the production of asphalt mixtures, replacing natural aggregates of corresponding specifications, achieving high-value reuse.

[0040] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is obvious that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The purpose of selecting and describing exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art, after reading this specification, can make modifications, substitutions, variations, and various choices and changes to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, provided that such modifications, substitutions, variations, and choices and changes are within the scope of the claims of the invention and are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixtures, characterized in that, include: A reaction vessel; the reaction vessel is provided with a vessel body and an end cover, the end cover is provided with a feed port and a gas collection port; a discharge port is provided at the center of the bottom of the vessel body, an annular liner is provided around the discharge port, and several arc-shaped ribs are provided on the annular liner; a pre-cooling chamber is provided on the peripheral wall of the reaction vessel; A flexible separation mechanism is provided with a kneading head, which can rotate around the axis of the annular liner and apply shearing force and friction force to the material on the annular liner. A precooling mechanism is provided, wherein the precooling mechanism is equipped with a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is capable of supplying coolant to the precooling chamber; A gas recovery mechanism is provided, which is equipped with a gas storage tank for collecting the gas discharged from the gas collection port.

2. The environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, A feeding tray is provided on the inner peripheral side wall of the reactor, and a guide plate is coaxially arranged on the feeding tray; a guide slope is provided at the bottom of the reactor; an upwardly protruding discharge component is provided at the discharge port, and the guide slope, the annular liner and the discharge component form an annular working groove, in which the kneading head makes a circular motion.

3. The environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The discharge assembly includes an outer discharge cylinder, an inner discharge cylinder, a second drive, a turbine, and a worm gear. The outer discharge cylinder is fixedly connected to the annular liner. The outer discharge cylinder is sleeved on the inner discharge cylinder and rotatably connected to it. The turbine gear is fixedly connected to the inner discharge cylinder. The second drive is fixedly connected to the outer discharge cylinder. The output end of the second drive is connected to the worm gear. The worm gear meshes with the turbine gear.

4. The environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible separation mechanism includes a first drive, a motor mounting base, a main drive shaft, a first gear, a second gear, a gear ring, and a driven shaft. The motor mounting base is fixedly connected to the end cover, and the first drive is fixedly connected to the motor mounting base. The output end of the first drive is fixedly connected to the main drive shaft via a coupling. The lower end of the main drive shaft extends through the end cover into the interior of the reactor body, and the lower end of the main drive shaft is fixedly connected to the first gear. The second gear meshes with both the first gear and the gear ring. The driven shaft is fixedly connected to the second gear, and the lower end of the driven shaft is drively connected to the kneading head.

5. The environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The kneading head is made of an elastic and wear-resistant material, and the lower end of the kneading head is provided with several hemispherical protrusions.

6. The environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flexible separation mechanism further includes a tension shaft, one end of which is rotatably connected to the main drive shaft via a first universal joint, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the driven shaft via a second universal joint.

7. The environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precooling mechanism includes a pipeline pump, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a first solenoid valve, and a second solenoid valve; the vessel body has a water inlet at the lower end of the precooling chamber, and a water outlet and an overflow outlet at the upper end of the precooling chamber; one end of the first pipeline is connected to the water inlet, and the other end of the first pipeline is connected to the output end of the heat exchanger; the pipeline pump and the first solenoid valve are mounted on the first pipeline; one section of the second pipeline is connected to the water outlet, and the other end of the second pipeline is connected to the input end of the heat exchanger; the second solenoid valve is mounted on the second pipeline; a first safety valve is mounted on the overflow outlet.

8. The environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas recovery mechanism includes an air pump, a third pipe, a fourth pipe, a third solenoid valve, and a fourth solenoid valve. One end of the third pipe is connected to the gas collection port, and the other end of the third pipe is connected to the input end of the air pump. One end of the fourth pipe is connected to the output end of the air pump, and the other end of the fourth pipe is connected to the gas storage tank. The third solenoid valve is installed on the third pipe, and the fourth solenoid valve is installed on the fourth pipe.

9. The environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, A butterfly valve is installed at the discharge port, and a screw conveyor is installed at the lower end of the discharge port.

10. An environmentally friendly separation method for waste asphalt mixtures, using an environmentally friendly separation device for waste asphalt mixtures as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S01: Add the raw material to be processed into the reaction vessel and let it stand for 5 to 10 minutes; S02: Solid carbon dioxide is added, wherein the amount of solid carbon dioxide added is 3% to 5% of the mass of the raw material to be treated; at the same time, the flexible separation mechanism is started at idle speed to fully mix the raw material to be treated and the solid carbon dioxide to prepare a mixture; S03: The flexible separation mechanism operates at a standard speed to perform flexible separation of the mixture, peeling the fine material from the coarse material. The standard speed is 200 r / min. S04: Recover gaseous carbon dioxide, which is compressed and condensed to be reconstituted into solid carbon dioxide and reused in step S02; S05: Collect the fine material and the coarse material respectively; S06: Allow the fine material to stand in a ventilated environment at room temperature for 30 to 60 minutes; S07: The coarse particles are screened and graded.

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