Anti-deformation precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structure

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of precision casting application technology, specifically disclosing a deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures, including the following steps: S1, wax pattern making for the liquid-cooled sealing structure; S2, shell making for the liquid-cooled sealing structure; S3, dewaxing and firing of the liquid-cooled sealing structure; S4, pouring and solidifying molten metal; S5, post-processing and inspection; S1 includes wax pressing, wax repair, and wax inspection, and S2 includes slurry application, sand spreading, and air drying. The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The liquid-cooled sealing structure produced using investment casting has the characteristics of more uniform heat dissipation through material integration; 2. The integrated precision casting process eliminates stress points and deformation, and provides durability and safety; 3. The internal flow channels are smooth, with no flow resistance and stable flow resistance, making it suitable for use under heat loads of 2000W or higher; 4. It saves on machining and welding assembly processes, reducing costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of precision casting application technology, specifically relating to a deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures, used for casting components of liquid-cooled server devices. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid-cooled servers use liquids such as water and fluorinated liquids as cooling media to replace traditional air cooling. They remove heat from core components such as the CPU and GPU through direct or indirect heat exchange. Utilizing the significantly higher specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of liquids compared to air, they achieve efficient heat dissipation, reduced energy consumption, lower noise, and increased computing density. This significantly improves the heat dissipation bottlenecks of high-power AI servers and supercomputing centers, reduces the power usage effectiveness (PUE) of data centers, and is the mainstream cooling solution supporting high-density computing power.

[0003] like Figure 1 The liquid-cooled sealing structure of the current liquid-cooled server's circulating part is designed with a welded assembly structure, which has the following problems: (1) The welded assembly has a high risk of leakage at multiple interfaces; (2) The residual stress of welding has the risk of deformation after long-term use due to thermal cycling, that is, thermal cycling causes the interface surface to warp, resulting in sealing surface failure; (3) The machined welded assembly components have the disadvantage of high cost, and due to the use of welding assembly, the internal flow channel is restricted, resulting in unstable flow resistance; (4) Under heat loads of 2000W or above, the deformation and sealing reliability of the welded assembly liquid-cooled sealing structure become the key bottlenecks restricting the mass production of liquid-cooled systems, and it has the problem of not being able to adapt to high-power scenarios, making it difficult to scale up.

[0004] Therefore, based on the above problems, the present invention provides a deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures, thereby solving the problems existing in the use of liquid-cooled sealing structures in liquid-cooled servers in the prior art.

[0006] Technical solution: The present invention provides a deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures, comprising the following steps: S1, wax model making for liquid-cooled sealing structures; S2, shell making for liquid-cooled sealing structures; S3, dewaxing and firing of liquid-cooled sealing structures; S4, pouring and solidifying molten metal; S5, post-processing and inspection; S1 includes wax pressing, wax repair, and wax inspection, and S2 includes slurry application, sand spreading, and air drying.

[0007] In this technical solution, the wax pressing involves injecting wax material into a metal mold to press out a wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure that is completely consistent with the shape of the liquid-cooled sealing structure; the wax repair involves manually trimming and removing parting lines, burrs, and minor defects from the wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure; and the wax inspection involves conducting a comprehensive inspection of the repaired wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure.

[0008] In this technical solution, the dipping process involves immersing the liquid-cooled sealing structure wax mold into refractory slurry and uniformly coating it with the slurry; the sand sprinkling process involves sprinkling fine refractory sand onto the slurry of the liquid-cooled sealing structure wax mold; and the air drying process involves hanging the liquid-cooled sealing structure wax mold with the fine refractory sand adhering to it and allowing it to air dry and harden naturally.

[0009] In this technical solution, the dewaxing of the liquid-cooled sealing structure in S3 involves placing the air-dried and hardened wax model shell of the liquid-cooled sealing structure entirely into a high-pressure steam dewaxing kettle, heating it at high temperature to melt and flow out all the wax model inside, thus obtaining a liquid-cooled sealing structure cavity composed of a hard shell; the baking in S3 involves placing the empty shell of the liquid-cooled sealing structure after removing the wax model into a high-temperature furnace at about 950℃-1050℃ for baking.

[0010] In this technical solution, the metal pouring in S4 involves injecting molten 316L stainless steel into a calcined liquid-cooled sealed shell structure, wherein the pouring temperature of the 316L steel is 1550℃-1620℃; the solidification in S4 adopts controlled temperature gradient cooling, with the cooling direction from the interface sealing surface to the interior of the flow channel, and the temperature gradient ≥5℃ / mm; after solidification, a heat preservation and slow cooling treatment is performed at 850℃-950℃, and the solidification time is controlled to be 30s~120s.

[0011] In this technical solution, the composition of the 316L stainless steel liquid is Cr: 16.5%, Ni: 12%, Mo: 2.5%, Si: 0.8%, Mn: 1.5%, and C ≤ 0.03%.

[0012] In this technical solution, the composition of the 316L stainless steel liquid is Cr: 18%, Ni: 14%, Mo: 3%, Si: 1.5%, N: 0.1-0.15%, and C ≤ 0.03%.

[0013] In this technical solution, when making the wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure in S1, reinforcing ribs are added to the outside of the large plane of the wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure.

[0014] In this technical solution, the refractory slurry used for dipping is a surface slurry made of silica sol, dicrystalline zirconium powder, wetting agent, and defoamer. The weight ratio of silica sol to dicrystalline zirconium powder is 1:3.5-4.0. The silica sol content is 24-30%, the pH value is 9-10, and the density is 1.15-1.17 g / cm³. The dicrystalline zirconium powder has a mesh size of 325 and is composed of zirconium silicate and zirconium corundum. The wetting agent content is 0.2-0.5%, and the defoamer content is 0.2-0.5%.

[0015] The preparation steps of the surface slurry in this technical solution are as follows: Step 1: Mix silica sol and wetting agent. Pump or pour 50 kg of silica sol into the mixing tank and start stirring. Dilute the wetting agent with a small amount of deionized water and slowly add it to the rotating silica sol. Continue stirring for more than 5 minutes. Step 2: Add the polycrystalline zirconium powder in 2-3 batches and stir for more than 30 minutes. Step 3: Add defoamer. Add the pre-diluted defoamer and stir for 3-5 minutes to remove air bubbles. Step 4: Mature and stir continuously for ≥12 hours. Step 5: Final viscosity adjustment and inspection. After maturation, measure the viscosity with a No. 4 cup. If it is too thick, add a small amount of silica sol. If it is too thin, add a small amount of zirconium powder. Adjust to 45±2s in the No. 4 cup. Sieve through a 120-mesh sieve to remove large particles and obtain the surface slurry.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the anti-deformation precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures of the present invention are as follows: 1. The liquid-cooled sealing structure produced by investment casting has the characteristics of more uniform heat dissipation due to material integration; 2. The integrated precision casting process eliminates stress points and deformation, and provides durability and safety; 3. The integrated precision casting process ensures smooth internal flow channels, eliminates flow resistance, and stabilizes flow resistance, making it suitable for use under heat loads of 2000W and above; 4. The integrated precision casting process saves on machining and welding assembly processes, reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the current liquid-cooled server structure. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wax mold fabrication process for the liquid-cooled sealing structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid-cooled sealing structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of other components adapted to the liquid-cooled sealing structure of the present invention before assembly; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly of other components adapted to the liquid-cooled sealing structure of the present invention; Figures 8-14 The image shown is a simulation diagram of the pouring of 316L stainless steel liquid at different times; Figure 15 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the assembly tree before shell making of the wax mold of the liquid-cooled sealing structure. Figure 16 The diagram shown is a schematic of a liquid-cooled sealed wax mold hanging and air-drying hardening process. Figure 17 The diagram shown is a schematic of the mold shell; Figure 18 The diagram shown is a schematic of the pouring process. Figure 19 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the cast product. Figure 20 , Figure 21 A schematic diagram showing the location of the reinforcing ribs. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," and "side" are used interchangeably. "The other side", "the front", "the back", "the middle part", "the inside", "the top", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "bottom end" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can be mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can be internal connections between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] Example like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures shown includes the following steps: S1, wax model making for the liquid-cooled sealing structure; S2, shell making for the liquid-cooled sealing structure; S3, dewaxing and firing of the liquid-cooled sealing structure; S4, pouring and solidifying molten metal; S5, post-processing and inspection; S1 includes wax pressing, wax repair and wax inspection, and S2 includes slurry application, sand spreading and air drying.

[0022] In addition, preferred wax pressing involves injecting wax into a metal mold to press out a wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure that is completely consistent with the shape of the liquid-cooled sealing structure; wax repair involves manually trimming and removing parting lines, burrs, and minor defects from the wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure; and wax inspection involves conducting a comprehensive inspection of the repaired wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure.

[0023] In addition, preferably, dipping involves immersing the wax mold of the liquid-cooled sealing structure into the refractory slurry to evenly coat it; sprinkling involves spraying fine refractory sand onto the slurry of the wax mold of the liquid-cooled sealing structure; such as Figure 16 The air drying process shown involves hanging up a liquid-cooled, sealed wax mold with fine refractory sand adhering to it and allowing it to air dry and harden naturally.

[0024] In addition, preferably, the dewaxing of the liquid-cooled sealing structure in S3 involves placing the air-dried and hardened wax model shell of the liquid-cooled sealing structure entirely into a high-pressure steam dewaxing kettle, heating it at high temperature to melt and flow out all the wax model inside, thus obtaining a liquid-cooled sealing structure cavity composed of a hard shell. The firing in S3 involves placing the hollow shell of the liquid-cooled sealing structure, after the wax model has been removed, into a high-temperature furnace at approximately 950℃-1050℃ for firing. The purpose is to remove residual wax and moisture, enhance the strength of the hollow shell of the liquid-cooled sealing structure, prevent cold shuts, and reduce thermal stress.

[0025] In addition, preferably, the molten metal pouring in S4 involves injecting molten 316L stainless steel into a calcined liquid-cooled sealed shell mold. The pouring temperature of the 316L steel is 1550℃-1620℃ to ensure fluidity and avoid grain coarsening. The solidification in S4 adopts controlled temperature gradient cooling, with the cooling direction from the interface sealing surface to the interior of the flow channel, and the temperature gradient is ≥5℃ / mm. After solidification, a heat preservation and slow cooling treatment is performed at 850℃-950℃, and the solidification time is controlled at 30s-120s to reduce residual stress in the as-cast state.

[0026] In addition, the composition of the 316L stainless steel liquid is Cr: 16.5%, Ni: 12%, Mo: 2.5%, Si: 0.8%, Mn: 1.5%, and C ≤ 0.03%. The liquid-cooled sealing structure cast with the above composition has excellent corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity, and is suitable for assembly and use in chip-level liquid cooling heat dissipation scenarios.

[0027] In addition, the composition of 316L stainless steel liquid is Cr: 18%, Ni: 14%, Mo: 3%, Si: 1.5%, N: 0.1-0.15%, and C ≤ 0.03%. The liquid-cooled sealing structure cast with the above composition has good corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity and casting yield, and is suitable for assembly and use in liquid cooling heat dissipation scenarios.

[0028] The two different compositions of 316L stainless steel liquid, with increased chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and nitrogen (N) content, raise the PREN (pitting equivalent) value from the standard 24.2 to 27 or higher, effectively resisting chloride ion corrosion that may be exacerbated by the high-temperature environment of the liquid cooling platform. Controlling the carbon (C) content prevents carbide precipitation during casting cooling, which would reduce corrosion resistance; increased thermal conductivity improves heat dissipation efficiency and significantly enhances corrosion resistance. Increasing the silicon (Si) content (e.g., from <0.75% to 1.0-1.5%) utilizes its improved thermal conductivity, enhancing heat dissipation efficiency. Increasing the manganese (Mn) content (to <2.0%) improves the fluidity and toughness of the molten steel, ensuring the complete formation of complex flow channels; simultaneously, appropriately increasing the nickel (Ni) content (e.g., 12-15%) stabilizes the austenite phase, improving high-temperature strength, casting yield, and structural stability of castings under high pressure.

[0029] The two different compositions of 316L stainless steel liquid contain ≤0.03% carbon, low sulfur and low non-metallic inclusions, which avoids intergranular corrosion and pitting during long-term operation.

[0030] The liquid-cooled sealing structure produced by this invention has the characteristics of heat resistance, pressure resistance and excellent sealing performance, and does not deform under the above-mentioned triple coupling situation.

[0031] Furthermore, during casting, the liquid-cooled sealing structure mold shell is fixed using a vacuum sleeve. This provides external constraint to resist the deformation forces during the solidification shrinkage of the casting, while also serving as insulation for the liquid-cooled sealing structure mold shell. The vacuum sleeve has the same structure as the liquid-cooled sealing structure mold shell, but its dimensions are larger. In summary, the use of a vacuum sleeve reduces the vacuuming time, prevents heat dissipation from the liquid-cooled sealing structure mold shell, and minimizes heat loss.

[0032] Pouring time control: After evacuating the liquid-cooled sealing structure mold shell placed inside the vacuum sleeve using vacuum equipment, the time from casting completion to completion is controlled within 180 seconds. Specifically, a vacuum furnace is used to complete the vacuuming operation for the vacuum sleeve and the liquid-cooled sealing structure mold shell.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure used in a liquid-cooled server. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of other components adapted to the liquid-cooled sealing structure of the present invention before assembly (serial number 6 is the casting product of the present invention). Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly of other components adapted to the liquid-cooled sealing structure of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 8-14 The diagram shows a simulation of the pouring of 316L stainless steel liquid at different times according to the present invention. During pouring, a flat-casting and vertical-casting method is adopted (to prevent deformation). The liquid-cooled sealed mold shell is placed vertically for pouring, which reduces the static pressure when the molten metal rises, slows down the heating of the upper surface, and optimizes venting.

[0035] ProCAST was used to create models of the casting, sprue, runner, and ingate. During pouring, the mold shell was placed vertically, and the molten metal entered the lower gating system from the central sprue, and then advanced to the sides and the upper cavity.

[0036] Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 The figures show four representative moments. At 0.1617s, the molten metal is mainly located in the gating cup and the upper part of the sprue, with a filling rate of 2.3%. At 0.6161s, a continuous liquid column has formed in the sprue, and the molten metal begins to enter the lower distribution runner, increasing the filling rate to 8.5%. At 3.5186s, the main areas on both sides have been largely filled, with a filling rate of 48.5%. At 5.6205s, most of the cavity is occupied by molten metal, with a filling rate reaching 77.4%.

[0037] From the perspective of the liquid flow path, the central straight gating channel first establishes a stable liquid supply, and then the liquid flows out to both sides from the lower distribution gating channel.

[0038] like Figure 14The solidification results shown indicate that at 2098.4985s, the model shows a filling rate of approximately 98% and a solid content of approximately 99%, indicating that the main body area has essentially solidified. The pouring cup and the local connection area are still in the final solidification zone, demonstrating that the existing gating system can form a complete main body outline.

[0039] In addition, such as Figure 15 As shown in the wax model making of the liquid-cooled sealing structure in S1, the metal mold of the liquid-cooled sealing structure is made by 3D printing. At the same time, after the wax inspection is completed, the wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure is assembled.

[0040] The liquid-cooled sealing structure manufactured in this application exhibits excellent corrosion resistance, capable of withstanding long-term use of dedicated liquid-cooling coolant (containing corrosion inhibitors and ethylene glycol / propylene glycol) without pitting or crevice corrosion. It also boasts superior sealing performance, passing ≥500,000 pressure pulse cycle tests to simulate system start-up, shutdown, and pressure fluctuations without leakage. Furthermore, it demonstrates excellent resistance to deformation and structural stability: high mechanical strength (yield strength ≥170MPa, tensile strength ≥485MPa), capable of withstanding the working pressure of the liquid-cooling system (typically 1-3 bar) without bulging or deformation; and good thermal stability (the material's coefficient of thermal expansion and contraction remains stable under long-term thermal cycling (20-80℃), with surface flatness variation of the cold plate ≤0.05mm (to prevent insufficient chip compression leading to heat dissipation failure), and the flatness and parallelism tolerance of the entire cold plate controlled within ±0.02mm. The flow channels are machined without burrs or deformation, ensuring uniform coolant flow.

[0041] like Figure 17 The diagram shows the mold shell, which measures 48cm in length, 17cm in width, and 33cm in height. Figure 18 The diagram shown is a schematic of the pouring process. Figure 19 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the cast product.

[0042] like Figure 20 and Figure 21 When making the liquid-cooled sealing structure wax model shown in S1, reinforcing ribs are added to the outside of the large flat surface of the liquid-cooled sealing structure wax model. After the shell is made to the 3rd or 4th layer, ceramic strips or ceramic rods or refractory fiber cloth or grid-shaped reinforcing ribs or local thickening strips are added to the outside of the large flat surface to prevent the rectangular flat surface of the liquid-cooled sealing structure wax model from bulging when firing plastic or when pouring molten steel.

[0043] In addition, the preferred refractory slurry for dipping is a surface slurry made of silica sol, dicrystalline zirconium powder, wetting agent and defoamer, wherein the weight ratio of silica sol to dicrystalline zirconium powder is 1:3.5-4.0 (preferably 1:3.7); wherein the silica sol content is 24-30%, the pH value is 9-10 and the density is 1.15-1.17 g / cm³; the dicrystalline zirconium powder has a mesh size of 325 and is composed of zirconium silicate and zirconium corundum; the wetting agent content is 0.2-0.5% and the defoamer content is 0.2-0.5%.

[0044] Furthermore, the preferred steps for preparing the surface slurry are as follows: Step 1, mix the silica sol and wetting agent; pump or pour 50 kg of silica sol into the mixing tank; start stirring (low to medium speed); dilute the wetting agent with a small amount of deionized water and slowly add it to the rotating silica sol; continue stirring for 5 minutes. Step 1: Add zirconium powder slowly in 2-3 batches, stirring for at least 30 minutes (do not pour it all at once; after each batch, confirm that there are no obvious dry powder lumps or core agglomerates before adding the next batch); Step 2: Add defoamer, add pre-diluted defoamer, and stir for 3-5 minutes to remove air bubbles (at low speed (80-100 rpm); Step 3: Mature and stir, cover to prevent moisture evaporation, and continuously stir and mature for ≥12 hours; Step 4: Final viscosity adjustment and inspection, after maturity, measure the viscosity with cup No.4; if it is too thick, add a small amount of silica sol (≤200g each time, stir well and retest); if it is too thin, add a small amount of zirconium powder (pass through a 120-mesh sieve into the container); adjust to 45±2s in cup No.4; sieve through a 120-mesh sieve to remove any possible large particles to obtain the surface slurry.

[0045] This invention addresses the issue of slender, long, flat, liquid-cooled, sealed structures, and establishes an investment casting technology consisting of "temporary reinforcement using wax molds - mid-to-late stage reinforcement of the shell - vertical casting - external frame constraint." By employing integral casting, the runner body, interfaces, and mounting features can be concentrated in a single piece, which helps reduce welding joints and assembly processes.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1. Fabrication of wax mold for liquid-cooled sealed structure; S2. Fabrication of liquid-cooled sealed structural shell; S3, Liquid-cooled sealed structure for dewaxing and calcination; S4. Pouring and solidification of molten metal; S5. Post-processing and inspection; S1 includes wax pressing, wax repair and wax inspection, and S2 includes slurry application, sanding and air drying.

2. The deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wax pressing process involves injecting wax material into a metal mold to press out a wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure that is completely identical in shape to the liquid-cooled sealing structure. The wax repair process involves manually trimming and removing parting lines, burrs, and minor defects from the wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure. The wax inspection process involves conducting a comprehensive inspection of the repaired wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure.

3. The deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of dipping the wax mold of the liquid-cooled sealing structure involves immersing it in refractory slurry and coating it evenly with the slurry. The process of sprinkling sand involves spraying fine refractory sand onto the slurry of the wax mold of the liquid-cooled sealing structure. The process of air drying involves hanging the wax mold of the liquid-cooled sealing structure with the fine refractory sand adhering to it and allowing it to air dry and harden naturally.

4. The deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dewaxing of the liquid-cooled sealing structure in S3 involves placing the air-dried and hardened wax model shell of the liquid-cooled sealing structure entirely into a high-pressure steam dewaxing kettle, heating it at high temperature to melt and flow out the internal wax model, thus obtaining a liquid-cooled sealing structure cavity composed of a hard shell. The firing in S3 involves placing the empty shell of the liquid-cooled sealing structure, after removing the wax model, into a high-temperature furnace at approximately 950℃-1050℃ for firing.

5. The deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal pouring in S4 involves injecting molten 316L stainless steel into a calcined liquid-cooled sealed shell. The pouring temperature of the 316L steel is 1550℃-1620℃. The solidification in S4 employs controlled temperature gradient cooling, with the cooling direction from the interface sealing surface to the interior of the flow channel, and a temperature gradient ≥5℃ / mm. After solidification, the material undergoes a heat preservation and slow cooling treatment at 850℃-950℃, with the solidification time controlled at 30s-120s.

6. The deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The composition of the 316L stainless steel liquid is Cr: 16.5%, Ni: 12%, Mo: 2.5%, Si: 0.8%, Mn: 1.5%, and C ≤ 0.03%.

7. The deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The 316L stainless steel liquid has the following composition: Cr: 18%, Ni: 14%, Mo: 3%, Si: 1.5%, N: 0.1-0.15%, C ≤ 0.03%.

8. The deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: When making the wax model of the liquid-cooled sealing structure in S1, reinforcing ribs are added to the outside of the large plane of the wax model.

9. The deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The refractory slurry used for dipping is a surface slurry made of silica sol, zirconium dimorphum powder, wetting agent and defoamer, with the weight ratio of silica sol to zirconium dimorphum powder being 1:3.5-4.

0. The silica sol content is 24-30%, the pH value is 9-10, and the density is 1.15-1.17 g / cm³; the polycrystalline zirconium powder has a mesh size of 325 and is composed of zirconium silicate and zirconium corundum; the wetting agent content is 0.2-0.5%, and the defoamer content is 0.2-0.5%.

10. The deformation-resistant precision casting method for liquid-cooled sealing structures according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps for preparing the surface slurry are as follows: Step 1: Mix the silica sol and wetting agent. Pump or pour 50 kg of silica sol into the mixing tank, start stirring, dilute the wetting agent with a small amount of deionized water, and slowly add it to the rotating silica sol. Continue stirring for more than 5 minutes. Step 2: Add the polycrystalline zirconium powder slowly in 2-3 batches, stirring for at least 30 minutes; Step 3: Add defoamer. Add pre-diluted defoamer and stir for 3-5 minutes to remove air bubbles. Step 4: Mature and stir continuously for ≥12 hours; Step 5: Final viscosity adjustment and inspection. After the curing process is complete, the viscosity is measured using a No. 4 cup. When the consistency is too thick, add a small amount of silica sol; when the consistency is too thin, add a small amount of zirconium powder; adjust to 45±2s in cup No.4; sieve through a 120-mesh screen to remove large particles and obtain the surface slurry.

Images