Aluminum alloy extrusion apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy extrusion forming, in particular to an aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment, which comprises an extruder, an extrusion cylinder, a motor, a sealing assembly, a sealing plate, a flow feeding assembly and a flow feeding plate. The extrusion cylinder is arranged on the extruder, a gas flow channel is arranged in the extrusion cylinder, the extrusion cylinder is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, and the motor is fixedly installed on the inlet end. The sealing assembly is arranged on the motor and is installed on the inlet end. The sealing plate is arranged in the sealing assembly in an annular array. When the extruder extrudes an aluminum alloy bar, the motor drives the sealing plate to slide and close the inlet end through the sealing assembly. The flow feeding assembly is arranged on one side of the sealing plate, the flow feeding plate is arranged on the flow feeding assembly, and the sealing assembly drives the flow feeding plate to rotate and directionally convey gas through the flow feeding assembly. The application realizes the sealing of the extrusion cylinder and the uniform directional conveying of low-temperature nitrogen gas through rotary motion, ensures that the extrusion cylinder is in an oxygen-free state, and guarantees the quality of extrusion forming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy extrusion molding technology, specifically to an aluminum alloy extrusion molding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloy extrusion molding is a plastic processing method that applies strong pressure to aluminum alloy billets placed in a mold cavity, forcing the aluminum billets to undergo directional plastic deformation and be extruded from the die orifice of the extrusion mold, thereby obtaining parts or semi-finished products with the required cross-sectional shape, size and certain mechanical properties.

[0003] An extrusion press mainly includes a frame, an extrusion cylinder, a die, and an extrusion rod. The extrusion cylinder is fixedly installed on the frame, and the die is installed on one side of the extrusion cylinder. The die is detachably installed on the frame. The extrusion rod is located on the other side of the extrusion cylinder and is fixedly installed on the frame. During extrusion, the aluminum alloy bar is placed between the extrusion cylinder and the extrusion rod. The extrusion rod is started, and it pushes the aluminum alloy bar into the extrusion cylinder. Then, it continues to push the aluminum alloy bar into contact with the die and extrudes it through the die hole to form the shape.

[0004] During the extrusion process of aluminum alloy bars, nitrogen gas is introduced into the extrusion cylinder to isolate oxygen and prevent oxidation of the aluminum alloy bars. However, due to the gap between the aluminum alloy bars and the inner diameter of the extrusion cylinder, when the extrusion rod pushes the aluminum alloy bars completely into the extrusion cylinder, oxygen will be introduced from the feed end, which will affect the isolation effect of nitrogen on oxygen, causing oxidation of the aluminum alloy bars and affecting the processing quality. At the same time, the incomplete removal of oxygen will cause pores on the surface of the aluminum alloy parts.

[0005] In view of this, we propose an aluminum alloy extrusion molding equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an aluminum alloy extrusion molding equipment to solve the problem mentioned in the background art of oxygen affecting processing quality.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment includes: an extruder, an extrusion cylinder, a motor, a sealing assembly, a sealing plate, a flow-feeding assembly, and a flow-feeding plate; the extruder is equipped with an extrusion cylinder, which has a gas flow channel for introducing low-temperature nitrogen gas; the extrusion cylinder has a feed end and a discharge end; an extrusion die is located on the side of the extruder near the discharge end; an extrusion rod is located on the side of the extruder near the feed end; during extrusion, the aluminum alloy bar is fed between the extrusion cylinder and the extrusion rod, then the extrusion rod is activated, pushing the aluminum alloy into the extrusion cylinder, and then gradually moving from the extrusion cylinder to the extrusion die for extrusion forming; a motor is fixedly installed on the feed end; the motor is equipped with a sealing assembly, which is installed on the feed end; the sealing assembly has a ring-shaped array of sealing plates inside; when the extruder extrudes the aluminum alloy bar, the motor drives the sealing plates through the sealing assembly to slide and close the feed end. When the extrusion rod pushes the aluminum alloy bar into the extrusion cylinder, it simultaneously introduces outside air into the cylinder, which can cause oxidation of the aluminum alloy bar and affect the final extrusion quality. At this time, the motor starts and drives the circumferential array of sealing plates to slide synchronously through the sealing assembly. The sealing plates are in contact with the surface of the aluminum alloy bar, thereby sealing the gap between the extrusion cylinder feed port and the aluminum alloy bar, thus preventing oxygen from entering the extrusion cylinder from the extrusion end. The low-temperature nitrogen flowing out from the gas channel plays an isolation and protection role. A flow delivery assembly is provided on one side of the sealing plate, and a flow delivery plate is provided on the flow delivery assembly. The sealing assembly drives the flow delivery plate to rotate and directionally deliver gas through the flow delivery assembly. The flow delivery plate is used to achieve directional flow of low-temperature nitrogen, so that it flows evenly from the feed end to the discharge end, thereby expelling oxygen from the extrusion cylinder and preventing oxygen from being drawn into the aluminum alloy bar at the extrusion die, which would cause porosity.

[0008] Preferably, the gas flow channel includes an inlet, a main flow channel, and an outlet. The inlet is located near the feed end, and the main flow channel is located below the inlet. The main flow channel has an outlet arranged in a grid array. The inlet is located near the feed end, and the outlet is located directly below the inlet. This allows the low-temperature nitrogen gas to enter through the inlet and quickly exit through the outlet directly below, then enter the feed end of the extrusion cylinder to expel the air in the feed end, thereby achieving oxygen isolation at the source and ensuring the isolation effect in subsequent processing. At the same time, the low-temperature nitrogen gas flows to the outlet end through the main flow channel and then exits through the outlet of the grid array between the feed end and the outlet end. This allows the low-temperature nitrogen gas to be evenly distributed in the extrusion cylinder to isolate oxygen. The outlets located on the same circumference form a group, and multiple groups of outlets are linearly distributed along the axial direction to form a grid array, thus completing the opening of the outlets.

[0009] Preferably, the main channel is provided with a diversion ring block, which is located on the outer side of the outlet circumference. The diversion ring block corresponds to each group of outlets and plays a guiding role. When low-temperature nitrogen or other inert gases flow from the feed end to the discharge end, they come into contact with the diversion ring block and are guided by the surface of the diversion ring block to enter the corresponding outlet below, and then enter the extrusion cylinder to isolate oxygen, thereby improving the efficiency of low-temperature nitrogen entering the extrusion cylinder and ensuring the quality of low-temperature nitrogen's isolation from oxygen.

[0010] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes a drive shaft, a telescopic wheel, a drive plate, a fixed plate, and a limiting shaft; the drive shaft is located at the feed end and is fixedly connected to the motor; a telescopic wheel is fixedly installed on the drive shaft, and the motor is connected to the drive shaft via a coupling, so that when the motor rotates, it drives the drive shaft to rotate synchronously, and the drive shaft drives the telescopic wheel to rotate synchronously; the telescopic wheel is rotatably installed on the feed end, and a drive plate is rotatably installed below the telescopic wheel, with a drive plate meshing with it below the telescopic wheel. The drive plate is rotatably installed on the feed end, and when the telescopic wheel rotates, it meshes with the drive plate, thereby driving the drive plate to rotate synchronously; the drive plate has a circular array of drive grooves, and a fixed plate is provided on one side of the drive plate; the fixed plate is fixedly installed inside the feed end, and an installation groove is provided inside the feed end for fixed installation. The plate has a fixed plate with a ring array of limiting grooves, the number of which corresponds to the number of drive grooves. A sealing plate is arranged in a ring between the drive plate and the fixed plate. A drive shaft is provided on one end face of the sealing plate and is slidably installed in the drive groove. A limiting shaft is provided on the other end face of the sealing plate and is slidably installed in the limiting groove. When the drive plate rotates, the drive groove on the drive plate will squeeze and push the drive shaft, which in turn drives the sealing plate to slide. At the same time, the limiting shaft on the sealing plate squeezes against the inner wall of the limiting groove on the fixed plate. By limiting the sliding trajectory of the limiting shaft, the sliding trajectory of the sealing plate is limited, so that the sealing plate slides along a predetermined trajectory and fits against the surface of the aluminum alloy bar, thus sealing the feed end and preventing outside air from entering the extrusion cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic wheel includes a wheel body, telescopic teeth, and a telescopic spring; the wheel body is fixedly connected to the drive shaft, and the wheel body has a circular array of telescopic grooves; the telescopic teeth are slidably installed in the telescopic grooves; the telescopic teeth are generally trapezoidal in structure, and the telescopic teeth are connected to the telescopic grooves by a telescopic spring. The lower end of the telescopic teeth extends and forms a gap contact with the inner wall of the telescopic groove. The wheel body and the drive shaft can be fixedly connected by a flat key, spline, etc. The telescopic teeth are slidably connected to the wheel body by the telescopic spring. When the wheel body rotates synchronously with the drive shaft, the wheel body pushes the telescopic teeth to rotate synchronously by squeezing the inner wall. The telescopic teeth mesh with the drive plate, thereby pushing the drive plate to rotate. At this time, the reaction force of the drive plate on the telescopic teeth is less than the force required for the telescopic spring to undergo elastic deformation. When the drive plate drives the sealing plate and the aluminum alloy rod to fit together, the reaction force of the drive plate on the telescopic teeth is greater than the force required for the telescopic spring to undergo elastic deformation. The telescopic teeth squeeze the telescopic spring and slide into the telescopic groove, thereby realizing the disengagement of the telescopic wheel from the drive wheel, and the drive wheel stops rotating.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing plate has a guide angle of 7°-15° to guide the low-temperature nitrogen gas, directing it to flow towards the connection between the sealing plates and the gap between the sealing plate and the aluminum alloy bar, thereby sealing the gap and blocking outside air to prevent oxygen from entering the extrusion cylinder. At the same time, since the air inlet is located at the feed end, the content of low-temperature nitrogen gas at the feed end is guaranteed, thus ensuring the stability of oxygen blocking. The guide angle is not less than 7° to avoid the guide angle being too small and the flow effect being insignificant, and the guide angle is not more than 15° to avoid the guide angle being too large and the low-temperature nitrogen gas flow rate increasing and drifting out, causing an impact.

[0013] Preferably, the flow delivery assembly includes a drive wheel, a drive gear ring, a driven wheel, a driven rod, and fan blades; the drive wheel is rotatably installed in the gas flow channel and is fixedly connected to the drive shaft; a drive gear ring is provided below the drive wheel, and the drive wheel rotates synchronously with the drive shaft, thereby driving the drive gear ring to rotate synchronously; the drive gear ring is rotatably installed in the gas flow channel, and a flow delivery plate is fixedly installed inside the drive gear ring; the flow delivery plate has a ring array of flow delivery arc blades, and when the drive gear ring rotates, it drives the flow delivery plate fixedly installed inside to rotate synchronously, and the flow delivery plate drives the flow delivery arc blades on it to rotate synchronously to deliver low-temperature nitrogen in the axial direction, realizing the delivery of low-temperature nitrogen from the feed end to the discharge end, and ensuring the uniform distribution of low-temperature nitrogen in the extrusion cylinder; The transmission gear ring has driven wheels arranged at equal intervals on its outer circumference. When the transmission gear ring is in motion, it synchronously drives multiple driven wheels to rotate. The driven wheels and transmission wheels are arranged in a ring with equal intervals between them. A driven rod is fixedly installed inside each driven wheel. The driven rod is rotatably installed in the gas flow channel, and a fan blade is fixedly installed on the driven rod. The fan blade is circumferentially arranged on the transmission shaft and the driven rod. The fan blade is arranged corresponding to the gas outlet. When the driven wheel rotates, it drives the driven rod fixedly connected inside to rotate synchronously. The driven rod drives the fan blade fixedly installed on it to rotate synchronously. The fan blade assists the flow plate to uniformly deliver low-temperature nitrogen in the axial direction, blowing the low-temperature nitrogen to ensure the efficient delivery of low-temperature nitrogen from the feed end to the discharge end.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission gear ring is provided with a limiting ring block, and a corresponding limiting ring groove is provided on the main flow channel. The transmission gear ring is rotatably installed in the main flow channel through the limiting ring block, and the limiting ring groove ensures the stability of its own rotation, thereby driving the flow plate to rotate stably and ensuring the efficiency of conveying low-temperature nitrogen.

[0015] Preferably, the airflow delivery arc blades adopt a three-dimensional twisted variable cross-section airfoil, and multiple airflow delivery arc blades form a hemispherical structure. The three-dimensional twisted variable cross-section airfoil can improve aerodynamic efficiency. Through the variable cross-section and bending design along the blade height direction, the local flow velocity and angle of attack are matched, reducing channel vortices, endwall vortices and gap leakage losses, making the pressure field more uniform, thereby ensuring the stability of the airflow delivery plate for cryogenic nitrogen in the axial and circumferential directions. The hemispherical structure formed by the airflow delivery arc blades guides the airflow, causing the airflow to converge and flow in the area near the outlet, thereby improving the efficiency of cryogenic nitrogen entering the extrusion cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the hemispherical structure is tangent to the air outlet near the feed end, the end of the hemispherical structure is coplanar with the fan blade, and the top of the hemispherical structure is tangent to a group of air outlets directly below the air inlet. This improves the efficiency of low-temperature nitrogen entering the air inlet, thereby ensuring the content of low-temperature nitrogen at the air inlet, effectively expelling oxygen from the air inlet and achieving oxygen isolation. The fan blade is coplanar with the end of the hemispherical structure, so when the butterfly fan blade transfers and transports low-temperature nitrogen, more low-temperature nitrogen can be drawn by the flow plate, ensuring the flow plate's efficiency in transporting low-temperature nitrogen.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: An aluminum alloy extrusion molding equipment is disclosed. The present invention achieves the isolation of oxygen in the extrusion cylinder through the cooperation of a sealing component and a flow delivery component, thereby avoiding oxidation of the aluminum alloy bar during processing and affecting the molding quality of the product.

[0018] An aluminum alloy extrusion molding equipment is disclosed. This invention uses a sealing component to seal and isolate the feed end of the extrusion cylinder, thereby preventing oxygen from entering at the source and further ensuring the oxygen isolation effect, thus achieving high-quality extrusion molding of aluminum alloys.

[0019] An aluminum alloy extrusion molding equipment is disclosed. This invention achieves directional delivery of low-temperature nitrogen gas and uniform mixing of low-temperature nitrogen gas in the circumferential direction through a flow delivery component, thereby ensuring the uniformity of low-temperature nitrogen gas distribution in the extrusion cylinder and ensuring the quality of oxygen isolation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall aluminum alloy extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the extrusion cylinder of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the sealing assembly and flow delivery assembly of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the sealing assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the telescopic wheel of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall sealing plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a rear view of the sealing assembly and the flow delivery assembly of the present invention in action; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall flow plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a vertical sectional view of the extrusion cylinder of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified view of point A; Figure 11For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified view of point B.

[0021] In the picture: 1. Extrusion press; 2. Extrusion cylinder; 21. Feed end; 22. Discharge end; 23. Gas flow channel; 231. Air inlet; 232. Main flow channel; 2321. Diverting ring block; 2322. Limiting ring groove; 233. Air outlet; 3. Electric motor; 4. Sealing assembly; 41. Drive shaft; 42. Telescopic wheel; 421. Wheel body; 4211. Telescopic groove; 422. Telescopic tooth; 423. Telescopic spring; 43. Drive plate; 431. Drive groove; 44. Fixing plate; 441. Limiting groove; 45. Drive shaft; 46. Limiting shaft; 5. Sealing plate; 51. Guide angle; 6. Flow delivery assembly; 61. Drive wheel; 62. Drive gear ring; 621. Limiting ring block; 63. Driven wheel; 64. Driven rod; 65. Fan blade; 7. Flow vane; 71. Flow arc blade; 711. Three-dimensional twisted variable cross-section airfoil; 72. Hemispherical structure. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] An extrusion press mainly includes a frame, an extrusion cylinder, a die, and an extrusion rod. The extrusion cylinder is fixedly installed on the frame, and the die is installed on one side of the extrusion cylinder. The die is detachably installed on the frame. The extrusion rod is located on the other side of the extrusion cylinder and is fixedly installed on the frame. During extrusion, the aluminum alloy bar is placed between the extrusion cylinder and the extrusion rod. The extrusion rod is started, and it pushes the aluminum alloy bar into the extrusion cylinder. Then, it continues to push the aluminum alloy bar into contact with the die and extrudes it through the die hole to form the shape.

[0024] During the extrusion process of aluminum alloy bars, nitrogen gas is introduced into the extrusion cylinder to isolate oxygen and prevent oxidation of the aluminum alloy bars. However, due to the gap between the aluminum alloy bars and the inner diameter of the extrusion cylinder, when the extrusion rod pushes the aluminum alloy bars completely into the extrusion cylinder, oxygen will be introduced from the feed end, which will affect the isolation effect of nitrogen on oxygen, causing oxidation of the aluminum alloy bars and affecting the processing quality. At the same time, the incomplete removal of oxygen will cause pores on the surface of the aluminum alloy parts.

[0025] The present invention provides a technical solution: like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, an aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment includes: an extruder 1, an extrusion cylinder 2, a motor 3, a sealing assembly 4, a sealing plate 5, a flow delivery assembly 6, and a flow delivery plate 7; the extruder 1 is equipped with an extrusion cylinder 2, and the extrusion cylinder 2 has a gas flow channel 23 inside. The extrusion cylinder 2 has a feed end 21 and a discharge end 22. The motor 3 is fixedly installed on the feed end 21; the motor 3 is equipped with a sealing assembly 4, which is installed on the feed end 21. The sealing assembly 4 has a ring array of sealing plates 5 inside. When the extruder 1 extrudes aluminum alloy bars, the motor 3 drives the sealing plate 5 to slide and close the feed end 21 through the sealing assembly 4; the flow delivery assembly 6 is provided on one side of the sealing plate 5, and the flow delivery assembly 6 is equipped with a flow delivery plate 7. The sealing assembly 4 drives the flow delivery plate 7 to rotate and directionally deliver gas through the flow delivery assembly 6; Specifically, the extruder 1 is equipped with an extrusion cylinder 2, and a gas flow channel 23 is opened inside the extrusion cylinder 2. The gas flow channel 23 is used to introduce inert gases such as low-temperature nitrogen or argon. The extrusion cylinder 2 is equipped with a feed end 21 and a discharge end 22. An extrusion die is provided on the side of the extrusion machine 1 near the discharge end 22, and an extrusion rod is provided on the side of the extrusion machine 1 near the feed end 21. During extrusion, the aluminum alloy bar is fed between the extrusion cylinder 2 and the extrusion rod. Then the extrusion rod is started, and the extrusion rod pushes the aluminum alloy into the extrusion cylinder 2. Then it gradually moves from the extrusion cylinder 2 to the extrusion die for extrusion molding. During the extrusion process, the extrusion cylinder 2 plays the role of accommodating high-temperature metal or materials, transmitting extrusion pressure, preventing backflow, cooperating with the die to complete plastic molding, and ensuring uniform material flow, thus ensuring stable operation of extrusion molding. A motor 3 is fixedly installed on the feed end 21. The motor 3 is equipped with a sealing assembly 4, which is installed on the feed end 21. The sealing assembly 4 contains a ring-shaped array of sealing plates 5. When the extruder 1 extrudes the aluminum alloy bar, the motor 3 drives the sealing plates 5 through the sealing assembly 4 to slide and close the feed end 21. When the extrusion rod pushes the aluminum alloy bar into the extrusion cylinder 2, outside air is simultaneously introduced into the extrusion cylinder 2, which can cause oxidation of the aluminum alloy bar and affect the final extrusion quality. At this time, the motor 3 starts and drives the circumferentially arrayed sealing plates 5 to slide synchronously through the sealing assembly 4. The sealing plates 5 adhere to the surface of the aluminum alloy bar, thereby sealing the gap between the feed end 21 of the extrusion cylinder 2 and the aluminum alloy bar, thus preventing oxygen from entering the extrusion cylinder 2 from the extrusion end. Low-temperature nitrogen flowing out of the gas channel helps to prevent oxygen from entering the extrusion cylinder 2. The sealing plate 5 provides isolation and protection. Simultaneously, the synchronous sliding of the sealing plate 5 centers and positions the aluminum alloy bar, ensuring its central axis coincides with the central axis of the extrusion cylinder 2 and the extrusion die. This prevents the aluminum alloy bar from becoming misaligned, thus avoiding any impact on the extrusion quality. A flow-feeding assembly 6 is located on one side of the sealing plate 5, with a flow-feeding plate 7 on it. The sealing assembly 4 drives the flow-feeding plate 7 to rotate and directionally deliver gas via the flow-feeding assembly 6. The flow-feeding plate 7 is used to achieve the directional flow of low-temperature nitrogen, ensuring it flows evenly from the feed end 21 to the discharge end 22, thereby expelling oxygen from the extrusion cylinder 2 and creating an oxygen-free environment. This prevents oxygen from being drawn into the aluminum alloy bar at the extrusion die, thus avoiding the formation of porosity. Simultaneously, it ensures effective oxygen isolation, preventing oxidation of the aluminum alloy bar and its impact on the final product quality.

[0026] In this embodiment, the gas flow channel 23 includes an air inlet 231, a main flow channel 232 and an air outlet 233. The air inlet 231 is opened near the feed end 21, and the main flow channel 232 is opened below the air inlet 231. The main flow channel 232 has an air outlet 233 arranged in a grid array. Specifically, the air inlet 231 is located near the feed end 21, and an air outlet 233 is located directly below the air inlet 231. After the low-temperature nitrogen gas is introduced through the air inlet 231, it can be quickly discharged through the air outlet 233 directly below, and then enter the feed end 21 of the extrusion cylinder 2 to discharge the air in the feed end 21, thereby achieving oxygen isolation from the source and ensuring the isolation effect in the subsequent processing. At the same time, the low-temperature nitrogen gas will flow to the discharge end 22 through the main channel 232, and then be discharged through the air outlet 233 of the grid array between the feed end 21 and the discharge end 22, so that the low-temperature nitrogen gas is evenly distributed in the extrusion cylinder 2 to isolate oxygen. The air outlets 233 located on the same circumference form a group, and multiple groups of air outlets 233 are linearly distributed along the axial direction to form a grid array, thereby completing the opening of the air outlet 233.

[0027] In this embodiment, a diversion ring block 2321 is provided in the main flow channel 232, and the diversion ring block 2321 is located on the outer side of the circumference of the air outlet 233; Specifically, the main channel 232 is an annular cavity, on which multiple sets of outlets 233 are linearly arrayed. Diversion ring blocks 2321 correspond to each set of outlets 233 and play a guiding role. When low-temperature nitrogen or other inert gases flow from the feed end 21 to the discharge end 22, they enter the corresponding outlet 233 below under the guidance of the diversion ring block 2321, and then enter the extrusion cylinder 2 to isolate oxygen, thereby improving the efficiency of low-temperature nitrogen entering the extrusion cylinder 2 and ensuring the quality of low-temperature nitrogen isolation from oxygen.

[0028] In this embodiment, the sealing assembly 4 includes a drive shaft 41, a telescopic wheel 42, a drive plate 43, a fixed plate 44, a drive shaft 45, and a limiting shaft 46. The drive shaft 41 is located on one side of the feed end 21 and is fixedly connected to the motor 3. The telescopic wheel 42 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 41. The telescopic wheel 42 is rotatably mounted on the feed end 21, and the drive plate 43 is rotatably mounted below the telescopic wheel 42. The drive plate 43 has a ring array of drive grooves 431, and a fixed plate 44 is provided on one side of the drive plate 43. The fixed plate 44 is fixedly mounted inside the feed end 21, and a ring array of limiting grooves 441 is provided on the fixed plate 44. A sealing plate 5 is arranged in a ring array between the drive plate 43 and the fixed plate 44. The drive shaft 45 is provided on one end face of the sealing plate 5 and is slidably mounted in the drive groove 431. The limiting shaft 46 is provided on the other end face of the sealing plate 5 and is slidably mounted in the limiting groove 441. Specifically, the drive shaft 41 is located on one side of the feed end 21 and is fixedly connected to the motor 3; a telescopic wheel 42 is fixedly installed on the drive shaft 41, and the motor 3 is connected to the drive shaft 41 through a coupling, so that when the motor 3 rotates, it drives the drive shaft 41 to rotate synchronously, and the drive shaft 41 drives the telescopic wheel 42 to rotate synchronously; the telescopic wheel 42 is rotatably installed on the feed end 21, and a drive plate 43 is rotatably installed below the telescopic wheel 42, the telescopic wheel 42 meshes with the drive plate 43, the drive plate 43 is rotatably installed on the feed end 21, and when the telescopic wheel 42 rotates, it meshes with the drive plate 43, thereby driving the drive shaft 41 to rotate synchronously. The drive plate 43 rotates synchronously. When the reaction force of the drive plate 43 on the telescopic wheel 42 is large, the telescopic wheel 42 will disengage from the drive plate 43. As a result, the telescopic wheel 42 will still rotate with the transmission shaft 41, but will no longer mesh with the drive plate 43, causing the drive plate 43 to rotate. The drive plate 43 is made of alloy steel, such as 20CrMnTi, to ensure that the tooth core has sufficient toughness and impact resistance. At the same time, it undergoes surface hardening treatment, using processes such as carburizing and quenching, and carbonitriding, to ensure the bending fatigue strength and tooth surface contact strength of the drive plate 43 teeth. The drive plate 43 has a ring array of drive grooves 431, and a fixing plate 44 is provided on one side of the drive plate 43. The fixing plate 44 is fixedly installed in the feed end 21, and the feed end 21 has an installation groove for fixing the fixing plate 44. The fixing plate 44 has a ring array of limit grooves 441, and the number of limit grooves 441 corresponds to the number of drive grooves 431. A sealing plate 5 is arranged in a ring array between the drive plate 43 and the fixing plate 44. A drive shaft 45 is provided on one end face of the sealing plate 5, and the drive shaft 45 is slidably installed in the drive groove 431. A limit shaft 46 is provided on the other end face of the sealing plate 5, and the limit shaft 46 is slidably installed in the limit groove 441. When the drive plate 43 rotates, The drive groove 431 on the drive plate 43 will squeeze and push the drive shaft 45, which in turn will drive the sealing plate 5 to slide. At the same time, the limiting shaft 46 on the sealing plate 5 will squeeze the inner wall of the limiting groove 441 on the fixed plate 44. By limiting the sliding trajectory of the limiting shaft 46, the sliding trajectory of the sealing plate 5 will be limited, so that the sealing plate 5 slides along the predetermined trajectory and fits against the surface of the aluminum alloy bar. This seals the feed end 21 and prevents outside air from entering the extrusion cylinder 2. Meanwhile, the centering and sliding of the sealing plate 5 will center and position the aluminum alloy bar, ensuring the accuracy of the aluminum alloy bar position and thus improving the quality of subsequent extrusion molding.

[0029] In this embodiment, the telescopic wheel 42 includes a wheel body 421, telescopic teeth 422, and a telescopic spring 423; the wheel body 421 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 41, and the wheel body 421 has a circular array of telescopic grooves 4211; the telescopic teeth 422 are slidably installed in the telescopic grooves 4211; the telescopic teeth 422 are generally trapezoidal in structure, and the telescopic teeth 422 are connected to the telescopic grooves 4211 by the telescopic spring 423, and the lower end of the telescopic teeth 422 extends to form a gap contact with the inner wall of the telescopic grooves 4211.

[0030] Specifically, the wheel body 421 and the drive shaft 41 are fixedly connected by a key, spline, etc. The telescopic tooth 422 is slidably connected to the wheel body 421 by a telescopic spring 423. When the wheel body 421 rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 41, the wheel body 421 pushes the telescopic tooth 422 to rotate synchronously by pressing against the inner wall. The telescopic tooth 422 meshes with the drive plate 43, thereby pushing the drive plate 43 to rotate. At this time, the reaction force of the drive plate 43 on the telescopic tooth 422 is less than the force required for the telescopic spring 423 to undergo elastic deformation. When the drive plate 43 drives the sealing plate 5 and the aluminum alloy rod to fit together, the reaction force of the drive plate 43 on the telescopic tooth 422 is greater than the force required for the telescopic spring 423 to undergo elastic deformation. The telescopic tooth 422 presses the telescopic spring 423 and slides into the telescopic groove 4211, thereby realizing the disengagement of the telescopic wheel 42 from the drive plate 43. The drive plate 43 stops rotating. At this time, the telescopic wheel 42 continues to rotate under the action of the motor 3, and the telescopic teeth 422 continue to engage with the teeth of the drive plate 43 and then slide into the telescopic groove 4211. During this process, the telescopic teeth 422 continuously impact the drive plate 43, thereby ensuring that the drive plate 43 does not reverse, thus ensuring the stability of the drive plate 43, and thus ensuring the stability of the sealing plate 5, and thus ensuring the stability of the seal. When the aluminum alloy bar is completely inserted into the extrusion cylinder 2, the extrusion rod enters the extrusion cylinder 2. Since the diameter of the extrusion rod is smaller than the diameter of the aluminum alloy bar, the force on the telescopic teeth 422 is reduced. The telescopic teeth 422 no longer compress the telescopic spring 423 and enter the telescopic groove 4211. The telescopic teeth 422 mesh with the drive plate 43, thereby causing the drive plate 43 to rotate, thereby pushing the sealing plate 5 to adhere to the surface of the extrusion rod to continue sealing the feed end 21.

[0031] In this embodiment, the sealing plate 5 is provided with a guide angle 51, which is 7°-15°. The guide angle 51 plays a guiding role for low-temperature nitrogen. Specifically, the cryogenic nitrogen gas is guided to flow to the connection points between the sealing plates 5 and the gaps between the sealing plates 5 and the aluminum alloy rod, thereby sealing the gaps and blocking outside air to prevent oxygen from entering the extrusion cylinder 2. At the same time, since the air inlet 231 is located at the feed end 21, the content of cryogenic nitrogen gas at the feed end 21 is ensured, thus ensuring the stability of oxygen blocking. The guide angle 51 is not less than 7° to avoid the guide angle 51 being too small and the guiding effect being insignificant, and the guide angle 51 is not more than 15° to avoid the guide angle 51 being too large and the cryogenic nitrogen gas flow rate increasing and drifting out, causing an impact. At the same time, the fit between the sealing plates 5 and the aluminum alloy rod can be further improved by controlling the number of sealing plates 5, thereby further improving the sealing performance of the sealing plates 5. Multiple sealing plates 5 form a regular polygon. As the number of sealing plates 5 gradually increases, the regular polygon formed by the sealing plates 5 becomes closer to a circle, thereby making the sealing plates 5 fit the aluminum alloy rod better and ensuring the sealing performance.

[0032] In this embodiment, the flow delivery assembly 6 includes a drive wheel 61, a drive gear ring 62, a driven wheel 63, a driven rod 64, and a fan blade 65. The drive wheel 61 is rotatably mounted in the gas flow channel 23 and is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 41. The drive gear ring 62 is provided below the drive wheel 61. The drive gear ring 62 is rotatably mounted in the gas flow channel 23, and a flow delivery plate 7 is fixedly mounted inside the drive gear ring 62. Flow delivery arc blades 71 are arranged in a ring on the flow delivery plate 7. Driven wheels 63 are arranged in an equidistant array on the outer circumference of the drive gear ring 62. A driven rod 64 is fixedly mounted inside the driven wheel 63. The driven rod 64 is rotatably mounted in the gas flow channel 23, and a fan blade 65 is fixedly mounted on the driven rod 64. The fan blade 65 is arranged in a circumferential array on the drive shaft 41 and the driven rod 64, and the fan blade 65 is correspondingly arranged with the air outlet 233. Specifically, the transmission wheel 61 is rotatably installed inside the gas flow channel 23 and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 41; a transmission gear ring 62 is provided below the transmission wheel 61, and the transmission wheel 61 rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft 41, thereby driving the transmission gear ring 62 to rotate synchronously; the transmission gear ring 62 is rotatably installed inside the gas flow channel 23, and a flow-feeding plate 7 is fixedly installed inside the transmission gear ring 62; the flow-feeding plate 7 has a ring array of flow-feeding arc blades 71, and when the transmission gear ring 62 rotates, it drives the flow-feeding plate 7 fixedly installed inside to rotate synchronously, and the flow-feeding plate 7 drives the flow-feeding arc blades 71 on it to rotate synchronously, mixing the low-temperature nitrogen in the main flow channel 232 in the circumferential direction to ensure the uniformity of the low-temperature nitrogen distribution in the main flow channel 232. At the same time, it conveys the low-temperature nitrogen in the axial direction to realize the conveying of low-temperature nitrogen from the feed end 21 to the discharge end 22, ensuring the uniform distribution of low-temperature nitrogen in the extrusion cylinder 2; driven wheels 63 are equidistantly arrayed on the outer circumference of the transmission gear ring 62, and when the transmission gear ring 62 is driven, it synchronously drives multiple driven wheels 63. The driven wheel 63 rotates synchronously, and the driven wheel 63 and the transmission wheel 61 are arranged in a ring with equal intervals between them. A driven rod 64 is fixedly installed inside the driven wheel 63. The driven rod 64 is rotatably installed inside the gas flow channel 23, and a fan blade 65 is fixedly installed on the driven rod 64. The fan blade 65 is arranged in a circumferential array on the transmission shaft 41 and the driven rod 64. The fan blade 65 is arranged corresponding to the air outlet 233. When the driven wheel 63 rotates, it drives the driven rod 64 fixedly connected inside it to rotate synchronously, and the driven rod 64 drives the driven rod 61 to rotate synchronously. The fixedly installed fan blades 65 rotate synchronously, and the fan blades 65 assist the flow plate 7 in uniformly conveying the low-temperature nitrogen in the axial direction, blowing the low-temperature nitrogen to ensure the conveying efficiency of the low-temperature nitrogen from the feed end 21 to the discharge end 22. At the same time, the fan blades 65 and the air outlet 233 are set on the same plane, so that the airflow blown by the fan blades 65 is more in line with the area of ​​the air outlet 233, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the low-temperature nitrogen entering the extrusion cylinder 2 from the air outlet 233 and ensuring the uniform distribution of the low-temperature nitrogen.

[0033] In this embodiment, a limiting ring block 621 is provided on the transmission gear ring 62, and a corresponding limiting ring groove 2322 is provided on the main channel 232; Specifically, the transmission gear ring 62 is rotatably installed in the main channel 232 through the limiting ring block 621, and the limiting ring groove 2322 ensures the stability of its own rotation, thereby driving the flow plate 7 to rotate stably to ensure the efficiency of conveying low temperature nitrogen.

[0034] In this embodiment, the flow-carrying arc blade 71 adopts a three-dimensional twisted cross-section airfoil 711, and multiple flow-carrying arc blades 71 form a hemispherical structure 72. Specifically, the three-dimensional twisted variable cross-section airfoil 711 can improve aerodynamic efficiency. By using a variable cross-section and bending design along the blade height direction, it matches the local flow velocity and angle of attack, reduces channel vortex, endwall vortex and gap leakage losses, and makes the pressure field more uniform. This ensures the stability of the delivery plate 7 in the axial and circumferential directions for the delivery of cryogenic nitrogen. The delivery arc plate 71 forms a hemispherical structure 72 that guides the airflow, causing the airflow to converge and flow in the area near the outlet 233, thereby improving the efficiency of cryogenic nitrogen entering the extrusion cylinder 2.

[0035] In this embodiment, the top of the hemispherical structure 72 is tangent to the air outlet 233 near the feed end 21, and the end of the hemispherical structure 72 is coplanar with the fan blade 65. Specifically, the top of the hemispherical structure 72 is tangent to the outlet 233 located directly below the inlet 231, thereby improving the efficiency of low-temperature nitrogen entering the inlet and ensuring the content of low-temperature nitrogen at the inlet. This effectively removes oxygen from the inlet and isolates it from oxygen. The fan blade 65 is coplanar with the end of the hemispherical structure 72, so when the butterfly fan blade 65 transfers and transports low-temperature nitrogen, more low-temperature nitrogen can be drawn by the flow plate 7 to ensure the efficiency of the flow plate 7 in transporting low-temperature nitrogen.

[0036] In the aluminum alloy extrusion molding equipment of the present invention, low-temperature nitrogen gas flow channel 23 is injected into extrusion cylinder 2, and extrusion rod pushes the top of aluminum alloy bar slightly into feed end 21. Motor 3 starts and rotates forward, driving transmission shaft 41 to rotate synchronously. Transmission shaft 41 drives telescopic wheel 42 to rotate synchronously. Telescopic wheel 42 meshes with drive plate 43, thereby driving drive plate 43 to rotate. When drive plate 43 rotates, it squeezes drive shaft 45 through drive groove 431, thereby causing sealing plate 5 to slide. When sealing plate 5 slides, the limiting shaft on it... 46 slides along the limiting groove 441 of the fixed plate 44 to ensure the stability of the sliding of the sealing plate 5. At the same time, the transmission shaft 41 drives the transmission wheel 61 and a fan blade 65 to rotate. The transmission wheel 61 meshes with the transmission gear ring 62 to drive the transmission gear ring 62 to rotate. The transmission gear ring 62 drives the flow plate 7 fixedly installed inside it to rotate synchronously to transport low-temperature nitrogen. At the same time, the transmission gear ring 62 drives the driven wheel 63 to rotate synchronously. The driven wheel 63 drives the driven rod 64 to rotate synchronously. The driven rod 64 drives the fan blade 65 fixedly installed on it to rotate synchronously. When the sealing plate 5 is in contact with the aluminum alloy bar, the motor 3 continues to rotate forward. At this time, the force of the drive wheel and the force on the telescopic wheel 42 drive the telescopic teeth 422 to squeeze the telescopic spring 423 into the sliding telescopic groove 4211. The rotation of the telescopic wheel 42 no longer drives the drive plate 43 to rotate. The transmission shaft 41 drives the transmission wheel 61 to continue to rotate. The transmission wheel 61 continues to drive the transmission gear ring 62 to rotate. The transmission gear ring 62 drives the flow plate 7 and the driven wheel 63 to rotate to achieve the directional flow of low-temperature nitrogen. The extrusion rod pushes the aluminum alloy bar to move towards the discharge end 22 and contact the extrusion die to complete the extrusion molding.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment, characterized in that, include: Extruder (1), extrusion cylinder (2), motor (3), sealing assembly (4), sealing plate (5), flow delivery assembly (6) and flow delivery plate (7); The extruder (1) is provided with an extrusion cylinder (2), and a gas flow channel (23) is provided inside the extrusion cylinder (2). The extrusion cylinder (2) is provided with a feed end (21) and a discharge end (22). A motor (3) is fixedly installed on the feed end (21). The motor (3) is provided with a sealing assembly (4), which is installed on the feed end (21). The sealing assembly (4) has a sealing plate (5) arranged in a ring inside. When the extruder (1) extrudes aluminum alloy bars, the motor (3) drives the sealing plate (5) to slide and close the feed end (21) through the sealing assembly (4). A flow delivery assembly (6) is provided on one side of the sealing plate (5), and a flow delivery plate (7) is provided on the flow delivery assembly (6). The sealing assembly (4) drives the flow delivery plate (7) to rotate and directionally deliver gas through the flow delivery assembly (6).

2. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas flow channel (23) includes an air inlet (231), a main flow channel (232) and an air outlet (233). The air inlet (231) is opened near the feed end (21), and the main flow channel (232) is opened below the air inlet (231). The main flow channel (232) has an air outlet (233) arranged in a grid array.

3. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main channel (232) is provided with a diversion ring block (2321), which is located on the outer side of the circumference of the air outlet (233).

4. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (4) includes a drive shaft (41), a telescopic wheel (42), a drive plate (43), a fixed plate (44), a drive shaft (45), and a limiting shaft (46). The drive shaft (41) is located at the feed end (21) and is fixedly connected to the motor (3); a telescopic wheel (42) is fixedly installed on the drive shaft (41). The telescopic wheel (42) is rotatably mounted on the feed end (21), and a drive plate (43) is rotatably mounted below the telescopic wheel (42). The drive plate (43) has a ring array of drive slots (431), and a fixing plate (44) is provided on one side of the drive plate (43). The fixing plate (44) is fixedly installed inside the feed end (21), and the fixing plate (44) has a ring array of limit grooves (441). A sealing plate (5) is arranged in a ring between the drive plate (43) and the fixing plate (44); The sealing plate (5) has a drive shaft (45) on one end face, and the drive shaft (45) is slidably installed in the drive groove (431); the sealing plate (5) has a limiting shaft (46) on the other end face, and the limiting shaft (46) is slidably installed in the limiting groove (441).

5. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic wheel (42) includes a wheel body (421), telescopic teeth (422), and a telescopic spring (423). The wheel body (421) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (41), and the wheel body (421) has an annular array of telescopic grooves (4211). The telescopic groove (4211) is slidably installed with telescopic teeth (422). The telescopic tooth (422) is a trapezoidal structure. The telescopic tooth (422) and the telescopic groove (4211) are connected by a telescopic spring (423). The lower end of the telescopic tooth (422) extends and forms a gap contact with the inner wall of the telescopic groove (4211).

6. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sealing plate (5) has a guide angle (51) which is 7°-15°.

7. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow delivery assembly (6) includes a drive wheel (61), a drive gear ring (62), a driven wheel (63), a driven rod (64), and a fan blade (65). The transmission wheel (61) is rotatably installed in the gas flow channel (23) and fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (41); a transmission gear ring (62) is provided below the transmission wheel (61). The transmission gear ring (62) is rotatably installed in the gas flow channel (23), and a flow delivery plate (7) is fixedly installed inside the transmission gear ring (62). The flow plate (7) has a ring array of flow-carrying arc plates (71). The drive gear ring (62) has driven wheels (63) arranged at equal intervals on the outer circumference. A driven rod (64) is fixedly installed inside the driven wheel (63); The driven rod (64) is rotatably installed in the gas flow channel (23), and a fan blade (65) is fixedly installed on the driven rod (64). The fan blades (65) are arranged in a circumferential array on the drive shaft (41) and the driven rod (64), and the fan blades (65) are correspondingly arranged with the air outlet (233).

8. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission gear ring (62) is provided with a limiting ring block (621), and the main channel (232) is provided with a corresponding limiting ring groove (2322).

9. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flow-carrying arc blade (71) adopts a three-dimensional twisted cross-section airfoil (711), and multiple flow-carrying arc blades (71) form a hemispherical structure (72).

10. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hemispherical structure (72) is tangent to the air outlet (233) near the feed end (21), and the end of the hemispherical structure (72) is coplanar with the fan blade (65).

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