A kind of waste high iron magnesium sand-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device

Abstract

This invention provides a crushing device for waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory bricks, belonging to the field of refractory brick crushing technology. It includes: a double-layer frame, a crushing mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a pulverizing mechanism, a vibrating screen, and a recycling box. The crushing mechanism includes a crushing box, a support base, a first hydraulic cylinder, a crushing plate, a sliding rod, a slider, and a connecting rod. The crushing box and the support base are both fixed to the upper layer of the double-layer frame. The first hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the support base, and its telescopic end is connected to the crushing plate. The crushing plate is equipped with multiple crushing hammers, and the crushing plate is positioned opposite the crushing box. The support base has a sliding groove, and a sliding rod is installed within the groove. The slider is slidably connected to the sliding rod, and both ends of the connecting rod are hinged to the slider and the crushing plate, respectively. This invention solves the problems of single crushing process, uneven particle size, easy swaying and jamming of the crushing mechanism, loose equipment layout, and excessive manual handling in existing technologies, achieving multi-stage crushing, stable operation, compact layout, and high production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of refractory brick crushing technology, specifically relating to a crushing device for waste high-iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory bricks. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed ferromagnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory bricks are a type of high-performance alkaline refractory material, primarily made from high-purity magnesia and pre-synthetic magnesia-alumina spinel, produced through high-pressure molding and high-temperature firing. They are widely used as linings in high-temperature industrial equipment such as cement rotary kilns and steelmaking furnaces. However, these refractory bricks become solid waste after reaching their service life. These waste refractory bricks contain a large amount of recyclable magnesia and spinel components; direct disposal not only wastes resources but also causes environmental pollution. Therefore, crushing, recycling, and reusing waste high-speed ferromagnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory bricks has significant economic and environmental value.

[0003] However, traditional crushing devices often employ a single crushing method, such as using only a jaw crusher or hammer crusher for primary crushing. This approach has the following drawbacks: First, due to the high hardness and large size of refractory bricks, single-stage crushing is insufficient to process the material to the required fineness, resulting in a wide particle size distribution and poor uniformity after crushing. This often requires multiple screenings and repeated crushing, leading to low processing efficiency and difficulty in guaranteeing the quality of recycled raw materials, thus affecting subsequent utilization. Second, the crushing plates in existing equipment are prone to swaying or jamming when impacting large, high-hardness refractory bricks, which not only affects crushing efficiency but also increases equipment failure rate and reduces equipment lifespan. This problem is particularly prominent for high-hardness ferromagnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory bricks. Third, the functional units of traditional crushing devices are usually dispersed, requiring manual or auxiliary equipment to transfer materials between coarse crushing, fine crushing, and screening processes. This not only increases labor intensity but also reduces production efficiency. Furthermore, the overall equipment occupies a large area, which is not conducive to a compact production layout.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a waste refractory brick crushing device that can achieve multi-stage crushing, stable operation, compact layout and high processing efficiency, which is of great significance for improving the resource utilization level of waste refractory materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a crushing device for waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory bricks, which solves the problems of single crushing process, uneven particle size, easy swaying and jamming of crushing mechanism, loose equipment layout and excessive manual handling in the existing technology, and achieves the purpose of multi-stage crushing, stable operation, compact layout and high production efficiency.

[0006] The specific technical solution is as follows: A crushing device for waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory bricks includes: a double-layer frame, a crushing mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a pulverizing mechanism, a vibrating screen, and a recovery box. The crushing mechanism includes a crushing box, a support base, a first hydraulic cylinder, a crushing plate, a sliding rod, a slider, and a connecting rod. The crushing box and the support base are both fixed on the upper layer of the double-layer frame. The first hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the support base, and the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the crushing plate. The crushing plate is provided with multiple crushing hammers, and the crushing plate is positioned opposite to the crushing box. The support base is provided with a sliding groove, and a sliding rod is provided in the groove. The slider is slidably connected to the sliding rod, and both ends of the connecting rod are hinged to the slider and the crushing plate, respectively. The pushing mechanism is located on one side of the crushing box, and the pushing mechanism is positioned opposite to the discharge port of the crushing box. The pulverizing mechanism is located on the lower layer of the double-layer frame, and the pulverizing mechanism is positioned opposite to the discharge port of the crushing box. The vibrating screen is located below the double-layer frame and is positioned opposite to the discharge port of the pulverizing mechanism. The recovery box is located on one side of the vibrating screen to recover unqualified materials from the crushing process, so that the unqualified materials can be crushed again.

[0007] In addition, the waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device provided by the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: In the above technical solution, the pushing mechanism includes: a second hydraulic cylinder, a pushing plate, and a placement groove; the second hydraulic cylinder is located on the upper layer of the double-layer frame, the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pushing plate, and the pushing plate is positioned opposite to the discharge port of the crushing box; the placement groove is located on one side of the crushing box, and the pushing plate is placed in the placement groove.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the crushing mechanism includes: a crushing box, two crushing roller shafts, two gears and a motor; the crushing box is located on the lower layer of the double-layer frame; both crushing roller shafts are rotatably connected to the crushing box; the two gears are respectively sleeved on the outside of the two crushing roller shafts, the two gears mesh and drive each other, and the gears are located on the outside of the crushing box; the motor is located on one side of the crushing box, and the output end of the motor is connected to one of the crushing rollers.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the crushing box is equipped with a liner.

[0010] In the above technical solution, guide plates are provided on both sides of the crushing box, so that the material falls between the two crushing rollers along the guide plates.

[0011] In the above technical solution, a guide plate is provided at the discharge port of the crushing box, and the guide plate extends towards the crushing box.

[0012] In the above technical solution, splash guards are provided on both sides of the crushing box.

[0013] The present invention provides a waste high-iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device, which, compared with the prior art, has the following advantages: 1. By incorporating a crushing mechanism, a grinding mechanism, and a vibrating screen, a complete processing chain of coarse crushing, fine crushing, and screening is formed. The crushing mechanism utilizes a hydraulically driven crushing plate in conjunction with a crushing box to initially crush the refractory bricks. The grinding mechanism uses two meshing grinding rollers to perform secondary fine crushing of the coarsely crushed material, improving the fineness of the crushed material. The vibrating screen classifies the crushed material; qualified material falls to the bottom, while unqualified material is collected in a recycling bin. Workers then return the unqualified material to the grinding box for further crushing, thus ensuring the uniformity of the final product's particle size and improving the material quality. This design effectively solves the problems of a single crushing process and uneven particle size in existing technologies, significantly improving the quality of the recovered materials.

[0014] 2. In the crushing mechanism, by setting grooves, sliding rods, and sliders on the support base, and hinged the connecting rod to the crushing plate, precise guidance and support are provided for the reciprocating motion of the crushing plate. This effectively prevents the crushing plate from swaying or jamming when impacting large materials, ensuring the stability and reliability of the crushing action. This design significantly reduces the equipment failure rate, extends the equipment service life, and improves crushing efficiency, making it particularly suitable for crushing large refractory bricks with high hardness.

[0015] 3. The double-layer frame design places the crushing and grinding mechanisms on the upper and lower layers of the frame, respectively, enabling tiered and graded material processing. This design not only saves floor space but also utilizes gravity for automated material transport, reducing intermediate transfer steps. Material falls directly from the crushing chamber outlet into the grinding chamber via a guide plate, is then ground, and finally falls onto the vibrating screen. The entire process is smooth and continuous, requiring no manual handling, significantly reducing labor intensity and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of a waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a rear view of a waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device according to the present invention. in, Figures 1 to 3 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows: 10 Double-layer frame, 11 Vibrating screen, 12 Recycling box, 13 Crushing box, 14 Support base, 15 First hydraulic cylinder, 16 Crushing plate, 17 Sliding rod, 18 Sliding block, 19 Connecting rod, 20 Crusher hammer, 21 Slide chute, 22 Discharge port, 23 Feed outlet, 24 Second hydraulic cylinder, 25 Pusher plate, 26 Placement trough, 27 Crushing box, 28 Crushing roller, 29 Gear, 30 Motor, 31 Liner, 32 Guide plate, 33 Flow guide plate, 34 Splash guard. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following are specific implementation cases and appendices. Figure 1-3 The present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0018] A crushing device for waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory bricks, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the system includes: a double-layer frame 10, a crushing mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a pulverizing mechanism, a vibrating screen 11, and a recycling box 12; the crushing mechanism includes a crushing box 13, a support base 14, a first hydraulic cylinder 15, a crushing plate 16, a sliding rod 17, a slider 18, and a connecting rod 19; the crushing box 13 and the support base 14 are both fixed on the upper layer of the double-layer frame 10, the first hydraulic cylinder 15 is fixed on the support base 14, the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 15 is connected to the crushing plate 16, the crushing plate 16 is provided with multiple crushing hammers 20, and the crushing plate 16 is positioned opposite to the crushing box 13; the support base 14 is provided with a sliding groove 21, and the sliding groove 21 contains... A sliding rod 17 is provided, and a slider 18 is slidably connected to the sliding rod 17. The two ends of the connecting rod 19 are respectively hinged to the slider 18 and the crushing plate 16. The pushing mechanism is located on one side of the crushing box 13, and the pushing mechanism is opposite to the discharge port 22 of the crushing box 13. The crushing mechanism is located on the lower layer of the double-layer frame 10, and the crushing mechanism is opposite to the discharge port 22 of the crushing box 13. The vibrating screen 11 is located below the double-layer frame 10 and is opposite to the discharge port 23 of the crushing mechanism. The recycling box 12 is located on one side of the vibrating screen 11 to recycle the crushed unqualified materials so that the unqualified materials can be crushed again.

[0019] By setting up a crushing mechanism, a pulverizing mechanism, and a vibrating screen 11, a complete processing chain of coarse crushing, fine crushing, and screening is formed. The crushing mechanism uses a hydraulically driven crushing plate 16 in conjunction with a crushing box 13 to perform initial crushing of the refractory bricks. The pulverizing mechanism uses two meshing pulverizing rollers 28 to perform secondary fine crushing of the coarsely crushed material, improving the fineness of the material. The vibrating screen 11 classifies the crushed material; qualified material falls down, while unqualified material is collected through a recycling box 12. Workers then pour the unqualified material back into the pulverizing box 27 for further crushing, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the particle size of the final product and improving the quality of the material. This design effectively solves the problems of a single crushing process and uneven particle size in existing technologies, and significantly improves the quality of the recycled material.

[0020] In the crushing mechanism, by setting a groove 21, a sliding rod 17, and a slider 18 on the support base 14, and hinged the connecting rod 19 to the crushing plate 16, precise guidance and support are provided for the reciprocating motion of the crushing plate 16. This effectively prevents the crushing plate 16 from swaying or jamming when impacting large materials, ensuring the stability and reliability of the crushing action. This design significantly reduces the equipment failure rate, extends the equipment service life, and improves crushing efficiency, making it particularly suitable for crushing large refractory bricks with high hardness.

[0021] The double-layer frame design 10 places the crushing and grinding mechanisms on the upper and lower layers of the frame 10, respectively, enabling layered and graded material processing. This design not only saves space but also utilizes gravity for automatic material conveying, reducing intermediate transfer steps. Material falls directly from the discharge port 22 of the crushing box 13 into the grinding box 27 via the guide plate 33, and then falls into the vibrating screen 11 after grinding. The entire process is smooth and continuous, requiring no manual transfer, significantly reducing labor intensity and improving production efficiency.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present invention, the pushing mechanism includes: a second hydraulic cylinder 24, a pushing plate 25, and a placement groove 26; the second hydraulic cylinder 24 is disposed on the upper layer of the double-layer frame 10, the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 24 is connected to the pushing plate 25, and the pushing plate 25 is positioned opposite to the discharge port 22 of the crushing box 13; the placement groove 26 is disposed on one side of the crushing box 13, and the pushing plate 25 is placed in the placement groove 26.

[0023] The second hydraulic cylinder 24 drives the pusher plate 25 to move, automatically pushing the crushed material out of the discharge port 22 of the crushing box 13 without manual intervention, thus improving the automation level of the equipment.

[0024] Specifically, during the operation of the crushing mechanism, the pusher plate 25 is located in the placement groove 26, thereby avoiding interference with the crushing mechanism.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, the pulverizing mechanism includes: a pulverizing box 27, two pulverizing roller shafts 28, two gears 29, and a motor 30; the pulverizing box 27 is disposed on the lower layer of the double-layer frame 10; both pulverizing roller shafts 28 are rotatably connected to the pulverizing box 27; the two gears 29 are respectively sleeved on the outside of the two pulverizing roller shafts 28, the two gears 29 mesh and drive each other, and the gears 29 are located on the outside of the pulverizing box 27; the motor 30 is disposed on one side of the pulverizing box 27, and the output end of the motor 30 is connected to one of the pulverizing rollers.

[0026] The motor 30 drives one of the crushing roller shafts 28 to rotate, and the gear 29 on the crushing roller shaft 28 also rotates. The gears 29 on the two crushing roller shafts 28 mesh and drive each other, thereby driving the two crushing roller shafts 28 to rotate relative to each other to crush the material and achieve the purpose of fine crushing of the material.

[0027] In addition, the crushing mechanism is vertically arranged with the upper crushing mechanism of the double-layer frame 10. The material falls directly into the meshing point of the two rollers by gravity, without the need for an additional conveying device. The structure is compact and the energy consumption is low.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, a liner 31 is provided inside the crushing box 13.

[0029] By installing the liner 31, the inner wall of the crushing box 13 is protected from material impact and wear, thus extending the service life of the crushing box 13.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, guide plates 32 are provided on both sides of the crushing box 27, so that the material falls between the two crushing roller shafts 28 along the guide plates 32.

[0031] By setting the guide plate 32, the material can fall accurately between the two crushing rollers 28 along the guide plate 32, ensuring that the material enters the crushing area and improving the crushing efficiency.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, a guide plate 33 is provided at the discharge port 22 of the crushing box 13, and the guide plate 33 extends toward the crushing box 27.

[0033] By setting the guide plate 33, the crushed material can be guided to fall smoothly into the crushing box 27.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, splash guards 34 are provided on both sides of the crushing box 27.

[0035] By setting up the splash guard 34, it is possible to prevent materials from accidentally splashing outside while moving along the guide plate 33.

[0036] The working process of the waste high-iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device provided by the present invention is as follows: Step 1: Feeding. The staff put the waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory bricks into the crushing box 13. The material is placed at the bottom of the crushing box 13, directly below the crushing plate 16.

[0037] Step Two: Initial Crushing. The first hydraulic cylinder 15 is activated, and its extension / retraction end drives the crushing plate 16 downwards. The crushing plate 16 is hinged to the slider 18 via a connecting rod 19. The slider 18 slides along the sliding rod 17 within the sliding groove 21, providing precise guidance and support for the reciprocating motion of the crushing plate 16. Multiple hammers 20 on the crushing plate 16 impact and crush the refractory bricks, breaking large pieces into smaller particles. The liner 31 protects the inner wall of the crushing chamber 13 from material impact and abrasion.

[0038] Step 3: Pushing the material. After the initial crushing is completed, the second hydraulic cylinder 24 is activated. The telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 24 drives the pusher plate 25 to move, pushing the crushed material out of the discharge port 22 of the crushing box 13. The pusher plate 25 slides in the placement groove 26 to ensure stable pushing action.

[0039] Step 4: Material conveying. The crushed material is guided by the guide plate 33 at the discharge port 22 of the crushing box 13 and automatically falls into the lower crushing box 27 by gravity. The guide plate 33 extends towards the crushing box 27 to ensure smooth material conveying and avoid material blockage and spillage.

[0040] Step 5: Fine Grinding. Start motor 30. The output of motor 30 drives one of the grinding rollers 28 to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of two gears 29, the two grinding rollers 28 rotate synchronously in opposite directions. After the material falls into the grinding chamber 27, it falls along the guide plates 32 on both sides onto the meshing point of the two grinding rollers 28, where it is squeezed and sheared by the two grinding rollers 28, undergoing secondary fine grinding to improve the fineness of the material. A splash guard 34 prevents material from splashing during the grinding process.

[0041] Step Six: Screening. The crushed material falls from the feed inlet 23 of the crushing box 27 and enters the vibrating screen 11 for screening. The vibrating screen 11 classifies the crushed material, and the material with qualified particle size falls through the screen and enters the qualified material collection area.

[0042] Step 7: Recycling and reprocessing. After being separated by the vibrating screen 11, the substandard material is collected through the recycling bin 12. The staff pours the substandard material in the recycling bin 12 back into the crushing bin 27 for further crushing to ensure the uniformity of the particle size of the final product.

[0043] Step 8: Complete. Repeat the above steps until all waste refractory bricks have been processed and recycled material with uniform particle size is obtained.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crushing device for waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory bricks, characterized in that, include: The machine comprises a double-layer frame, a crushing mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a pulverizing mechanism, a vibrating screen, and a recovery box. The crushing mechanism includes a crushing box, a support base, a first hydraulic cylinder, a crushing plate, a sliding rod, a slider, and a connecting rod. The crushing box and the support base are fixed to the upper layer of the double-layer frame. The first hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the support base, and its telescopic end is connected to the crushing plate. The crushing plate is equipped with multiple crushing hammers, and the crushing plate is positioned opposite the crushing box. The support base has a sliding groove, and a sliding rod is installed within the groove. The slider is slidably connected to the sliding rod, and both ends of the connecting rod are hinged to the slider and the crushing plate, respectively. The pushing mechanism is located on one side of the crushing box, and its position is opposite to the discharge port of the crushing box. The pulverizing mechanism is located on the lower layer of the double-layer frame, and its position is opposite to the discharge port of the crushing box. The vibrating screen is located below the double-layer frame and opposite to the discharge port of the pulverizing mechanism. The recovery box is located on one side of the vibrating screen and recovers unqualified materials from the crushing process for further crushing.

2. The waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pushing mechanism includes: a second hydraulic cylinder, a pushing plate, and a placement groove; the second hydraulic cylinder is located on the upper layer of the double-layer frame, the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pushing plate, and the pushing plate is positioned opposite to the discharge port of the crushing box; the placement groove is located on one side of the crushing box, and the pushing plate is placed in the placement groove.

3. The waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes: a crushing box, two crushing rollers, two gears, and a motor; the crushing box is located on the lower layer of the double-layer frame; both crushing rollers are rotatably connected to the crushing box; the two gears are respectively sleeved on the outside of the two crushing rollers, and the two gears mesh for transmission, and the gears are located on the outside of the crushing box; the motor is located on one side of the crushing box, and the output end of the motor is connected to one of the crushing rollers.

4. The waste high-iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing chamber is lined with a liner.

5. The waste high-iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The crushing chamber is equipped with guide plates on both sides, so that the material falls between the two crushing rollers along the guide plates.

6. The waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The discharge port of the crushing box is provided with a guide plate, and the guide plate extends towards the crushing box.

7. The waste high-speed iron magnesia-magnesia-alumina spinel refractory brick crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both sides of the crushing box are equipped with splash guards.

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