Adjustable roll gap flexible de-flocculating seed treatment device and method for poplar seed

Abstract

An adjustable roller-gap flexible deflocculation device for treating clump-like seeds includes a deflocculation chamber, two flexible deflocculation rollers, a negative pressure suction port, a feed screen, two-stage counter-rotating screens, an impurity collection box, and a mounting base plate. A drive motor drives the two rollers to rotate in opposite directions via four gears and a double-swing arm connecting rod. Two sets of hand-cranked adjustable screws are used to adjust the roller spacing. A floating gear, constrained by the connecting rod, changes with the roller spacing and maintains meshing between adjacent gears. The first-stage screen traps large branches, while the second-stage screen traps and transports seeds. Fine impurities fall into the same impurity collection box. The screens are detachably connected to a perforated fixing plate via upper and lower split-type rotating locking components, and are guided and supported by buffer springs, thin guide rods, thick guide rods, and seated linear bearings. This device can achieve flexible deflocculation, negative pressure deflocculation, grading and screening, flow rate adjustment, and rapid maintenance. This device uses specific processing parameters and is suitable for processing clump-like seeds such as poplar seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of forest tree seed pretreatment and automatic detection equipment, specifically involving a flexible deflocculation and counter-rotating vibration sieving seed treatment device with adjustable roller spacing, which is particularly suitable for deflocculation, removal of flocculation, grading and sieving, and quantitative feeding of small seeds such as poplar with flocculated attachments. Background Technology

[0002] After collection, seeds of trees such as poplar are typically mixed with fibrous material, large branches, twigs, and dust. Before entering processes such as image acquisition or phenotyping, the clumps need to be broken up, and the seeds need to be graded and separated from impurities of different sizes. Current processing methods mostly rely on manual breaking up and multiple screenings, which are insufficient for continuous operation.

[0003] 1. Chinese patent application CN119856611A discloses a "pretreatment device for measuring the characteristics of small seeds with fluff and its application to poplar seeds" (application number 202510220989.5). The "seed-fluff separation module" described in this application uses the centrifugal force of a cyclone separator to separate seeds from impurities. This module separates the seed and fluff mixture after "fluff dissociation" using wind power. It is not specifically designed for separating the fluff growing at the base of poplar seeds; if used directly for "fluff dissociation," the effect is not ideal.

[0004] 2. Chinese patent application CN119924022A discloses a "portable seed and fluff separation device and method using a roller brush, and its application in poplar seeds" (application number 202510215590.8). The described "seed and fluff separation chamber" separates some seeds through the action of a roller brush between two brush rollers, and through the roller brush action between the brush rollers and the comb teeth of the shell and the collection chamber. The main problems with this solution are: its structure is primarily designed for portable, small-batch seed and fluff separation; the spacing between the brush rollers and the fit between the brush rollers and the shell are relatively fixed, making it difficult to adjust according to different fluff contents and agglomeration levels of poplar seeds. When the fluff clumps are large or there are many branch impurities, problems such as entanglement, blockage, or insufficient separation easily occur; when the spacing is small, it may cause compression damage to small seeds. Furthermore, this solution mainly relies on fan circulation and repeated action of the roller brush to complete the separation, lacking a continuous multi-stage anisotropic screening structure and a discharge flow rate adjustment structure, making it difficult to form a stable, continuous, and quantitative feeding process with downstream image acquisition equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable roller spacing flexible deflocculation device for treating flocculent seeds, and for use with poplar seeds, to solve problems such as difficulty in maintaining stable meshing of gear transmission after roller spacing adjustment, cumbersome disassembly and assembly of screens, insufficient vibration guidance of multi-layer screens, and difficulty in adjusting seed discharge flow.

[0006] Compared to the scheme described in CN119924022A, this invention adopts adjustable roller spacing flexible deflocculation, upper negative pressure flocculent suction, two-stage counter-directional vibrating screening, and flow baffle adjustment structure, which is more suitable for continuous pretreatment of poplar seeds before automated image acquisition.

[0007] The adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation flocculent seed treatment device of the present invention includes a negative pressure deflocculation component 2 and a screening component 4; the flocculent seeds are first deflocculated by the negative pressure deflocculation component 2, and then screened by the screening component 4 to obtain the desired seeds;

[0008] The negative pressure deflocculation assembly includes a deflocculation chamber 202, a negative pressure generating device, a deflocculation roller, and a deflocculation roller drive assembly;

[0009] The deflocculation chamber 202 is a hollow cavity, and a feed hopper 201 is connected to the top surface of the hollow cavity.

[0010] The deflocculation roller is located inside the hollow cavity, below the feed hopper; the shaft of the deflocculation roller is connected to the side wall of the hollow cavity through a bearing device.

[0011] The deflocculation rollers have one or more pairs;

[0012] Any pair of deflocculation rollers consists of a first flexible deflocculation roller 204 and a second flexible deflocculation roller 205 that are parallel to each other; the two flexible deflocculation rollers rotate in opposite directions; a plurality of flexible comb teeth 206 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the flexible deflocculation rollers, and the axis of each flexible comb tooth passes perpendicularly through the rotation axis of the flexible deflocculation roller; let the radius of the cylindrical area enclosed by the flexible comb teeth 206 as the flexible deflocculation rollers rotates be r, and let the axial distance between the first flexible deflocculation roller and the second flexible deflocculation roller be L, 2r>L;

[0013] The bottom surface of the hollow cavity is composed of a material feeding screen 207, and below the material feeding screen is a discharge hopper 208;

[0014] The side wall of the hollow cavity is provided with a negative pressure suction port 203, and the air intake of the negative pressure generating device is connected to the negative pressure suction port;

[0015] The deflocculation roller drive assembly includes a drive motor 301, a gear and connecting rod transmission mechanism, and a roller gap adjustment mechanism.

[0016] One set of deflocculation roller drive components corresponds to one pair of deflocculation rollers;

[0017] A set of deflocculation roller drive assembly has two sets of gear and linkage transmission mechanisms that are mirror images of each other. The two sets of gear and linkage transmission mechanisms are located at both ends of the rotating shaft of the deflocculation roller and outside the side wall of the hollow cavity.

[0018] A set of gear and linkage transmission mechanisms includes a first gear 302, a second gear 303, a third gear 304 and a fourth gear 305 that mesh externally in sequence, as well as a first swing arm linkage 306 and a second swing arm linkage 307;

[0019] The first gear 302 rotates coaxially with the first flexible deflocculation roller;

[0020] The fourth gear 305 rotates coaxially with the second flexible deflocculation roller;

[0021] The axle of the second gear 303 is fixed to the deflocculation chamber;

[0022] The third gear 304 is a floating gear;

[0023] The first and last ends of the first swing arm connecting rod 306 are rotatably connected to the axles of the second gear 303 and the third gear 304, respectively.

[0024] The first and last ends of the second swing arm connecting rod 307 are rotatably connected to the axles of the third gear 304 and the fourth gear 305, respectively.

[0025] Motor 301 drives either the first gear 302 or the fourth gear 305;

[0026] One set of gear and linkage transmission mechanism corresponds to one set of roller gap adjustment mechanism;

[0027] A set of roller gap adjustment mechanism includes a hand-cranked gap adjustment screw assembly, a slider and a sliding frame; the sliding frame is a hollowed-out part on the side wall of the hollow cavity, and the slider slides inside the sliding frame in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the deflocculating roller; the second flexible deflocculating roller's shaft is connected to the slider through a bearing device.

[0028] The screw head of the hand-cranked adjustable lead screw assembly is connected to a handwheel. The main body of the screw is inside the slide frame, and the axis of the screw is parallel to the sliding direction of the slider. The slider is connected to the nut of the lead screw assembly. The screw of the lead screw assembly is connected to the slide frame through a bearing device. The handwheel is located outside the deflocculation chamber.

[0029] The feed position of the screening component 4 is below the outlet of the discharge hopper 208.

[0030] Specifically:

[0031] The flexible comb teeth 206 are made of elastic polymer material, and the ends of the comb teeth have a smooth structure.

[0032] The flexible comb teeth 206 on the two flexible deflocculation rollers are arranged in an alternating manner, and comb and dissociate the flocs when the deflocculation rollers rotate in opposite directions.

[0033] The negative pressure suction port 203 is located in the area above the two flexible deflocculation rollers and is connected to the negative pressure source. The screen holes of the feed screen 207 are configured to allow seeds and branch impurities to pass downwards, and to retain fibrous flocs in the deflocculation chamber 202 or discharge them from the negative pressure suction port 203 under the action of negative pressure.

[0034] The screening assembly includes a first grading screen assembly 401 and a second grading screen assembly 403;

[0035] The screen of the first grading screen assembly 401 is below the outlet of the discharge hopper 208 and is inclined in the first direction, with the discharge end of the first grading screen assembly located at a low position.

[0036] The screen of the second grading screen assembly 403 is below the screen of the first grading screen assembly 401 and is inclined in the second direction. The discharge end of the second grading screen assembly is located at a low position. The first direction and the second direction are opposite.

[0037] Below the screen of the second grading screen assembly is an impurity collection box 5 with an open top surface; regarding the projection of the first and second grading screen assemblies onto the impurity collection box: the projection of the discharge end of the first grading screen assembly is outside the projection range of the second grading screen assembly, but within the range of the impurity collection box.

[0038] The impurity collection box receives large branches discharged from the first grading screen assembly and fine impurities passing through the second grading screen assembly.

[0039] Specifically:

[0040] The impurity collection box and the first and second grade screen assemblies are connected to the mounting base plate 101;

[0041] The mounting base plate has two elastic guide support columns connected to each of its two sides, and the four elastic guide support columns form a frame structure. Each elastic guide support column is formed by inserting a thin rod guide column 408 from top to bottom into the hollow of a thick rod guide column 410.

[0042] The lower part of the coarse rod guide column is connected to the mounting base plate via a seated linear bearing 409. The coarse rod guide column and the seated linear bearing are slidably connected, and the seated linear bearing is fixed to the mounting base plate. The second grading screen assembly 403 is connected to the bracket 413. The side of the bracket has a through hole, through which the thin rod guide column passes and is inserted into the coarse rod guide column. The top surface of the coarse rod guide column is supported on the bottom surface of the bracket. There is a buffer spring 407 between the bottom surface of the bracket and the top surface of the base plate. This buffer spring is sleeved on the outside of the coarse rod guide column.

[0043] The top of the thin rod guide column is connected to the hollow fixing plate 405. The first grading screen assembly is detachably installed on the hollow fixing plate via a rotary quick-locking assembly 406 (such as IMAO brand products). Another buffer spring is connected between the bottom surface of the hollow fixing plate and the top surface of the bracket. This buffer spring is sleeved on the outside of the thin rod guide column.

[0044] The second grading screen assembly is detachably mounted on the bracket 413 via a rotary quick-locking assembly;

[0045] The impurity collection box is detachably mounted on the base plate via a rotary quick-locking assembly.

[0046] Furthermore, the seed discharge end of the screen of the second grading screen assembly 403 is connected to a flow baffle 402 perpendicular to the screen surface; the two flow baffles are respectively connected to the two side guard plates of the screen through damping hinges 404.

[0047] Furthermore, the mounting base plate 101 is connected to the vibration platform 3.

[0048] The deflocculation rollers are arranged in multiple pairs horizontally, with the rotation axes of adjacent pairs of deflocculation rollers perpendicular to each other, and the heights of adjacent pairs of deflocculation rollers are different.

[0049] The gear and connecting rod transmission mechanism is covered by a transparent protective cover.

[0050] The upper and lower rows of the sliding frame have dustproof brush strips, and the ends of the two dustproof brush strips are staggered. The sliding path of the rotating shaft of the sliding deflocculation roller is at the staggered position of the two dustproof brush strips.

[0051] The device of this invention is used for the dissociation and grading of poplar seeds.

[0052] The typical dimensions of poplar seeds are: approximately 3.35 mm in length, 1.0 mm in width, and 0.5 mm in thickness; the length of the large branches to be separated is approximately 3.62–6.7 mm, and the thickness is approximately 0.5 mm; the length of the small branches is approximately 0–3 mm, and the thickness is approximately 0.5 mm.

[0053] The body diameter of the flexible deflocculation roller is preferably 55 mm, and the flexible comb teeth 206 are preferably made of silicone material, with a tooth length of 10-20 mm, preferably about 15 mm. The axial distance between the first flexible deflocculation roller 204 and the second flexible deflocculation roller 205 is 55-70 mm, preferably about 60 mm. When the roller body diameter is 55 mm, the comb tooth length is about 15 mm, and the axial distance between the two rollers is about 60 mm, the overlap of the rotational envelope of the flexible comb teeth in the free state is about 25 mm. Because the flexible comb teeth 206 are made of elastic materials such as silicone, they can bend and make room during operation, thereby reducing the rigid compression on poplar seeds while combing the flocculation.

[0054] The drive motor 301 is preferably a servo motor paired with a planetary reducer. The servo motor is used to precisely adjust the speed of the deflocculation rollers, while the planetary reducer is used to reduce the output speed and increase the output torque, enabling the two flexible deflocculation rollers to comb the poplar seed fluff in a low-speed, high-torque, continuous and stable manner. The speed of the deflocculation rollers can be set to 30–200 r / min, preferably 60–120 r / min.

[0055] The internal dimensions of the deflocculation chamber 202 can be set to approximately 242 mm × 157 mm × 245 mm. The negative pressure suction port 203 is preferably located 20–80 mm above the rotation center line of the two flexible deflocculation rollers on the side wall, and the opening size of the negative pressure suction port 203 is preferably 120 mm × 30 mm. This location is in an area where the flocs tend to float and aggregate after being disturbed by the rollers, allowing for preferential suction of lightweight flocs and reducing accidental suction of falling seeds and branches. The suction velocity at the negative pressure suction port 203 is preferably 2.0–4.0 m / s, corresponding to an airflow of approximately 25–55 m³ / h; the negative pressure can be set to -0.3–-1.2 kPa, preferably -0.5–-0.8 kPa.

[0056] The first grading screen assembly 401 preferably uses an oblong-hole screen with a hole length of 3.4–4.5 mm and a hole width of 1.2–1.8 mm, allowing poplar seeds and small twigs to pass through while retaining longer, larger twigs. The second grading screen assembly 403 preferably uses a strip-shaped hole screen with a hole width of 0.6–0.9 mm and a hole length of 8–20 mm, allowing small twig clippings and dust to fall into the impurity collection box 5, while retaining the poplar seeds on the second grading screen assembly 403 and conveying them along an inclined direction to the discharge end. The vibration frequency of the vibrating platform 3 is adjustable, preferably operating at a frequency of 40–60 Hz and an amplitude of 0.3–2.0 mm.

[0057] The working process and principle of this technical solution are explained as follows:

[0058] Two flexible deflocculation rollers rotate in opposite directions under the action of a drive motor. The flexible comb teeth on the rollers comb and separate the flocs. The lightweight flocs that are disturbed and floated by the rollers are discharged through the negative pressure suction port, while seeds and twig impurities enter the screening area below through the feed screen.

[0059] An adaptive transmission mechanism consisting of four gears and a double-swing arm connecting rod connected to two flexible deflocculating rollers. When the movable roller moves horizontally under the action of the hand-cranked adjusting screw, the third gear rotates and changes position with the two swing arm connecting rods, so that the meshing center distance of the adjacent gears is kept within the allowable range.

[0060] The two-stage screen components are inclined in opposite directions: the first-stage screen component traps larger branches and conveys them to the impurity collection box; seeds and smaller impurities pass through the first-stage screen component and fall into the second-stage screen component, which traps seeds and conveys them to the seed discharge end (discharge end), while fine twigs and dust pass through the second-stage screen component and fall into the impurity collection box.

[0061] In the rotary quick-locking assembly consisting of an upper locking member and a lower locking seat, rotating the upper locking member engages or disengages it from the lower locking seat, thus enabling quick assembly and disassembly of the screen. The second-stage screen assembly and the impurity collection box can employ the same or similar quick-release connection structure.

[0062] This seed treatment device is equipped with four sets of elastic guide support structures. The thin rod guide column is connected to the first grading screen assembly and slides within the coarse rod guide column; the coarse rod guide column is connected to the second grading screen assembly, and its lower part slides within a seated linear bearing; the seated linear bearing is fixed to the mounting base plate by fixing screws. The limiting step on the coarse rod guide column is used to limit its maximum axial displacement, and the buffer spring is used to provide elastic reset and vibration damping support.

[0063] The seed discharge end of the second-stage screening assembly is equipped with a flow baffle, which is connected by a damping hinge. Changing the angle of the flow baffle adjusts the flow area at the seed outlet, and the damping hinge keeps the flow baffle in a set position.

[0064] This seed treatment device combines flexible deflocculation, negative pressure deflocculation, roller gap adjustment, counter-directional grading and screening, quick-release maintenance, and stable guiding functions. Specifically, the beneficial effects of this seed treatment device are mainly as follows:

[0065] (1) A variable position transmission chain is formed by four gears and double swing arm connecting rods, which can maintain continuous single motor counter-transmission when adjusting the roller spacing, reducing the possibility of gear jamming or disengagement.

[0066] (2) The flexible comb teeth can reduce the rigid impact on small seeds during the deflocculation process. The negative pressure suction port is set above the roller, which can be used to separate the flocs by taking advantage of their light weight and easy floating characteristics.

[0067] (3) The two-stage screens are tilted in opposite directions, so that large branches, seeds and small impurities move along different paths and are collected by the same impurity collection box, making the structure compact.

[0068] (4) The rotary quick-locking assembly facilitates the replacement and cleaning of the screen; the dual-stage sliding guide and buffer spring can limit the lateral swing and torsion of the screen, and improve the operational stability of the multi-layer screening structure.

[0069] (5) The damped hinged flow baffle can adjust the seed flow according to the downstream feeding and image acquisition cycle, which is convenient for integration with existing detection equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0070] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the seed treatment device as a pre-treatment device in the testing process (used in conjunction with a flexible vibrating plate and a cleaning module, etc.).

[0071] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the seed treatment device in this embodiment;

[0072] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram (radial section) of the internal structure of the negative pressure deflocculation component in this embodiment.

[0073] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deflocculation roller and the deflocculation roller drive assembly in this embodiment;

[0074] ( Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the original design, to clearly demonstrate the detailed structure of the roller gap adjustment, no dustproof brush strips were installed on the sliding frame. In the actual implementation, dustproof brush strips are installed on both the upper and lower rows corresponding to the cutout area of ​​the sliding frame. The ends of the two dustproof brush strips are staggered, and the sliding path of the deflocculating roller's shaft is at the staggered position of the two dustproof brush strips.

[0075] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the screening component in this embodiment;

[0076] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0077] In the diagram: 1. Seed processing device; 2. Negative pressure deflocculation component; 3. Vibrating platform; 4. Screening component; 5. Impurity collection box; 6. Cleaning module; 7. Flexible vibrating plate.

[0078] Mounting base plate 101 and frame 102;

[0079] Feed hopper 201, deflocculation chamber 202, negative pressure suction port 203, first flexible deflocculation roller 204, second flexible deflocculation roller 205, flexible comb teeth 206, material passing screen 207, discharge hopper 208;

[0080] Drive motor 301, first gear 302, second gear 303, third gear 304, fourth gear 305, first swing arm connecting rod 306, second swing arm connecting rod 307, first hand-cranked adjustable lead screw assembly 308, second hand-cranked adjustable lead screw assembly 309, transparent protective cover 312; slide frame 313, slider 314, screw 315;

[0081] First grading screen assembly 401, flow baffle 402, second grading screen assembly 403, damping hinge 404, hollow fixing plate 405, rotary quick locking assembly 406, upper locking part 4061, lower locking seat 4062, buffer spring 407, thin rod guide post 408, seated linear bearing 409, thick rod guide post 410, limiting step 411, fixing screw 412, bracket (for supporting the second grading screen assembly) 413. Detailed Implementation

[0082] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following embodiments are used to illustrate the structure and working principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, the dimensions, materials, and connection methods of each component can be adjusted according to different seed varieties and processing capacities.

[0083] refer to Figure 2 A flexible deflocculation and counter-rotating vibrating sieve seed processing device with adjustable roller spacing includes a mounting base plate 101, a deflocculation chamber 202, a first grading screen assembly 401, a second grading screen assembly 403, and an impurity collection box 5.

[0084] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The deflocculation chamber 202 has a feed hopper 201 at its top. A first flexible deflocculation roller 204 and a second flexible deflocculation roller 205 are arranged parallel to each other inside the chamber. Flexible comb teeth 206 are provided on the outer periphery of both rollers. A feed screen 207 is provided at the bottom of the chamber. A negative pressure suction port 203 is provided on the upper side wall of the chamber. A drive motor 301, a gear and rod transmission mechanism, and a roller gap adjustment mechanism are connected to the first flexible deflocculation roller 204 and the second flexible deflocculation roller 205. The first grading screen assembly 401 is positioned below the feed screen 207 and inclined in a first direction to intercept large branches. The second grading screen assembly 403 is positioned below the first grading screen assembly 401 and inclined in a second direction opposite to the first direction to intercept and transport seeds. The impurity collection box 5 is used to receive large branches discharged from the first grading screen assembly 401 and small impurities passing through the second grading screen assembly 403.

[0085] The gear linkage transmission mechanism includes a first gear 302, a second gear 303, a third gear 304, and a fourth gear 305 that mesh externally in sequence, as well as a first swing arm linkage 306 and a second swing arm linkage 307. The first gear 302 is coaxially arranged with one of the flexible deflocculation rollers, and the fourth gear 305 is coaxially arranged with the other flexible deflocculation roller. The axle of the second gear 303 is fixed relative to the deflocculation chamber 202, and the third gear 304 is a floating gear. The two ends of the first swing arm linkage 306 are rotatably connected to the axles of the second gear 303 and the third gear 304, respectively, and the two ends of the second swing arm linkage 307 are rotatably connected to the axles of the third gear 304 and the fourth gear 305, respectively.

[0086] The roller gap adjustment mechanism includes a first hand-cranked adjustment screw assembly 308 and a second hand-cranked adjustment screw assembly 309. The first hand-cranked adjustment screw assembly 308 and the second hand-cranked adjustment screw assembly 309 act on the two ends of the movable flexible deflocculation roller, respectively. By adjusting the two hand-cranked adjustment screw assemblies by an equal amount, the movable flexible deflocculation roller is translated relative to the other flexible deflocculation roller, and the axes of the two rollers are kept parallel.

[0087] The flexible comb teeth 206 are made of elastic polymer material and have a smooth end structure. The flexible comb teeth 206 on the two flexible deflocculation rollers are arranged in an alternating manner and comb and dissociate the flocs when the rollers rotate in opposite directions.

[0088] The negative pressure suction port 203 is located in the area above the two flexible deflocculation rollers and is connected to the negative pressure source. The screen holes of the feed screen 207 are configured to allow seeds and branch impurities to pass downwards, and to retain fibrous flocs in the deflocculation chamber 202 or discharge them from the negative pressure suction port 203 under the action of negative pressure.

[0089] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first grading screen assembly 401 is detachably mounted on the perforated fixing plate 405 via a rotary quick-locking assembly 406. The rotary quick-locking assembly 406 includes an upper locking member 4061 mounted on the first grading screen assembly 401 and a lower locking seat 4062 mounted on the perforated fixing plate 405. The upper locking member 4061 and the lower locking seat 4062 are rotatably engaged to achieve locking and releasing of the first grading screen assembly 401.

[0090] Four sets of elastic guide support structures are provided between the first grading screen assembly 401 and the second grading screen assembly 403, and between the second grading screen assembly 403 and the mounting base plate 101. Each set of elastic guide support structures includes a buffer spring 407, a thin rod guide post 408, a seated linear bearing 409, and a coarse rod guide post 410. The thin rod guide post 408 is connected to the first grading screen assembly 401 and is slidably inserted into the coarse rod guide post 410. The coarse rod guide post 410 is connected to the second grading screen assembly 403 and is slidably inserted into the seated linear bearing 409. A limit step 411 is provided on the coarse rod guide post 410. The seated linear bearing 409 is fixed to the mounting base plate 101 by fixing screws 412.

[0091] The seed discharge end of the second grading screen assembly 403 is provided with a flow baffle 402. The flow baffle 402 is connected to the second grading screen assembly 403 through a damping hinge 404 to adjust the flow area at the seed discharge end and maintain the adjustment angle.

[0092] A transparent protective cover 312 is provided on the outside of the gear connecting rod transmission mechanism. The transparent protective cover is used to isolate the fibrous material and the transmission components, and allows observation of the gear meshing state.

[0093] refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the seed processing device is used for separation before non-contact seed detection, and the seed processing device 1 is located upstream of the flexible vibrating plate 7. The overall operating system includes the seed processing device 1, the flexible vibrating plate 7, the image acquisition station, and the cleaning module 6. The seed discharge end of the seed processing device 1 is connected to the flexible vibrating plate 7, which transports the seeds to the image acquisition station. The cleaning module 6 is used to recover the seeds by negative pressure after detection. The cleaning module 6 includes a cyclone separator and an adjustable clamping mechanism for holding the cyclone separator. The adjustable clamping mechanism includes a bracket, a hand crank screw, a guide rod, and two arc-shaped clamping parts. The two arc-shaped clamping parts can move towards or away from each other under the drive of the hand crank screw to adapt to cyclone separators with different outer diameters.

[0094] In this application, after deflocculation and grading, the seeds enter the flexible vibrating plate 7 from the seed discharge end of the seed processing device and are then transported to the image acquisition station by the flexible vibrating plate 7. The cleaning module 6 is located next to the detection station and is used to collect seeds after a single batch of testing. In this application, the seed processing device is a stand-alone pretreatment device.

[0095] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The flexible comb teeth 206 of the two flexible deflocculation rollers are interlaced to comb and loosen the tangled flocs. The flexible material and smooth ends can reduce the hard compression on the seeds.

[0096] The negative pressure suction port 203 is located on the upper side wall of the deflocculation chamber 202. The turbulence generated by the rotation of the rollers causes the lighter flocs to float in the chamber and be extracted through the negative pressure suction port 203; seeds, large branches, and small twigs fall onto the feed screen 207 under gravity and enter the screening area. The feed screen 207 can also block large flocs that have not been fully deflocculated, allowing them to continue to be acted upon by the flexible comb teeth 206.

[0097] refer to Figure 4 The axle of the second gear 303 is fixed, while the axle of the third gear 304 can swing with the connecting rod. The first swing arm connecting rod 306 is used to maintain the center distance between the second gear 303 and the third gear 304, and the second swing arm connecting rod 307 is used to maintain the center distance between the third gear 304 and the fourth gear 305. Due to the three external meshings between the four gears, the rotation directions of the first gear 302 and the fourth gear 305 are opposite, thereby causing the two flexible deflocculation rollers to rotate in opposite directions.

[0098] The first hand-cranked adjusting screw assembly 308 and the second hand-cranked adjusting screw assembly 309 are respectively connected to the support seats (i.e., sliders) at both ends of the movable roller. When the operator adjusts the two sets of screws by the same amount, the movable roller translates along the set direction and remains parallel to the fixed roller. The fourth gear 305 translates with the movable roller, and the third gear 304 changes position under the constraint of the first swing arm connecting rod 306 and the second swing arm connecting rod 307, thereby adapting to the change in the center distance between the two rollers. A transparent protective cover is installed outside the gear transmission area to reduce the entry of flocs into the meshing area and facilitate observation of the operating status.

[0099] refer to Figure 5 The first grading screen assembly 401 is used to trap large branches, while seeds and fine impurities pass through its screen holes and fall into the second grading screen assembly 403. The second grading screen assembly 403 is used to trap seeds, while fine twigs and dust pass through the second grading screen assembly 403 and fall into the impurity collection box 5. The large branches trapped by the first grading screen assembly 401 move along an inclined direction and enter the same impurity collection box 5.

[0100] The lower end of the second grading screen assembly 403 has a flow baffle 402, which is connected by a damping hinge 404. Adjusting the rotation angle of the flow baffle 402 can change the opening of the seed discharge channel, and the damping hinge 404 is used to maintain the adjusted position.

[0101] Taking the first grading screen assembly 401 as an example, the rotary quick-locking assembly 406 includes an upper locking member 4061 fixed on the first grading screen assembly 401 and a lower locking seat 4062 fixed on the perforated fixing plate 405. After aligning the upper locking member 4061 and the lower locking seat 4062 and rotating them, the screen can be pressed onto the perforated fixing plate 405; rotating in the opposite direction can release the lock and remove the screen. The second grading screen assembly 403 and the impurity collection box 5 can be equipped with the same quick-release locking structure as needed.

[0102] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 Elastic guide support structures are provided at the four corners of the mounting base plate 101. A limiting step 411 is formed on the thick rod guide post 410. When the thick rod guide post 410 moves to the end of its set stroke, the limiting step 411 abuts against the corresponding part of the seated linear bearing 409 to limit further movement. A buffer spring 407 is disposed between the screen support structures to provide elastic reset and absorb vibration impact.

[0103] During operation, the drive motor 301 and vibrating platform 3 drive the seed-flocculation mixture into the deflocculation chamber 202 via the feed hopper 201. Two flexible deflocculation rollers rotate in opposite directions to complete the deflocculation. The negative pressure suction port 203 discharges the light flocs, while seeds and branch impurities pass through the feed screen 207 into a two-stage screening structure. The first-stage screening assembly 401 traps large branches, the second-stage screening assembly 403 traps seeds, and fine impurities fall into the impurity collection box 5. After the flow rate is adjusted by the flow baffle 402, the seeds enter the subsequent process nodes.

[0104] This device solves the main problems existing in devices with similar functions:

[0105] Existing roller spacing is usually fixed, making it difficult to adapt to materials with different flocculation contents and different degrees of agglomeration. If the roller position is directly changed in a conventional fixed-shaft gear transmission structure, the gear center distance will change accordingly, which can easily cause excessive meshing, disengagement, or local jamming. Using two independent motors to drive the two rollers separately will increase equipment costs and the difficulty of synchronous control.

[0106] Existing screens are often fixed with bolts, requiring individual disassembly and reassembly of fasteners when changing the aperture pattern or cleaning the screen. Multi-layer screens may also experience lateral swaying and interlayer misalignment during vibration. If the equipment is used as a node in a production line, the screened seeds are not collected but directly enter the downstream feeding mechanism, making it difficult to match the output rate with the image acquisition cycle, which can easily lead to accumulation or intermittent feeding.

Claims

1. An adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation treatment device for flocculent seeds, comprising a negative pressure deflocculation component (2) and a screening component (4); the flocculent seeds are first deflocculated by the negative pressure deflocculation component (2) and then screened by the screening component (4) to obtain the desired seeds; Its characteristics are The negative pressure deflocculation assembly includes a deflocculation chamber (202), a negative pressure generating device, a deflocculation roller, and a deflocculation roller drive assembly; The deflocculation chamber (202) is a hollow cavity, and a feed hopper (201) is connected to the top surface of the hollow cavity. The deflocculation roller is located inside the hollow cavity, below the feed hopper; the shaft of the deflocculation roller is connected to the side wall of the hollow cavity through a bearing device. The deflocculation rollers have one or more pairs; Any pair of deflocculation rollers consists of a first flexible deflocculation roller (204) and a second flexible deflocculation roller (205) that are parallel to each other; the two flexible deflocculation rollers rotate in opposite directions; a plurality of flexible comb teeth (206) are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the flexible deflocculation rollers, and the axis of each flexible comb tooth passes perpendicularly through the rotation axis of the flexible deflocculation roller. Let r be the radius of the cylindrical region enclosed by the flexible comb teeth (206) as the flexible deflocculation roller rotates, and let L be the axial distance between the first flexible deflocculation roller and the second flexible deflocculation roller, where 2r>L; The bottom surface of the hollow cavity is made of a material feeding screen (207), and below the material feeding screen is a discharge hopper (208). The sidewall of the hollow cavity is provided with a negative pressure suction port (203), and the air inlet of the negative pressure generating device is connected to the negative pressure suction port; The deflocculation roller drive assembly includes a drive motor (301), a gear and connecting rod transmission mechanism, and a roller gap adjustment mechanism; One set of deflocculation roller drive components corresponds to one pair of deflocculation rollers; A set of deflocculation roller drive assembly has two sets of gear and linkage transmission mechanisms that are mirror images of each other. The two sets of gear and linkage transmission mechanisms are located at both ends of the rotating shaft of the deflocculation roller and outside the side wall of the hollow cavity. A set of gear and linkage transmission mechanisms includes a first gear (302), a second gear (303), a third gear (304) and a fourth gear (305) that mesh externally in sequence, as well as a first swing arm linkage (306) and a second swing arm linkage (307). The first gear (302) rotates coaxially with the first flexible deflocculation roller; The fourth gear (305) rotates coaxially with the second flexible deflocculation roller; The axle of the second gear (303) is fixed to the deflocculation chamber; The third gear (304) is a floating gear; The first and last ends of the first swing arm connecting rod (306) are rotatably connected to the axles of the second gear (303) and the third gear (304), respectively; The first and last ends of the second swing arm connecting rod (307) are rotatably connected to the axles of the third gear (304) and the fourth gear (305), respectively; The motor (301) drives the first gear (302) or the fourth gear (305); One set of gear and linkage transmission mechanism corresponds to one set of roller gap adjustment mechanism; A set of roller gap adjustment mechanism includes a hand-cranked adjustment screw assembly, a slider (314) and a sliding frame (313); the sliding frame is a hollowed-out part on the side wall of the hollow cavity, and the slider slides in the sliding frame in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the deflocculating roller; the second flexible deflocculating roller is connected to the slider through a bearing device on its rotating shaft; The screw (315) of the hand-cranked adjustable screw assembly is connected to a handwheel at its head end. The main body of the screw is inside the slide frame. The axis of the screw is parallel to the sliding direction of the slider. The slider is connected to the nut of the screw assembly. The screw of the screw assembly is connected to the slide frame through a bearing device. The handwheel is located outside the deflocculation chamber. The feed position of the screening component (4) is below the outlet of the discharge hopper (208).

2. The adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation seed treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible comb teeth (206) are made of elastic polymer material, and the ends of the comb teeth have a smooth structure; The flexible comb teeth (206) on the two flexible deflocculation rollers are staggered and comb and dissociate the flocs when the deflocculation rollers rotate in opposite directions; The negative pressure suction port (203) is located in the area above the two flexible deflocculation rollers and is connected to the negative pressure source. The screen holes of the feed screen (207) are configured to allow seeds and branch impurities to pass downwards and to keep the fibrous flocs in the deflocculation chamber (202) or discharge them from the negative pressure suction port (203) under the action of negative pressure.

3. The adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation seed treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening assembly includes a first grading screen assembly (401) and a second grading screen assembly (403). The screen of the first grading screen assembly (401) is below the outlet of the discharge hopper (208) and is inclined in the first direction, with the discharge end of the first grading screen assembly located at a low position. The screen of the second grading screen assembly (403) is below the screen of the first grading screen assembly (401) and is inclined in the second direction. The discharge end of the second grading screen assembly is located at a low position. The first direction and the second direction are opposite. Below the screen of the second grading screen assembly is an impurity collection box (5) with an open top surface; for the projection of the first and second grading screen assemblies onto the impurity collection box: the projection of the discharge end of the first grading screen assembly is outside the projection range of the second grading screen assembly, but within the range of the impurity collection box.

4. The adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation seed treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The impurity collection box and the first and second grade screen assemblies are connected to the mounting base plate (101). The mounting base plate has two elastic guide support columns connected to each side, and the four elastic guide support columns form a frame structure; each elastic guide support column is formed by inserting a thin rod guide column (408) from top to bottom into the hollow of a thick rod guide column (410); The lower part of the coarse rod guide column is connected to the mounting base plate via a seated linear bearing (409). The coarse rod guide column and the seated linear bearing are slidably connected, and the seated linear bearing is fixed to the mounting base plate. The second grading screen assembly (403) is connected to the bracket (413). The side of the bracket has a through hole, through which the thin rod guide column passes and is inserted into the coarse rod guide column. The top surface of the coarse rod guide column is supported on the bottom surface of the bracket. There is a buffer spring (407) between the bottom surface of the bracket and the top surface of the base plate. This buffer spring is sleeved on the outside of the coarse rod guide column. The top of the thin rod guide column is connected to a perforated fixing plate (405), and the first grading screen assembly is detachably installed on the perforated fixing plate by a rotary quick-locking assembly (406); another buffer spring is connected between the bottom surface of the perforated fixing plate and the top surface of the bracket, and this buffer spring is sleeved on the outside of the thin rod guide column. The second grading screen assembly is detachably mounted on the bracket (413) via a rotary quick-locking assembly; The impurity collection box is detachably mounted on the base plate via a rotary quick-locking assembly.

5. The adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation seed treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge end of the screen of the second grading screen assembly (403) is connected to a flow baffle (402) perpendicular to the screen surface; the two flow baffles are respectively connected to the two side guard plates of the screen through damping hinges (404).

6. The adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation seed treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting base plate (101) is connected to the vibration platform (3).

7. The adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation seed treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that it deflocculates... There are multiple pairs of horizontally placed deflocculation rollers, with the rotation axes of adjacent pairs of deflocculation rollers perpendicular to each other, and the heights of adjacent pairs of deflocculation rollers are different.

8. The adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation seed treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear and connecting rod transmission mechanism is covered by a transparent protective cover.

9. The adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation seed treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that it features a sliding... The frame has dustproof brush strips on both the top and bottom rows. The ends of the two dustproof brush strips are staggered, and the sliding path of the sliding deflocculation roller shaft is at the staggered position of the two dustproof brush strips.

10. The adjustable roller gap flexible deflocculation seed treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Used for the dissociation and sieving of poplar seeds; the poplar seeds are 2.5–4.5 mm long, 0.6–1.5 mm wide, and 0.3–0.8 mm thick; The flexible comb teeth (206) are made of silicone or polyurethane elastic material, and the length of the flexible comb teeth (206) is 10 to 20 mm. The body diameter of the first flexible deflocculation roller (204) and the second flexible deflocculation roller (205) is 45-65 mm; The axial distance between the first flexible deflocculation roller (204) and the second flexible deflocculation roller (205) is 55-70 mm; The overlap of the rotational envelope of the flexible comb teeth (206) on the two flexible deflocculation rollers in the free state is 15-30 mm; The deflocculation roller is driven by a servo motor and a planetary reducer, and the rotation speed of the deflocculation roller is 30 to 200 r / min; the negative pressure suction port (203) is located 20 to 80 mm above the rotation center line of the flexible deflocculation roller, and the opening size of the negative pressure suction port (203) is 100 to 150 mm × 20 to 40 mm; the suction velocity at the negative pressure suction port (203) is 2.0 to 4.0 m / s, or the corresponding air volume is 25 to 55 m³ / h, and the negative pressure is -0.3 to -1.2 kPa; The first grading screen assembly (401) has oblong holes with a length of 3.4–4.5 mm and a width of 1.2–1.8 mm, which are used to allow poplar seeds and twigs to pass through while intercepting large branches with a length greater than 3.5 mm. The second grading screen assembly (403) has strip-shaped holes with a width of 0.6 to 0.9 mm, which are used to trap poplar seeds while allowing small twigs and dust to pass through; The vibration frequency of the vibration platform (3) is 40-60 Hz and the amplitude is 0.3-2.0 mm.

Images